中考英语写作万能模板（热门20篇）

Animals are friends of human beings, everybody is responsible for animal protection, we should take good care of them. Because, there are a lot of insects are beneficial to human. For example: the bee, it is industrious, very early in the morning to go out honey, again and again. In the dark, after the bite honey, non-stop to adopt to carry on the processing of honey. The appearance of the bees and ordinary, life is very short, only about 3 months, Can it all his life not rest, work diligently, and them nothing in humans, but for people to make sweet and delicious, nutritious, honey can cure sickness.

And the frog, the frog is covered with green clothes, two big eyes, like two stars glittering and translucent and transparent glass ball, it hid in the field, only eat insects, protect crops. Two a push with its back when it catch insects, a jump, nimbly hind legs up, jump up high, long tongue out, like a vacuum cleaner quickly eat insects to the stomach. But we humans can use them as delicious food on the table.

There are many lovely animals, my favorite is the giant panda. The giant panda is our precious animals, my mother told me that the giant panda is a national treasure of our country! Long giant pandas are cute, chubby, plump, start to counteract a, particularly funny. Its head and body are white, only the rim of the eye, ear, and the shoulder is dark brown. Especially that a pair of black rim of the eye, long in white face, like wearing a pair of sunglasses, plus the clumsiness and start to look in all directions, looks like a little gentleman.

You look! They are adorable, they are our humans good friends, how are we going to have the heart to hurt them?

动物是人类的朋友，保护动物人人有责，我们应该爱护它们。因为，有很多昆虫都对人类有益。比如说：蜜蜂，它很勤劳，每天早上很早就出去采蜜，一次又一次。到了天黑，吃几口蜜糖后，就马不停蹄地对采来的蜜进行加工。蜜蜂的外形并不起眼，生命也很短暂，只有3个月左右;可它一生都不休息，勤勤恳恳地工作，它们对人类毫无所求，却为人们酿造了甘甜可口、营养丰富、可医治病痛的蜂蜜。

还有青蛙，青蛙披着碧绿的衣裳，两只大眼睛，像两颗晶莹透明的玻璃球，它藏在田里，专吃害虫，保护庄稼。它捉害虫的时候两条后腿一蹬，一纵身，敏捷地将后腿一蜷，跳起老高，长长的舌头一伸，就像一个吸尘器一样转眼就把害虫吃到肚子里去了。可是，我们人类却把它们当成美味佳肴摆在餐桌上。

还有许多可爱的动物，我最喜欢的是大熊猫。大熊猫是我国珍贵的动物，妈妈告诉我大熊猫还是我们国家的国宝呢!大熊猫长的很可爱，胖乎乎、圆滚滚的，走起路来一摇一晃的，特别逗人。它的头部和身体都是白色的，只有眼圈、耳朵和肩部是黑褐色的。特别是那一对黑黑的眼圈，长在白白的脸上，像是戴着一副墨镜，加上那笨拙的动作和走起路来东张西望的神情，显得像个小绅士。

你瞧!它们多么可爱，它们是我们人类的好朋友，我们怎么忍心伤害它们呢?

导语：环境问题是当今的热门话题。它不仅影响我们的健康，它也对我们的未来有很大的影响。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的相关英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

The environmental matter is a hot topic nowadays. Not only does it affect our health, it also has a great impact on our future.

Due to lacking of environmental concepts, peoples health has been greatly affected by air, noise and water pollution. In order to live a better life, we need a cleaner world. We should now be concerned for environment by creating a better future for our next generation.

In conclusion, the environmental matter is an important issue that directly affects very human in the world! ​

【参考译文】

环境问题是当今的热门话题。它不仅影响我们的健康，它也对我们的未来有很大的影响。

由于环境观念的缺乏，人们的健康受到了空气、噪音和水污染的严重影响。为了过上更好的生活，我们需要一个更清洁的世界。我们现在应该关注环境，为下一代创造更美好的未来。

总之，环境问题是一个直接影响人类的重要问题!

记叙文要交代清楚事情发生的地点、时间;要把事情的经过、因果写明白。一件事，总离不开时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果等六个方面的内容，因此，只有把这些方面写清楚了，才能使别人明白你写了一件什么事。下面是小编为你带来的中考记叙文写作技巧，欢迎阅读。

一、记叙文的写作技巧

1、悬念、巧合、误会

2、疏密、虚实

3、抑扬

4、张弛

5、蒙太奇与意识流

二、写作注意事项

1、作文字迹工整，

2、卷面干净整洁，

3、开头结尾要简练，

4、动笔之前要拟题，列提纲，

5、平时要多积累优美的字词句子，用时心不慌。

声明：版权归版权所有人所有，影响到利益，请及时通知我们进行删除。

三、如何开头?

我们集中突破式主动作文写法总纲对开头段的作用是这样要求的：开头段，突破一个“巧”字， 做到别开生面，抓住读者。具体说来有三条是需要我们谨记的：1、接触主题，点到为止，留下伏笔。2、短小简洁，干净利落，活泼生动。3、心中有读者，引起阅读兴趣。开头段不能拖拖拉拉，短小生动为上，抓住读者往下阅读是首要的。

开题，这里的题指的是本文要表达的思想感情，也就是主题。比如一篇习作要表达的是快乐的主题，那么在开头段就应该显露出快乐的笔调和气氛;反之 就该显露出悲伤的情绪和环境。

强调我们设计开头段的目的，重在吸引读者，而不是为了开头而开头，为了巧而巧，甚至是卖弄辞藻，华而不实。如果真的是那样，就会弄巧成拙。还有要注意用自己的语言表达自己的情感，不能生搬硬套，故作深沉。记住，与读者交流我们的情感思想才是写作的真正目的

都说作文开头难，最难就难在思路，没有思路，就没有开头的方向;思路不清，就会咬着笔头无从下笔;思路错误，就会劳而无功，通篇尽失。开头段这样重要，其方法就最简易。

总起来说，有三条：

1、和文章题目联系上。

2、和主要内容联系上。

3、和自己(主人公)的心情联系上。

开头段写作方法：

1、开门见山法。

2、先闻其声法。

3、设问开头法

4、景物描写法

5、肖像描写法

6、联想开头法

7、倒叙开头法

8、名人名言开头法

9、议论开头法

10、综合开头法

四、如何结尾?

结尾段不是可有可无的文段，它承担着十分重要的任务。

一般来说，结尾段的任务有三条：

1、收束全文，完成主题。

2、拓展情境，升华主题。

3、含蓄优美，引人遐想。

理清结尾段的思路，经常运用的有五个：

1、和文章题目联系上。

2、和开头段联系上。

3、和重要内容联系上。

4、和事情结果联系上。

5、和自己的心情联系上。

结尾段的方法。

1、 自然结尾。

2、抒情结尾

3、含蓄结尾

4、总结结尾

5、启发结尾

6、点题结尾

7、照应结尾

9、议论结尾

10、综合结尾

做到“结尾有力”的主要途径是：

一、把事件的结局交代清楚。

这种顺着情节的发展，以事情的终结作全文的结尾，干净利落，不枝不蔓，事情结束，文章也就结束了。

二、语言含蓄，发人深思。在记叙文中，作者以独特的认识和理解，写下深刻含蓄的结语，力求意味深长，发人深思。

三、结尾同开头呼应。结尾照应开头，能使文章结构谨严，浑然一体。

四、篇末点题，突出中心。篇末点题，尤如画龙点睛，这“睛”点得好，会使全篇顿生光彩。画龙点睛式的结尾，能帮助读者悟出全文的深意，给人留下深刻的印象。

小结：

记叙文的结构模式相对而言变化较多，运用时可以使用单一的某种模式，也可以将其中的两种或几种合并使用。但不管如何变化都会遵循如下规律：

开头(引出材料)→主体(具体描写，用生动的细节突出某种特点)→结尾(适当抒情或议论点题)。必须注意的是：段与段之间、材料与材料之间要有过渡，结尾要照应。熟练地掌握这些基本模式对快速构思和行文无疑是大有裨益的。

Dear_________,

I am writing this letter to express my sincere gratitude for___________.Had it not been for your assistance in ___________,I fear that ___________may not have____________.I’d like you to know that your help __________.It not only____________,but also__________.I shall always remember__________.

I hope that I will have the opportunity of returning your hospitality by inviting you to ______.Will you kindly let me know whether you____________?I am looking forward to seeing you soon!

Again,I would like to express my thanks to .Please accept my appreciatin and pass my best wishes on to ____________.I hope to hear from you soon.

首先，要认真思考所给题目、材料和要求，不要急于动笔，给自己充分的时间去构思作文思路。要知道“开弓没有回头箭”，千万不要等到写到一半的时候才发现自己远离错误理解题意，作文偏题了。所以，建议在落笔之前先打好草稿，如果觉得没有时间打草稿，那也要把文章在脑子里过一遍，打好腹稿。

其次，评卷老师在阅览文章的时候只花很短的时间，开头结尾是比较认真阅读的部分，中间一般只草草过一遍。所以，精写开头结尾很重要。开头可开门见山，直奔主题，当然也可制造悬念。引人入胜。结尾可总结全文，前后呼应，也可画龙点睛，发人深省。

再次，有些考生写作文的时候不喜欢太直白，而喜欢故弄玄虚，但建议考生最好不要这么做，因为限于时间、篇幅以及考生的笔力，故弄玄虚往往会让考生吃力不讨好，而评卷老师在看作文的时候只是匆匆而过，不可能深入探究考生的本意，故弄玄虚只为给评卷老师造成作文离题的错觉。如果真的是偏题了，记得掰也要硬掰回来，可以考虑逆挽，使文章形成一种欲扬先抑的结构形态。

最后也是很关键的一点，一定要完结。结尾写得不好也没关系，但一定要写完。作文完结了，就算结尾写得不好，那也能算是虎头蛇尾;而没有完结的文章根本不能算是一篇文章。

写好作文重要的是有一个好的思路，下面是小编整理的写作没有思路怎么办，欢迎阅读。

写作文最关键的是联想,首先由题目联想到你要表达的东西,然后再联想到你要写的东西.如果写记叙文主要要增加描写的部分,主要事件中人物是怎么想的,周围的情况怎样.一般考试作文,尤其是上高中之后的考试作文写议论问的比较多.议论文的写法像画树,首先确定主干,也就是论点,然后是分叉,就是来证明主论点的分论点,最后是叶子,也就是事例.如果作文功底不够深,就要多积累事例,使你的论点充分.

提高作文最关键的是练习,就是记日记.刚刚开始记日记的时候总是不知道要写什么,这个时候就要什么都往里面写.小学生写日记一般写上街买菜之类的,写具体的事件,上了中学之后一般会借日记来抒发个人感受.其实这个也不完全一样,有很多人的日记会想纪实的东西一样,把自己一天做了什么都记下来.看你个人的爱好.但一般比较优秀的日记都是通过生活中发生或者在电视报纸上看到的事情来发表看法,发表感想.坚持记日记作文水平就自然会提高.

不过写作文其实也有天赋的因素,这个越到高年级越明显,有的人可能天赋比较好,根本来说是比较感兴趣,有的人可能就不感兴趣.但这之间拉开的分数并不太大,不会超过五分.考试作文只要努力积累材料,掌握必要方法就可以拿到差不多的分数.所以如果很喜欢写作就要多写日记,多思考,也多看些书,最好是能告诉你一些什么你又感兴趣的书籍或者杂志.如果不是很来电也不要勉强,只要认真写就行,可能自然会有些人好像不是很认真写就比你分数高,但那也是没办法的事情,你要相信这样的人一般活得比较辛苦。

最后说一句,不要轻易否定自己,如果很希望作文写好,就要相信自己有这种天赋,并不是每个作文写得好的人都是从最开始就现楼出来的.要先打开写作文的思路，下面两点希望能对同学们有所启示：

第一点,就是要多读书,读好书,向作文童话小说等,就是不要读漫画.其中作文不读是不行的,每天必须保持30分钟的读书时间,当看到作文题目时,回想一下作文书,要去粗取精.不要因为书贵,不去买!

第二点,看到作文题目时,不要盲目的去写,要在大脑中有一个提纲,要写什么,再写什么,最后怎么写结尾,如果大脑中有了这么一个提纲的话,写起作文就不那么困难了!

高考作文写作思路：

高考作文对我们语文成绩来说很重要，我们必须在作文上取得高分，但是很多考生在高考写作时会出现没有思路的现象，这会影响我们考试的心理，为此我们邀请了学大的教育辅导专家给我们总结写作文没有思路的应对方法一。

袖手于前”，预防在先。近些年考试卷题量有所减少，答题时间还是比较充裕的，不必慌张匆忙，一定要在作文审题构思上多用心力，一般要用到5至10分钟。不妨学学朱光潜先生的做法：在定了题目之后，取一张纸条(考试草稿纸)摆在面前，抱着那题目四面八方地想——自由联想，不拘大小，不问次序，想得一点意思，就用三五个字的小标题写在纸条上，如此一直想下去，一直记下去，到当时所能想到的意思都记下来了为止，然后再把杂乱无章的小标题看一眼，仔细加一番衡量，把无关重要的无需说的各点一齐丢开，把应该说的选择出来，理出一个线索和次第，写出一个纲要。

如果时间充裕，还可以采用“两结合”快速起草法，就是在整体构思的基础上，打出一部分的草稿，列出一部分的提纲。这样把打草稿与列提纲结合，既可节约时间，又可尽量避免作文的失误。应打草稿并认真修改的主要是三个部分：一是文章的标题，标题是文章的眼睛，“眼睛”的美丽无疑会使整个文章增色生辉，尤其是考场作文，标题决定了阅卷老师对该文的第一印象和第一判断，直接关系到判分的高低，所以要在拟题上多动脑筋，力争拟出精彩的标题;二是文章的开头，古人把好的文章的开头说成是“风头”，可见开头的美应是我们作文的追求，尤其是从考场作文阅卷的实情来看，在酷暑高温、连续紧张的工作中，阅卷老师能读到颇有几分亮点的开头，无异于喝了一口酽茶，吃了一颗“兴奋丸”，对文章产生的好感自不待言，所以考场作文要精心打造开头，设计出能征服读者(阅卷老师)的闪亮“登场”;三是文章的结尾，有人用吃花生来比喻读文章，若吃到最后是一颗特香的，就会让满口余香回味无穷，倘若吃到最后是一颗霉变的，那就会使满口香味顿然全消，所以，要避免考场作文的结尾成为一颗“霉变花生”，就应该用心着色，力求使之成为全文的又一亮点。除了以上三个部分，文章的主体内容就可用提纲的形式显示。提纲按顺序分条列出，每条后面都用括号注明预计大约写的字数(以高考作文不少于800字为标准)，意在对行文起调控作用。采取这种“两结合”的起草法，主要花的是思维活动时间，文字书写用时并不多;若能熟练运用，一般也只需要5至10分钟。这种“磨刀工”不但绝对不误“砍柴”，而且会使“柴”砍得既快又好。

清代戏曲理论家李渔有言：“不宜率急拈毫，袖手于前，始能疾书于后。”我相信，只要大家把写作前的准备工作做到位了，就可完全避免陷入中途卡壳难以成篇的窘境。

秋天是一个美丽的季节，下面语文迷网为大家带来了秋天的优美段落，供大家参考选择。

1. 秋天的风轻轻的抚摸太阳时，风随风充满芳香。秋天的风，熏香四溢，丰富的沁香，抬头望着天空，晴朗了许多，云彩白白，衬托了蓝色晶莹。娴静，轻盈，秋天的阳光里，和秋风一起飞翔。湖水丝丝涟漪，又见清风。捡起一片树叶，心中的一切负担压力随风而去，随风飘散，满是轻松，满是诗意。晶莹的水珠，青青的草地，空气也是爽凉和舒畅的。在秋天的风中，你会不知不觉如醉，思绪随风飘啊飘，飘向了金灿灿的天地，飘向了美丽的山林，蓝色的大海，壮观的瀑布，美丽的城市。成熟又绚丽的风，洒在大地。

2. 秋天的清晨，秋高气爽，风儿很凉爽。铺面吹过，很是舒服。秋风伴着鸟儿的叽喳声，小虫子的叫声。树上的叶子随着秋风飘落，飘到了这里，落在了地上。拾起一片秋叶，写着冬春夏秋，自然的美丽。

3. 秋天的天空很高，很蓝。阳光没有夏天那么酷热，没有冬天那么寒冷。望着秋天的天，宽阔舒畅。满是自然，满是美丽。秋天的天，广阔的胸怀，让人暂时忘记平日的忙碌，忘记日常的琐事。或是天空的胸怀，可以感动你，让人的心胸变得更宽广。如秋天的天空。

4. 秋天的颜色是五颜六色，红色、黄色、绿色，田里的禾苗有些淡淡的黄色，树木绿的更深沉。秋雨落下，一丝凉意。秋天的花草绽放，写下大自然的美丽。秋天的花草歌唱，歌唱大自然的灵性与美丽。

5. 秋天的雨，有一盒五彩缤纷的颜料，你看，她把黄颜色给了银杏……黄了的树叶扇呀扇呀，像一把小扇子，扇走了夏天的火热;她把红颜色给了枫树……红红的枫叶飘呀飘呀，像一枚枚邮票，邮来了秋天的盛装。金黄颜色呢，是给田野的，看，田野像金色的海洋;橙红颜色呢，是给果树的，听，橘子柿子们你挤我碰，喊着人们去摘呢!还有各种各样的颜色，都给菊花仙子，紫红的、淡黄的、雪白的……美丽的菊花在秋雨里点头。

6. 秋天的雨，有一支金色的小喇叭，它告诉大家，冬天快要来了。小喜鹊衔来了树枝造房子，小松鼠找来松果做粮食，小青蛙在加紧挖洞，准备舒舒服服地睡一大觉!还有小树叶呢，常绿树的树叶穿上厚厚的油亮亮的衣裳，落叶树的树叶飘呀飘呀，飘到大树妈妈的脚下，都在准备过冬了。

7. 秋天的雨说下就下，没有了夏天的暴雨，有些绵绵。时而细密，时而滴滴。让人的思绪飘很远。每一次的雨下，秋天的脚步更近了，一寸秋雨一寸秋。秋高气爽，天气凉爽。秋雨冲刷着夏天的浮躁，让大地慢慢安静下来。心情也安静下来，退却了夏天的烦躁，安静成为了主题。

8. 秋天正在悄悄走来，树叶有了黄的味道。白天也不是那么炎热了，向窗外望去，阳光金灿灿的，仿佛在诉说这是个收获的季节。凉爽的风儿飘进窗户，很舒服，任思绪飘很远。秋天来了，庄稼地沉甸甸的收获，还有那金色的阳光，很美。

9. 秋在果园，圆圆的苹果在秋阳下展现着秋天青红相间的脸。秋在枝头，在阿妹苹果般的脸上，在她嫣然一笑间，闪现。秋在晨风中，在带着阿妹青春的味道中间，向我迷漫。

10. 秋天在公园里，看!这里色彩斑斓，树叶枯黄，一片片树叶从树上掉了下来，在空中，象一只只蝴蝶在飞舞。树叶落在地上，象给大地铺了一层金色的地毯。菊花开放了，红的如火，白得象雪，黄得若金，送来了一阵阵清香。孩子们跑着放风筝，老爷爷老奶奶们坐在椅子上一边闲聊一边欣赏着美丽的秋景。

11. 草坪片片染黄，草木也显出了成熟坚硬，像一队尖兵披着铠甲， 在风雨中挺立。树木穿上了五彩缤纷的花衣，红、黄、绿、紫……犹如一位位美丽的少女站立在秋风中，美不胜收。落叶翩翩起舞，像蝴蝶一般，美丽极了。

12. 秋天是一幅美丽的画卷，有自己独特的颜色——黄色。树上、地上，几乎变成了黄色的世界。枫树哥哥骄傲极了，因为它有一种少见的颜色——红色，它的叶子就如同一团大火照亮了周围的植物。秋天依然有绿色，铁树就是例外，它那数不清的刺，像四面展开，就像一个烟花。

13. 晴天时，深秋的天空中，白云像弹好的羊毛，慢慢漂浮着;太阳光也不太强，暖暖地温馨地照在小朋友的身上，孩子们在秋天和煦轻柔的微风里嬉戏。

14. 辽阔的稻田翻浪，稻穗被压弯了腰，农民伯伯高兴地拿着弯刀在收割。咦，果园里呢?我看那石榴好像看着这美丽的风景也高兴的笑 破了肚皮，诱人的苹果笑红了脸。一串串葡萄披紫衣……果实散发着诱人的香味，甜得我的心都醉了。

15. 夏天过去了，秋妈妈忙者给树木披上了金装，登高望去，犹如一片茫茫的金海。秋风扫过，树叶纷纷落下，有的像蝴蝶翩翩起舞，有的像黄莺展翅飞翔，还有的像舞蹈演员那样轻盈的旋转。地上满是落叶，像铺了一层厚厚的金毯。

16. 一轮明月爬起来，升上天空。一片云，一轮月，一片天，绵绵美丽。迷迷胧胧，甜蜜又安静。秋天风走了又来了，时间过得好快。人的一生是短暂的，匆匆的脚步，急匆匆的心情，放慢脚步吧，听听风的歌唱，看看大自然的美丽。站在秋天的风中，看宽阔的大地，望望广阔的天空，欣赏一望无垠的大海。写一首赞美的歌，赋一曲优美的旋律。平平淡淡才是真，细水长流才是爱。

17. 我眼中的秋天，是一个金黄色的世界，田野里，稻谷成熟了，金黄金黄的，一阵风拂过，田野里的稻谷都漾起波纹，十分好看。树上，叶子全都变黄了，每当微风把枯黄的叶子吹下来时，金黄色的叶子就像一只只金黄色的蝴蝶，在空中翩翩起舞，俗话说： “落叶不是无情物，化作春泥更护花。”这句话说的还真的挺有道理的呢!玉米也露出了大牙，像是在对我们笑哩!

18. 秋天，我走进枫林，看那枫树粗壮 、高大身躯上向四面八方伸出无数枝杈，那片红叶在微风中轻轻地抖动，不时飘飘悠悠地落下来，给大地铺上了一条红色的地毯。这红彤彤的叶面有清晰地叶脉，边缘上有均匀的锯齿，形状活像小孩伸出的小手，颜色却如一团正燃烧的火焰。

19. 来到田野里，看见稻谷换上了金色的衣裳，那田间小路上车来人往，热闹非凡。有运玉米的，有拉高粱的;还有装豆子的。一辆辆运粮车，满载着丰收的喜悦。菜园里，要数大白菜最引人注目了，棵棵大白菜都长得那么地丰满。

20. 天空风轻云淡，原野一片丰收的景色。天很蓝，没有夏天那么沉闷，凉爽的风从窗户飘进来，花的香气扑鼻，又夹杂着果实的味道。神清气爽，听一首秋天的歌曲。天宽地阔，秋天的气息从容豁达，瓜果蔬鲜，阳光明媚。

21. 杨柳，秋风轻轻吹拂着她的身段。杨柳树下，她，一个轻轻的吻，把瞬间的甜蜜传递。感知，十八岁的天空，圆圆的月儿，照着她纯真的笑脸。

22. 一层秋雨一层凉，秋雨绵绵秋意长。没有了春天的春暖花开，没有冬天的严寒深沉。秋天就是秋天，多彩的季节。最喜爱那秋天的枫叶，红红的，透过阳光的光线，更加好看。透过铺满阳光的树叶，流露着大自然的清新自然。秋天是红色的，秋天是黄色的，秋天是深绿色的。

23. 秋天的阳光像水晶般透明清澈，水亮水亮地在天地间流淌，在黄色红色的各种树叶明晰的叶脉里簌簌流动，在姑娘甜美的酒窝里打转，在每一根飞扬的发丝上弹奏动听的民谣，为每一片土地每一样事物镀上温暖的味道。

2015年武汉中考英语作文题是《一封英文自荐信》，以下是详细内容：

假设你是一名中学生，名叫田梅。你从南京青奥会英文网站上获悉他们正在招收志愿者，你想给组委会写一封英文自荐信。内容提示见下表：

基本信息

新城中学九年级学生，16岁

个人品质

精力充沛，随和，有耐心

主要特长

英语说的好，擅长与他人合作

相关经历

今年4月，成为“2014无锡国际马拉松赛”志愿者，……

注意事项：

1、自荐信须包含所给内容要点，要求语句通顺，意思连贯;

2、“相关经历”一栏中省略部分须用2-3句话展开合理想象，作适合发挥;

3、词数在80个左右，信的首尾已在答题卡上给出，不计入总词数;

4、信件内容必须写在答题卡指定的位置上。

参考词汇：

新城中学(New Town Middle School)

志愿者工作(voluntary work)

2014无锡国际马拉松赛(the 2014 Wuxi Tnternational Marathon)

1. 内容切题

内容切题是命题作文的基本要求，考生可从以下几个方面入手：

第一要认真审题。根据题目类别，弄清文体的要求，并判明文章的种类(议论文、说明文、记叙文)，同时确定文章要阐明的主题或要表达的中心思想，若题目已经提供了提纲，还要注意弄清各提纲要点之间的逻辑关系。考生在拿到作文题后，切勿惟恐时间不够，提笔就写。一旦跑题，发现了再改就来不及了，常言道：“磨刀不误砍柴工”。

第二要注意设计安排段落。根据文章的中心思想，确定各个段落的主题内容和主题句。如果是议论文，一般要从论点的正反两个方面来考虑，首先是某观点的合理成分或某物的长处，然后是该观点的不合理成分或该物的短处，最后阐明自己的观点。如果题目提供了提纲，只要把提纲扩展成主题句即可。

第三要避免将记忆里较熟悉的句子生拉硬扯地搬进作文，使作文结构松散，意思不明确，甚至会偏离主题。

2. 表达清楚，文字连贯

文章要做到表达清楚，文字连贯，文章各段落就必须根据提纲所确立的不同主题来展开，而且各段落的主题句要将段落的各个部分凝聚在一起，流利地表达段落大意，使段落中各部分以及段落之间的联系一目了然。

3. 句式有变化

有些考生对写作没信心，不敢大胆地使用所掌握的语言基础知识，包括英语句法知识，结果整篇文章都是以主、谓、宾句式为主的简单句子，文章显得刻板无生气。实际上，

屠格涅夫曾经说过：“不会宽容别人的人，是不配受到别人宽容的。但是谁能说自己是不需要宽容的呢?”在生活节奏不断加快、竞争日益激烈的年代，我们都在为自己的生存而宛如蜜蜂采花般地忙碌着，很少顾及彼此之间的沟通交流。我们常常在生活中因意见、观点或利益相左而产生矛盾，也难免因一些琐碎小事而产生误会、磨擦，在这种情况下，唯有宽容理解之心才能解决这一切。

请你以“理解”为题写一篇作文，文体自选(诗歌除外)，字数不少于600字。

导语：你觉得创建文明城市的首要条件是什么?下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

为配合我市开展“创建文明城市(build a civilized city)”活动，学校举办以How to Behave Well?为主题的英语征文比赛。现在请你根据所给提示内容，用英语写一篇80词左右参赛短文。

提示：1.衣着整洁;2.保持环境卫生;

3.待人有礼，乐于助人; 4.遵守交通规则; 5…….

要求：1.文章必须包括所给提示中1～4项内容，可展开思路，适当发挥;

2.文中不能出现考生的真实姓名、校名等。

In order to build a civilized city, we students should try our best to behave well in the activities.

It’s a good habit to keep our clothes clean and tidy. Our city should be kept clean every day. Don’t throw litter or spit about. It’s good manners to say “Thank you” and “Please”, and so on. We should never say dirty words. Be friendly to others and always ready to help the people in need. For example, when we are on a bus, we should give our seats to the old and the women with babies. We should also obey traffic rules. When the traffic lights are red, we should stop. And we’d better not talk or laugh loudly in public.

If everyone behaves well , our city will be more beautiful and more attractive.

【参考译文】

为了建设文明城市，我们学生应该尽力在活动中表现良好。

保持衣服干净整齐是一个好习惯。我们的城市应该每天保持清洁。不要乱扔垃圾或随地吐痰。说“谢谢”和“请”是礼貌的，等等。我们不应该说脏话。对别人友好，随时准备帮助需要帮助的人。例如，当我们在公共汽车上时，我们应该给老人和有婴儿的妇女让座。我们也应该遵守交通规则。当交通灯是红色的时候，我们应该停下来。我们最好不要在公共场合大声说话或大笑。

如果每个人都表现良好，我们的城市将会更美丽更迷人。

On Christmas morning， the children wake up very early. Some even turn on the light attwo o‘clock， and most of them are awake by six o’clock although it is not light in England for another hour or two at this time of the year.

Children look for their presents ， and the young ones play while the dinner is prepared. At about one o‘clock in the afternoon， the Christmas dinner is brought in . The turkey or chicken is quickly eaten . Children search in their Christmas pudding for new coins which are hidden in it . The rest of the day is full of games and eating until the happiest of all Christmas hollidays comes to an end.

(一)段首句

1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为…… There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____.

2. 俗话说(常言道)……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。 There is an old saying______. It"s the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today.

3. 现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……;其次，……。更为糟糕的是……。 Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______.

4. 现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外(而且)……。 Nowadays，it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______. Besides，______.

5. 任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。 Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages.

6. 关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为(说)……，在他们看来，…… People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____.

7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题……，这个问题变得越来越严重。 Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious.

8. ……已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。 ______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.

9. ……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。 ______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.

10. 根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出……。很显然……，但是为什么呢? According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that______ while. Obviously，______，but why?

(二)中间段落句

1. 相反，有一些人赞成……，他们相信……，而且，他们认为……。 On the contrary，there are some people in favor of ___.At the same time，they say____.

2. 但是，我认为这不是解决……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的是……。 But I don"t think it is a very good way to solve ____.For example，____.Worst of all，___.

3. ……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，(也是)非常重要的。首先，……。而且……，最重要的是…… ______is necessary and important to our country"s development and construction. First，______.What"s more, _____.Most important of all,______.

4. 有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以……。 There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can______

5. 面临……，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。一方面……，另一方面， Confronted with______，we should take a series of effective measures to______. For one thing，______For another，______

6. 早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……，另外……。所有这些方法肯定会……。 It is high time that something was done about it. For example. _____.In addition. _____.All these measures will certainly______.

7. 为什么……?第一个原因是……;第二个原因是……;第三个原因是……。总的来说，……的主要原因是由于…… Why______? The first reason is that ______.The second reason is ______.The third is ______.For all this, the main cause of ______due to ______.

8. 然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，……也有它的不利的一面，象……。 However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ______also has its own disadvantages, such as ______.

9. 尽管如此，我相信……更有利。 Nonetheless, I believe that ______is more advantageous.

10. 完全同意……这种观点(陈述)，主要理由如下： I fully agree with the statement that ______ because______.

(三)结尾句

1. 至于我，在某种程度上我同意后面的观点，我认为…… As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent. I think that ____.

2. 总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注……这个问题。只有这样，我们才能在将来……。 In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______.Only in this way can ______in the future.

3. 但是，……和……都有它们各自的优势(好处)。例如，……，而……。然而，把这两者相比较，我更倾向于(喜欢)…… But ______and ______have their own advantages. For example, _____, while_____. Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to______.

4. 就我个人而言，我相信……，因此，我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为…… Personally, I believe that_____. Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because______.

5. 随着社会的发展，……。因此，迫切需要……。如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自已的一份力量，这个社会将要变得越来越好。 With the development of society, ______.So it"s urgent and necessary to ____.If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better.

6. 至于我(对我来说，就我而言)，我认为……更合理。只有这样，我们才能…… For my part, I think it reasonable to_____. Only in this way can you _____.

7. 对我来说，我认为有必要……。原因如下：第一，……; 第二，……;最后……但同样重要的是…… In my opinion, I think it necessary to____. The reasons are as follows. First _____.Second ______. Last but not least,______.

8. 在总体上很难说……是好还是坏，因为它在很大程度上取决于……的形势。然而，就我个人而言，我发现……。 It is difficult to say whether _____is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of______. However, from a personal point of view find______.

9. 综上所述，我们可以清楚地得出结论…… From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that____.

10. 如果我们不采取有效的方法，就可能控制不了这种趋势，就会出现一些意想不到的不良后果，所以，我们应该做的是…… If we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is_____.

想要写好英语作文平常肯定少不了积累，下面是语文迷网整理的关于中考英语作文的句子素材，希望对你有帮助。

1. According to a recent survey， four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.

依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。

2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.

最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。

3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.

没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。

4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.

人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。

5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.

越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。

6. When it comes to education， the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.

说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。

7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a persons physical fitness.

许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。

8. Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful effects of international tourism.

应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量，努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。

9. An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However， this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents， who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.

越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而，越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法，他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题，像犯罪和**.

10. Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus， which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.

许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少，以至于他们要花很长时间等一辆公交车，而车上可能已满载乘客。

11. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem： the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.

无可否认，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题：城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。

12. An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.

一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。

13. A proper part-time job does not occupy students too much time. In fact， it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes： All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间，事实上，把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康，正如那句老话：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。

14. Any government， which is blind to this point， may pay a heavy price.

任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。

15.Nowadays， many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately， for most young people， it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.

当前，一提到即将开始的学校生活，许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而，对多数年轻人来说，校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。

16. In view of the seriousness of this problem， effective measures should be taken before things get worse.

考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。

17. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills， which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.

大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。

18. It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.

无可争辩，现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冻的痛苦生活。

19. Although this view is wildly held， this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.

尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。

20. No one can deny the fact that a persons education is the most important aspect of his life.

没有人能否认：教育是人生最重要的一方面。

21. People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.

人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。

22. In the last decades， advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.

在过去的几十年，先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。

23. In fact， we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.

事实上，我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。

24. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.

我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。

25. People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

人们相信拥有计算机技术可以获得更多工作或提升的机会。

26. The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.

从这几年我搜集的信息来看，这些知识并没有人们想象的那么有用。

27. Now， it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.

现在，人们普遍认为没有一所大学能够在毕业时候教给学生所有的知识。

28. This is a matter of life and death——a matter no country can afford to ignore.

这是一个关系到生死的问题，任何国家都不能忽视。

29. For my part， I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons：

我同意后者，有如下理由：

30. Before giving my opinion， I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.

在给出我的观点之前，我想看看双方的观点是重要的。

31. This view is now being questioned by more and more people.

这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑。

32. Although many people claim that， along with the rapidly economic development， the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information Ive collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.

尽管许多人认为随着经济的高速发展，用自行车的人数会减少，自行车可能会消亡， 然而，这几年我收集的一些信息让我相信自行车仍然会继续在现代社会发挥极其重要的作用。

33. Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.

环境学家指出：持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题，而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。

34. In view of such serious situation， environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.

考虑到这些严重的状况，我们比以往任何时候更需要像自行车这样的环保型交通工具。

35. Using bicycle contributes greatly to peoples physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.

使用自行车有助于人们的身体健康，并极大地缓解了交通阻塞。

36. Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle， it is not without its problem.

尽管自行车有许多明显的优点，但是它也存在它的问题。

37. Bicycle cant be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.

在速度和舒适度方面，自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。

38. From what has been discussed above， we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：自行车的优点远大于缺点，并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。

39. There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.

当前在高校和研究机构对教育存在着大量争论，其中一个问题就是教育是否是个终身学习的过程。

40. This issue has caused wide public concern.

这个问题已经引起了广泛关注。

41. It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.

必须指出学习只能靠自己。

42. A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously， they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a persons education is a most important aspect of his life.

许多人存在这样的误解，认为离开学校就意味着结束了他们的教育。显然，他们忽视了教育是人生重要部分这一基本事实。

43. As for me， Im in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation， for the following reasons：

就我而言，我同意教育不应该随着毕业而结束的观点，有以下原因：

44. It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.

人们普遍认为高校是不可能在毕业的时候教会他们的学生所有知识的。

45. Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.

即使最优秀的毕业生，要想成为一个博学的人也要不断地学习。

46. It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology， and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.

人们普遍认为我们的现代科技使我们的社会发生了巨大的变化，近几十年人类在科技方面取得了惊人的进步。

47. Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

现在越来越多的人开始相信学习新的技术和知识能直接帮助他们获得工作就会或提升的机会。

48. An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.

一项调查显示许多老人都有到大学继续学习的愿望。

49. For the majority of people， reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.

对大多数人来讲，退休以后，阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源。

50. For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style， it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes： it is never too late to learn.

对于那些想过上健康而有意义的生活的人们来说，找时间学习一些新知识是很重要的，正如那句老话：活到老，学到老。

My family, there is a mountain, this is my father. He is a man of humor, sometimes is also a serious person, when I did on the exam, he is engaged in the smile, said: "my daughter is really cool." But when I take an examination of is not good, also a in two different conditions. See if my paper is careless mistake, my father will be severely criticized me. 2. Hell take a look at my test paper, if I really dont, he doesnt speak, I also want to pull me to the in front of him, ask what the hell am I going, sometimes he told me more than an hour, you know I will so far, this is my father, a sense of humor and serious man,

In my family, there is a beauty, this is my mom, is a man with big eyes, the nose is very clever, how to say, she is probably the most beautiful Ive ever seen a young mother, my mother wont say me, but when I get bad she cant talk but with his eyes looking at me, I can see thick affection from her eyes, and my eyes is deeply sorry, and I will take an examination of well, next time to give them a replacement.

Dont forget, I still a little people in the family,I am a very happy person, from say, I am an optimist, and one more thing, my father and mother are all people, with a pair of glasses to me here, didnt wear glasses, and his eyes still surprisingly good, may come to me is a variable. I always say: "you have to wear glasses, why I dont wear glasses?"

Anyway I have a happy family!

我的家庭，有一个大山，这就是我的父亲。他是一个幽默的人，有时也是一个严肃的人，当我考得好的时候，他从事眉开眼笑，说：“我的女儿真棒”。但当我考的不好的时候，也分两种情况一。看看我的试卷如果是马虎错的话，我的爸爸会狠狠的批评我。二。他也会看看我的试卷，如果我真的不会的话，他不会说我，也要把我拉到他的面前，问我到底会不会，有时他会给我讲上一个小时多，知道我会为止，这就是我的父亲，一个又幽默又严肃的人，

我的家庭中，有一个美人，这就是我的妈妈，是一个眼睛大大的人，鼻子非常灵秀，怎么说的，她可能是我见过的一个最美丽的年轻妈妈了，我的妈妈不会说我，但是当我考的差的话她不会说话而是用眼睛看着我，我从她的眼睛中能看出浓浓的亲情，而我眼中是深深的歉意，而我下次一定能考好，给他们一个交代。

别忘了，这个家庭中还有我一个小人，我是一个非常愉快的人，从之说，我是一个乐天派的人，还有一件事，我的爸爸和妈妈都是戴眼镜的人，惹到我这里的，不到没戴眼镜，而且眼睛还是出奇的好，可能到我这里是变异了吧。我总是说：“你们都戴眼镜，为什么我不戴眼镜呢?”

总之我有一个快乐的家庭!

A good laugh is sunshine in a house.令人愉快的欢笑是房间里的阳光。(英国小说家萨克雷。W.M.)

A man who is never satisfied with himself and whom therefore nobody can please.人要是从来不满意自己，就不会有人能够使他满意。(德国诗人歌德.J.W.)

A smile is ever the most bright and beautiful with a tear upon it. What is the dawn without its dew? The tear, by the smile is made precious above the smile itself.笑容带上泪珠总是最鲜艳、最娇美的。正如没有露水，还算什么清晨?而泪珠带上了笑容，就变得甚至比笑容还珍贵。(美国哲学家、教育家兰格。S.K)

All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只工作不娱乐使人愚钝。(英国作家贺维尔.)

Anticipating pleasure is also a pleasure.预期快乐本身也是一种快乐。(德国剧作家、诗人席勒.F.)

Better by far you should forget and smile than that you should remem-ber and be sad.笑一笑而忘掉，比愁眉苦脸地记住要好得多。(英国女诗人罗塞蒂.C.G. )

But headlong joy is ever on the wing. 轻率的快乐总是瞬息即逝。(英国诗人 弥尔顿.)

Energy is eternal delight.精力充沛是永恒的快乐。(美国诗人、艺术家布莱克.W.)

Everything considered, work is less boring than amusing oneself.不管怎样，娱乐比工作更令人乏味。(法国诗人 查尔斯.B.)

Human felicity is produced not so much by great pieces ofgoodfortune that seldom happen , as by little advantages thatoccurevery day.(Benjamin Franklin ,American president).与其说人类的幸福来自偶尔发生的鸿运，不如说来自每天都有的小实惠。(美国总统 富兰克林.B.)

Most folks are about as happy as they make up their mindstobe.(Abraham Lincoln ,American president)对于大多数人来说，他们认定自己有多幸福，就有多幸福。(美国总统 林肯.A.)

The secret of being miserable is to have leisure to botheraboutwhether you are happy or not.(George Bernard Shaw ,Britishdramatist)痛苦的秘密在于有闲功夫担心自己是否幸福。(英国剧作家 肖伯纳.G.)

The supreme happiness of life is the conviction that weareloved.(Victor Hugo , French novelist)生活中最大的幸福是坚信有人爱我们。(法国小说家 雨果.V.)

There is no dise on earth equal to the union of loveandinnocence.(Jean Jacques Rousseau, French thinker)人间最大的幸福莫如既有爱情又清白无暇。(法国思想家 卢梭.J.J.)

To really understand a man we must judge himinmisfortune.(Bonaparte Napoleon , French emperor)要真正了解一个人，需在不幸中考察他。(法国皇帝 拿破仑.B.)

We have no more center to consume happiness without producingitthan to consume wealth without producing it.(George Bernard Shaw,British dramatist)正像我们无权只享受财富而不创造财富一样，我们也无权只享受幸福而不创造幸福。(英国剧作家 肖伯纳.G.)

A lifetime of happiness ! No man alive could bear it ; it wouldbehell on earth.(G.Bernard Shaw ,British dramatist)终身幸福!这是任何活着的人都无法忍受的，那将是人间地狱。 (英国剧作家 肖伯纳.G.)

Happiness is form courage.(H.Jackson , British writer)幸福是勇气的一种形式。(英国作家 杰克逊.H.)

Happy is the man who is living by his hobby.(G.Bernard Shaw,British dramatist)醉心于某种癖好的人是幸福的。(英国剧作家 肖伯纳.G.)

Happiness lies not in the mere possession of money ; it liesinthe joy of achievement , in the thrill of creativeeffort.(FranklinRoosevelt , American president)幸福不在于拥有金钱，而在于获得成就时的喜悦以及产生创造力的激情。(美国总统 罗斯福.F.)

He laughs best who laughs last.远行者见闻多。(英国科学家雷伊.J.)

He who can conceal his joys is greater than he who can hide his griefs.能隐藏欢乐的人比能隐藏悲痛的人更了不起。(瑞士作家 拉瓦特)

I like the laughter that opens the lips and the heart, that shows at the same time pearls and the soul.我喜欢能不开启双唇和心扉的笑声，喜欢能展示皓齿和灵魂的笑声。(法国作家雨果)

I never condider ease and joyfulness as the purpose of life itself.我从来不认为安逸和欢乐就是生活本身的目的。(美国科学家爱因斯坦)

I wish to preach, not the doctrine of ignoble ease, but the doctrine of the strenuous life.我愿宣扬的信条是艰苦奋发的生活，而不是卑微低下的安逸。(美国政治家罗斯福.T.)

It is a curious fact that in bad days we can very vividly recall the good time that is now no more; but that in good days we have only a very cold and imperfect memory of the bad.奇怪得很，人们在倒楣的时候，总会清晰地回忆已经逝去 快乐时光，但是在得意的时候，对恶运时光只保有一种淡漠而不完全的记忆。(德国哲学家叔本华)

It is a poor heart that never rejoices.永远不快乐的心很可悲。(英国小说家马里亚特)

Joys are our wings, sorrows are our spurs.欢乐是人们的双翼，哀愁是人们发愤的动力。(法国作家里克特.J.P)

Labor is often the father of pleasure.劳动常常是快乐之父。(法国哲学家、历史学家伏尔泰)

One of the greatest pleasure in life is conversation.生活中最大的乐趣之一是交谈。(美国作家史密斯L.P.)

Perfect understanding will sometimes almost extinguish pleasure.完全的理解有时几乎会使乐趣消失。(英国学者、诗人豪斯曼.A.E.)

Never less idle than when wholly idle, nor less alone than when wholly alone.要清闲就完全清闲，要清静就完全清静。(英国诗人克莱尔J.)

People who cannot find time for recreation are obliged sooner or later to find time for illness.腾不出时间娱乐的人，早晚会被迫腾出时间生病。(美国商人 霍梅克.J.)

Pleasure is nothing else but the intermission of pain, the enjoying of something I am in great trouble for till I have it.快乐不过是痛苦的间歇，享受之前要进行艰苦的努力。(英国法学家 塞尔登.J.)

Praise is ilde sunlight to the human spirit, we cannot flower and grow without it.对于人的精神来说，赞扬就像阳光一样，没有它我们便不能开花生长。(英国作家 格林.G.)

就“说明对象”而言，英语说明文可分为对“客观具体事物”的说明和对“主观抽象观念”的说明两大类，比如：对“LASER（激光）”、“Computer Problem of Year XX（计算机XX年问题）”等等的说明都是对客观或者具体事物的说明，而“The Successful Interview（谈成功的面试）”、“How to Write Good English Composition（如何才能写好英语作文）” 等是对主观抽象观念的说明。对我们中学生朋友来说，在汉语说明文的教学中似乎比较侧重前者，即解释客观具体事物的说明文。但在英语说明文中，阐述和说明 “主观抽象观念”的说明文占了很大的比重，其中有些类似汉语中的议论文。但是无论是对“客观具体事物”的说明还是对“主观抽象观念”的阐述，英语说明文从结构上看大致可分为三个部分：第一部分一般是文章的第一段，提出文章的主题，也就是说，文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容；第二部分是文章的主体，可由若干个段落组成，对文章的主题进行展开说明；第三部分是结尾段，对文章的主题作归纳总结。从英语说明文的结构可以看出，要写好英语说明文的关键在于第二部分如何对文章主题进行展开说明。在英语中，常见的用来展开文章主题的方法有下列几种：

1.罗列法（listing）

在文章开始时提出需要说明的东西和观点，然后常用first，second，…and finally加以罗列说明。罗列法广泛地使用于各类指导性的说明文之中，下面这篇学生作文就是用罗列法写成的：

Early Rising

Early rising （早起） is helpful in more than one way. First， it helps to keep us fit （健康）。 We all need fresh air. But air is never so fresh as early in the morning. Besides， we can do good to our health from doing morning exercise （做早操）。

Secondly， early rising helps us in our studies. We learn more quickly in the morning， and find it easier to remember what we learn in the morning.

Thirdly， early rising enables （使能够） us to plan the work of the day. We cannot work well without a good plan. Just as the plan for the year should be made in the spring， so the plan for the day should be made in the morning.

Fourthly， early rising gives us enough time to get ready for our work， such as to wash our faces and hands and eat our breakfast properly.

Late risers may find it very difficult to form the habit of early rising. They ought to make special efforts to do so. As the English proverb says，“Early to bed and early to rise， makes a man healthy， wealthy and wise.”

罗列法经常用下列句式展开段落，我们可以注意模仿学习：

There are several good reasons why we should learn a foreign language. First of all， …Secondly， …And finally， …

We should try our best to plant more trees for several good reasons First of all， …Secondly， …And finally，

必须指出的是，有时罗列法并不一定有明确的first， second…等词，但文章还是以罗列论据展开的。

2.举例法（examples）

举例法是用具体的例子来说明我们要表达的意思，常用for example， for instance， still another example is…等词语引出。下面这篇学生作文就是用举例法写成的：

Recreation

It is impossible to keep in good health unless we take enough recreation （娱乐）。 The mind， too， needs change to make it fresh and vigorous （有活力的） There is much truth in the old saying， All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.“

There are many games which boys and girls can play after their school work is done， for instance， football， tennis， and kite-flying. Other examples of recreation are boating， fishing， gardening， cycling， walking， chess-playing， and reading. Persons who sit much at their business should take a kind of recreation that will supply their muscles （肌肉） with exercise. Those who spend most of their time in the open air and do manual work （体力活） should adopt （采纳） reading or some other quiet form of recreation.

Cycling is said to be an important means of recreation， but many persons foolishly tire out themselves by cycling too much. The same may be said in regard to football. Tennis is a pleasant form of recreation. Many persons take great delight in boating. Fishing requires much patience， and there is much danger of taking cold by sitting still on a cold day too long. A good brisk （轻松） walk is one of the finest forms of exercise. For persons engaged in outdoor labor， chess-playing is another excellent form of recreation.

可以看出，举例法和罗列法有时可以结合使用：即用罗列法来列出例子，用例子充实罗列的说明。

3.比较法（comparison and contrast）

比较法是对两个对象进行比较，从而进行说明的写作手法。比较法又可细分为比较相同点（comparison）和比较不同点（contrast）两种方法，比如：

From Paragraph to Essay

Although they are different in length （长度）， the paragraph and the essay are quite similar in structure （结构）。 For example， the paragraph starts with either a topic sentence （主题句） or a topic introducer followed by a topic sentence. In the essay， the first paragraph sets up the topic focus （主题所在） Next， the sentences in the body of a paragraph develop the topic sentence. Similarly， the body of an essay consists of a number of paragraphs that discuss and support the ideas given in the introductory （引导的） paragraph. Finally， a concluding sentence （结束句） ——whether a restatement， conclusion， or observation——ends the paragraph. The essay， too， has a concluding paragraph which ends the essay logically and satisfactorily. Although there are some exceptions （例外）， most well written expository （说明文的） paragraphs and essays are similar in structure.

可以看出，在比较相同点的时候，常用到similarly，also，too，in the same case，in spite of the difference等这样的词语。

European Football and American Football

Although European football is the parent of American football， the two games show several major differences. European football， sometimes called association football or soccer， is played in 80 countries， making it the most widely played sport in the world. American football， on the other hand， is popular only in North America （the United States and Canada）。 Soccer is played by eleven players with a round ball. Football， also played by eleven players in somewhat different positions （位置） on the field， is played with an elongated （拉长的） round ball. Soccer has little body contact （接触） between players and therefore needs no special protective equipment. Football， in which players make the greatest use of body contact to stop a running ball-carrier and his teammates， needs special protective equipment. In soccer， the ball is advanced toward the goal by kicking it or by butting （顶） it with the head. In American football， on the other hand， the ball is passed from hand to hand or carried in the hands across the opponents （对手） goal. These are just a few of the features which distinguish （区别） association and American football.

这是一篇用比较不同点的手法写的说明文。从文章中可以看出：however，on the other hand，in contrast，but，nevertheless等表示转折的词语常用来引导对不同点的比较。

4.定义法（definition）

定义法也是英语说明文中常用的写作手法，特别是在对具体事物概念进行说明时经常使用。定义法的基本要素是定义句。英语中常见定义句的模式是：

被定义对象is所属类别+限制性定语

可以看出，定义句中限制性定语越详细，定义就越精确，比如：

A bat is a small mouse-like animal that flies at night and feeds on（以……为食品）fruit and insects but is not a bird.

其实，在英—英词典中，对英语单词的英文解释就是定义法的典型例子。比如，看看Longman词典对student和teacher的定义是很有意思的：A student is a person who is studying at a place of education or training. A teacher is a person who gives knowledge or skill to sb. as a profession （专业）。

5.顺序法（sequence of time， space and process）

顺序法是指按时间、空间或过程的顺序进行说明的一种写作手法。比如按照时间顺序介绍一个科学家的生平，用空间顺序阐述逐渐开发西部的重要意义，用过程顺序法解释葡萄酒的生产过程等等。

下面这篇学生作文就是用顺序法写成的：

Coal

Coal underwent （经受） many changes before it became the bright， brittle （脆的）， black substance which we now use. During ancient times （在上古时代）， when the earth enjoyed a very warm and wet climate， the land was covered with large forests and big plants. As time went on， the ground changed and began to sink （下沉） a little. These very large numbers of trees and vegetables received a deposit （沉淀） of sand and clay. This layer of sand and clay pressed upon the layer beneath and prevented it from contact with air. These trees and plants received the pres sure and changed its appearance.

Generations after generations （几世纪后）， as the ground kept gradually sinking， another layer of sand and clay was again deposited （积聚） above the layers already formed. A great pressure was thus exerted （作用） and the peat （泥煤） was changed into the black and brittle substance which is known as coal.

Coal is a kind of mineral which is formed by nature as above stated. It is an important industrial material and is chiefly used as fuel. It is very valuable in the industrial world. The place where coal deposit is called a coal mine （煤矿）。 In China， coal mines are largely found in the north-west part of the country. Shanxi is a famous province for producing coal. It has the most coal of China.

6.分类法（classification）

分类法是将写作对象进行分类说明的一种写作手法。比如：著名的英国哲学家弗朗西斯·培根（Francis Bacon）在其脍炙人口的《谈读书》（Of Studies）一文中就用到了分类法：

Some books are to be tasted， others to be swallowed， and some few to be chewed and digested， that is， some books are to be read only in parts， others to be read， but not curiously， and some few to be read wholly， and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy， and extracts made of them by others； but that would be only in the less important arguments， and the meaner sort of books…

参考译文：书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读，取其所需摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者……

——转摘自《英汉翻译教程》（张培基等）

可见，如果能够根据具体情况，选用合适的写作手法，就可为文章增添无穷的魅力。

除了上述提到的6种展开英语说明文主题的写作方法之外，还有因果法、归纳法等其他方法。但相比之下，对于中学生来说，上述6种方法是首先值得掌握的。另外必须指出的是：在一篇文章中往往是以一种写作手法为主，同时辅以其他写作手法。有时，甚至会几种写作手法混用而不分主次。因此，必须根据具体情况，选用合适的展开主题的写作手法，才能写出优秀的英语说明文。

1.至于我，在某种程度上我同意后面的观点，我认为……

As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent.I think that ____。

2.总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注……这个问题。只有这样，我们才能在将来……

In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______.Only in this way can ______in the future。

3.但是，……和……都有它们各自的优势(好处)。例如，……，而……然而，把这两者相比较，我更倾向于(喜欢)……

But ______and ______have their own advantages.For example, _____, while_____.Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to______。

4.就我个人而言，我相信……，因此，我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为……

Personally, I believe that_____.Consequently, Im confident that a bright future is awaiting us because______。

5.随着社会的发展，……因此，迫切需要……如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自已的一份力量，这个社会将要变得越来越好。

With the development of society, ______.So it“s urgent and necessary to ____.If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better。

6.至于我(对我来说，就我而言)，我认为……更合理。只有这样，我们才能……

For my part, I think it reasonable to_____.Only in this way can you _____。

7.对我来说，我认为有必要……原因如下：第一，……; 第二，……;最后……但同样重要的是……

In my opinion, I think it necessary to____.The reasons are as follows.First _____.Second ______.Last but not least,______。

8.在总体上很难说……是好还是坏，因为它在很大程度上取决于……的形势。然而，就我个人而言，我发现……

It is difficult to say whether _____is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of______.However, from a personal point of view find______。

9.综上所述，我们可以清楚地得出结论……

From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that____。

10.如果我们不采取有效的方法，就可能控制不了这种趋势，就会出现一些意想不到的不良后果，所以，我们应该做的是……

If we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is_____。

What are the purposes of places such as museums and how should they be funded?

Nowhere in the world has the issue of museums progress been so much debated as in our society. Nowadays, more and more museums have to face the serious economic problem. Therefore, many people doubt museums existent signification. In this essay we will discuss the existent signification of museum and the solutions, such as buying by government and supporting by society

Firstly, museum is considered the historical symbol that it exhibits traditional culture of a nation. Nations of difference have different culture and history. The museum is the best way to let the younger generation savvy their ancestors history and let visitors and foreigners know varied culture and tradition.

Secondly, museum could save plenty of cultural relics that they are not destroyed and lost. The equipments of museum could perfectly save all kinds of displays.

As a result of the future of museum, the outlook is somewhat grim. People already realize this problem exists and are trying to solve it.

For one solution, the government ought to buy all museums. If museum belong to government, it will means main economic problem of museum is solved.

The second solution is that society ought to donate lots of money to maintain development of museum. The museum protects our history and culture, so we have obligation to support progress of museum.

The important thing is to protect current museums before its too late. Otherwise we will lose them.

博物馆的发展问题诸如博物馆和怎样资助他们的目的是什么？在世界上没有一个地方博物馆的进步问题如此多的辩论在我们的社会。如今，越来越多的博物馆不得不面对严重的经济问题。因此，许多人怀疑博物馆的存在意义。在这篇文章中我们将讨论博物馆与解的存在意义，如购买政府和社会的支持首先，博物馆被认为是具有民族传统文化符号的历史。国家有不同的文化和历史的差异。博物馆是最好的方式，让年轻一代精明的祖先的历史，让游客和外国人了解不同的文化和传统。其次，博物馆可以保存文物丰富，他们不被破坏和丢失。博物馆的设备能够很好地保存各种显示器。由于博物馆的未来，前景是有点残酷。人们已经意识到这个问题的存在，并试图解决它。作为一个解决方案，政府应该购买所有的博物馆。如果博物馆属于政府，这将意味着博物馆的主要经济问题。其次，社会应该捐了一大笔钱来维持博物馆的发展。博物馆保护我们的历史和文化，所以我们要支持进步博物馆的义务。重要的是要在为时已晚之前保护现有的博物馆。否则，我们将失去他们。

[中考英语关于博物馆的发展问题作文

1. I have nothing against something. But … 我并不反对某事，但…

2. I think it’s time we put a stop to something. 我认为是我们停止某事的时候了。(it’s time (that) 后的从句要用虚拟，既(should)+动词原形)

3. I find the statement of … to be too narrow. 我觉得…的观点过于狭隘。

4. I can tell you from experience that … 凭我的经验可以告诉你…

5. Personally, I am standing on the side of … 就个人而言，我站在…的一边。

6. Although doing something might seem a wild idea, I believe that … 虽然做某事似乎狂妄，但我相信…

7. At an individual level, I feel that … 从我个人的角度出发，我觉得…

8. I sincerely believe that … 我真诚地相信…

9. But for me, I would rather think of the matter in an (optimistic) way. 至于我，我宁愿以乐观的态度来看待这一问题。

10. But I do not think that this view can hold water. 但我并不认为这一观点能站得住脚。

11. It is not half so important to do something as it is to do something. 和做某事相比，做某事的重要性连一半都不及。

12. There are some people who hold that …. And on the other hand, there are some other people whoargue that…. Both opinions are very popular…. But I cannot accept either view. 有一些人认为…，然而还有另外一些人认为…。上述两种观点都很流行，但我两种观点都不能接受。

13. Although many people (believe) that …, I doubt whether the (argument) bears further (analysis). 虽然有许多人相信…，但我怀疑这个论点能否经得起进一步的推敲。

14. In my opinion, it is more advisable to do something than to do something. 在我看来，做…比做…更明智。

15. In the nationwide discussion, many people suggest that …. But I argue that … 在全国范围内的讨论中，许多人提出…。但我却认为… (该句suggest引导的从句应用虚拟。)

16. As opposed to widely held belief, I believe that … 与普遍接受的看法不同，我认为…

17. From a personal perspective, I also prefer to … 从个人的角度来看，我也喜欢…

18. Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why I would choose to …最后，坦白地讲，我选择…还有一个更为现实的原因。( 励志天下 www.cnfla.net )

19. Some people think that …. To be frank, I cannot agree with their opinion for the reasons below. 一些人认为…，坦白地讲，我不赞同他们的观点，理由如下：

20. The situation is not rare. It is one of many examples I have encountered. 这种情景并不少见，它也是我遇到的许多情况之一。

21. 37) There is another reason why I cast my preference for … 我倾向于…还有另外一个原因。

22. As for me, I am on the latter part of the argument. The reasons are as follows. 至于我，我支持争论的后半部分。原因如下：

23. From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second. 在我看来，支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理。

24. The following reasons can account for my inclination. 如下的原因可解释我的倾向。

25. To make myself as plain as I can, I should give my standards for … 为使我的观点更加清楚，我给出我关于…的标准。

26. I disbelieve, and therefore strongly resent, the claim that … 我不相信，因此强烈反对，这一主张，即…

27. My final and perhaps my best reason for not doing something is … 我不做某事最终的，或许最好的理由是…

28. For the same reason, it matters to me that … 同样原因，我很在乎…

29. For these reason, I recommend that … 出于这些原因，我推荐/建议… (recommend做建议讲时，接从句要用虚拟，即谓语用(should)+动词原形)

30. My answer is that …. I have several reasons, and they’re good ones. The first is the one that … 我的回答是…。我有几个理由而且它们是很充分的理由。第一个是…

赵氏孤儿

有一出古戏叫《赵氏孤儿》，演的是一个真实的历史故事。其中就有两个人以生命为代价信守诺言的情节。春秋时候，赵国有个忠臣赵奢，遭到奸臣屠岸贾的诬陷，被杀了。临刑前，赵奢对他的两个门客程婴和杵臼说：“我死后，你们一定想办法保住我的儿子，日后让他为我报仇，除掉屠岸贾这一帮祸国殃民的坏蛋。”两人郑重地答应了。

赵奢被害后，他们两人就历尽千辛万苦去实践自己的诺言。赵奢的妻子是赵王的女儿，带着儿子住在王宫里。他们估计赵奢的妻子不会被害，但赵奢的儿子有可能保不住，就设法把他从宫里偷出来。当时这孩子只有半岁。程婴也有个半岁的儿子，就把他放在程婴家一块养。但是，很快屠岸贾发现孩子不在宫中，就到处搜查，查了个把月，没有查到。这家伙恼羞成怒，一定要斩草除根，命令全国搜查;若查不出来，就把全国三3个月以上、1岁以下的孩子全部杀光。

程婴、杵臼看到这种情况，于心不忍，就商量出一个既要保住全国的孩子，又要保全赵氏孤儿的办法，拿程婴的儿子冒充赵氏孤儿，献出去。由谁来献呢?献孩子的要受到正直之士的谴责，保藏孩子的则肯定活不了。最后杵白说：“让我去死吧。我年纪大些，今后抚养的任务很重，时间也长，再说你能文能武，留下来也比我有用些。”于是杵臼把程婴的儿子藏在自己家里，而程婴去“告密”，并带人到杵臼家里去搜，果然搜出个孩子，当着程婴的面就摔死了。

大家想想，虽然是瞒哄了屠岸贾，但眼看着自己的亲生儿子被摔死，心里有多难受!而且这种难受还不能有任何表现，要装出极力讨好屠岸贾的样子来。当时屠岸贾要赏程婴一笔钱并给他官做。程婴说：“您多赏点钱，我不做官，我出卖了朋友，人家会骂我，不如多拿点钱远远离开京城，找个地方隐居起来。”屠岸贾误认为程婴是跟自己一样的势利之徒，没有多想就同意了，给了一大笔钱。程婴带着钱和赵氏孤儿藏在深山里。一躲19年，不仅把赵氏孤儿培养成人了，而且调教得能文能武。程婴这才告诉这孤儿19年来的事情经过，赵氏孤儿最后终于在程婴的帮助下，报了仇，把屠岸贾一伙全杀了，把赵奢的案子也翻了。程婴和杵臼真可谓“一诺千金”，是古代讲信用的典型。