高中作文英语范文带翻译精品20篇

It goes without saying that english plays an important role in our modern

society. english is an international language. wherever you go, you can hear

english spoken by many people.

From this point of view, it is true that english is important to our daily

life. learning english is like learning to swim or learning to play ball. our

primary trouble is that we have tackled the study of language from the wrong

end. we are like theman who thinks he can learn to swim only by reading books

about swimming. in actuality, we learn by doing. the grammatical rules are

valuable as we plunge into the language and need some assistance. in the same

way, advanced instructions about swimming are helpful as we learn something from

actual experience in the water. but reading books never makes a swimmer and

learning rules never makes a practical linguist. the regular procedure in

learning english involves listening first, to be followed by speaking. then

comes reading, and finally the writing of the language. the way you learn

english is much the same as the way you learned your own language.

First of all you must listen and then repeat and repeat until you can use

the language easily. in other words, you have to build up language habits in

english just as you build up english habits in your own language. to sum up, we

must bear in mind that nobody can learn to swim for you. nobody can learn to

play ball for you. nobody can learn english for you. its up to you. you must

learn for yourself and you will learn if you really want to and are willing to

practice.

the 15-day celebration of chinese new year

the first day of the lunar new year is the welcoming of the gods of the heavens and earth.many people abstain from meat on the first day of the new year because it is believed that this will ensure long and happy lives for them.

on the second day, the chinese pray to their ancestors as well as to all the gods. they are extra kind to dogs and feed them well as it is believed that the second day is the birthday of all dogs.

the third and fourth days are for the sons-in-laws to pay respect to their parents-in-law.

the fifth day is called po woo. on that day people stay home to welcome the god of wealth. no one visits families and friends on the fifth day because it will bring both parties bad luck.

on the sixth to the 10th day, the chinese visit their relatives and friends freely. they also visit the temples to pray for good fortune and health.

the seventh day of the new year is the day for farmers to display their produce. these farmers make a drink from seven types of vegetables to celebrate the occasion. the seventh day is also considered the birthday of human beings. noodles are eaten to promote longevity and raw fish for success.

on the eighth day the fujian people have another family reunion dinner, and at midnight they pray to tian gong, the god of heaven.

the ninth day is to make offerings to the jade emperor.

the 10th through the 12th are days that

[高中关于元宵节的英语作文

After seeing so many movies about the youth, we are starting to wonder about what do we have in our youth, the fight, the drink or the love?

My answer is no.

What we see from the movie is not true, the plots are exaggerated and misunderstood.

For students, their youth is the process of fighting. They have studied so hard to realize their dreams.

When they are in primary school, they want to do well and make their parents be proud of them.

When they are in middle school and high school, they need to take part in the exams so as to enter the better future schools.

Even they are in college, they still need to study and fight for the ideal job. There is no doubt that most people keep fighting for their future and this is the memory of youth.

看了很多关于青春的电影之后,我们开始思考我们的青春有什么,打架,喝酒或谈恋爱?我的答案是否定的。

我们从电影看到的是不正确的,故事情节被夸大了,也被误解了。对于学生,他们的青春是战斗的过程。他们努力学习来实现梦想。

在上小学的时候,他们想要做的很好,让父母为他们感到骄傲。当他们在初中和高中的时候,需要参加考试,以便将来进入更好的学校。甚至在大学,他们仍然需要学习和争取理想的工作。毫无疑问,大多数人一直在为自己的未来奋斗,这是青春的记忆。

[高中英语作文：青春的记忆

I woke up at two oclock in the afternoon today. There was nothing to eat

in the house so I went outside.

I wanted to go to a cheap restaurant and find some food to eat. When I got

to the restaurant, I realized that I forgot to bring money, so I went back

home.

Then I realized that I forgot my keys also, so I waited outside for my mom

to come home and starved the rest of the day.

参考翻译

我今天下午二点醒来。屋子里没东西吃，所以我出去了。

我想去一家便宜的餐馆找些吃的。当我到餐厅的时候，我意识到我忘记带钱了，所以我就回家了。

然后我意识到我也忘了带钥匙，所以我在外面等我妈妈回家，并在之后的时间里一直饿着。

In China, people treat the family as a very important union, families get

together now and then, even the kids get married, they still treat their parents

in the first place. So the family means so much to everyone, family has great

influence on them. When the family gets on well, people can focus their mind to

work, they don’t need to worry about other issues. It is reported that the

people live in a harmonious environment are more easy to get succeed, which

reflects the importance of the family. While people who live in a unharmonious

family are easily distracted from work, because besides the work issues, they

also have family annoyance. So the family is very important, we should keep in

touch with family members often, even though we are busy, we should go home

often, never let the work occupancies you.

假如我是……(If I were……)

中文假如我是...

假如我是老师，我对待学生一定不像是对待不懂事的孩子那样，不会惩罚似的给他们留永远也做不完的作业。我会让学生们喜欢我，而不是害怕我。我不会像圣人一 样地处处说教。如果我是老师，我会和学生们成为平等的好朋友，尊重他们，理解他们。使他们以学习为乐，而不是把学习当成一种负担。

英文译文：If I were……

If I were a teacher, I would not treat my students just as some know-nothing kids. I wouldn‘t give them homework that can never be done.If I were a teacher, I would try my best to let them like me, not be afraid of me. I wouldn‘t teach them just as if I were a sage. If I were a teacher, I would make friends with my students. I would respect them and understand them. If I were a teacher, I would make study a happy thing to my students, but not a burden to them.

[高中英语作文:假如我是……

英语作文自我介绍带翻译

To introduce myself(介绍我自己)

Hello,every one!(大家好)

My name is **** . (我叫****)

Im a 15 years old boy. (我是一个15岁的男孩)(具体情况自己改) I live in the beautiful city of Rizhao.(我住在美丽的Rizhao城)(你可以把Rizhao改成自己家乡的城市的名称的拼音)

Im an active ,lovely and clever boy.(我是一个活跃的可爱的聪明的男孩)

In the school , my favourite subject is maths .(在学校，我最喜欢数学)

Perhaps someone thinks its difficult to study well .(也许有些人认为这很难学)

But I like it.(但我喜欢他)

I belive that if you try your best, everything can be done well.(我相信每件事付出努力就会有害结果)

I also like sports very much.(我也很喜欢运动)

Such as,running,volleyball and so on. (像跑步、排球等等) Im kind-hearted.(我很热心)

If you need help ,please come to me .(如果你需要帮助，就来找我) I hope we can be good friends!(我希望我们能成为好朋友) OK.This is me .A sunny boy.(好了，这就是我，一个阳光男孩

Which is more important, health or wealth? When given this question, different people have varied answers. Some insist that health plays a more important role in our life, while others see more advantages arising from wealth.

健康和财富，哪个更重要?当这个问题被提出来的时候，不同的人有不同的答案。有些人坚持认为，在我们生活中，健康扮演者更为重要的角色，然而其他人认为健康能带给我们更多利益。

The first group of people quote the old saying "Health is above wealth" to prove their idea. They argue that, on the one hand, a strong person can do almost anything as long as he/she tries hard. On the other hand, however, rich people will not be able to enjoy the wealth if their days are numbered.

支持健康更重要的人引用了一句俗语“健康就是财富”来证明他们的观点(是正确的)。他们认为，在某一方面来说，强壮的人，只要他们肯努力，那他们几乎能做任何事情。可是，从另一方面来说，如果有钱人活着的日子屈指可数的话，那他们将没法享受健康。

In contrast, the advocates of wealth have such arguments as follows. For one thing, wealthy people will be able to buy more healthful foods. For another, they can enjoy better facilities to improve their health. Take my neighbor, Lao Wang, as an example. He had a heart attack and is in hospital. However, he cannot afford the expensive operation, which costs as much as 100,000 yuan. Therefore, he has to lie in bed hopelessly. If he were a rich man, his life could be saved.

相反地，支持财富更为重要的人就有以下的争论。首先，有钱的人能买到更有益健康的食物。其次，他们可以享受能提高健康的设备。举个例子来说，我的邻居老王，他有严重的心脏病，并且正在住院(接受治疗)。可是，他没办法负担高达100，000的手术治疗费.因此，他只能毫无希望地躺在病床上。如果他是一个有钱人，那他就能得到治疗。

As far as I am concerned, both health and wealth are important to our life. We should try to strike a balance between them and gain wealth with a healthy body.

我认为，健康和财富对我们生活都很重要。我们应该努力试着在这两者之间做到平衡，并将财富与健康的身体相伴。

Cooperation and competition are both important. They are attributes(归因于,属性) which are equally necessary for a person to achieve success in his life.

Learn to be cooperative. No one likes a selfish, greedy, or arrogant(自大的) individual. However, everyone likes a considerate(体谅的) and cooperative person. Everything we do today, whether in doing business or making friends, depend upon our ability to get along with one another. In our society, most tasks demand the cooperation of many individuals so that they can be accomplished effectively. In this situation, we must be supportive(支援的) and cooperative. Each person is like a small part of a machine. If only one part is out of order, the machine can’t be running well. Besides, transportation and communication systems are rapidly developing and people all over the world can get in touch with each other more easily. It is hard for a person who is isolated(孤立的) from the society to have a deep understanding of the world he lives and to accomplish(实现) a feat(功绩) in his career. Cooperation is becoming more and more important for a person to earn a good life.

Being competitive also has a place in life. If you want to achieve more success and be better than others, you must work harder, study more diligently(勤奋地), and adapt yourself to competition. The desire to succeed and do better than others inspires(激励) us to work harder. If there were no competition, a sports meet would never be exciting and successful, and we would never have champions(冠军的地位).

No doubt, we often find there is an inseparable(不可分离的) relationship between competition and cooperation. In a football match, either team is competing with other. But each member of the team is cooperating with his teammates.

We cooperate with others to be more competitive; we compete to earn a better environment for cooperation. Thus we can make progress(前进) continuously. Only competition together with cooperation leads us to realizze our goals and satisfy our needs.

合作和竞争都很重要。他们的属性（归因于，属性）这对于一个人生活中取得成功。

学会合作。没有人喜欢自私，贪婪，傲慢（自大的）个人。然而，每个人都喜欢一个体贴的（体谅的）合作的人。我们今天所做的一切，无论是做生意还是交朋友，都取决于我们与他人相处的能力。在我们的社会中，大多数的任务需要许多人的合作，使他们能够有效地完成任务。在这种情况下，我们必须支持（支援的）合作。每个人都像一台机器的小部分。如果只有一个零件是无法运行的，机器就不能正常运行。此外，交通和通信系统正在迅速发展，世界各地的人们可以更容易地接触到彼此。一个人是孤立的很（孤立的）从社会有很深的了解他生活和世界（实现）完成的壮举（功绩）在他的职业生涯。合作变得越来越重要，为一个人赚一个好的生活。

竞争也在生活中有一席之地。如果你想取得更大的成功，要比别人更好，你必须更努力，更勤奋的学习（勤奋地），和适应竞争。对成功的渴望，比别人做的更好（激励）激励我们更努力的工作。如果没有竞争，运动会不会有令人兴奋的成功，我们也不会有冠军（冠军的地位）。

毫无疑问，我们经常发现有一个不可分割的（不可分离的）竞争与合作的关系。在一场足球比赛中，任何一支球队都在与其他球队竞争。但是团队中的每一个成员都与队友合作。

我们与其他人合作，以更具竞争性；我们竞争以获得更好的合作环境。因此，我们可以不断进步（前进）。只有竞争，合作，使我们实现我们的目标，满足我们的需求。

[关于竞争与合作的英语作文及翻译

Today was the second day of our Hong Kong visit. I was very happy as

yesterday. But I felt tired a lot. I didn’t want to stay at guesthouse, so I

planted to go window-shopping with my parents in Times Square. There were many

kinds of goods, but you could choose the one you liked best easily。Also, there

were many designer-label stores in Times Square, such as

DNKY、MAXMARA、MAX&CO、BOSS and so on. Among others, there was a famous

bookstore called PAGEONE.At last, I bought a beautiful skirt(你好像是女的吧)and some

books。Then I was exhausted but I didn’t care in the slightest(可以换成not at all

)。

今天是我们香港之旅的第二天。我和昨天一样开心，但是我感到有点累了。我不想呆在宾馆里面，所以我打算和我的父母在“时代广场”去逛街。这里有各种各样的商品，但是你可以轻松的找到你最喜欢的。同样，这里面有许多的品牌店在“时代广场”，例如DNKY、MAXMARA、MAX&CO、BOSS等等。最值得一提的是，这里有一家著名的书店叫PAGEONE.。最后我买了一件漂亮的裙子和一些书。我已经筋疲力尽了但是我一点都不在乎。

The after-class activities in my school are colorful. Every day we play basketball, football, do rope skipping and so on. But I like the Month of Science and Technology and the Cultural Festival most. In those days, we have a chance: to show ourselves to all the students. We can invent something with some classmates. And we can act in a play or make a speech or take part in the competition of singing. I enjoy myseff in those activities.

我们学校的课外活动丰富多彩。每天我们打篮球、踢足球、跳绳等等。但是我最喜欢科技月和文化节。那时我们有机会向所有学生展示我们自己。我们可以和其他同学一起做小发明。我们还可以表演、演讲或参加唱歌比赛。我非常喜欢这些活动。

Every child is surrounded by the deep mother love. However, we often turn a

blind eye to the love. One day I deeply felt the love.

One day I hurried home for lunch after school, because there would be an exam

in the afternoon and I had expected to go back to school early to prepare for

the exam. But when I got home, the lunch was not ready yet. I felt unhappy. When

the dishes were served, I forund none I like. I ran out of my house angrily and

wanderde on the street for a while,hungry. Then I walked to school.

When I got into the classroom, I saw a lunch box on my desk. One classmate

told me that it was my mother ther that had brought it here.After opening the

box, I found my favorite food inside. My eyes was moist with tears.

Mother gave me her love without asking for return, How deep mother love

is!

Life is each person s wealth, because the world with life and colorful, full of vigour, let us love and cherish own life, seize every minute of life. Life is short, be gone for ever, human life is fleeting, time can not be reversed, we can only in a limited life infinite brilliance.

That day, my good friend clay came to my house to play, my mother know, immediately do a lot of delicious to clay. When we have fun when, suddenly, clay fainted. Mom saw mud, immediately sent to hospital. After the doctor s detailed inspection, the final judgment is had leukemia. Doctor for my mother said: oh! The child to live no longer than four months, if you come a little earlier treatment, it is no big deal. But now... Alas! Mother pale, said to the doctor: doctor, do not save? The doctor reluctantly shook his head. At that moment, I have tears in eyes is the best, but couldn t flow down. I think: why the event would fall in my good friend why, why! My mother said to me: my daughter, you don t cry. We don t know if that mud, mud know she will be very sad, you promised mom don t tell clay, okay? I cried and said: Mom and I promise you, I will not tell her.

We came to the clay ward, pretending to be happy. For I in the four months to make clay can happy every day, make clay in full every day, I spend a lot of time. But time always flies so fast, I am very sad, because I know the clay have not much time.

[热爱生命高中生英语作文

早晨，我被噼里啪啦的炮声惊醒了，原来，今天是元霄节啊，我飞快的爬起来，和妈妈去姨姨家过节。

In the morning, I was produced crackling of guns to awaken, turns out today

is The Lantern Festival ah, I climb up quickly, and her mother went homes

feast.

在姨姨家，我和妈妈度过快乐的一天。

In the homes, my mother and I spent a happy day.

晚上回家时，刚走出姨姨家，我和妈妈就被突然响起的炮声包围了，妈妈吓得捂住耳朵躲在一辆小车的后面，而我却兴奋地直往前冲，当炮声小一点的时候，我妈妈才慢慢地探出头来，我一把拉住妈妈的手向大门跑去，费了好大功夫，我们才逃出炮的包围圈，我们坐上一辆出租车，这才松了一口气。

Go home at night, fresh out ofs home, my mother and I were sudden sound of

guns surrounded, mother scared to cover your ears hiding in a small car back,

and I was excited straight forward blunt, when guns small bit of time, my mother

just slowly explore successful in career, I a pull a mothers hand to the gate

ran, and made an effort, we just escaped from the gun battalion, we took a taxi,

this just breathe a sigh of relief.

啊!这个元霄节过得真刺激呀!

The Lantern Festival is really exciting!

★高中英语日记100字★

★初中英语日记范文★

★小学英语日记带翻译★

★儿童节英语日记★

Yesterday was my birthday， so some of my classmates sent me presents。 Mother prepared a tea party for me。 I invited all of them to e and take part in it。The tea party began at half past six。 There were cold drinks and refreshments。 We ate， talked and laughed。 We felt that we were the happest men in the world。翻译：昨日是我生日，所以有几位我的同班同学送我礼。母亲给我准备一个茶会。我邀请他们都前来参加。茶会下午六点半开始。有冷饮和点心。我们又吃又谈又笑。我们觉得是世界上最快乐的人。

Food

safety has been closely watched, because our everyday life simply can not do

without food. Everyone knows this, but always some people again, lets worry

about it, whether our food safety and health.

Recently

of malachite green, Sudan red, and so on have been "destroyed" and are these

hearts duck eggs, and havent been solved completely. But even if they now have

to solve, but we also have to worry about "they" will not back not just in the

future? Thought of here, I cant help but think constantly behind the scenes

"make" the food of a few to endanger the safety of life. So I just sent a such

doubts are these people for the sake of what? I want to or for a word - money,

money is the devils bait. Because of the money, how many times this happened in

the world of murder, robbery and theft? Who would have thought such a sum of

money, is want to jail and the court criminal "supplier"?

Is

because the money has arisen: artificial sweetener, saccharin sodium, cyclamate

and preservatives (sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate), etc. The use of food

additives. Therefore, I very want to some people dont understand, how many

people did their "product" harm? There are a lot of people after eating these

so-called "health and safe food" and diarrhea and vomiting, and even lost his

life!

However,

I think, in addition to criticise those who only know to make money and people

who do not care about their health and safety, we also need to improve their

awareness.

Such

as: apple too shiny instructions may be played in a wax. White spot on the

grapes too much may be excessive pesticide use.

These

instructions, defense artificially added chemicals in food, some harmful

substance is but with the naked eye or simple method of inspection.

We

should pay attention to food safety, want to for the sake of our health and make

great efforts, to strive for the sake of our civilization.

食品安全一直倍受关注，因为我们的日常生活根本离不开食品。所有人都知道这一点，但又总一些人，让我们担心，我们的食品是否安全，是否卫生。

最近的孔雀石绿、苏丹红等这些是已经被“消灭”了还有红心鸭蛋等还没完全被解决的。不过就算它们现在已经给解决了，可是我们还要担心“它们”还会不会在不就的将来卷土重来呢?想到这里，我就不禁想到了在幕后不断“制造”这一些危害人生安全的食品的人。于是我就发出了这样的疑惑这些人是为了什么?我想还是为了一个字——钱，钱是魔鬼得意的诱饵。因为钱，这世界上发生过多少次的谋杀、抢劫和盗窃?谁能想到这么一张张的钱币，竟是想监狱和法庭输送罪犯的“供应商”?

也就是因为了钱产生了：人工合成甜味剂(糖精钠、甜蜜素)和防腐剂(苯甲酸钠、山梨酸钾)等食品添加剂的使用情况。因此，我十分的想些人明不明白，他们的“产品”危害了多少人?有许多的人因为吃了这些所谓的“卫生、安全食品”而上吐下泻乃至丢了性命的!

不过，我想，除了批评那些只知道赚钱而不顾及他们身体健康、安全的人以外，我们还要提高自己的防范意识!

如：苹果过于的`发亮说明苹果可能打过蜡。葡萄上的白斑过多可能就是农药使用过量。

这些说明，防御食品中人为的添加化学物质、有害物质有些是可是用肉眼或简单的方法检验出来的。

我们要关注食品安全，要为了我们的健康而努力，要为了我们的文明而努力。

the mid-autumn is a very important chinese festival. it falls on the 15th day of august. a few days before the festival, everyone in the family will help to make the house clean and beautiful. lanterns will be hung in front of the house.

on the evening there will be a big family dinner. people who work far away from their homes will try to come back for the union. after dinner, people will light the lanterns which are usually red and round. children will play with their own toy lanterns happily.

at night the moon is usually round and bright. people can enjoy the moon while eating moon-cakes which are the special food for this festival. they can look back on the past and look forward to the future together. it is said that there was a dragon in the sky. the dragon wanted to swallow up the moon. to protect the frighten the dragon away.

中秋节是中国一个很重要的节日，在八月十五号。在节日来临的前几天，家庭中的每一个人都帮着打扫房子，把房子装扮得漂漂亮亮的，灯笼挂在屋前。

晚上有一顿美餐，离家在外工作的人也要回来团圆。晚饭后，人们点亮灯笼，一般是红色的圆灯笼。孩子们会高高兴兴地玩他们的玩具灯笼。

晚上月亮又圆又大，人们在赏月的同时吃着中秋节特别的食品——月饼。人们在一起回顾过去，展望未来。据说天上有一条龙，它要把月亮吞下去。为了保护月亮，孩子们要弄出很大的响动把龙吓跑。

[关于中秋节的英语作文（中英翻译）

一、形成性评价的概念

形成性评价(Formative Assessment)是美国评价学专家斯克里芬在1967年在其所著的《评论方法论》里提出来的。所谓的形成性评价是相对于传统的终结性评价(Summative Assessment)而言的，指的是对学生日常学习过程中的表现、所取得的成绩及所反映出来的情感、态度和策略方面的发展做出的评价，这种评价是通过对学生学习的整个过程持续观察、记录和反思之后得出来的。

形成性评价的目的是为了激励学生学习，帮助学生调控自己的学习过程。让学生获得成就感，增强其自信心和团结合作精神，让学生从被动接受评价变成一个评价的主体和积极参与者。形成性评价能够帮助教师了解学生的学习情况，从而制定下一步的教学计划。与终结性评价相比，形成性评价不只以考试成绩来衡量学生的学习情况，它更加灵活方便，也更加科学有效。形成性评价注重对学生学习行为和表现的评估，能够有效发挥学生的主动性和创造性，有利于培养学生的学习兴趣，也能够有效提高学生的自信心。

在英语口语教学中运用形成性评价，能够让学生在课堂中互相评价，增强学生参与课堂教学的积极性，在提高英语口语能力的同时体会到成功的快乐，形成一个教师与学生、学生与学生之间良好互动的课堂。形成性评价注重开发学生的创新能力和思考能力，而要培养这些能力就必须依靠坚持不懈的学习和运用来完成。

二、形成性评价的方法与工具

首先，一般而言，形成性评价的方法大致分为：自我评价、同伴互评和教师评价。

自我评价是指学生在学习的过程中就自己学习进程中的某个阶段性成果的总结和评价。自我评价是形成性评价中尤为重要的评价方法，只有通过自我评价才能尽力发挥其的主观能动性，积极主动地参与课堂教学活动。只有主观积极地参与课堂，就自己不同阶段的水平，才能更好地定位自己进一步的目标，并在课程初期、中期及末期分别给予自己相对客观中肯的评价，以促进下一阶段的学习。

同伴互评是指在课堂活动中，就某一活动进行同学之间的评价，评价包括学习态度、学习能力及学习方法的评价。在同伴互评的过程中，学生们可以相互探讨学习方法、交流学习心得、提出改进的建议和意见。同伴之间相互比较、竞争，相互取长补短，既增强了合作精神又促进了学习能力和学习效率的提升。同伴互评作为形成性评价重要的方法之一，其评价形式既增强了课堂的趣味性又增强了学生的学习自信心和学习热情。

课堂学习的主体是学生，但是学习评价的主体却是教师。形成性评价侧重过程教育，在教学过程中，根据需要调整教学计划和内容，该评价尤其重视学生与教师在课堂的共同参与度，而非教师“一言堂”。首先，教师在教学过程中设定好学生自我评价与同伴评价的量化标准，列好学生自我评价和同伴评价的核查表；其次，学生根据核查表才可有的放矢，对照核查表所列的内容一一检查，每节课后，客观公正地给予自己和他人中肯的评价；最后，结合学生自我评价和同伴评价的反馈结果，教师针对学生课堂上的表现，纵向对比某一特定学生评价前后的差异，或者横向比较某一特定组别在同一活动中每位学生各项指标的完成情况，同时，以多种形式反馈给学生并提出整改意见。因而，在教学的不同阶段，根据学生的能力发展状况，教师可适时调整评价方式，不断改进教学方法和教学手段。

只有将自我评价、同伴评价与教师评价结合在一起评价方式才能保证较好的教学效果，才能促进教育改革的进一步深化，真正达到以素质教育培养复合型人才的终极目标。

其次，形成性评价的行为评估工具有课堂观察、学生档案、座谈、问卷调查、访谈和对话周记等。如何运用以及怎样运用这些评价工具要根据所授课程、课程目标和授课对象等诸多因素做适当调整。

课堂观察是教学行为和技巧的基本方式。根据Genesee and Upshur(2001:79)的观点，教师在观察的基础上，可以评估学生已掌握和未掌握的内容。换言之，教师应该评估促进或阻碍学生学习的策略。与此同时，教师还可评估一些特定的教学策略的有效性，确定学生们欣赏哪些课堂活动和形式。课堂观察有助于教师更好地了解课程设计和学生需求的契合度。通过正式或非正式的观察，教师可掌握大多数学生对于教学安排的可接受程度，根据学生的需求改进或调整教学安排等，以提升教学效果。

“questionnaires and interviews can all be thought of as conversations between students and teachers”（Genesee and Upshur，2001:136）。如上所述，问卷调查和访谈都可被看作教师和学生间的对话，访谈和问卷调查是相似的，但决定使用访谈或者问卷调查可依据不同的教学目的。无论是哪种方式，都是老师和学生之间相对正式的会谈，这非常有利于老师对他的教学效果进行评估,诊断学生在英语学习遇到的困难，为学生寻找合适的解决问题,获得良好的学习策略和学习得到更多的进步。访谈和问卷调查设计应该根据学生的个人需求并符合教学目标。

对话周记作为教师和学生沟通的另一种方式，深受学生的喜爱。因课程设置和班级规模的不同，课堂观察、问卷调查及访谈都相对比较片面，而对话周记则可以关注到每个学生的不同需求。师生间定期通信，既增加了教师和学生之间的相互了解，增强彼此的信任，又能解决学生的个案问题，做到因材施教；同时，为了促进“教学相长”，学生可及时反馈教师的课堂教学，对于教师的教学提出较好的建议和意见。

学生档案是一个综合各项评估功能于一体的评估工具。它可以记录学生的成长、课堂变化且兼顾多种需要。如今，众多评价工具只把学生作为评价的对象，而评估的责任和任务的则落到了教师身上。但事实上，几乎没有一种评价工具能很好地管理学生活动并对其课堂行为负责。相比之下, 建立学生档案，需要学生亲力亲为；本着自我负责的原则，他们要更好地自我监督和控制，同时，在建档案的过程中，学生可以见证自己的进步与成长，增强学习的自信，提高学习的效果。

三、形成性评价对于英语口语教学的重要性与紧迫性

众所周知,教育评估在大学英语课程改革中扮演着相当重要的角色。英语教学的重点已从传播知识转移到培养能力。多年来，在中国，人们只注重英语写作和阅读的能力的提升，而一直忽视英语口语交际能力。多年来，教学评价已经被狭义理解为量化教学，而后进一步局限于教学测试。考试作为教学的终极目的，期末考试的成绩也就成为教师评价学生的最重要的依据。而对于口语课堂，单一的这种评估方式和依据增加了大多数学生的心理压力和少部分学生侥幸心理。考试成绩给学生很大压力，危害学生的发展，评估过程中，学生一直被动地参与，无法调动其积极性。当课程结束时，教师将得不到及时准确的学生反馈，无法改善评估方法以助于提高学生的英语口语能力。

“形成性评价源于诊断性测试。与终结性评价相比，形成性评价通过教学过程中多方面的评价发现问题，解决问题，强调过程性、目标性和学生学习的主动性。” (魏薇，2005) 鉴于终结性评价在口语测试评分中的片面性和主观性，大学英语口语表达能力的培养还是受到了这种终结性评价的制约。在大学英语口语教学中，形成性评价最重要的任务的是帮助教师监控学生英语口语的学习过程，提高学生的英语口语学习。如能将形成性评价的理论引入大学英语口语课堂教学与测试中，建立大学英语口语课程与形成性评价相结合的评估模式，则会推动大学英语口语教学和测试的改革进程。

鉴于口语课堂的特点，为了克服传统终结性评价对于口语课堂的制约性，形成性评价与大学英语口语教学相结合有其不可忽视的重要性和紧迫性。

首先，由于口语表达能力除了包含最基本的发音、词汇、语法能力还有语用能力、文化知识储备力等多项复杂的技能，而所有的这些技能无法在某一次测试中完全体现出来。因口语学习的最终目的是运用到相关学科、为了更好地促进国际交流。

而形成性评价尤其注重过程教学，这种评价将教学过程分成了诸多阶段，学生可在每个不同的阶段就自己的学习态度、发音、语言运用的准确性、流利程度以及课堂活动参与的积极性进行横向的同学互评和纵向的自我比较。一方面，横向比较可以找到彼此间的差距，互相帮助已达到各方面的提升；另一方面，学生可在整理学习档案的过程中，纵向比较自己前后阶段的学习情况，时刻了解自己在每个阶段的学习状况，在教师和同学的辅助下，运用不同的学习方法和策略，逐项提高自己的口语能力。 另外，教师在学生进行评价的过程中，可真实地参与并记录学生在各方面的真实水平。

其次，口语课堂实际上是教师与学生、学生与学生之间的互动交际。教师需要花费大量的时间设计口语活动、鼓励学生参与活动、监控课堂活动、诊断学生的需求和问题、记录学生的表现等。学生则在各种学习任务和活动中不断地练习、发现问题、纠正偏差。

与传统的终结性评价不同，形成性评价的最显著特征是评价的主体是学生，学生和教师共同参与课堂，缺一不可。根据多数学生的关注点，学生参与确定研究目标、评分标准和英语口语的性能评估。因而，他们了解每一项活动的任务和目标，他们可合理运用各种评价方式和工具，课前认真准备，课堂上积极参与，能与教师积极互动，课堂上客观地评价自己、同伴和教师。这不仅是一种评价过程，更是学生回归自我认同感的方式。学生增加了学习自信，在评价过程中不断积累经验，逐步获得学习成就感。教师亦可在与学生互动的过程中，更好地了解学生的知识掌握和课堂反馈情况，根据反馈适时调整教学方法。如此良性循环，既增强了课堂的趣味性又提高了学生的学习效率。

四、结语

形成性评价，作为正常教学和学习过程的有机部分，可以全面、客观、科学、准确地提供与其学习目标相关的重要信息，它有助于促进学生的个性化发展和外语教学质量的根本性提高。形成性评价其中的一个重要作用是培养学生良好的英语学习习惯。将英语形成性评价与口语教学紧密地结合在一起，能提高学生学习的兴趣并及时、准确、客观地反映学生的真实水平，使学生的英语口语能力稳步提高。通过采用具体的形成性评价方式，发展学生的自我评价与学生间相互评价的能力，以促进学生的自我反思与自我管理能力。从而提高学生自主学习意识与自主学习能力，并为他们养成终身学习的意识与习惯打下基础。

An unforgettable experience

My mom used to say that I was born to swim. But the truth is that I didn t know how to swim until the last year of my primary school!

Mom always said that I could swim in the basin when I was only two months old. I was surprised at the amazing fact. If this was true, then why was I afraid of water? I went to swim every summer, but I didn t make a little progress. I was worried and blamed myself several times. When I watched people swimming freely, how I wished I had learnt to swim!

The story of how I learnt to swim is dramatic. One hot summer afternoon, my father and I went to the swimming pool to swim. While my father was changing his clothes, I was roaming along the bank of the pool. Suddenly I heard a voice, Look out! and then came a big noise and beautiful splashes. Just when I was admiring the swimmer s skills, I slipped into the pool! I was so afraid that I shouted at once! But the water kept coming towards me and I drank a lot of it. I was moving upside down and trying to reach the bank. I was struggling very hard to keep my head above the water.

A minute was like a hundred years to me. To my surprise, I was able to keep the style! Just then, my father, saw me and he seemed to be shocked. He then said, Calm down, just wave your arms and legs like this. Right! And I got it! I finally learnt to swim! You can t imagine how happy I was and I wanted to jump for joy!

[一次难忘的经历高中英语作文

I want to be ateacher in the future, because I think teacher is a good job.

My teachers arevery good. Some of them are gentle, but some of them are not. But

I think theyall care for students very much. I want to be a good teacher like

them. I thinkI will be strict to my students in the class. But after class, I

want to betheir friend and help them in study and life. Besides, it can help me

to keep ayoung heart to stay with young students. I must work hard for my

dream.

将来我想成为一名老师，因为我觉得老师是一份好工作。我的老师都很优秀，他们有的温柔，但有的不是这样。但是，我觉得他们都很关心学生。我想成为和他们一样的好老师。我认为在课堂上我会对学生严厉，但是课后我想成为他们的朋友，在生活和学习上帮助他们。除此之外，与年轻的学生呆在一起能够使我保持年轻的心态。我一定要努力实现我的梦想。

I went to watch the movie Wolf warriors 2 today

I went to watch the movie Wolf warriors 2 today as I heard it was a big hit

in China. I am not the biggest fan of WuJing(the director and leading role of

the movie), but this movie he direct really impressed me. I have watched Wolf

Warrior which I would consider as a good movie, but II is way much better. It is

the first Chinese movie that is built on the context of African country and

actually shot in South Africa, bearing the risk of suffering the disturbance on

the set. The way the plot unfolds and the courage and patriotism is delivered to

its audience makes it more than a simple action movie. Love this movie and will

go for it a second time!

参考翻译

我今天去看了电影战狼2

当今天听到《战狼2》轰动了中国时，我就去看了这部电影。我不是吴京(这部电影的导演和主演)的死粉丝，但是他导演的这部战狼2真的令我印象深刻。我之前看过战狼，并且我认为这是不好电影，但是第二部简直是要好太多了。这是首部以非洲国家为背景的中国电影。整个剧组实际上冒着在片场遭遇动荡的风险在南非进行拍摄。情节的展开方式，以及片中体现出的勇气和爱国情怀都传递给了观众，这部电影不仅仅是一部简单的动作片。我爱这部电影，我决定将看第二遍!