高中英语旅游作文(推荐20篇)

I think most people like traveling because they can feel the beauty of the nature and breathe the fresh air at the same time.Whats more they can make friends.But there are some disadvantages of travelling,such as,the weather may change quickly and you may be wet in the rain.So my suggestion is that before you travel,you should listen to the weather report and get to know about the weather and youd better travel with others so that you are not into trouble.

The Lunar New Year

The Lunar New Year occasion to the Chinese people. It lasts about the first four days of the year, during which people do not work except for the workers on duty. Students do not go to school, and shops are closed.

Several days before the new year, people begin to prepare. Farmers kill pigs, sheep, cocks and hens. City dwellers buy meat fish and vegetables. Houses are cleaned; couplets are posted on the doors. Colourful lanterns are hung at the gate.

On the eve of the new year, each family has its members gatherd together and eats a family reunion dinner. After the meal they watch TV until the clock strickes twelve. Then every family sets off long strings of small firecrackers and other fireworks to welcome the new year. On the first day of the new year, almost everyone is dressed in his or her best. Whenpeople meet on the way, they say to each other "Happy New Year". Friends and relatives pay new year calls and gives presents to each other. Children indulge themselves in games.

春节

农历新年对中国人来说是个很重要的节日。它大约要持续4天，在这期间，除了值班人员外，人们都放假了。工人不开工，学生上不学，商店关门。

新年前几天人们就开始准备。农民们宰杀猪、鸡、羊。城市居民买肉、鱼、蔬菜。人们打扫房子，贴对联，挂彩灯。

新年除夕，各家各户围坐在一起吃团圆饭。饭后，人们看电视，到了午夜12点，在这辞旧迎新的时刻，人们燃放各种烟花炮竹来庆祝。新年第一天，即正月初一，所有的人都穿着最漂亮的衣服，路上相遇，互相道“新年好”，亲戚朋友拜年互赠礼物，孩子们尽情地玩耍。

Once Chairman Mao said one is never too old to learn, his famous words inspire people to keep learning all their lives. Since we are small, we study at school, then we have to learn until we are at college, after graduate from college, we finish our education in the school.

Then the new stage comes, we start to work, making money, learning knowledge seems unnecessary to us.

This is totally wrong, we learn all the time, even we are out of school, we have lessons from life.

Life is a big topic, we have to learn it all the time. We have to deal with trouble, learning to make friends and accept fail.

All these things we will not learn at school, we have to learn by ourselves, we are students and teachers. If you think you finish learning after school, you are narrow minded.

毛主席曾经说过“一个人要活到老学到老”，他的著名话语激励着人们终身学习。

当我们还小的时候，我们在学校学习，然后直到大学前，我们都要学习，大学毕业后，我们完成了在学校的学习。然后新的阶段到来，我们开始工作，挣钱，学习知识似乎不必要了。

这是完全错误的，我们一直学习，即使不在学校，我们学习生活。生活是一个大主题，我们不得不一直学习。我们要处理麻烦，学着交朋友和接受失败。所有的这些东西我们都不会在学校学到，我们必须自己学习，即是学生也是老师。如果你觉得你出了学校后就完成了学习，你的思想就很狭隘了。

[高中英语作文：终身学习

Luxuriant it gives us boundless endless fun. A long summer vacation to supply the vast reveals itself for the classmates of the stage. And plans to use the summer vacation time, has become our current begin to should do.

One, scientific and reasonable to develop a plan of summer vacation work.

Amount of work in the holiday, want to do the work. To put these job screening, mediation, according to the summer fair time settling, draw up a table "" summer deeds. All the cruel deeds should be carried out in accordance with the "schedule", but still need to be careful mix.

Second, serious review, welcome to scholarship test

This test is after the summer vacation the first put a summary of the semester, summer vacation, want to put the first semester studies the entire contents of the seriously review again, and to formulate a "review schedule. For good measure.

Third, develop my funny hobbies, growth of my specialty.

According to my funny hobby, takes an active part in all kinds of funny Hong shed organized group, such as: painting, calligraphy, music, English, journalism skills, grasp the skills, as to lay a foundation for the growth of the letters patent day.

Fourth, study diligently, careful accumulation, longer than writing, used motor

Manipulation of the heat I visit a few good books as points. Such as: national classics, history allusions, good books and periodicals, fables, fairy tales, etc., progress I browse ability and writing level, edify sentiment.

Else, might as well also active in the summer sports refined, help parents do more housework, experience to meet the social actual deeds... Only seize the opportunity to reveal themselves constantly, expand the line of sight, to be healthy growth.

日记是用来叙述一天中发生的有意义事件的文体。

第一，注意日记的格式：一般是左上角写当天的日期，右上角写当天的天气情况(cloudy/clear/windy/rainy/fine/snowy…)。日期通常采用两种写法：一种是按“月、日、年”顺序；另一种是按“日、月、年”的顺序。注意要在年份之前有一个逗号，而且月份通常可用缩写词（如：Jan.,Feb.,Mar.等）。如果需要写星期，可将其写在日期的前面或后面。如：Monday,May15th,2008或May15th,2008,Monday

第二，抓准日记的时态：日记记叙的时间通常是在当天的下午或晚上，因此所用的时态多为过去时态。但应灵活掌握，如果日记叙述天气、描写景色或为了描写生动，也可用现在时。

第三，日记一般按事情发生的先后顺序记述，所以常需借助一些表示先后顺序的词语，如atfirst,then,lateron,afterwards,finally,atlast等。一定要注意句与句、段与段之间的连接和过渡，适当使用一些过渡词语使其连接紧凑、过渡自然。

第四，确立日记的中心要点，尽量突出主题，可以通过对某个细节、某个侧面的描写来突出主题，千万不要写成一个流水帐。

Girls at a training course offered by the "Care for Girls" program in

Qingjian county, Shaanxi province, talked about their pursuit of dreams despite

living in unfavorable conditions.

Initiated by the National Health and Family Planning commission in 2013,

the program helps girls in underdeveloped regions to build their self-esteem and

self-confidence.

"I want to be a teacher teaching Chinese because I like Chinese and

writing," Xi said. "By teaching I can not only share knowledge with my students,

but also keep learning new things from new versions of textbooks."

She is living with her mother in a room that has no bathroom and costs 300

yuan ($48) a month to rent. Merit certificates she received from school are

displayed on the wall. Yan Lingling, Xis mother, said she is proud of her

daughter.

According to the family planning policy, couples in which both the husband

and wife have rural residential permits can have another child if their first is

a daughter. Yan said she isnt planning on adding to the family because she

wants to give her daughter the best she has.

"My husband is away most of the time, working in construction sites and

making no more than 30,000 yuan ($4,840) a year. I work as an hourly worker

sometimes. The rent of our apartment is expensive. One more child means one more

burden," Yan said.

Speaking about how she plans to achieve her dream of becoming a teacher, Xi

said: "I will not give up on my dream easily, though I know it may be difficult.

When something becomes difficult, it only makes me want to try harder."

In Chinese Spring Festival Gala, the song of Where Has the Time Gone became popular.

The words are so touching that when people listen to this song, many memories will come out.

For our parents’ generation, they married, raised the kids and then watched them become independent, how time flies.

It is just like that they became parents yesterday, and then they become grandparents today.

Time flies so fast that they don’t realize they are old. I am so thankful to my parents, for they do so many things for me.

I want to return their love, so I must become more independent and mature. So that my parents will be less worried about me and can go travel to enjoy their lives. For me, I want to cherish every moment, enjoy my own life and let the time go more slowly.

在中国的春节联欢晚会上，歌曲“时间都去哪儿了”很受欢迎。歌词很动人，以至于人们听到歌曲的时候，很多记忆都涌现出来。

对于我们父母那一代人来说，他们结婚，生孩子，然后看着孩子独立，时间过得真快啊。一切就如他们昨天成为父母，然后今天就成为了祖父母。

时间过的如此的快，他们都没有意识到自己老了。我很感激父母，因为他们为了做了那么多事情。

我想要回报他们的爱，所以我必须变得更加的独立和成熟。这样父母就不用为我操那么多的心，可以去旅游，享受生活。对于我来说，我想要珍惜每一刻，享受我的生活，让时间走得慢些。

[高中英语作文：时间都去哪儿了

27th, September of every year is World Tourism Day.

Of course, it is to advocate people to travel often.

Nowadays, as people’s living standard improve, the number and frequency of people to travel is also increasing. Why? I think it may because of the advantage of travel. First of all, travel can make people relaxed. In today’s competitive society, everyone is under great stress.

They may be crazy if they are in that situation in the long term. Going travel, leaving all the troubles behind for a period of time, people will have a good rest and then fight again. Secondly, travel can broaden people’s vision.

People can learn more through what they see and hear.

This knowledge is good for them. Last but not least, travel can enlarge people’s social circle, because they can make new friends on the way of their trip. In conclusion, travel has so many advantages. It is no wonder that there is a World Tourism Day to encourage everyone to go travel.

每年的月二十七是世界旅游日。当然，这是为了提倡人们多旅游而设的。

如今，随着人们生活水平的提高，去旅游的人数和频率都随之增加了。为什么会这样呢？我觉得可能是因为旅游所拥有的优势。首先，旅游可以使人放松。

在当今竞争激烈的社会，每个人都承受着巨大的压力。长期处于这种状态下，他们可能会疯了。

去旅行，把所有的烦恼暂抛脑后，人们将会得到良好的休息，然后再奋斗。

其次，旅游能开阔人们的视野。人们可以通过他们的所见所闻而学习。这些知识对他们是有用的。最后但并非最不重要的，旅行可以扩大人们的社交圈，因为他们可以在旅途中结识新朋友。总之，旅行有很多优点。难怪会有世界旅游日来鼓励大家去旅行。

[高中英语作文：旅游

When I go to high school, our school has the rule to ask students to live

in the dormitory. Most students live with their parents before, so we all feel

excited and afraid of the group life. Luckily, I have three nice roommates. Soon

we become close friends. Living with others, we learn to do the house work, such

as everyone needs take turn to clean the floor, when we have something good to

eat, we will share with each other. The group life makes us have less private

space, but we enjoy the moment when we have the little talk before sleep, the

secrets that we dont want our parents know can talk to these girls. Whats

more, I become much independent. I learn to take care of myself and have really

grown up.

1) 主语+ cannot emphasize the importance of … too much.(再怎么强调……的重要性也不为过。)例如：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.

2)There is no need for sb to do sth. for sth.(某人没有必要做……)，例如：There is no need for you to bring more food. 不需你拿来更多的食物了。

3)By +doing…，主语can …. (借着……，……能够……)，例如：By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy. 借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。

4) … enable + sb.+ to + do…. (……使……能够……)，例如：Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed. 听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。

5) On no account can we + do…. (我们绝对不能……)，例如：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。

6) What will happen to sb.? (某人将会怎样?), 例如：What will happen to the orphan? 那个孤儿将会怎样?

7)For the past + 时间，主语 + 现在完成式…. (过去……年来，……一直……)例如：For the past two years，I have been busy preparing for the examination. 过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。

8)It pays to + do….(……是值得的。)例如：It pays to help others. 帮助别人是值得的。

9)主语+ be based on….(以……为基础)，例如：The progress of thee society is based on harmony.社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。

10)主语 + do one’s best to do….(尽全力去……)，例如：We should do our best to achieve our goal in life.我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标

一、遣词方面：用词要贴切而丰富，善用短语 ,词汇是语言的建筑材料，文章的好坏，选词很关键，如果用词精湛，就会使文章“亮”起来。

1、措辞要贴切具体

试比较下面句子：

A man is walking down the street.

A man is strolling down the street.

通过比较可以看出，前一句不如后一句表达得具体、生动。一个词如果内涵越具体，那么在特定的场景中恰当地使用它，就会收到意想不到的效果。很多同学写作时常随便用一个很笼统的词来描述一个具体事物或人，如 a nice man给人感觉很笼统空泛，我们可以用很多有个性的、具体的词描绘一个人，如 generous(大方的，慷慨的)，humorous(幽默的)，smart(漂亮的，潇洒的)，kind-hearted，warm-hearted，hospitable(好客的,招待周到的)，gentle(文雅的)，optimistic(乐观的)，easy-going(随和的)，spirited(英勇的)，cultivated(有教养的)，manly(有男子气概的)，knowledgeable(知识渊博的)等等。

2、要善于运用短语

短语用得好，会给评卷员留下深刻印象。如：

When he was a child，he wanted to learn everything.( 普通)

When he was a child，he had a strong appetite(胃口) for knowledge.(高级)

3、要避免汉语思维

用词要符合英语习惯，避免汉语思维的影响，如某些名词和动词搭配已约定俗成，不能随意打乱其搭配习惯，否则会显得生硬和词不达意。如汉语中的“学到知识”，英语中就不能说“learn knowledge”，而要说acquire knowledge (获得知识) 。类似的动宾结构还有achieve success (获得成功)，gain reputation (获得声誉)，attain ones end (达到目的)等。

二、造句方面：句式要准确而多变，活用复合句

简单句用得太多，会造成文章读起来乏味。在评卷员看来，同样意思的内容，能够运用比较复杂的句式结构来表达，当然会认为其运用语言的能力要比只会用简单句来表达要强，评分自然就高。

1、巧用非谓语动词

运用非谓语动词，可使文句看起来更简洁，使语言更加丰富多彩，重点更加突出，增加文采。如：

I covered my ears，trying to keep the noise out，but failed. (2004广东卷)

2、巧用with复合结构

“with+名词/代词+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/介词”结构，常作伴随状语以增加被描绘内容的生动性和情感性，使文章读起来更简洁明了。试比较：

I couldnt go on studying because there was so much noise troubling me. (普通)

I couldnt go on studying with so much noise troubling me. (高级)

3、巧用复合句

高考评分标准强调使用语法结构的数量和复杂性，鼓励考生尽量使用较复杂的结构，并且对由此产生的错误采取了宽容的态度。如果恰当运用各类从句，就会使文章出彩。

如：(定语从句) Whats more，people have easy access to the Internet，which enables them to send and receive e-mails whenever they like.

4、巧用倒装句、感叹句、强调句、虚拟语气句等

使用这些句式可使文章化平淡为生动，加强语气，使评卷老师感受作者的强烈情感。

(倒装句)Only in this way can Internet Bars be well used by people.

(感叹句)I thought，“How hard mum is working! She must be very tired.”

5、巧用排山倒海句

如能运用一个个排比句、对偶句、不定式或短语，可令文章增色不少，会给评卷员眼前一亮的感觉。如：

The purpose of the program are to make our school more beautiful，to make the air cleaner and fresher，and to turn our school into a better place for us to study and live in.

三、谋篇方面：结构要清晰而流畅，巧用过渡词

众所周知，语言的最高层次不是传统语法所说的句子，而是语篇。语篇指的是一系列连接的语段或句子构成的语言整体。一篇好的文章不但句子正确，要点齐全，更重要的是有效地使用了语句间的连接成分。因此，恰当使用好连接性的词语和句子，是使作文获得高分的一个重要因素。

下列各组表示列举或补充的短语或句式非常实用，对高考写作很有帮助：

(1)Firstly...，secondly...，thirdly...，finally...

(2)In the first place...，in the second place...，in the third place...，lastly...

(3)to begin with...，then...，furthermore...，finally...

(4)to start with...，next...，in addition...，finally...

(5)first and foremost...，besides...，last but not least...

(6)most important of all...，moreover...，finally...

如果只有两层意思，可选用下列两组中的任一组：

(1)On the one hand...，on the other hand...

(2)For one thing..., and for another thing...技巧，希望对大家有帮助

When the young people start their career, they will do everything to get

the chance to help their career to make breakthrough, such as follow the

business rules. They choose to drink as much as possible, which is over the

limitation of their bodies. The coming wealth is based on the loss of health.

The media reported the news about how the young people died of drinking a lot of

alcohol. Their ambition made them to undertake the limitation. As a result, they

died at the young age. There is no doubt that health overweighs wealth. If a

rich people didnt have a sound body, how he can enjoy life. A man who has been

badly ill will take special attention to the health. No matter how much money he

is paid, he will turn down the invitation that hurts his body.

Holiday back, clean up a lot of stuff, and then, feeling, very comfortable very comfortable

First of all, moved toward the shoe ark of the head of a bed for a couple of years (my mother said to do bookcase, open on see, incredibly still really put a lot of my book is on the inside). Then, on the window is to the bed foot, however, is a cycas, very lush very lush, every time I open the window, sees the thorns are uncomfortable uncomfortable, so I put it away again.

Then, put on and inclined toward my room two sundry room (eighty percent eighty percent can be called junk) anything that moved away. Then, bathroom stone to the room, flower POTS, a bird than the bad bad, a lot of basin of aloe vera (original aloe is quite thorny) also moved away.

On the balcony, having a heap of mud and cling to my room to the head of a bed (think of that song, unrequited loves the mud, you might as well listen to again, that song was once the golden melody, xu also incredibly took the best male singer), the mud it was covered with a layer of steel net, piled on the following objects: a very bad bad mouse cage, 10 lousy flowerpot, within a few rotten stone, there are other I have forgotten. Clean up the mud, unexpectedly found it still has a lot of broken tiles, more surprisingly, inside still have a lot of iron, very young, but rough tough than wire, but the strange thing is, its doors on my bed, its so strange (cant help but think of oneself since moved to the Jin Juhua community so much has happened).

Later, I found, to my room still has a long very lush yellow skin fruit (colloquialism commonly known as chicken excrement), heard this name, I want to cut it, but mother has been planted for years, is too big, in fact I was also dont understand, why do miniascape of yellow skin. However, mother also planted sweet potatoes cane over the past two years, a lot of basin are put in window edge, and fe (vernacular called nine dishes), as for the carambola, I find it hard to entrance.

Moved a lot of a lot of things these days, though hard, your body is not good (since moved to this community, to the present as in the whole body is ill, strabismus, obesity, poor spirit, should be very poor, kidney failure, hernia, also recently appeared signs of high blood pressure, heart, breathing rapidly, and disfigured before the hearing loss, rhinitis, afraid of see the sunshine, communication difficulties, gangsters, hubei hubei, do things round, personal ability serious decline, was suddenly unprovoked pointing to DuMa (a junior high school of Yang classmate) can get no response, etc.), but after moving, comfortable a lot of really, really, really very comfortable, twisting his years of disfigured (mom difficult for his nose, but mom said, this is your own thing, want to rely on yourself to break through this obsession, who also cant help you) is loose.

First wrote here today to continue next time, bye.

放假回来，清理了不少杂物，然后，感觉，好舒服好舒服

首先，搬走了对着床头好几年的鞋柜(妈妈说要用来做我的书柜，打开一看，居然还真的装了很多我的书在里面)。接着，对着窗口不过是对着床脚的，是一棵铁树，很茂盛很茂盛，我每次打开窗口，见到它的刺就很不舒服很不舒服，于是，我又把它移开了。

然后，把对着和斜对着我房间的两个杂物房里面的东西(八成可以叫做垃圾)八成搬开了。接着，对着房间卫生间的石头，花盆，一张远比上述烂的烂台，很多盆芦荟(原来芦荟还挺多刺的)也搬开了。

在阳台上，有着一堆烂泥紧贴着我房间也正好对着床头(想起许志安的那首歌--烂泥，大家不妨再听一下，那首歌曾经是当年的金曲，许还居然拿了最佳男歌手)，烂泥上面还居然铺着一层铁网，上面堆着如下物体：一个很烂很烂的老鼠笼，10个以内的烂花盆，几块烂石，还有其他我都忘记了。清理烂泥时，居然发现里面还有很多碎瓦，更奇怪的是，里面还有好多条铁条，很幼，但比铁丝要粗韧，而奇怪的是，它门都对着我的床头，真奇怪啊(不禁想到自己自从搬到这个金菊花小区之后发生了这么多事)。

之后，我发现，对着我房间的还有一棵长的很茂盛的黄皮(白话俗称鸡屎果)，听到这个名字，我就想把它砍掉，但妈妈已经种了很多年了，太大了，其实我当时也不明白，为什么盆景要种黄皮。不过，妈妈这两年还种了番薯藤，好多盆都放在窗口边，还有菲菜(白话称为九菜)，至于杨桃，我觉得很难入口。

这些天搬了很多很多东西，虽然辛苦，自己身体也不好(自从搬到这个小区后，到现在好像周身都是病，斜视，肥胖，精神不佳，应该是很不佳，肾亏，疝气，最近还出现了高血压迹象，心跳很快，呼吸急速，还有以前破相所带来的的听力下降，鼻炎，怕见阳光，交际困难，混混鄂鄂，做事轮尽，个人能力严重下降，被人突然无端指着来毒骂(一个初中的杨姓同学)都居然可以无反应等等了)，但搬走后，真的舒服很多，真的，真的很舒服，缠绕自己多年的破相(被妈妈捏难了鼻子，但妈妈却说，这是你自己的事情，要靠你自己去冲破这个困扰，谁也帮不了你)困扰也松了。

今天先写到这里，下次继续，再见。

Our class to Guangzhou Beach Park to travel, I and my good friend Lin Wei Hao can be happy,the first day ready to take away things,know the day to travel,we frantically singing songs.

We were crazy to spend a pleasant time in the car, but I do not know we have to hit our destination,we ordered the car. But with a cheerful mood,to our dream of the beach park.

We have a good team directly with the captain of the fast to the entertainment, where there are “haunted house”, “flying sky”, “pirate ship”, and I like the “bumper car” and so on.Entertainment, although I, every one play But I am not happy,because Lin Wei Hao and his old classmates to play,did not come to play with me,I also put him as my best friend,he did not come with me Play these games.

Because today is a special day,I am not too unhappy, or resolutely continue to play about the terrorist point, relax about the mood.

Until the time to go,Lin Wei Hao see I am not happy look, as if I am not happy to know the reason seems to have come,said: “Today did not play with you I am sorry,I just forgot your agreement the day before yesterday, said To play with the time to play, but I did not mean that.”I said to him:“nothing I play a very happy.”

Since that day I and my good friend Lin Wei Hao not so good before, although still in a class, our communication is less and less.The first tour turned out to be such a result,leading us to become ordinary students.

Our school organized a three-day trip last week.The first day we went to the beach,it was a fine day,the sun was shining brightly,the wind was blowing softly,and we had a good time.The second day we went climbing.The wind was so strong that we felt tired.The third day we visited the museum.There were many people and it was very crowded.Hower we felt very happy.

It was a happy trip.

After finishing my homework I went to the Tai Mountian with my friends during my holiday. When we got near the Tai Mountain by buswe were very excited. We planned to get on the top of the Tai Mountain. Next we began to walk we to the foot of the mountian. There were many visitors there. And all of us enjoyed the beautiful views beside the steps. At last we reached the top.Not only we had a picnic there but also we took several picturestoo.

Though we were very tiredwe were very happy about that trip.

一、形成性评价的概念

形成性评价(Formative Assessment)是美国评价学专家斯克里芬在1967年在其所著的《评论方法论》里提出来的。所谓的形成性评价是相对于传统的终结性评价(Summative Assessment)而言的，指的是对学生日常学习过程中的表现、所取得的成绩及所反映出来的情感、态度和策略方面的发展做出的评价，这种评价是通过对学生学习的整个过程持续观察、记录和反思之后得出来的。

形成性评价的目的是为了激励学生学习，帮助学生调控自己的学习过程。让学生获得成就感，增强其自信心和团结合作精神，让学生从被动接受评价变成一个评价的主体和积极参与者。形成性评价能够帮助教师了解学生的学习情况，从而制定下一步的教学计划。与终结性评价相比，形成性评价不只以考试成绩来衡量学生的学习情况，它更加灵活方便，也更加科学有效。形成性评价注重对学生学习行为和表现的评估，能够有效发挥学生的主动性和创造性，有利于培养学生的学习兴趣，也能够有效提高学生的自信心。

在英语口语教学中运用形成性评价，能够让学生在课堂中互相评价，增强学生参与课堂教学的积极性，在提高英语口语能力的同时体会到成功的快乐，形成一个教师与学生、学生与学生之间良好互动的课堂。形成性评价注重开发学生的创新能力和思考能力，而要培养这些能力就必须依靠坚持不懈的学习和运用来完成。

二、形成性评价的方法与工具

首先，一般而言，形成性评价的方法大致分为：自我评价、同伴互评和教师评价。

自我评价是指学生在学习的过程中就自己学习进程中的某个阶段性成果的总结和评价。自我评价是形成性评价中尤为重要的评价方法，只有通过自我评价才能尽力发挥其的主观能动性，积极主动地参与课堂教学活动。只有主观积极地参与课堂，就自己不同阶段的水平，才能更好地定位自己进一步的目标，并在课程初期、中期及末期分别给予自己相对客观中肯的评价，以促进下一阶段的学习。

同伴互评是指在课堂活动中，就某一活动进行同学之间的评价，评价包括学习态度、学习能力及学习方法的评价。在同伴互评的过程中，学生们可以相互探讨学习方法、交流学习心得、提出改进的建议和意见。同伴之间相互比较、竞争，相互取长补短，既增强了合作精神又促进了学习能力和学习效率的提升。同伴互评作为形成性评价重要的方法之一，其评价形式既增强了课堂的趣味性又增强了学生的学习自信心和学习热情。

课堂学习的主体是学生，但是学习评价的主体却是教师。形成性评价侧重过程教育，在教学过程中，根据需要调整教学计划和内容，该评价尤其重视学生与教师在课堂的共同参与度，而非教师“一言堂”。首先，教师在教学过程中设定好学生自我评价与同伴评价的量化标准，列好学生自我评价和同伴评价的核查表；其次，学生根据核查表才可有的放矢，对照核查表所列的内容一一检查，每节课后，客观公正地给予自己和他人中肯的评价；最后，结合学生自我评价和同伴评价的反馈结果，教师针对学生课堂上的表现，纵向对比某一特定学生评价前后的差异，或者横向比较某一特定组别在同一活动中每位学生各项指标的完成情况，同时，以多种形式反馈给学生并提出整改意见。因而，在教学的不同阶段，根据学生的能力发展状况，教师可适时调整评价方式，不断改进教学方法和教学手段。

只有将自我评价、同伴评价与教师评价结合在一起评价方式才能保证较好的教学效果，才能促进教育改革的进一步深化，真正达到以素质教育培养复合型人才的终极目标。

其次，形成性评价的行为评估工具有课堂观察、学生档案、座谈、问卷调查、访谈和对话周记等。如何运用以及怎样运用这些评价工具要根据所授课程、课程目标和授课对象等诸多因素做适当调整。

课堂观察是教学行为和技巧的基本方式。根据Genesee and Upshur(2001:79)的观点，教师在观察的基础上，可以评估学生已掌握和未掌握的内容。换言之，教师应该评估促进或阻碍学生学习的策略。与此同时，教师还可评估一些特定的教学策略的有效性，确定学生们欣赏哪些课堂活动和形式。课堂观察有助于教师更好地了解课程设计和学生需求的契合度。通过正式或非正式的观察，教师可掌握大多数学生对于教学安排的可接受程度，根据学生的需求改进或调整教学安排等，以提升教学效果。

“questionnaires and interviews can all be thought of as conversations between students and teachers”（Genesee and Upshur，2001:136）。如上所述，问卷调查和访谈都可被看作教师和学生间的对话，访谈和问卷调查是相似的，但决定使用访谈或者问卷调查可依据不同的教学目的。无论是哪种方式，都是老师和学生之间相对正式的会谈，这非常有利于老师对他的教学效果进行评估,诊断学生在英语学习遇到的困难，为学生寻找合适的解决问题,获得良好的学习策略和学习得到更多的进步。访谈和问卷调查设计应该根据学生的个人需求并符合教学目标。

对话周记作为教师和学生沟通的另一种方式，深受学生的喜爱。因课程设置和班级规模的不同，课堂观察、问卷调查及访谈都相对比较片面，而对话周记则可以关注到每个学生的不同需求。师生间定期通信，既增加了教师和学生之间的相互了解，增强彼此的信任，又能解决学生的个案问题，做到因材施教；同时，为了促进“教学相长”，学生可及时反馈教师的课堂教学，对于教师的教学提出较好的建议和意见。

学生档案是一个综合各项评估功能于一体的评估工具。它可以记录学生的成长、课堂变化且兼顾多种需要。如今，众多评价工具只把学生作为评价的对象，而评估的责任和任务的则落到了教师身上。但事实上，几乎没有一种评价工具能很好地管理学生活动并对其课堂行为负责。相比之下, 建立学生档案，需要学生亲力亲为；本着自我负责的原则，他们要更好地自我监督和控制，同时，在建档案的过程中，学生可以见证自己的进步与成长，增强学习的自信，提高学习的效果。

三、形成性评价对于英语口语教学的重要性与紧迫性

众所周知,教育评估在大学英语课程改革中扮演着相当重要的角色。英语教学的重点已从传播知识转移到培养能力。多年来，在中国，人们只注重英语写作和阅读的能力的提升，而一直忽视英语口语交际能力。多年来，教学评价已经被狭义理解为量化教学，而后进一步局限于教学测试。考试作为教学的终极目的，期末考试的成绩也就成为教师评价学生的最重要的依据。而对于口语课堂，单一的这种评估方式和依据增加了大多数学生的心理压力和少部分学生侥幸心理。考试成绩给学生很大压力，危害学生的发展，评估过程中，学生一直被动地参与，无法调动其积极性。当课程结束时，教师将得不到及时准确的学生反馈，无法改善评估方法以助于提高学生的英语口语能力。

“形成性评价源于诊断性测试。与终结性评价相比，形成性评价通过教学过程中多方面的评价发现问题，解决问题，强调过程性、目标性和学生学习的主动性。” (魏薇，2005) 鉴于终结性评价在口语测试评分中的片面性和主观性，大学英语口语表达能力的培养还是受到了这种终结性评价的制约。在大学英语口语教学中，形成性评价最重要的任务的是帮助教师监控学生英语口语的学习过程，提高学生的英语口语学习。如能将形成性评价的理论引入大学英语口语课堂教学与测试中，建立大学英语口语课程与形成性评价相结合的评估模式，则会推动大学英语口语教学和测试的改革进程。

鉴于口语课堂的特点，为了克服传统终结性评价对于口语课堂的制约性，形成性评价与大学英语口语教学相结合有其不可忽视的重要性和紧迫性。

首先，由于口语表达能力除了包含最基本的发音、词汇、语法能力还有语用能力、文化知识储备力等多项复杂的技能，而所有的这些技能无法在某一次测试中完全体现出来。因口语学习的最终目的是运用到相关学科、为了更好地促进国际交流。

而形成性评价尤其注重过程教学，这种评价将教学过程分成了诸多阶段，学生可在每个不同的阶段就自己的学习态度、发音、语言运用的准确性、流利程度以及课堂活动参与的积极性进行横向的同学互评和纵向的自我比较。一方面，横向比较可以找到彼此间的差距，互相帮助已达到各方面的提升；另一方面，学生可在整理学习档案的过程中，纵向比较自己前后阶段的学习情况，时刻了解自己在每个阶段的学习状况，在教师和同学的辅助下，运用不同的学习方法和策略，逐项提高自己的口语能力。 另外，教师在学生进行评价的过程中，可真实地参与并记录学生在各方面的真实水平。

其次，口语课堂实际上是教师与学生、学生与学生之间的互动交际。教师需要花费大量的时间设计口语活动、鼓励学生参与活动、监控课堂活动、诊断学生的需求和问题、记录学生的表现等。学生则在各种学习任务和活动中不断地练习、发现问题、纠正偏差。

与传统的终结性评价不同，形成性评价的最显著特征是评价的主体是学生，学生和教师共同参与课堂，缺一不可。根据多数学生的关注点，学生参与确定研究目标、评分标准和英语口语的性能评估。因而，他们了解每一项活动的任务和目标，他们可合理运用各种评价方式和工具，课前认真准备，课堂上积极参与，能与教师积极互动，课堂上客观地评价自己、同伴和教师。这不仅是一种评价过程，更是学生回归自我认同感的方式。学生增加了学习自信，在评价过程中不断积累经验，逐步获得学习成就感。教师亦可在与学生互动的过程中，更好地了解学生的知识掌握和课堂反馈情况，根据反馈适时调整教学方法。如此良性循环，既增强了课堂的趣味性又提高了学生的学习效率。

四、结语

形成性评价，作为正常教学和学习过程的有机部分，可以全面、客观、科学、准确地提供与其学习目标相关的重要信息，它有助于促进学生的个性化发展和外语教学质量的根本性提高。形成性评价其中的一个重要作用是培养学生良好的英语学习习惯。将英语形成性评价与口语教学紧密地结合在一起，能提高学生学习的兴趣并及时、准确、客观地反映学生的真实水平，使学生的英语口语能力稳步提高。通过采用具体的形成性评价方式，发展学生的自我评价与学生间相互评价的能力，以促进学生的自我反思与自我管理能力。从而提高学生自主学习意识与自主学习能力，并为他们养成终身学习的意识与习惯打下基础。

in my mind, everyone shall have his own dream. i think that having a dream means that we have an idea, and then we will do all the things to achieve the target. as long as we have a goal to be realized, we won’t be blind at least.

my dream is to become a successful stateman, helping those people who need help with their rights. of course, to be a good stateman is very difficult, but i will do whatever i can do to keep everyone satisfied. thats my dream. i want to try my best to help the poor sick people of our country. china is a developing country which needs good stateman,especially in the countryside and distant villages.

now i’m a junior student on grade one, my dream is also that although at present i’m good at study, i’ll still try my best to be the study winner. now everything i do is close to my dream. i feel life is fill with hope and is colorful, and i have enough confidence to realize my dream.

Chinese New Year is the tradition festival in China.It is the same as the christmas day in the west country,it is welcome the new year.

It is the day that the families get together.

The spring festival is usually in the February ,sometimes in January.In the spring festival,every family all paste the lucky inscriptions,they fire the cracker,they eat the dumplings.The day before the new years first day is the new years eve,same as the christmas eve,all the families get together to have the new yaars dinner,wishes each other,talk about the wishes about the new year.Small children will receive the money given to children as a lunar new year gift.

Some people like to work alone while others enjoy teamwork. In my opinion,

everyone had better learn to work with others together because teamwork is

definitely necessary and important in modern society.

First, working in a team provides a chance for us to communicate with each

other. Just as the saying goes, “many hands make light job.” Working in a team,

teammates share their ideas with each other, which is helpful to create a better

achievement. Second, working in a team is a way to broaden our horizon.

Teammates in a team can learn something from each other because they are from

different places, owning various experiences and hold different views towards

things. Therefore, getting along with other teammates is also a process of

increasing our knowledge. Finally, working in a team is also a way to establish

our friendship. Teammates in a team have chances to help each other, to solve

the problems together, to share the happiness of being successful, which make a

great contribution to establishing friendship. Thus, working in a team is one of

the most effective ways to extend our personal relationships.

To sum up, to learn to work in a team is really necessary and important and

we should try to enjoy it.

On New Years Eve, I turned on the TV as usual to watch the Spring Festival

Gala, and watched it for more than half an hour. Suddenly, an unexpected program

caught the whole familys eyes and deeply moved us. On the screen, there was the

hospital background of Wuhan city. Doctors and nurses were wearing white

protective clothing, and their faces were wearing plastic transparent covers

integrated with clothing. They were fighting against the virus and life danger

Time race. With the host reciting "love is a bridge", I felt a torrent in my

heart. I kept bumping and bumping. I knew that the program was added temporarily

because of the severe situation. Although it had not been rehearsed, it still

made many people cry. No one in the hospital would want to hide, no one would be

lazy, no one would want to make a phone call with his family They regard those

suffering compatriots as their parents and children, and they are determined to

save these patients just like their families.