小学英语字母书写规范和要求【精品20篇】

我爱读书，书是一扇明净的小窗，打开它，能读到别人的快乐和忧伤。我非常喜欢读书，我是一个小书迷。

I love reading, the book is a bright window, opened it, to be able to read other peoples happiness and sorrow. I like reading very much, I was a little bookworm.

大约八岁的时候，我从同学家借了一本书，书名叫《三国演义》，回到家已经八点多了，我躺在床上，开始看了，我刚刚看到曹操大战关羽的时候，妈妈来了，她一把把被子掀开，说："这书从哪里来的?"我说："这本《三国演议》是我从同学家借的。"到了晚上，我把书拿到被窝里，续续看曹操拿剑大战关羽，又被妈妈发现，妈妈拿起书，好像要给我烧了。我赶快怏求妈妈，别给我烧，我下次不再在被窝里看书了。我捧起心爱的书，仿佛是久别重逢的挚友，我像骑一匹无缰的骏马，在书中悲欢离合的大千世界遨游，尽情挥洒自己的爱和恨。

When I was about eight years old, I borrowed a book from the home to the students, the book named "the romance of the Three Kingdoms", home has more than eight points, I lay in bed, looked at the time, I just saw the war Cao Cao Guan Yu, the mother, she put a quilt, said: "this book comes from where? "I said:" this is my speech on "Three Kingdoms" from home to the students borrowed. "In the evening, I took the book to the nest, continued to see Cao Cao sword fights Guan Yu, and mother was found, the mother picked up the book, as if to give me to burn. I hurried back to mom, dont make me, next time I dont read in bed. I won the favorite book, it is long time friend, I like riding a horse without reins of the horse, the vicissitudes of life in the book of the world travel, enjoy their love and hate.

Christmas is annual festival in western world that is one of the most

important festivals for them. Previously, only westerners or Christians

celebrate it. But in recent years, more and more Chinese people celebrate it,

especially among young people. There are many activities in that day. I think

there are the following reasons that make Christmas popular in China. First,

it’s a western holiday and it’s new to Chinese. Second, with the development of

the world, the mutual influence between China and the west makes it work. Last,

the merchants make great contribution to its popularity.

导语：日常打招呼是人的基本礼貌之一，下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的相关优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

1.I am Ada. 我是艾达。

2.Hello. 你好。

3.Good morning. 早上好。

4.This is Cade. 这是凯德。

5.This is Miss Daisy,your English teacher. 这是戴西小姐，你们的英语教师。

6.How do you do? 你好!

7.Hi! 你好!

8.Goodbye. 再见。

9.So long. 再见。

10.Bye-bye. 再见。

A

Ada:Hello,I am Ada. 你好，我是艾达。

Mr White:Hello,I am Mr White. 你好，我是瓦特先生。

Bobby:Im Bobby. 我是鲍比。

Cade:Im Cade. 我是凯德。

B

Bobby:Good morning,Mr White. Im Bobby.早上好，瓦特先生。我是鲍比。

Mr White:Good morning. 早上好。

Ada:Good morning.Im ada. 早上好，我是艾达。

Miss Daisy:Im Miss Daisy.Good Morning. 我是戴西小姐，早上好。

C

Mr white:This is Cade.This is Ellen. 这是凯德。这是爱伦。

Ada:How do you do?你们好!

Mr White:This is Miss Daisy,your English teacher. 这是戴西小姐，你们的英语教师。

Pupils:How do you do? 你好!

I like reading, reading and listening. Comic books, picture books and storybooks and popular science books, I like it.

When I was small, mom and dad told me "the frog prince" and "the thumb girl", "journey to the west" and other stories. A little bit grow up, parents also teach me some poems, what "again before Wang Xietang yan, flying off the shelves." , what "children meet strangers, smile ask the guest where to." Wait, I to now still fresh. It was also at that time, I feel the pleasure of listening, reading and reading. And promise, grow up, must use a lot of books to enrich their extracurricular knowledge.

我喜欢读书、看书和听书。无论是漫画书、小人书、故事书还是科普书，我都很喜欢。

在我还很小的时候，爸爸、妈妈就给我讲了《青蛙王子》、《拇指姑娘》、《西游记》等故事。稍微长大一点，父母又教我一些诗词，什么“又是王谢堂前燕，飞入寻常百姓家。”，什么“儿童相见不相识，笑问客从何处来。”等等，我到现在仍然记忆犹新。也正是在那时，我感到了听书、看书和读书的乐趣。并且立下誓言，长大以后，一定要用许许多多的书来丰富自己的课外知识。

It is quite usual that one meets failures, for ones life can never be

plain sailing. However, diffhrent people hold diffhrent attitudes towards

failure. Some people think it a heavy blow to fail in achieving something and

they can not endure failure. When they meet failure, they will be seriously

dejected and can never pluck up their courage to try again. However, others

think it natural to meet failures in ones career. Therefore, they are

psychologically prepared. When they meet failures, they will not be frustrated.

Instead, they will continue to meet new challenges. As to me, Im in favor of

the latter view. Failure is really a terrible thing but it is also the mother of

success. If one draws lessons from failures, in most cases he will get success

in the future. Furthermore, ones life can never be smooth sailing; it must be

full of difficuhies and setbacks. If one is daunted by difficuhies and

frustrations, he will always be a failure. However, if one holds a positive

attitude toward failure, he will overcome difficulties and frustrations to win

victory.

at the weekendsitssunday evening. the read families are at home. mr. read is watching tv. mrs. read is reading a book. ann is sitting at the desk and reading, too. shes doing her homework. her brother, tom, is sitting on the floor andmaking a kite. he is doing his homework, too. mimi is playing with something near tom. where is tom’s bird? oh, it’s near the window. it’s looking at tom and singing. they are having a good time.

Tammy was in a bad mood. Her parents had insisted that she was too young for a cell phone，no matter how much she begged. “But Sun and Alicia have cell phone!” Tammy cried. “If I don’t get one, I won’t be popular.”

“Having a cell phone doesn’t make you popular,” Tammy’s dad said. He is always saying stuff like this, As if he knew what it was to be in fourth grade. “Besides,” Dad said, “your school doesn’t allow cell phones, and you can call your friends from the house as soon you finish your homework.”

“But I can’t send them text messages,” Tammy relied.

“You can use email,” Mom said. “Cell phone are expensive. we want you to wait until you can pay for part of the cost before you got one.”

“By that time I won’t need one,”Tammy said. “Nobody will know who I am. I might as well moved to a desert island!”

“In that case, I’ll get you some empty bottles and some paper,” Dad said. “Bottle messages are much cooler than text messages.”

“Ugh,” sighed Tammy.

The math teacher of my class is a young man. His name is Jiang Shan. He is tall and fat. We call him the “Big Guy”. When he knows it, he isn’t angry and says it’s lovely. He is easy going and interesting. We can make jokes with him. But about our study, he is serious but patient. We can’t be sloppy on our study. When we have questions, we can ask him anytime. He is a good teacher.

My family has a small white rabbit, it is covered with white hair, big head long with two long ears, white rabbit eyes are red, like ruby, white rabbit tail hairy, Posted behind the buttocks, really interesting.

Once I fed it to eat when it did not dare to eat, and later I am familiar with, after I give it to feed things to eat, it is big mouth to eat up, I feel really cute.

Rabbit is also particularly considerate. Once I was criticized by my mother, the white rabbit came around me, as if to say: "little master, I play with you!"

Little white rabbit is my good friend, I want to take care of it.

In our daily life, if we get on harmoniously with our friends, we’ll feel more joyous. But we’ll feel lonely without friends.When our friends feel upset or get ill, we shouldn’t ignore them or look down upon them. On the contrary, we ought to calm them down, show our love and concern to them and try our best to help them overcome the hardships. Sometimes we may have some misunderstandings or disagreements with our friends, thus we had better have a discussion with them and try to accept their good ideas instead of quarreling with them. As long as we can follow these good suggestions, we’ll find it easy to make more friends.

在日常生活中，如果我们跟朋友相处融洽，我们的心情也会更加愉悦。然而若是没有朋友则会觉得孤单。当我们的朋友忧伤或是生病时，我们不应冷落或轻起他们，相反地，我们要帮他们平抚心情，尽自己最大的努力关心他，帮助他渡过难关。有时候我们会与朋友产生误会，发生分歧，这时我们最好是跟朋友好好谈谈而不要争吵，尽量理解他的好的想法。只要我们遵循这些建议，我们会发现想要结交更多的朋友很简单。

英语字母教学作为英语学习的基础，是小学英语教学中重要一环，这一阶段的教学，教师应给予足够的重视，通过各种教学组织形式使这一阶段的学习得以很好的落实。学好26个字母对以后单词的学习起着至关重要的作用。因此，在学习字母阶段，我们要利用一切可利用的资源，创设情境，让学生和字母交朋友、做游戏。

一、字母读音教学

1. 注重示范发音的正确性

字母发音直接影响着学生单词的发音，而且学生错误的发音一旦形成就很难再纠正。因此教师在教学字母之前一定要多听录音，纠正好自己的发音。在课堂教学中教师要让学生听磁带跟读，观察他们的口形，并鼓励模仿得好的学生示范领读，帮助其他同学纠正发音。

2. 把握学生的发音难点

受各地方方言的影响，学生对字母的发音往往会出错。比如：南方人容易把A读成/e/。因此，教师要把握好学生方言发音难点，预先采取各种教学方法防止错误发音的出现。

3. 强化个别字母教学

尽管许多学生对字母有了一定程度的掌握，但大多数学生都没有进行过系统的字母学习，中间难免存在着许多似是而非的现象。例如学生对GgJj两个字母的读音容易混淆，对Uu和Ii这两个字母的发音不到位。教师在教学中应针对这种情况加强这几个字母的训练。

4. 注重读音归类教学

把字母按读音进行分类是字母读音教学的一个重要任务，也是学生觉得有一定难度的一项内容。为了使学生能更好得掌握，教师可采用分家游戏的方法，按家族将26个字母进行分类记忆。首先将字母划分为七个家族，再对号入座，最终编成一首音素家族chant 帮助学生记忆：

A、H、J、K 是A 家族，A，A是族长。

E的家族有八位，BCDE，GPTV，E，E是族长。

/e/ 的家族没有族长，它的成员有七位，FLMN，SX 和Z。

U 的家族有三位，UQW，U，U是族长。

I 的家族有两位，IY，I，I是族长。(手势指着自己)

R 和O单独住，它们自己是族长。

5. 注重语音暗线的铺垫

在三年级下册学生用书中，字母读音和字母例词的安排是一条语音暗线，教师教学时要努力让学生掌握字母的正确读音，并初步感知字母在例词中的读音，为以后学习语音奠定基础。比如讲到字母Ee时，例词是egg，elepghant，教师可突出字母E的发音。英语有48个国际音标，如果学生能在学习 26个字母的同时掌握与此相关的26个音素，将会为以后的语音学习打好基础。

二、字母书写教学

字母的书写过程要一步步进行：先观察性状，再观察笔顺、占格情况，然后书空，使用活动手册进行描红，最后达到仿写。

1. 字母认读的教学

字母的书写首先要求学生能正确区分一些形近的字母。有些字母可以通过猜谜的方法让学生记住它们的形状特点。例如：弯弯的月牙(C)、一条小蛇 (S)、三叉路口(T)、1加3(B)、一座宝塔(A)、胜利的象征(V)、大号鱼钩(J)、一张弓(D)、一扇小门(n)、一棵小苗(r)、一把椅子 (h)。这些谜语既能让学生记住字母的形，又能激发学生的学习兴趣。同时，还可以让学生自编谜语学习字母，充分发挥学生的想象能力。另外，还可以将字母的一部份遮住，让学生根据漏出来部分来猜字母。

2. 字母书写的教学

字母的书写是小学生的一个薄弱环节。小学的英语书写一定要求学生做到严格遵照书写规范，教师绝对不能马虎。因为英语字母有印刷体和书写体之分，所以容易使学生在书写时发生混淆，教师在教学时应多在这方面进行强调。

(1)笔顺教学

教师要充分利用多媒体设施让学生仔细观察字母的笔画和笔顺。正确的笔顺在活动手册的描红练习中有正确的示范。但有时学生会受到汉语拼音笔顺的影响，错误书写字母，因此教师要对容易出错的笔顺进行比较细致的指导。如i和j都是后加点，t先写钩，H先两竖等。建议教师不妨采用汉语拼音的教法，使用一些形象的比喻，帮助学生理解记忆书写规则，防止笔画出错。比如：H是一双筷子拴根线，j是海豹顶皮球，i是小海狮头上顶个球，t是伞把带开关等。

(2)格式教学

字母的占格同样是字母书写教学中的一个教学难点，尤其是当字母的大小写混在一起的时候，学生很容易混淆。这样，教师要先清楚示范，提醒学生注意并总结字母占格的规律。同时，教师还可以借助儿歌帮助学生掌握字母的占格规律。如：英语书写，四线三格，大写字母一二格，上不顶线是原则;小写字母认准格，上面有 ‘辫’一二格，下面有‘尾’二三格，无‘辫’无‘尾’中间格;i，t中上一格半。在学生掌握了字母的占格规律后，还要通过活动手册上的描红来加强练习。这里要注意的是，到一定阶段的时候，教师要让学生能在没有四线格的一条线上，甚至是没有任何线的白纸上也能正确地表示出字母的书写格式。

三、操练

字母操练我们还可以采用游戏的形式。

1. What’s missing?游戏

学了几个字母以后，把字母卡片放在一起让学生认读，然后抽去其中的一张，让学生寻找：What’s missing?此时，学生注意力高度集中，急于表现自己，识记的效果就会很好。

2. 左邻右舍游戏

学生准备好已经学过的字母卡片，教师出示一个字母，让学生找出它的左邻右舍，请找到的几个学生快速把字母拿到讲台上站在相应的位置上，其余的学生一起认读这几个字母。

3. Make letters游戏

让学生用肢体动作表示不同的字母，或让学生用火柴棒拼出不同字母的形状。

This is our house.It`s nice and big!It`s a warm world. All family are live in it. Ha!This is my parents`room.It`s big.My father is sit on the this chair.My mother is sleep on this bed. This is my room.It`s big,too.It`s name`s "Ann park" beacause it`s very lovely and interisting.This is my desk.Everyday I do homework here.This is my bed.It`s pink beacause pink is my favourite couler. This is our sitting room.It`s tidy.It has a table,four chairs,a TV,a mat and a flower.We often sing songs here and watch TV here.

This is our book room.It`s big but small than the sitting room.It has many many wonderful books.We are read books and newspapers here. This is our bathroom .It`s big.We take baths,wash faces and brush teeth here.Our house!Our warm world!I love U!

Today, we read a lot about the passage to protect the environment. I recall ever happened in my side.

Remember last years summer vacation, my father and I went for a walk EHu edge, a way, Im kind of shouted thirsty, so my father on the side of the road store bought me a Popsicle. I ate and go, soon finished eating, carelessly threw the ice sticks into EHu. Dad saw, reminded me immediately; "Coco, cant litter oh! If everyone like you to throw garbage in the lake, the beautiful EHu lake becomes waste." Im ashamed of say: "know, next time I must not litter." Dad smiled and stroked my head and said: "the earth is our home, we should protect it, cherish it, let the sky bluer, the water cleaner, the grass is greener." I naughty to say: "oh, that is, everybody has said, the city is my home, clean environment depends on everybody. I understand." From then on, I no longer throw garbage.

I want to take care of the environment is closely related to everyone, so lets start from everyone!

今天，我们读了很多关于保护环境的小短文。我想起曾经在我身边发生的事情。

记得是去年的暑假，我和爸爸一起去鹅湖边散步，走了一段路，我就一个劲的喊口渴，于是，爸爸就在路边的小店给我买了根冰棍。我边吃边走，一会儿就吃完了，随手把冰棍棒往鹅湖里一扔。爸爸看见了，马上提醒我说;“可可，不能乱扔垃圾噢!如果每个人都像你一样往湖里扔垃圾，这美丽的鹅湖不就变成了垃圾湖了。”我羞愧的说：“知道了，我下次一定不乱扔垃圾。”爸爸微笑着抚摸我的头说：“地球也是我们的家，我们应该保护它，爱护它，让天更蓝，水更清，草更绿。”我调皮的说：“噢，那就是大家一直说的，城市是我家，环境清洁靠大家。我明白了。”让从那以后，我再也不乱扔垃圾了。

我想爱护环境与每个人息息相关，所以要从每个人做起!

1. No rose without a thorn.

没有不带刺的玫瑰。

2. Practice makes perfect.

熟能生巧。

3. Actions speak louder than words.

事实胜于雄辩。

4. An apple a day, keep the doctor away.

每日一苹果，医生远离我。

5. No one can do everything, but everyone can do something.

没有人可以做任何事，但是每个人可以做一些事。

6. Character------It’s what you do when nobody’s looking

品质——就是当你在无人看着时的所为。

7. Reading a book is like opening a window to life.

读一本书，像对生活开了一扇窗。

8. A good book is a light to your soul.

一本好书，照亮心灵。

9. Respect yourself Respect others Respect your school

尊重自己 尊重他人 尊重学校

10. It is better to be faithful than famous.

守信用胜过有名气。

11. No cross, no crown.

不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹。

12. No garden without its weeds.

没有不长草的园子。

13. No living man all things can.

世上没有万事通。

14. No man can do two things at once.

一心不可二用。

15. No smoke without fire.

无风不起浪。

16. No man is wise at all times.

聪明一世，糊涂一时。

17. No news is good news.

没有消息就是好消息。

18. No sweet without sweat.

先苦后甜。

19. No pains, no gains.

没有付出就没有收获。

20. No pleasure without pain.

没有苦就没有乐。

It was sunny today. I was excited. I got up at a quarter to seven.

I made a appointment to meet at nine o’clock. After I had my breakfast, I went to the Wanjia Market . It was hot outside. When I arrived, my friends didn’t arrive. I waited for him in front of the KFC’s door.

I haven’t seen them for a year. And in a year, we didn’t come into contact with others frequently. About ten minutes left, my friends arrived one by one. After we greeted,we went to play basketball in Liwan Gymnasium. The match last for tow hours.Oh!I fill very happy today!

规范英语论文的格式,使之与国际学术惯例接轨,对从事英语教学,英语论文写作,促进国际学术交流都具有重要意义。下面是小编为你带来的关于英语论文的写作格式和规范，希望对你有帮助。

一、英语论文的标题

一篇较长的英语论文(如英语毕业论文)一般都需要标题页,其书写格式如下:第一行标题与打印纸顶端的距离约为打印纸全长的三分之一,与下行(通常为by,居中)的距离则为5cm,第三、第四行分别为作者姓名及日期(均居中)。如果该篇英语论文是学生针对某门课程而写,则在作者姓名与日期之间还需分别打上教师学衔及其姓名(如:Dr./Prof.C.Prager)及本门课程的编号或名称(如:English 734或British Novel)。打印时,如无特殊要求,每一行均需double space,即隔行打印,行距约为0.6cm(论文其他部分行距同此)。

就学生而言,如果英语论文篇幅较短,亦可不做标题页(及提纲页),而将标题页的内容打在正文第一页的左上方。第一行为作者姓名,与打印纸顶端距离约为2.5cm,以下各行依次为教师学衔和姓、课程编号(或名称)及日期;各行左边上下对齐,并留出2.5cm左右的页边空白(下同)。接下来便是论文标题及正文(日期与标题之间及标题与正文第一行之间只需隔行打印,不必留出更多空白)。

二、英语论文提纲

英语论文提纲页包括论题句及提纲本身,其规范格式如下:先在第一行(与打印纸顶端的距离仍为2.5cm左右)的始端打上 Thesis 一词及冒号,空一格后再打论题句,回行时左边须与论题句的第一个字母上下对齐。主要纲目以大写罗马数字标出,次要纲目则依次用大写英文字母、阿拉伯数字和小写英文字母标出。各数字或字母后均为一句点,空出一格后再打该项内容的第一个字母;处于同一等级的纲目,其上下行左边必须对齐。需要注意的是,同等重要的纲目必须是两个以上,即:有Ⅰ应有Ⅱ,有A应有B,以此类推。如果英文论文提纲较长,需两页纸,则第二页须在右上角用小写罗马数字标出页码,即ii(第一页无需标页码)。

三、英语论文正文

有标题页和提纲页的英语论文,其正文第一页的规范格式为:论文标题居中,其位置距打印纸顶端约5cm,距正文第一行约1.5cm。段首字母须缩进五格,即从第六格打起。正文第一页不必标页码(但应计算其页数),自第二页起,必须在每页的右上角(即空出第一行,在其后部)打上论文作者的姓,空一格后再用阿拉伯数字标出页码;阿拉伯数字(或其最后一位)应为该行的最后一个空格。在打印正文时尚需注意标点符号的打印格式,即:句末号(句号、问号及感叹号)后应空两格,其他标点符号后则空一格。

四、英语论文的文中引述

正确引用作品原文或专家、学者的论述是写好英语论文的重要环节;既要注意引述与论文的有机统一,即其逻辑性,又要注意引述格式 (即英语论文参考文献)的规范性。引述别人的观点,可以直接引用,也可以间接引用。无论采用何种方式,论文作者必须注明所引文字的作者和出处。目前美国学术界通行的做法是在引文后以圆括弧形式注明引文作者及出处。现针对文中引述的不同情况,将部分规范格式分述如下。

1.若引文不足三行,则可将引文有机地融合在论文中。如:

The divorce of Arnolds personal desire from his inheritance results in “the familiar picture of Victorian man alone in an alien universe”(Roper9).

这里,圆括弧中的Roper为引文作者的姓(不必注出全名);阿拉伯数字为引文出处的页码(不要写成p.9);作者姓与页码之间需空一格,但不需任何标点符号;句号应置于第二个圆括弧后。

2.被引述的文字如果超过三行,则应将引文与论文文字分开,如下例所示:

Whitman has proved himself an eminent democratic representative and precursor, and his “Democratic Vistas”

is an admirable and characteristic

diatribe. And if one is sorry that in it

Whitman is unable to conceive the

extreme crises of society, one is certain

that no society would be tolerable whoses

citizens could not find refreshment in its

buoyant democratic idealism.(Chase 165)

这里的格式有两点要加以注意。一是引文各行距英语论文的左边第一个字母十个空格,即应从第十一格打起;二是引文不需加引号,末尾的句号应标在最后一个词后。

3.如需在引文中插注,对某些词语加以解释,则要使用方括号(不可用圆括弧)。如:

Dr.Beaman points out that“he [Charles Darw in] has been an important factor in the debate between evolutionary theory and biblical creationism”(9).

值得注意的是,本例中引文作者的姓已出现在引导句中,故圆括弧中只需注明引文出处的页码即可。

4.如果拟引用的文字中有与论文无关的词语需要删除,则需用省略号。如果省略号出现在引文中则用三个点,如出现在引文末,则用四个点,最后一点表示句号,置于第二个圆括弧后(一般说来,应避免在引文开头使用省略号);点与字母之间,或点与点之间都需空一格。如:

Mary Shelley hated tyranny and“looked upon the poor as pathetic victims of the social system and upon the rich and highborn...with undisguised scorn and contempt...(Nitchie 43).

5.若引文出自一部多卷书,除注明作者姓和页码外,还需注明卷号。如:

Professor Chen Jias A History of English Literature aimed to give Chinese readers“a historical survey of English literature from its earliest beginnings down to the 20thcentury”(Chen,1:i).

圆括弧里的1为卷号,小写罗马数字i为页码,说明引文出自第1卷序言(引言、序言、导言等多使用小写的罗马数字标明页码)。此外,书名A History of English Literature 下划了线;规范的格式是:书名,包括以成书形式出版的作品名(如《失乐园》)均需划线,或用斜体字;其他作品,如诗歌、散文、短篇小说等的标题则以双引号标出,如“To Autumn”及前面出现的“Democratic Vistas”等。

6.如果英语论文中引用了同一作者的两篇或两篇以上的作品,除注明引文作者及页码外,还要注明作品名。如:

Bacon condemned Platoas“an obstacle to science”(Farrington, Philosophy 35).

Farrington points out that Aristotles father Nicomachus, a physician, probably trained his son in medicine(Aristotle15).

这两个例子分别引用了Farrington的两部著作,故在各自的圆括弧中分别注出所引用的书名,以免混淆。两部作品名均为缩写形式(如书名太长,在圆括弧中加以注明时均需使用缩写形式),其全名分别为Founder of Scientific Philosophy 及 The Philosophy of Francis Baconand Aristotle。

7.评析诗歌常需引用原诗句,其引用格式如下例所示。

When Beowulf dives upwards through the water and reaches the surface,“The surging waves, great tracts of water, / were all cleansed...”(1.1620-21).

这里,被引用的诗句以斜线号隔开,斜线号与前后字母及标点符号间均需空一格;圆括弧中小写的1是line的缩写;21不必写成1621。如果引用的诗句超过三行,仍需将引用的诗句与论文文字分开(参见第四项第2点内容)。

五、英语论文的文献目录

论文作者在正文之后必须提供论文中全部引文的详细出版情况,即文献目录页。美国高校一般称此页为 Works Cited, 其格式须注意下列几点:

1.目录页应与正文分开,另页打印,置于正文之后。

2.目录页应视为英语论文的一页,按论文页码的顺序在其右上角标明论文作者的姓和页码;如果条目较多,不止一页,则第一页不必标出作者姓和页码(但必须计算页数),其余各页仍按顺序标明作者姓和页码。标题Works Cited与打印纸顶端的距离约为2.5cm,与第一条目中第一行的距离仍为0.6cm;各条目之间及各行之间的距离亦为0.6cm,不必留出更多空白。

3.各条目内容顺序分别为作者姓、名、作品名、出版社名称、出版地、出版年份及起止页码等;各条目应严格按各作者姓的首字母顺序排列,但不要给各条目编码,也不必将书条与杂志、期刊等条目分列。

4.各条目第一行需顶格打印,回行时均需缩进五格,以将该条目与其他条目区分开来。

现将部分较为特殊的条目分列如下,并略加说明,供读者参考。

Two or More Books by the Same Author

Brooks, Cleanth. Fundamentals of Good Writing: A

Handbook of Modern Rhetoric. NewYork: Harcourt, 1950.

---The Hidden God: Studies in Hemingway, Faulkner, Yeats,

Eliot, and Warren. New Haven: Yale UP,1963.

引用同一作者的多部著作,只需在第一条目中注明该作者姓名,余下各条目则以三条连字符及一句点代替该作者姓名;各条目须按书名的第一个词(冠词除外)的字母顺序排列。

An Author with an Editor

Shake speare, William. The Tragedy of Macbeth. Ed. Louis B.

Wright. New York: Washington Square, 1959.

本条目将作者 Shakespeare 的姓名排在前面,而将编者姓名(不颠倒)放在后面,表明引文出自 The Tragedy of Macbeth;如果引文出自编者写的序言、导言等,则需将编者姓名置前,如:

Blackmur, Richard P.Introduction. The Art of the Novel:

Critical Prefaces. By Henry James. New York: Scribners,

1962.vii-xxxix.

如果引言与著作为同一人所写,则其格式如下例所示(By后只需注明作者姓即可):

Emery, Donald. Preface. English Fundamentals. By Emery.

London: Macmillan, 1972.v-vi.

A Multivolume Work

Browne, Thomas. The Works of Sir Thomas Browne. Ed.

Geoffrey Keynes. 4 vols. London: Faber, 1928.

Browne, Thomas. The Works of Sir Thomas Browne. Ed.

Geoffrey Keynes. Vol.2. London: Faber, 1928. 4 vols.

第一条目表明该著作共4卷,而论文作者使用了各卷内容;第二条目则表明论文作者只使用了第2卷中的内容。

A Selection from an Anthology

Abram, M. H.“English Romanticism: The Spirit of the Age.”

Romanticism Reconsidered. Ed. Northrop Frye. New

York: Columbia UP,1963.63-88.

被引用的英语论文名须用引号标出,并注意将英语论文名后的句点置于引号内。条目末尾必须注明该文在选集中的起止页码。

Articles in Journals, Magazines, and Newspapers

Otto, Mary L.“Child Abuse: Group Treatment for Parents.”

Personnel and Guidance Journal 62(1984): 336-48.

报刊杂志名需划线,但其后不需任何标点符号。62为卷号或期号,如既有卷号,又有期号,则要将二者以句号分开。如:(3.3);1984为出版年份,应置于圆括弧中。

Arnold, Marilgn.“Willa Cathers Nostalgia: A Study in

Ambivalance.”Research Studies Mar.1981:23-24,28.

月刊或双月刊须同时注明出版年月;23-24,28表示该文的前一部分刊于第23和24两页,后一部分则转至第28页。

Gorney, Cynthia.“When the Gorilla Speaks.”Washington Post

31 July,1985:B1.

引用日报上的英语论文必须同时注明报纸出版的年、月、日。B1为该文在报纸中的版面及页码。参考文献(略)(摘自《外语与外语教学》1999年第8期，原文：“英语论文写作规范”作者 刘新民)

I am a volunteer of civilization

On Saturday morning, the mother to the street when creating civilized city volunteer, I want my mother to go with me.

In the street, my mother and I are same, chest wearing the brand of volunteers, see the Windows on both sides of the street there are disorderly stick over a small advertising let the owner to remove it; See the floor with paper scraps, pick it up in the bin.

, in front of a small shop has a hurried walk uncle just throw of the finished cigarette butts on the ground, was I saw a pair of "critical", I hurriedly ran to say to him: "uncle, would you please pick up the cigarette butts? We want to be a civilized citizen". Uncle smile at me, al Jefferson said: "good, good, good," and bent down to throw cigarette butts picked up in the bin. At that time, my in the mind to mention how happy. In addition, I also stopped a lot on the side of the road is not according to the parking space vehicles.

After a busy morning, I found I have jurisdiction over the road, road clean, neat, orderly vehicle parking, I am very happy, because I also can contribute to create civilized city.

我是一名文明的志愿者

星期六上午，妈妈要到街上当创建文明城市志愿者，我要妈妈带我一起去。

在街上，我和妈妈一样，胸前佩戴着志愿者的牌子，见到街道两旁的橱窗上有乱贴乱画的小广告就让店主把它撤掉;见到地上有纸屑，就把它捡起来送进垃圾箱。

在一家小商店门前，有一位急匆匆走路的叔叔刚刚把抽完的烟头丢在地上，就被我的一双“火眼金睛”看到了，我连忙跑过去对他说：“叔叔，请您把烟头捡起来好吗?我们要做文明市民”。叔叔冲我笑了笑，连声说：“好、好、好”，并弯腰把烟头捡了起来丢进了垃圾箱。当时，我心里甭提有多高兴了。另外，我还制止了好多起在路边不按停车位停车的车辆。

经过一上午的忙碌，我发现经我管辖的路段，路面干净、整洁，车辆停放有序，我开心极了，因为我也能为创建文明城市做贡献了。

My mother buys me a lot of clothes, among these clothes, I like the sweater which is knitted by my mother best. My mother is good at knitting sweater, she knits the sweater for me in the winter, I feel so warm when I put on it. I am so thankful to my mother, for she taking care of me all the time, I will return her love when I grow up.

我的妈妈给我买了很多的衣服，在这些衣服当中，我最喜欢妈妈给我织的那件毛衣。我的妈妈很擅长织毛衣，她在冬天给我织了那件毛衣，当我穿上那件毛衣的时候，会感觉到很暖和。我很感激我的妈妈，她一直在照顾着我，等我长大了，我要回报她的爱。

its generally considered that reading do a lot of benefit to our students.not only can it make our after-school life more meaningful and corlourful,but it can expand our horizons.as a result,with reading more,we would grow into a better person.

however, in current days,many of us spend most of the leisure time in playing games or surfing the internet,instead of reading. its a pity to find it less and less our students are interesting in reading,or have formed a habit of reading.

so,in order to revive reading,this beneficial activity,wed better take action right now.lets read together,learn together and grow tergether!

大家都普遍认为读书对我们学生有莫大的益处.读书不仅丰富我们的课余时间,而且能拓宽我们的视野.所以,读书能使我们成长成为一个更优秀的人.

然而,在当下,我们中多数人都把大部分空闲时间耗费在玩游戏或者上网上,而不是用来读书.令人遗憾的是,我们越来越少学生对读书感兴趣,或是有读书的习惯.

所以,为了使读书,这种有益的活动重新流行起来,我们最好马上行动起来.让我们一同阅读,一同学习,一同成长!

We are living in a society where people help each other in many ways. Not only does helping good for people, it is also good for our society.

Helping each other does good for people in different ways. Nobody can survive or live a better life without having other peoples help in our society. On the other hand, helping each other can help the progress of our society. Human labour is a good example.

Last but not least, helping each other does good for people and the society where they are living in!

My mother is a very harsh and very cheerful mom, how severe? How cheerful, please listen to me slowly Road to.

Once, math test, I only test 68 points. Before I promised the mother, must be admitted to 95 points, but the test into this. I can not let my mother sign. Had to go to the talent factory to find a person to help me sign, signed a good, he even told me to 10 dollars, or to the school. I had to give him 10 dollars.

After the home, my mother asked me: "Nunu, how many points test," I said: "No ... ... did not grant out!" Mother said: "Nu Nu, do not lie mother." I saw, Leaked. Had to say: "6 ... ... 67." Mother one, grabbed the bag, a look at the circle. "Who gave you the sign!" I said, "I spent 10 dollars." My mother heard, sweep the pestle bar will hit me, I cried, my mother soft, sweeping the pestle bar down. Since then, I have never had this too.

Mother to do the first hand of good food, and often I and my father to feed the round roll: what boiled fish friends, Sanguo rapeseed, boiled meat friends ... ... more is. Because my mother in the cooking time when humming, I called this cheerful.

I love my mother!