英国和美国的文化差异英语作文【精选20篇】

It is widely noted that lots of traditional culture is disappearing along

with the development of technology. Many ancient architectures and traditional

ways of living have been deserted. It seems that the traditional culture and

craftsmanship will be replaced in this modern era.

The following reasons can account for the above phenomenon. Firstly,

traditional technologies are always considered ineffective while the new

sciences are always highly efficient, because modern science and technology

facilitate both our daily and academic life a lot, with which we can save much

money and time. Secondly, it is costly to protect the traditional culture,

especially the maintenance and repair of the historical buildings.

In my opinion, although traditional culture is an ancient heritage, it

couldnt keep pace with the development of society. It is the tide of history

that the traditional culture and technology will no doubt be eliminated in the

end.

ghosts and goblins are more than halloween decorations or costumes for many americans who confessed they believe in the supernatural and returning from the grave。

thirty—seven percent of 2，100 adults questioned in a zogby interactive poll said they think ghosts are real， and 23 percent believe they have been visited by a deceased relative or friend。

even the 22 percent who said they have not had any ghostly experiences themselves know someone who has。

"more than a third of americans have this belief that ghosts do exist，" said a spokesman for zogby， adding that the findings were surprising。

nearly half of those questioned said if they could be a ghost， they would choose to come back as themselves。

but belief in the supernatural is not required to enjoy halloween。 eighty—seven percent of parents said their children would be dressing up for the holiday and 71 percent would be trick—or—treating。

but 41 percent of adults said they were not celebrating halloween， including 12 percent who cited religious reasons。

serial killers were deemed to be the scariest costumes， followed by the walking dead and zombies。

The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history,along with

the advance of the society and the increaceingly rapid economic globalization

and urbanization, which resulted in the phenomenon that we are accustomed to

living a very fast rhythm lifestyle,ignoring the Chinese traditional

culture.

It is universally acknowledged that Chinese culture has a history of more

than two thousand years, which once had great influence on the world, such as

Japan, South Korea and other Asian and European countries. As one of the four

ancient civilizations,China creates many splendid cultures,such as the four

ancient Chinese inventions,which benefited human society in the history.

Although China risks copying the Western lifestyle’s worst aspects,

especially of unhealthy eating and drinking,Which once gave rise to many

problems.Fortunately,Chinese begin to realize the importance of Chinese

traditional culture.Such examples might be given easily,Chinese traditional

culture was added into our CET4 and CET6 ,which help us get hold of it

better.

不可思议的是，他们很少会把外衣、内衣分开洗，甚至会把脏鞋子和内衣放一起洗，他们的理由是烘干机带有消毒功能。

我曾在洛杉矶呆过三个月。东西方文化的差异、生活习性的迥异常让我倍感孤独和不知所措。

一次，参加美国朋友的家庭宴会，宾朋满座。同桌有一年长的老妇人，为了表达礼节，我起身端起酒杯，微笑着向她敬酒：“祝您老身体健康，福祥延年！”可是，老妇人并没有接受我的敬酒，相反脸色骤变，一句简短的“对不起”后，就离开了座位。我不知所措，同桌的朋友小声告诉我，美国人最不能容忍的就是别人说自己“老”，老年人绝不喜欢别人恭维他们的年龄，哪怕是80岁的老妪，你也得赞美她：“您真年轻，您真漂亮，祝您一直美丽。”而在我国，“老”字在中国是尊称，老年人是很受人尊敬的，在美国，老却是“人老珠黄不值钱”的代名词。没想到，我为了表示东方人的友好礼貌，竟无意间伤害了那位老妇人，令她和我都狼狈不堪。

还有一次，我在公园的长凳上休息。不远处，一对情侣模样的男女牵着两只雪纳瑞犬向我这边走来。我特别喜欢狗，看到这两只长得几乎一模一样的可爱狗狗，心生欢喜，更勾起了我对自己爱犬的想念，我不由自主地迎了过去。我一边向主人打招呼，一边蹲下抱起一只狗狗，拿出包内的烤肉和面包，毫不吝惜的拿在手里喂给狗狗吃。两人惊愕地看了我几秒后，飞快地拉着狗狗快步跑开，留下怔怔的我眼睁睁瞧着他们离开我的视线。后来，和朋友偶然说起这事，朋友说，有狗狗的美国家庭，都特别宠爱自己的狗狗，而且狗狗和自己的孩子享受一样的家庭待遇。陌生人没有征求主人的同意擅自喂他的狗狗，主人会很不高兴，他会担心你喂给狗狗的食物有毒或是劣质的。无意之中，我又犯了美国人的一大忌。

那段时间，我暂住朋友家里，美国人的阳台上几乎从不晾晒衣物。并不是美国人不爱干净，在一个家庭里，家庭成员通常会把每天换下的脏衣服、脏鞋子统一放在一个很大的收纳篮里，到了周末再进行大清洗。洗好的衣物直接放烘干机里烘干，绝少拿到阳台接受阳光的暴晒。不可思议的是，他们很少会把外衣、内衣分开洗，甚至会把脏鞋子和内衣放一起洗，他们的理由是烘干机带有消毒功能，这让我或多或少有些瞠目结舌。我受不了这些，坚持自己每天洗衣、在阳台晾晒衣物的习惯，弄得朋友不以为然地直摇头。

美国人吃的东西就那区区几种，可厨房用具却琳琅满目，一应俱全。我在朋友家的厨房里会经常拿着不知名的餐具不知所用，傻帽得可以。实际上，朋友家的饭菜很简单，一般是水果蔬菜沙拉配各类烤肉、奶酪、面包，再就是各种甜品点心，直腻得我胃内抽筋，耳里老幻想炒菜时菜下油锅时那一阵“滋啦”的美妙音响。美国人家的厨房很干净，油烟很少，电磁炉、电烤箱、微波炉就基本满足了他们生活所需，你想在他们的厨房里找出一口炒菜的铁锅，那是件很难的事情。我忍不住了，去超市买了口铁锅，拿回朋友的家里，把它架在电磁炉上，郑重其事地炒了一个纯中国式的青椒土豆丝，美美地品尝着来美后的第一顿中国菜。朋友用叉子叉了几根品尝后，竖起大拇指：“好吃，好吃！”？

[文化差异让我不知所措作文

The story about Valentine‘s Day.

There is a touching story about Valentine‘s Day from Europe. However, it is in honor of the great brother Valentine.

Long long ago, the tyrant Claudius was in chare of Roman. His tyranny made all the people angry and indignant. Not only lost people their home, but also wars were broken everywhere. What a worse, all the men must join in the army so that increase power. When the news was spread, every couple was forced to separate. Even if lovers must damage the marriage contract. This was more than people could bear. However, tyranny could not stop loving and love moved Valentine. In order to finished lovers’ dream, he helped them to hold weddings. Unluckily, Claudius heard it and he decided to sentence Valentine to dead on Feb.14th.

扩展阅读：美国人如何过情人节

移民美国后，相信很多移民者都对美国的节日有很大的兴趣，也曾有人咨询过移民专家，美国人过情人节嘛?回答当然是肯定的。美国人怎样过情人节?最传统和流行的做法是给爱的人送鲜花送巧克力，或者一定要提前预定餐厅座位，吃一顿浪漫晚餐。 美国人并不认为上了年纪的人就没有必要过情人节，在美国，情人节可不是年轻人的专利，而是所有年龄段的情人节。另外，还有人总是错误的以为，情人节是属于未婚思维情人间节日。

在美国人概念里，情人节是属于所有相亲相爱的生活伴侣的节日。情人节这天，也是美国餐馆最火爆的日子，好像比其它节日还火爆。

当然，不仅是对于美国人，对于任何国家的人来说，情人节当之无愧成为最浪漫的节日。移民美国后，你就会慢慢的融入进美国人的生活中，类似美国人过情人节吗?这类问题不用再咨询，随着生活就都了解了。

假定你是高三学生李华。你的美国中学生笔友 George来信，询问你的暑假计划。请你根据以下要点用英语写一封回信告诉他你的几点安排（阅读，陪伴父母及做兼职）。内容包括：

1.你的安排及相应理由；

2.询问对方暑假计划。注意：

1.词数 100左右，开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear George,

How is everythinggoing?

Dear George,

How is everything going?I’m glad to receive your letter, in which you asked about my plan for the coming summer holiday. And now I’m writing to tell you something about it.

To start with, I intend to read some books, ranging from famous Chinese literary works to original English novels. As is known, wide reading contributes to enriching our knowledge and broadening our horizons. Then what I’d like to do is (to) spend more time accompanying my parents by chatting more with them and helping do the housework, which I consider is a good way to repay what they have done for me. Additionally, doing a part-time job during the holiday is also included in my plan because through it, not only can I acquire practical skills, but also the experience will enable me to adapt to the future social life more easily.

Such is my arrangement, and what about yours? Hopefully, you can share it with me. I’m looking forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Hua

亲爱的乔治，

一切都好吗？我很高兴收到你的来信，信中你询问了我对即将到来的暑假的计划。现在我写信告诉你一些事情。

首先，我打算读一些书，从中国著名的文学作品到英国原创小说。众所周知，博览群书有助于丰富我们的知识和开阔我们的视野。那么我想做的是花更多的时间陪父母，多和他们聊天，帮他们做家务，我认为这是回报他们为我所做的一切的好方法。另外，在假期做兼职也被列入我的计划，因为通过它，我不仅可以获得实用的技能，而且经验会使我更容易适应未来的社会生活。

这是我的安排，你的呢？希望你能和我分享。我期待你的答复。

你的，

李华

Last week, I visited the geological museum with my best friend, Liu Bing.

It was my first time to go there. The moment we arrived there, we found that the

building was grand. When we walked into it, there was a big hall in front of us.

And then there were several rooms to show different kinds objects. There was a

room for collecting scripts and paintings. There was another room to store

clothes and shoes in the old times. The next room was for collecting the daily

necessities in the old days. In a word, all the things in it had a long history.

I learnt some knowledge from it.

Like tangible cultural heritages such as the Great Wall and the Forbidden

City, intangible cultural heritages like Peking Opera and

Confucius-commemorating rituals are equally crucial. We should make our utmost

efforts to preserve intangible heritages because, without their physical form of

existence, they are in greater risk of extinction.

According to UNESCO’s Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible

Cultural Heritage (2003), all forms of social customs and habits, folklore,

performing arts, rituals, oral traditions, festivals, traditional crafts and

various knowledge and practices about nature and universe can be classified as

intangible cultural heritages. As a country consisting of a great diversity of

ethnic groups and with time-honored history and civilization, China abounds in

intangible cultural heritages. Cultural heritages connect modern people with the

historical past, allowing them to acquire a cultural and historical identity.

Without cultural heritages, we would be rendered absolutely rootless and we

would find it hard to cope with challenges at present and in the future.

However, the modernization process poses mounting threats to intangible

heritages. Many people have a blind faith in the latest electronic devices. It

is also pathetic to see elderly people in possession of such legacies pass away

without transmitting them to the younger generation. Faced with those

challenges, we should both preserve and renovate our ancestral heritages so that

we can help contribute to the cultural diversity of the world and return to our

spiritual homeland in this age of impersonal science and technology.

The difference between chinese and western culture

With the rapidly challging word, people throughout the world have found it increasingly necessary to minimize the rate of misunderstanding due to miscommunication in their contacts with another. In the oast most human beings were born, lived, and died within a limited geoographical area, never encountering people of other cultural backgrounds. It might be said that technological advances have been most effective in creating the borderless word, the global community. As our world shrinks and its inhabitants become interdependent, people from remot cultures increasingly come into contact on a daily basis. It is no longer hard to find situations in which membes of ince isolared groups of people. Now these people may live thousands of miles away or right next door to each other. So all the people are faced with the challenge of understand this world. So when the east meet west, there are many problems. Some problems are listed as follows.

First of all, the way of eating. All huaman beings have certain basic needs. Our fundamental needs for things that keep us alive. This is the physioligical need. All individuals must eat in order to survive. But what people eat, when they eat, and the manners in which they eat are all patterned by culture. No society views everything in its environment that is edible and might provide nurishment as food. Americans eat oysters but not snail. The French eat snails but not locusts. The Jews eat fish but not pork. The Hindus eat pork but not beef. The Russiand eat beef but not snake. We all have ideas about what kinds of food are good to eat. We also have ideas about what kinds of food are bad to eat. As a result, people from one culture often think the food that people from another culture eat are disgusting or nauseating. Dislike is not the only reason why some culture will not eat a certain food. In some clture, certain foods are taboo. Sometimes the food taboos may be so strong thrat just the thought of eating forbidden foods can cause an indivdual to feel ill. We can also find culture difference in way of bring up children treating the early, greeting each other, saying and spending money before other people do in everyday, but in some English-speaking countries, people do not agree with us. We chinese may enjoy something that is not usually consider as edible by the English-speaking people. Generally we perfer to have thing hot and much emphasis on the taste. We eat from one plate when we are eating with others, and we like to seat one by one, and in the shape of a round. On the opposite, some English-speaking contries, most of the people like to seat in two rows, two people face to face. They have their own plate. On the aspect of table manners, there are many differences between chinese and English-speaking people. For example, in some Englishi-speaking countries, Bread plates are to the left of the main plate, beverage glasses are to the right. Salad fork, knife and soup spoon are further from the

main plate than the main course knife, fork and spoon. When eating bread rolls, break off a piece before buttering. Use the knife only to butter the bread, not to cut it. They should not start eating before your host does or instructs to do so. At larger meals, it is considered okay to start eating once others have been served. When finished, place the knife and fork together at five o’clock with the fork on the left. It is considered rude to answer the telephone at the table. If need to take an urgent call, excuse self and go outside. Try to eat all the food you are served. But in China, the table manners are different. Chinese traditionally eat rice from a small bowl held in the left hand. The rice bowl is raised to the mouth and the rice pushed into the mouth using the chopsticks. Some Chinese find it offensive to scoop rice from the bowl using a spoon. If rice is served on a plate, as is more common in the West, it is acceptable and more practical to eat it with a fork or spoon. The thumb must always be above the edge of the bowl. The host should always make sure the guests drinks are sufficiently full. One should not pour for ones self, but should offer to pour for a neighbor. When your drink is being poured, you should say "thank you" and tap fingers on the table to show appreciation. When people wish to clink drinks together in the form of a cheer, it is important to observe that younger members should clink the edge of their drink below the edge of an elder to show respect.

Secondly, the way of communication. Form birth to death, communication plays an integral part in our life. There are some language problems, including the different styles of using language such as direct, indirect; expansive, succinct; argumentative, conciliatory; instrumental, harmonnizing; and so on. These different styles can lead to wrong interpretations of intent and evaluation of insincerity, aggreeiveness, deviousness, or arrogance, among other. The misinterpretation nonverbal signs and symbols such as gestures, postures, and other body movements. It is a definite communication barrier. But it is possible to learn the meanings of these observable message,usually in informal rather ways. It is more difficult to understand the less obvious unspoken codes of the other cultures. Language, as the carrier of culture, is created during the process of human beings’ productive labor and serves as the tool of communication to convey the message between people. However, it has been endowed with magic and power in particular language acts. As the old saying goes, troubles come out of the tongue. Superstitious people think that the language itself can bring about fortune or misfortune so that taboos to restrict the use of language are created. Anyone who violates them will get punishment, whereas those who faithfully obey the restrictions of language taboo will get protection. Furthermore, linguistic taboos change with the development of society .The paper firstly analyzes the evolution of linguistic taboo. It is indicated in the paper that linguistic taboo exists in almost every aspect of people’s life and is a universal social phenomenon in China and Britain. Both Chinese and

English cultures are in agreement about linguistic taboos such as pronunciation taboo, and vocabulary taboo. However, influenced by different cultural backgrounds, ideologies and the concepts of value, Chinese and English linguistic taboos also have differences, as is discussed in the paper from the aspects of taboo subjects, taboo numbers and names. At last, this paper puts forward two effective ways of avoiding taboo, that is, using euphemism and having a good knowledge of the taboo culture. And this discussion would help English learners improve their ability of cross-cultural communication and achieve better communicational effects. For example, During the feudal times, people were not equal to the rulers and were suppressed by their superiors. The distinction between the upper and the lower classes was also reflected in the evaluation of the language used by them respectively. The words of upper class used were considered good and elegant while those used by the lower class were regarded as vulgar and indecent and should be avoided in the speech of ladies and gentlemen. In modern society, as a result of the development of science and technology, many natural phenomena are no longer mysterious. Human beings not only constantly improve their abilities to exploit the world where they are living through their great wisdom and knowledge, but also make efforts to explore the extraterrestrial world. Science has much more say in today’s society. Thereby, the superstitious elements in linguistic taboos decrease while those reflecting spiritual civilization increase.

In short, by comparison, we can find that both Chinese and English communication reflect people’s psychology for good will, for safety and fortune and pleasantness. The Chinese and English people restrict their words and deeds through taboos, trying to keep a harmonious relationship between human and nature, or between people and society. They are a reflection of people’s pursuit of freedom and equality.

The most important, the different way of family structure, family values and family education. Family structure is the big difference between east and west, traditional chinese, amony many other Asians, repect their elders and feel a deep sense of duty toward them. Children repay their parents` sacrifices by being successful and supporting them in old age. This is accepted as a natural part of life in China. In contrast, taking care of aged parents is often viewed as a tremendous burden in the English-speaking countries, where aging and family support are not honored highly. In some English-speaking countries are still extrmely family-oriented. They are dedicated to helping their children and will sacrifice greatly for their children to get an edcuation. In turn, the children are devoted to their parents, who often live nearby. Grown children who go away and leave the country for the economic reasons typically send large parts of their salary home to their parents and the rest of the family. Or in some Asia, any decisions or actions are done from family consideration, not individual desires. Peope`s behavior is judged on whether it

brings shame or pride to the family. The children are trained to rely on their families, to honor elderly people, and to fear foreigners. And many of them think that their actions in this life will influence their status in the next life.

The way of family edcation is also the different. We all know the family education is the elementary education for children. Many serious problems have appeared in our education system in recent years. Almost everyone has realized the importance of solving these problems and many people have presented a lot of valuable suggestions. There are many types of family education in the world and each of them shows distinctive features and is closely responsive to its culture. And American family education is the most famous one among them. There are great differences in the concepts of education, methods of education and results of education between East family education and West family education. In some English-speaking countries, parents’ aims are to train their children to have the ability of adapting to environmental variety and the ability of living independently. Based on this concept, most American parents emphasize more to train their children’s ability of independence once they are born. They generally believe that children’s growth must rely on their own experiences, because they think that children should form a self-supporting will and the capacity to live independently since their childhood. And the capacity comes from the training in the early age. The so-called training contains many aspects, such as work, temper will, patience, the spirit of hard work, etc. However, the most fundamental training is the ability of adapting to hard conditions. Through the process of work, children will form the labor sense, learn some work skills and form a habit of labor. Besides, children can learn how to overcome difficulties, temper their willpower, develop their talents and skills, rich their knowledge, and form a habit of hard work and thrifty by working in hard conditions. It is just in the unconsciously process that children will obtain the independent survivability and take the responsibilities for the society. Compared with some English-speaking countries, Chinese parents have a very different concept of children’s education. Some parents in China only care about whether the children have a promising future, a good job, a good life or not. Based on these expectations, the majority of parents feel that their responsibility for their children is to create as good conditions as possible they can so that the children will not worry about anything in the future. Chinese parents would like to provide everything what they can for their children in the process of children’s growth. In short, they would like to sacrifice anything if their children can live better with their help. Therefore, in the process of children’s growth, the most important thing the parents concerning is to developing their children’s intellect, except for caring children’s daily life. In order to make their children have a good performance in study, become outstanding, or even become a famous person in the future, they would not let children do anything except studying. As for the children’s independence, civic awareness and their ability adapting to the

society in the future, they consider little or not at all. From these aspects we can find the obvious differences of family education between America and China.

When we faced with those difference between West and East, we should give some advice to solve these problems. According to the three big difference that pointed, we should find some way to deal with these problems.

We can study other languages and learn to expect in nonvwebal forms and other cultural aspects. We can train ourselves to meet intercultural encounters with more attention to situation details. We can use an investigative approach rather than stereotypes and preconceptions. We can gradually expose ourselves to differences so that they become less threatening. We can even learn to lower our tension level when needed to advoid triggering defensive reactions. The overall goal should be to achieve intercultural communication competence.

So the ideal solution to reduce the problems are to share knowledge with others in communication. This is why it is easiest to communicate with other members of the same group. This is why people so often gather together socially with others who are very much like them. Since intercultural communication is communication with members of different cultual groups, and therefore, because we do not share knowledge, assumptions, values, and forms of discourse with them, we must expect there to be problems of interpretation. We must look for these problems, anticipate where they will arise out of our differences, and then plan our aommunications to be as effective as possible.

However, we have to remember that, most of the time, the different ways that are the customs of dfferent cultures are neither right nor wrong. It is simply that different people do the same tings in different manners, even though we can not understand ,we should show the respect. I believe this is the best way to make our life become more comfortable and make the world more harmonious.

My English friend name is jim.

He is ten, his family in london,he and his family member comes our china to play.he has a cosin,he name is qianyu hi is oniy four years old,but he has a lot of questions.look he is pointing at the chopsticks to ask that my this is anything.

I and jim has become the good friend .several days later jim said that he wanted, he said that i love china .i will forget that you zhou lei, will have free time london to look at me .ok see you jim.see you.

[我的英国朋友的英语作文

(American Students in Countryside )

eleven students from world college, west of the united states, kissed their newly-made chinese fathers and mothers, brothers and sisters “zaijian”(goodbye), tears in eyes, when leaving jiangwan township, in shanghai suburbs. these students, who are studying on a program of international relations, are believed to be the first hatch① of foreign students to live with chinese village families.

the students stayed in the village for two months. at daytime, they were given chinese language and history courses in the village classroom and took part in agricultural practice in the fields. they spent the rest of their time with the peasants, carrying water from wells, making a fire for cooking, even feeding babies.mr. carlos liked to take little children for a ride in bicycle whereas mr. david often played cards with his young chinese friends. miss tracy, a pretty l9-year-old girl, concentrated her enthusiasm on giving english lessons to pupils at jiangwan primary school. mr. richard with his video camera② finished a tv documentary③ about chinese village life.“we like the life here. its so quiet, so plain, yet so interesting,”said miss sandra, one of the students.

lunch time was the most enjoyable for both guest and host. they talked about everything that interested them. the villagers regarded these students as their own sons, daughters, brothers, or sisters.“this new form is also beneficial④ to ourselves,”said u hongming, deputy director ⑤ of jiangwan township. “we are looking forward to welcoming more foreign students to come here.”

indeed, the students not only learned chinese, but also knew more deeply about china within the two months. “weve learned a lot which we couldnt just at chinese colleges,” said miss nona from canada. when asked about the purpose of going to china and staying with chinese villagers, tracy showed her several articles published in an american newspaper:“living, studying and learning to accept and work within another entirely different culture is an important aspect⑥ of every society. communication, understanding, and above all, love are imperative⑦ for world peace.”

【词语解释】

①hatch [h$tm] n. (小鸡等)一窝;(喻)一群，一组(年轻人)

②video camera [vidi u k$m r ] n. 电视摄像机

③documentary[?d&kjument ri] n. 纪录影片

④beneficial [benifim l] a. 有利的;有益的

⑤deputy director[depjuti direkt ] 副乡(镇)长

⑥aspect[$spekt] n. (问题、事物的)方面

⑦ imperative [imper tiv] a. 绝对必要的

My English friend

我的英国朋友

My English friend name is jim.

He is ten, his family in london,he and his family member comes our china to play.he has a cosin,he name is qianyu hi is oniy four years old,but he has a lot of questions.look he is pointing at the chopsticks to ask that my this is anything.

I and jim has become the good friend .several days later jim said that he wanted, he said that i love china .i will forget that you zhou lei, will have free time london to look at me .ok see you jim.see you.

【参考翻译】

我的英国朋友的名字是吉姆。

他10岁了，他的家人在伦敦，他和他的家人来到了中国旅游，他的名字叫千羽喜，仅仅四岁，但他有很多问题.他指着筷子问我这是什么。

我和吉姆已经成为了很好的朋友。几天后，吉姆说，他想要的，他说，我爱中国，我不会忘记你周磊，将有空闲时间来伦敦看我。

据钱江晚报的消息说，2月17日7点,张艺谋执导的电影《长城》，终于在北美上映了。首日票房五百九十万美元(折合人民币约四千零四十九万)，是中国内地首日票房一点二四亿人民币的三分之一，紧随《乐高蝙蝠侠》、《五十度黑》，位列第三。而根据预测，在全美三千三百多家影院大规模上映的《长城》，首周末四天有望拿下近两千万美元。不少媒体认为，在视觉和机构上，这《长城》借鉴了《权力的游戏》和《星河战队》等好莱坞的一些核心元素，找来好莱坞水准的特效团队，加上马特·达蒙等有号召力的影星加盟，走的是“标准大片范儿”的路线。然而，故事本身却收到各种花式吐槽。

即便如此，在鉴于电影在国内的票房不如预期，所以此次在北美的票房无疑是重中之重。但影评惨不忍睹，社交媒体上的吐槽随处可见，未来票房收入前景黯淡。有这么一篇题为《为什么中国和好莱坞无法交融》中有几句话还是有几分道理的，如果说好莱坞希望与中国电影人合作的话，那就应该放弃不伦不类的合拍片。更好的做法，是在中国建立一家国际制片公司来培养年轻的中国电影人和编剧，并帮助他们创作出可以吸引中国观众的影片。这才是中国以及好莱坞制作卖座影片的有效的诀窍。

但是，在许多国内媒体看来，该片北美票房似乎是一个差强人意的成绩。该片启用了好莱坞巨星马克·达蒙，张艺谋在过去有十七部电影在北美上映，也是为美国观众所熟知的华人导演。特效方面启用世界顶尖的特效公司工业光魔、维塔工作室。总之，在国内媒体看来，这应该是一部拿去和《魔兽》这样的顶级好莱坞魔幻片大制作比较的影片。实际上对于北美观众来说，这首先是一部中美合拍片，即使有了呆萌的加盟，它更合理的比较对象，依然应该是《英雄》，而不是《魔兽》。将《长城》票房与好莱坞顶级魔幻大制作比较，对它也并不公平。

单单从文化上有不适应性，剧中守城士兵的服装过于夸张，产生一种可笑而不严肃的观感。诸如像“片子无聊”、“痛苦地令人感到毫无启发”、“漂亮面孔的堆砌”，也无非是全片存在文化不兼容性，除了一些华丽的视效外，电影本身情节太过可预测，对白苍白，无法给观众带来有精神冲击的观影感受。而有评论者认为，若是能仔细想想，就好比是抗日神剧，类似“我爷爷在我很小的时候就死了”层出不穷，可还是挡不住大家看，不免在观影时是一边骂一边看的。但是在神剧里我们还可以去以血还血、以牙还牙来对待。

尽管片中也有不少张艺谋惯用的元素，《英雄》，《十面埋伏》，《黄金甲》三部古装片积累的经验都可在本片见到，比如像飞刀“仙人指路”一样的射箭表演，皇宫里斑斓的色彩，团体操式的行军打仗设计。但这些都是皮毛，它的内核看不到张艺谋的追求，若这样来看的话，张艺谋早期选故事很有投机眼光，他那时拍出的文艺片都很有话题性，可以同时满足东西方观众的猎奇心理。到了上个世纪九十年代中后期，张艺谋的方寸就有点乱了。那感觉就像他被资本牵着鼻子走，被商业大潮卷来卷去身不由己。是因为他对于导演文艺片这件事厌倦了或是江郎才尽了?也可能是因为他选择文艺片故事的投机眼光出问题了。

换句话说，诸如像那些个消极的批评其实是不甚公平的，容易忽视《长城》的文化和历史价值。原本观众们在电影里看到的往往是阿米利肯联邦的超级英雄们忙着拯救人类，主战场往往在阿米利肯的城市里。难免有人批评说，这个电影不应该叫《长城》，或许应该叫《我在宋朝打怪兽》之类的名称更合适。然而，这种批评意见没有意识到，如此的“长城”这个名称与其说是在命名故事情节，不如说是在表现文化要素，在进行文化释放。不错，长城就是天朝文化的典型代名词之一，伫立在那里。

然这问题是对于电影欢迎一切科学的、实事求是的、公正的批评，但批评不是“阴谋”的狂欢，不是“预谋”的胜利。若是说这恶意影评是一把双刃剑，博眼球能赢得一时的利益，但实际上却是饮鸩止渴，大浪淘沙终将被淘汰。不知道这批评应该是基于事实，不是站队，或者说对于影评中的摆事实讲道理，是电影批评起码的起点。即便是电影用了中国文化的象征做故事背景，那么对于导演和演员都太有名了。这两点的存在，难道电影上不上映都注定了要被骂么。电影《长城》当前水深火热的处境，不仅仅来源于电影本身质量与观众对张艺谋电影心理期待的巨大价值差，更来源于现今乌烟瘴气的网络舆论生态。

另则评论者认为，说张艺谋算是做的很优秀了。虽然也赞同从转战商业电影开始的作品，文化厚度与思维深度都有一定程度的下滑，但不容置喙的是无论英雄也好长城也罢，影片的可观赏性并未减弱。但毕竟在网络信息社会及知识化水平的提高在不断提升着大众的审美，此间也有很多人吐槽片中的“擂鼓”和“边塞歌”等场景，我很想说，文化程度高但是知识水平低的人真是好多好多。影片中庄严有节奏的出战擂鼓仪式，被无知评论说成“双节棍”，虽然我没有查证找出宋代当时军队出战时的擂鼓方式具体如何，但我肯定也是庄重肃穆整齐划一的，至少不会像一些影视剧中衙门击鼓告状那么简单，而摄影出身且对细节要求苛刻的张艺谋，必定也是查阅了大量文献资料才会将它展示在影片中的。

即便如此，之前看多几部好莱坞电影的都清楚，从成龙时代到近几年的《敢死队》、《变形金刚》、《惊天魔盗团》，中西结合已成为一部影片国际化的一大常见卖点了，并不稀奇。若说这张艺谋如此设定可能是在商业化《英雄》的基础上将中国文化中国元素中国电影迈向更高的国际化舞台，而更深入的探索中西方元素在文化与艺术两个层面更恰当友好的融合对于所谓的“边塞歌”等场景同理，实话说这些场景还都挺美。这也就是中国当前网络舆论生态中的一大乱象了，所有该关注该研究的事物，很少有人会去花心思挖掘探索，反倒是对那些无意义的不该操心的事情，个个兴致盎然。巧的是这次的《长城》正好又是一部“无意义的不该操心的事情”比较多的电影，这《长城》被置于如此风口浪尖也就不足为奇了。诸如此类。

the englishman love to behave gentlemanly and the englishwoman love to behave ladily. they also show their respect to ladies. they always say" lady first". in their daily life. the english pay attention to their appearance. they dress neatly. they shake hands when they meet other. when they are with others, they usually say "please""thank you""sorry" and so on. the breakfast in britain is very rich. usually there are all kinds of egg products, oatmeal, bacon, ham, sausages, butter, jam, bread, milk, juice, coffee and so on. they are popular with the western countries. whats more, the english like drinking tea. they have the habit of drink afternoon tea at about 3 in the afternoon. they enjoy drinking tea and treat it as a kind of seeing friends.

英国人崇尚“绅士风度”和“淑女风范”，讲究“女士优先”。在日常生活中，英国人注意仪表，讲究穿著，英国人的见面礼是握手礼。与人交往时，注重用敬语“请”、“谢谢”“对不起”等。英式菜的早餐很丰盛，一般有各种蛋品、麦片粥、咸肉、火腿、香肠、黄油、果酱、面包、牛奶、果汁、咖啡等，受到西方各国普遍的欢迎。另外，英国人喜欢喝茶，有在下午3点左右吃茶点的习惯，英国人把喝茶当作一种享受，也当作一种社交。

Steve Rogers was born in the Great Depression of a poor, vulnerable youth. Because of the news that the Nazis had invaded and invaded Europe in Europe, they wanted to join the army.

But because the infirm refused. Inadvertently learned that Steve Rogerss sincere desire of general Chester Phillips decided to give him a chance, let him take part in the rebirth program".

After several weeks of testing, Steve Rogers was injected with a super soldier serum and was bombarded with ultraviolet irradiation, and finally has the most perfect body of human beings.

Then he received a physical and tactical training. After three months, he has been as "Captain America" first job with indestructible shield and well versed in tactical mind, he put in the fight with the red skull, and eventually stop the red skulls evil plan, but he has therefore been frozen until 70 years after woke up.

美利坚民族是个年轻、天真、自信、富有生气的民族。像个血气方刚的青年人，美国人生性好动，不甘寂寞。像个精力充沛的年轻人，美国人不停地干这忙那，似乎有永远也使不完的精力。城市里的人似乎永远赶着去什么地方;乡村里的人总是在农田、养鸡场、谷仓、奶牛场之间奔跑不停;办公室里的人有着堆成山似的文字工作(paper work)要做;公司里的秘书手脚不停地接电话、送文件。你在街上走逛，后面的人会大步流星地超赶到你的前面;你去餐馆就餐，难得寻觅到能与你说笑寒喧的伴侣。生活的节奏像一根上足了的发条一样，有条不紊地不停运转，构成了一幅繁忙、近乎于疯狂的现代人生活画面。

美国人的快节奏生活方式，除了止述美利坚民族好动不好静的秉性之外，很大程度上与他们社会的激烈竞争息息相关。美国是个市场经济高度发达的国家，“物竞天择，适者生存”的法则是它的运转规律，不进则退，不胜则败。为了生存和成功，美国人必须拼搏和奋斗，而拼搏与奋斗的一个重要方面是与他人抢时间、争速度，使自己始终处于依靠地位。由此可见，美国人的快节奏生活方式是被他们紧张激烈的社会竞争所“逼迫”出来的。因为这种“逼迫”无时不在、无处不有，美国人对快节奏生活方式也就习惯成自然了。

真话重于客气

在不少国家，人们互相交谈时，喜欢拣对方高兴听的知说，而不愿指出事实真相，以免伤了和气。这多半是出于客气(courtesy)和礼貌(politeness)。但在美国人的眼光里，这种心地善良的客气和礼貌不及真话重要。美国人的伦理价值观中有一条箴言：“诚实为上策” (Honesty is the best policy)。换句话说，在比较诚实、客气、礼貌、家族声誉孰轻孰重时，美国人把诚实放在首位。因此，在美国如果要说某人的坏话，最厉害的一句是“你不能相信他”(You cannot trust him)。

试举例说明。一个美国人驾车赶路，途中，他问一路人：“这里距离下一个市镇还有多远?”在一些把客气礼貌放在高于真实位置的国家里，路边这位先生也许马上想到赶路者已疲倦不堪，急欲抵达目的地，于是便客客气气地说，“顺着这条路走就到了”(Just down the road)。他以为这样回答能使赶路者心里宽慰从而更振足精神。然而，当这美国人开了好半天的车才到达要去的市镇时他会心情不畅，甚至气愤，觉得自己受骗了(feeling tricked)。在他看来，那位路边人明知路程很远，却存心欺骗他。同样的问题，美国人会怎样回答呢?美国人认为，假如他知道下一个市镇还有24英里的路程，回答说“Just down the road”是不诚实的表现。因此，尽管对那疲倦的寻路人极富同情，但他还是实话相告：“有好一段路呢，至少24英里”。(You have a long way to go ;at least 24miles more)。问路者听了也许会失望，但他明白了自己的处境，所以也不会产生误解。

交友

在美国这样一个地域流动(geographical mobility)和社会流动(social mobility)都很的国家里，交友自有它的特色。由于人们时常从一个地方迁徙到另一个地方，他们在交友时所建立的友谊可能一时密切而牢靠。但一旦彼此迁移他处时，他们的友谊可能不久即告消失，双方各自再找合适的新朋友。美国人不会因这种友谊的处理方式而感到“薄情”，更不会觉得自己受了对方的轻视，或者侮辱。大多数情况下，“劳燕分飞”的朋友可能保持通信、或者电话联系一两年，然后逐渐中断联系。有趣的是，一旦有机会再见面，不管间隔多久，昔日的朋友会“和好如初”，重温友情，甚至继续密切往来一段时间。

基于在这交友方式，外国客人去美国人家作客时，可以无拘无束、轻松自在地与他们闲谈、玩耍。他们可以与美国人共弃假期，甚至一起生活，而不必为保持终身友谊而担忧犯愁。就美国人而言，他们邀请外国客人去作客是出于一种友情和好客，他们乐意为这种短暂的友谊花费一定的时间和精力。

爱搞实验

美利坚民族性格中，爱搞实验是她的一个重要特点。从大的范围讲，美国本身就是一个最大的实验场。自哥伦布“发现”北美新大陆后，一批又一批移民涌入美国，根据他们各自理想蓝图，在美国进行不同类型的实验。清教徒要在那里建立一个“天府之国”，共和主义者想在那里建立一个“大同世界”，注重经济发展的人要把那块广阔富饶的土地变成“强盛之邦”。从小的范围看，一代又一代来自世界各地的开拓者，不断地利用一切机会进行各种各样的尝试。有的试图在政治上发迹，有的设法在经济上发财，也有的为了自己的理想之梦而孜孜以求。不管是大范围着眼，还是小范围角度，美国都被看作是“机遇之地”(land of opportunity)，因而可以在那里展开实验。

吃一口饭就是在吃一口美国文化

说起美国餐,你可能立刻想起热狗、汉堡包、薯条和炸鸡。但是,美国餐还包括沙拉、牛排、烤排骨、鲜虾、龙虾、新英格兰奶油蛤汤、炖鸡汤、奶油蘑菇汤等等。不仅如此,美国是个开放的国度,美国餐也是世界各国各地美食的总汇。

在美国餐里,我现在最喜欢吃的是沙拉。它的特点是生,生得颜色很鲜艳,红的是西红柿,绿的是生菜、菠菜、西兰花和芹菜,橘色的是胡萝卜,黄色的是烤面包块和奶酪,白色的是酱和酸奶酪。沙拉保持了原汁原味,各种菜香都可一口品尝到。有些沙拉也加上了烤鸡肉条或培根。沙拉的不同口味主要体现在酱上,有奶油味、意大利甜酸味、印尼千岛味、加州奶油味等等。我喜欢吃沙拉的另一个原因是它营养健康,维生素含量比炒的炸的菜更丰富。

我也爱吃牛排。好的牛排是棕色的,做得好的牛排可顺畅地一切到底。上面经常有很多香喷喷的肉汁。牛排一般半磅到一磅重。好餐馆里一块牛排差不多13美元,在快餐馆里,一块牛排才只有一两美元。

新英格兰奶油蛤汤是我最爱喝的汤。它美味可口,满齿留香。汤是乳白色的,有独特的浓浓的奶油味。除了奶油以外,汤里还包括蛤、贝、芹菜、洋葱和多种草药。这个汤已经在美国餐馆的菜谱里流行几百年了。

苹果派是传统饭后甜点。苹果派有格子的派壳,里面塞满了苹果酱果。甜点一般是为了哄小孩或帮助去除油腻味的。

我知道上面谈到的不能代表整个美国佳肴。但是,每当我品尝这些食品时,就仿佛感受到美国人对大自然的理解,对生活的态度。吃一口饭就是在吃一口美国文化。

To be an American is, as Henry James famously observed, a complex fate. But complexity was that rococo masters stock-in-trade, which may explain why he returned to his native country in 1904 after an absence of more than 20 years. To be sure, he was interested in a Jamesian walk down memory lane, with its full quota of meditative hairsplitting. Yet he also meant to take advantage of his hybrid status as a Europeanized American. I made no scruple, James explains in his introduction, of my conviction that I should understand and should care better and more than the most earnest of visitors, and yet that I should vibrate with more curiosity ... than the pilgrim with the longest list of questions. Vibrate he did, in the ornate and extraordinary periods of his late phase, and the result was a one-of-a-kind travel book, The American Scene.What appalls him the most, though, is the Almighty Dollar, which he perceives as the preliminary American postulate, the very bedrock of New World life: This basis is that of active pecuniary gain and of active pecuniary gain only--that of ones making the conditions so triumphantly pay that the prices, the manners, the other inconveniences, take their place as a friction it is comparatively easy to salve, wounds directly treatable with the wash of gold. Some will argue that the fussbudget author had spent too much time in England, where money remained a dirty word until after the Second World War. Others may find his diagnosis eerily prescient. In any case, The American Scene remains required reading for anybody interested in U.S. history, Henry James, or the incredible evolution of the compound sentence.

带翻译：

一个美国人，因为亨利·詹姆斯曾经有过一个著名的评论，一个复杂的命运。但复杂性是洛可可硕士惯用手段，这或许可以解释为什么他回到自己的祖国1904年的缺失超过20年。可以肯定的是，他是感兴趣Jamesian重温记忆，完整的冥想吹毛求疵的配额。但他也意味着利用混合地位使欧化的美国人。我没有顾虑，詹姆斯解释说在他的介绍，我确信我应该理解和关心更好、更不是最认真的游客，然而，我应该振动有好奇心……比最长的朝圣者的问题列表。振动，在华丽的和非同寻常的时期他的后期阶段，而结果是一个独一无二的旅行书，美国的场景。是什么国家里有着令他最是万能的美元，他认为美国初步假设，新世界的基础生活:此基础上是积极活跃的经济收益和经济条件获得的只有——成功地支付，价格时，礼仪，其他不便，取而代之摩擦是相对容易的药膏，伤口直接与黄金洗治疗。有些人会辩称，大惊小怪的人作者花了太多的时间在英国，那里的钱仍然是一个肮脏的词汇，直到第二次世界大战之后。其他人可能发现他的诊断出奇的有先见之明。在任何情况下，美国仍然需要阅读美国历史上对任何人感兴趣，亨利·詹姆斯，或者是令人难以置信的并列复合句的进化。

2013年山东高考英语作文题目：给美国朋友Tom的回信

第二节：写作(满分30分)

假设你是新华中学的学生李华，你的美国朋友Tom一周前给你发电子邮件，询问你暑假里的打算，但你因准备期末考试未能及时回复。请根据以下要点给他回邮件：

1. 未及时回复的原因;

2. 你假期的打算(如做兼职、旅行、做志愿者等)。

注意： 1. 次数：120~150;

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

【试题点评】

今年的书面表达题目延续山东省一贯的提纲作文命题习惯，时隔一年之后重新回到“书信题”的大框架中，考了一篇“以道歉信为外衣，以活动安排为主体段”的提纲作文，相当于10年山东卷(道歉信)和07年四川卷(假期安排)和合体。这种作文是我们平时经常练习的，因此套路很完善、套话很丰富。此外，本文中需要同学们翻译的难句不多，因此，只要在备考过程中有意识地了解过高考英语作文的提分方法，掌握了常用的亮点词汇、加分句型和过渡词，并加以针对性训练，这道题目应该不难写。

【经典套路】

第一段：问候+写信背景+写信目的

第二段：“道歉”部分(相当于“写信背景”)

第三段：“假期安排”部分

第四段：补充说明+客套话

【高分范文】

Dear Tom,

How are you doing? (问候) You asked me in your last letter about my plan for the coming summer vacation.(写信背景) I am sorry that I didn’t reply without delay.(写信目的)

How I wish I would read and reply your email as soon as I received it. However, I was busy preparing for my final exam at that time, which is vital for me. As a result, I had no choice but to completely focus on my study. I believe that if you were me, you would make the same choice.(第二段为道歉信常见套路)

By the way, I have a busy schedule for my summer vacation.(主题句) First and foremost, I would do a part time job, so that my interpersonal skills would be improved.(拓展句1) Additionally, I will take a short trip to Beijing to take a summer course in the New Oriental School.(拓展句2) Last but not least, maybe I will work as a volunteer for the school as a teaching assistant.(拓展句3)

These are my plan for the summer vacation. What’s yours? I am looking forward to your earliest reply.(以合理的客套话结尾)

Old People in America

In the old days,American families were bigger. People had more children,and grandparents and great-grandparents lived with their families. But now, families are smaller, and many old people

live alone. At the same time, Americans are living longer and longer. The number of old people is always growing.

Some old people like to stay in their old homes. They do not want to move from their old homes. They do not want to move from their hometown. They are near their .friends and family. But some do not have a lot of friends. They want to meet new people. They want to live in a quiet place with other people of their age.

A large number of old people are moving to the South. It is warm there. You do not have to walk through the snow in winter,or pay a lot of money for heating.

A large number of old people are moving to the South only for old people. One of these is Sun City, near Phoenix, Arizona. All the families in Sun City must have one person over the age of 50 ,and children under 18 years old cant live there.

美国的老人

以前美国都是大家庭，Old People in America(美国的老人)，四六级写作《Old People in America(美国的老人)》。人们孩子很多，祖父母和曾祖父母都和家人在一起生活。但现在，家庭越来越小，许多老人独自生活。与此同时，美国人越活越长。老年人的数目总在不断增长。

有些老人喜欢呆在他们原来的房子里。他们不愿意从旧房子里搬出来。他们不想离开家乡。他们想住在朋友和家人附近。但是有些老人朋友不多，他们想结交新人，他们想和其他同龄的老人共同居住在一个僻静的地方。

很多老人正在迁往南部，那里天气暖和。冬天的时候不需要在雪中走路，也不需要交大笔取暖费。

很多老人正在迁往只允许老人居住的南部城市。其中之一就是亚利桑那州菲尼克斯附近的太阳城。太阳城居住的所有家庭都必须有一个成员在50岁以上，18岁以下的孩子能住在那里。

[美国的老人英语作文150词

The culture differences between the East and West.

As we know ,there are so many differences between culture of the East and West that I can not list all of their different aspects.I will focus on the differences of diet custom and teaching system.For your better understanding ,I will set examples of China and America.

It is no doubt that it is a tradition to use chopsticks for Chinese.But people in America prefer to forks and knives.This different result is based on different food they are like .Americans choose to eat beefsteak,bread,and salad,while Chinese people choose noodles ,pancakes and rice.What is more,the custom of drinking tea in China and drinking coffee in America are stand out particularly.However,there is a trend that the food in both countries has been mixture.For example,the coffee and bread have introduced to China.The famous KFC is very popular at children.

The gap of teaching system between China and America is big.Chinese students always complain about their homework.Too much homework has limited the time to exercise and relax.They have to recite many things as to get a high mark.Homework comes the first to them.

In my opinion,the study in America is more interesting .Teachers pay attentions to training students skills in thinking in realastic life not to emphasis on the importances of memories.In a addition,the rate of going to school ,the salary of teaching ,and the job of gruduates are quite different,too.I should say that Chima government should make great efforts to improve its teaching syetem.I am also expect to be one day ,the West give more cheers to our country.

导语：On this day, commemorative activities held throughout the United States to show respect for the flag and love of America.在这一天，美国各地举行纪念活动，以示对国旗的敬重和对合众国的热爱。下面是由小编为你整理的介绍美国国旗英语作文，欢迎大家阅读。

American flag for a rectangular shape, length and width ratio of 19:10 for the Stars and Stripes (the Star-Spangled Banner), the upper-left corner flag for the blue stars surface area of the stars a few provisions in the respective departments, the United States is the state flag on the number of a few of the stars. Star 13 is outside the red and white stripes, 13 stripes on behalf of the original 13 colonies in North America. According to Washington, said: symbol of the United Kingdom with red stripes, white stripes and a symbol of freedom from it. More general argument that the red symbol of strength and courage, a symbol of purity and innocence of white, blue is a symbol of vigilance, perseverance and justice. In 1818 the U.S. Congress pass the bill, red and white flag on the fixed width for the 13, the number of five-pointed star should be in line with several states of America. Each additional state, the national flag on a star to increase, the general in the new states to join the second year after the implementation of July 4. So far has been the national flag to 50 stars, representing the 50 U.S. states. June 14 each year as "the development of the anniversary of the American flag." On this day, commemorative activities held throughout the United States to show respect for the flag and love of America.

美国国旗为长方形，长宽之比为19：10，为星条旗(the Star-Spangled Banner)，旗面左上角为蓝色星区，区内的星数于有关部门规定，美国的州数就是国旗上的星数。星区以外是13道红白相间的条纹，13道条纹代表最初北美13块殖民地。据华盛顿说：红色条纹象征英国，白色条纹象征脱离它而获得自由。更普遍的说法认为，红色象征强大和勇气，白色象征纯洁和清白，蓝色则象征警惕，坚韧不拔和正义。1818年美国国会通过法案，国旗上的红白宽条固定为13道，五角星数目应与合众国州数一致。每增加一个州，国旗上就增加一颗星，一般在新州加入后的第二年7月4日执行。至今国旗上已增至50颗星，代表美国的50个州。每年6月14日为“美国国旗制定纪念日”。在这一天，美国各地举行纪念活动，以示对国旗的敬重和对合众国的热爱。

[介绍美国国旗英语作文