初中8年级英语作文（最新20篇）

成熟的标志是什么？是那不经意间冒出的细细胡须，是身份证明上显示的“已满十八岁”，还是有了不愿让他人介入的私密空间？这些都是，也可以都不是，因为外表的成年并不能代表内心的成熟。相比之下，善于给予爱，似乎必须是了。

善于给予爱，善于爱你那终日操劳的父母。那个在夜里悄悄起身为你掖好被角的人，那个你埋怨无数次却仍对你笑逐颜开的人，那个你表面厌烦实则万万离不开的人。你，善于爱他们么？有没有同行时自然地接过他们手中的重物，有没有他们烦恼时贴心地询问、安慰，抑或只是每次回家时轻声的问候？小事啊，可你做到了么？“树欲静而风不止，子欲养而亲不待”，成熟的人绝不会让这种事发生，因为他们善于给予爱，他们深信周国平的一句话：“一人个不管长到多大，失去了父母，他就是孤儿。”所以，成熟的标志是善于给予爱，爱你的父母。

善于给予爱，善于爱你那不曾弃你而去的朋友们。那些快乐时与你一起分享的人，那些伤心时轻拍你肩膀的人，那些敢于用逆耳之言使你清醒的人。你，善于爱他们吗？是否不遗余力地帮他们化解过面临的尴尬，是否为他们的乐事发自心底地开怀大笑，是否在他迷茫困惑时给他们坚实的依靠？同样是小事啊，但你做到了吗？看看洪秀全，不难发现：一个人的失败，首先是从朋友的离心开始的。所以成熟的人深知朋友的重要，他们不会学洪秀全，他们善于给予朋友爱。那么，成熟的标志便是善于给予爱，爱自己的朋友。

善于给予爱，善于爱你身边的每一个人。那些你不曾谋面的人们，那些与你擦肩而过的人们，那些你素不相识的人们。你，想过去爱他们么？你想过为陌生人“遥指杏花村”吗？你想过为迎面走来的人侧身让过一条小路吗？或只是不乱扔垃圾以免祸害他人呢？依然是小事啊！的确，他们或许从没为你做过什么，但是，得到后才去付出，就不能算是纯粹的爱，不能算是成熟的爱。不求回报地给予爱，“鸟巢一代”、“海宝一代”无疑已为我们树立了榜样。因此，成熟的标志是善于给予爱，爱身边的每一个人。

善于给予爱，而不只是能够爱。我们从小便习惯了被爱，被父母，被朋友，甚至是陌生人。在成长的路途中，我们或许有过偶尔的对他们的爱，但这并不是成熟的标志。当我们善于给予爱，习惯给予爱的时候，我们便成熟了。

[成熟的标志是善于给予爱初中1年级作文

高一英语作文说明文：Mrs Brown

Mrs Brown is an excellent teacher. She is a good-looking woman, with gentle manners and a kind smile. Mrs Brown likes her work very much. She works hard and tries her best to make every class perfect. Listening to her talk is an artistic

treat indeed. She treats her students as her own children, not only strictly but also kindly. She always shows deep concern for them and makes great efforts to train them into persons of ability. All the students respect her very much.

高一英语作文说明文：Charlie Chaplin

Charlie Chaplin was born in 1889 in London. He came from a family of artists. His mother was an actress and his father was an actor. He started dancing and singing for money in 1894. In 1904, he went to America and he became a film director in 1914. He made many funny films from 1914 to 1966. He died in 1977. Many people were very sad at the news. People all over the world will remember him forever.

高一英语作文说明文：My Pen Pal-Tom

Tom Brown, my pen pal, is an American boy. He is 17 years old. He lives at 69 Park Road, New York with his parents. Tom is a student of No.4 High School. On weekdays, he studies very hard. Art, music and computer are his favorite subjects. In his spare time, he likes doing sports. He usually goes walking or swimming on weekends. He also likes traveling. He goes to many countries during the summer holiday every year.

高一英语作文说明文：My Best Friend

My best friend is Li Hua. He is 13 years old and he is a student of Guangming middle school. He is very tall and strong. He works hard at school and would like to help others. when I came to this school in the beginning, I was bad at math and English. I failed in a test and was worried about my study. At this time, Li Hua gave me a hand and helped to improve my math and English. Thanks to his help, my math and English improved a lot and I got good results in the following exams. Gradually we became very good friends. In my opinion, Li Hua is not only an excellent student but also a helpful and kind person. Everyone would like to be his friend.

经过期末考以后，终于迎来了暑假。在放暑假的前一天,大家的脸上都是笑容。同学们有的要出国旅游,有的要在家玩电脑。而我也有一点舍不得，同学之间的友情会在这次的暑假中慢慢变淡，同学跟同学之间的距离,会越来越远，自己也失去了暑假中的玩伴…...但是我还是喜欢暑假，因为放暑假了,可以不用再像以前一样早睡早起,做那么多作业，背上沉重的书包，而且还可以出去玩。这次暑假里我经历了几件事，也做了件蠢事。

第一 这个暑假,天气十分酷热,并且,持续了几十天高温,害得家里停电,让人很不舒服。

"吃饭了,吃饭了".做完饭的妈妈大声喊着, 那时我正在看电视，听到妈妈的中声也只好恋恋不舍地离开了, 忽然停电了,屋里屋外一片漆黑,空调停了,房间里十分闷热,随之我便满头大汗。这时,爸爸说:"我们到外面去吃吧,外面也许有点风."说干就干,我们一起动手,搬凳子,搬桌子,端菜,端饭的,拿筷子的，不一会儿就把饭菜全搬到外面去了,这时,天空的星星一闪一闪的为我们照明,一阵微风吹过来,顿时感到舒服了许多。

第二 在最近几天里，我在玩一个叫弹弹堂的游戏，看到里面的装备都是要钱的，我就点了充值，看到有支付宝付款，我想到了舅舅的支付宝，我知道他有密码，并记在了一个本子上，我就去爬窗户看他本子上的密码，一开始我充值了300元以为好玩。到了第二天，我以为舅舅不知道，便买了一些装备回来，回来我才知道了自己的错误，明白了每个人都像我这样，贪图享乐有好装备而去乱用大人们的钱，这都是我们孩子不应该做的。听大人的话，去做孩子该做的事才是，最听话，最懂事的孩子，只有这样大人们才喜欢，才去疼爱这个孩子。

暑假一转眼就过去了一半,所以我们要好好把握时间,同时也希望在暑假前就可以规划好自己的事情,这样就可以跟我一样有一个不一样的暑假了。

[我的快乐暑假初中3年级作文

A war without gunpowder has started in China, and Wuhan has become the most

serious epidemic area! The number of people infected in Wuhan accounts for

nearly half of the total number of people infected in the country. Wuhan is in a

hurry! At this most critical moment, many medical workers across the country

came forward to support Wuhan at the first time. There is the most dangerous

place, but they go against the trend regardless of their own life safety. They

take the life safety and health of the people as the first priority, and their

greatest commitment and responsibility is to save the dead and help the wounded.

They are soldiers in white, warriors fighting against the virus, the great wall

of steel to protect our health, and the most lovely people in the world!

I have many friends, but Jim is one of my best friends. He is not handsome,

but kind-hearted. We know each other at primary school. He was the tallest in

our class at that time. He is good at study and playing basketball, while bad at

playing table tennis. Everytime he has delicious food, he will give it to me.

Moreover, whenever I feel sad, he will play with me and comfort me. However, he

is not spoilt me. For example, everytime I meet difficulties in study, I would

like to copy his, but no matter what I say, he never give his homework to me to

copy. Instead he teaches how to do it. All in all, no matter what difficulties I

meet, he will help me. It is him make me realize that a friend in need is a

friend indeed.

Spring Festival is my favourite festival. This years Spring Festival is in February 8th.

On New Years Eve, everyone will wear new clothes. My parents and I will go to the Grandpa and grandmas home to eat Nian Yefan. This is the tradition of our family. At the dinner table, my grandmother will prepare a lot of dishes for us to cook hot pot.

These dishes are very delicious. Everyone ate very happy. We have forgotten the troubles of the past year, happy to greet the new year. After dinner, I will go back home with my parents. In eight, I will be fireworks at the

threshold of our home.

They are very beautiful. Doing this will make me feel very happy. After I put the fireworks, I will watch the Spring Festival Gala. The Gala adds a mood of celebration in the house as people laugh, discuss and enjoy the performance. At eleven, my parents gave me 200 yuan. This is my years new years money. 0 ocolck, the new years bell sounded, we have ushered in the new year. I made a wish. I hoped that that we could have a happy and healthy life next year and everyone in my family could be happy.

Dear Frank:

Long time no see. Howare you recently?

I am very happy toreceive your letter and glad to hear that you will come to my city and staywith us for a few weeks. My house is on theHeaven Streetwith five rooms, one ofwhich is living room, two bed rooms, the other two are kitchen and bathroom. Ihave cleaned a guest room for you. There is a bed, a sofa and three chairs inthis 25 square-meters room. If this room is not suitable enough, please writeto me and I will prepare another one for you. There is a bus stop near myhouse, and you can take number 1 bus to the cinema, number 2 to the supermarketin where you can always choose the commodities you need.

If you have otherrequests, please feel free to write to me. I will try my best to meet yourneeds. I wish you can come soon and have good days here.

Sincerely yours,

Jaz

亲爱的富兰克

很久没见到你了，近来怎么样？

我很开心收到你的来信，听到你将要来我这里和我待几周我很高兴。我家住在天街，有五个房间，其中一个是客厅，两个卧室，另外两个是厨房和浴室。我已经帮你把客房打扫干净了。这个25平米的房间有一张床，一张沙发和三把椅子。如果这间放不合适的话请写信告诉我，我会给你准备另一间。我家附近有一个站牌，你可以乘坐 1路去电影院，2路到超市，在那里你可以买到你需要的商品。

如果你还有其他要求，请随时写信告诉我，我会尽量满足的你需求。希望你能快点来这，在这里度过愉快的日子。

杰斯

[初中英语作文给朋友的回信

诗，经过了漫长的发展历程，由唐朝的鼎盛时期到今至诗词绝句；生活，一种态度，一种认知，一种充满诗意与开放的生活方式；如果让世界充满爱，大家都生活在诗意般的意境下，生活又是另一番滋味。生活将无比的精彩，文学标符将飞入我们的堂空。

人们，常常提及快乐的生活，幸福的生活，可其实还不如痛快地生活，诗意地生活来得爽快！痛快地抒发出自己最想要的生活，用诗意般地日子来加以填充，你会在一瞬间发现，生活是多么的美好，多么的幸福，多么的充实，多么的饱满。

当你空虚时，不妨来一曲“梦入神山教神姬，老鱼跳波瘦蛟舞”，再来个“吴质不眠依桂树，落脚斜飞温赛兔”。优美的旋律起伏的音韵，不由得将可听不可视，可感不可见的音乐体现出来，此时的诗意是充实的。

当你寂寞时，不如欣赏一下泰戈尔的名言：“我们把世界看错了，反而说他欺骗我们。”寂寞并不可怕，可怕的是一生的寂寞，请用一种开朗的心态，诗意地情态去面对每一次来袭。

当你懊悔时，不如朗诵一下聂·鲁达《太阳颂歌》中的：“过去我不了解太阳，那时我过的是冬天”懊悔是对自己挽救的开始，有了懊悔，便还有一丝希望。 当你彷徨，契诃夫曾言：“越是高尚，就越不幸福。”彷徨，请以心去对待，对待请用行动加以证明，请以诗意的情境加以装饰。

当你受伤，罗曼罗兰用他巨如椽，细如针的笔在你心上写着：“是爱，使他们恨得那么深。”你明白了：爱是一个债，恨是一个债，我们无债却都有爱。 诗意地生活，因为有爱。

让“世界之所以有了我们，是因为它需要更美。”作结束吧。

[诗意的生活初中1年级作文

初中英语作文:我的朋友-My friend

I have many friends. One of them is my classmate Ma Hua.He is a League member and one of the best students in my class.He is fond of English and good at it. He often practises reading aloud. So he has a good pronunciation.He is always ready to help others. With his help I have made GREat proGREss. I have made up my mind to catch up with him and to join the League in the near future.

1、the + ~ est + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)

the most + 形容词 + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)

例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.

海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。

Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had seen.

张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。

2、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V / Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than sth

例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education.

没有比接受教育更重要的事。

3、cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.（再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。）

例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.

我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。

4、There is no denying that + S + V ...（不可否认的...）

例句：

There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.

不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。

5、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~ （全世界都知道...）

例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.

全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。

6、There is no doubt that + 句子~~ （毫无疑问的...）

例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.

毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。

7、An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子 （...的优点是...）

例句：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it wont create (produce) any pollution.

使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。

8、The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子 （...的原因是...）

例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air./ The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.

我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。

9、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子 （如此...以致于...）

例句：So precious is time that we cant afford to waste it. 时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。

10、Adj + as + Subject（主词）+ be, S + V~~~ （虽然...）

例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory. {by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不}

虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。

11、The more …, the more

例句：The harder you work, the more progress you make.

你愈努力，你愈进步。

The more books we read, the more learned we become.

我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。

12、By +Ving, ~~ can ~~ （借着...，..能够..）

例句：By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.

借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。

13、~~~ enable + Object（宾语）+ to + V （..使..能够..）

例句：Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.

听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。

14、On no account can we + V ~~~ （我们绝对不能...）

例句：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.

我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。

15、It is high time that + 过去式 / should do （该是...的时候了）

例句：It is high time that the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.

该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。

16、Those who ~~~ （...的人...）

例句：Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.

违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。

17、It is obvious that + 句子 （明显的）

It is apparent that + 句子 （显然的）

例句：It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.

可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。

18、That is the reason why ~~~ （那就是...的原因）

例句：Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I dont like it.

夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。

19、Much remains to be done. 还有很多有待于去做。

Only in this way can we ……. 只有通过这种方式我们才能……

Sb is to blame for …… 该批某人因为……

20、be based on （以...为基础）

例句：The progress of thee society is based on harmony.

社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。

21、Spare no effort to + V （不遗余力的去做……）

例句：We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.

我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。

22、be closely related to ~~ （与...息息相关）

例句：Taking exercise is closely related to health.

做运动与健康息息相关。

23、Get into the habit of + Ving

= make it a rule to + V （养成...的习惯）

We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.

我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。

24、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to （因为...）

例句：Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.

因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。

25、What a + Adj + N + S + V!

= How + Adj + a + N + V!（多么...！）

例句：What an important thing it is to keep our promise!

How important a thing it is to keep our promise!

遵守诺言是多么重要的事！

26、Have a great influence / effect on ~~~ （对...有很大的影响）

例句：Smoking has a great influence on our health.

抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。

27、do good to （对...有益），do harm to （对...有害）

例句：Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益。

Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。

28、Pose a great threat to ~~ （对...造成一大威胁）

例句：Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.

污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。

These are lots of books in our daily life. Some are about history, some are novels, and some are even about the dream in the future. I think its useful to read stories, because it can be used sometimes. Once, there was a very difficult question in an important history exam history, which wasnt mentioned in our history books, even our teacher has never told us about it. But I remembered clearly that I had read it in a history story, so I answered the question without difficulty and became the only student in our class who answered the question correctly. In my view, its useful to read stories.

I had a joyful summer vacation。 During the holidays， I traveled with my families。 We went to Beijing and stayed there for four days。 We lived in the hotel。 It is very beautiful。 We visited to the Tiananmen Square， the Imperial Palace， the Summer Palace and the Old Summer Palace。 We also went to the Great Wall。 The weather was very hot， but we were exciting。 I like Beijing very much。 I hope I can go there again。

二十年后的秋天，我已成为一名刚就读博士的大学生，我有闪起了一个念头，我们难道不能去看一看自己以前居住的家乡呢？于是我开着漂亮的小汽车，缓缓的向我们以前居住的家乡驶去……

到了家乡之后，我们已经看到了令我们难忘的一刻：以前我在家乡居住的房子都不见了，变成了一幢幢高楼大厦；我们的农田不再是荒唐的，而是那一大片金色的小麦和麦穗，它们向我弯着腰，好像在向我打招呼；那各种各样颜色鲜艳的菊花，也在欢迎我，它好像很害羞似的。我仿佛又回到了比二十年前那更为完美的世界。接下来，我就去访问我家乡是的小朋友，虽然有些邻居搬到外面去住，

但是我还是有一个小时候和我非常要好的领居――刘羽毛。

我向这里的人打听，有一个人告诉了我，原来他已经是一个公司的经理。我看了看这家公司店，我看见这是一个非常有名的饭店。我就走进那里的经理室，看到他正坐在梨花木大交椅上舒舒服服的躺着，他见我进来，让他的部下来招待我，我很感谢他。随后，他又和我谈了小时候的故事，我们有说有笑，热烈的欢庆着……

那一刻，令我终生难忘……

[二十年后回故乡初中1年级的作文

Every year, the thing I expect the most is the Spring Festival. My parents

work far from home and they come back one or two times a year. The Spring

Festival is the time they come home. Every time they come back, they bring mangy

things to me. When I was little, they bought me toys, new clothes and shoes.

Now, they often buy me books. They say more reading is good for me. They hope I

can learn more. The time spend with them is always happy but short. They only

have half a month at home. I hope they can stay at home longer.

People native to urban Beijing speak the Beijing dialect, which belongs to

the Mandarin subdivision of spoken Chinese. Beijing dialect is the basis for

Standard Mandarin, the language used in the Peoples Republic of China, the

Republic of China on Taiwan, and Singapore. Rural areas of Beijing Municipality

have their own dialects akin to those of Hebei province, which surrounds Beijing

Municipality.

Beijing Opera, or Peking Opera (Jingju), is well-known throughout the

national capital. Commonly lauded as one of the highest achievements of Chinese

culture, Beijing Opera is performed through a combination of song, spoken

dialogue, and codified action sequences, such as gestures, movement, fighting

and acrobatics. Much of Beijing Opera is carried out in an archaic stage dialect

quite different from modern Standard Mandarin and from the Beijing dialect; this

makes the dialogue somewhat hard to understand, and the problem is compounded if

one is not familiar with Chinese. As a result, modern theaters often have

electronic titles in Chinese and English.

A hutong in eastern Beijing near Dongsishitiao. In this March 2003 photo

the left side was still standing, but it has since given way to new

construction.The Siheyuan is a traditional architectural style of Beijing. A

siheyuan consists of a square housing compound, with rooms enclosing a central

courtyard. This courtyard often contains a pomegranate or other type of tree, as

well as potted flowers or a fish tank. Siheyuans line Hutongs , or alleys, which

connect the interior of Beijings old city. They are usually straight and run

east-to-west so that doorways can face north and south for Feng Shui reasons.

They vary in width — some are very narrow, enough for only a few pedestrians to

pass through at a time.

Once ubiquitous in Beijing, siheyuans and hutongs are now rapidly

disappearing, as entire city blocks of hutongs are leveled and replaced with

high-rise buildings. Residents of the hutongs are entitled to apartments in the

new buildings of at least the same size as their former residences. Many

complain, however, that the traditional sense of community and street life of

the hutongs cannot be replaced. Some particularly historic or picturesque

hutongs are being preserved and restored by the government, especially for the

2008 Olympics. One such example can be seen at Nanchizi.

Mandarin cuisine is the local style of cooking in Beijing. Peking Roast

Duck is perhaps the most well-known dish. The Manhan Quanxi ("Manchu-Han Chinese

full banquet") is a traditional banquet originally intended for the

ethnic-Manchu emperors of the Qing Dynasty; it remains very prestigious and

expensive.

Teahouses are also common in Beijing. Chinese tea comes in many varieties

and some rather expensive types of Chinese tea are said to cure an ailing body

extraordinarily well.

The Jingtailan is a cloisonné metalworking technique and tradition

originating from Beijing, and one of the most revered traditional crafts in

China. Beijing lacquerware is well known for the patterns and images carved into

its surface.

The Fuling Jiabing is a traditional Beijing snack food, a pancake (bing)

resembling a flat disk with filling, made from fu ling (Poria cocos (Schw.)

Wolf, or "tuckahoe"), an ingredient common in traditional Chinese medicine.

老师：

您好！

在您百忙中去信打搅，把我的心思向您倾诉，如果有不礼貌的地方，敬请原谅！

老师，初中毕业考试，我数学只考了的35分，拉了本班平均分的后腿，使您在学校年度考核中，与“优秀”失之交臂，让您极端失望，也很难过和气愤。在此，我向您说声：“老师，对不起！”

其实，我也为您惋惜，因为，在我的心中，您虽不善言语；但您对教学却一丝不苟，任劳任怨。也许，您的失败，与我那可怜的35分有关，但谁又愿意只拿那点可怜的分数呢？

我考35分，也许是“罪有应得”，因为初二以来，我一点也没学进去。上课只顾和别人说话，什么也不做，什么也不听，抱着“反正听懂了也做不来题”的心态。面对数学，我不清楚自己为什么会这样。以前我喜欢数学，可现在却……想起来，实在觉得可笑、可悲……我恨自己的堕落，因为它吞噬了我学习的信心，于是，面对那血红的、可怜的35分，我真的无话可说。曾有几次真的想主动找您骂我两句；但一想到我是“差生”，就没有了勇气；想到您对我的“堕落”和“不认真”视而不见，我就对自己失去了信心，在心里默念：“算了，终归是差生，老师连批评我的力气都省了。”那一刻，我不知道自己对您是一种什么心理——害怕，敬畏？恨，还是怨？我不知道，当然，也无从知道，有时候自己感到该反省一下。我想：要是您能批评我两句，该多好啊！也许我就可以振作起来了。但立刻我就会想到：“不可能，因为我现在已是差生。”我不知道，差生就真的那么惹人生厌、无可救药吗？

我曾想放弃数学的学习。后来又意识到自己的过错，想弥补；但一想到您对我的冷淡，就又心灰意冷了。甚至看到您批评其他同学时，我十分羡慕和嫉妒。因为，您至少愿意批评他们，难道我连被您批评的资格也没有吗？

当然，老师您也有您的苦衷，为了优秀的业绩，为了评优、调资、晋级，您偏爱优等生也并无过错。因为，他们可以为您挣回您想得到的东西。但我却想对您说：“老师，请您在关心优等生的同时，可别忘了对差等生的表扬和批评。因为，差生的我们更脆弱，更需要批评。因为我们缺的不是智力，而是自制力。所以，老师，请您在百忙中，别忘了给我批评，因为我渴望批评。

祝您身体健康

您的学生

年月

[差生的声音初中3年级作文

中华文明上下五千年,其中封建社会占了二千多年.历代封建帝王号令天下,具有无上权力,是神圣不可侵犯的.因为他们是天子,是代表上天来统治天下的,臣民只能绝对服从.

《诗经》云：“普天之下,莫非王土;率土之滨,莫非王臣.而舜既为天子矣,敢问‘瞽瞍’之非臣如何?”是说舜已经做了天子,请问“瞽瞍”(舜之父)怎能不做他的臣子?由此可知皇帝的权力之大.

因此,自古以来,“伴君如伴虎”,稍有不慎,就有可能身首异处,甚至株连九族,遭灭顶之灾.但是仍有无数谋臣良相,他们怀着一颗赤胆忠心,出于对国家命运的深虑、对民族存亡的忧患,勇敢地向君王冒死直谏,结果落得轻者贬谪削官,重者惨遭灭门之祸,让功臣谋士谈虎色变,封堵进谏言路.如比干被剖腹挖心、屈原遭放逐,司马迁蒙宫刑之辱等.

然而同为讽谏之臣的优孟则深谙讽谏之术,他凭借自己的智谋,巧妙讽谏,让楚庄王欣然纳谏,不仅收回成命,而且还将他的爱马交给了主管宫中膳食的太官,做了大家的盘中之物,不得不让人佩服.那么优孟到底利用了什么法术呢?仔细捉摸,他只不过是深明讽谏之道,充分运用讽谏艺术,取得了众人称快的效果.

讽谏,亦称“设喻说理”,即用暗示、比喻、夸张、反语等方法委婉的说理,也就是用生动具体的事例说明抽象的道理.

1.为对方打算——不暴露游说目的

设身处地地为对方的切身利益着想,是游说时应遵循的原则之一.烛之武先讲明秦和晋围郑(即使是攻下郑国),秦国无大裨益;进而分析晋侯出征目的在于扩张领土,且欲壑难填.一方面使秦伯觉得枉费心机,一方面顿感危险将至矣.可见,烛之武头头是道挑拨离间了“秦晋之好”.这叫曲线救国.

邹忌可谓酒色财气俱全,竟还拥有聪明脑瓜支配下的厉害嘴巴,叫人刮目相看.他从妻、妾、客人的阿谀之词“小题大作”——以君子之心度“君子”之腹,献身说法使齐王也同理得证“蒙蔽甚矣”,于是一声令下,广纳谏言,终于“战胜于朝廷”.也使齐国夺得人才乃至发展先机.

触龙用“缓冲法”拉家常套近乎,用“引诱法”开后门托幼子,用“旁击法”谈燕后陪衬人,用‘植入法”论历史望未来.先用三寸不烂之舌变相息怒缓和气氛,再用反证法“老臣窃以为媪之爱燕后贤于长安君”来巧设鱼饵,引鱼上钩,推出“为长安君计短也”的结论.迂回包抄使得赵太后主动缴械.

2.用婉言相劝——忠言顺耳利于听

下级劝说上级,由于尊卑关系不得不谦言以谏,否则会引来杀身之祸.虽然烛之武和触鸡年岁已高,但岂敢倚老卖老?烛之武早有言“无 能”,邹忌实话实说“不如徐公美”,触龙嘘寒问暖“曾不能疾走……窃自恕……”没话找话,话题轻松,铺设情境.此三者谙习“良药蜜口更于病,忠言顺耳更利于听”之道.事实亦如此,良言一声三冬暖,冷语一句六月寒.

3.巧施攻心术——先对方之忧而优

烛之武长于外交辞令,说理透辟,步步深人,层层逼紧.他抓住秦伯担忧“帮晋灭郑后反而惹火烧身”之心理,申明围郑对秦无任何好处,晓之以利害,因说服力很强,所以句句打动对方.邹忌很了解齐王处在许多人对他有所偏私、有所畏惧、有所企求的环境中,必然是个耳不聪、目不明的受蒙蔽者——隐忧国之清明;又因晓得齐王有修明内政以兴邦的宏志(心理),为此设喻使齐王欣然接受劝告,提升了齐国威望,赢得了诸侯的尊敬.触龙非常了解赵太后爱子、怜子之心,便采用拿人心比自心,以己子做诱引,动之以情申明大义,进而解太后心结.当然更见触龙为国之忧心,忠心明鉴.

烛之武、邹忌、触龙游说的成功也告诉我们：游说时要不亢不卑,言语恰到好处——既不刺激对方,又不失自己尊严.

[说服的艺术初中1年级作文

He always rose early to enjoy at least two hours of solitude in the house

and garden before the rest of the family came down In winter he spent most of

the time reading and writing. In sum mer he liked to get out of doors to work in

the kitchen garden or to take the dog for a walk in the neighbouring woods and

fields Whatever the weather, there was plenty to occupy him.

Although he was a creature of habit, there seemed to be an infinite variety

in his pursuits. He wrote book reviews regularly for two of the national

weeklies. He worked conscientiously his special subject, Indian History, and was

thus one of the world authorities on it;

he collected modern abstract paintings and so had a circle of friends

amongst artists and sculptors; there was hardly anything he did not know about

traditional jazz and he often entertained both British and America n jazz

musicians He was a superb cook and knew a lot about French and German food.

His family adored him and in a sense he was spoiled by them. At first

glance you would have taken him for a retired army officer-his bearing was

erect, his hair was cut short, he was fussy about his clothes, which were always

neat, clean and conventional. He liked to keep fit, and this was reflected in

his clear, steady blue eyes and healthy suntanned complexion. He hardly ever

watched TV, but enjoyed a good film and an occasional evening at the

theatre.

The Spring Festival is a traditional festival for all Chinese people. On

that evening there is a very traditional ceremony----Spring Festival Gala, which

is the favorite for many people. It brings so much happiness to Chinese all

around the world .

When asked about their opinion on Spring Festival Gala, people always

reason differently. Some people deem that it should be cancelled, while there

are also other people who argue that it should be continued.

Some people take it for granted that the Gala should not exist because it

is too boring on the evening of the Lunar New Year. Besides, the form of the

Evening seems the same every year. In comparison, there are, however, a large

number of people who hold a different view concerning this issue, they insist

that the Gala must be continued. They argue that it is one of the most important

celebration customs. And they think the Gala is worth expecting.

As far as I am concerned, I am intending to stand on the side of the latter

group of people. Admittedly, the former point of view seems reasonable, but the

latter is more persuasive. Taking the above-mentioned factors into

consideration, I can safely conclude that the Gala just needs a reform in the

future but not to be cancelled.

考辅P42

1.IgaveTomthebook.／／

2.Heboughthismothersomeflowers.／／

3.Thebridgewasbuiltbyworkerslastyear.／／

4.Wehavetofinishtheworktoday.／／5.Hewilldohishomeworktomorrow.／／

6.Wecleantheroomseveryday.／／7.Thewriterspent3yearsonthebook.／／

8.Itisabookwithalotofbeautifulpictures.／／

9.Thebooksoldverywellduringthefirstweek.／／firstweek.

10.Marywastheonlyoneintheoffice.／／

11.Shefinishedherworkat10o’clock.／／Shedidn’12.Shehadtotakeataxihomebecauseitwastoolate.

13.LizaandMikearrivedattheGreatWallintwohours.

14.Theywerehappytogettothetop.／／

15.TheyenjoyedthemselvesontheGreatWall.／／

16.ThepostmansentSusanandTommyapaperbox.

17.Theyopeneditandfoundapresentfromtheirfriend.

18.Theybothlikedthepresentandfeltveryhappy.

19.Alicedidn’tfeelwelltoday,soshewenttothehospital.

20.Thedoctoraskedhersomequestions.／／

21.Thedoctordidn’tgiveheranymedicineintheend.

（全真１）

1.ThecapitalAirporthasbeeninusefor20years.／／

2.ThecapitalAirportisthelargestoneinChina.／／

3.Ihavenevertakenaplane.MyfriendLiPing,either.／／

（全真２）

1.Fathergave$20formetobuysomebooks.／／

2.IwasexcitedwhenIsawsomanygoodbooksinthebookstore.

3.ButsomebookswouldcostmorethanIhave.／／

ButIdidn’／／（全真3）

1.ManyChinesefriendswenttotheparty.2.Tonywasgivenalotofpresentsbyhisfriends.／／Tony’

3.SeeinghisChineseteacheratthepartymadeTonyveryhappy.／／（全真4）

1.Iwanttoeatsomething.／／2.Therefrigeratorisempty.／／3.Bobspentfifteenyuanonthehamburger.／／／（全真5）

1.Mr.Wangdoesn’tworkinthatfactoryanylonger.／／

2.Mr.Wanglefthomeearlierinordertocatchthebus.3.Mr.Wangfindsitnoteasytogetalongwiththatyoungguy.／／（专家1）

1.Manypeoplewentshoppingyesterday.

2.Janespent4hourstobuyNewyeargifts.／／

3.Shewassotiredthatshecouldn’twalkanylonger.／／

（专家2）

1.Myfriendssaidtome,“Areyoufree?”

2.Shewantedmetogoshoppingwithher.

3.Shethinksitapleasuretogoshoppingwithafriend.

The Dragon Boat Festival is a lunar (阴历)holiday, occurring (存正)on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month (农历史五月第五天)

The Chinese Dragon Boat Festival is a significant (有意义的)holiday celebrated (庆祝)in China, and the one with the longest history (历史最悠久). The Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated by boat races (龙舟赛) in the shape of dragons. Competing teams (竞争团队) row their boats forward to a drumbeat (击古)racing to reach the finish end first.

The boat races during the Dragon Boat Festival are traditional customs (传统习俗)to attempts to (试图)rescue (搭救) the patriotic poet (爱国诗人)Chu Yuan. Chu Yuan drowned (溺死) on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month in 277 B.C. Chinese citizens now throw bamboo leaves (竹叶) filled with cooked rice into the water. Therefore the fish could eat the rice rather than the hero poet. This later on turned into the custom of eating tzungtzu and rice dumplings(棕子).

The celebrations is a time for protection (防护) from evil (邪恶) and disease (疾病) for the rest of the year. It is done so by different practices such as hanging healthy herbs on the front door, drinking nutritious concoctions (营养品), and displaying (展示) portraits (画像) of evils nemesis(邪恶报应), Chung Kuei. If one manages to (成功做...) stand (直立)an egg on its end at exactly 12:00 noon, the following year will be a lucky one.