0

初中8年级英语作文(经典20篇)

导语:2024年的寒假转眼就要过去了,其中留下了不少趣事值得我们久久回味。下面是小编整理的一些关于寒假的作文,欢迎查阅。

浏览

5966

作文

1000

生命是宝贵的初中1年级作文

全文共 743 字

+ 加入清单

在暑假里,我买了一本书——《昆虫记》,我便津津有味地读起来。《昆虫记》这本书,我被它深深地被它吸引住了,这本书仿佛把我带进了那个神秘的昆虫世界,而我就是昆虫的一员……

昆虫是渺小的,也是伟大的。在读这本书之前,我是讨厌昆虫的,甚至没有仔细的观察过任何一种昆虫,可是一捧起这本书我发现我爱上了这些昆虫:小甲虫为后代们无私奉献,为儿女们操碎了心,泥水匠蜂造地屋子和坚持不懈的精神,蚂蚁们的团结友爱的品质,还有等等一系列的事情。一个个妙趣横生的故事,使我仿佛置身其中,一次次把我带进了昆虫世界,而且通过读这本书我增长了很多见识,在人类的生活中也有许多以昆虫为启示而发明的东西,如:以蜻蜓的翅膀而发明了直升飞机,以萤火虫到人工冷光等等。昆虫的一切给了我们人类很多启示,因此,我们要保护昆虫,它也是地球上不可或缺的一员。

读了昆虫记这本书我看出了法布尔对昆虫的喜爱和他观察的仔细。从她的文字中可以看出,昆虫是可爱的,是有感情的他们是大自然的生灵,是人类的朋友,而不是令人憎恨、厌恶的对象。在法布尔的书中,昆虫们演绎着大自然的经典故事与人有着缕缕共通之处,让你不得不为之惊奇、喜悦。今天,我是在通过法布尔的眼睛,享受这份读书的乐趣;而法布尔为此付出一生的艰苦劳动,我却毫无体会。我们只有用心去品味这本书中的精华,才能对他所研究的昆虫有更深一层的认识。我们要像这本书的作者一样,去大自然中探秘,去了解动物、植物和昆虫,也许会慢慢的喜欢上大自然。同样我们要保护他们,不光为了保护自然界的生态平衡,更重要的是它们身上有很多值得我们学习的东西,有待于我们人类去发现去学习。现在,我已经深深地喜欢上了昆虫,也开始认真地观察它们的样子、生活了。

昆虫也有生命,让我们珍惜这些宝贵的生命吧。

[生命是宝贵的初中1年级作文

展开阅读全文

更多相似作文

篇1:描述体育英语年级

全文共 1073 字

+ 加入清单

I like to do all kinds of sports, in the morning, I will do some jogging

and in the evening, sometime I will go to the gym with my friends. My favorite

sport is playing tennis, tennis brings my life so much happiness, I can watch

the match while talking to my friends happily. To do the sport will improve my

health and make me catch up with the time.

When I was small, one day, when I went home after school, I felt bored and

opened the TV, then I saw the tennis match. Two beautiful girls were playing

intensively, the game was so excellent, I couldn’t move my eye away from the

match. From then on, I started to fall in love with tennis, I watched many

matches and got to know more about the game.

Tennis sport is the combination of power and asthetics. The tennis players

dress the beautiful clothes and their power make the ball fly quickly. The other

tennis players will return the tennis ball with their rightly power. The game is

so wonderful, if we watch the match alive.

There is no doubt that I am a big fan of the tennis sport. I find so much

fun from it, it enriches my life.

展开阅读全文

篇2:我的快乐暑假初中3年级作文

全文共 754 字

+ 加入清单

经过期末考以后,终于迎来了暑假。在放暑假的前一天,大家的脸上都是笑容。同学们有的要出国旅游,有的要在家玩电脑。而我也有一点舍不得,同学之间的友情会在这次的暑假中慢慢变淡,同学跟同学之间的距离,会越来越远,自己也失去了暑假中的玩伴…...但是我还是喜欢暑假,因为放暑假了,可以不用再像以前一样早睡早起,做那么多作业,背上沉重的书包,而且还可以出去玩。这次暑假里我经历了几件事,也做了件蠢事。

第一 这个暑假,天气十分酷热,并且,持续了几十天高温,害得家里停电,让人很不舒服。

"吃饭了,吃饭了".做完饭的妈妈大声喊着, 那时我正在看电视,听到妈妈的中声也只好恋恋不舍地离开了, 忽然停电了,屋里屋外一片漆黑,空调停了,房间里十分闷热,随之我便满头大汗。这时,爸爸说:"我们到外面去吃吧,外面也许有点风."说干就干,我们一起动手,搬凳子,搬桌子,端菜,端饭的,拿筷子的,不一会儿就把饭菜全搬到外面去了,这时,天空的星星一闪一闪的为我们照明,一阵微风吹过来,顿时感到舒服了许多。

第二 在最近几天里,我在玩一个叫弹弹堂的游戏,看到里面的装备都是要钱的,我就点了充值,看到有支付宝付款,我想到了舅舅的支付宝,我知道他有密码,并记在了一个本子上,我就去爬窗户看他本子上的密码,一开始我充值了300元以为好玩。到了第二天,我以为舅舅不知道,便买了一些装备回来,回来我才知道了自己的错误,明白了每个人都像我这样,贪图享乐有好装备而去乱用大人们的钱,这都是我们孩子不应该做的。听大人的话,去做孩子该做的事才是,最听话,最懂事的孩子,只有这样大人们才喜欢,才去疼爱这个孩子。

暑假一转眼就过去了一半,所以我们要好好把握时间,同时也希望在暑假前就可以规划好自己的事情,这样就可以跟我一样有一个不一样的暑假了。

[我的快乐暑假初中3年级作文

展开阅读全文

篇3:关于清明节的英语作文初中

全文共 2047 字

+ 加入清单

Ching Ming festival is a traditional Chinese festival, has a history of two

thousand five hundred years; Its main traditional cultural activities are:

grave, outing, cockfighting, swing, play mat, pull hook, tug-of-war), etc. The

members (the grave), is very old. Tomb-sweeping day, as a traditional culture,

it is a full of mysterious colorific festival, on this day, the pedestrians on

the road are missing people who died, to express their respect and grief!

Ching Ming festival, in hainan many locals call it the "qingming festival".

Middle age the qingming festival is very important, if not as a legal holiday,

they will also take time to go home "qingming festival". This suggests that the

qingming festival has become a culture, become a man of the late express a way

of missing loved ones.

Qingming festival, is a kind of Chinese traditional culture recognition and

respect. Qingming festival is very important in the ancient tradition of a

festival, is also the most important festival of festivals, was the day of

ancestor worship and the grave. This grave, the shrine of the dead an activity.

The han nationality and some minority are mostly in the tombs. According to the

old tradition, the grave, people to carry goods such as especially fruit, paper

money to the grave, will be food for offering in the family tomb, then paper

incineration, new soil up to the grave, fold a few branches pale green branches

ed in the grave, and then salute kowtow worship, finally eat especially home.

The tang dynasty poet tu mus poem "qingming" : "rains fall heavily as qingming

comes, and passers-by with lowered spirits go. Restaurant where? Boy pointed

apricot blossom village." Write the tomb-sweeping day is special atmosphere.

Until today, tomb-sweeping day ancestor worship, mourning the late relatives

customs still prevail. And the more brought to the attention of the people.

Chinese is influenced by its culture, make clear the Chinese memorial

ancestors festival. Ancestor worship in qingming festival people are back, this

is a kind of culture, a kind of habit.

展开阅读全文

篇4:初中英语满分

全文共 601 字

+ 加入清单

Computer has been part of our life. We use it to work or to keep in touch

with our friends. Computer provides people a way to recognize the world and

share resources. For teenagers, they are so crazy about computer games. There

always news reports teenagers playing computer games for a long time. Some

people blame the company to create online games, while others criticize the

school for not educating children well. Actually, parents have much

responsibility to teach their children the danger of playing online game too

much. Whats more, not every child overuses computer, so it depends on their

behavior.

展开阅读全文

篇5:初中英语作文-我的朋友-Myfriend

全文共 406 字

+ 加入清单

初中英语作文:我的朋友-My friend

I have many friends. One of them is my classmate Ma Hua.He is a League member and one of the best students in my class.He is fond of English and good at it. He often practises reading aloud. So he has a good pronunciation.He is always ready to help others. With his help I have made GREat proGREss. I have made up my mind to catch up with him and to join the League in the near future.

展开阅读全文

篇6:描述体育英语年级

全文共 462 字

+ 加入清单

Table tennis is one of the most popular sports in China. It’s my favorite,

too. It’s a good way of exercise, and it’s easy to play. You don’t need many

skills. I often play table tennis after class. Most of my classmates like it. So

we always have partners. But if you want to play well, it’s not so easy. You

must focus on your gesture, your hands and your steps. I want to be better, so I

practice it very often. I have my own teacher to teach me. I work hard on

it.

展开阅读全文

篇7:初中英语作文:theplanforthenewterm新学期的打算

全文共 470 字

+ 加入清单

Another new term comes again,so i should have a study plan to promot myself.

firstly ,i descide to finish my homework more carefully than before.And pay more attention to the knowledge which i didn t know it clearly.

secondly,i will do a lot of read to widen the range of my knowledge.and try to combine thoery to practice.

Finally,i will learn to adjust, to be more positive and more helpful.

That s what i plant to do in a new term.

[初中英语作文:the plan for the new term 新学期打算

展开阅读全文

篇8:自己的小挑战初中1年级作文

全文共 569 字

+ 加入清单

终于轮到我了。可断桥那三楼的高度,中间断开有将近一米的长度,仅仅三只脚的宽度,还是让我不由自主打了个寒颤。

我扒着铁三角一点一点地往上爬去,我心跳的频率是平常的十倍以上,既害怕又兴奋,怕不小心掉下去,也怕被同学们嘲笑。我十分胆小,小时候三岁半了还不敢独自坐滑滑梯。

“抖一下绳子。”教练的声音传来。我看见安全绳索拌到一个地方了,那里是断桥的右侧。我害怕自己掉下来,赶紧抖了抖绳子,却没有成功。于是我又加大了力度,用波浪线似的节奏抖一了抖,还是不行,教练再一次大喊:“就那样抖。”这时,我似乎镇定了许多,往上爬了爬继续用波浪线抖,果然绳子脱离了羁绊。

我继续向上爬,双腿不由自主地抖着,我也越来越害怕,甚至还萌生了下去的想法,但想到同学们一个个都挑战成功了,我又怎能半途而废?

我终于站在了断桥上,我的腿抖得更厉害了,我硬着头皮继续向前走。“我数3、2、1,你跳过去。”教练的喊声里充满了欣喜与鼓励,“3、2、1,跳。”我迈开脚步跳了过去,不等教练说让我坐我就坐了下来,先松一只脚再松另一只脚,很快教练把我放了下来。

当我平稳站在地面上的时候,心中满是抑制不住的激动,在十米的高空中挑战自我,这是我从来不敢想的事情,没想到居然成功了。听着耳边同学们的掌声,我终于明白了:其实恐惧是可以战胜的,前提是我们要相信一切皆有可能。

[自己的小挑战初中1年级作文

展开阅读全文

篇9:初中英语满分

全文共 839 字

+ 加入清单

Dear Mike,

How are you? Im really glad that you are interested in traditional Chinese

festivals. There are many traditional festivals in China, such as Spring

Festival, Mid-Autumn Day and so on. Id like to introduce the Spring Festival to

you. Spring Festival is the most important traditional holiday in China. It

usually lasts for 15 days.

Days before the festival, people clean their houses. They think cleaning

sweeps any bad luck. They decorate their houses with paper cuts. On the eve of

the festival, family members get together and have big meals. Then they watch

the Spring Festival Gala on TV. At midnight, they set off fireworks to welcome

the New Year. During the festival, kids get lucky money from old people. People

visit their relatives and friends. They wish each a happy year and good luck.

How happy we are.

Best wishes!

Yours,

Liu Wei

展开阅读全文

篇10:家乡英语年级

全文共 500 字

+ 加入清单

My hometown, a village locating beside a small river, is a wonderful place

with beautiful scenery surrounded. Because of the poor geographical environment

and without an asphalt road, the whole village is poor and people’s lives are

tough. Generally, people grow rice and some other crops for a living. Most young

people work at the city, leaving their parents and children at home, which is

the status of the vast majority of rural area. It seems that only in this way

can rural people live a better life.

展开阅读全文

篇11:初中英语作文春节

全文共 720 字

+ 加入清单

The Spring Festival is a traditional festival in our country. Every Spring Festival, people always want to paste Fu characters, couplets, firecrackers. You see, every family has a decorated, the scene bursting with happiness.

Our family is no exception. I picked up a pair of spring couplets, stuck the glue on the door and put it neatly. Dad will "blessing" upside down on the door. Her sister was also busy in the room. She picked up a few red lanterns and hung them in the room, and put a bunch of small colored lights on the wall. The small color lights flicker like a small star in the blink of an eye.

"The year" the sound of firecrackers, the new year has passed. I love fireworks and love the Spring Festival more.

展开阅读全文

篇12:描写家乡的变化初中英语作文

全文共 2846 字

+ 加入清单

描写家乡变化初中英语范文篇一

Changes in My Hometown

My hometown used to be a backward place, because it was deep in the mountains, where there were no nice buildings and the roads were so narrow and dirty. People lived a poor life.

我的家乡过去是一个落后的地方,因为它在深山里面,那里没有漂亮的建筑物,公路也是又小又脏的。人们的生活都很贫苦。

While in recent years, with the development of society, my hometown has been greatly changed. Now the roads are getting much wider. There are many different cars and buses running on the roads. Trees and flowers are planted on the two sides of the roads. They can provide us with oxygen and fight against the pollutants. So the sky becomes cleaner and brighter. Whats more, you can see many modern and beautiful buildings everywhere, and the living conditions are improving. People are enjoying a comfortable life now.

近年来,随着社会的发展,我的家乡发生了很大的变化。现在的路是越来越大了。有许多不同的汽车和公交车在道路上运行。道路两边种满了树木和鲜花。他们可以为我们提供氧气,与污染物抗争。现在天空变得更清洁、更明亮。更重要的是,你随处可见到许多现代和美丽的建筑,人们的生活条件也得到了改善。现在人们在享受舒适的生活。

描写家乡的变化初中英语范文篇二

Great changes have taken place in my hometown for recent years.big department stores and factories are everywhere. Different kinds of cars and buses are running in the big streets.with the development of the society,The life of the us is greatly improved.

I used to live in a small house and small houese surround the whole city. the qaulity of our life is very low,people were always worried that they would have no money for using or they can not get what they like. we could seldom see any foreign tourists.

But now, with the support of the government . My hometown has developed quickly and has changed a lot.people are living in a rich and high quality society,almost each person has a car,the transportation is convinient,meanwhile. more and more high buildings are being built which brings our hometown a new look. many wonderful places have been opened up that attracts many tourists.

Also,the people in my hometown are getting busier, everywhere you can see peoples footprints.

描写家乡的变化初中英语范文篇三

In recent years, my hometown has changed greatly, because of new road and railway has been built. Previously, my hometown was closed to the outside world. Several years ago, the government paid much money on changing the basic equipment of my hometown. Building new roads is the biggest project. It took about half a year to build the new road. After finish, people have more methods to make money. And we have more communication with other places, which is a good way to develop ourselves. About two years latter, the railway was built. After that, there have been more and more changes happened in my hometown. Now, my hometown has developed into a big and rich town. People live a happy life.

最近几年,由于建成新的公路和铁路,我的家乡发生了很大的变化。以前,我的家乡与外界隔绝。几年前,政府花了大量资金改变家乡的基本设备。新建公路是最大的工程。新建公路大约花了半年时间。公路建成后,人们找到了更多赚钱的方法。而且,我们可以与其他地方互通,这是我们发展自己的好方法。大约两年后,铁路修好了。从那以后,我的家乡发生了越来越多的变化。现在,我的家乡已经变成一个富裕的大城镇。人民过着幸福的生活。

展开阅读全文

篇13:英语句型改写初中英语改写句子练习

全文共 1725 字

+ 加入清单

考辅P42

1.IgaveTomthebook.//

2.Heboughthismothersomeflowers.//

3.Thebridgewasbuiltbyworkerslastyear.//

4.Wehavetofinishtheworktoday.//5.Hewilldohishomeworktomorrow.//

6.Wecleantheroomseveryday.//7.Thewriterspent3yearsonthebook.//

8.Itisabookwithalotofbeautifulpictures.//

9.Thebooksoldverywellduringthefirstweek.//firstweek.

10.Marywastheonlyoneintheoffice.//

11.Shefinishedherworkat10o’clock.//Shedidn’12.Shehadtotakeataxihomebecauseitwastoolate.

13.LizaandMikearrivedattheGreatWallintwohours.

14.Theywerehappytogettothetop.//

15.TheyenjoyedthemselvesontheGreatWall.//

16.ThepostmansentSusanandTommyapaperbox.

17.Theyopeneditandfoundapresentfromtheirfriend.

18.Theybothlikedthepresentandfeltveryhappy.

19.Alicedidn’tfeelwelltoday,soshewenttothehospital.

20.Thedoctoraskedhersomequestions.//

21.Thedoctordidn’tgiveheranymedicineintheend.

(全真1)

1.ThecapitalAirporthasbeeninusefor20years.//

2.ThecapitalAirportisthelargestoneinChina.//

3.Ihavenevertakenaplane.MyfriendLiPing,either.//

(全真2)

1.Fathergave$20formetobuysomebooks.//

2.IwasexcitedwhenIsawsomanygoodbooksinthebookstore.

3.ButsomebookswouldcostmorethanIhave.//

ButIdidn’//(全真3)

1.ManyChinesefriendswenttotheparty.2.Tonywasgivenalotofpresentsbyhisfriends.//Tony’

3.SeeinghisChineseteacheratthepartymadeTonyveryhappy.//(全真4)

1.Iwanttoeatsomething.//2.Therefrigeratorisempty.//3.Bobspentfifteenyuanonthehamburger.///(全真5)

1.Mr.Wangdoesn’tworkinthatfactoryanylonger.//

2.Mr.Wanglefthomeearlierinordertocatchthebus.3.Mr.Wangfindsitnoteasytogetalongwiththatyoungguy.//(专家1)

1.Manypeoplewentshoppingyesterday.

2.Janespent4hourstobuyNewyeargifts.//

3.Shewassotiredthatshecouldn’twalkanylonger.//

(专家2)

1.Myfriendssaidtome,“Areyoufree?”

2.Shewantedmetogoshoppingwithher.

3.Shethinksitapleasuretogoshoppingwithafriend.

展开阅读全文

篇14:,初中写我的妈妈英语作文

全文共 1898 字

+ 加入清单

My mother forty years ago, the years of the wind and frost in her face carved a deep road wrinkles. Mother is a national cadre. Brother and sister six, grandfather is not wealthy, she did not go to high school, seventeen years old in the county a factory in the workers. Mother work very well, many times was rated as a model worker.

While working, while learning, she also passed the adult self-examination. Later, my mother was honored to be recruited as an official cadre. Mother from small body weakness, has been sick, life is very hard. At that time, my father in the township when the leadership, work very busy, poor traffic conditions, away from home and far. My mother to take care of her sister to primary school, but also to help grandparents and grandfather care for some housework, their work and can not escape the body.

Mom said to me: "work and life, although a little tired, but the days of the very full." In recent years, my mother finally got rid of the disease plagued, but she lived is not easy. Dads work transferred to the outside county, my sister and I went to school in Taiyuan, the old age of the elderly are big. She returned home to visit the elderly, running Taiyuan to take care of me and my sister, usually in the stone but also cooking fathers life.

I had to leave for the whole family. When I saw my mother running around, hey! My mother is so hard ah! Last year, winter vacation, my mother did not come to me, I really do not know what happened? Later, my father told me, my mother made a Small surgery. My father and I hurried back to the stone, all the way my heart is about to jump out.

When I took the certificate to the mothers bed before the eyes full of tears suddenly burst out, I do not know what to say with my mother! Mom looked at me, tears, put me tightly in my arms , With her hard-working hands stroking me. My mother is kind and kind. I love my mom!

展开阅读全文

篇15:电脑游戏初中生英语作文

全文共 979 字

+ 加入清单

题目:李小虎沉迷于电脑游戏中,影响了学习。作为他的好朋友,你打算怎么帮他呢?

请用下面所给的提示词写一篇短文。

提示词: give up concentrate on be (become)interested in

Li Xiaohu spent too much time playing computer games and he fell behind others. As a good/close friend of his, I must do something to help him.

First, I think it’s very important for him to learn lessons well. He should spend most of his time on his study instead of computer games. Secondly, I must tell him that playing computer games too much is bad for his health, especially for his eyes. So he must give it up. I can play more sports with him after school. Maybe he will become more interested in sports than computer games. And then Ill ask him to concentrate more on his study. Of course, I will try my best to help him with all his subjects. I think I can do it in many fun ways and let him find much fun in studying. At the same time, Ill ask both his parents and our teachers to help him, too. If I try these, Im sure he will make great progress soon.

[电脑游戏初中英语作文

展开阅读全文

篇16:阅读初中英语作文

全文共 1398 字

+ 加入清单

After a long cold winter when I have rarely been out on my bike, the weather has finally turned warmer and even sunny occasionally. Yesterday I had a surprise call from Tom suggesting we turn out for a short ride. This being my intention anyway I gladly agreed and we met up at Jiedaokou Station at about ten o’clock.

As Tom has a permanent Sunday Lunch appointment at 12-30pm we opted to make a round trip to Hannan . The weather was cloudy but dry and as we were both a bit out of condition after a long winter lay off we took the easy option of taking the train to Shiyan to get us on top of the ridge with an easy start for the trip.

A long coast down to Jiangtan and straight on to Mount End saw us climbing up to Zhongshan Park. The climb got stiffer but still Tom kept on riding. Gritting my teeth I followed on and crested the hill, Then the usual Essex switchback with an enforced short walk for both of us part way along saw us at Tawny common. Round the common we went, to the Mole Trap, an erstwhile rough old country pub now tarted up for the motorists. I don’t go in there any more, so we sat on the adjacent public seat for a while and a short natter.

Time enough to break away, Tom to his lunch appointment, me for home by way of theYellow Crane Tower and Changjiang Bridge. See you in a while, crocodile! I arrived home about 2 o’clock. Just in time for my own Sunday lunch .

[阅读初中英语作文

展开阅读全文

篇17:水果英语年级

全文共 643 字

+ 加入清单

I like to eat fruit because almost all fruits are tasty and good for your

body.I like sweet fruits better than sour fruits.My favourite fruit is hami

melon I think it is the sweetest fruit in the world.

I love hami melons.Theyre sweeter than candy and they smell really good.I

hate lemons because no fruit in the world is sourer than it.Sometimes I like to

eat some grapes,too.But be carefull,sometimes they can be as sweet as hami

melons and sometimes they can be as sour as lemons.

My mammy and daddy like to eat sour fruits and my little brother likes to

eat sweet fruits just like me.Fruit is the most delicious thing in the

world.Fruit,I love you.

展开阅读全文

篇18:初中英语作文旅游

全文共 361 字

+ 加入清单

Last winter holiday, I went to Harbin with my mother. It‘s very cold in winter. There is snow and ice everywhere and you are always in a white world. You must wear warm clothes. The most exciting thing is playing with snow. Skating is also very interesting there. I will always remember Harbin, for the snow, the ice and all the beautiful things. I love Harbin.

展开阅读全文

篇19:寒假初中英语

全文共 703 字

+ 加入清单

My winter holiday was very interesting.as that day I got back to my native hometown,cousins and cousines took me to ski.My skiing skill isnt well,got down for 15 times,they laughed at me behind,I cant help smiling too.

The day of spring festival was the most happiness day,we had meal for the first,a table of delicious food,that made me so glad.then we played the fireworks.The childrens waving the lightening ticket while watching the adults playing the fireworks.that was so beautiful!like the stars rainning down the world.at the end,it was time to get the red bag.

We were very exciting,and satisfied.sometimes,we also go shopping and buying something we like.

Winter holiday life was really abundant!

展开阅读全文

篇20:初中生英语

全文共 771 字

+ 加入清单

Christmas is also known as Christmas, translated as "Christ mass", western

traditional festival, every year in December 25th. Mass is a kind of church

service. Christmas is a religious festival, because regard it as to celebrate

the birth of Jesus, named "christmas".

Most of the Catholic Church will be first in the 24, Christmas Eve, i.e.,

the early morning of December 25 at midnight mass, and some Christian will be

held caroling and on December 25 to celebrate Christmas; Christian another

branch of Orthodox Christmas celebration in the annual January 7.

Christmas is a public holiday in the western world and in many other

regions, such as Hongkong, Macao, Malaysia, and Singapore in Asia. The Bible

actually did not record the date of birth of Jesus, Christmas is a public.

展开阅读全文