小学英语的教学反思范文优秀20篇

When the founder of Facebook, Mark Zuckerbergs daughter was born, he

announced a general decision and surprised the world. Mark told media that he

would donate 99 percent of his fortune to the charity organizations. Some people

wonder why he did not save the heritage for his offspring. In fact, in western

countries, for some rich people, they dont trend to leave much fortune for

their kids, instead, they use the money to educate their children and cultivate

them to be the wise persons. The rich people leave the invisible fortune, which

is their fame. Their children can have more chances to do their business or

receive better education with their family names. The wise rich men know the

best way to educate their offspring. They teach skills and the way of thinking,

which values everything.

I like animals very much. I have a dog, It’s my favourite animal. It’s white, It looks like a snow ball. It has two big eyes and ears. But its nose and mouth are very small. It’s very naughty.

It often stares at my food when I have a meal. When I’m home it follows me all the time.

When I do my homework, it often sits beside quietly, but sometimes runs around me and shouts: wom wom.

I like my dog very much.

小学四年级的英语作文一

I am a primary school student. In school, I have four classes in the morning andtwo in the afternoon. Usually, the classes are over at about half past four.SoI have much time to have fun. We students have many activities after class.

Forexample, I like playing badminton and table tennis. Some of my classmates likeplaying basketball and football. There is a gym in my school. It’s a popularplace, too.My school encourages students to do exercise after class. So myschool provides us many places and equipment. I like taking part in variousactivities after class. It makes me happy.

小学四年级的英语作文二

I want to be ateacher in the future, because I think teacher is a good job. My teachers arevery good. Some of them are gentle, but some of them are not.But I think theyall care for students very much.

I want to be a good teacher like them. I thinkI will be strict to my students in the class. But after class, I want to betheir friend and help them in study and life. Besides, it can help me to keep ayoung heart to stay with young students.I must work hard for my dream.

小学四年级的英语作文三

My father is thirty-five years old. He is an attractive middle-age. He is an engineer, working in a big factory of my city. His working time is regular, going to office at eight o’clock and coming home at six o’clock.He works hard and becomes an important person in his factory.

At weekends, he does not go to work, so that he usually stays at home or take my mother and I go out. In my opinion, my father is a great person. He brings happiness to my family.

小学四年级的英语作文四

Today is "51" labor day, I want to do a meaningful thing. Because when I saw mother labor always waist sour backache, so I want to pass the labor day, for my mother to share some things, some burden. So, I thought of a good idea: to do a thorough cleaning at home.

First of all, I began to wash Windows and doors. I examined, to the house from top to bottom earnestly, from top to down with a rag, sticky dust on the cloth. Im tired, that this I full head big sweat, out of breath.

But I think: "cleaning was very hard, but if I insist on not to live, its not just did also wasted? Do things stead fast." Although I have washed my mother washed clean ? than anything else.

小学四年级的英语作文五

Two years ago, I startedto learn English.

At first, I think it is difficult, but my teacher taught me somegood ways. First, remember new words as much as possible. When you seesomething, you can use English words to name it.

Using the pronunciation to remembernew words is a good way. Second, read the words or sentence loudly. It will strengthenyour memory, so that you can remember words or sentence quickly. Third, listento the tape.Listening is the basic of English learning, so it’s important. Theseare some good ways to learn English. I hope they can be useful to you.

小学四年级的英语作文六

The summer vacation had come round again. I was happy that I could forget about school at least for a while.

Lest I fool around all through this summer vacation, I made a plan as to how to spend it. First, I thought I should go over all those things my teachers taught in the previous term so that I could have a better understanding of them.Then I thought I should take up some forms of exercise, such as walking, running rowing, to keep me physically strong.

It stood to reason that with such a good plan I should make the best of my vacation time.I did, because I lived up to what I had planned.

小学四年级的英语作文七

I have a friend, her name is Lucy, I knew her when I was 4, she is my best friend.

Sometimes we will argue for something, none of us want to say sorry, then we will not talk to each other for days.I am so afraid that we will lose our friendship, so I will always be the first one to apologize. Now we learn to understand each other.

小学四年级的英语作文八

I like candy very much. On my birthday, my grandma gives me a bag of candy. Fruit candy is my favorite. They are colourful.

The banana candy is yellow, the strawberry candy is red, and the apple candy is green. My mother doesn’t want me to eat too many candies, it is bad for tooth.

小学四年级的英语作文九

As a child, when people give me the things to play or eat, I will be very happy and then accept them. But recently, as there are so much news about the children being cheated, my mother starts to worry about me, she tells me that I should not accept the strangers’ things, or I will be hurt.

I listen to her words and I take care of myself carefully.

小学四年级的英语作文十

I used to pouring away the water directly after I using it. Someday, my mother asked me to help her wash the clothes, as I was about to pour away the water, my mother stopped me and she told me that most water can be recycled.

当孩子们满怀信心的把他们的作文本交上来的时候，我看着他们一双双纯洁的眼睛，总想给每个孩子的作文给予最恰如其分的评价。一个教师的作文评语如果给得好的话既能指导孩子们的作文水平也能提高他们的作文兴趣。我一直在思考怎么样做好作文的评语工作?我想无非作好以下几点:

其一，标准因训练目的而异。一篇作文在表情达意，用词造句等方面的好坏是有一定标准的，但这个标准可以因训练目的不同而灵活掌握。如看图写话练习，只要学生把图中主要的意思写出来了，顺序清楚，语句通顺，就可以算作好文章;写一个人，能写出他在外貌、语言、动作、心理上的基本特点，写一处景物，能写出它的层次、特色，也该是好文章;同样，写一次活动，能把主要过程记下来;写一个场面，能把主要情景写出来;写记叙文，时间、地点、人物、事件都很完整;写说明文，说明顺序清楚，说明对象描述准确;写日记、书信格式正确，真实可信……都应给予鼓励和肯定。下面是我给作文《第一次做家务》写的一段评语:“第一次独自做饭，免不了要手忙脚乱。按照做饭的先后顺序，作者依次写了淘米、煲饭、炒菜的全过程。因为经验不足，就要格外细心;越细心，就越慌神儿。好在小作者挺机灵，关键时刻能急中生智，转危为安。作者抓住了‘第一次’做饭的特点，文字不多;却写得小有波澜。别看小作者做饭时手忙脚乱，文章可写得步骤清楚。”这段评语从说明文的训练目的出发，着眼于所评作文是否圆满地完成了写作说明文的要求，如过程是否完整，顺序是否清晰，标题中的“第一次”是否充分体现出来了……这样，就使学生了解了自己的文章在什么方面达到了老师提出的训练目标，从而进一步努力。

其二，角度因文而异。一篇作文的长处或短处在作文要素的各个方面表现是不均衡的，作文评语应该从什么角度入手，关系到能否对学生的作文作出公正评价的问题，因为一篇作文，尤其是一篇优秀作文，其优秀之处都各有不同，这就要求教师写评语时能选择恰当的角度，抓住文章的突出之处。如《小精灵》一文的评语:“伟伟可真是当之无愧的‘小精灵’呀!瞧他那双饱满的天庭下乌黑的大眼睛，瞧他趁人不备干的那些‘坏事’，瞧他挨打告饶时甜甜的嘴巴，瞧他吃饭时与‘小伙伴”们有福同享的‘慷慨’，瞧他以外婆的绝招‘反击’外婆时的狡猾，无不透着淘气、顽皮和聪明。文章在记叙外婆‘哄’伟伟爱惜粮食的过程中，从语言、动作、表情、外貌等多方面选取细节，按照一个4岁男孩的特点，生动地作了刻划，使伟伟活生生一个小精灵跃然纸上。虽然他还不懂事，但却很可爱。”再看作文《我是司令你是兵》的评语:“如果没有异想天开，童年也就不会色彩斑斓了。换一个角度体会一下指挥别人的威风，换一种活法体验一下辛苦和艰苦的滋味，不仅是一种乐事，还是一件好事。文中‘司令’和‘小兵’的语言和动作既是‘兵’的，又是‘孩子气’的，两个孩子那副煞有介事、俨然真为司令真为兵的神气劲儿，令人忍俊不禁，由不得赞叹作者描写的活泼”。同是写人的作文，前一篇作文侧重写伟伟的真实活动，后一篇作文侧重写两个孩子的真实想像。作文评语的角度也有所不同，前一篇评语着重评人物描写的是否生动，后者着重评作者独特的体验和想像。

其三，语气因人而异。作文评语的接受对象是学生，学生能否和乐于接受并受到启示，是检验教师评语写的是否合格的尺度。学生的年龄、心理、性别、经历不同，写出的文章也会风格各异，这就需要教师变化各种语气，写出能让学生心服口服的评语来，这样才能充分发挥作文评语的指导作用。好的作文评语也该是一段短小精悍的文字，让学生有所收获，与学生有所沟通，互相理解，同时又赏心悦目，那种生硬、呆板、千篇一律、放之四海皆用的评语只能引起学生的厌倦和反感。请看作文《月亮娃娃》的评语:“周智莹小朋友真幸运，她能有个‘月亮娃娃’。她太喜爱这个娃娃了，所以对它观察得很细致。她是按这样的顺序来观察并描写的:蓝天→星星→月亮→小男孩和小女孩→可爱的小花猫。写一个静物比较容易，要把静物写得生动而又具体就不那么容易了。周智莹小朋友恰恰做到了这一点:她不仅写了这个静物各部分的颜色、大概样子，还写出了小男孩和小女孩的服饰和姿态，最后还写出了自己的联想，字里行间流露出对爸爸送给自己的这份礼物的喜爱之情。”这样的评语不仅指出所评作文的内容和写法上的特点，而且表达了对一个小女孩真挚的理解，语气是那样亲切、温和，像老师，更像妈妈。再看一段为《给姑妈的一封信》写的评语:“沈思同学在给姑妈的这封信里，记叙了家里发生的一件大事--爷爷给她找了位新奶奶。她明知道这应该是件喜事，可是自己却‘怎么也高兴不起来’，原因是她太爱自己的亲奶奶了。沈思同学，你不是也很敬爱爷爷吗?你不是也希望爷爷晚年幸福快乐吗?那么请你在心里给新奶奶留个位置，像爱亲奶奶那样去爱新奶奶吧!全信感情真挚，语言流畅得体，格式正确无误。初学写信的同学能把信写得这样好，是很不错的。”这样的评语，语气更像谈心，从写作的角度看，谈心也是一种在内容上对学生进行写作指导的方式，而且是一种很好的方式。

无论怎样，语文教师都要重视作文评语的写作，对教师来说三言两语、信手拈来的作文评语，对学生可是字字重千斤，直接影响到他们的作文甚至做人，所以，必须字斟句酌。

在结构上本文层次清楚，条理明确，重点突出，采用了联想，夸张的手法，语言生动优美，情景交融。在教学中我采用了如下思路，理清文章脉络，按照下雪前，下雪时，下雪后的顺序学习全文。“以学生为主体”，渗透学习方法的指导，特别是朗读方法的指导，让学生在读中感受，读中想象，体会本文的语言美、景色美，以及作者的欣喜之情。朗读是一种古老的却极富生命力的学习方法，也是品读美文的重要方法。本文语言生动优美，用朗读去体会能起到很好的作用。

这堂课总得来说是较好得完成了教学任务的。整堂课各个环节的设置合理，上课环环相扣，每个环节之间的过渡都非常自然。而且我在上课的始终都保持着一种高昂的情绪，这种情绪一直带领着学生从课堂的开始到结尾。这堂课我自己感觉最值得珍藏的一点便是学生的朗读，从学生一遍又一遍的读书声中，我们似乎已经可以体会到学生从诵读中享受到了快乐。特别是在教学第四自然段的时候，我先让学生默读，勾出自己喜欢的句子，然后有感情的把这个句子读出声来，之后读给你的小伙伴听，接着指名读他(她)喜欢的句子，一边读还一边做朗读指导。这个自然段的教学我引导学生运用了多种读书的方法，从第一次读到最后的一次读，学生实际上已经在不知不觉中经历一个精读的过程了。

当然，这堂课也让我暴露出不少自身的不足，这些不足带领着我进行更多的思考。首先，在教师基本职业素质方面，我感觉自身的语言表达能力还不够强，除了课前设计过的一些过渡语和叙述性语言外，其余在课堂临场发挥的语言都缺乏感染力，不够美!这一点也直接牵扯到我对学生的评价语。所以，第二点便是评价语单调，对孩子没有起到实际性的激励或纠正的作用。第三，面向全体学生，注重学生全员参与的深度和广度没有体现出来。这些都值得我深深地思考。

这堂课让我积累了不少宝贵的教学经验，通过这堂课的反思与感悟，我想自己会在教学道路上前进一步的。

Dear Liu Qi,

I, the undersigned, am a senior in Peking University. The 2008 Beijing Olympic Games is coming in four years. After watching the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, I can not help writing to you.

First of all, here is my suggestion for the preparation work of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. The construction work of the sports building must be completed in time according to the contract. In Athens, the swimming stadium was not accomplished in time so that the event had to be held in the open air, which has brought negative effect on the performance of athletes. In one word, to protect the international image of China and ensure the Olympic competition, we must finish our preparation work well and in time.

Last but not least important, I want to express my wish to be a volunteer. In the first place, it is the duty of every Chinese to do his bit for the 2008 Olympic Games. In the second place, I have a good command of foreign languages. I can speak English, Russian, and Japanese. Therefore I can be a qualified volunteer.

I am looking forward to your reply

Sincerely Yours

美丽的秋天来了，果树上挂满了红艳艳的“小灯笼”。乡下的孩子欢蹦乱跳地跳着喊着，田野里回荡着他们银铃般的笑声。

Beautiful autumn, the trees hanging lanterns with red "". The children in the countryside and dance and skip with joy shouting, the field echoed with their laughter.

村里的人都忙忙碌碌的，姐姐带着弟弟去山上摘果子。到了果园，天呐!果树上的果子都成熟了，姐姐和弟弟欢天喜地的摘了满满三篮子。

All the people in the village were busy, and the elder sister took her younger brother to the mountain to pick the fruit. When we get to the orchard, God! The fruit on the tree was ripe, and the sister and brother picked up three baskets with great joy.

果园里的果子像海边的沙子一样多。秋天里漂浮着许多香甜的气味，梨香香的，苹果甜甜的，菠萝酸酸的，还有很多种香气在空气中漂浮着。

The fruit in the orchard is as much as the sand by the sea. There are many sweet scents floating in autumn. The pears are sweet, apple, sweet, pineapple and sour, and there are many kinds of scent floating in the air.

秋天它把黄色给了银杏树，它把红色给了枫叶，它把金黄色给了田野，它把橙红色给了果树，它把紫红的、淡黄的、雪白的给了菊花仙子。

In autumn, it gave yellow to the ginkgo tree. It gave the red to the maple leaves. It gave the golden color to the fields. It gave the orange red to the fruit trees. It gave the chrysanthemums the purple, the yellow and the snow-white.

秋天真美啊，我爱秋天!

Autumn is beautiful, I love autumn!

Different countries have different customs and different ways to celebrate festival. In our China, we have a variety of festivals, of which celebrating way is different. For example, we will eat mooncake in Mid-autumn Festival and have dragon boat races in the Dragon Boat Festival and eat zongzi. But in some extend, we celebrate all the festivals in the same way. Every family will have a big meal with their family. It is a time for family gathering. No matter what kind of celebrating way for a festival, it is the time to enjoy life.

不同的国家有不同的风俗习惯和不同的节日庆祝方式。在我们中国，我们有各种各样的节日，而庆祝它们的方式是不一样的。例如，我们会在中秋节吃月饼、在端午节赛龙舟、吃粽子。但从某种程度上说，我们都是以同样的方式来庆祝所有的节日。每家每户都会和家人一起吃大餐。这是属于家庭相聚的时间。无论用什么样的方式来庆祝，这都是享受生活的时刻。

Lantern Festival The 15th day of the 1st lunar month is the Chinese Lantern

Festival because the first lunar month is called yuan-month and in the ancient

times people called night Xiao. The 15th day is the first night to see a full

moon. So the day is also called Yuan Xiao Festival in China. According to the

Chinese tradition, at the very beginning of a new year, when there is a bright

full moon hanging in the sky, there should be thousands of colorful lanterns

hung out for people to appreciate. At this time, people will try to solve the

puzzles on the lanterns and eat yuanxiao (glutinous rice ball) and get all their

families united in the joyful atmosphere.

近30年的中国作文教学改革史，是一部成绩辉煌的历史，其显著标志是涌现出了许多有影响的作文教学流派。

重视“模仿”的作文教学流派

这一作文教学流派以“文体中心”为理论依据。上世纪初，以美国现代修辞学家希尔为代表的英美学者的“文体学”传入中国，自此以后，我国的作文教学基本上以“文体为序”、以“文体为中心”。这种以“文体为中心”的写作教学模式，其结构基本上是先记叙文后说明文，再议论文，并相对应于初中、高中作文教学。具体来说，就是初一以记叙文为主，初二以说明文为主，初三以议论文为主；高一以复杂的记叙文为主，高二以复杂的说明文为主，高三以复杂的议论文为主。“文体中心”的作文训练模式着重培养学生对每种文体的特征及模式的把握能力，通过训练掌握每种文体的写作知识、写作方法，从而形成记叙文、说明文、议论文的文体写作规范。

至上世纪80年代，著名特级教师钱梦龙等以“文体中心论”为指导，创造了“模仿---创造”的作文训练体系。这一体系着重对记叙文、说明文、议论文等文体的写作能力培养进行探索，其基本程序是“模仿——改写——仿作——评析——借鉴——博采”

这样一个由易到难的过程系列。这一训练模式在我国当代作文教学界有普遍影响，其优点是学生写作文体意识强，作文也容易入门，效果明显。但“文体中心”训练模式对我国作文教学的消极影响也较大，整个中学语文教学基本上围绕这些文体知识转，淡化了学生写作整体素养的提高，不利于学生的全面发展。

湖南特级教师杨初春的“快速作文教学法”也是“文体中心，模仿为主”这一流派中有影响的教法。不过，与“模仿---创造”不同的是，“快速作文教学法”最为关注的是学生作文的速度问题。杨初春把自己的体系概括为“五步四法两课型”。“五步”即基础训练、思维训练、技巧训练、速度训练、综合训练。“四法”即写作限期限时法、指导先“实”后“虚”法、评阅浏览自改法、训练分步达标法。

“两课型”即写作实践型课和理论指导型课。尽管这个体系很强调基础训练和思维训练，但是这个体系真正落实的是技法模式训练，概括出的写作技法有数十种。例如，在写作的“一般技巧模式”方面，他提出了“快速审题15法”、“快速构思10法”、“快速行文4法”、“快速修改4法”。在记叙、说明、议论三种文体的写作技巧模式方面，他提出“快速写景状物3法”、“快速抒情达意4法”、“快速记人记事3法”、“说理议论4法”、“快速给材料作文3法”等。这一训练模式广受学生欢迎，但受到理论界一些人士的质疑，认为是“为考而教，为考而学”，是应试教育的产物，并且“缺乏理论依据”。

笔者认为，随着现代社会节奏越来越快，快速作文的能力显得越来越重要。中国作文教学界需要重新认识“快速作文教学法”的价值。

重视“思维”的作文教学流派

“文体中心，模仿为主”的作文教学方法，并没有真正解决提高学生实际作文素质、水平和能力的问题，因为决定文章成败的并不是文体和文章模式的模仿，而是学生的写作智能，也就是作文所需要的观察、思维等心理习惯和能力。于是，作文教学界的一些有识之士在这方面进行了探索，其中常青、刘胐胐、高原、章熊等就是其中的代表。

常青很早就提出了“作文分格训练教学法”。分格训练所谓的“格”，是单一的基本训练单位，具体地说是把说话、写话、片断训练到篇章训练，从写人记事到写景状物，从审题立意、选材组材到开头结尾，从培养观察能力到发展语言、思维能力，把众多的作文难点分解成一个一个具体训练的基本单位---“格”。例如，把一年级的说话训练分成两大格、若干小格。两大格：第一大格，说一句完整的话；第二大格，说几句连贯的话。把“说一句完整的话”又分成五个小格：第一格，敢说；第二格，说顺；第三格，说实；第四格，说活；第五格，说准。也就是把某一年级的作文教学要求分解成若干个具体小要求进行循序渐进的训练，为命题作文综合训练准备好“预制件”。

对每一格训练都提出了要求，说明了道理。他把每种文体按观察、思维、想象、表达等五条线索系统组织成256格，每一格就是一种“语段写作公式”。例如，分格训练中的“加格”语段，有这样三种格式：

人+动作+话，人+动作+表情+话，人+动作+心理活动+话。这样的“语段写作公式”实际上是用概括出的文章内容的思维语法或一般思维模式来训练提高学生观察、思维、想像、表达的能力。从主观上看，分格训练法已经注意到写作智能的培养，也有利于推动作文教学的科学化，但是，它关注到的写作智能只是一种表层的语言思维模式，而不是写作思维过程的深层思维操作模型，因此从客观效果来看，也一定程度地限制了学生的思维和创造性。

北京著名特级教师刘胐胐和首都师大教授高原提出的“观察——分析——表达”三级训练体系，侧重于学生认识能力的培养。三级训练体系的总体结构是：观察是基础，分析是核心，表达是结果，三者是一个有机的整体。初中一年级着重进行观察训练，主要目的是培养学生的观察能力，训练方式是写观察日记、观察笔记，这一阶段侧重练习记叙和描写。观察又分为一般观察和深入观察，前者指定向观察、机遇观察、科学现象观察、日常生活观察、人物观察、内心世界观察；后者指比较观察，反复观察，观察与体验、联想、想象、调查的关系。初中二年级进行分析训练，主要目的是培养学生的分析能力，训练方式是写分析笔记，这一阶段侧重进行议论和说明的练习。

分析训练又分为“分析起步”和“分析入门”两个阶段。前者是指提出问题、给予解答、了解情况、实事求是、分析角度（条件分析、因果分析、演变分析）；后者指多角度分析、特点分析、本质分析、意义分析、分析和知识、分析与联想、分析与情感。初中三年级进行表达训练，主要目的是提高学生的表达能力。训练方式是文章结构的训练，后来增加了语感训练，采取的训练方式是进行语感随笔和章法训练，侧重于语言运用和文章结构训练。表达训练也分为“语感训练”

和“章法训练”两个阶段，前者主要包括分寸感、畅达感、情味感、形象感训练，后者主要包括角度、裁剪、层次、衔接的训练。这一训练体系符合写作“物——意——文”转化规律，是写作规律“双重转化”与“三级飞跃”的具体运用，比较符合学生的写作学习规律。

“语言与思维结合”训练模式是由北大附中章熊提出并成功实验的作文教学模式。章熊认为，各种不同的文体在语言上要求有所不同，而思维的条理性则是相同的，作文教学应该是语言训练和思维训练的结合。他认为写作训练应该包括语言练习、形式逻辑训练、想象与联想、综合与概括的训练、写作技巧的局部练习、阅读与分析练习等五个方面。这种训练体系的特点是：它不是以语言知识和思维知识为体系的核心，而是以思维训练为手段，并通过思维训练来设计训练系列，通过语言基本功的训练，开阔学生视野，培养思维能力。这一模式符合心理学、语言学的基本原理，语言与思维对应，以语言表达思维，以思维寻求语言，语言思维同步共进，能有效地提高写作能力。

重视“过程”的作文教学流派

上世纪80年代，许多有远见的语文教师意识到作文教学效率低下是不重视“写作过程”的结果，如果重视“过程训练”，必能快速提高学生写作能力，于是出现了许多重视过程的作文教学方法，其中具代表性的有以下几种模式。

“文体为纬---过程为经”训练模式。这个模式以北京景山学校周蕴玉和上海于漪为代表。他们的做法是：以各种文体的写作特点为纬线，以写作的一般能力——审题、立意、选材、布局谋篇、语言运用等为经线，精选典范作品为例文，按照单元要求设计训练方案，组成一个读写结合、分阶段、有层次的训练序列。这种作文教学体系既摆脱了“熏陶式”的中国古代作文教学方法的影响，又摆脱了“模仿式”作文教学方法的束缚，是我国作文教学开始由经验主义走向科学主义的有益尝试。但是在这种训练体系中，写作基本能力及写作过程能力的训练还处在手段地位，它仍以训练文体写作能力为基本目标。

“文体、过程双轨训练”模式。这是上世纪80年代中期中央教科所实验教材《作文》（1－6册）所设计的写作训练体系。这套作文教材以记叙文、说明文、议论文的写作训练来安排初中第一、第二、第三学年的作文基本训练，同时又按“作文过程”---列提纲、写初稿、修改、打开思路、收集积累作文材料、语言和文风、审题和构思等的训练项目来组成初中作文的另一训练线索，故可称“文体、过程平行双轨”训练模式。这是一个螺旋上升式的作文过程训练体系。

“三线并行”写作训练模式。这是扬州师范学院上世纪80年代编写的《中学作文教学设计》所创设的一种写作训练体系。所谓“三线并行”是指写作内容---写作手法---写作过程三线索的并列安排。第一条线索是“写什么”的由简到繁的序列---单纯的一事、一人、一景、一物、一番情、一种理，复杂的一事多人、一人多事、多人多事、由物及人等。另外两条线索是关于“怎么写”的：一条是写作手法---结构手法、表达手法等；一条是写作过程---立意、选材、结构、布局、表达、修改和思维能力。这个体系完全消解了文体中心论的作文教学观念，在把训练方向转向写作过程的同时，还将思维能力的训练纳入了作文训练的视野。

重视“过程”的作文教学流派是对“熏陶模式”、“模仿模式”的超越，它形成了以“过程为中心”的训练模式，是对“文体中心”作文教学思想的反思，为新课程改革提出“淡化文体，重视过程”开了先声。

重视“兴趣”的作文教学流派

针对学生大都怕作文、恨作文的心理，许多优秀教师开始从心理学的角度对作文教学改革进行思考，于是诞生了一批以增强作文兴趣、作文乐趣为宗旨的作文教学模式。下面简要介绍几种产生较大影响的体系。

“兴趣作文”教学法。这是上世纪90年代中央教科所中学语文教研室申报的一个题目为“农村兴趣作文教学训练体系研究与实验”的课题。这个训练体系的目的就是运用激发学生兴趣的方法改变目前农村学生害怕作文的心理。这一课题在全国进行了大规模的实验。

“广义发表”作文教学法。这是将学生的作文用多种形式发表来激发学生作文兴趣的一种教学方法。发表方式多种多样，有全班宣读、学校广播站广播、利用手抄报或校园报刊发表乃至公开出版，等等。

“活动作文”教学法。“活动作文”训练模式又称“现场演示”

作文教学法或“题型作文”教学法。它是由上海大学李白坚教授提出的一种作文训练模式。李白坚在2000年第1期《写作》杂志上介绍说：

“演示作文教学法是一种以小学五、六年级及初中一年级学生为教学对象，以在作文课上设计可记叙的生动、活泼、有趣的游戏演示活动为作文内容，通过游戏演示活动，激发学生情绪，诱导学生在轻松愉快的氛围中完成从思维到文字的转化，并大规模提高思维创造力及写作水平的作文教学法。”李白坚的作文教学体系是一个“大作文”训练体系，包括小学、初中、高中三个阶段。其中小学部分称“快乐大作文”，初中部分称“趣味大作文”，高中部分称“创新大作文”。

在教学方法上，小学的“快乐大作文”运用的是“现场演示”的作文教学法，而在初中和高中的训练则运用“题型作文”教学法。所谓“题型”，就是“题目类型”，相当于问题、话题，是复合性、开放性、活动性的概念。题型作文向生活汲取素材，更依靠课堂现实活动创设情境。题型作文本质上可以理解为“活动写作、写作活动”式的作文，或者“游戏性”作文。“活动作文”模式主张“训练大于理论”、“训练先于理论”、“活动大于技法”、“活动先于技法”、“实践大于理论”、“实践先于理论”。这一模式的最大价值在于真正激发了学生作文的兴趣，产生了写作的动力，在此基础上产生了写作的心理思维活动，从而完成了写作任务，符合“趣味性”教学原则，符合“活动课程原理”。

除了以上四大流派之外，颇值得一提的是“新概念”作文。1998年由上海《萌芽》杂志社等发起的“新概念作文大赛”催生了新世纪新的写作训练模式。“新概念作文大赛”组委会《征文启事》中说，“新概念”提倡“二新一真”：“新思维”---创造性、发散性思维，打破旧观念、旧规范的束缚，打破僵化保守，无拘无束；“新表达”---不受题材、体裁限制，使用属于自由的充满个性的语言，反对套话，反对千人一面，众口一词；“真体验”——真爱、真切、真诚、真挚地关注、感受、体察生活。这一模式是“新时期”作文教学改革的“先声”，是对传统作文教学的“扬弃”。它为中小学生写作学习探索出了一条新路：表达真情性、真感受，自由写作，放飞心灵！

Every year, Spring Festival makes me happy, because I can spend a long

holiday to stay with my families. On the New Year’s Eve, all the families got

together. We woke up early in the morning and then my mother started to purchase

some food to prepare the big dinner. I helped my mother to bring the food.

Before dinner, there was a tradition in my hometown. We needed to bring the

chicken to take a bow to our ancestors, showing our respect and gratitude. When

the dinner’s ready, we ate happily and talked a lot. Then at night, the families

pasted the New Year’s scrolls and decorated the house. What a harmonious

environment and we enjoyed the family hour. In the next few days, I visited a

lot of relatives. It was a good chance for us to communicate with each

other.

今年，我是第一次教一年级，对于一年级的教学方法感到特别生疏，尤其是拼音教学更是让我感到头疼。汉语拼音课的内容没有生动的故事情节，都是一些抽象的符号，既难读又难记，学生学起来一般都会感觉特别枯燥无味。再加上孩子年龄小、注意力持续时间短，学习抽象的拼音，接受并熟练地拼读音节并不是一件简单的事情，为调动学生参与学习的积极性，我努力为学生创设一个良好的学习环境，让学生在拼音王国里快乐地遨游，以达到较好的学习效果。

1.巧设教学游戏，在游戏中学拼音。低年级学生好奇好动，仍保留着学前儿童游戏的兴趣，甚至企盼游戏活动。作为教者要巧计游戏，吸引学生。如：教完23个声母后，我设计了“排队”这个游戏，我把声母卡片分给学生，然后说：“现在我请声母来排队。看谁站得又对又快。”这个游戏不但能巩固以前所学知识，而且训练了学生注意力集中、思维敏捷、动作迅速，一举两得。诸如此类行之有效的游戏方式还有很多： “摸字卡”“摘星星”“拼读游戏”“变魔术”……

2.形近字母比较识记。

汉语拼音是符号文字，由一些固定的字母笔画组成，包括左半圆、右半圆、长竖、短竖等。在教授由这些笔画组成的b、p、d、q等字母时，可将这四个字母分成两组启发学生采用比较的方法学习。这组形近字母在比较时，可以引导学生想：b-p都是右半圆，听广播（b）天线往上拉，泼水（p）水往下流；d-q都是左半圆，马蹄（d）向上带土，气球（q）下边拉绳。还可同时加上手势和口诀：右下半圆b，左下半圆 d，右上半圆p，左上半圆 q。学生在边看、边说、边比划的过程中加深了对这两组字母的记忆。两个相近字母一目了然，使学生模糊的形象变得清晰，明了。

3.组织两人合作，在合作中学拼音。如让同桌两人互当“小老师”的活动，一个读拼音，一个当小老师，互考互问，学生们在小老师和学生的角色互换中兴趣不减，体验着当老师的成就感和学习的乐趣。在拼音的拼读教学中两人合作学习更能激发兴趣。如：“找朋友”游戏，同桌两人一个拿声母卡片一个拿韵母卡片，老师说一个音节，学生们在《找朋友》的音乐中找出声母和韵母，再一起拼读。学生在合作学习中兴趣浓、劲头足，并且参与面广、效果好。还有很多合作学习的方式，如：学习小组合作、大组合作等。

虽然在拼音教学中我有了一点点的收获,但与此同时，我也深深感受到了汉语拼音教学的难度。我坚信只要我们善于把字符变活，把学习的主动权交还给学生，相信我们的学生定能在拼音王国里尽情驰骋并乐此不疲！

[汉语词语教学反思

good! i jiaoli its far this year, 12-year-old, changsha city in the rice fields junior secondary school reading. i am good at playing table tennis, china is the second in the team; i like playing the piano, for two years has been a five-level 5. i like to eat kfc, so why fat. this is the first time participate in the english game, or lack of experience, but i hope i can play great! next, i bring you a song - edelweiss

小学四年级英语日记

Spring comes.ltsgetting warmer and warmer.Everything is dry, trees, fields and even the air. Just then, it rains. lts as soft as silk. lt washes the dirty of the earth and waters the plants and the fields. lt also waters peoples hears. Farmers stand in the spring rain and smile.

Spring rain is as dear as oil They seem to see the harvest time inautumn. Spring rain brings water to the air. It also brings hope to people.

小学四年级英语日记

Next week I would like to go to Kaifeng and parents. Kaifeng has many great snacks, such as steamed buns, sesame seed Gaul. Kaifeng also on the famous Qingming River Park, I think it has to be very beautiful. My parents will be opened to see my uncle and live in his house one night.

小学四年级英语日记

August 12,2012 Friday Today, I did housework for grandmother. She is not very healthy and I decide to do housework for her more frequently. And she will feel happy and become better. Suddenly, an idea hit me that it’s terrible to grow old becuase you have to worry about both your health and others’ opinions. Once again, I make a decision to be a good girl.

要写好读后感，关键在于把握好“读”与“感”之间的关系，尤其是结合实际，写出真情实“感”。

在教学中，我发现了学生写读后感容易出现的一些问题：

第一、“读”和“感”分离。有些同学写读后感，只写“读”而不写“感”，成了这本书或这篇文章的“内容简介”。也有同学写读后感，只写“感”而不写“读”，成为无根底的随意而发的感慨。

第二、“读”和“感”在读后感之中两分天下，这也是不对的。前边的“读”实际上是写文章内容简介，后边发一通感慨。

第三、不会结合实际，。感想很空泛。

针对学生出现的问题，我做了如下的指导：

1、精心细读课文。

首先要指导学生用心地“读”，理解地“读”，有情感地“读”。没有这样的“读”，不可能有“感”。

2、要选好“感点”。

一本好书或一篇好文章的读后感，可“感”的点很多，要写好读后感，必须选好“感点”。感点是由书中某一个地方的内容引起的，引发我们体会的地方，它不是凭空产生的。一篇文章，给学生的感受是多方面的，或者说学生从中得到的体会不止一个。面对众多的感点，我们必须指导学生从众多的感点中选择自己感受最深、角度最新、现实针对性最强、最善于写的一个或几个感点，作为自己写读后感的切入点，不可面面俱到。

3、联系实际谈感受。

读了一篇文章，产生了对现实生活或自己思想上某些问题的思考，于是激发了“感”。首先，是联系个人实际。这个“实际”，可以是自己的思想和生活实际，也可以是别人的思想和生活实际。没有情感的读后感苍白无力，有情感的读后感才能感染人。用作品上的人物、事迹观点，联系实际生活中的人物言行，这样的读后感才是有价值的读后感，这样的读后感才是真实感想。

教学预设与课堂生成的差异

教学中出现了几处与预设不同的情况：首先是学生对所选文章读的不够透彻，对文章整体把握有所欠缺，导致了叙述过程中的不尽如人意。其次是在选择自己喜欢的部分进行习作过程中，没有安排好，使得在讲评过程中没有出现某篇文章的完整读后感。

总之，写读后感要处理好“读”与“感”的关系。可以先叙述文章内容，后集中谈体会，这种写法适于只谈一点体会。还可以边叙边谈体会，“读”和“感”交叉写，这种写法可以谈几点体会。不离开文章的内容，要真切联系自己的实际抒发感想，联系实际一定要实事就是，写出自己的真实感想。

Moonquakes are to Mid-Autumn Festival what mince pies are to Christmas. The seasonal round cakes traditionally have a sweet filling of lotus seed paste or red bean paste and often have one or more salted duck eggs in the center to represent the moon. And the moon is what this celebration is all about. Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th month，it is the time when the moon is said to be at its brightest and fullest.

There are two legends which claim to explain the tradition of eating moonquakes. One Tang Dynasty myth holds that the Earth once had 10 suns circling it. One day all 10 suns appeared at once，scorching the planet with their heat.

It was thanks to a skillful archer named Hour Yi that the Earth was saved. He shot down all but one of the suns. As his reward，the Heavenly Queen Mother gave Hour Yi the Elixir of Immortality，but she warned him that he must use it wisely.

Hour Yi ignored her advice and，corrupted by fame and fortune，became a tyrannical leader. Chang-Err，his beautiful wife， could no longer stand by and watch him abuse his power so she stole his Elixir and fled to the moon to escape his angry wrath. And thus began the legend of the beautiful woman in the moon，the Moon Fairy.

The second legend has it that during the Yuan Dynasty，an underground group led by Zhu Yuan Zing was determined to rid the country of Mongolian dominance. The moon cake was created to carry a secret message.

When the cake was opened and the message read，an uprising was unleashed which successfully routed the Mongolians. It happened at the time of the full moon，which，some say，explains why moonquakes are eaten at this time.

Moonquakes are usually stamped with Chinese characters indicating the name of the ry and the type of filling used. Some ries will even stamp them with your family name so that you can give personalized ones to friends and family.

They are usually presented in boxes of four which indicate the four phases of the moon. Traditional moonquakes are made with melted lard，but today vegetable oil is more often used in the interests of health.

Moonquakes are not for the diet-conscious as they are loaded with calories. The best way to wash down one of these sticky cakes is with a cup of Chinese tea，especially Jasmine or Chrysanthemum tea，which aids the digestion.

My Grandpa and me

In this old photo, It’s my grandfather and me. My mum took it for us ten years ago. The tall and strong man in the photo was my grandpa. He had black hair, blue eyes, big nose and a big mouth. He was a teacher when he was young. At that time, he was very kind，honest and hardworking. His pupil always said he was a good teacher. Now he is retired. Beside my grandpa was me. I was a cute, healthy baby. But at that time, I had no hair, so I often wore a hat. I was a very naughty baby too. I was always in trouble. But my grandpa said who was not naughty when he was young. Maybe naughty is the children’s nature. So, I like my grandpa very much. I think he knows the children very well.

We were happy in the old house. But now, my family move into Shawan, so we are far away from my grandpa. One year ago, we got a letter from my grandfather. He said he would come to Shawan to see us. I am very excited. I hope that day can come soon. At that time, we will be very happy together.

[爷爷和我小学英语作文

Christmas Day is on December 25th. It was originated in the western

country, but today, this festival has been celebrated by the world. For the

manufacturers, they are very happy to make this day as a shopping day. I enjoy

the great atmosphere.

I had a very special Christmas day last year. I experienced the western

style festival. There was a new foreign teacher taught us the lesson. She was

about 50 years old and she was very kind and we all liked her. On Christmas Day,

she brought us the desserts she made early in the morning. We enjoyed the

home-made cakes. Whats more, she invited us to came to her house and spent the

day with her. Then for the first time, I ate big turkey, which was so delicious.

The turkey was filled with many stuffs and the flavor was so good. After dinner,

we sang songs and danced.

Thanks to my foreign teacher, I experienced the American style festival. It

was such funny for me. Though today many people enjoy shopping in all kinds of

festivals, the meaning of these festival should be remembered.

I have a lot of troubles, such as going to school, homework, and parents’

ramble. They like the stars in the sky. I am afraid of the darkness. This is my

biggest trouble. At night, I am fear of going out alone. And when my parents

sleep, I even can’t go to the toilet. Therefore, I never drink water before

sleep. And I always turn on the light when I am sleeping. I know it’s not good

but I can’t sleep in the darkness.

人教版小学六年级语文上册第五组的主题是初识鲁迅。这组的口语交际是让学生讲述留在心里的印象。体现三个层次：谁给你的印象深，当时的情景和留给印象，后来发生的事以及对他印象的变化。习作要求用一两件事介绍自己的小伙伴，要求通过描写人物的动作、神态、心理活动来写人。不仅要把人物写活，而且能够把事情写清楚，写具体，写得打动人心。

我根据这一要求，设置“抓逃手指”游戏，让学生在游戏中，既要写出自己的体验（动作、心理活动），又要观察同伴的动作、表情等。

今天作文课上，一上课就告诉大家一起做个游戏，获得冠军的同学还有一份奖励。板书课题后，让学生学习了游戏规则，为了让学生领会的更深，我让四名学生做了示范。

游戏正式开始，向学生强调这个游戏考察的是注意力。听老师读故事，听到有关“3”的字音时，快速用手去抓身边同学的右手食指，同时将自己的右手食指从另一个同学的左手掌心逃脱出来。

在玩游戏之前，我提醒他们去观察同学们的表情、动作、语言并记住自己的想法。一切就绪，我开始讲故事。故事不长，为了达到突然的效果，我故意说“是大山，不是大三”结果有许多同学都愣在那里，不知所措。有时在说数时，说到1，2，我故意说数1不说3，很多自作聪明的学生觉得肯定是“3”，立刻伸手去抓别人，结果答案是“1”但是我立马用很快的速度读出“3”马上刚刚还在幸灾乐祸的学生由于注意力不集中淘汰了。有的学生主动去抓别人的手指，但是自己的手指不幸被别人抓住，在课堂上出现了“螳螂捕蝉黄雀在后”的精彩一幕。这些都成了学生写作时一个很好的素材。这个游戏，我在自己班里做时，学生很兴奋，有时，我都有点控制不住课堂，学生都在兴奋地谈论自己刚才地感受，也不去听老师讲故事。这一次学生表现的很好，没有出现我担心的场面。

游戏结束后，我和同学们一起回忆，谈感受。这一环节共5分钟，浪费了2分钟，没有调动起学生的积极说的兴趣。

“游戏马上开始了，你是什么心情？心里在想些什么？”

“你是哪一回合被淘汰的，为什么淘汰？现在什么心情？”

“刚刚谁的表现让你最难忘？”

“作为最后的胜利者，你现在什么感受？

最后让学生趁热打铁，根据这次游戏动手写习作。同学们不仅写作热情很高，还写出了看到的、听到的、想到的，并结合自己的实际情况进行对比。

这次习作，字数都很多。最少的396字1人，442字1人，500-600字的11人；600-700字的18人；700-800字的7人，800字以上的2人。学生书写认真，习作有条理，无论是游戏开始前的，还是游戏被淘汰后的，还是游戏获胜后，都有自己的心理活动描写。写游戏感受的有32人（共40人）有的学生写到：这次游戏，让我悟到获胜的关键所在就是身体的协调性和大脑的反应能力。还有的学生说：“这全游戏的关键是练习你的反应力、敏捷力、听力这三点。没有这三点。你很难取得冠军。”这足之处是，只有很少部分学生能把动作写具体，还用上了比喻句。

有很多学生的动作描写不具体，怎么抓，怎么逃，没有写出来。我感受到：小学生写不具体，不仅是一次活动体验不足，更重要的是缺少有意观察，刻意观察。有的同学只注重了表面现象，没有仔细地观察活动中的一行一动，这就缺少了真情实感。游戏虽然能激发他们想要表达的欲望，让他们为兴趣而写，但观察不细致，就不可能写出充满童真色彩的习作。

My family has a small white rabbit, it is covered with white hair, big head long with two long ears, white rabbit eyes are red, like ruby, white rabbit tail hairy, Posted behind the buttocks, really interesting.

Once I fed it to eat when it did not dare to eat, and later I am familiar with, after I give it to feed things to eat, it is big mouth to eat up, I feel really cute.

Rabbit is also particularly considerate. Once I was criticized by my mother, the white rabbit came around me, as if to say: "little master, I play with you!"

Little white rabbit is my good friend, I want to take care of it.