高中英语写作万能模板(优秀20篇)

对于考研英语的应用文写作来说，考生平时复习时不仅要注意应用文写作特点、格式要求，还要有意识的掌握各类应用文的写作方法。考研辅导专家建议广大考生不要简单认为应用文的复习就是复习相应的格式，格式只是应用文写作的最起码要求，除了应用文特定的格式外，还要背诵一些经典的套话，在平时的写作训练中培养迅速构思成篇的能力，注意词句的多样性和准确性训练。下面，我们就针对应用文写作中的私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告几种形式介绍一下写作技巧。

一、私人和公务信函

信函是很重要的一种应用文。私人和公务信函是用以交涉事宜、传达信息、交流思想、联络感情、增进了解的重要工具，与同学们的生活、学习比较密切，也是以后工作中用的最多的一种沟通方式。所谓私人信函就是给家人、朋友或者同学等写信，谈事情的同时又交流感情，是四级考试(专业课历年考研试卷)中常见的一种信函，研究生英语考试(专业课历年考研试卷)中常考的是公共信函。所谓公务信函就是给亲朋好友之外的人写信，主要是为了办事，比方说给老板或是客户写信都属于公共信函。

信函一般都是由写信时间、信内地址、称呼、信的主要内容和信尾几个主要部分组成。收信人地址要写在左上角，寄信人地址要写在右上角，寄信人地址也可以不写，姓名写在地址上面，地址排列顺序依次为门牌号、街区名、城市和国名。在信的开头人名前一定要加Mr.,Mrs.,Dear等比较尊敬的称呼，信的结尾注意使用常用的客套话如：sincerelyyours,faithfullyyours或者yourssincerely,yoursfaithfully。英文书信写作要遵循五个原则，即正确、清晰、简洁、礼貌和体贴。

正确是指信中所谈的事情要准确、具体，不用含糊抽象的词如：本月、明天等。清晰要求的是主题要明确，层次要清楚，让读者看后了然于心。简洁是现代英语发展的一大趋势。书信写作要做到行文简洁流畅，避免迂回冗长的长句，使书信尽可能写得明白清晰。书信交往，同样需要以礼待人，因而在写信过程中，要避免伤害对方感情，措辞上多多使用would,could,may,please等词，要自然得体，彬彬有礼。体谅对方也是写书信时要注意的一个原则，不能以自己为中心，要尊重对方的习俗爱好，即便是拒绝，也要委婉而不失去友谊。书信的写作也要注意格式，避免语法、拼写、标点错误，信中所引用的史料、数据等也应准确无误。

二、备忘录

备忘录是一种录以备忘的公文，主要用来提醒、督促对方，或就某个问题提出自己的意见或看法。包括书端、收文人的姓名、头衔、地址，称呼，事因，正文，结束语，和署名，备忘录上一定要说明什么时间，谁写的？写给谁？什么事？并且正文、结束语和署名等项与一般信件的格式相同。

三、摘要

接着谈谈摘要。摘要分成两种，一种是文章摘要，一种是论文摘要。

文章摘要就是给一篇文章让写一个摘要，文章摘要是对文章主要内容的简练概括，内容上要涵盖全文，语言上要尽量简练。写摘要前一定要仔细阅读全文，弄懂文章大意；摘要涵盖原文的主要观点并与原文的观点保持一致；摘要应该简明扼要，字数在规定的字数范围内；摘要最好不要照搬原文，应该用自己的话概括原文的主要观点；并且注意千万不要照抄，也千万不要评论，只需要写出中心思想或者段落大意即可。

第二种摘要是论文摘要。比方说是大家写一篇学术论文，硕士博士论文需要写一个英文的摘要。相对来讲我们认为考论文摘要的可能性稍微大一点。写这种摘要时要注意时态和语态。叙述研究过程，多采用一般过去时；说明某课题现已取得的成果，宜采用现在完成时。摘要中多数情况下可采用被动语态。但在某些情况下，特别是表达作者或有关专家的观点时，又常用主动语态。英文摘要有一些常用句型，比如表示研究目的，可以用Inorderto……Thispaperdescribes……Thepurposeofthisstudyis……，表示表示结论、观点或建议可以用Theauthors[suggest/conclude/consider]that……。

四、报告

最后一种是报告。报告其实也分为两种，第一种是读书报告。比如读一本书或者看一本小说写一个读书报告。读书报告中首先要交代背景知识，比如作者生平，时代简介等，接下来对书的内容做一个简单的概括，与摘要不同的是读书报告最后一段可以发表评论。与摘要相同，读书报告也要注意时态，比如像科普类的知识应该用现在式。另一种报告就是书面报告，书面报告考试(专业课历年考研试卷)的可行性和可能性更大一些。书面报告与备忘录的写法很类似，所不同的就是书面报告一般是下级写给上级，它也需要交代清楚四件事：什么时间？谁写的？写给谁？什么事？

当然，应用文写作能力的提高必须经过长期的实践锻炼。在复习阶段，首先要熟悉不同类型的应用文写作格式，注意事项，写作特点等。其次要背诵大量的优秀范文，要整段整段的背，不仅是背会而且要脱口而出，并且转换成自己的语言，写作时可以随心所欲支配。再次，是要多动手写作，要写出属于自己的文章，多动手写作才能快速写出好文章来。写好的文章要注意检查，看有无语法错误，有无用词不当，能否用其他的句式表达相同的意思，可以让同学帮忙检查，让同学提一些宝贵的意见和建议。总的来说，虽然大家对应用文的写作还比较陌生，但是只要认真对待，只要花时间背范文了，花时间写文章了，就一定能取得理想成绩。

掌握一些常用的句型对高考英语写作尤为重要。下面是语文迷网整理的句型，大家一起来看看吧。

一、开头句型

1.As far as ...is concerned

2.It goes without saying that...

3.It can be said with certainty that...

4.As the proverb says，

5.It has to be noticed that...

6.It`s generally recognized that...

7.It`s likely that ...

8.It`s hardly that...

9.It’s hardly too much to say that...

10.What calls for special attention is that...需要特别注意的是

11.There’s no denying the fact that...毫无疑问，无可否认

12.Nothing is more important than the fact that...

13.what’s far more important is that...

二、衔接句型

A case in point is ...

As is often the case...

As stated in the previous paragraph 如前段所述

But the problem is not so simple. Therefore 然而问题并非如此简单，所以……

But it’s a pity that...

For all that...In spite of the fact that...

Further, we hold opinion that...

However , the difficulty lies in...

Similarly, we should pay attention to...

not(that)...but(that)...不是，而是

In view of the present station.鉴于目前形势

As has been mentioned above...

In this respect, we may as well (say) 从这个角度上我们可以说

However, we have to look at the other side of the coin, that is... 然而我们还得看到事物的另一方面，即 …

三、结尾句型

I will conclude by saying...

Therefore, we have the reason to believe that...

All things considered,总而言之

It may be safely said that...

Therefore, in my opinion, it’s more advisable...

From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that….

The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that….

It can be concluded from the discussion that...从中我们可以得出这样的结论

From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来……也许更好

四、举例句型

Let’s take...to illustrate this.试举例以兹证明

let’s take the above chart as an example to illustrate this.

Here is one more example.

Take … for example.

The same is true of….

This offers a typical instance of….

We may quote a common example of….

Just think of….

五、常用于引言段的句型

1. Some people think that …. To be frank, I can not agree with their opinion for the reasons below.

2. For years, … has been seen as …, but things are quite different now.

3. I believe the title statement is valid because….

4. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that …. I believe….

5. My argument for this view goes as follows.

6. Along with the development of…, more and more….

7. There is a long-running debate as to whether….

8. It is commonly/generally/widely/ believed /held/accepted/recognized that….

9. As far as I am concerned, I completely agree with the former/ the latter.

10. Before giving my opinion, I think it is essential to look at the argument of both sides.

六、表示比较和对比的常用句型和表达法

1. A is completely / totally / entirely different from B.

2. A and B are different in some/every way / respect / aspect.

3. A and B differ in….

4. A differs from B in….

5. The difference between A and B is/lies in/exists in….

6. Compared with/In contrast to/Unlike A, B….

7. A…, on the other hand,/in contrast,/while/whereas B….

8. While it is generally believed that A …, I believe B….

9. Despite their similarities, A and B are also different.

10. Both A and B …. However, A…; on the other hand, B….

11. The most striking difference is that A…, while B….

七、演绎法常用的句型

1. There are several reasons for…, but in general, they come down to three major ones.

2. There are many factors that may account for…, but the following are the most typical ones.

3. Many ways can contribute to solving this problem, but the following ones may be most effective.

4. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.

5. The reasons are as follows.

八、因果推理法常用句型

1. Because/Since we read the book, we have learned a lot.

2. If we read the book, we would learn a lot.

3. We read the book; as a result / therefore / thus / hence / consequently / for this reason / because of this, we’ve learned a lot.

4. As a result of /Because of/Due to/Owing to reading the book, we’ve learned a lot.

5. The cause of/reason for/overweight is eating too much.

6. Overweight is caused by/due to/because of eating too much.

7. The effect/consequence/result of eating too much is overweight.

8. Eating too much causes/results in/leads to overweight.

万圣节又叫诸圣节，在每年的10月31日，是西方的传统节日。以下是关于万圣节的英语素材，供大家参考。

11月1日万圣节英文：Hallowmas，南瓜是万圣节的代表。

10月31日是万圣夜英文：Halloween，华语地区常将万圣夜称为万圣节。

Halloween is a holiday celebrated on October 31. By tradition, Halloween begins after sunset. Long ago, people believed that witches gathered together and ghosts roamed the world on Halloween. Today, most people no longer believe in ghosts and witches. But these supernatural beings are still a part of Halloween.

万圣节前夜是在10月31日庆祝的一个节日，根据传统，万圣节前夜的庆祝活动从太阳落山开始。在很久以前，人们相信在万圣节前夜女巫会聚集在一起，鬼魂在四处游荡。现在，大多数人们不再相信有鬼魂和女巫的存在了，但是他们仍然把这些作为万圣节前夜的一部分。

The colors black and orange are also a part of Halloween. Black is a symbol for night and orange is the color of pumpkins. A jack-o’-lantern is a hollowed-out pumpkin with a face carved on one side. Candles are usually placed inside, giving the face a spooky glow.

黑色和橙色仍然是万圣节前夜的一部分，黑色是夜晚的象征，而橙色代表着南瓜。南瓜灯是用雕刻成脸型，中间挖空，再插上蜡烛的南瓜做成的，带来一个毛骨悚然的灼热面孔。

Dressing up in costumes is one of the most popular Halloween customs, especially among children. According to tradition, people would dress up in costumes (wear special clothing, masks or disguises) to frighten the spirits away.

盛装是最受欢迎的万圣节风俗之一，尤其是受孩子们的欢迎。按照传统习俗，人们会盛装(穿戴一些特殊的服饰，面具或者装饰)来吓跑鬼魂。

Popular Halloween costumes include vampires (creatures that drink blood), ghosts (spirits of the dead) and werewolves (people that turn into wolves when the moon is full).

流行的万圣节服装包括vampires(吸血鬼)，ghosts(死者的灵魂)和werewolves(每当月圆时就变成狼形的人)。

Trick or Treating is a modern Halloween custom where children go from house to house dressed in costume, asking for treats like candy or toys. If they dont get any treats, they might play a trick (mischief or prank) on the owners of the house.

欺骗或攻击是现代万圣节的风俗。孩子们穿着特殊的衣服走街串巷，讨取糖果和玩具之类的赏赐。如果他们得不到任何的赏赐，就可能会对屋主大搞恶作剧或者胡闹了。

The tradition of the Jack o Lantern comes from a folktale about a man named Jack who tricked the devil and had to wander the Earth with a lantern. The Jack o Lantern is made by placing a candle inside a hollowed-out pumpkin, which is carved to look like a face.

南瓜灯的传统来自于一个民间传说。一个名叫Jack的人戏弄了恶魔，之后就不得不提着一盏灯在地球上流浪。南瓜灯是用雕刻成脸型，中间挖空，再插上蜡烛的南瓜做成的。

There are many other superstitions associated with Halloween. A superstition is an irrational idea, like believing that the number 13 is unlucky!

和万圣节有关的迷信还有很多。迷信是一种不合常理的想法，比如认为13是不吉利的数字!

Halloween is also associated with supernatural creatures like ghosts and vampires. These creatures are not part of the natural world. They dont really exist... or do they?

万圣节还和一些诸如鬼魂和吸血鬼之类的超自然的生物有关。这些生物不是自然界的一部分。他们实际上是不存在的......或许他们其实真的存在?

Witches are popular Halloween characters that are thought to have magical powers. They usually wear pointed hats and fly around on broomsticks.

女巫是万圣节很受欢迎的人物，人们认为她们具有强大的魔力。他们通常戴着尖顶的帽子，骑在扫把上飞来飞去。

Bad omens are also part of Halloween celebrations. A bad omen is something that is believed to bring bad luck, like black cats, spiders or bats.

恶兆也是万圣节庆祝活动的一部分。人们相信恶兆会带给坏运气，黑猫、蜘蛛或者蝙蝠都算是恶兆。

Favorite Spring Festival is the most important festival in China .Its to celebrate the lunar calendar s new year .

In the evening before the Spring Festival ,families get together and have a big meal .In many places people like to set off firecrackers .Dumplings are the most traditional food .

Children like the festival very much ,because they can have delicious food and wear new clothes .They can also get some money from their parents. This money is given to children for good luck .

People put New Year scrolls on the wall for good fortune .

The Spring Festival lasts about 15 days long .People visit relatives and friends with the words "Have all your wishes ". People enjoy the Spring Festival ,during this time they can have a good rest .

一、单项选择题

(1)先易后难：一些考题的答案比较容易选定，可以先从这些考题入手。平时练习时，应以基础为主，主要精力不应放在偏题、怪题上。

(2)分析考查意图、运用相关知识：应学会分析出题者考查的意图，明确相关题的测试点是什么，然后运用所学知识，进行分析、判断，再进行选择。

(3)利用暗示进行选择：注意考题涉及的语境范围。平时应注重对习惯用语表达、惯用法和中英文化差别等方面知识的积累。

(4)运用排除法：可采取语言排除、逻辑排除、语法排除或选择排除等方法。先排除较容易、较明显的错误选项，缩小范围，而后对剩余的选项进行比较分析，最后确定答案。

二、完形填空题

1、搭配判断法。

根据对以往试题的分析，搭配型考题在完形填空题中占的比例最高。搭配型问题主要测试常见搭配的熟练程度，比如说哪些词要搭配不定式、动名词或某种从句，哪些词必须与某个介词搭配。我们在复习时要特别注意短语动词和介词的固定搭配。

2、结构判断法。

结构型问题主要包括句型、句式、连接词的选择等，解题时要运用句法知识，把握关键词，从而做出迅速正确的判断。完形填空题中有很多是利用语法的正确性与逻辑的排斥性间的矛盾来设计的。因此考生应结合上下文的合理性及意义关系的逻辑性选择最佳答案。完形填空中常考的逻辑关系主要有：

(1)转折、让步关系：这种关系表明后一种观点或事实与前一种观点或事实相比有些出乎意料。

常见的表示转折、让步的词或词组有：but，still，yet，however，though，although，no matter，in spite of，anyway，even if等。

(2)因果关系：

表示原因的连词或词组有：because (of )，due to，owing to，thanks to，since，for，as等。

表示结果的词或词组有：so，therefore，then，as a result，in consequence，consequently，thus等。

(3)递进、补充关系：这种关系表示对前一事实或观点做进一步阐述。

常用的词、词组有：moreover，likewise，besides，in addition，also，too，not only…but also，apart from，what‘s more 等。

(4)对比、比较关系：对比观点或事物间的差异性，比较观点或事物间的同一性。

表示对比的词或词组有：in contrast，by contrast，on the contrary，conversely，unlike，oppositely 等。表示比较的词或词组有：like，in comparison，compare…with，as，just as等。

3、词义判断法。

词汇型问题也是完形填空的一个考点，主要测试考生在段落语篇中把握语义连贯性的能力，提供选择的词可能是近义词、近形词也可能是随意拼凑的四个选项，遇到这类题，既要联系上下文，又要具有扎实的词汇基础，有时还须根据自己的文化背景知识做出判断、选择答案。

三、阅读理解

在做阅读理解题时，除了掌握前面介绍的基本题型、基本法则外，还要进行有意识的阅读训练。提高阅读能力的训练主要可以从下面几个方面入手：词汇、方法、侧重点。

1、词汇：猜词的技巧。

在阅读过程中，不可避免地会碰到不认识的单词，考试中又不允许查词典，有些不认识的单词对文章的理解影响不大，可以忽略。但有些不认识的单词则会影响阅读者对文章理解的正确性。在这种情况下，必需猜测词的含义，这就需要利用猜词的技巧了。

最基本的猜词技巧有两种：一是根据构词法的规则猜，构词法的规则在前面的章节中已有介绍，这里就不重复了;另一种猜词的技巧是根据上下文的描述、解释、列举、比较等，运用已有的知识，分析、推断该词的含义。常用的猜词技巧可归纳为以下几种：

(1)利用词根、词缀构词法推测词义。通过构词法推测词义是最常用的方法之一。

(2)分析文中对该词的直接定义推测词义。

作者在行文中有时不得不使用某些难词、偏词，为使读者理解，作者常常会在文章中直接解释该词语。作者或通过同位语，或使用定语从句加以阐明，或用冒号、破折号、括号给出，或用语篇标志词引出，这类语篇标志词有：that is (to say); e.g.;oor，in other words;to put it in another way等。如：

She is bilingual.In other words，she speaks English and French equally well.(bilingual：会说两种语言的)。

(3)分析文中对该词的近义复述推测词义。

同一短文中前后两个句子、短语或单词通常有互释作用，可以从上下文的复述中获取与某一单词或短语相关的信息以猜测词义。如：

It is difficult t

o list all of my fathe‘s attributes because he has so many different talents and abilities.(attribute：特质;才能)

(4)分析文中对该词的对比和并列表述推测词义。

利用上下文中的对比或并列表述猜测词义是最常用、最可靠的方法。有不少句子会在上下文中给出某个生词(尤其是偏词、难词)的同义词或反义词，运用对比或并列表达对这些生词加以推测。通过了解词与词之间的连接关系，特别是一些语篇标志词，如：however;on the other hand;nevertheless等，我们不难推断这些生词的词义。如：

If you agree，write “yes”;if you dissent，write “no”。(dissent：不同意）

导语：英语写作是一种创作性的学习过程。下面是小编收集的小升初英语作文写作技巧，欢迎大家阅读!

英语写作是一种创作性的学习过程。启动知识信息储存，构思立意，谋篇布局，遣词造句，对语言表达的正确性和准确性、思维的逻辑性和文章的条理性都比口语要求更高。通常英语写作有以下几个特点：紧扣教学大纲对考生书面表达的要求;以有指导的写作为主(guidedwriting)，便于考生在短时间内构思成文;突出试题的交际性，考查考生在特定的情景中运用语言的能力;增强试题的实用性，所选话题贴近学生学习生活，为学生所熟悉;看图作文主要考查考生运用所学知识解决实际问题的能力。

英语写作注意两点

一、先审题，弄清写作要求审题是写好作文的前提，也是书面表达的基础。如果写偏了题，语言表达再好也很难得高分。审题时要注意两个方面：

1.认真地看两遍题目，包括提示，全面了解写作要求。

2.理清思路，确定体裁、框架结构和内容。

二、用英语进行思维英语写作时必须排除汉语思维的干扰。

从现在起应逐渐加大阅读量和听的输入量，将阅读、听力训练与书面表达有机地结合起来。经常体会和领悟作者传递信息和表达思想的方式。在话题讨论和写作中经常运用所学到的表达方式就会有所创造。还要尽量做到“五多”：多看、多听、多思考、多用心体验和感悟身边的人和事、多用英语说和写自己的体验和感受。

最后一个月如何训练英语写作

1.重视增加阅读量是提高英语写作的途径之一。

目前，考生在进行大量阅读的同时，应注重所读材料的文章结构以及连接词的运用(ontheotherhand，however，furthermore)、作者的表达方式(词汇、习惯用语和典型句子的使用)、作者是如何进行叙述和议论的。

2.在教师的指导下，平时应勤写多练。

练习写作应从基本功抓起。在中译英翻译训练过程中，加强积累适量的词汇、词组和增加各种类型句子的运用。把握好各种句型和词汇的搭配，并从各类题材和体裁着手，多阅读好的范文。然后模仿写作，作文写好之后，一般都要修改。第一遍收笔后，先看一看结构，然后从字词上推敲，使文章“充实”起来。更重要的是经老师修改过的作文一定要仔细地看一至两遍，然后再认真地抄写一遍，收获将会很大。

英文写作“四步走”

由于时间限制，考试时必须在所限定的时间内完成英语作文。英语作文步骤如下：

1)作文动笔之前一般都要先打腹稿。在确立中心上、运用材料上、篇章结构上，充分酝酿。

2)考虑好想写多少句子，该用哪些动词和词组等。

3)边写边思考内容的连贯性，语言和句子的准确性。

4)写完后一定要再细看一遍。

主要体裁作文写作技巧

(一)写提示议论文应考虑的几点：

1.文章开头，能依据提示确立主题句(topic)阐明观点或看法。

2.会使用连接词分层次说明理由、缘由(supportingsentences)。

3.归纳总结，首尾呼应。

(二)看图作文应考虑的几点：

1.看懂图片，把图片展示的人物、地点、时间、事件等有机地串联起来，使之成为内容连贯的句子。

2.确定短文须用的时态和该用的人称。

3.确定体裁(说明文还是记叙文)，接着用简洁的语句描述图片或图表大意。

4.根据图片或图表大意议论。

读后感是议论文中最常见的文体之一，也是初高中学生必须掌握的一种文体。小编收集了高中写作技巧：如何写好读后感，欢迎阅读。

一、引——围绕感点，引述材料。

读后感重在“感”，而这个“感”是由特定的“读”生发的，“引”是“感”的落脚点，所谓“引”就是围绕感点，有的放矢的引用原文：材料精短的，可全文引述;材料长的，或摘录“引”发“感”的关键词、句，或概述引发“感”的要点。不管采用哪种方式引述，“引”都要简练、准确，有针对性。

二、议——分析材料，提练感点。

在引出“读”的内容后，要对“读”进行一番评析。既可就事论事对所“引”的内容作一番分析;也可以由现象到本质，由个别到一般的作一番挖掘;对寓意深的材料更要作一番分析，然后水到渠成地“亮”出自己的感点。

三、联——联系实际，纵横拓展。

写读后感最忌的是就事论事和泛泛而谈。就事论事撒不开，感不能深入，文章就过于肤浅。泛泛而谈，往往使读后感缺乏针对性，不能给人以震撼。联，就是要紧密联系实际，既可以由此及彼地联系现实生活中相类似的现象，也可以由古及今联系现实生活中的相反的种种问题。既可以从大处着眼，也可以从小处入手。当然在联系实际分析论证时，还要注意时时回扣或呼应“引”部，使“联”与“引”“藕”断而“丝”连。

四、结——总结全文，升华感点。

总结既可以回应前文，强调感点;也可以提出希望，发出号召。不管采用哪种方式结尾，都必须与前文贯通，浑然一体。读后感始终要受“读”的约束，开头要引“读”，中间还要不时地回扣“读”的内容，结尾也要恰当回扣“读”的内容不放松。

当然要写好读后感，关键还要读透材料，抓准感点。怎样读透材料?一般说，如果是记叙文，就要抓住人物最突出的某种品质，最有价值的语言行动或事件所包含的深刻意义;如果是议论文，就要把握中心论点;如果是寓言或哲理性的散文，就要领会其深刻的寓意。当然，读一篇文章，感可能是多方面的，要在分析、思考的基础上，选择最值得发表，感受最深，见解新颖独到，最有针对性和现实感的感受来写，一篇读后感只能容纳一个感点，其他感点无论多么好，都要忍痛割爱。明智之举是抓住一点，不及其余，并围绕一个感点，联系实际，谈深谈透。

读后感，就是读了一本书或一篇文章，或读了一段话，或读了几句名言后，把具体感受和得到的启示写成的文章。所谓“感”，可以是从书中领悟出来的道理或精湛的思想，可以是受书中的内容启发而引起的思考与联想，可以是因读书而激发的决心和理想，也可以是因读书而引起的对社会上某些丑恶现象的抨击。

读后感的表达方式灵活多样，基本属于议论范畴，但写法不同于一般议论文，因为它必须是在读后的基础上发感想。要写好有体验、有见解、有感情、有新意的读后感，必须注意以下几点：

首先，要读好原文。“读后感”的“感”是因“读”而引起的。“读”是“感”的基础。走马观花地读，可能连原作讲的什么都没有掌握，哪能有“感”?读得肤浅，当然也感得不深。只有读得认真，才能有所感，并感得深刻。如果要读的是议论文，要弄清它的论点(见解和主张)，或者批判了什么错误观点，想一想你受到哪些启发，还要弄清论据和结论是什么。如果是记叙文，就要弄清它的主要情节，有几个人物，他们之间是什么关系，以及故事发生在哪年哪月。作品涉及的社会背景，还要弄清楚作品通过记人叙事，揭示了人物什么样的精神品质，反映了什么样的社会现象，表达了作者什么思想感情，作品的哪些章节使人受感动，为什么这样感动等等。

其次，排好感点。只要认真读好原作，一篇文章可以写成读后感的方面很多。如对原文中心感受得深可以写成读后感，对原作其他内容感受得深也可以写成读后感，对个别句子有感受也可以写成读后感。总之，只要是原作品的内容，只要你对它有感受，都可以写成读后感。

第三，选准感点。一篇文章，可以排出许多感点，但在一篇读后感里只能论述一个中心，切不可面面俱到，所以紧接着便是对这些众多的感点进行筛选比较，找出自己感受最深、角度最新，现实针对性最强、自己写来又觉得顺畅的一个感点，作为读后感的中心，然后加以论证成文。

第四，叙述要简。既然读后感是由读产生感，那么在文章里就要叙述引起“感”的那些事实，有时还要叙述自己联想到的一些事例。一句话，读后感中少不了“叙”。但是它不同于记叙文中“叙”的要求。记叙文中的“叙”讲究具体、形象、生动，而读后感中的“叙”却讲究简单扼要，它不要求“感人”，只要求能引出事理。初学写读后感引述原文，一般毛病是叙述不简要，实际上变成复述了。这主要是因为作者还不能把握所要引述部分的精神、要点，所以才简明不了。简明，不是文字越少越好，简还要明。

第五，联想要注意形式。联想的形式有相同联想(联想的事物之间具有相同性)、相反联想(联想的事物之间具有相反性)、相关联想(联想的事物之间具有相关性)、相承联想(联想的事物之间具有相承性)、相似联想(联想的事物之间具有相似性)等多种。写读后感尤其要注意相同联想与相似联想这两种联想形式的运用。

读书笔记：以读促写三类型

读书笔记作为促进读写能力提高的有效途径，越来越受到重视。读书笔记在能力层次上可以划分为三种类型：

一、理解——复述型

这一类型的读书笔记是把对作品的理解用自己的语言复述下来。它有利于提高学生的概括能力、叙述能力和逻辑思维能力。那么如何复述呢?主要有提纲法。提纲法是指阅读作品后，经过综合分析，把作品的内容按照自然段或者意义段提纲挚领地分条列出，针对不同的文体和个人阅读的需要，编写各种类型的提纲。最为常见的是内容提纲，还有把握文章结构脉络的结构提纲和把握故事情节的情节提纲等。关键是条理清晰，使人看了能一下子总揽全局，理清头绪。

例如下面一篇读书笔记就是对高尔基的《童年》做的内容提纲：

“《童年》与其续篇《在人问》《我的大学》共同构成了高尔基自传体小说三部曲，《童年》是首篇。在这部小说中，描写的是作者10岁以前的童年时代的生活。记叙了主人公成长、生活的历程，描写了那令人窒息的、充满可怕景象的狭小天地。阿廖沙四岁时，父亲就死了，于是跟着外祖父、外祖母过着贫寒、艰苦的生活。外祖父有着矛盾复杂的性格，他的内心有善良的一面，但贪婪金钱腐蚀了他的灵魂。在这冷冰冰的世界里，只有外祖母庇护、关心着他，给予他无限的温情和钟爱，并对他进行了有益的教导。

整篇《童年》中所描绘的是一种浓厚的、色彩斑斓的、离奇的难以形容的生活。那段生活，仿佛是由一个善良而且极端诚实的天才美妙的天才讲出来一个悲惨的童话。但尽管作品中描写了那么多目不忍睹的惨事与丑事，整部作品仍然像阳光透过云层一样放射出了乐观主义的思想光辉。主人公阿廖沙没有被艰辛、痛苦和屈辱的生活所压倒，他满怀信心，奋斗拼搏，冲破种种障碍与不幸，不断探索新生活，这种乐观主义精神使作品在思想内容上带上了积极的色彩。”

这一提纲从背景介绍入手，然后概括了作品的大致内容，在第二段中又用概括的语言进行概貌似的总结，让人们从整体上了解这部作品的思想内容和风格，条理清晰，语言凝练，抓住了理解——复述型读书笔记的写作要点。

想要写好英语作文平常肯定少不了积累，下面是语文迷网整理的关于中考英语作文的句子素材，希望对你有帮助。

1. According to a recent survey， four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.

依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。

2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.

最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。

3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.

没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。

4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.

人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。

5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.

越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。

6. When it comes to education， the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.

说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。

7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a persons physical fitness.

许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。

8. Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful effects of international tourism.

应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量，努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。

9. An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However， this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents， who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.

越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而，越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法，他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题，像犯罪和**.

10. Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus， which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.

许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少，以至于他们要花很长时间等一辆公交车，而车上可能已满载乘客。

11. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem： the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.

无可否认，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题：城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。

12. An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.

一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。

13. A proper part-time job does not occupy students too much time. In fact， it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes： All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间，事实上，把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康，正如那句老话：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。

14. Any government， which is blind to this point， may pay a heavy price.

任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。

15.Nowadays， many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately， for most young people， it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.

当前，一提到即将开始的学校生活，许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而，对多数年轻人来说，校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。

16. In view of the seriousness of this problem， effective measures should be taken before things get worse.

考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。

17. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills， which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.

大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。

18. It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.

无可争辩，现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冻的痛苦生活。

19. Although this view is wildly held， this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.

尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。

20. No one can deny the fact that a persons education is the most important aspect of his life.

没有人能否认：教育是人生最重要的一方面。

21. People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.

人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。

22. In the last decades， advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.

在过去的几十年，先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。

23. In fact， we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.

事实上，我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。

24. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.

我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。

25. People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

人们相信拥有计算机技术可以获得更多工作或提升的机会。

26. The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.

从这几年我搜集的信息来看，这些知识并没有人们想象的那么有用。

27. Now， it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.

现在，人们普遍认为没有一所大学能够在毕业时候教给学生所有的知识。

28. This is a matter of life and death——a matter no country can afford to ignore.

这是一个关系到生死的问题，任何国家都不能忽视。

29. For my part， I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons：

我同意后者，有如下理由：

30. Before giving my opinion， I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.

在给出我的观点之前，我想看看双方的观点是重要的。

31. This view is now being questioned by more and more people.

这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑。

32. Although many people claim that， along with the rapidly economic development， the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information Ive collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.

尽管许多人认为随着经济的高速发展，用自行车的人数会减少，自行车可能会消亡， 然而，这几年我收集的一些信息让我相信自行车仍然会继续在现代社会发挥极其重要的作用。

33. Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.

环境学家指出：持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题，而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。

34. In view of such serious situation， environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.

考虑到这些严重的状况，我们比以往任何时候更需要像自行车这样的环保型交通工具。

35. Using bicycle contributes greatly to peoples physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.

使用自行车有助于人们的身体健康，并极大地缓解了交通阻塞。

36. Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle， it is not without its problem.

尽管自行车有许多明显的优点，但是它也存在它的问题。

37. Bicycle cant be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.

在速度和舒适度方面，自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。

38. From what has been discussed above， we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：自行车的优点远大于缺点，并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。

39. There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.

当前在高校和研究机构对教育存在着大量争论，其中一个问题就是教育是否是个终身学习的过程。

40. This issue has caused wide public concern.

这个问题已经引起了广泛关注。

41. It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.

必须指出学习只能靠自己。

42. A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously， they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a persons education is a most important aspect of his life.

许多人存在这样的误解，认为离开学校就意味着结束了他们的教育。显然，他们忽视了教育是人生重要部分这一基本事实。

43. As for me， Im in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation， for the following reasons：

就我而言，我同意教育不应该随着毕业而结束的观点，有以下原因：

44. It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.

人们普遍认为高校是不可能在毕业的时候教会他们的学生所有知识的。

45. Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.

即使最优秀的毕业生，要想成为一个博学的人也要不断地学习。

46. It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology， and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.

人们普遍认为我们的现代科技使我们的社会发生了巨大的变化，近几十年人类在科技方面取得了惊人的进步。

47. Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

现在越来越多的人开始相信学习新的技术和知识能直接帮助他们获得工作就会或提升的机会。

48. An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.

一项调查显示许多老人都有到大学继续学习的愿望。

49. For the majority of people， reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.

对大多数人来讲，退休以后，阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源。

50. For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style， it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes： it is never too late to learn.

对于那些想过上健康而有意义的生活的人们来说，找时间学习一些新知识是很重要的，正如那句老话：活到老，学到老。

议论文有三要素，即论点、论据和论证。论点的基本要求是：观点正确，认真概括，有实际意义，恰当地综合运用各种表达方式;论据基本要是：真实可靠，充分典型;论证的基本要求是：推理必须符合逻辑。

一、关于论点

题目：对于我国自古以来流传的许多格言和成语，我们今天常常会有不同的思考。下列题目中任选一题(或自拟题)，说说你对这条格言或成语的思考。

①近朱者赤，近墨者黑A、近墨者必黑 B、近墨者未必黑

②知足常乐：A、知足方能常乐B、常乐者不知足

(一)论点一定要在开头提出

开头三句话提出论点，不要离题太远，要尽快切入话题。

例一

中国的文化博大精深，在文化的摇篮中孕育着几千年沉淀下来的哲理、经验。其中，成语是语言文化的一个完美的桥梁，沟通着高深的文化与想了解它的人们，它精炼的将有内含的哲理简单的表述给人们，并引发后者的深思。

“知足常乐”这一成语原意是知足者可常乐。这一简单的道理似乎人人都明白，但细想起来，似乎想常乐，只知足是达不到的。相反，想常乐更应不满足于现状。

这个开头中的有用信息集中在第二段，第一段的内容即属于离题太远。

例二

近朱者未必赤，近墨者未必黑

近朱者赤，近墨者黑。这个成语大致的意思是说：把一种东西和红色的放在一起一段时间后会变红，而把它放在黑色的之中会变黑，引申为一个人如果在一个好的环境中就会变得品德高尚，相反，他如果在一个不好的环境中也会变坏。

这个开头中的“这个成语大致的意思是说：把一种东西和红色的放在一起一段时间后会变红，而把它放在黑色的之中会变黑”也可删去，因为这个成语的字面意思既不是难点又不是文章要探讨的重点。

例三

让纪念闪耀理性光芒

广东一考生

纪念是内心情感的涌动，但又不是感情的无节制挥霍;纪念需要行动来升华，但又需要理性的引导。

真正的纪念是心灵的回响，是历史的回音;它审视过去，启迪未来……

黑格尔曾经自夸德国人天生就是哲学家。然而就是这样一个天生严谨自律的民族，就在一个狂人的引诱下，陷入了战争的渊薮。60年前的那幕惨剧:生灵涂炭、妻离子散、血流成河……生者在对往者的审视中找到道德的标杆，也找到了纪念的理由。德国人用尽一切方法阻止时间淡褪那血色、稀薄那呼声:修建集中营纪念馆，全力处理战后的善后问题，还有那德国总理在犹太人纪念碑前的惊世一跪!德国人在60年里不断地反思，不停地纪念，终于完成了灵魂的自我救赎。德意志民族向世界展示了理性的力量，也赢得了世人的尊敬!

可见理性的纪念才是正确的纪念，理性让纪念闪耀出人性的光辉。

但纪念一旦脱离理性的制约，它就会变成不可控制的魔鬼。日本在60年前那幕惨剧中同样扮演了不光彩的角色，作为亚洲地区的主要刽子手，日本犯下的罪行罄竹难书。往者已矣，大和民族的纪念却是如此这般:右翼势力大肆鼓吹“中国威胁论”，还妄图为二战罪行翻案;不顾史实修订历史教科书，文过饰非，美化侵略罪行;更有首相一年一度的靖国神社“拜鬼”……日本这种偏离理性范畴的“纪念”活动，自然得到各国人民的一致谴责。有句话说得好:“跪着的德国人比站着的日本人更高大!”

中国在****战争中付出巨大的代价才取得胜利，中国人民自然无法容忍这种倒行逆施的行为。于是各地都掀起了声势壮大的抗议和纪念活动。但近来这些纪念活动在少数激进分子的鼓动下出现了打砸抢日货商店的不理智举动。群众爱国的赤子之心可以理解，但纪念并不是感情的挥霍，非理性举动无益于解决问题。我国领导人多次表达出严正立场，但同时并不关闭中日会晤的大门，“前事不忘，后事之师;以史为鉴，面向未来”无疑就是对过去痛苦最理性，也是最深刻的祭奠。

人不能忘本，“忘记过去意味着背叛”。而高贵的心灵在铭记苦难，咀嚼苦难过后，方能理智地纪念苦难。当纪念的洪波涌动时，勿忘用理性的“闸门”控制情感。

【简评】本文是2005年广东一篇满分作文。作者用议论的写法开门见山提出中心论点“纪念需要行动来升华，更需要理性的引导”，立意较高，观点正确，能针对现实，颇有时代气息。论据鲜活，材料典型，有较强的说服力。文章既摆事实，又讲道理，分析中肯，论证有力，总分结构，条理清晰。是议论文只的三要素突出、完备的典范的议论文。

例四

干事业需要激情

激情是吹动船帆的风，没有风船就不能行驶;激情是火箭的推进剂，没有推进剂，火箭就难以飞向蓝天。生活告诉我们，灵感可以催生不朽的艺术，激情能够创造不凡的业绩;缺乏激情，疲沓涣散，很可能一事无成。因此，我们对待工作必须始终保持高昂的激情，有了激情，工作才能轰轰烈烈地进行。

对待工作的激情不是心血来潮、兴之所至，而是一种觉悟、追求和境界。在实际工作中，有许多胸怀大志、奋发向上，开拓进取、顽强拼搏，只争朝夕、埋头苦干的人，他们始终保持高昂的工作热情和旺盛的革命干劲，因而工作成效明显，事业日新月异。

高昂的激情来自崇高的理想。没有理想，人就会失魂落魄。一块手表可能有最精致的指针，可能镶嵌了最昂贵的宝石，然而如果缺少了发条，它仍然一无用处。同样，一个人无论怎样学富五车，也不管多么健壮高大，如果对工作毫无激情，甚至连热情都不足，生命就会黯然失色。昆虫学家法布尔正是因为有献身昆虫学的崇高理想，正是因由于对事业有着火热的激情和满腔的热忱，才创造出了骄人的成就。

高昂的激情来自强烈的责任感。责任感是对党和人民事业的忠诚和热情。一个具有高度责任感的人，会把工作看成追求和奉献，而把名利看得轻如鸿毛，满怀激情地投入工作;一个丧失责任感的人，会把工作当作一种负担，自然就会失去工作的乐趣。田家英同志曾经写过一首诗：“十年京兆一书生，爱书爱字不爱名。一饭膏粱颇不薄，惭愧万家百姓心。”这就是一种高度责任感的写照。由责任感激发出来的力量是巨大的。有了强烈的责任感，才会有奋发有为的精神状态，才能开拓创新，干好事业。

高昂的激情来自自强不息的追求。“天行健，君子以自强不息。”自强不息是激情不断迸发的动力，是推动事业发展的加速器。我们所处的时代是一个强手如林、竞争激烈的时代，是一个日新月异、你追我赶的时代，是一个大潮涌动、不进则退的时代。我们应当保持清醒的头脑，与时俱进，自强不息，克服知足常乐的思想惰性，向着更快更高更强的目标前进，不断研究新情况，解决新问题，开辟新境界。

让我们始终保持奋发向上的精神状态，把高昂的激情投入到工作中去，才能用勤劳的双手创造幸福的生活和美好的未来。

【简评】这是一篇结构规范的议论文。整篇文章是典型的“总→分→总”结构，本论部分又设置了三个分论点“高昂的激情来自崇高的理想”“高昂的激情来自强烈的责任感”“高昂的激情来自自强不息的追求”，层层论证了中心论点，呈现出并列式结构。整篇文章结构严密，层次分明，脉络清楚。

(二)几点提示

1、怎样从材料中提炼观点?

总的来讲，要认真阅读分析材料，把握材料的实质，抓住材料的中心，抓住中心句和关键句。具体来讲，可根据材料性质具体分析：

(1)若材料是写人的，可根据人物的语言、行动来分析人物的性格，根据性格来提炼观点;

(2)若材料是写事的，应弄清事件的意义，根据其意义来提炼观点;

(3)若给的材料是一些现象，要分析其现象的本质，根据其本质来提炼观点;

(4)若给的材料是结果性的，要分析其结果产生的原因，根据原因来提炼观点;

(5)若材料是寓意型的、象征型的，要通过材料抓住寓意，根据寓意来提炼观点。

此外，观点的表述一定要明确、完整，可以用单句，可以用复句，也可以用陈述句或否定句、疑问句、感叹句。

2、怎样自拟题目?

这个问题应当引起重视，在考试中有不少考生对题目自拟不重视，因此2分被扣得可惜。拟题可以从以下几个方面入手：

(1)可以拟成论题型的。

(2)可以拟成论点型的

(3)可以用上议论型的标志，如“论、小议、有感”等等。

二、议论文结构

议论文写作有没有一个便捷的套路?就一般而言，议论文写作是有一个便捷的套路，那就是古人常说“起承转合”。所谓起，就是开门见山端出论点;所谓承，就是分析论点，指出如此会怎样，不如此又会怎样;所谓转，就是转而说开去，用举例的方式证明论点，因而也是全文的主体部分;所谓合，就是全文结尾，与开头部分遥相呼应，再次肯定论点。运用这样一种便捷的套路，它的好处是显而易见的。一可以节省宝贵的时间，因为轻车熟路;二来眉清目秀，极有条理;三不会引起阅读歧义。

实践中，可以将“起承转合”具体细化为以下训练思路：

(一)一个原则，两套思路，三种模式

例五

语言，架起沟通的桥梁

人类与其它动物不同的其中一个地方，就是人类有自己独特的语言，语言为人类彼此间的沟通架起了一座桥梁。通过这座桥梁，我们才能了解彼此的需要，感受彼此的心情，分享彼此的悲喜。

语言，有时是化解误会的良药。赵国的大将廉颇因妒忌相如被赵王器重，扬言要使他难堪。而相如却处处避免发生冲突。众人不解。相如的一句“先国家之急而后私仇也”道出了他的用意。这句话亦使廉颇瞬间消除了对相如的偏见，负荆请罪，最终与相如成为刎颈之交。相如的那句掷地有声的话化成了两位大臣心灵的桥梁，使他们的心能够得到沟通，使廉颇能够了解到相如的人格。语言，是传递信息的载体，通过语言，许多误会得以消除，那么，心灵的隔阂也可以被冲移了。

语言，是传递关爱与理解的信鸽。现代许多家长抱怨说孩子总是不听自己的话，许多孩子也埋怨家长老是不理解自己，总是束缚自己。这种状况发生的原因有很多，但最主要的还是家长与孩子之间的沟通太少。有的家长什么都不让孩子做，只要求他好好读书，不要分心，这不能算是关爱。真正的关爱应该是建立在相互理解的基础上。有一些家庭会每天腾出一点时间来，让大家能够说出内心所想的和所希望的，父母仔细聆听儿女的惊讶声，儿女默默记信父母的教诲和期望。彼此的了解促进了彼此的沟通。语言就像信鸽一样，把一方的心声传送到另一方，从而理解得以建立，家长与孩子之间的理解，令家长找到表达关爱的最佳方式，亦令孩子体恤家长，懂得该如何报答父母，彼此的语言交流，令沟通与理解的大门敝开。

语言上的交流如果不得当，就会造成沟通上的误解。正如冯妇葬身火海的寓言，语言在沟通上的作用是不可忽视的，因此，学好语言的表达，对沟通是裨益巨大的，架好这座沟通的桥梁，我们才能够更好地彼此理解。

有了语言，沟通才会变得顺畅;有了语言，沟通才会如此的多姿多彩。

【简评】这是一篇很规范的高考议论文，它没有华丽的辞藻，也没有新颖的材料，更没有惊世骇俗的观点，但它得了57分的高分。凭什么?除了准确的审题、朴素的说理及丰富的材料外，我想一条重要的原因就是结构清晰，层次分明。可见，议论文结构的恰当安排也是赢取高分的一大亮点。

写作技巧提示：

⑴一个原则。谋局布篇时，一定要遵循化难为易、化繁为简的原则，集中火力，攻其一点。两条要求：完整，清晰。

⑵两套思路。叔本华说：“谁想得清楚，谁就说得清楚。”这话很有道理。考场上，谁想得清楚，谁就写得清楚;谁写得清楚，谁就能得高分。议论的思路有千千万万,但简单典型、适合于同学们训练的就是两种。

一是三段论式，基本思路是：提出问题(提出中心论点)——分析问题(论证中心论点)——解决问题。前面所引的”一号标文”就是一篇典型的三段论式的议论文：第一段提出中心论点——语言为人类彼此间的沟通架起了一座桥梁，中间两段围绕中心论点从两方面进行分析论证,最后两段解决怎样沟通的问题。

二是因果分析式,基本思路是：是什么——为什么——怎么样。

例六

谈坚持

人们都希望驻足金碧辉煌的“罗马宫城”，到达魂牵梦萦的“象牙之塔”，实现自己长久的念想，这就需要不懈的努力，因为坚持就是胜利。

坚持是对极限的挑战，是对心血和汗水的慷慨挥洒，是对理想的执着，是不到长城不止步的豪迈。王军霞在汗水里争渡，在“苦海”里泛舟，最终登上奥运会冠军的宝座，是坚持;中国工农红军爬雪山，过草地，将两万五千里踩在脚下，这惊天地泣鬼神的壮举还是坚持。

绳锯木断，水滴石穿，成功往往就诞生在再坚持一下的努力之中。爱迪生的风骨令人折服，他发明蓄电池历时十年，进行了五万次实验，才取得了成功。这就是坚持的力量。有一年的高考作文题是一道漫画题，漫画上那位老兄挖了四口井没有见到井便扬长而去。其实有的井距水层只有一锨之遥，如果再坚持一下，胜利便属于他了，然而他放弃了，于是与成功失之交臂。丢弃恒久长远的坚持，捡起浅尝辄止的遗憾，当然摘不到金灿灿的苹果了。

坚持需要七擒孟获的韧性，需要六出岐山的不坠之志，需要耐得住寂寞的孤独，更需要知其不可为而为的大智大勇。张海迪从小便患了脊柱瘤，胸椎以下的肢体永远失去了知觉，然而她却以惊人的毅力自学了英语、日语和德语，甚至翻译创作了几十万字的小说。这就是坚持，坚持使她只有三分之一的躯体放射出灿烂的光彩，坚持使它终于托起了一轮不落的人生太阳。

当然，坚持不是固守，更不是画地为牢。试想，如果蔡伦在造纸的多次失败之后，仍坚持原来的作法，而不是大胆的改进原料，那么我们引以为自豪的“四大发明”恐怕就要改写成“三大发明”了。鲁迅若不是认清形势，弃医从文，中国现代史上恐怕就要多一个平凡的医生，而少一个文豪。那种只知在陈迹斑斑的老路上挥汗如雨，不撞南墙不回头的人，是莽夫，是懦夫，其结果，势必南辕北辙，头破血流。

远方的诱惑是我们之所以忙碌，之所以奋斗，之所以拼搏之所在。当我们遇到困难，遭受挫折，当我们汗流浃背，精疲力竭的时候，我们应该在心中默念一声：再坚持一下。

【简评】此文是严格按照“是什么——为什么——怎么样”这一思路来构思行文的，开头结尾照应点题，第二段写坚持是什么，第三段写为什么要坚持，第四、五段写坚持需要什么及坚持要注意什么，即怎样做到坚持。整篇文章思路清晰，层次分明，想不得高分都难。

⑶三种模式。我根据名家所写的经典议论文和近几年高考优秀作文总结出三种基本结构模式，具有较强的可操作性，实践证明，也是用之有效的。

模式一：中心论点加分论点式。这是非常典范的议论文结构模式，许多名篇都是采用这种模式的。例如《说“勤”》《谈骨气》等等。下面是《说“勤”》的结构提纲：

中心论点：“俗话说：‘一勤天下无难事。’唐代文学家韩愈说：‘业精于勤。’学业的精深造诣来源于勤。”

分论点一：勤出成果。

分论点二：勤出智慧。

这种模式最适合高考考场快速成文，也是最简单易学的。因此，教学中指导中要把它当作重中之重来训练。要注意几个细节。首先肯定是要有论点，不仅要有中心论点，而且还要有分论点。论点一定要用一句或几句话明确地表述出来。其次，还要注意将论点放在恰当、醒目的位置。具体要求：中心论点一般放在第一段的末尾，如果句子比较长，还可以单独放一段(第二段);分论点一般放在每一段的开头。分论点的提炼和表述是重点。

①一篇议论文至少要有两个分论点，最好有三到四个;

②分论点的语言要精练，一般控制在15字内;

③分论点句子的结构要一致，使中间几段构成排比或准排比段;

④分论点的表述要尽量紧扣话题的关键字眼，以保证每一段都扣题;

⑤几个分论点应尽量围绕“是什么”“为什么”“怎么样”这三个问题。

模式二：奇妙的“三三制”式，即开头三句话提出论点，主体三段文论证中心，三个事例充当论据。请看下文(2002年全国卷)

例七

选 择

我们似乎每一天都遇到需要作出选择的事情。选择无处不在，无时不有，选择一条正确的道路，将会影响人的一生。因此，我们要学会心灵的选择。

我们要选择真理。还记得布鲁诺殉难的故事吗?布鲁诺是16世纪一位著名的唯物主义者，他阐述和捍卫哥白尼的日心说，还提出宇宙在时间和空间上都是无限的。他的坚持引起了当时教会的强烈不满，而在个人的生命和坚持真理中，布鲁诺毅然选择了真理。于1600年，布鲁诺在罗马鲜花广场上被宗教教徒放火烧死了。布鲁诺虽然光荣地牺牲了，但是清醒的人们深深知道他的选择是正确的，他使唯物主义在后世得到推崇和继承，为科学真理作出了贡献。

我们要选择国家利益。刘胡兰、邱少云在国家利益和个人利益面前，不屈不挠，视死如归，为国捐躯，为新中国的解放贡献力量。还有近代著名作家鲁迅，他为了唤醒中国那部分麻木不仁的人，决定弃医从文，他深知只有医好病人肉体上的病患是不够的，精神上的病患同等重要。鲁迅写下了《狂人日记》、《药》、《孔乙己》等作品，揭露了中国封建社会的吃人制度，唤醒千万群众，为新民主主义的胜利奠定了坚实的基础。鲁迅选择了国家利益，舍弃自己的爱好，但他的选择无疑是正确的。

我们要选择光明的前途。记得一位高考状元是这样说的：“在我的读书生涯中，我舍弃了平凡，选择了读书;舍弃了大量的游戏，选择了学习;舍弃了骄傲和自满，选择了谦虚，我的成功是在选择中获得的!”我们的确要为自己的前途作出正确的选择。在科学技术相当发达的今天是人才的竞争，这就要求我们要树立远大的理想，努力学习科学文化知识，抵制形形色色的诱惑，不断地实践自己，充实自己，改善自己，为自己的光明前途奋斗。

选择如此重要，我们应当学会心灵的选择，抛弃阻碍自己发展的事物，保持清醒的头脑，作出正确的选择，走向光辉灿烂的明天。

【简评】这篇高考优秀作文就是典型的“三三制”式，给人的感觉是清晰明朗，条分缕析，克服了常见的议论文“观点+事例=议论”的毛病，使阅卷人能够在短时间内抓住作者的行文思路和思维进程，同时又给人内容厚实，论据充分之感，肯定是高分佳作。

模式三：六段定“乾坤”

第一段：开宗明义，提出论点。或引用，或比喻，或排比，或比兴，总之，三句话即直奔主题，切忌故弄玄虚，弯起绕八，拖泥带水。

第二段：详例剖析，叙议结合。事实胜于雄辩，一个精当的事实论据，往往能够有力地证明论点。只是要写好详例剖析殊为不易，不少学生忘记了议论文的体裁特点，叙事过于详尽，变成了记叙文的写法，这是应该尽力避免的。笔者在指导时，就让学生学会“三明治”式的结构，即首尾是议论评价性文字，中间是高度概括性的叙述(一般不超过120字)。

第三段：略例排比，形成气势。如果说详例是点的勾勒，那么略例就是面的铺展。点面结合能够形成立体感，略例以三四个为佳，若能形成古今中外的格局，则更有全面的代表性了。

第四段：正反对比，凸现中心。即在上面详例剖析、略例排比的基础上，再从反面切入，正反结合，对比鲜明，从而更加突出中心。

第五段：辨证分析，立论周全。任何理论都不过是一种假设，绝对的结论容易产生偏颇，因而一段辨证的分析能使立论更为严密周全。

第六段：联系实际，升华主题。这一段是为了突出文章的现实针对性，联系实际，解决问题，从而使主题得到进一步升华。

这种模式，易于掌握，可操作性强，非常适合考场作文。因为它的优势很明显：思路清晰，逻辑严密;六步模式，环环相扣，一气呵成，无啰唆拖沓之嫌，使阅卷老师一看即明;论据充实，论证充分，有效地克服了写议论文内容空乏的毛病。

我们看看高考优秀作文《走出旧框框，冲破习惯势力》(1988年全国卷)的结构：

第一段，追根溯源，引出习惯：千年历史，沉重习惯。

第二段，初举一例，习惯可变：人们习惯了“迪斯科”。

第三段，连举三例，强调危害：爱迪生、赵王和猿人。

第四段，辨证分析，指明危害：缺乏创新，永远落后。

第五段，冲破习惯?安于现状?正反对比，敲响警钟。

第六段，联系实际，习惯沉重;呼吁冲破，焕发潜能。

此文就是六段定“乾坤”，思路清晰，层次分明，有论据，有分析，论证充分合理，克服了常见的议论文“观点+事例=议论”的毛病,值得借鉴。

议论文的结构模式有许许多多，每一种都要学习，每一种都要掌握，对于高三学生来说，肯定是不可能的。千万不要让学生什么都去训练，否则可能什么都练不好。上面三种模式，几乎适用于任何作文话题。因此，在备考阶段，我们就让学生反反复复地练这两三种，熟能生巧，一年下来，大部分学生能对这几种结构模式烂熟于胸，考场上也就能游刃有余了。

上面三种模式，几乎适用于任何作文话题。因此，我们要反反复复地练这两三种，熟能生巧，一年下来，就能对这几种结构模式烂熟于胸，考场上也就能游刃有余了。

The people I respect the most is my father. He is a doctor. He always busy

with work. Since I can remember, he never spent a whole weekend to stay with me.

He goes to the hospital very early before I get up, and comes back home after I

sleep. But I doesn’t matter at all, he is hero to me. He devotes almost all the

time to his patients, many lives are saved. He always said, a man should have

dignity, integrity, honor, and most of all, be helpful to others. This affected

me deeply, so I work hard so that someday I could be the man like my father.

Cellphones are becoming more and more popular among the middle school students at present.About that,people have different opinions.

目前，手机在中学生中变得越来越普遍。关于这个问题，人们有不同的看法。

Some think it is good for students to bring a cellphone because its more convenient to contact to each other.But othersdo not think so.They think it is bad for students to bring acellphone.Because the students will use mobile phones to play games,sent text messages,watch movies and so on,which will do harm to their study.Andthe teacher and students would be disturbed if cellphone ring during the class time.

有的人认为携带手机对学生有好处，因为这更便于他们相互联系。但是其他人不这么认为。他们认为携带手机对学生有害。因为学生会用手机玩游戏，发短信，看电影等等，这对他们的学习是有害的。而且，如果上课的时候手机响会打扰到老师和同学。

In my opinion,bringing cellphones to school is not a bad thing if we make the best use of it.As we all know,a cellphone is one of the quickest tools for us to exchange information in 21st century.Ifthere’s

an accident,itsmore convenient to dial for help immediately.Whats more,we can use cellphones for relaxing ourselves a little bit when were tired of studies.In my mind,its not wrong to follow the cellphone fashion,but the most important thing is to know how to use them in a right way.

我认为，如果我们合理利用它，带手机到学校并不见得是件坏事。我们都知道，在21世纪手机是我们交流信息最快捷的工具。如果发生事故，手机更方便我们立即拨打电话求助。另外，当我们学习觉得累的时候可以用手机来给稍微放松一下。在我看来，跟随手机时尚并没有错，但是最重要的是懂得正确使用它们。

我最好的朋友My Best Friend

I have a very good friend. His name is Philip. As far as Im concerned, hes very kind-hearted and generous. Once I was in high school, he treated me friendly and sincerely. When I was happy, he was also happy with me. When I was sad, he always comforted me. When I was defeated, he always encouraged me. When I stumbled, he always pulled me up. Although we quarreled at times, we were still in good relationships. We could know each other better after the argument. When my birthday came, he always sent me a special present.

我有一个很好的朋友。他的名字叫菲利普。我觉得他是非常善良和慷慨的。当我在高中的时候，他对我很友好、很真诚。我高兴的时候，他也和我一起开心。当我难过时，他总是安慰我。当我失败时，他总是鼓励我。当我迷茫时，他总是拉我一把。尽管有时候我们会吵架，我们关系仍然很好。争吵之后我们可以更好的了解对方。我生日的时候，他总是送我一份特别的礼物。

Hes very hard-working and intelligent. He always studied hard at school. Because of his hard work, he always did very well in exams. His oral English was better than mine. Most of the time, he was willing to chat with me in English. Owing to his help, I made a lot of progress in oral English.

他非常勤劳也很聪明。在学校他总是很努力学习。由于他的努力，他总是能在考试中取得好成绩。他的英语口语比我好。大多数时候他都愿意用英语和我聊天。由于他的帮助，我在英语口语方面取得了很大的进步。

[我最好的朋友高中学生英语作文

well-known 众所周知 important 重要的 pollution 污染

focus 面对 benefit 益处 development 发展

society 社会 knowledge 知识 necessary 必要的

opinion 观点 harm 危害 exception 例外

advantage 优点 disadvantage 缺点 serious严峻的

measures 措施 solve 解决 overcome 克服

increase 增加 decrease减少 deny 否认

prefer 喜欢 example 例子 addicted 沉迷

useful 有用的

play an important role in our life在生活中扮演重要角色

with the development of our society 随着社会的发展

bring a lot of benefits 带来很多益处

everything has two sides 任何事物都具有两面性

Become more and more serious 变得越来越严峻

on the contrary 相反 take measures 采取措施

solve this problem 解决这个问题

the best way to 最好的方法

overcome the difficulties 克服困难

be faced with 面对

No one can deny the fact that 没有人能够否认这个事实。。。

in favour of 赞同 支持 For example 例如

become addicted to the Internet 沉迷于网络 All in all 总之

come to the conclusion 得出结论

As far as I am concerned that 就我而言

There is no doubt that 毫无疑问

in a right way 正确的方法

waste a lot of time 浪费时间

导语：英语作文是最容易拿分，也是最容易丢分的题型。写作上面有什么技巧呢?下面是yjbs作文网小编为您收集整理的资料，希望能够对您有所帮助。

一：开头

句子的开头方式，不要一味地都是主语开头，接着是谓语、宾语，最后再加一个状语。可以把状语置于句首，或用分词做状语等。

〔原文〕We met at the school gate and went there together early in the morning.

〔修正〕Early in the morning we met at the school gate and went there together.

〔原文〕The young man couldn’t help crying when he heard the bad news.

〔修正〕Hearing the bad news， the young man couldn’t help crying.

二：经过

2.在整篇文章中，避免只使用一两个句式，要灵活运用诸如倒装句、强调句、主从复合句、分词状语等。

①强调句

〔原文〕I met him in the street yesterday.

〔修正〕It was in the street that I met him yesterday.

It was yesterday that I met him in the street.

②由with或without引导的短语。如:

He sat in a chair with a newspaper in the hand.

③分词短语。如:

Satisfied with the result，He decided to go on with a new experiment.

④倒装句。如:

Only in this way can we achieve our goal.

Never before have I seen such a wonderful film.

Not only should we study in the college, but also learn how to be a decent person.

⑤省略句。如:

If so，victory will be ours.

You can make some changes wherever necessary.

3.通过分句和合句，增强句子的连贯性和表现力。

〔原文〕He stopped us half an hour ago. He made us catch the next offender.

〔修正〕He stopped us half an hour ago and made us catch the next offender.

〔原文〕We had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and danced.

Some told stories. Some played chess.

〔修正〕After a short rest， we had great fun singing and dancing， telling jokes and playing chess.注意使用不同长度的句子，要结合使用，不能只用短句或只用长句。

4.学会使用过渡词。如:

①递进: then(然后)， besides(还有)， furthermore(而且)， moreover(此外)等。

②转折: however(然而)， but(但是)， on the contrary (相反)， after all(毕竟)等。

③总结: finally(最后)， at last(最后)， in brief(总之)， in conclusion(最后)等。

④强调: indeed(确实)， certainly(一定)， surely(确定)， above all(尤其)等。

⑤对比: in the same way(同样地)， just as(正如)， on the one hand…on the other hand(一方面……另一方面……)等。

相似的比较： similarly, in the same manner 相反的比较： on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …,

5.注意使用词组、习语来代替一些单词，以增加文采。如:

〔原文〕A new railway is being built in my hometown.

〔修正〕A new railway is under construction in my hometown.

6.避免重复使用某一单词或短语。如:

〔原文〕I like reading while my brother likes watching television.

〔修正〕I like reading while my brother enjoys watching television.

I like reading while watching television appeals to my brother.

三、 结尾

1、 All in all, what really matters is, in fact, that……(比如说到和谐社会 All in all, what really matters is, in fact, that we should build our society a harmonious society.)

2、 Therefore, it’s not difficult to draw a conclusion that……

3、 As a result , we should take effective measures to do sth.(我们必须采取一些有效的措施来做些什么)

4、 From what has been discussed above , we may conclude that ……

5、 Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.

As soon as everyone steps into junior middle schools, English plays an important role in our daily life. Whats more, with China entering the WTO, English has become the most popular foreign language in China. As a student, I think everyone should have a good knowledge of English. However, nowadays the majority of students have great difficulty in learning English. How does the problem come about? For me, I am into English. In my opinion, the reason is that a great many students have no interest and confidence in learning English.

So, I think it is important to develop an interest in English and to remember that patience is the key to learning English. Then try your best and take every chance to communicate with others in English. Besides, by listening to English tapes you may make great progress. I suggest buying some English magazines and newspapers, such as English Weekly, the best among them, which will help you a lot.

Do as I have said above, you will be successful sooner or later.

1. It goes without saying that 。..不用说……

It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours. 不用说， 早睡早起是值得的。

2. There is no denying the fact that 。..不可否认这个事实……=No one can deny 。..谁也不可否认……

There is no denying that successful business lies in a healthy body and mind. 不可否认， 成功的关键在于健康的身心。

3. I am greatly convinced (that)。..=I am greatly assured (that)。..我深信……

I am greatly convinced that prevention is better than cure. 我深信预防胜于治疗。

4. Among various kinds of 。..=Of all the 。..在各种……之中， ……

Among various kinds of sports， I like jogging in particular. 在各种运动中， 我尤其喜欢慢跑。

5. In my opinion 。..=As far as I am concerned ，。..在我看来， ……

In my opinion， playing computer games not only takes up much time but also is harmful to our health. 在我看来， 打电脑游戏既花费也有害健康。

6. According to my personal experience = Based on my personal experience根据我个人经验

According to my personal experience， smile has done me a lot of good. 根据我个人的经验， 微笑带给我很多好处

7. Of all the people I know， perhaps none deserves my respect more than 。..在我认识的人当中， 也许没有一个人比……更值得我尊敬。

Of all the people I know， perhaps none deserves my respect more than Miss Zhang， my English teacher. 在我认识的人当中， 也许没有一个人比我的英语老师张老师更值得我尊敬。

8. In the course of my schooling， I will never forget 。..在我的求学过程中， 我忘不了……

In the course of my schooling， I will never forget the great difficulty I encountered in learning English. 在我求学的过程中， 我忘不了学习英语的巨大困难。

9. With the increase/growth of the population， 。..随着人口的增加， ……

With the advance of science and technology， 。..随着科技的进步， ……

With the rapid development of our economy ，。..随着我国经济的快速发展， ……

10. In the age of information and communication， 。..plays an important role. 在这信息年代， ……扮演重要的角色。

写作是英语的第二大重头戏，仅次于阅读。但是这部分又经常被考生忽略，考前不动手，依赖临考模板，很难写出高分作文。下面是小编为大家整理的大学基础英语写作诀窍，欢迎阅读。

1、灵活改变句子开头

在通常情况下，英语句子的排列方式为“主语+谓语+宾语”，即主语位于句子开头。但若根据情况适当改变句子的开头方式，比如使用倒状语或以状语开头等，会使文章增强表现力。

- You can do it well only in this way.→ Only in this way can you do it well.

只有这样你才能把它做好。

- A young woman sat by the window.→ By the window sat a young woman.

窗户边坐着一个年轻妇女

2、避免重复使用词语

为了使表达更生动，更富表现力，同学们在写作时应尽量避免重复使用同一词语来表示同一意思，尤其是一些老生常谈的词语。如有的同学一看到“喜欢”二字，就会立刻想起like，事实上，英语中表示类似意思的词和短语很多，如 love, enjoy, prefer, appreciate, be fond of, care for等。

- I like reading while my brother likes watching television.→ I like reading while my   brother enjoys watching television.

我喜欢看书，而我的兄弟却喜欢看电视。

3、合理使用省略句

合理恰当地使用省略句，不仅可以使文章精练、简洁，而且会使文章更具文采和可读性。

- He may be busy. If he’s busy, I’ll call later. If he is not busy, can I see him now?→ He may be busy. If so, I’ll call later. If not, can I see him now?

他可能很忙，要是这样，我以后再来拜访。要    是不忙，我现在可以见他吗?

- If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If it is not fine, we’ll not go.→ If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If not, not.

如果天气好，我们就去；如果天气不好，我们就不去了。

- She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t do so.→ She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t.

她本可申请这份工作的，但她没有。

4、运用非谓语结构

非谓语结构通常被认为是一种高级结构，适当运用非谓语结构，会给人一种熟练驾驭语言的印象。

- When he heard the news, they all jumped for joy.→ Hearing the news, they all jumped for joy.

听了这消息他们都高兴得跳了起来。

- As I didn’t know her address, I wasn’t able to get in touch with her.→ Not knowing her address, I wasn’t able to get in touch with her.

由于不知道她的地址，我没法和她联系。

5、结合使用长、短句

在英语写作中，过多地使用长句或过多地使用短句都不好。正确的做法是，根据实际情况在文章中交替使用长句与短语，使文章显得错落有致，这样不仅使文章在形式上增加美感，而且使文章读起来铿锵有力。

-At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. Then we had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and danced. Some told stories. Some played chess.→ At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing, telling jokes and playing chess.

中午我们晒着太阳吃野餐。休息一会儿后，我们唱的唱歌，跳的跳舞，还有的讲笑话、下棋，大家玩得很开心。

6、使用短语代替单词

使用短语代替单词。

- He has decided to be a teacher when he grows up.→ He has made up his mind to be a teacher when he grows up.

他已决定长大了当老师。

- He doesnt like music.→ He doesnt care much for music.

他不大喜欢音乐。

- He told me that the question was now under discussion.→ He told me that the question was now being discussed.

他告诉我问题现正正在讨论中。

7、套用某些固定表达

套用某些固定表达

- He was very tired. He couldn’t walk any farther.→ He was too tired to walk any farther.

他太累了，不能再往前走了。

- The film was very interesting. Both the teachers and the students liked it.→ The film was so interesting that both the teachers and the students liked it.

这电影很有趣，学生和老师都很喜欢。

- Your son is old. He can look after himself now.→ Your son is old enough to look after himself now.你的儿子已经长大，可以自己照顾自己了。

8、使用地道英语

使用地道英语

- Dont worry. Be bold and try it, and youll learn it soon.→Dont worry. Just go for it, and youll get it soon.

别担心，大胆试一试，你很快就会学会的。

-Thank you for playing with us.→Thank you for sharing the time with us.

谢谢你陪我玩。

9、综合使用“高级”结构

综合使用“高级”结构

- We had to stand there to catch the offender.→ What we had to do was (to) stand there, trying to catch the offender.

我们所能做的只是站在那儿，设法抓住违章者。

- If her pronunciation is not better than her teacher’s, it is at least as good as her teacher’s.→ Her pronunciation is as good as, if not better than, her teacher’s.

如果她的语音不比她的老师好的话，至少也不会比她老师的差。

10、引用名言警句点缀

在写作时根据实际情况恰当地用上一两句名言警句来点缀文章，不仅使文章显得有深度、有智慧，而且会让文章在评分中上一个“得分档次”。

- As the proverb says, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” Though you fail this time, you needn’t lose heart. As long as you work hard and stick to your dream, you will succeed one day.- There is a proverb goes like this “Life isn’t a bed of roses.” It is ture that it is likely for everyone to meet problems and difficulties in life.- In the modern world, more and more people live alone, which is not so good for our life. It is better for us to make more friends and enjoy friendship. Just as a proverb says, “A near friend is better than a far-dwelling kinsman.”

Sam Walton(1918-)

Contrary to popular belief, Sam Walton (the founder of Wal-Mart) was not from Arkansas. He was actually born in Kingfish, Oklahoma on March 29, 1918. He was raised in Missouri where he worked in his fathers store while attending school. This was his first retailing experience and he really enjoyed it. After graduating from the University of Missouri in 1940, he began his own career as a retail merchant when he opened the first of several franchises of the Ben Franklin five-and-dime franchises in Arkansas.

This would lead to bigger and better things and he soon opened his first Wal-Mart store in 1962 in Rogers, Arkansas. Wal-Mart specialized in name-brands at low prices and Sam Walton was surprised at the success. Soon a chain of Wal-Mart stores sprang up across rural America. Waltons management style was popular with employees and he founded some of the basic concepts of management that are still in use today. After taking the company public in 1970, Walton introduced his "profit sharing plan". The profit sharing plan was a plan for Wal-Mart employees to improve their income dependent on the profitability of the store. Sam Walton believed that "individuals dont win, teams do". Employees at Wal-Mart stores were offered stock options and store discounts. These benefits are commonplace today, but Walton was among the first to implement them. Walton believed that a happy employee meant happy customers and more sales.

Walton believed that by giving employees a part of the company and making their success dependent on the companys success, they would care about the company.

By the 1980s, Wal-Mart had sales of over one billion dollars and over three hundred stores across North America. Wal-Marts unique decentralized distribution system, also Waltons idea, created the edge needed to further spur growth in the 1980s amidst growing complaints that the "superstore" was squelching smaller, traditional Mom and Pop stores. By 1991, Wal-Mart was the largest U.S. retailer with 1,700 stores. Walton remained active in managing the company, as president and CEO until 1988 and chairman until his death. He was awarded the Medal of Freedom shortly before his death.

Walton died in 1992, being the worlds second richest man, behind Bill Gates. He passed his company down to his three sons, daughter and wife. Wal-Mart Stores Incorporated (located in Bentonville, Arkansas) is also in charge of "Sams Club". Wal-Mart stores now operate in Mexico, Canada, Argentina, Brazil, South Korea, China and Puerto Rico. Sam Waltons visions were indeed successful.

范文：

Travel is a very good means of broadening a persons perspective. It makes you come into contact with different cultures， meet people of different colors and go through peculiar rites and ceremonies. Travelling much， you will not only enrich your knowledge and experiences， but also be aware of the vastness of nature.

Travel may also relieve person of boredom and gloom. Travel brings you enjoyment and attraction. It gives you a pleasant experience， which will disperse your boredom and make you forget whatever annoys you. Travel broadens your mind and leaves you good memories. Later， you may go over these memories and enjoy your past experiences， thus keeping a fresh and sunny mind.

整理:

The fields his study， nature was his book.

Travelers can choose different modes of transportation which have advantages and disadvantages. Airplanes are the fastest but also the most expensive. Buses and trains are less expensive， but they soon make you feel cramped and uncomfortable. Ships provide you with comfort unless you get seasick. Most people can afford traveling by bicycle， which， although slow， can limber up your muscles and get you closer to nature.

Dont drop than wood sent to mountain, changping bacc the exhaust and the sea. Life is easy to fight old heart not old, is the so-called: never too old to learn, learn seventy also too few. Brief is life, but should not be in a hurry traveler, and it should be: June struggle of passion, such as fire, forward steps if the river waves, in the mountain mountain, the water cut of water! When we failure on the way of life, see more Mozart, Bach, Beethoven, shi tiesheng, Helen Keller... They are art and literature have these, but unfortunately in life. They bowed their heads? The fall? Complain about? Give up?

"Ups and downs of life," "I see the road, I will search up and down", "spring breeze willow ten thousand, millions of shenzhou ShunYao" poets are all in the pursuit of exploration. Life, have their own value. If a person cant make my life brilliant, but also have no reason to make it dull; Life can be ordinary, but not vulgar, vice; Life doesnt care about how much tear, and the process of lies in the pursuit of perfection and excellence!

Life is more precious than time. Life, the most dazzling is career. Life, the most happy is struggle.

Everyone has a tomorrow, everyone has a next year. A foothold today, look forward to tomorrow, based on this year, next year.

I believe that no matter how bumpy the road in the future, as long as you seize today, sooner or later, will taste the sweetness of life in the struggle. Seize the moment in your life, rather than waste a year in January!

The pursuit of positive, one percent of the hope may also become a reality; Passive waiting, ninety-nine percent sure will be ruined!

1 正如恶劣的品质可以在幸运中暴露一样，最美好的品质也是在厄运中被显示的。——培根

"As bad quality can be exposed to the same lucky, the best in quality but also in the bad luck to be displayed. - Bacon "

2 美丽属于自信者，从容属于有备者，奇迹属于执着者，成功属于顽强者。

"Who are confident beautiful, calm those who are well prepared, miracles are persistent person, success belongs to those who tenaciously. "

3 作家当然必须挣钱才能生活，写作，但是他决不应该为了挣钱而生活，写作。——马克思

"Of course, the writer must earn money in order to live, writing, but he should never live to make money writing. - Marx "

4 过去属于死神，未来属于你自己。——雪莱

"Past is death, the future belongs to you. - Shelley "

5 人生只有必然，没有偶然。

"Life is only inevitable, there is no chance. "

6 冬天已经到来，春天还会远吗?——雪莱

"Winter has come, can spring be far behind? - Shelley "

7 人生就像奕棋，一步失误，全盘皆输。——弗洛伊德

"Life is like a game of chess, step by mistake, all bets are off. - Sigmund Freud "

8 人生就像钟摆，晃动在痛苦和无聊之间，其动力便是欲望。

"Life is like a pendulum, shaking between pain and boredom, its power is desire. Selected from: Motto (www.geyanw.com) "

9 蔚蓝的天空虽然是美丽，经常风云莫测的人切是起落无从。但他往往会成为风云人物，因为他经得起大风大浪的考验。——方海权

"Although the blue sky is beautiful, often unpredictable situation of people cut is landing impossible. But he tends to become a man, because he can stand the test of storms. - Fang Sea Power "

10 人间没有永恒的夜晚，世界没有永恒的冬天。——艾青

"Room no eternal night, the world is no eternal winter. - Ai Qing "

11 人生最终的价值在于觉醒和思考的能力，而不只在于生存。——亚里士多德

"The final value of life lies in the awakening and the ability to think, not only is survival. - Aristotle "

12 人生就是场经营，有人经营感情，有人经营利益，有人经营幸福，而有人经营阴谋。

"Life is a field operation, it was their emotional, some business interests, it was operating well, but it was business conspiracy. "

13 你在公交车上看到骑自行车的人在寒风中拼命蹬车不由庆幸，骑自行车的人看到在公交车上挤成沙丁罐头的你不由窃喜，原来短处都是从别人身上发现的。

"You see cyclists pedaling hard in the cold not help Fortunately, cyclists swarmed the bus to see you could not help chuckle canned sardines in the bus, the original weaknesses are found from others the. "

14 孤独和勇敢是探路者的游戏。——冯宇学

Lonely and brave Pathfinder game. - Feng Yu learn

15 心作良田耕不尽，善为至宝用无穷。我们应有纯洁的心灵，去积善为大众。就会获福无边。——方海权

"Geng not as fertile mind, good for treasure with endless. We should have purity of heart, to be charitable for the public. It will be a blessing boundless. - Fang Sea Power "

16 "人的生命是有限的,可是,为人民服务是无限的,我要把有限的生命,投入到无限为人民服务之中去。——雷锋"

"Human life is limited, however, to serve the people is unlimited, I want a limited life, serving the people go into the infinite. - Lei Feng "

17 要不断提高自身的能力，才能益己及他。有能力办实事才不会毕竟空谈何益。故事的结束总是满载而归，就是金榜题名。——方海权

"To continuously improve their ability to beneficially own and him. It will not have the ability to do practical things, after all, talk about what benefits. End of the story is always a rewarding experience, is pass the examination. - Fang Sea Power "

18 人生是伟大的宝藏，我晓得从这个宝藏里选取最珍贵的珠宝。

"Life is a great treasure, and I know to select the most precious jewels from the treasure inside. "

19 不受天磨非好汉，不遭人妒是庸才。

"From day wear non-hero, not being jealous is mediocrity. "

20 炫耀什么，缺少什么;掩饰什么，自卑什么。所谓正常人，只是自我防御比较好的人。真正的心理健康，是不设防而又不受害。

"To show off what he needed anything; hide anything, what self-esteem. The so-called normal people, good people just self-defense. The real mental health, is defenseless without victimization. "

21 不要乱说话。话说出去之前你还是话的主人，话说出去之后你就成了话的奴隶。

"Do not talk nonsense. Before or after saying the words out of your master, saying the words out you become a slave. "

22 学习必须如蜜蜂一样，采过许多花，这才能酿出蜜来。——鲁迅

"Learning must be such as bees, taken too many flowers, which can spawn honey come. - Lu Xun "

23 "路是脚踏出来的,历史是人写出来的，人的每一步行动都在书写自己的历史。——吉鸿昌"

"Lu is a foot out, history is written out, people every step of the action in writing their own history. - Ji Hongchang "

24 人生只有经历酸甜苦辣，才懂得人间的味道，因此也必须学会珍惜人生和珍惜感情。——方海权

"Only experienced ups and downs in life, and understand the world of taste, and therefore must learn to cherish life and to cherish feelings. - Fang Sea Power "

25 以智慧时时修正偏差，以慈悲处处给人方便。

Amended from time to time with wisdom deviation compassion people everywhere convenience.

26 给人幸福的不是身体上的好处，也不是财富，而是正直和谨慎。——德谟可利特

"Giving happiness benefits not physically, nor wealth, but integrity and caution. - Democritus to Split "

27 "生活真象这杯浓酒,不经三番五次的提炼呵,就不会这样一来可口!——郭小川"

"Living the truth of strong drink this cup, without repeatedly refining Oh, would not this way delicious! - Guo Xiaochuan "

28 人生有两出悲剧：一是万念俱灰，另一是踌躇满志。——萧伯纳

"There are two tragedies in life: one is despair, and the other is smug. - George Bernard Shaw "

29 成功的人总是愿意做没成功的人不愿意做的事。

Successful people are always willing to do successful people did not want to do.

30 人的价值是由自己决定的。——卢梭

Persons value is determined by its own. - Rousseau

31 人生如坐公交车，有的人很从容，可以欣赏窗外的景色;有的人很窘迫，总处于推搡和拥挤之中。

"Life is like a bus, and some people are very calm, you can enjoy the scenery outside the window; Some people are very embarrassed, the total is being pushed and crowded. "

32 人生天地之间，若白驹之过隙，忽然而已。——庄周

"Life between heaven and earth, if Baiju gap, suddenly it. - Zhuang "

33 人生就像一场戏，演好自己的角色才是戏成功的关键。

"Life is like a drama, play their own role in the play is the key to success. "

34 有财富的人追求优裕的生活，有智慧的人追求优质的生活。

"There are people who pursue wealth gracious living, intelligent people to pursue quality of life. "

35 一切事无法追求完美，唯有追求尽力而为。这样心无压力，出来的结果反而会更好。——方海权

"All things that can not be the pursuit of perfection, only the pursuit of best. So with no pressure, the results come out of it will be better. - Fang Sea Power "

36 奋斗是万物之父。——陶行知

Struggle is the father of all things. - Tao

37 君子坦荡荡，小人长戚戚。——孔丘

Gentleman is open longer sad. - Confucius

38 人在得意时须沉得住傲气;失意时则要忍得住火气。

When people proud to be tolerant of arrogance; will have frustrated when we resist anger.

39 我们总是对陌生人太客气，而对亲密的人太苛刻。

"We are always too polite to strangers, but people are too harsh for intimacy. "

40 燧石受到的敲打越厉害，发出的光就越灿烂。——卢梭

"Flint by beating the more powerful, more brilliant light emitted. - Rousseau "

41 希望是附丽于存在的，有存在，便有希望，有希望，便是光明。——鲁迅

"Hope is Reattachment to exist, there exists, there is hope, there is hope, is bright. - Lu Xun "

42 多一分心力去注意别人，就少一分心力反省自己。

"A little more effort to the attention of others, curbing efforts to reflect on their own. "

43 小时侯，幸福是很简单的事;长大了，简单是很幸福的事!

"Kid, happiness is a very simple matter; grow up, simple is a very happy thing! "

44 幽默胜过直白，话少胜过多言;坦率胜过伪装，自然胜过狡辩;心静何来多梦，苦索不如随缘。

"Humor than straightforward, if less than say; candid than camouflage, natural is better than sophistry; calm where is more than a dream, better to revel bitter cable. "

45 人生不售来回票，一旦动身，绝不能复返。

"Life does not sell return tickets, once the leave, never return. "

46 "社会犹如一条船,每人都要有掌舵的准备。——易卜生"

"Community is like a ship, everyone should have at the helm of preparation. - Ibsen "

47 "手莫伸,伸手必被捉。党与人民在监督,万目睽睽难逃脱。汝言惧捉手不伸,他道不伸能自觉,其实想伸不敢伸,人民咫尺手自缩。——陈毅"

"Hand Mo extension, will hand caught. Party and the people in supervision, Wan head Kuikui difficult to escape. Ruyan fear of catching hand is not stretched, stretched his way not consciously, in fact, want to stretch afraid to stretch peoples right close hand from shrinking. - Chen Yi "

48 一个精神生活很充实的人，一定是一个很有理想的人，一定是一个很高尚的人，一定是一个只做物质的主人而不做物质的奴隶的人。——陶铸

"A spiritual life is very full of people, it must be a very ideal man must be a very honorable man, must be a master of substance and not only do people slaves substances. - Tao Zhu "

49 让人失去理智的，常常是外界的诱惑;让人耗尽心力的，往往是自己的欲望。

"People irrational, often lure outside; effort exhausted people, often their own desires. "

50 伟大的精力只是为了伟大的目的而产生的。——斯大林

Great effort is for the purpose of generating the greatest. - Stalin

51.Honesty is the best policy. —Aesop, ancient Greek fabulist

诚实是最好的策略。 —伊索，古希腊寓言作家

52.Personality is to man what perfume is to a flower. —C.C.Schwab, American businessman

人品之于人，犹如芳香之于花。 —C.C.施瓦布，美国实业家

53.Faith is the bird that feels the light when the dawn is still dark. —Tagore, Indian poet

信念是黎明之前、天还没亮时就能感觉到光明的鸟。 —泰戈尔，印度诗人

54.Character is the first and last word in the success. —Orison Marden, American writer

品德是成功中的决定因素。 —奥里森·马登，美国作家

55.The more a man knows, the more he is inclined to be modest. —Henry Fielding, English novelist

懂得越多的人就会越谦虚。 —亨利·菲尔丁，英国小说家