高一英语作文：网恋的危害(推荐20篇)

There are many arguments about the advantages and disadvantages of examinations. Some people think that examinations can help them review the lessons regularly, while others maintain that too many examinations have frustrated them.

To me, I think an examination is a good thing for both teachers and students. Teachers can find out how much the students have grasped and then improve their teaching; students, on the other hand, will learn what their weak points are and then study even harder.

All in all, we should not waste time arguing whether examinations are good or not. What we should do is to try to improve the exam system and try to adjust it to our different requirements.

My high school life, nothing exciting - from flat to start, but also in the flat end. Can not call it exciting, but it can not be pleased to lament the difficult, but it can not be portrayed as odd. But "dull" is not possible to rub out the highlights of my life, but it will show a more bright, brilliant ... ... 我的高一生活平平淡淡——是从平淡中开始，又是在平淡中落幕。既不能称之为精彩，又不能欣然去感叹它的艰难，更不能将它描写得那样曲折离奇。但“平淡”是不可能抹杀掉我生活中的亮点的，反而会将它呈现得更加明亮，辉煌……

Long and short years, I learned the most important thing, not a textbook knowledge of those endless, but people learned how to do - to get along with everyone in the days, I learned a technique called "unity" thing, it allows us to hear the voice of 54 hearts beat together; short life in boarding school a few months, I learned to "inclusive", which is a blend of our strength; in ride out the storm with friends when I know the "concern", a pair of "It better to give than to receive." The best interpretation of ... Yes, I learned a lot of things like that, they are impossible to find in the textbook knowledge, they can not be called a capability. They are the people, heart to heart between the alternating collision, can really feel the same things, maybe you can in an instant perception of their true meaning, but maybe you really can not fathom the life out of the mystery ... ...

Perhaps this is my high school life, perhaps it will make you feel very empty, but it really is I want to sway the hearts of all, but I am very clumsy, but seemingly meaningful words can not make you feel I feel nothing at this moment ... ... 漫长而又短暂的岁月里，我学到的最为重要的东西，并不是课本上那些层出不穷的知识，而是学到了应该怎样去做人——在与大家一起相处日子里，我学会了一种叫做“团结”的东西，它能让我们听到 54颗心一起跳动的声音;在住校几个月的短暂生活里，我学会了“包容”，这是一种将我们融为一体的力量;在与好友共度的难关之时，我懂得了“关心”，一个对“ It’ better to give than to receive.”的最好诠释……是的，我学到了很多诸如此类的东西，它们都是在课本中所无从寻觅的知识，它们也不能被称作是一种能力。它们是在人与人，心与心之间，交替碰撞的时候，才能真正所感受到的东西，也许在瞬间你就可以感悟它们的真谛，但也许你真的就一辈子也无法参透出其中的玄机…… 也许这就是我的高一生活，也许它会让您觉得很空洞，但这确实是我内心深处所想要挥洒出的一切，只不过我那些看似隽永却笨拙无比的文字无法让您感受到我此时此刻的心情罢了……

遵守交通规则Obeying the Traffic Laws

I am often very afraid to cross-large wide streets. I always go to the traffic light and use the crosswalk, but many times I have been frightened. When the light changes to green I still need to look both directions to check the traffic. On many occasions a speeding motorcycle or bicycle or once a truck drove past the red light and across the pedestrians path. When I have my bicycle, I get off and walk across the street, but always someone crosses the red light. Once at the intersection near the shopping mall I saw an accident: a taxi had stopped for the light, and another truck came from behind and did not stop. For safety, it is very important for everyone to obey the traffic laws.

翻译：

横过大宽马路时，我常会害怕。我总是看着信号灯，走人行横道。仅管这样，我还是被吓着了几次。当信号灯换成绿灯时，我还是要朝两边看一下。很多时候，超速行驶的摩托车或自行车甚至是卡车，都闯红灯穿过人行横道。当我骑车时,我就会下来,推着车子步行过马路, 但总有人闯红灯。一次，在靠近购物广场的那个十字路口，我见到了一起交通事故：一辆出租车停在那儿等红灯，但是它后面的卡车没停。所以，从安全计，每个人都遵守交通规则是很重要的。

Dont you see the heavy smokes from the big chimneys? Dont you smell the gas from the motors all around the streets? Weve got much dirtier air! The iceburgs are melting from the warmer winter because of the air pollution!

难道你没有看到浓重的烟雾从烟囱里冒出来吗？难道你没有在街上闻到从机动车上排出来的气体吗？我们得到太多肮脏的空气了！因为气体污染，冰山在暖冬的时候融化了不少。

Dont you see there are less lives in the water? Dont you see that we must pay higher cost in water processing? Weve got much darker water running around! The oceans are in danger.

难道你没有看到水中的生物越来越少了吗？难道你没有看到我们必须花更多的成本加工水源吗？我们到处开采深水。海洋正处于危险之中。

Dont you see the mountains getting bald ? Dont you see our ground becoming hollow ? Weve been exhausting the resources beneath the earth. Our grandchildren will live on nothing.

难道你没有看到山峰正变得光秃秃吗？难道你没有看到土地正变得空空的吗？我们正耗尽地下的资源。我们的孙儿将无法依靠任何事情生活下去。

We have only one globe. Treasure the mother nature!

我们只有一个地球。珍爱（孕育万物的）大自然吧！

Barack Obama is the first president of black people, whose story inspires

so many young people to chase their dreams. As the saying that every successful

man has a woman to support him, and this woman for Obama is his wife Michelle.

As the first lady, Michelle helped Obama so much. During the campaign, she gave

inspiring speeches and people knew what they should voted for. Michelle was born

in a poor family, but her mother paid special attention to education. Michelle

was the top students all the time and she entered the top university, then she

got the degree of doctor. Then she worked in a good law office. She was an

excellent lawyer and the job experience made her a good orator. Michelle set

good examples for the women. She showed that woman’s power was great, and they

could be whoever they wanted.

Chengdu City Chengdu, the capital city of Sichuan province in China, has

been recognized as “the land of abundance” for a long time. With rich cultural

heritage, Chengdu is one of the most popular destinations for tourists in China.

People who once step onto the land of Chengdu city will quickly fall in love

with life there. It seems that Chengdu people are living a happy life with less

pressure from their occupation, family or from the conflict social competition.

Children, for example, can enjoy the child-only facilities in the parks. They

can play with peers and make friends with each other. For teenagers and adults,

the various entertainment places and snack streets are indispensable part of

their life. The old in Chengdu can also sit in a teahouse with a cup of tea

after dinner and gossip their family. The pace of life in Chengdu is slower than

in other big cities. People tend to spend more time and efforts to create and

experience happiness.

Chengdu is a city where one comes and doesn’t want to leave. There are many

famous scenic spots such as Jingli, Kuanzai Street, Tianfu Square and Chengdu

Panda Base. In Chengdu, one can not only enjoy shopping in Tianfu square,

walking on the ancient streets and buy souvenirs in traditional houses or stores

on Jingli and Kuangzai Street, but also play with cute pandas and help feed

their cubs in the Panda Base. Furthermore, watching a Sichuan Opera Show will

also provide a newcomer with unforgettable and precious memories. The delicate

face-changing in Sichuan Opera has become a symbol of Sichuan culture.

It is said that Chengdu is a city which if you come you cant leave.It has

a long history.there stands Du Fus thatched cottage ,The Temple of Zhugeliang

and some other place of historical interest.They are all so famous that many

foreign tourists like to come here.Chengdu also has a comfortable weather for

people who live in there.Even though in the winter it is still warmer than any

other cities in China.Besides,as Chengdu people are fond of eating,they have

created many delicious food such as hot pan,Three Big guns,and some others.

I went to visit the Great Wall this summer.Last week ,my mother took me to Beijing by train,the city of Beijing was really nice,we visited the Tiananme and took some pictures,then we came to a resturant to have dinner,at the table,I met some Forigners,we became friends and they left their E-mail to me ,I enjoyed this trip very much!

there are 3 members in our family,my father,my mother and i.we love each other deeply.my father likes reading.we share a big bookshelf,and he take large proportion o f it.everyday he reading newspaper, magazines and all kinds of paper which have letters on it.my mum love to play computer games since i teach her how to do it.she likes to see the movies and play majiang on it.whats more, i like to do some games in our garden with my dog.we are very happiness for we can do whatever we like.we never quarel, if we have some promblems we will sit together and take suggestions from each other.My family is very harmonious，i love my family.

我家有三个成员，爸爸，妈妈和我。我们都非常爱彼此。我爸爸非常喜爱阅读，家里有一个我和他共用的书架，大部分都是他的书。每天都要找点什么来读，报纸啦，杂志啦，只要是有字的，他都要读上一读。我妈妈则爱上了电脑，自从我教会她如何看电影以及如何在上面打麻将之后，她就为之疯狂了。至于我，我喜欢和我的狗狗在室外一起做一些运动。我们是个幸福的家庭，因为我们可以做任何我们喜欢的事情，我们从不吵架，要是家里出现了任何问题，我们都会坐下来一起讨论解决。并听取彼此的意见。我的家庭很和谐。我爱我家。

Ten years ago, the Internet was practically unheard of by most people. Today, the Internet is one of the most powerful tools throughout the world. The Internet is a collection of various services and resources. According to Russ Brock, a director and consultant at the Center for Innovation and Inquiry, the Internet’s main components are E-mail and the World Wide Web. “There’s a lot more to the Internet than E-mail, search engines, celerity web sites, up-to-the-second sports scores, and chat rooms full of risqué discussions. The Net also ranks as one of today’s best business tools - if it’s used adroitly”. Almost all households contain the Internet; however, before people connect to the Internet, they need to be aware of its disadvantages and advantages.

十年前，对于大部分人来说网络都是几乎没听说过的。今天，互联网在整个世界中是最强大的工具之一。互联网收集各种各样的服务和资源。拉斯布鲁克，创新中心的主任兼顾问说互联网的主要组成是电子邮件和万维网。对于互联网来说还有更多的如。电子邮件，搜索引擎，快速网站，即时体育成绩，和充满淫秽讨论的聊天室。网络也被列为当今最好的商业工具——如果是熟练地运用”。几乎所有的家庭都拥有互联网；然而,在人们接触到互联网之前，他们需要知道它的缺点和优点。

Many fear the Internet because of its disadvantages. They claim to not use the Internet because they are afraid of the possible consequences or are simply not interested. People who have yet connected to the Internet claim they are not missing anything. Today’s technological society must realize, it is up to them to protect themselves on the Internet “Half of U.S. adults, or 94 million Americans, aren’t online”.

许多人都担心互联网的缺点。他们提出不使用互联网，因为他们害怕可能产生的后果或着是不感兴趣。那些还没有接触过互联网的人声称他们没有遗漏任何事情。如今的科技社会他们必须要意识到在互联网上保护自己“一半的美国成人，或着9400万美国人是不在线的”。

Children using the Internet has become a big concern. Most parents do not realize the dangers involved when their children log onto the Internet. When children are online, they can easily be lured into something dangerous. When children talk to others online, they do not realize they could actually be talking to a harmful person. As a result, there have been many cases where children have been convinced to meet people they have talked with online. In fact, “stories seem to come out every week: a child or teenager lured into something foolish, dangerous, or even deadly on line” . Cathy Cleaver of the Family Research Council claims that it is against the law for a molester to even attempt to find children online . In addition, children may also receive pornography online by mistake; therefore, causing concern among parents everywhere. Whether surfing the Web, reading newsgroups, or using email, children can be exposed to extremely inappropriate material.

Pornographic sites tend to make sure they are the first sites to be listed in any search area; thus, children come across such sites easily. A man from Pearl, Mississippi was arrested in 1996 for downloading pornographic images of children from the Internet. He was charged with 290 counts of child pornography . Some critics say that parents are responsible for their own children on the Internet because there are available services to protect children. To keep children safe, parents and teachers must be aware of the dangers. They must actively guide and guard their children online. Parents should talk to their children about what is online and what might happen online, claims Howard Rheingold, writer of The Virtual Community . There are a number of tools available today that may help keep the Internet environment safer for children. Some companies, such as America Online, try to monitor everything that is said and done on their online service; however, because thousands of chat rooms are available, it is simply impossible for everything to be monitored, claims Tricia Primrose, worker for America Online . In other words, children want to explore things; however, there are people on the Internet that are just too persuasive.

孩子们使用互联网已经成为一个大问题。大部分的父母都没意识到让他们的孩子接触互联网的危险。当孩子在网上时，他们会很容易地吸引到一些危险。当他们跟别人在网上聊天时，他们不知道他们可能正在跟一个有害的人聊天。因此，有很多情况是孩子被说服去见他们在网上聊过天的人。事实上，“这样的事情似乎每周都有：有孩子或少年在互联网上被一些愚蠢的，危险的,甚至是致命的东西诱惑”。凯西在家庭研究理事会上说性骚扰者甚至试图寻找在线的孩子是违反法律的。此外，孩子们也可能在网上无意的接触到色情信息；因此，导致世界各地的父母都担忧。不管是上网，阅读新闻组，或使用电子邮件，孩子们都可以接触到不合适的材料。色网站力倾保整他们是第一个网站列入任何搜索区域的网站；所以孩子们是很容易遇到这样的网站。一个来自密西西比州珍珠港的男人在1996年被逮捕，因为他从网上下载孩子的色图片。他被指控290项儿童色情。

一些批评家说，父母该对他们自己的孩子上网负责，因为有有效的服务来保护孩子。为了保护孩子们的安全，父母和教师必须知道其中的危险。他们必须积极引导和保护他们的孩子上网。“家长应该告诉他们的孩子网上有什么，网上可能发生什么事情，”《虚拟社区》的作家霍华德莱茵戈德说道。今天有很多可用的工具可能有助于为儿童保持安全的网络环境。有些公司，如美国在线，试图监控所有在他们网上服务器上的言语和行为，然而，由于有成千上万的聊天室，要监控所有的东西是根本不可能的，特瑞西亚·普林罗丝，美国在线的员工说道。换句话说，孩子们想要探索事情，但是，有些人在网上太有说服力了。

[网络危害英语作文

英国大部分节日都起源于宗教。复活节发生在过了春分月圆后的第一个星期日，原是纪念耶稣复活的日子。而现在对大多数人来说，复活节只是一个人们享受美好春光的普通节日。对于孩子们来说，没有比复活节彩蛋或巧克力蛋更重要的了。 复活节早上，有的家里把早餐用的蛋分放在几个盛有不同颜色的植物染料的锅里煮，这样端上来的蛋不再是白色或浅棕色的，而是黄色或粉红色，蓝色或绿色的。当然，染料是不会渗透到蛋壳里去的。

Most English holidays have a religious origin. The first Sunday of Easter in the full moon after the vernal equinox, the original is the day to commemorate the resurrection of Jesus. But now for most people, Easter is a secular spring holiday. For children, nothing is more important than Easter eggs or chocolate eggs. Easter morning, home with the breakfast egg placed in a few have different colors of plant dyestuff pot to cook, so end up the shells are no longer white or pale brown, but yellow or pink, blue or green. Of course, the dyes do not penetrate the shell.

圣诞节一过，复活节巧克力蛋便在糖果店里摆出来了。那些最小和花样最简单的很便宜，孩子们用自己的零花钱就可以买下来。这段时期上市的彩蛋有两种。小的一种叫方旦糖，长一英寸多一点，外面是一层薄薄的巧克力，里面是又甜又软的面团，然后再用彩色的锡箔纸包装成各种形状。另外一种是空蛋，稍为大一点，一般比鸭蛋还大一点。里面什么也没有，只是包着一个巧克力外壳。只需打碎外壳，吃巧克力片。 复活节临近时，糖果店的橱窗里会摆满比这些更精美的彩蛋。同时还有各种各样的用来吸引孩子们的小礼物出售。上面装饰有毛绒绒的羊毛做的小鸡，小鸡的嘴和脚都粘在卡片上。幸运的孩子可能从亲友那儿得到好几种这样的礼物。

One Christmas, Easter chocolate eggs in the candy store. The smallest and most simple pattern is very cheap, the children in their own pocket money can buy. Egg period listed in two. One is called fondant small, little more than an inch long, the outside is a thin layer of chocolate, which is sweet and soft dough, then use the color of the aluminum foil packaging into various shapes. Another is empty eggs, slightly larger than the duck is also a little big. There is nothing, just a wrapped chocolate shell. Just break the shell, eating chocolate chip. As Easter approaches, the candy shop window will be filled with more beautiful than the egg. At the same time also used a variety of attract children gifts. It is decorated with fluffy wool chicken, chicken beaks and feet are glued to the card. Lucky children may get from family and friends for such a gift.

As a student, I expect the winter holiday very much, because I don’t have

to go to school every day. So I can sleep and get up late. But this winter

holiday, I am not very happy. I didn’t do well in the final exam. It makes my

parents disappointed. I feel sorry to them. Besides, I got ill the whole winter

holiday. I caught a cold at first and then had a fever. I had to see a doctor

every day. My parents worried much about me. Because of the illness, I didn’t

have a good time during the New Year. Now, I am a little better. I hope I could

be well soon, because the new term is beginning. I don’t want to go to school

with illness.

It was cooler than yesterday. One of my father’s friends invited me to eat red bayberries. You must know it is unusual. Because we will climb the hill to eat red bayberries. There is no chance to eat red bayberries in the hill for the people who don’t live in Beijing.

On the hill, you can breathe the fresh air, you can listen birds singing and you can eat red bayberries. It was enjoyable. It is said there are wild pigs in the hill. What a beautiful natural.

When I learned English, I had no idea why would I learn it, but as I was in high school, my English teacher showed me many things about the foreign country, then I came to know what the foreign country was like. They are so different from China, the world is so big, I must travel abroad someday, I want to see the other countries, having access to their tradition. I am very interested in the culture, I know our country’s culture well, I want to know more beyondChina. I learn thatParisis very fashionable,Egyptis an old city with its famous tower,Veniceis a water city, all of there are so interesting to me. English is a basic tool that I can communicate with the world, so I must learn English well, making enough money and realize my dream.

当我学英语的时候，我不知道我为什么要学，但是当我读高中的时候，我的英语老师向我展示了很多关于外国的东西，然后我开始知道外国是怎样的。它们跟中国很不同，世界很大，我将来一定要出国旅游，我想要看看其他国家，接触它们的传统。我对文化很感兴趣，我很了解中国的文化，我想要了解中国外更过的东西。我知道巴黎很时尚，埃及很古老，那里有出名的塔，威尼斯是水上城市，所有的这些对我来说都很有趣。英语是我和世界沟通的工具，所以我一定要学好英语，挣足够的钱来实现我的梦想。

Today is the annual traditional festival in China, "Spring Festival". The morning sun was still in bed, I was like the sound of firecrackers to wake up. I get up and wash, this is my brother and sister have been wearing new clothes neat and I go to visit my grandparents and grandparents give us pay New Years call, each made a big red, I opened the door to stay, which contained a $100 bill, I like to eat honey, happy the flowers.

After eating dumplings, my mother said that I dont have to write my homework today. I can play a day with my brother and sister. I am very happy after I hear it.

The Spring Festival is the most important festival in China. On this day, every family has to eat dumplings, set off firecrackers, put up couplets and hang lanterns, which is the happiest and happiest day of the year.

I seem to recall best a journey we made by tram one winter night.

We were going to visit my Granny at Westoe, and I was very excited, because an evening excursion was something quite unheard of for me. It had been raining; the gas lamps lit the gleaming pavements and cobbles with a doubled radiance. The shaking tram wires were sending down showers of white raindrops. Everything in the ram seemed fresh and glittering. The breezy windows sparkled with long zigzags of rain and the passing street lamp flared gorgeously through the panels of blue and yellow and ruby glass. Outside, it was cold and windy, and we could feel the gale buffeting against the side of the tram, making it sway and lurch ore than usual, and throwing the passengers of song, and the fresh, clean, cold sea-wind was blowing right through the upper deck. Above, a high half-moon seemed to be skidding along on its back through piles of black, white-lined rags. It was a wild night, with a sense of magic in the offing. The people in the tram did not like ordinary mortals; a kind of exhilaratinggaietyhadseizedthem,anditseseememed to lighten their bodies and illuminate their faces. At times I was sure we were really flying.

If you have received possibly have theEarthquakewarning, continues to maintain listens to the local broadcasting station newest report and the suggestion, like the suggestion switches off the liquid gas, the power source. Greatly but the heavy object from high will put on to take away. The jar, the glass, the chinaware and other brittle things admit in the low cabinet, the baggage shelf should have keeps off the hand by to prevent the object whereabouts. The cabinet gate should shut tightly, moves away to be hanging the object. Below

prepares the goods by to prepare urgently needs: Fresh fresh water and emergency food, flashlight, fire extinguisher. Is far away these possibly to fall is pounding your thing, possibly can eradicate in outdoors trees, in the small town construction even if enough is sturdy cannot destroy, the chippings also possibly fall. Runs away spacious to place most ideal, but if does not have the enough time,stays is possibly safer in the room, on the avenue speech, the gas piping or the electric wire which bursts can increase the risk. Passes

in and out the human is most dangerous, extremely easily is wounded by the building in bricks and stones.

In room: When the earthquake occurs, if in the indoors, stays in inside, extinguishes the fire, is far away the glass is specially the big window (including mirror and so on). In the room quoin or has the good strut internal way is good seeking asylum place. Perhaps the low ground or the basement can provide the best survival opportunity. Hides in under the table bottom or other firm furniture, this not only can provide the protection to you, moreover also has the big breath space. When store, is far away the big cargo exhibition hall, these

cargos possibly can drop down. Also is loaded with the elevator in the multilayered building in the office, in-situ hides in the desk bottom. Do not enter the elevator, the staircase also possibly can crowd the panic-stricken people. .

Che Zhong: As far as possible quickly and safely stops - but stays in the vehicle may avoid hit by the whereabouts object. Crouches in hiding under the seat, if has the thing to fall on the vehicle, you will be able to obtain the protection. When vibrates stops down, the attention observation obstacle and possibly appears danger: Destroyed the electric cable, damages the path and collapses bridge.

Outdoors: When outdoors lie in the ground, do not have to run. This can throw down, also possibly is embezzled by the crack. Is far away the big construction. Toward derground walk or do not enter the gallery, this can cause to be stranded. Like you already prepared to the outdoors, did not return to in the building. The earthquake causes any construction not too to be all reliable for the first time, if then again occurs slightly shakes, the building can cave in. Is safer to the summit. In the pitch earth stone is easy to fall, if crushes by the number thousand ton heavy soil block or the rock (they to have fearful speed), very little has the opportunity which fortunately survives. Rolls equally on the place like the ball changes the survival.

Beach place: So long as under the cliff cannot the suitable security, but because the tsunami follows the earthquake but to come frequently, therefore after vibrates stops leaving the beach as soon as possible to the higher open field shift. The aftershock risk did not like the tsunami to be so fearful.

When we are little, we are eager to grow up, so that we can break free of

parental discipline even leave them far. Since we were a little child, we have

to be governed by teachers in school and endure parent’s ramble at home. These

are our growing pains. Besides, study, friendship, sometimes campus romance may

trouble us. However, as we grow up, we gradually find that things mentioned

above are not pains at all. There are much more serious things brother us. For

example, we may be less sensitive to the simple happiness and loss them

gradually. It’s hard for us to laugh from our heart. Moreover, we are in the age

that we are eager to grow up but afraid to grow up either. The ambivalence

afflicts us a lot. However, no matter what happens in our growth, they are parts

of our lives. We must accept them actively and do not let the pains prevent us

from happiness.

The Spring Festival is very important to Chinese people. In the past，people could not often have meat，rice or other delicious food. They could only eat these during the Spring festival. So every year they hoped that the Spring Festival would come soon. Now， although people‘s life is much better，and we can eat the delicious foods everyday. People still like the festival. Because most people can have a long holiday，and we are free to go on a trip or visit our friends or have parties with our family. In the evenings，we can have a big meal in the restaurant or stay at home with family and watch the TV programs.

I like the Spring Festival very much. How wonderful the Spring Festival is！

Last week, I saw a very impressive documentary about panda. A professor

studied panda in the early 1980s went to the wild life and kept trace of wild

giant panda for many years. As a result, he found that it was human being that

made these lovely animals die out. At that time, many people believed that giant

panda became less because of the low rate of newborn babies. But it was not

true. People cut trees for making profit at that time. Panda lose homeland and

they lacked of food. Thanks to these valuable data, the government took the

policy to protect the animals. So today, the number of giant panda is

increasing. People realize the importance of protecting the environment and it

is the best way to protect wild animals, they are the indispensable part of the

nature.

"Try and try until you succeed." This saying shows the importance of perseverance. I have found through experience that only through hard work can we succeed.Many people have failed in their work or studies, precisely because they had no perseverance. Life, in general, as in many things we do, has never been easy. No one promised us what it would be.

So, if we want to succeed in life, we must be brave to win. This is the standard that differentiates people who succeed in life and those who dont.