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英语四级议论文写作格式及范文【通用20篇】

记事作文以叙事为主,表现发生在活动场地、竞赛等事情的某种意义,反映作者对这些事情的态度和看法。下面是小编整理的记事作文的写作方法,欢迎大家查看!

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商务英语写作常用句型

全文共 1873 字

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1)We have (take) pleasure in informing you that......

兹欣告你方......

2)We have the pleasure of informing you that......

兹欣告你方.....

3)We are pleased (glad) to inform you that......

兹欣告你方......

4)Further to our letter of yesterday, we now have (the) pleasure in informing you that......

续谈我方昨日函, 现告你方......

5)We confirm telegrams/fax messages recently exchanged between us and are pleased to say that......

我方确认近来双方往来电报/传真,并欣告......

6)We confirm cables exchanged as per copies (cable confirmation) herewith attached.

我方确认往来电报,参见所附文本.

7)We learn from Messrs......that you are interested and well experienced in ......business, and would like to establish business relationship with us.

我方从...公司获悉,你方对...业务感兴趣且颇有经验,意欲与我方建立业务关系.

8)Although no communication has been exchanged between us for a long time, we trust that you are doing well in business.

虽然久未通讯,谅你方生意兴隆.

9)Although we have not heard from you for quite some time, we hope your business is progressing satisfactorily.

虽然好久没接到你方来信,谅业务进展顺利.

10)We have pleasure in sending you our catalog, which gives full information about our various products.

欣寄我方目录,提供我方各类产品的详细情况。

11)We are pleased to send you by parcel post a package containing...

很高兴寄你一邮包内装...

12)We have the pleasure in acknowledging the receipt of your letter dated...

欣获你方...月...日来信.

13)We acknowledge with thanks the receipt of your letter of...

谢谢你方...月...日来信.

14)We have duly received your letter of ...

刚刚收悉你方...月...日来信.

15)We thank you for your letter of ...contents of which have been noted.

谢谢你方...月...日来信,内容已悉.

16) Refering to your letter of ......we are pleased to ....

关于你方...月...日来信,我们很高兴...

17) Reverting to your letter of ...we wish to say that...

再洽你方...月...日来信,令通知...

18)In reply to your letter of ...,we...

兹复你方...月...日来函,我方...

19) We wish to refer to your letter of ...concerning

现复你方...月...日关于...的来信

20) In compliance with the request in your letter of ... we...

按你方...月...日来函要求,我方...

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更多相似作文

篇1:英语书信的常见写作模板

全文共 364 字

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开头部分:

How nice to hear from you again. Let me tell you something about the activity. I’m glad to have received your letter of Apr. 9th. I’m pleased to hear that you’re coming to China for a visit. I’m writing to thank you for your help during my stay in America.

结尾部分:

With best wishes. I’m looking forward to your reply. I’d appreciate it if you could reply earlier.

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篇2:英语写作素材:"财富"的英语名言

全文共 3179 字

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财富,指具有价值的东西就称之为财富,包括自然财富、物质财富、精神财富等。下面是语文迷为大家整理的关于财富的英语名言,希望对你写作文有帮助。

Betrand Russell, British philosopher 乞丐并不羡慕百万富翁,尽管他们一定会羡慕比他们乞讨得多的乞丐。

英国哲学家罗素.B.

He that has a full purse never lacks a friend. Even in a busy market, nobody cares to know a poor person.

Anonymors 富在深山有远亲;贫在闹市无人识。

无名氏

All good things are cheap, all bad things are very dear.

Henry David Thoreau, Ameican writer 一切好的东西都是便宜的,所有坏的东西都是非常贵的。

美国作家梭罗。H.D.

Apply yourself to true riches; it is shameful to depend upon silver and gold for a happy life.

Lrcius Annaeus Seneca, Ancient Roman Philosopher 要争取真正的财富,靠金银谋取幸福是不光彩的。

古罗马哲学家西尼加.L.A.

I would rather have my people laugh at my economies than weep for my extravagance.

Oscar ll, Swedish king 我宁愿让我的人民嘲笑我的的小气也不愿让他们为我的挥霍而哭泣。

瑞典国王奥斯卡二世

A penny saved is a penny gained.

Richard Brckminster Fuller.American srchitect 省下一分钱等于得到一分钱。

美国建筑师富勒.R.B.

Beggars cannot be choosers.

Du Bose Heywood, American writer 乞丐不能挑肥拣瘦。

美国作家海伍德.D.B.

Creditors have better memories than debtors.

Benjamin Franklin. American president 放债的比借债记性好。

美国总统富兰克林。B.

Economy is in itself a source of great revenue.

Lucius Annaeus Seneca, Ancient Roman Philosopher 节约本身就是最大的收入 .

罗马哲学家 西尼加,L.A.

Economy is the poor man s mint; and extravagance the rich man s pitfall. 节约是穷人的造币厂,浪费是富翁的陷阱。

英国作家 塔泊.M

Few rich men own their property.The property owns them.

Robert Green Ingersoll. American Iawyer 极少富人拥有他们的财产,是财产拥有他们。

美国律师英格索尔.R.G.

If you would know the value of money, go and try to borrow some.

Benjamin Franklin, American presudent 要想知道钱的价值,就想办法去借钱试试。

美国总统富兰克林.B.

I finally know what distinguishes man from the other beasts:financial worries.

Jules Renard, French playwright 我终于明白人与野兽的区别在于:人为钱而担忧。

法国剧作家勒纳尔.J.

If rich, it is easy enough to conceal our wealth, but, if poor, it is not so easy to conceal our poverty. We shall find it less difficult to hide a thousand guineas, than one hole in our coat.

Charles C. Colton, British clergyman 如果富有,藏富很容易;如果贫穷,掩饰贫穷却很难。我们不难发现隐藏1000个金币比遮盖衣服上的一个破洞来得容易。

英国画妆师科尔顿.C.C

An ounce of prudence is worth a pound of gold.

Tobias Smollett, British writer 一盎司谨慎抵得上一磅黄金。

英国作家 .斯摩莱特 .T.

All the splendor in the world is not worth a good friend.

Voltaire, French thinker 人世间所有的荣华富贵不如一个好朋友。

法国思想家伏尔泰

关于财富的英语谚语

A bashful dog never fattens.害羞的狗养不胖。(bashful:害羞的)

A beggar can never be bankrupt,乞丐永远不会破产。

A beggar s purse is a I ways empty.乞弓存不住钱。

A borrowed loan should come laughing home.向人借贷应微笑返还。(借钱乐还,再借不难)。 读书笔记

A clear fast is better than a dirty breakfast.宁为清贫,不为法富。 内容来自

A covetous man does nothing that he should till he dies,贪娶之人,死后方尽其义务。

A covetous man is good to none, but worst to himself,贪娶之人,对人无益,对己更损。 读后感

A covetous woman deserves a swindling gallant,贪娶女郎的绝配就是负心汉。

A fool and his money are soon parted,傻子存不了钱。 内容来自

A heavy purse makes a light heart,钱袋沉甸甸,人就轻飘。

A lamb is as dear to a poor man as an ox to the rich,的黑羊比富人的牛更珍贵。

A light purse makes a heavy heart.?中无钱心事重。

A man does not wander far from where his corn is roast i ng.人不会远离财富的来源。 内容来自

A man has no more goods then he has good of.只有享用财富,才算真正拥有财舍田。 读后感

A man may love his house we I I without riding on the ridge.有宝何必人前夸。

A man without money is a bow without an arrow.人无钱,犹如弓无箭。 读后感

A man without money is no man at all. 一分钱难倒英雄汉。

A man’ s wealth is his enemy,财富是人之患也。

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篇3:高考英语写作的训练方法

全文共 1644 字

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主语+谓语+介词+宾语

We all agreed on the terms.

He hates to argue with his wife about such small matters.

All these things are to be answered for.

主语+系动词+形容词

Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.

He was so tired that he fell asleep the moment he went to bed.

Your explanation sounds reasonable.

主语+谓语+直接宾语

I want your promise.

Have your fixed my watch?

This factory produces 1000 cars a week.

主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语

He paid me a visit yesterday.

He owed me 50 yuan.

He wrote his family a letter yesterday.

主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 (to do)

I will get someone to repair the recorder for you.

I didn’t mean to hurt you.

He invited me to teach at a well-known university.

主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 (do)

I often hear her sing the song.

The boss made workers work 15 hours a day.

Don’t forget to have him come.

主语+谓语+现在分词

I heard her singing in the next room.

We could feel our heats beating fast.

Did you observe the birds flying around the trees?

主语+谓语+过去分词

I must have my watch repaired.

We must get he task finished on time.

Speak louder to make yourself understood by everybody.

主语+谓语+宾语(动名词)

I suggested putting off the meeting.

They all avoided mentioning the matter.

We can’t help laughing at the news.

主语+谓语+宾语(不定式)

I can’t afford to buy such a large house.

Don’t pretend to know what you don’t.

He feared to speak in her presence.

主语+谓语+宾语(名词/代词)+介词+宾语

Nothing can prevent us from going forward.

Thank you for your help.

He demanded an answer from me.

练习写好句子的方法一:合并句子

It was early in the morning. Mr. Smith was in his garden. He was watering flowers.

Early in the morning, Mr. Smith was watering flowers in his garden.

A girl was crossing a road. The girl was pretty. The road was wide.

A pretty girl was crossing a wide road.

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篇4:高考英语作文写作模板:图画类写作模板

全文共 476 字

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【提要】高考英语作文 : 2017年高考英语作文写作模板:图画类写作模板

图画类写作模板

1.开头

Look at this picture./The picture shows that.../From this picture, we can see.../As is shown in the picture.../As is seen in the picture...

2.衔接句

As we all know, .../As is known to all,.../It is well known that.../In my opinion,.../As far as I am concerned,.../This sight reminds me of something in my daily life.

3.结尾句

In conclusion.../In brief.../On the whole.../In short.../In a word.../Generally speaking.../As has been stated...

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篇5:英语写作指导:英语作文常用句型

全文共 1162 字

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1. In general, I don’t agree with

2. In my opinion, this point of view doesn’t hold water。

3. The chief reason why… is that…

4.There is no true that…

5. It is not true that…

6. It can be easily denied than…

7. We have no reason to believe that…

8. What is more serious is that…

9. But it is pity that…

10. Besides, we should not neglect that…

11. But the problem is not so simple. Therefore…

12. Others may find this to be true, but I believer that…

13. Perhaps I was question why…

14. There is a certain amount of truth in this, but we still have a problem with regard to…

15. Though we are in basic agreement with…,but

16. What seems to be the trouble is…

17. Yet differences will be found, that’s why I feel that…

18. It would be reasonable to take the view that …, but it would be foolish to claim that…

19. There is in fact on reason for us so believe that…

20. What these people fail to consider is that…

21. It is one thing to insist that… , it is quite another to show that …

22. Wonderful as A is , however, it has its own disadvantages too。

23. The advantages of B are much greater than A。

24. A’s advantage sounds ridiculous when B’s advantages are taken into consideration。

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篇6:英语作文写作的修辞方法

全文共 3097 字

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修辞手段一般主要用于文学性写作中。但在大学英语的英文写作中有时也需要运用一定的具有英文特征的修辞手段,而且运用得好,会使语句生动从而增添语句亮点。因此,掌握一些一般常用修辞手段对于实现语句亮点也是非常必要的。对于大学英语写作来说,主要应该掌握以下修辞手段,又称语句辞格,包括结构辞格与语义辞格。对比、排比、重复、倒装等为结构辞格,转义、双关、矛盾等则为语义辞格。

1.对比正反对比就是要巧妙地运用对称的英文句式来表达互为补充的意思,因此恰当地运用反义词语往往是必不可少的。如果一旦所要表达的内容具有这种情况,就应尽力选用这种对称的句式并选用适当的反义词语来加强语句,实现语句的亮点。

1)如“很多人很快就会发现,他们在物质上是富裕了,精神上却很贫乏”,可以这样达:

Many people will soon find themselves rich in goods,but ragged in spirit.(注:句中rich in与ragged in,goods与spirit具有正反对比的关系和效果。)

2)如“利远远大于弊”,可以这样表达:

The advantages for outweigh the disadvantages.(注:句中the advantages与the disadvantages具有正反对比的关系和效果。)

3)如“他们注意到了这些说法中的一些道理,但他们却忽视了一个重要的事实”,可以这样表达:

They have noticed a grain of truth in the statements,but have ignored a more important fact.(注:句中have noticed与have ignored,a grain of truth in the statements与a more important fact具有正反对比的关系和效果。)

4)如“这样做既有积极效果也有消极效果”,可以这样表达:

It will have both negative and positive effects by so doing.(注:句中negative与positive具有正反对比的关系和效果)

5)如“我们既有与我们很为相似的朋友,又有与我们很为不同的朋友”,可以这样表达:

We have friends similar to us and friends different from us.(注:句中similar to与different from具有正反对比的关系和效果)

2.排比英文中有时也使用排比句式,这种句式整齐而有气势,又不会使人感到单调。例如,如“读书使我们聪明,锻炼使我们强健”,可以这样表达:

Reading makes us wise while exercises make us strong. 3.重复英文一般讲求简洁,因此为表达强调偶尔使用重复可以使语句的强调内容得到突出。英文的重复又根据被重复词语在语句中的位置分为句首重复、句尾重复、首尾重复、尾首重复等。

1)如“现在是忘掉过去一切的时候了。现在是言归正传的时候了。现在是为未来而奋斗的时候了”,可以这样表达:

Now is the time to forget everything in the past. Now is the time to get down to the business. Now is the time to work hard for the future.(注:此句为句首重复,重复部分为句首的now it the time to)

2)如“我们渴望成功,而且正在为成功而努力工作”,可以这样表达:

We long for success and we are working hard for success.(注:此句为句尾重复,重复的部分为句尾的for success.)

3)如“我相信我们能够成功,我相信我们也一定会成功”,可以这样表达:

I am convinced that we can succeed,and Iam convinced that we must succeed.(注:and所连接的两个语句的句首与句尾部分同时重复,重复的部分为句首的I am convinced that与句尾的succeed)

4)如“我们现在生活在一个新的时代,而一个改革充满着风险与机遇”,可以这样表达:

We are now living in a new era,and a new era of reform is always full of ventures and chances.(注:and之前的句尾与and之后的句首重复,重复部分为a new era.)

4.倒装这里说的倒装不同于前述非修辞性的语法结构倒装。非修辞性的语法结构倒装是语句的语法结构所限定的,没有自由选择的余地,只要运用需要倒装结构的句型就要采用倒装结构。这里所说的倒装是指修辞性语义结构倒装,是进行强调的一种手段,它利用了语句句首(或句尾)的特殊位置。例如,如“充满着风险与机遇的改革的新时代正向我们走来”,可以这样表达:

Now on coming to us is the new era of reform full of ventures and chances. 5.转义转义是一种对词语灵活运用的修辞手段,主要有比喻、拟人、夸张、反语、婉转等,比喻又包括明喻、暗喻、换喻、提喻等。

1)如要表达“过去的经历就像图片一样总是在脑海中萦绕”,英文可为:

What had been experienced in the past was always looming in memory like a picture.(注:此句采用明喻,明喻的特点是使用了like一词)

2)如要表达“我们的英语老师就是我们最好的英语辞典”,英文可为:

Our English teacher is our best English dictionary.(注:此句采用暗喻,暗喻的特点是利用事物之间的相似之处进行比喻,与明喻不同之处在于不使用like一词)

3)如要表达“我正在读莎土比亚的书呢”,英文可为:

I am reading Shakespeare.(注:此句采用换喻,换喻的特点是直接借用一事物的名称宋代替另一事物的名称,使用通过联想理解其含义,但不是所有的事物都是可以用换喻来表达的)

4)如要表达“这里需要一个帮手”,英文可为:

A hand is needed here.(注:此句采用提喻,提喻的特点是用一个事物的部分来代表事物的整体或用一个事物的整体来代表事物的部分。这里用hand一词代表整个人)

5)如要表达“巨大的不幸笼罩着整个城市”,英文可为:

A great misfortune crept over the whole city.(注:此句采用拟人。拟人的特点是将事物人格化)

6)如要表达“这种想法可真是伟大的愚蠢”,英文可为:

This is really a great stupid idea.(注:此句采用反语。反语的特点是故意将话反说,具有讽刺意味)

7)如要表达“我太渴望成功了。听到成功的消息我欣喜若狂”,英文可为:

I was mad for success and on the news of success I went mad with joy.(注:此句采用夸张。夸张的特点是为表现事物的特征故意夸大其词)

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篇7:中考作文议论文写作素材:灾难的馈赠

全文共 710 字

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导语:人生不可能一帆风顺,难免会有灾难猝不及防地降临到我们的面前。但只要我们的心中充满希望,我们就能发现灾难下的生机,也就能找到一条新的人生之路。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的作文素材,欢迎阅读与借鉴,谢谢!

1924年,美国家具商尼科尔斯家突然失火。大火把家里的一切烧个精光,连同他准备出售的家具。火灾之后,面对满地狼藉,心有不甘的尼科尔斯到处寻找,终于找到一块已被烧焦的红松木。他的目光,长久地注视着那块木头独特的形状和漂亮的木纹。尼科尔斯找来一块碎玻璃片,小心翼翼地刮去红松木上的沉灰,接着用砂纸打磨光滑,然后又在上面涂了一层清漆。一番打理之后,那块烧焦的红松木呈现出一种温暖的光泽和特别清晰的木纹。尼科尔斯灵机一动,若是将这种光泽与木纹应用到家具的制作上,生产出“仿纹家具”,效果应该不错吧?灵感突至的尼科尔斯,立刻着手制作仿纹家具。果然,这种仿纹家具一问世,就受到了顾客的热烈欢迎。大家争相购买,尼科尔斯生意也就越做越好。如今,尼科尔斯创造出的第一套仿纹家具,还收藏在纽约州博物院。人生不可能一帆风顺,难免会有灾难猝不及防地降临到我们的面前。但只要我们的心中充满希望,我们就能发现灾难下的生机,也就能找到一条新的人生之路。那条路,其实正是灾难馈赠给我们的最好礼物。

【温馨提示】“人生不可能一帆风顺,难免会有灾难猝不及防地降临到我们的面前。但只要我们的心中充满希望,我们就能发现灾难下的生机,也就能找到一条新的人生之路。那条路,其实正是灾难馈赠给我们的最好礼物”。这段话说得多么好:人生只要充满希望,就一定会赢得机遇,就会有美好的未来。这段话适用于“人生”、“奋斗”、“机遇”、“理想”、“自信”等作文话题。

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篇8:2024年高考作文写作之创新式议论文

全文共 952 字

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创新议论文体现的是思维睿智美。下面是小编为你带来的2017年高考作文写作之创新式议论文,欢迎阅读。

创新式议论文的特点:活化以上几种结构方式和写作方法,创造出形式新,内容新的议论文,方法主要有:

⑴采用第二人称,与一个或一组历史人物(现实人物,文学人物)对话的形式,来论说自己的观点;

⑵比喻派生式:标题以一个大的比喻托起全文,全文由这个大比喻派生出三个比喻性分论点。06届高三以”铸造人格”为话题的《装满人格的背囊》,

⑶对一个或一组历史人物(现实人物,文学人物),生活中的某一个或某些现象,发表视角新异,观点独到的看法。

《铸造人格之剑》

(话题:铸造人格)

(9号文,比喻派生式议论文)

当我们欣赏一名男子时,往往是由于他;当我们赞美一位女性时,也往往是由于她有气质.而这气质这风度这精神这魅力则是人格的体现。

孟子曰:“吾善养吾浩然之气也。”那我们又应养怎样的气,铸造怎样的人格呢?且让我们从人格的熔炉中抽出这三柄响绝古今的宝剑吧!

第一把,剑名,旷达。铸造者,苏轼。

王国维在人间词话中说:“东坡之词旷。”的确,人如其词。在大“江东去浪淘尽中”我们领略到他的豪放洒脱;从赤壁赋中关于水与月的那段精辟的妙论,我们感受到他的达观向上。

一封朝奏,夕贬黄州。仕途的失意,并没有磨掉他的才与气,反而铸造了一篇篇留传千古的词赋,铸造了他旷达的人格。

第二柄,剑曰,超脱。铸造者,庄子。

我只是浊水中一尾陋鱼而已。庄子自嘲着。其实,你不知比水中的鱼鳖虾好多少了。天马行空,无拘无束,自由自在,浮游于尘埃之外,不获世之滋垢,这仿佛是你的代名词。

不,这些都不足以形容你。放着高官厚禄不要,过着衣食无所的生活,是因为你有你的信念与执着.

于是,你的人格之剑,铸成了。

第三柄,剑曰,是一把巨阙,上面刻着,高尚。铸造者,古往今来无数仁人志士。

是谁,离开繁华的长安,而独“留青冢向黄昏”?是谁,威武不屈,死不变节,“一片丹心照汗青”?

又是谁,茅屋为秋风所破,却在担忧“安得广厦千万间”……

王昭君,文天祥,杜子美……青史上一个个沉重的名字下,有着一颗高尚的心灵。

烟随风逝,名随史留。他们的人格铸造了高尚,高尚成就了他们。

旷达,或许我们难以继承;超脱,或许我们难以办到;高尚,或许我们难以企及。但是,我们却可以以它们为模子,打造出属于自己的人格之剑!

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篇9:英语议论文的写作方法与技巧指导

全文共 7039 字

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议论文写作是几种常见文体中要求较高的一种。下面语文迷网整理了一些写作方法,希望对你有帮助。

一、议论文的文体特点和写作要求

英语议论文同中文议论文一样也是以议论的方式,通过摆事实、讲道理来阐述自己观点的一种文体。高中英语议论文是一种限制性的写作, 其论点、论据、论证都必须十分明确,学生必须结合题目要求来阐述相关观点。

议论文的结构可分为三个部分:1、引言段引出一个令人关注的问题或明白地亮出自己的观点,如提倡什么,支持什么,反对什么。 2、主体段对提出的问题进行分析、推论、并运用归纳法、演绎法和类比法等进行论证,取得以理服人的效果。3、结论段可以用两三句话来结束文章,同时要注意重申论点,与引言段呼应,但不能照搬原话。务必做到论点明确、要点齐全、论证严密、结构严谨、层次分明、首尾呼应。

二、议论文的写作方法与技巧

一)、审好题

人们常说:“磨刀不误砍柴功”。审题是写作的开始,是写好作文的前提条件,“好的开始是成功的一半”,议论文写作也不例外。只有明确题目要求,确立观点,确定论证方法及全文段落安排,才可能成功写出一篇好的议论文。如果写偏了题,再精心的构思、再好的语言表达也是枉然。审题主要包括六个方面:一是判断议论文所属类型。英语议论文根据命题特点,从形式上来看可分为如下类型: ①“一分为二”的观点。如:“轿车大量进入家庭后,对家庭、环境、经济可能产生的影响”。②“两者选一”的观点。如:“乘火车还是乘飞机”。③“我认为……”型,如:“你对课外阅读的看法”。④“怎样……(how to)”型,如:“怎样克服学习中碰到的困难”。⑤ 图表作文,通过阅读图表中的数字与项目得出一个结论或形成一种看法(杨家贵,2005)。二是确立该文的论点或作者须持的观点,以及支撑论点的道理和事实。三是确定全文所包括的要点。四是确定段落数及每段适用的连接词、过渡句,使文章连接紧凑、过渡自然、层次分明。五是选择全文主要时态及各段适用的其它时态。六是判断该文的格式,是书信还是短文。审题完毕,随即列出提纲。

二)、注重主题句的设置

主题句又叫中心句(topic sentence),是段落的论点,限制段落中议论的范围,是整个段落的纲领。主题句必须要正确,要明确表明作者赞成什么,反对什么。主题句在一篇百来字的议论文中好比“画龙点睛”,帮助作者分层次阐述自己的观点,让读者快速了解作者的观点。

1、确定主题句的位置

英语议论文的主题句宜设在段首第一句,这是由以下两个因素决定的。1)、主题句出现的位置有三种情况:①在段首,以便读者浏览主题句就可掌握文章的概要,这个位置适用于写提供信息或解释观点的段落;②在段末;③段中(高长梅,2000)。2)、英语民族的思维特点是常采用路标式(直线式)篇章结构,即主题句在段首。

2、写出好的主题句

好的主题句具有以下特点:①有一定的概括性,普遍性而不是罗列具体事实。②句意明确而不是模糊不着边际。③让人有话可写而不是给出无可辩驳的事实。④不以问题的方式出现,也不要同时表达两个以上的观点。笔者要求学生写了以下的主题句:

1)Staying up late is bad for our health.

2)The more cars, the better?

3)There are two reasons why some people are fascinated by Super Girls and two reasons why some dislike them.

4)Beijing is famous for the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Imperial Palace and other places of interest.

5)a. Tom is a middle school student.

b. Tom is a hard-working middle school student.

6)Living in small cities is better than living in big cities.

然后让学生对照主题句的特点,他们一致认为1)、5)b、6)为好的主题句。在实践和对比中,学生学会了如何写好的主题句,并且运用到议论文写作中,收到较好效果,见以下实例(下段黑体部分是主题句)。

Everyone lives by selling something. For example, teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort. Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to calculate the true value of services which people perform for us. The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop. Everyone has something to sell.

由此可见,好的主题句能帮助作者阐明观点,起到提纲挈领的作用。作者围绕段落的中心论点,运用多种方法展开论证,达到以理服人的效果。

三)、用好连接词和过渡句

从行文需要出发选用恰当的连接词、过渡句可使整篇文章文句流畅,句意转换自然,同时使表达合乎逻辑,文章结构严谨。倘若一篇议论文的段落里不乏高级词汇和复杂语法结构,但缺少了连接词、过渡句的润色而不能从一个观点自然地过渡到另一个观点,或段落里的各论据(supporting sentence)连接松散,势必削弱论证的效果,就算不上一篇好的议论文。下面分别说明如何有效运用连接词与过渡句。

1、句与句的连接词

连接词通常由连词、副词、介词短语和插入语等充当。如何有效使用连接词,使句意连贯、紧凑,以体现文章良好的严密的论证逻辑?

2.段与段的过渡句

过渡句帮助作者展示文章的条理和层次。恰当运用过渡句能使表达锦上添花。当文章从一个层次转换到另一个层次,或由一段内容转入另一段内容时需要用过渡句。恰当有效的运用过渡句,效果明显(见下文,题目及要求略,黑体部分为过渡句)。

Wearing school uniform every day spreads an order over many schools. Is it good or bad for students? Different people, however, have different opinions on this matter.

Some people say that it has a bad effect on developing students’ personal character. According to them, students are tired of wearing the same clothes every day, which is hard to tell who’s who. Furthermore, the cost of the school uniform is not low as many people think. With the bad quality, it’s not well worth the money.

However, as a popular saying goes: “Every coin has two sides.” Others argue that it is good for students. In their opinion, wearing school uniform will prevent students from wasting so much money on clothes and the time on catching up with the fashion. In addition, it’s easy for the teachers to recognize the students. There is no doubt that wearing school uniform every day is good for students.

In short, I firmly support the view that we should wear school uniform.(康珍,2005)

上文黑体部分综合体现了恰当、有效运用连接词和过渡句的最佳效果。全文行文流畅、衔接自然、条理清楚,浑然不觉作者是在套用各种连接词和过渡句。因此,非常有必要熟记一些常用典型的议论文过渡句,使议论文结构严谨,论点清楚,行文流畅。

1)引言段的常用过渡句

Recently we had a heated discussion on…, Opinions are various among different people.

Different people have different opinions on the question of …

They differ greatly in their attitudes towards …

Different people hold different views/opinions on this matter.

Although most people think… I believe…

此类过渡句能迅速引起读者注意,自然而然地引出全文要讨论的话题,或者开门见山地阐明文章的论点。

2)主体段的常用过渡句

Some may hold the view that… because… But others have a negative attitude. From their point of view…

Some people think that… While others believe…

Some people are for the idea of… because… But some people are against the idea of… because …

本文所指议论文的主体段可以是一段也可以是两段。通过正确使用过渡句,文章思路清晰,结构清楚,显示作者严谨思维,增强表达效果。

3)结论段的常用过渡句

As far as I am concerned, I totally agree with the statement that…

Therefore, it’s easy to draw the conclusion that…

As a consequence/result, I firmly support the view that…

Taking all these factors into consideration, we may reach the conclusion that…

To sum up/in a word/in conclusion/in short/above all/in general/ generally speaking, I still hold the view that…

运用过渡句的提示作用进入结论段,作者或是重申论点,或是强调论点,以便加深读者对全文的了解和深刻认识。

英语议论文范文:

Should Examination Be Abolished (取消)?

The examination system has come to be the main theme (主题)of modern education. One should take an examination andsucceed in passing it before he could be admitted, promoted or graduated. As it plays so important a role in the realm of education (教育的领域) it is under much criticism (评论) as to its validity (有效性) . People who are in favour of it try to develop this system more; those who are against it believe that such a system should be abolished. Should examination be abolished? In my opinion it should be.

Many people think that an examination is the only means to test knowledge, but, in fact, that is not true. A few questions given in an examination could by no means cover the whole field of the subject. Thus those who are able to answer them may be the poorest of the students and yet happen to know just a few points about that subject.

Id like to say that, because of the existence of the examination system, students pay so much attention to gaining high marks, that they often forget the chief purpose of education. The so-called clever students devote (贡献) themselves to the study of textbooks only. They, of course, know nothing but the skeleton (梗概) of knowledge. The end and aim of education, however, is to enable students to learn how to live. To do this, students must get themselves to do all kinds of training, physicalas well as mental. The present examination system has discouraged students from making such an attempt.

Moreover, since the students try so hard to put their lessons into memory in as short a time as possible, psychologically (心理上来看), they soon forget the whole subject as soon as the examination is over. Surely this is one of the greatest wastes ever made in the history of civilization.

Lastly, in order to get high marks, there is a great temptation (诱惑) for students to cheat (作弊) in an examination. Indeed, such a practice becomes the means to the end. They cheat their teachers, their parents and also themselves. Such a tendency would impair (损害) our moral standards (道德标准) .

Therefore, I am of the opinion, in conclusion, that the examination system should be abolished.

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篇10:16年6月英语四级作文预测:手机在沟通中扮演的角色

全文共 2860 字

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英语四级明天就要开考了,小编整理了英语作文的预测作文,快来看看吧。

预测题目:

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should comment on the role of mobile phone in peoples communication. You are required to write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

参考范文:

The Role of Mobile Phone in Peoples Communication

The popularity of smartphones has exerted great influence on the way people communicate, so much so that an increasing number of individuals contend that face-to-face communication is being replaced by texts and images on the mobile phone.

There are more than one angle to consider this phenomenon. On one hand, it is pleasantly acknowledged that smartphones shorten the distance between families and friends. Even people from different sides of the globe can share pictures, feelings and thoughts through various types of apps on the phone, thus building a long-distance connection. On the other hand, as the picture warns us, too much smartphone addiction interferes with peoples real-life communication. Statistics show that over 70 percent of face-to-face communication consists of facial expressions and body language, which is why people should stay away from mobile phones when they have the chance to actually talk and communicate with others.

In a word, mobile phones act as an appropriate platform where people can always stay in tough however long the distance is, but a wise man should know when to put down his phone.

拓展阅读:英语作文模板

(1) 模版1

Different people have different views on_____.Some people think that_____,whereas others aegue that __________.

As far as I am concerned, I agree with the opinion that ___________.For one thing,I firmly believe that ___________.For another,_____________.Just think of________,who/which_______.

Taking all these factors into consideration,we may safely come to the conclusion that______.Only if_______can we _______,just as the saying goes,________________.

(2)模版2

In recent years there have been many reports of ________.It turns a new chapter of _________in China,and will have far-reaching effects in the forthcoming years.

The biggest benefit,in my eyes,is that_______.In addition,_______.Finally,______________.

Apart from the benefits mentioned above,we should also face several unavoidable challenges.In the first place,_____________.In the second place,________.What’s more,_______________.In summary,we should_______________.

(3)模版3

Nowadays more and more ______are commonly and widely used in everyday life,ranging from __________to_____________.

The popularity of _______will have a great influence on ______.On the one hand,_________.On the other hand,__________.

To conclude,____________are just like a double-edged sword.With them we may________.However,one point should be kept in mind that we should make sensible use,always being a master instead of slaving of them.

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篇11:2024英语四级准考证号忘了怎么查成绩

全文共 776 字

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导语:英语四级成绩查询必备准考证号和姓名,缺一不可。如果准考证号忘记了怎么办呢?下面是yjbys作文网小编为您收集整理的资料,希望对您有所帮助。

一、推算方法

四六级准考证号一共由15位组成:

1、前5位是学校代码

2、第6位是学校的校区代码

3、第7-8位是考试年份

如2014年考试此处应为14,14代表2014年。

4、第9位是该年中第几次四六级考试

上半年是第1次,下半年是第2次,那么2014年12月就是2。

5、第10位是四六级类别,四级是1,六级是2。

6、第11-13位是考场号

比如你在100考场的,那就是100,14考场的就是014。

7、第14-15位是座位号。

二、99宿舍客服软件提供准考证找回服务。

准考证查询步骤如下:

下载完毕后,点击安装99宿舍软件

1、安装程序,打开软件;

2、打开99宿舍客服软件,单击“2015年6月CET考试准考证号丢失查询”,弹出“准考证找回”对话框。

3、输入姓名全名,选择省市、学校、考试类型,选填考场号。单击“提交”按钮查询,如下示例

姓名中包含特殊字符如“艾克拜尔·麦麦提”,请分别尝试“·”和“.”(不包含引号)。

考场号为选填项,位于准考证号的第11-13位,为了确保能够精确查询,99宿舍建议您询问同考场同学获取考场号。

4、安装或启动时提示“系统中存在不兼容软件,无法继续”检测到不兼容的程序,请换其它计算机再尝试。

5、提示“无法找到对应的准考证号”

系统无法确定您所提交的内容指向唯一准考证号,建议您输入确定的考场号再进行查询;

如果您提交了考场号仍然出现此提示,请检查您所选择的学校是否正确,例如澳门科技大学哲学系,您需要选择哲学系。

以上功能都已尝试仍然无法找到,99宿舍的小伙伴们也无能为力了!

6、注意:本功能不支持找回口语准考证号。

填写完毕后,点击提交!

系统提示准考证号,准考证号找回。选择查分入口,即可查到成绩!

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篇12:英语写作素材:中国环保经济

全文共 1125 字

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导语:不论从何种角度,环保都是当代世界发展不可忽视的一环。它也不再仅仅是一种措施和行动,而是一种经济行为,并带动了一系列相关的产业。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的说明中国发展环保经济的状况的英语句子,欢迎阅读与借鉴,谢谢!

1. While developing its economy, China will handle properly the relationship among the population, natural resources and the environment.

2. The Chinese government pays great attention to environmental problems arising from Chinas population growth and economic development.

3. China relies on improving supervision, management and technological progress to promote environmental protection.

4. Land, arable land in particular, should be used reasonably and economically. Strong measures will be taken to strengthen the building of the urban environmental infrastructure, regulate industrial structure and lay-out, shun the unpromising way of pollution first, treatment afterwards, and strengthen prevention and control of the pollution in major river valleys to ensure the security of the drinking water of the inhabitants.

【参考译文】

1、中国在发展经济的同时,将处理好的人口之间的关系,自然资源和环境。

2、中国政府高度关注中国人口增长和经济发展所带来的环境问题。

3、中国依靠强化监督管理和技术进步,促进环境保护。

4、土地,特别是耕地,应该合理和经济地使用。将采取强有力的措施来加强城市环境基础设施建设,调整产业结构和布局,避免“先污染,后治理的工作方式,加强预防和控制主要河流污染以确保居民饮用水安全。

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篇13:2024最新中考议论文写作基础指导

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当你还在上幼儿园的时候,有一天,亲戚上你家来玩,一个亲戚摸着你的头,笑呵呵地问你:“家里你最喜欢谁啊?”你眨巴眨巴眼睛,想了想,回答道:“我最喜欢奶奶。”亲戚又问道: “为什么你最喜欢奶奶呀?”你想了想,又回答道:“因为奶奶从来不打我不骂我,还一直在家陪我,给我做很多好吃的。”“那你喜欢爸爸妈妈吗?”“不喜欢,我一有点错,他们就打我骂我,还经常加班,很少有时间陪我。”

你知道吗?你小时候这段与亲戚的对话,就是一场不折不扣的“交流”,而且你在回答亲戚的问题时,无意中口述了一篇小型的“议论文”——有论点,有论据,有论证。

一、议论文三要素:论点、论据、论证

论点——论点就是作者对事物的看法,也叫观点。在议论文中它可用一句既简洁又具有明确态度的句子来表达,就如上文中你回答亲戚的第一句话——“我最喜欢奶奶。”言简意赅,态度明确,不模棱两可,不转弯抹角,这就是论点。

论据——有了观点,还必须要有证明你观点的根据,这样,你的观点才站得住脚,才具有说服力。这些能证明你观点的依据就叫做论据。论据一般有两种——事实论据和道理论据,就是人们常说的“摆事实,讲道理”。上文你回答亲戚的第二句话其实就是事实论据。但如果是要写较为正规的议论文的话,事实论据应选用名人事例、确凿的数据和可靠的史实等,而不能用诸如“我就是这样做的”、“我的同学就是这样一个人”等,因为你和你同学的例子没有那些名人来得有说服力,不具有代表性。还有一种论据是道理论据,一般指的是一些名言警句、谚语格言,当然,作者自己很有说服力的一些逻辑推理和分析总结也可以作为道理论据。

论证——论证是运用论据来证明论点的过程和方法,是论点和论据之间的纽带。如果说论点是解决“需要证明什么”,论据是解决“用什么来证明”,那么论证就是解决“如何来证明”。

初中阶段我们常用的论证方法有三种:举例论证(也叫例证法)、引用论证(也叫引证法)和对比论证。

举例论证就是用事实论据证明论点的过程和方法,上文“因为奶奶从来不打我不骂我,还一直在家陪我,给我做很多好吃的”,就是运用了举例论证的论证方法,证明了“我最喜欢奶奶”的论点。

引用论证是运用名言警句等道理论据来证明论点的过程和方法,如我们常用“xx名人曾说过这样一句话”来证明自己的观点。

对比论证则是通过意义相反的两个事例来证明自己观点的准确性,如上文例子中最后那句“不喜欢,我一有点错,他们就要打我骂我,还经常加班,很少有时间陪我”就是运用了对比论证的论证方法来证明“我最喜欢奶奶”的观点。

二、议论文的基本结构

1、提出问题(引论部分):

用来提出中心论点或论题(讨论的话题)。这个部分我们应该开门见山、直截了当地把自己的观点亮出来,让人能一眼明白你的观点是什么。

2、分析问题(本论部分):

这是文章的主体部分,用来分析论证引论中提出的论点或论题。这部分就是用你准备好的论据来证明你的观点的论证过程。论据不要太单一,否则成为孤证就没多大说服力了,所以平时多积累些古今中外的名人事例和名人名言,对你写议论文是非常有帮助的。

3、解决问题(结论部分):

这部分主要用来作全文的总结、下结论,揭示和深化文章的中心。你可以在这里再次重申和强调你的观点,发出呼吁和号召。

以上是议论文写作最基本的一些要素和知识,我们可以就某些话题进行讨论后,尝试着将自己的观点写成一篇具有以上议论文元素的文章。相信经过一定的训练后,你会写出像模像样的议论文来。

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篇14:超实用高三英语话题写作素材---旅游

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铭仁园高三话题类作文常用短语与句型荟萃(一)----旅游&交通

本话题主要包括:1.旅游;2.描述一次旅程;

针对本话题,高考命题人员可能会从以下角度来命题。

1.描述个人旅游经历 2. 谈旅行中的不文明现象 3 .太空旅游、生态旅游 4.度假方式的变化及其原因5.旅游计划的拟订、准备及注意事项 一、话题常用单词

1. travel/journey/trip/tour n.旅游,旅行 16. a group/organized tour n. 团体游

2. travel agency n. 旅行社 17. a self-driving tripn. 自驾游

3. guiden. 向导,导游 18. destinationn. 目的地

4. flight ticketn. 机票 19. sceneryn. 风景,景色

5. passport n. 护照 20. disadvantage n. 不利条件

6. visan.签证 21. insurancen. 保险

7. identity card(ID) 身份证 22. interesting/ funny/ exciting adj 有趣的

8. tent n. 帐篷 23. enjoyable令人愉快的

9. camp n&vi. 露营 24. memorable 令人难忘的

10. hoteln. 旅馆 25. attractive/fascinatingadj 迷人的

11. necessity n. 必需品 26. boring/dull/tiringadj.无聊的

12. schedule n. 计划表,日程表 27. well-organized adj 组织有序的

13. tourist attractions/places of interest 28. convenient adj 方便的,便利的 /scenic spots/sights旅游景点 29. crowded adj 拥挤的

14. DIY tour n. 自助游 30. severe/seriousadj 严重的 15. space tourism n. 太空旅游

二、话题常用短语

1. go on a wildlife tour/a hiking trip

参加野生动物之旅/去远足

2. be on holiday/a trip to sp 去某地度假/旅行

3. see sb off 送行

4. pay a visit to sp/sb 参观某地/拜访某人

5. show sb around 带领某人参观

6. set out/off 出发,启程

7. check in 登记住宿

8. check out 结账退房

9. have a good time/enjoy oneself/have fun 玩的开心

10. broaden one’s horizon/mind 开拓视野

11. eich one’s knowledge丰富知识

11. experience foreign culture 体验国外的文化

12. join a tour group参加旅游团 三、话题常用句型

1. He who travels far knows much. 远行者见闻多。

2. Travelling can eich our knowledge.旅游可以丰富我们的知识。

3. Travelling enables us to learn a lot that we cannot get from books 旅游可以使我们学到很多在书本上学不到的东西。

4. It’s my pleasure to tell you how to get to the Great Wall. 我很乐意告诉你如何到达长城。

5. Welcome to Sichuan. I feel it an honor to be your guide. 欢迎来到四川。我很荣幸能够担任你的导游。

6. I will keep you company to visit numerous places of interest.我将陪你去参加许多的名胜古迹

7. A visit to Sichuan will be an unforgettable experience. 到四川旅行将会令人难忘。

8. There are many places of interest in Sichuan, such as…四川有很多名胜古迹,比如…

9. Sichuan is rich in tourist attractions and enjoys many world-famous places of interest.

四川有很多景点,并且享有很有世界著名的名胜古迹。

10. However, travelling may cause some problems. 然而,旅行可能会造成一些问题。

11. Great changes have taken place in the ways that people spend their holidays in the past decades. 在近几十年内,人们的度假方式已经发生了巨大的变化。

四、佳作欣赏

nick,将于八月来四川旅游,特来询问,有关旅游景点的情况,请根据,提供的要求写封回信,表示盼望他的到来

要点:1.旅游资源:许多世界著名的风景名胜,如九寨沟(海子:清澈见底,色彩斑斓);都

江堰水利工程(2000年的历史,仍发挥作用) 2.相关信息: 气侯适宜,交通方便。

Dear Nick,

Im glad to hear that youre coming to Sichuan in August. Youve made the wise choice to travel here. Sichuan Province is rich in tourist attractions and enjoys many world-famous places of interest, such as Jiuzhaigou and Dujiangyan Irrigation Projcet.

Jiuzhaigou is well known for its beautiful lakes, of which the water is clear and looks colorful. It can excite visitors imagination. Another attraction is Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. It was built over 2,000 years ago and is still playing an important part in irrigation today. Besides, the nice weather and convenient transportation here can make your trip more enjoyable. Im sure youll have a good time. Im looking forward to your coming.

假设你是李华,父母答应你今年高三毕业后去美国进行为期10天的观光旅游。请你给美国网友Lucy 写一封电子邮件,咨询以下事情:1. 不随团旅游的食宿、交通等问题。2. 必看景点与时间安排 3. 邀请她到中国观光。

Dear Lucy

How are you doingMy parents have just promised me to make a 10-day tour of America after my graduation from senior high school this summer, which will be a good chance for me to experience American culture and practice my oral English.

As I don’t like to join a tour group, could you please offer me some advice on where to stay, what to eat and how to travel in such a short timeI would appreciate it if you could tell the must-see attractions and the time arrangement. Your advice will surely make my visit enjoyable and worthwhile.

Welcome to China at your convenience. Looking forward to your early reply.

范文二:文明旅游

有些旅游景点的文物景观遭到了严重的破坏,致使最近文明旅游的倡议越来越受重视,因此就“游客可付费在仿造长城上涂写留言”发表看法。

内容包括:(1)谈谈对某些人喜欢在旅游景点随便涂鸦留言的看法;

(2)对专门修一段仿造城墙让游客付高价留言的做法你是赞成还是反对,并简要陈述你的理由。

It is reported that tourists to China’s Great Wall can now leave their mark on a fake(伪造的) wall recently built near the real wall in Badaling if they pay 999 yuan.

In China, many visitors have the hobby of carving graffiti on places of interest, especially on some famous cultural relics. Last year I went to the Great Wall and found many people had left names and ugly words on the Wall, which destroys many historic bricks. In my opinion, such people should feel ashamed of leaving their marks on the great relics which were created by our ancestors.

So personally, I quite agree with this brilliant project though it has caused criticism from some people. The Great Wall would be ruined one day if we didn’t take any steps to protect it. The fake wall is a really good idea because it will protect our relics as well as making profits from the project

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篇15:优秀英语写作素材:万圣节

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万圣节又叫诸圣节,在每年的10月31日,是西方的传统节日。以下是关于万圣节的英语素材,供大家参考。

11月1日万圣节英文:Hallowmas,南瓜是万圣节的代表。

10月31日是万圣夜英文:Halloween,华语地区常将万圣夜称为万圣节。

Halloween is a holiday celebrated on October 31. By tradition, Halloween begins after sunset. Long ago, people believed that witches gathered together and ghosts roamed the world on Halloween. Today, most people no longer believe in ghosts and witches. But these supernatural beings are still a part of Halloween.

万圣节前夜是在10月31日庆祝的一个节日,根据传统,万圣节前夜的庆祝活动从太阳落山开始。在很久以前,人们相信在万圣节前夜女巫会聚集在一起,鬼魂在四处游荡。现在,大多数人们不再相信有鬼魂和女巫的存在了,但是他们仍然把这些作为万圣节前夜的一部分。

The colors black and orange are also a part of Halloween. Black is a symbol for night and orange is the color of pumpkins. A jack-o’-lantern is a hollowed-out pumpkin with a face carved on one side. Candles are usually placed inside, giving the face a spooky glow.

黑色和橙色仍然是万圣节前夜的一部分,黑色是夜晚的象征,而橙色代表着南瓜。南瓜灯是用雕刻成脸型,中间挖空,再插上蜡烛的南瓜做成的,带来一个毛骨悚然的灼热面孔。

Dressing up in costumes is one of the most popular Halloween customs, especially among children. According to tradition, people would dress up in costumes (wear special clothing, masks or disguises) to frighten the spirits away.

盛装是最受欢迎的万圣节风俗之一,尤其是受孩子们的欢迎。按照传统习俗,人们会盛装(穿戴一些特殊的服饰,面具或者装饰)来吓跑鬼魂。

Popular Halloween costumes include vampires (creatures that drink blood), ghosts (spirits of the dead) and werewolves (people that turn into wolves when the moon is full).

流行的万圣节服装包括vampires(吸血鬼),ghosts(死者的灵魂)和werewolves(每当月圆时就变成狼形的人)。

Trick or Treating is a modern Halloween custom where children go from house to house dressed in costume, asking for treats like candy or toys. If they dont get any treats, they might play a trick (mischief or prank) on the owners of the house.

欺骗或攻击是现代万圣节的风俗。孩子们穿着特殊的衣服走街串巷,讨取糖果和玩具之类的赏赐。如果他们得不到任何的赏赐,就可能会对屋主大搞恶作剧或者胡闹了。

The tradition of the Jack o Lantern comes from a folktale about a man named Jack who tricked the devil and had to wander the Earth with a lantern. The Jack o Lantern is made by placing a candle inside a hollowed-out pumpkin, which is carved to look like a face.

南瓜灯的传统来自于一个民间传说。一个名叫Jack的人戏弄了恶魔,之后就不得不提着一盏灯在地球上流浪。南瓜灯是用雕刻成脸型,中间挖空,再插上蜡烛的南瓜做成的。

There are many other superstitions associated with Halloween. A superstition is an irrational idea, like believing that the number 13 is unlucky!

和万圣节有关的迷信还有很多。迷信是一种不合常理的想法,比如认为13是不吉利的数字!

Halloween is also associated with supernatural creatures like ghosts and vampires. These creatures are not part of the natural world. They dont really exist... or do they?

万圣节还和一些诸如鬼魂和吸血鬼之类的超自然的生物有关。这些生物不是自然界的一部分。他们实际上是不存在的......或许他们其实真的存在?

Witches are popular Halloween characters that are thought to have magical powers. They usually wear pointed hats and fly around on broomsticks.

女巫是万圣节很受欢迎的人物,人们认为她们具有强大的魔力。他们通常戴着尖顶的帽子,骑在扫把上飞来飞去。

Bad omens are also part of Halloween celebrations. A bad omen is something that is believed to bring bad luck, like black cats, spiders or bats.

恶兆也是万圣节庆祝活动的一部分。人们相信恶兆会带给坏运气,黑猫、蜘蛛或者蝙蝠都算是恶兆。

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篇16:议论文写作方法有哪些

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议论文是以议论为主要表达方式,通过摆事实,讲道理,直接表达作者的观点和主张的常用文体。下面是小编整理的议论文写作方法,欢迎阅读参考!

一、议论文知识

1、特点:以议论为主要表达方式,可兼用其他表达方式;以鲜明的态度表明观点或主张;以充分的材料证明其观点或主张。

2、要素:论点--对所论述的问题所持的观点态度;论据--对论点进行证明的材料依据;论证--用论据证明论点的过程和方法。

3、分类:立论,从正面阐述其观点,驳论,对反面论点进行驳斥,确立其正确的观点。

4、结构:基本结构,引论,本论,结论,论证结构,并列式,对照式,总分式,

5、方法:例证法,引证法,喻证法,类比法,对比法。引申法。

例证法:运用典型事例证明论点。

引证法:引用经典或名言、谚语等证明论点。

喻证法:借助形象的比喻来说明论点。

类比法:用另一同类事物或事例比较说明论点。

对比法:用反向例子或事理比较说明论点。

二、议论文常见模式

第一种:总分式(或称总分总式)

论说文的全文总体结构一般都是这种结构模式。论证方法一般都要在中心论点的统率下,确立几个从属于中心的,即为阐述中心论点服务的分论点,然后通过对分论点的逐一阐述,使中心论点得到深刻有力的证明。因而论说文全文结构,往往是"总--分--总"式。议论文几乎篇篇皆是这种结构模式。

第二种,并列式(又叫板块组合式)

并列式结构特点是,论证的层次作横向展开,分论点之间的关系是开列的,也就是分论点从不同角度、不同的侧面对中心论点或论述的中心问题展开论证,使文章呈现出一种多管齐下、齐头并进的格局。并列式的各个分论点,其先后次序有时可以前后互换;它们看起来是各自独立的,其实是紧密相关不可分割的一个整体。

例文:

细节的魅力

有一种颇为流行的话,看历史要看大势,看形势要看主流,看人物要看大节。这自然没错。但小事、细节也以其生动、直观、真实的特点而显得更鲜活,更有魅力,为人所喜闻乐见,津津乐道,而且也可由小见大,见微知著。

细节可定胜负。中日甲午海战前,日本间谍化装到中国军舰上侦察。当时,中国的军舰在吨位、数量、火力上都胜于日本,举国上下一片陶醉,以为中日海战,中方必胜无疑。可是中国军舰的炮塔上居然横七竖八晾着短裤、袜子,日本间谍就把这细节写在情报中,并分析道:这是一支纪律松弛,管理混乱的军队,人会有强大战斗力。果然,海战一开,中方惨败,几乎全军覆没,先进的军舰也都成了日军的战利品。

细节可知兴衰。抗日战争期间,华侨领袖陈嘉庚率团到国内访问,他先到国统区,国民x用一顿800大洋的盛宴来款待;他后到延安,毛xx则用几元钱的家常便饭为他接风。一奢一简,使他看清了国民x"前方吃紧,后方紧吃"不可挽回的腐x堕落,看清了共产党同仇敌忾、艰苦抗战的勃勃生机。从此,他认定中国的前途就寄托在中国共产党身上,于是,就坚定不移地站在中国共产党一边,成为中国共产党的朋友和中国革命胜利的见证。

细节可见精神。提到雷锋,人们会想起他那补了又补的袜子。他给敬老院送去的一块月饼;提到孔繁森,就会想起他去世后口袋中仅有的八元六角钱;提到朱德,就会想起井冈山上他的挑粮扁担;提到贺龙,就会想起长征路上的金色鱼钩……这些英雄伟人做过的大事,说过的名言,人们可能记不清了,可是,他们的一些生活细节却会让后人永远难忘,他们的伟大精神也就通过这些不起眼的细节永驻人心。

细节是华美乐章的一个音符,细节是鸿篇巨制的一个单词,细节是万顷波涛中的一朵浪花,细节是万仞高山上的一个石子。"一滴水可映出太阳光辉",欣赏细节,把玩细节,会发现,小小细节,魅力无穷。

评:本文中间三个分论点之间的关系是并列的。它们从不同的角度、不同侧面对中心论点"细节有魅力"阐述其理由--为什么?

第三种:递进式

递进式的结构特点是分论点之间的关系不断递进。论证的层次向纵深展开,一层比一层深入地提示论题的内涵,使中心论点得到深刻的阐发,其作用是分析透彻,说理深刻。它们的先后次序一般是不可以互换的。意思是一层一层先后蝉联的。

例文

诗意地生活

07年高考湖南考生

太阳每天东升西落,行人每天匆匆而过,我们都在看似平静的生活里奋力的拼搏。若说诗意地生活,在我看来并非海明威仰望乞力马扎罗之雪时的浪漫,不是梭罗独居瓦尔登湖畔的寂寞。而是在纷繁现世之中,留一方净土种理想,然后一刻不停去奋斗,直到收获人生一片金黄麦田。

理想。是第一层境界;"独上高楼,望断天涯路。"是理想点燃星星之火,是理想洗去茫茫尘埃,是理想让我们一眼望断天涯,开始追寻之旅。泰戈尔曾说:"我诗中的天堂正是我心中的理想。"正是心中有理想才会奋力去追诗意的天堂。诗意地生活,首先要有一个理想,不论它是黯淡还是光辉,也不论它是渺小还是伟大,若无理想,春天的繁花如何盛开出绚烂,夏日的星辰如何闪烁银辉,人生之路,如何扬帆起航,冲得一片诗情?

奋斗。是第二层境界:"衣带渐宽终不悔,为伊消得人憔悴。"柳永在《风》中诉说对伊人的思念,生活的诗意,等待奋斗去实现理想。现出中,诗意地生活,便是拿起奋斗的斧劈开理想的石,卷起千层浪来比万丈豪情。昔秦始皇定下一统天下的理想,便每一步稳扎稳打,步步为营北击匈奴收复河套,南制百越,收为象郡。奋斗的脚步一刻都不曾停止,终于待得麾灭六国,横扫中原的壮观场面。奋斗让理想熠熠生辉,让人生之路越走越宽,承起生命不可承受之重,潇洒自由,踌躇满志,擎起人生一片艳阳天。这等人生,谁人敢说不诗意?

收获。是第三层境界:"蓦然回首,那人却在灯火阑珊处。"当奋斗之泉灌理想之田,秋天,便是收获的季节。这一片金黄的麦田,折射出一段闪亮的人生之路。且不论这"麦田"是大是小,也不说这收获是否等值付出,只要是收获,便已是一种结果,成功了便收获鲜花与掌声,失败了,便收获一段经验几多教训,然后从头再来。就像国学大师季羡林曾说:"活一世,就像作一首诗,你的成功与失败都是那片片诗情,点点诗意。"收获,是收获理想,收获奋斗,收获一段诗意的人生。

我们的生活虽不似李白"人生得意须尽欢,千金散尽还复来"的豪迈,但理想让它明亮,奋斗让它真实,收获让它有一片金黄的款款诗意。

用执着打破命运的锁,让生活活出诗意,种下理想,不懈奋斗,相信终会有"雁引秋心去,山衔好月来"的收获。

评:本文运用层进式。中间三级理想、奋斗、收获一层层深入,先后层次不可互换,另外,本文文采斐然,诗意盎然,"拿起奋斗的斧辟开理想的石"等比喻句用得新颖贴切。三是材料新鲜,积累丰厚,文章用到的材料,古今中外不下10处。

第四种对比式(论证结构)

对比式论证,指文章从正面和反面取材、论证,也即"应该怎样"、不应该怎样"--各层次既独立又相互支撑,全方位地对问题进行论述。

例文:

宽恕别人,就是解放自己

当一只脚踏在紫罗兰的花瓣上时,它却将余香味留在了那只脚上。这就是宽恕。

一个精神病人闯进了一位医生的家里,开枪射杀了他三个花样年华的女儿;他却仍为精神病人治好了病。这也是宽恕。

多一份宽恕,多一位朋友。多一份仇恨,多一个敌人。

宽恕别人,就是善待自己,仇视别人就是仇视自己。

宽恕别人,就是解放自己,心灵一片纯净。

评:作者没去论述宽恕的必要性,重要性等等,而是紧紧围绕着"选择",反反复复地说出"选择宽恕"的好处,和"选择仇恨"的恶果。通过一次次的对比论证,让人接受"宽恕"的心灵选择,而抛弃"仇恨"的心态。

第五种,启感式(论证结构)

启是启示类,感是感想类。共同特点是先叙材料,后发感想。感想类还可边读边感,如文学评论。根据材料写议论文的基本写法是先叙材料后发感想。这种写法由"引""证""联""结"四步构成

例文:

可以填平鸿沟

某校高二(1)学生暑假想承包一个冰柜,既可尝到课本外的知识又可减轻家里经济负担,但良好的想法、一腔的热情得不到父母的理解,因而伤心已极,离家出走。从这件事中,我们可以清楚地看到,父母与孩子之间思想上已出现了一道鸿沟。由此我们不得不发出呼吁:两代之间应互相理解。

随着改革开放的深入,人们的观念也在不断更新。年轻的一代容易接受新事物新观念。他们的想法、做法都与上一代有着这样那样的不同,这时父母不应该一概否定他们甚至责骂他们。时代不同了,我们怎能要求孩子一成不变呢?作为父母,应与孩子多接触,多了解,不要让彼此的距离越拉越远,形成一道真正不可逾越的鸿沟。同样,作为孩子,也应设身处地地为父母着想。也许他们是有点守旧,不大能接受全新的东西,但他们是出于一片关心。记得报载一初中女学生成绩不好,常受父母责打,终因厌世而自杀。她死后,父母哭得死去活来。若她的父母真的不关心她,又怎会如此之伤心呢?因此,多与父母沟通,多告诉父母自己的想法,两代人的思想就会自然而然地融合在一起。

父母与子女之间存在思想上的差距,这已不是一个罕见的现象,为此而离家出走,弃世自杀的孩子时有所闻。唯今之计,父母所该做的是少一点严厉的批评、打骂,多一点真诚的关怀,而孩子则该多体贴父母,理解父母的心情,切不可轻易悲观厌世。

从一个中学生的离家出走,我们应该警惕,不可再让那条"沟"广大下去理解,理解与热忱,是填平它的唯一途径。鸿沟,是可以填平的,但需要两代人共同的努力。

本文为典型的"引--议--联--结"的结构形式。引材料,简明扼要;明观点,要言不烦;发议论,情理相生;联现实,有的放矢;作结论,善于照应。观点鲜明,结构严谨,标题形象,语言准确。

第六种:比喻式(论证结构)

比喻式认证,是一种用具体、生动、形象的事物作比喻来证明较抽象道理的论证方法。

例文:

象棋哲学

象棋,确实是一个富于智慧的发明。一盘棋就是一个小的规范社会,每个棋子都有自己的行为规范;车行线、马行日、象飞田、炮打隔山子,小卒子一去不复返……正因为各有各的行为规范,大家都按规矩办事,才使这个小社会有条有理,妙趣横生,使下棋的人百下不厌,其乐无穷。

下棋的人必须按棋的规矩办事,这是获得棋趣的前提,假如有人不讲究规矩,随心所欲,来邪的,要横的,这棋局就会乱了套,其中的乐趣也就烟消云散了。

规则是象棋的根本,在规则之内,下棋的人可以运用自己智慧,可以灵活地调兵遣将,一招一式都显示着自己的谋略和思考,因而在小小象棋盘中,在规则的基础上,任人想象,任人发挥,变化莫测,极为有趣。

象棋的基础是规则,规则的基础是公平。包括老将在内,都有严格的行为规范,并不折不扣地执行。

棋局中没有闲子,每个棋子都有自己明确的职责,或负责进攻,或负责守卫,或负责配合,总是各司其职,没有一个滥竽充数的。棋子一致对外,同仇敌忾,从不搞"窝里斗"不干勾心斗角,同室操戈的蠢事。为了大局的胜利,每个棋子都随时准备做出牺牲。……

这种棋局中的哲学已经超越了原始的竞技范畴,它暗示给世人的是谋生之道,为官之道。对于一个口口声声标榜热爱法制的社会,游戏规则就是平等,就是没有法外之外、权外之权,这一条适合于平民百姓,也适合于国家之首。

[议论文写作方法有哪些

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篇17:英语议论文作文:“Spring”

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SpringThere are four seasons in a year. They are spring, summer, autumn and winter. And every season has three months. I think every season is beautiful and I think spring is the

best season of the year! So I like spring very much. What about you?

When the weather become warm and sunny, everything comes to life again, they seem to tell us— spring has come . In much of China. Spring is usually very short. But the days get longer. It’s usually from March to May. Sometime it’s colder but it gets warmer. At spring times, In the fields everything begins to grow. Trees turn green, and flowers start to come out.

Spring can make people happy! If you do some sports at that time, you will join them. Like flying the kite, going fishing, going hiking and so on. It’s can make people happy and also can keep people healthy. I think it’s very interesting!Summer, full of vigor, is beautiful, but I think spring is more beautiful because it is a naivetest season.

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篇18:高考英语作文写作常用的47种高级句型

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导语:高考英语作文是高考英语中比较重要的一部分,下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理了优秀英语作文,欢迎阅读与借鉴,谢谢!

1) 主语+ cannot emphasize the importance of … too much.(再怎么强调……的重要性也不为过。)例如:We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.

2)There is no need for sb to do sth. for sth.(某人没有必要做……),例如:There is no need for you to bring more food. 不需你拿来更多的食物了。

3)By +doing…,主语can …. (借着……,……能够……),例如:By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy. 借着做运动,我们能够始终保持健康。

4) … enable + sb.+ to + do…. (……使……能够……),例如:Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed. 听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。

5) On no account can we + do…. (我们绝对不能……),例如:On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。

6) What will happen to sb.? (某人将会怎样?), 例如:What will happen to the orphan? 那个孤儿将会怎样?

7)For the past + 时间,主语 + 现在完成式…. (过去……年来,……一直……)例如:

For the past two years,I have been busy preparing for the examination. 过去两年来,我一直忙着准备考试。

8)It pays to + do….(……是值得的。)例如:It pays to help others. 帮助别人是值得的。

9)主语+ be based on….(以……为基础),例如:The progress of thee society is based on harmony.社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。

10)主语 + do one’s best to do….(尽全力去……),例如:We should do our best to achieve our goal in life.我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标

注意:“尽全力”在英语中有不同表达,例如:We should spare no effort/make every effort to beautify our environment.我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。

11)主语+ be closely related to …. (与……息息相关), 例如:Taking exercise is closely related to health.做运动与健康息息相关。

12) 主语+ get into the habit of + V-ing = make it a rule to + V (养成……的习惯),例如:We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。

Owing to/Thanks to sth… (因为……),例如:Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.因为他的鼓励,我终于实现我的梦想。

13)What a + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + be!= How +形容词+ a +名词+ be!(多么……!),例如: What an important thing it is to keep our promise!= How important a thing it is to keep our promise!遵守诺言是多么重要的事!

14)主语 + do good/ harm to sth.. (对……有益/有害),例如:Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益。Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。

15)主语 + have a great influence on sth. (对……有很大的影响),例如:Smoking has a great influence on our health.抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。

16) nothing can prevent us from doing…. (没有事情能够阻挡我们做……), 例如:All this shows that nothing can prevent us from reaching our aims.这显示了没有事情能够阻挡我们实现目标。

17) Upon / On doing…, …. (一……就…….) ,例如:Upon / On hearing of the unexpected news, he was so surprised that he couldn’t say a word. 一听到这个出乎意料的消息,他惊讶到说不出话来。

注意:此句型一般可以改为如下复合句句型,例如:As soon as he heard of the unexpected news, he was so surprised that he ….

Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining. 他刚来,她就开始抱怨。

No sooner had he arrived than it began to rain. 他刚来,就下雨了。

18) would rather do…than do…(宁愿……而不……), 例如:I would rather walk home than take a crowded bus. 我宁愿步行回家也不愿做拥挤的公交车。

注意:此句型可以改为prefer to do…rather than do…句型,例如:

I prefer to stay at home rather than see the awful film with him. 我宁愿呆在家也不愿意和他去看那部恐怖电影。

19) only + 状语, 主句部分倒装 例如:Only then could the work of reconstruction begin. 直到那时,重建工作才开始。

20) be worth doing (值得做),例如:The book is worth reading. 这本书值得读。

21)Owing to/Thanks to sth, …. (因为……),例如:Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.因为他的鼓励,我终于实现我的梦想。

以下为复合句高级句型:

22)主语+ is + the +形容词最高级+名词+(that)+主语+ have ever + seen(known / heard / had / read,etc)例如:Liu Yifei is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen in my life. 刘亦菲是我所看过最美丽的女孩。Mr. Liu is the kindest teacher that I have ever had. 刘老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。

注意,比较级也可以用来表达最高级的意思, 例如:I have never seen a more beautiful girl than Liu Yifei in my life. 在我生活中我从来没见过比刘亦菲更美的女孩。Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有比接受教育更重要的事。

23)There is no denying that + S + V….(不可否认的……),例如:There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.不可否认的,我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。There is no denying the fact that the new management method has greatly increased the production. 不可否认的事实是,新的管理方法已经极大提高了产量。

24)It is universally acknowledged that +从句(全世界都知道……),例如:It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。

注意,全世界都知道还可以改为以下句型:As is known to us/As we all know, …. (众所周知,……)。例如:As is known to us/As we all know, knowledge is power.众所周知,知识就是力量。

25)There is no doubt that +从句(毫无疑问的……),例如:There is no doubt that he came late. 毫无疑问,他来晚了。There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。 There is no doubt that you will be helped by others if you have any difficulties.毫无疑问,你有困难时,会得到别人的帮助。

26)(It is) No wonder that.... (难怪……),例如:No wonder that he fell asleep in class. 难怪他在课堂上睡着了。

27)So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 从句 (如此……以致于……),例如:So precious is time that we can’t afford to waste it.时间是如此珍贵,我们经不起浪费它。

28)形容词+ as +主语+ be,主语+ 谓语(虽然……),例如:Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.虽然我们的国家富有,我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。

29)The + 比较级 +主语+谓语, the +比较级+主语+谓语(愈……愈……),例如:The harder you work, the more progress you make. 你愈努力,你愈进步。The more books we read, the more learned we become.我们书读愈多,我们愈有学问。The more, the better. 越多越好。

30)It is time + 主语 + 过去式 (该是……的时候了)例如:It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。

注意:此句型可以转化为简单句句型:It is time for sth./for sb to do….例如:

It is time for lunch. 该吃午饭了。

It is time they were taught a lesson. 他们该接受教训了

31)To be frank/ To tell the truth, …. (老实说, ……) , 例如: To be frank/ To tell the truth, whether you like it or not, you have no other choice.老实说,不论你喜不喜欢,你别无选择。

32)it took him a year to do….( 他用了1年的时间来做……), 例如:As far as we know, it took him more than a year to write the book.到目前为止我们所知道的是,他用了1年的时间来写这本书。It took them a long time to realize they had made a mistake. 过了很久,他们才意识到犯错了。

33)spent as much time as he could doing sth.(花尽可能的时间做某事),例如:He spent as much time as he could remembering new words. 他花了尽可能多时间记新单词。

34)Since + 主语 + 过去式,主语 + 现在完成式,例如:Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.自从他上高中,他一直很用功。

35)An advantage of… is that + 句子 (……的优点是……),例如:An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won’t create (produce) any pollution. 使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。

36) It was not until recently that….( 直到最近, ……) ,例如:It was not until recently that the problem was solved. 直到最近这个问题才被解决。

37) We will be successful as long as we…. (只要我们……,我们就会成功的) ,例如:We will be successful as long as we insist on working hard.只要我们坚持努力工作,我们会成功的。

38) No matter + wh-从句,…, 例如:No matter how difficult English may be, you should do your best to learn it.不管英语有多么难,你都应该尽你最大的努力来学它。No matter what he asks you to do, please refuse him. 不管他让你做什么,请拒绝他。注意:此句型一般可以改为疑问词+ever引导的从句,+主句,例如:Whatever he asks you to do, please refuse him.

39)It’s useless/ no good / no use doing sth. (做……是没有用的) , 例如:It’s no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。

40)It’s + a shame / nice/ kind + to do (做.....真惭愧/好),例如:It’s a shame to lose the match. 输了比赛,真惭愧!It’s nice of you to tell me the truth. 你太好了,告诉我真相。It’s your turn to look after the young trees. 该你照顾这些小树了。

41)It is obvious/clear that + 从句 (…是明显的),例如:It is obvious that knowledge plays an important role in our life.可想而知,知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。

注意:此句型中it是形式主语,其后谓语可以有不同变化。例如:

It’s certain that he will win the election. 他肯定会赢得选举。

It is true that we must make our greater efforts; otherwise we cannot catch up with the developed countries.是真的,我们要作出更大的努力,不然/否则,我们不能赶上发达国家。

It is hard to imagine how Edison managed to work twenty hours each day.很难想象爱迪生每天是怎样工作20小时的。

It’s hard to say whether the plan is practical.这个计划是否实际很难说。

It is a common saying that where there is a will ,there is a way.俗话说,有志者,事竟成。

It must be pointed out that it is one of our basic State policies to control population growth while raising the quality of the population. 一定要指出的是国家基本政策之一是在提高人口质量的同时控制人口增长。

It must be kept in mind that there is no secret of success but hard work. 一定要记住的是成功的秘密是努力的工作。

It can be seen from this that there is no difficulty in the world we cannot overcome.从这里可看出,世上没有克服不了的困难。

It has been proved that his theory is right.已经证明,他的理论是对的。

42)It is/ was ….that… (强调句型), 例如:It was on the desk that you put your book. 你把书放桌子上了。It was the doctor that inquired what had happened. 医生询问了发生的事情。

43)I don’t think / feel/ suppose that… (否定前移),例如:

I don’t think that we shall finish it on time. 我认为我们不能按时完成(工作)。

44)The reason why + 从句 is that + 从句 (……的原因是……),例如:

The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.

The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。

The reason why the river is polluted is that the factory has poured much waste into it.这条河受污染的原因是那家工厂向里倾到了很多垃圾。

注意:表示原因还可用以下句型。请比较:That is the reason why …. (那就是……的原因),例如:Summer is very hot. That is the reason why I don’t like it.夏天很热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。

45)It will (not) + 时间段 + before…(……需要很长时间), 例如:It will be a long time before everything returns to normal. 一切恢复正常需要很长时间。

46) I think / feel/ find it + important/ our duty + to do… (我发觉做……重要/是我的责任),例如:I feel it our duty to help the old. 我觉得帮助老人是我们的职责。

47)Those who…. (……的人……),例如:Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。

注意:此句型还可以转化为one/a person who…, 例如:

As the saying goes, nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.俗话说,世上无难事,只怕有心人。In a certain sense, a successful scientist is a person who is never satisfied with what he has achieved.在某种情况下,一个成功的科学家就是一个绝不满足于自己已取得的成就的人。

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篇19:议论文的写作技巧

全文共 2450 字

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议论文又叫说理文,它是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表意见、提出主张的文体。下面是小编收集的议论文的写作技巧,欢迎阅读。

根据笔者近两年参加高考作文阅卷的体会,发现这样两个有意思的现象:一是绝大多数考生写的是议论文,二是绝大多数的议论文不像议论文。主要表现是:1、议论文结构不合体。如开头不提出论点,中间只写几个论据,而不分析,更没有分论点;甚至在列举论据时,还出现了大量的语言描写和心理描写。2、思路不合逻辑。如开头提出的议论文论点是“干什么事都要三思而行”,按逻辑思路,接下来的论证应主要围绕“为什么要三思而行”来展开,即三思而行的重要性,或者三思而行能够带来的好结果;但是有的学生却重点在写“三思而行是什么”或者“怎样三思而行”,让人感到别扭。3、议论文论点和议论文论据之间缺乏必要的粘连,即通常所说的有述无论,有据无析。为此,笔者认为高中议论文,必须走好以下三步,即结构合体,思路入格,粘连有术。

一、议论文的结构合体

议论文,分析事实,论证道理,当然要遵循一定的思维规律;这种思维规律反映在文章的外部形态上,就是具有一定体式的文章的结构。怎样写议论文才算“合体”呢?

一是根据议论问题的一般思维模式,应当是按“提出问题、分析问题、解决问题”( 或曰“引论”、“本论”、“结论”) 三大块构成。“提出问题 ”即在议论文开头一般要鲜明地提出中心论点,“分析问题”即在文章的中间要围绕中心论点展开分析论证,“解决问题”即在文章的结尾部分或者得出综合性结论, 或者提出前瞻性希望等。这一点,众所周知,兹不赘述。

二是分析问题即本论部分,要按一定的向度分层展开论述。所谓“向度”即论述展开的方向。这个“向度”有四个: 是什么,为什么,怎么样,何果。一般情况下, 一篇中学生议论文作文,其本论部分只要从这四个向度中选择一个或者两个展开即可。但无论是从哪个向度展开, 其分论点之间都要形成一定的联系。一般来说,有并列式、递进式和对照式三种。

所谓并列式,就是围绕中心从同一个向度列出几个分论点,逐一论证。如果仅仅围绕一个向度写,那么几个分论点之间的关系大多是并列关系 。例如:议论文范文1(请点击浏览该议论文范文)

递进式同并列式结构相比,除了论点之间的意义联系不同以外,其段落的结构模式与并列式相同,就不再说了。

所谓对照式,就是从论题的正反两个方面入手,进行正反对比论证得出结论。其优点是结构简洁,论证充分,容易上手。最简单的对照式是在提出观点后,一段从正面论证观点,一段从反面论证观点,最后得出结论。还有一种对照式结构是在正面进行论述或者摆出论据后,紧接着用转折或者假设的方式从反面展开论述。例如:议论文范文2(请点击浏览该议论文范文)

二、思路入格

议论文是论述问题的,当然要有一定的思路,即议论文各部分之间要有必然的内在联系。我们知道,议论文是论证问题的,你在提出议论文论点后,就要摆事实,讲道理,让你提出的论点令人信服地确立起来。因此,中心论点和各分论点之间就应当是因果联系,即中心论点是“果”,分论点是“因”。这个因果联系就是议论文的思路之“格”。

作为一个高中生的议论文作文,最起码要做到在中心论点和各分论点之间 ,论点和论据之间要有一定的因果联系。

学生提出中心论点后,只要围绕中心论点问一个“为什么”,就能找到提出分论点的方向。如中心论点是“只有坚守,才能使人的思想品德升华,才能成就一番事业”。稍加分析,就可发现这个观点是在说“坚守”的重要性,于是,分论点就要回答“为什么坚守很重要”这个问题。那么就可从“为什么”和“何果”这两个向度来立分论点。如“坚守是一种执着,使绝望变成希望”,“坚守是一种信念,使普通变得高尚”,“坚守是一种职责,使平凡变得伟大”。如果我们要检验这三个分论点和中心论点之间有没有必然的内在联系的话,只需在这三个分论点之前加上“因为”,在“坚守很重要”之前加上“所以”,再连起来念一下即可。

同样,分论点和议论文的论据之间,也应当是因果联系。如在“坚守是一种职责,使平凡变得伟大”这个分论点后面,就可这样展开论述:“边防战士的坚守,使国家安定祥和;人民教师的坚守,使桃李满天下;白衣天使的坚守,使病魔为之屈服。”又如在“自由是思想的漫飞”这个分论点下可以这样展开论述:“行动可以受制于客观现实,思想却永远享受绝对的自由。有了这份思想的自由,才有了集豪放与浪漫于一身的诗仙李白;才有了身陷囹圄还在感叹‘故国不堪回首月明中’的落魄后主李煜;才有了向往‘面朝大海,春暖花开’的天才诗人海子。总之,因为这份思想的自由,社会才会在其牵引之下不断地进步,才会创造出一个个永载史册的人类奇迹。”

三、粘连有术

一篇像样的议论文,除了议论文的结构合体、思路入格外,还有更重要的一个方面,就是对论点的恰当阐述和对论据的中肯分析;没有这样的阐述和分析,议论文论点论据就不能粘连起来,而这个粘连是有“术”的。

(一) 观点+过渡+事例+分析

这个步骤中最重要的是“过渡”和“分析”。所谓“过渡”就是要在观点和事例之间,用适当的词句来勾连,以接通文气,使观点和议论文材料在语言形式上畅通无阻。所谓“分析”,就是事例叙述完之后,还必须对事例进行适当的分析评论,指出其本质特点,使事例和论点在内容上联结在一起。例如:议论文范文3(请点击浏览该议论文范文)

(二) 观点+过渡+论据+分析+归纳

这种议论文论证方式就是在第一种的基础上加了一个“归纳”。所谓归纳,就是从多个事例中提炼出必然性的东西。既然要从多个事例中提炼,那么,“论据”部分,就应是两个或三个以上。例如:议论文范文4(请点击浏览该议论文范文)

(三) 一般道理+个别道理

即“演绎推理法”。前面的分析归纳是从个别到一般,而演绎推理法是从一般到个别,用普遍性的真理(论据)来证明特殊的论点的方法。例如:议论文范文5(请点击浏览该议论文范文)

如果完成了以上三步走,大概就能写出像样的议论文了。(摘自《语文教学与研究》2007.6,原文:“议论文写作的三步走” 作者 张海德)

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篇20:2024中考英语写作指导:核心句型

全文共 2842 字

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导语:写英语作文是有规律可循的,你记住了一些英语句型,就可以直接套用。下面是yjbys作文网小编为您收集整理的资料,希望对您有所帮助。

1.welcometosp欢迎到某地

Eg.WelcometoChina。

2.What’sthematterwithsb./sth?

出什么毛病了?

Eg.What’sthematterwithyourwatch?

3.bedifferentfrom与---不同

Eg.TheweatherinBeijingisdifferentfromthatofNanjing。

4.bethesameas与……相同

Eg.Histrousersarethesameasmine。

5.befriendlytosb。对某人友好

Eg.Mr.Wangisveryfriendlytous。

6.wanttodosth。想做某事

Eg.Iwanttogotoschool。

7.wantsb.todosth。想让某人做某事

Eg.Iwantmysontogotoschool。

8.whattodo做什么

Eg.Wedon’tknowwhattodonext。

9.letsb.dosth。让某人做某事

Eg.Lethimentertheroom。

10.letsb.notdosth。让某人不做某人

Eg.Lethimnotstandintherain。

11.whydon’tyoudosth?

怎么不做某事呢?=

Eg.Whydon’tyouplayfootballwithus?

12.whynotdosth.?怎么不做某事呢?

Eg.Whynotplayfootballwithus?

13.makesb.sth。为某人制造某物=

Eg.Myfathermademeakite。

14.makesthforsb。为某人制造某物

Eg.Myfathermadeakiteforme。

15.What…meanby…?

做……是什么意思?

Eg.Whatdoyoumeanbydoingthat?

16.likedoingsth。喜爱做某事

Eg.Jimlikesswimming。

17.liketodosth。喜爱做某事

Eg.Hedoesn’tliketoswimnow。

18.feellikedoingsth。想做某事

Eg.Ifeellikeeatingbananas。

19.wouldliketodosth。愿意做某事

Eg.Wouldyouliketogorowingwithme?

20.wouldlikesb.todosth。愿意某人做某事

Eg.I’dlikeyoutostaywithmetonight。

21.makesb.dosth。逼使某人做某事

Eg.Hisbrotheroftenmakeshimstayinthesun。

22.letsb.dosth。让某人做某事

Eg.Letmesingasongforyou。

23.havesb.dosth。使某人做某事

Eg.Youshouldn’thavethestudentsworksohard。

24.befarfromsp离某地远

Eg.Hisschoolisfarfromhishome。

25.beneartosp离某地近

Eg.Thehospitalisneartothepostoffice。

26.begoodatsth./doingsth。

擅长某事/做某事

Eg.WearegoodatEnglish。

Theyaregoodatboating。

27.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth。

某人花多少时间做某事

Eg.Ittookmemorethanayeartolearntodrawabeautifulhorseinfiveminutes。

28.sb.spendssometime/money(in)doingsth。

某人花多少时间做某事

Eg.Ispenttwentyyearsinwritingthenovel。

29.sb.spendssometime/moneyonsth。

某事花了某人多少时间/金钱

Eg.Jimspent1000yuanonthebike。

30.sth.costssb.somemoney。

某物花了某人多少钱

Eg.ThebikecostJim1000yuan。

31.sb.payssomemoneyforsth。

某人为某物付了多少钱

Eg.Jimpaid1000yuanforthebike。

32.begin/startwithsth。开始做某事

Eg.Thestartedthemeetingwithasong。

33.begoingtodosth。打算做某事

Eg.WearegoingtostudyinJapan。

34.callAB叫AB

Eg.TheycalledthevillageGumtree。

35.thanksb.forsth./doingsth。

感谢某人做某事

Eg.Thankyouforyourhelp。

Thankyouforhelpingme。

36.What……for?为什么

Eg.WhatdoyoulearnEnglishfor?

37.How/whataboutdoingsth.?

做某事怎么样?

Eg.Howaboutgoingfishing?

38.S+be+the+最高级+of/in短语=

Eg.Lucyisthetallestinherclass。

39.S+be+比较级+thananyother+n。

Eg.Lucyistallerthananyotherstudentinherclass。

40.havetodosth。不得不做某事

Eg.Ihavetogohomenow。

41.hadbetterdosth。最好做某事

Eg.You’dbetterstudyhardatEnglish。

42.hadbetternotdosth。最好别做某事

Eg.You’dbetternotstayup。

43.helpsb.todosth。帮助某人做某事

Eg.LucyoftenhelpsLilytowashherclothes。

44.helpsb.dosth。帮助某人做某事

Eg.HeusuallyhelpsmelearnEnglish。

45.helpsb.withsth。帮助某人做某事

Eg.Isometimeshelpmymotherwiththehousework。

46.makeit+时间把时间定在几点

Eg.Let’smakeit8:30.

47.takesb.tosp带某人到某地

Eg.Mr.WangwilltakeustotheSummerPalacenextSunday。

49.havenothingtodo(withsb)

与某人没有关系

Eg.Thathasnothingtodowithme。

50.主语+don’tthink+从句

认为……不……

Eg.Idon’tthinkitwillraintomorrow。

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