成功需要勤奋英语（推荐20篇）

成功来自于勤奋。真正的成功在于自力努力完成某事后并做的很好，有成就感。这种成功需要勤奋。在许多竞争对手中鹤立鸡群，获得成就，也是成功。这种成功也需要勤奋。所以成功源于勤奋。

爱迪生曾说1%的灵感加99%的汗水=100%的成功。可见勤奋是成功的必要因素。孔子也说：“发奋忘食，乐以忘忧”。更表现出胜任教学生，教育勤奋的原因了。颜真卿也在《劝学》中写到：三更灯火五更鸡，正式男儿读书时。黑发不知勤学早，白首方悔读书迟。这不也说明了勤奋的重要吗?书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟。这句流传至今的谚语。更能说明勤奋对于成功的重要性。所以成功源于勤奋。

匡衡为读书，又因为家里没钱买灯油。就在与富人家之间的墙上，凿了一个洞。透过洞里的光看书。苏秦为读书更是头悬梁。董仲舒在家刻苦读书，后花园三年年仅去过一次。这样的勤奋不言而喻，后来他们都成功了。难道不能证明成功源于勤奋。

只有勤奋努力，才能赢得成功与认可。只要你有对功成名就的向往，持之以恒的努力下去，追求下去并永不罢休，就一定能成功。正如XX所言：如果放弃就等于失败，不放弃就有可能成功。只要我们拥有一颗向往成功的心与能持之以恒和拥有毅力的信力，就一定能成功，有梦勇敢去追。因为只有勤奋，才能成功。成功源于勤奋。

自力更生的意志力。艰苦奋斗的创造力，是创业的精神支柱，使我们叩开知识与成功的大门。

成功是非凡的傻劲，奋斗与恒心，与聪明无关。天才不代表成功，99%的汗水和1%的灵感才能铸就成功。

只有勤奋，才能成功。因为成功来自于勤奋。您想走成功的捷径吗?请试试勤奋。

勤奋铸造成功，人的天赋就像火花，可以熄灭，可以燃烧，而使它燃烧的办法只有一个，就是“勤奋”。大发明家爱迪生说过:“天才是百分之一的灵感加百分之九十九的汗水。”不错，正如他所说，若想成功，就要有多倍的付出和努力。

勤奋铸造成功，用个故事，来证明这个真理吧!爱迪生发明灯的故事，我想大家都听过，其实，早在1821年英国科学家就已经发明了一种叫电弧灯的灯，虽然能亮，但是寿命短，光线刺眼，耗电量也很大，所以，爱迪生就决定发明一个更好的电灯。于是他开始试验，可是他几乎试遍了所有的金属，做了上千次的试验，可是一次次的试验，一次次的失败。当时，许多科学家都认为爱迪生很可笑，甚至有些人居然讽刺他说，这是个梦，不会实现，可是爱迪生并没有因此放弃，反到认为一次次的失败，意味着又向成功走近了一步，后来，当爱迪生试用过6000多材料，试验了7000多次之后，终于发明了的炽灯!是啊，取得这样大的成功，是因为他的勤奋!如果当初他放弃了，退缩了，就不会有这一切了。所以，我坚信，勤奋铸造成功!

勤奋铸造成功。其实，还有很多勤奋的事例，比如：汉朝著名的儒家大师孙敬，头悬梁;战国有名的政治家苏秦，锥刺骨。西汉时知识渊博的经学家匡衡，凿壁偷光;晋代时勤奋好学的车胤，囊萤映雪。。。。。。这些名人，都是因为勤奋，而取得成功，这让我想到了自己。

勤奋铸造成功，那次，我终于体会到了这句话的含意，那是学校举办的运动会，当时我很兴奋地报了名，参加了长跑800米，可当我真正跑起来时却那么吃力，甚至坚持不下来，当我正要放弃时，突然想起一句话，让我顿时充满信心，鼓起勇气：一勤天下无难事，勤奋铸造成功。是啊，从古至今，有多少人不是因为勤奋而成功?三国时的吕蒙，近代数学家华罗庚等，都是用勤奋铸造了成功。后来，我便每天早起，跑步，不断坚持，每当想放弃时，就想想那句勤奋铸造成功，以此来激励自己。终于，到了比赛那天，我不再退缩，而是跃跃欲试，坚持了下来，取得最后的成功!

勤奋铸造成功，这是个不变得真理!让我们勤奋的火花，永远燃烧!让我们用勤奋铸成功!

总以为成功就像天上的星辰，可望而不可即；总以为成功就像海底的峡谷，可以想象却不能感受到。然而，那节物理课彻底改变了我的看法。

星期三，晚自习时，伴着清脆的铃声，汪老师大步走进教室，随后像往常一样挽起了袖子，摊开一张卷子，说道：“上课！”接着他滔滔不绝的讲着试题，细致而耐心的讲解，让知识的甘泉，一点点流进同学们的心中。

然而，当他讲到一道关于压强的题时，遇到了麻烦，该题的题目是：用一张纸，盖住装满水的一次性水杯的杯口上，然后将纸杯倒置，水没有渗出来，问到底是由于水分子间的引力还是大气压强的缘故？并证明。

这道题的答案是，在纸杯顶部扎一个小孔可看到纸片脱落，水流出，这说明是大气压强使纸片不掉落，而不是水分子间引力。

可是同学认为杯中水不满时，纸一样会脱落，但是他们的答案被打了大大的红“×”。

“即使杯中水不满，纸片也不会掉落！”汪老师对同学们说道。

“这不可能，纸片一定会掉下来！”同学们大声嚷道，“愤懑不平”的反驳老师的观点。

无奈，眼见为实。汪老师如果不用实验来证明自己的观点，同学们显然是不会信服的。

于是，他找来了水杯，在杯中倒了一半左右的水，盖上纸片，然后将杯子倒置过来。然而，出乎意料地是，水立刻流了出来，看到汪老师尴尬的神情，教室里一片哄笑。

老师似乎很不甘心，他又找了一个纸片重复着实验，可是水又流了出来。教室里又是哄笑连天，大家就等着汪老师怎么收拾残局了。

杯中的水已所剩无几，老师也有一点紧张了，他急促地撕下一片纸，盖在杯子上，小心的倒置着水杯，大家一致认为，如果汪老师的实验再次失败，那么他该放弃了吧！

也许是上天故意开了个玩笑，汪老师的实验还是失败了，同学们对老师有些同情了，一个同学大声说道：“汪老师，别再做了，我们相信你！”

汪老师似乎没有听到这话，他的额头挂满汗珠，拖着肥胖的身子在教室里四处寻觅水，他的脸上露出羞涩的笑容。

水找来了，汪老师撕下一片稍硬的纸，轻轻折叠后，小心地撕下一片，放在手心里，然后另一只手拿出了杯子，慢慢将纸片盖在瓶口上，用力紧紧地按住，然后缓缓地倾斜着杯子，瓶口不断下降，汪老师的心似乎也在下垂，他的双眼死死地盯着杯口。于是，在杯子倾斜180°角之后，扣人心弦的时刻来临了。汪老师渐渐松开手，紧张而耐心的观察杯口的情况，这一次，纸片紧紧的吸住瓶口，再也没掉下来。

教室里又是一片欢呼声，老师的脸上写满了微笑，每个人都为实验成功而兴奋不已。然而，更让我敬佩的却是老师的执著与坚毅。

成功，需要不断尝试，只要你肯坚持，肯勇敢的面对挫折，那么昔时的讥笑。终会成为你成功后的欢呼！

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If at any point during your journey you??re unsure whether or not you??re spending your time and resources effectively, just ask yourself one question, ??Is this driving the core benefit of our product. If the answer is yes, you’re headed in the right direction.

13 岁的维克多·雨果在上学时，从不愿早睡觉。他觉得过早睡觉是白白浪费 时间。但是在学校里，他既不能点灯，也不能起床。

于是，雨果就长时间地凝望着窗外的星空。窗外星光灿烂，小雨果忽然捕捉了一句美妙的诗。从此，他默默地从思想和语汇的海洋里搜索着那些像珍珠一样闪光的诗句。一句，两句 ……很快，他想好了一首诗，又反复推敲、修改，准备天亮后写在笔记本上。正因为他的勤奋，才为以后的创作打下了基础，最终创作出了像《悲惨世界》、《巴黎圣母院》那样的巨著。

我们都羡慕伟人们奇异的发明，文学家出类拔萃的文笔，仔细想想，他们中哪个勤奋好学的典范?俗话说，一份耕耘，一份收获。因此，一切有成就的人，勤奋者，勤奋是成功的必要条件。

汉代孙敬读书勤奋，为了防止自己睡着，他拿一根绳子系在头顶，另一端挂在屋梁上，令自己始终清醒，终于成为当世大学者。苏秦读书时也为了不犯困，用锥子刺击大腿，最终学成满腹经纶，挂大相国印，主持合纵抗秦大计。

著名音乐家贝多芬小时学弹钢琴的时候，专注得令人吃惊，手指在键盘上磨得滚烫滚烫。为了能长时间弹下去，他在琴旁放了一盆凉水，把手指浸在水中泡凉以后又弹。水撩到地板上积少成多，最后都从木板缝隙间漏到楼下房东的屋子里去了，他也毫无知觉，女房东经常为此大喊大叫。

勤奋是通往成功的必经之路。害怕艰苦而去另觅佳径，结果只能是既费时又成功，再聪明的人也无法成学。

南北朝时期的江淹，少时笃志好学，其诗幽丽精工，所作的《汉赋》、《别赋》脍炙人口。晚年过着满足安逸的生活，不再勤奋刻苦，再也写不出好的文章来，人们称之为“江郎才尽”。勤奋好学，又缺生活资料，会写出好文章来呢?

由此可见，勤奋是我们人生中最不能放弃的东西，它是打开成功大门的金钥匙。我们有理由不去刻苦勤学，为自己的成功打好基础呢?

执着的精神是成功的润滑剂,有了执着,成功往往就会容易很多,一个人想要成就大事业也必须有执着的精神

对于执着,我的理想是坚持不懈,只有一生不懈做其事,才能最终成功.

小时候,爸爸总是叫我做奥数题,但我却总也做不出来,为什么呢?缺少执着呗!一会儿做做题,一会儿玩玩小熊,再回来做题,肯定是很难做出来的,因为原来的解体思路已经被全部打乱,总也理不出头绪,眼睛看着题,心中却想着看电视,怎么行?做不出题目也是必然了.

但是执着不等于一味埋头苦干,也要学会变通,例如愚公移山,愚公的精神是好的,可是这种执着却不被现代所提倡：明知道搬不走山却还要搬,这也太傻了,如果搬个家不是更好吗?如果强行搬山,说不定还会水土流失呢!这样可就是太得不偿失了.也许写出这个故事的作者本意是希望大家学习愚公执着的精神,可我认为执着应该用对地方,应会灵活变通,这样的效果才是最好的.

执着的精神自古就帮助着人们,人们执着的探索自然,研究科学,发现了π等于3.1415926,发现人体穴位的奥妙,还知道了几种简单的方程运算,人们就是在这些发现种渐渐成长起来的,渐渐地有了今天的发现和成绩,执着使人们不停探索,不停提高着生活水平和质量.

只要功夫深,铁杵磨成针,执着的故事激励人们要坚持不懈,执着成就了李白,王安石等大文豪.一位著名的科学家在获奖时,记者问他最要感谢的老师是,他说是执着.霍金凭借执着写成《时间简史》,张海迪凭借执着学成多门外语,执着是全世界人民共同的导师,缺少执着是人类共同的敌人.

执着是成功的前提,有了执着就有了一道护身符,它能保护你,能让你冲破困难的枷锁.

执着的故事不老,执着的花儿不败!

伟大的发明家爱迪生曾经说过：“天才是由一分的灵感和九十九分的汗水组成。”的确，我们在站在平地上仰望那些巨人泰斗时，何曾想过，他们也曾与我们站在同一位置，不同的是他们找到了通往成功的阶梯勤奋。

如果说灵感是成功前的最后一道门，那么勤奋就是打开这道门的唯一钥匙。

我国伟大数学家陈景润，为解决数学界的明珠“哥德巴赫的猜想”，坚持每天清晨三点起来学习外语，每日浸在数学符号的海洋中，一日复一日，从未松懈，终于，在反复演算，灵光一闪，摘取了这颗璀璨的明珠。

成功并不一定要通过那扇门，你依旧可以通过勤奋的阶梯跨过，走向成功。

每一个人都熟知爱迪生发明了灯泡，却不知，在他很小时，就被冠以“一事无成”的称号，但他并不在意，他依旧用心研读，努力钻研，在不断的实践，不断地改正，用他的勤奋完成他的理想，最终发明了电灯泡。

有很多人在看到了成功的大门，却未能打开，最后碌碌无为，他们不能称为成功，他们只是失败者。

中国曾有一名年轻大学生钱某，他是十二岁就学会他人苦，学多年都不懂得微积分，被赞为神童，未来以他的天资，定会带领中国数学走向新高潮，但他却懒惰得不参加补习，只是闲逛，这使得他原有的天赋消失殆尽，最终成为一界庸才。

正如爱迪生说的那样，所有成功都离不开汗水，离不开勤奋。无论是否拥有天赋，勤奋永远都是不可缺少的一部分。

有人说成功的公式是：“天资+勤奋+机遇=成功。”但我却不这么认为。根据这个公式可得出一下三个公式：成功-勤奋-机遇=天资，成功-天资-机遇=勤奋，成功-勤奋-天资=机遇，但，这些公式存在吗？很显然，她不存在。所以，我认为成功的公式应该是：创造=成功。

人们总是说神童“神”，其实这种神就是创造力，什么是创造呢？创造就是想象出新方法，建立新理论，做出新的成绩或东西。那么成功是什么呢？成功根据字典上的意思就是：获得预期的结果和失败相对。人么一般想象的成功是表面上的成功，是在物质需要上得到了充分的满足，而另一种是精神上的成功。正所谓人穷志不穷。只有精神上的成功才是真正意义上的成功，而成功的必备条件则是创造和创新的能力。

拥有创造和创新的人能有多少，那么，真正能拥有成功的人又能有多少呢？我们现在最需要拥有的能力则是创新的能力，这才能展示，改变和推动自己。

那么，有人可能会想，怎样才能拥有创新和创造的能力呢？其实这并不难，创新只能在于你自己。你只要把一种极其普通的事情升华，把平凡的事物变成不平凡的事情，抛弃旧观点建立新理论。这也就是真正意义上的成功。

人类，作为地球上的主宰，当前最应当学会创新和创造，只有这样世界才能边的美好。

[创新与成功的优秀作文

有个少年想成为少林寺最出色的弟子。他问大师：“我要多少年才能那么出色？”

大师回答说：“至少十年。”

少年说：“十年时间太长了。如果我付出，需要多长时间呢？”

大师回答说：“20年。”

少年又问：“如果我夜以继日地练习呢？”

大师回答说：“30年。”

少年灰心了，他不解地问大师：“为什么我每次说更加努力，你反而告诉我需要更长的时间呢？”

大师说：“当你一只眼睛只顾时，那么就只剩下一只眼睛去寻找道路了。”

心理学上有个著名的“瓦伦达效应”，是说美国一个叫瓦伦达的高空走钢索的表演者，在一次重大表演之前，不停地向他说：“这次太重要了，千万。”结果，瓦伦达在那次重大表演中失足身亡。只顾着朝目标奔去，反而会的步伐，甚至离成功越来越远。

真正的成功在于自力努力完成某事后并做的很好，有成就感。这种成功需要勤奋。在许多竞争对手中鹤立鸡群，获得成就，也是成功。这种成功也需要勤奋。所以成功源于勤奋。

爱迪生曾说1%的灵感加99%的汗水=100%的成功。可见勤奋是成功的必要因素。孔子也说：“发奋忘食，乐以忘忧”。更表现出胜任教学生，教育勤奋的原因了。颜真卿也在《劝学》中写到：三更灯火五更鸡，正式男儿读书时。黑发不知勤学早，白首方悔读书迟。这不也说明了勤奋的重要吗？书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟。这句流传至今的谚语。更能说明勤奋对于成功的重要性。所以成功源于勤奋。

匡衡为读书，又因为家里没钱买灯油。就在与富人家之间的墙上，凿了一个洞。透过洞里的光看书。苏秦为读书更是头悬梁。董仲舒在家刻苦读书，后花园三年年仅去过一次。这样的勤奋不言而喻，后来他们都成功了。难道不能证明成功源于勤奋。

只有勤奋努力，才能赢得成功与认可。只要你有对功成名就的向往，持之以恒的努力下去，追求下去并永不罢休，就一定能成功。正如XX所言：如果放弃就等于失败，不放弃就有可能成功。只要我们拥有一颗向往成功的心与能持之以恒和拥有毅力的信力，就一定能成功，有梦勇敢去追。因为只有勤奋，才能成功。成功源于勤奋。

自力更生的意志力。艰苦奋斗的创造力，是创业的精神支柱，使我们叩开知识与成功的大门。

成功是非凡的傻劲，奋斗与恒心，与聪明无关。天才不代表成功，99%的汗水和1%的灵感才能铸就成功。

只有勤奋，才能成功。因为成功源于勤奋。您想走成功的捷径吗？请试试勤奋。

自信是成功的导火线，只有自信，才能成。如果连自己都不相信自己，怎么能成功呢？

生活中这样的事例数不胜数。每次考试前，我从来都没有为考试而担心，总是信心十足，精神饱满地去考试。我总是这样想：“考试为了什么？不就是检验自己吗？既然对自己平时的成绩信心十足，考试又有什么好担心的呢”？因此，我的考试成绩每次都比较理想。

直至有一次，我的语文考试破天荒地考了八十七分，我掉泪了。望着那火辣辣的“87”，我的心里一阵酸楚。我在心里问自己，我的自信错了吗？

可尽管如此，我没有气馁，不断地安慰自己：失败只有一种，那就是放弃努力、放弃自信。成绩的高低在于平时，如此成绩虽不堪入目，但它无论如何也是自己的真实水平。败局既已酿成，又有什么办法呢？世上没有后悔药，留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。自信是没错的！相信自己！我能行！！！

于是，在以后的学习中，我奋起直追：上课专心致志地听讲；课下认认真真的做作业；考试时聚精会神地答题。终于，功夫不负有心人，在惨痛的低分——87分后，我勇创历史新高——99分！我成功了！！！

自信对成功者来说是不可或缺的。它的存在意味着绝对的成功。只有有了绝对的自信，才能取得真正的胜利。

伟大的诗人泰戈尔曾说过：“自信是煤，成功就是熊熊燃烧的烈火。”是的，只要有了自信才能成功，不是吗？

自信与成功的关系秒不可言：成功因自信而存在！勇敢地告诉世界吧：我—能—行！！！！！！

宝剑锋从磨砺出 , 梅花香自苦寒来。大凡有作为的人 , 无一不与勤奋有着难解难分的渊源。

勤奋是我们从小就懂得的美德。小时候，妈妈告诉我做人要勤劳，只有勤劳才能得到幸福的生活;上学时，老师教育我们要勤奋，只有勤奋才能实现自己的理想。长大后，我们才真真切切地感到，做任何事情，都离不开勤奋，离开了勤奋将会一事无成，可以这样说：勤奋是人生成功的阶梯。

宋代大文学家司马光自幼就立下了发奋读书报效国家的远大志向。他用圆木做枕头，睡觉时只要一动，枕头就会滚开，醒来后就开始读书。他阅读了大量历史文学书籍，积累了丰富的知识，终于成为宋代伟大的政治家、文学家，他主持编写了我国历史上最宏大的，集政治、文学、历史于一体的历史巨著《资治通鉴》，这与他的勤奋读书是分不开的。

有一次我写作文时，由于贪玩，就草草地写完扔下就去玩儿去了。爸爸看到了，就把我叫过来，爸爸语重心长地告诉我说：做什么事情都不能马虎，不付出辛苦是不会有收获的。写作文也是一样，写前要先想想该怎样去写，在心里先要有一个文章的大概，然后再去写，写好后还要好好读一读看一看，这样你就会发现有很多写得不好的地方，好好改一下，改几遍就好了。后来，每次我写作文都会记着爸爸的话，每篇作文我都要改上两三遍，直到我感觉句子通顺了，写得比较满意了，才抄写在作业本上。

也许有人会说聪明是天生的，有的人天生就是笨，再怎么努力也没用，这种想法是不对的。大家都知道爱迪生小时候上学时，因为“笨”曾被驱逐出学校，回到家里他母亲亲自教导他培养他，他自己也非常用功，对自己不懂的问题就反反复复地去学，不会做的事情就反反复复地去做，后来他成为世界历史上最伟大的发明家。

“ 勤能补拙是良训，一分辛劳一分才。” 这是我国著名数学家华罗庚的座右铭，说的是付出一分辛劳就能增长一分才干。我国古代也有许多勤奋读书而成就大事的人，“凿壁借光”“囊萤映雪”“悬梁刺股”，这些故事相信大家早已耳熟能详了吧。我们也要有古人那样发奋读书立志报国的雄心壮志，在求知的道路上不畏困难，勤奋刻苦，锲而不舍，使自己成为一个对国家对社会有用的人才。

We Must Face FailureAs we all know, "Failure is the mother of success." But few people can really understand what the saying means.In the world, I am sure that no one dare say he hasnt met any trouble all his life. So we must face failure. In fact, failure is not fearful, but important thing is how to face it correctly. Facing failure, people will never take their fate lying down.They will try their best to work harder and harder until at last they succeed.Not being courageous to face setbacks, people have no chance to enjoy the pleasure of success. So they have nothing to do but feel sad and empty all day and all night. In fact, they lose the chance of success themselves.My friend, whenever in trouble, please remember, "Failure is the mother of success.

"我们必须面对失败我们都知道：“失败是成功之母。”但真正理解这句话的人却不多。我相信，世界上没有一个人敢说他一生中从没遇到过任何麻烦。因此，我们必须面对失败。其实，失败并不可怕，重要的是如何正确看待它。敢于面对失败，人们将不再由命运摆布。他们将全力以赴的辛勤工作，直到最后成功。不敢面对挫折，人们也就没有机会享受成功的喜悦。他们会无所事事，终日沮丧而空虚。事实上，是他们自己把成功的机会丧失了。朋友们，无论何时你遇到了困难，请记住：“失败是成功之母。”

【第1篇】

成功与努力密不可分的，爱因斯坦说得好：百分之九十九的努力，加上百分之一的运气，就是百分之百的成功，所以说努力是成功的基础。

那天阳光明媚，我早早地做完作业，便想去找朋友们玩。可刚打开门，妈妈就严肃地说：“作业写完了吗？”“早就做完了！”我理直气壮地说。“那就去做一张数学考卷。”“好……好吧，那……那我就去做了。”我虽然心里一百个不愿意，但还是慢悠悠地拿起铅笔，漫不经心地做了起来。

“这么简单的题目，还来考我。”我心里虽埋怨着，但还是三下五除二就做完了前面的题目，直到最后一道题，我却愣住了，一道看似简单却条理纷乱的竞技题，还是我最不擅常的图形问题。

我拿起笔来，在草稿纸上反复演算，结果草稿纸破了，我抓耳饶腮，绞尽脑汁，像极了一个无头苍蝇，看什么都不顺眼，感觉四周的物体的都在嘲笑我，讽刺我。它们似乎都在指着我说：“还说自己奥数好的，连这道题都不会，真是笑死人了！”我开始想放弃了，把笔扔在一旁，趴在桌上，可心中又浮现起爸爸说的话：“只要坚持不懈，就能解决一切问题”。对呀！努力是成功的基础，我要坚持到底，不能被这一点点困难而打倒。我重新拿起笔来，仔细看题目，将每一个提供的数据分析到底，看它有什么用，再回忆一下老师教给我对应方法用进去，比如方程、枚举、画辅助线等。经过不懈地尝试和努力，我终于解出了正确的答案，我真心为自己的成功而骄傲。

“宝剑锋从磨砺出，梅花香自苦寒来。”“世上无难事，只怕有心人”“天才出于勤奋”……这么多有关努力的名言，让我感受到努力是如此的重要，努力是成功的基础，努力能让我们翻过远方的大山，能打败困难，让我们走向成功之路。

【第2篇】

成功需要努力，在学中阮的过程中，我成功了，感受到了喜悦。

星期五下午，我背着我的“大伙伴”中阮来到教室上课。我静静地坐在座位上。一会儿，一位年轻漂亮的女老师来了。老师先自我介绍，然后叫我们学中阮。

我们把中阮和拨片拿出来，接着老师示范，我们开始练习拿拨片，我把右手轻松的放下，然后轻轻提起，用食指努力地做一个九的姿势，然后把拨片小心翼翼地放在食指上面，大拇指使劲拿着拨片三分之二，留三分之一。剩下的三个手指微微张开，姿势摆好了。老师看了看我们。欣慰地说：“你们都对了。”我心里充满了喜悦。

我们又开始学“弹”和“挑”了。我把中阮轻轻地放在放在腿上，，努力是肚子和中阮的背面形成一个大三角。小臂放在中阮的平面上，尽力做到不乱动。我像扇扇子一样拿著拨片，迅速线外一弹，再往里一挑。老师摇了摇头，原来我的小臂总是来回晃动，我努力纠正自己的毛病，可是，手像调皮的饺子，一点也不听我的话。老师好像看穿了我的心思，让我把手压在中阮下面，中阮压着我的小臂，小臂不再来回晃动了，老师高兴的说“对了”

进过我三番五次的努力，我终于改掉了坏毛病。

成功需要努力，是啊，走向成功道路的我不会一帆风顺，不经历磨难，怎会成功？从这件事情中我知道了成功需要努力，需要坚持！

“夜风呼啸，皓月荡照，潇潇月色独奔放，龙头紧锁，把酒仍惆怅……”，总有人会在夜晚，仰望星空，思考……成功怎样。

当华丽的声音在空中绽放，当美好的故事在口中传送，当俊俏的容貌在荧屏上来往。思考在成功中打转。生活中必然有成有败。只是没有动力，总在颓废中度过……“风凄紧，屏花荡，醉曲还似梦中放；兰花残，魂犹尚，清词还如幻中唱；思雾影，恋迷离，只是鳞伤依旧，念华芳……”

我总认为，自己可以，可以笑看人生，可以避讳他人，可以与众不同。但是我错了，自己并没有自己想象的坚强。总在一次次承诺后失守，在一次次计划中变化。“谁终将声震人间，必长久深自缄默；谁终将点燃闪电，必长久如云漂泊。”空虚与伤感，寂清与忧愁总缠绵于心。像初露幼翼上满是疤伤，似乎有恐惧，又害怕，难以展翅高飞。更不会去思考，成功怎样？

.“悲伤才是真正的魔鬼，越强大的，藏得越深”江南曾说。我想我应该真正的思考成功怎样，思考为何别人可以，我为何不行？秀丽的风光只让有能力的人饱眼福，难道不是？迄今为止有多少人能一饱珠穆朗玛峰顶的壮阔与秀丽？

成功怎样，我不明白，所以我要让自己成功，去明白成功怎样！

[成功需要努力作文400字

下面的材料旨在丰富学生在是非问题写作方面的思想和语言，考生在复习时可以先分类阅读这些篇章，然后尝试写相关方面的作文题。

对于素材中用黑体字的部分，特别建议你熟读，背诵，因为它们在语言和观点上都值得吸收。学习语言的人应该明白，表达能力和思想深度都靠日积月累，潜移默化。从某种意义上说，提高英语写作能力无捷径可走，你必须大段背诵英语文章才能逐渐形成语感和用英语进行表达的能力。这一关，没有任何人能代替你过。

因此，建议你下点苦功夫，把背单词的精神拿出来背诵文章。何况，并不是要求你背了之后永远牢记在心：你可以这个星期背，下个星期忘。这没有关系，相信你的大脑具有神奇的能力。背了工具箱里的文章后，你会惊讶的发现：I can think in English now！

1.?????? Proverbs

1. A graduation ceremony is an event where the commencement speaker tells thousands of students dressed in identical caps and gowns that individuality is the key to success.

2. The primary purpose of a liberal education is to make one’s mind a pleasant place in which to spend one’s time.

3. Next in importance to freedom and justice is popular education, without which neither freedom nor justice can be permanently maintained.

4. The classroom--not the trench--is the frontier of freedom now and forevermore.

5. Education’s purpose is to replace an empty mind with an open one.

6. It is the purpose of education to help us become autonomous, creative, inquiring people who have the will and intelligence to create our own destiny.

7. You see, real ongoing, lifelong education doesn’t answer questions; it provokes them.

8. People will pay more to be entertained than educated.

9.the most important function of education at any level is to develop the personality of the individual and the significance of his life to himself and to others. This is the basic architecture of a life; the rest is ornamentation and decoration of the structure.

10. The essence of our efforts to see that every child has a chance must be to assure each as equal opportunity, not to become equal, but to become different-to realize whatever unique potential of body, mind, and spirit he or she possesses.

11. A great teacher never strives to explain his vision-he simply invites you to stand beside him and see for yourself.

12. If you can read and don’, you are an illiterate by choice.

2. Damaging Research

A study by National Parent-Teacher Organization revealed that in the average American school, eighteen negatives are identified for every positive that is pointed out. The Wisconsin study revealed that when children enter the first grade, 80 percent of them feel pretty good themselves, but by the time they get to the sixth grade, only 10 percent of them have good self-images.

3. Education and Citizenship

An important aspect of education in the United States is the relationship between education and citizenship. Throughout its history this nation has emphasized public education as a means of transmitting democratic values, creating equality of opportunity, and preparing new generations of citizens to function in society. In addition, the schools have been expected to help shape society itself. During the 1950s, for example, efforts to combat racial segregation focused on the schools. Later, when the Soviet Union launched the first orbiting satellite, American schools and colleges came under intense pressure and were offered many incentives to improve their science and mathematics programs so that the nations would not fall behind the Soviet Union in scientific and technological capabilities.

Education is often viewed as a tool for solving social problems, especially social inequality. The schools, t is thought, can transform young people from vastly different backgrounds into competent, upwardly mobile adults. Yet these goals seem almost impossible to attain. In recent years, in fact, public education has been at the center of numerous controversies arising from the gap between the ideal and the reality. Part of the problem is that different groups in society have different have different expectations. Some feel that children should be taught basic job-related skills; still others believe education should not only prepare children to compete in society but also help them maintain their cultural identity (and, in the case of Hispanic children, their language). On the other hand, policymakers concerned with education emphasize the need to increase the level of student achievement and to improve parents in their children’s education.

Some reformers and critics have called attention to the need to link formal schooling with programs designed to address social problems. Sociologist Charles Moscos, for example, is a leader in the movement to expand programs like the Peace Corps, Vista, and Outward Bound into a system of voluntary national service. National service, as Moscos defines it, would entail “the full-time undertaking of public duties by young people whether as citizen soldiers or civilian servers-who are paid subsistence wages” and serve for at least one year. In return for this period of service, the volunteers would receive assistance in paying for college or other educational expenses.

Advocates of national service and school-to-work programs believe that education does not have to be confined to formal schooling. In devising strategies to provide opportunities for young people to serve their society, they emphasize the educational value of citizenship experiences gained outside the classroom. At this writing there is little indication that national service will become a new educational institution in the United States, although the concept is steadily gaining support among educators and social critics.

4. The Teacher’s Role

Given the undeniable importance of classroom experience, sociologists have done a considerable amount of research on what goes on in the classroom. Often they start from the premise that, along with the influence of peers, students’ experiences in the classroom are of central importance to their later development. One study examined the impact of a single first-grade teacher on her students’ subsequent adult status. The surprising results of this study have important implications. It is evident that good teachers can make a big difference in children’s lives, a fact that gives increased urgency to the need to improve the quality of primary-school teaching. The reforms carried out by educational leaders like James Comer suggest that when good teaching is combined with high levels of parental involvement the results can be even more dramatic.

Because the role of the teacher is to change the learner in some way, the teacher-student relationship is an important part of education. Sociologists have pointed out that this relationship is asymmetrical or unbalanced, with the teacher being in a position of authority and the student having little choice but to passively absorb the information provided by the teacher. In other words, in conventional classrooms there is little opportunity for the students to become actively involved in the learning process. On the other hand, students often develop strategies for undercutting the teacher’s authority: mentally withdrawing, interrupting, and the like. Hence, much current research assumes that students and teachers influence each other instead of assuming that the influence is always in a single direction.

5. Education Philosophy

For the past fifty years our schools have operated on the theories of John Dewey (1859-1953), an American educator and writer. Dewey believed hat the school’s job was to enhance the natural development of the growing child, rather than to pour information, for which the child had no context, into him or her. In the Dewey system, the child becomes the active agent in his own education, rather than a passive receptacle for facts.

Consequently, American schools are very enthusiastic about teaching “life skills” –logical thinking, analysis, creative problem--solving. The actual content of the lessons is secondary to the process, which is supposed to train the child to be able to handle whatever life may present, including all the unknowns of the future. Students and teachers both regard pure memorization as an uncreative and somewhat vulgar.

In addition to “life skills”, schools are assigned to solve the ever growing stoke of social problems. Racism, teenage pregnancy, alcoholism, drug use, reckless driving, and are just a few of the modern problems that have appeared on the school curriculum.

This all contributes to a high degree of social awareness in American youngsters.

6. Student Life

To the students, the most notable difference between elementary school and the higher levels is that in junior high they start “changing classes”. This means that rather than spending the day in one classroom, they switch classrooms to meet their different teachers. This gives them three or four minutes between classes in the hallways, where a great deal of the important social action of high school traditionally takes place. Students have lockers in these hallways, around which thy congregate.

Society in general does not take the business of studying very seriously. Schoolchildren have a great deal of free time, which they are encouraged to fill with extracurricular activities—sports, clubs, cheerleading, scouts—supposed to inculcate such qualities as leadership, sportsmanship, ability to organize, etc. those who don’t become engaged in such activities or have afterschool jobs have plenty of opportunity to “hang out”, listen to teenager music, and watch television.

Compared to other nations, American students do not have much homework. Studies also show that American parents have lower expectations for their children’s success in school than other nationalities do. (Historically, there has not been much correlation between American school success and success in later life.) “He’s just not a scholar”, the American parents might say, content that their son is on the swim team and doesn’t take drugs. (Some of the young do choose to study hard, for reason of their own, such as determining that the road to riches lies through Harvard Business School.)

What American schools do effectively teach is the competitive method. In innumerable ways children are pitted against each other—whether in classroom discussion, spelling bees, reading groups, or tests. Every classroom is expected to produce a scattering of A’s and F’s (teachers often grade A=excellent; B=good; C=average; D=poor; and F=failed). A teacher who gives all A’s looks too soft—so students are aware that they are competing for the limited number of top marks.

Foreign students sometimes don’t understand that copying from other people’s papers or from books is considered wrong and taken seriously. Here, it is important to show that you have done your own work and are displaying your own knowledge. It is more important than helping your friends to pass, whom we think do not deserve to pass unless they can provide their own answers. Group effort goes against the competitive grain, and American students do not study together as many Asians do. Many Asians in this country consider their group study habits a large contributor to their school success.

7. Adult Education

After complaining about many aspects of American life, a 40-year-old woman from Hong Kong concluded, “But where else could someone my age go back to school and get a degree in social work? Here you can change your whole life, start a new business, do what you really want to do.”

So at least to this person, school requirements weren’t inhibiting. And to millions of others, adult education is the path to a new career, or if not to a new career, to a new outlook. Schools generally encourage the older person who wants to start anew, and besides regular classes, schedule evening classes in special programs. Today there are so many people of retirement age in college that it is no longer remarkable.

8. Moral Relativism in American

Improving American education requires not doing new things but doing (and remembering) some good old things. At the time of our nation’s founding, Thomas Jefferson listed the requirements for a sound education in the Report of the Commissioners for the University of Virginia. In this landmark statement on American education, Jefferson wrote of the importance of education and writing, and of reading history, and geography. But he also emphasized the need “to instruct the mass of our citizens in these, their rights, interests, and duties, as men and citizens.” Jefferson believed education should aim at the improvement of both one’s “morals” and “faculties”. That has been the dominant view of the aims of American education for over two centuries. But a number of changes, most of them unsound, have diverted schools from these great pursuits. And the story of the loss of the school’s original moral mission explains a great deal.

Starting in the early seventies, “values clarification” programs started turning up in schools all over America. According to this philosophy, the schools were not to take part in their time-honored task of transmitting sound moral values; rather, they were to allow the child to “clarify” his own values (which adults, including parents, had no “rights” to criticize). The “values clarification” movement didn’t clarify values; it clarified wants and desires. This form of moral relativism said, in effect, that no set of values was right or wrong; everybody had an equal right to his own values; and all values were subjective, relative, and personal. This destructive view took hold with a vengeance.

In 1985 The York Times published an article quoting New York area educators, in slavish devotion to this new view, proclaiming, “They deliberately avoid trying to tell students what is ethically right and wrong.” The article told of one counseling session involving fifteen high school juniors and seniors. In the course of that session a student concluded that a fellow student had been foolish to return one thousand dollars she found in a purse at school. According to the article, when the youngsters asked the counselor’s opinion, “He told them he believed the girl had done the right thing, but that, of course, he would not try to force his values on them. ‘If I come from the position of what is wrong,’ he explained, ‘then I’m not their counselor.’”

Once upon a time, a counselor offered counselor, and he knew that an adult does not form character in the young by taking a stance of neutrality toward questions of right and wrong or by merely offering “choices” or “options”.

In response to the belief that adults and educators should teach children sound morals, one can expect from some quarters indignant objections (I’ve heard one version of it expressed countless times over the years): “Who are you to say what’s important?” or “Whose standards and judgments do we use?”

The correct response, it seems to me, is, is we ready to do away with standards and judgments? Is anyone going to argue seriously that a life of cheating and swindling is as worthy as a life of honest, hard work? Is anyone (with the exception of some literature professors at our elite universities) going to argue seriously the intellectual corollary, that a Marvel comic book is as good as Macbeth? Unless we are willing to embrace some pretty silly position, we’ve got to admit the need for moral and intellectual standards. The problem is that some people tend to regard anyone who would pronounce a definitive judgment as an unsophisticated Philistine or a closed-minded “elitist” trying to impose his view on everybody else.

The truth of the real world is that without standards and judgments, there can be no progress. Unless we are prepared to say irrational things—that nothing can be proven more valuable than anything else or that everything is equally worthless—we must ask the normative question. It may come, as a surprise to those who fell that to be “progressive” is to be value-neutral. But as Matthew Amold said, “the world is forwarded by having its attention fixed on the best things” and if the world can’t decide what the best things are, at least to some degree, then it follows that progress, and character, is in trouble. We shouldn’t be reluctant to declare that some things, some lives, books, ideas, and values are better than others. It is the responsibility of the schools to teach these better things.

At one time, we weren’t so reluctant to teach them. In the mid-nineteenth century, a diverse, widespread group of crusaders began to work for the public support of what was then called the “common school”, the forerunner of the public school. They were to be charged with the mission of school felt that the nation could fulfill its destiny only if every new generation was taught these values together in a common institution.

The leaders of the common school movement were mainly citizens who were prominent in their communities—businessmen, ministers, local civic and government officials. These people saw the schools as upholders of standards of individual morality and small incubators of civic and personal virtue; the founders of the public schools had faith that public education could teach good moral and civic character from a common ground of American values.

But in the past quarter century or so, some of the so-called experts became experts of value neutrality, and moral education was increasingly left in their hands. The commonsense view of parents and the publicthat schools should reinforce rather than undermine the values of home, family, and country, was increasingly rejected.

There are those today still that claim we are now too diverse a nation, that we consist of too many competing convictions and interests to instill common values. They are wrong. Of course we are a diverse people. We have always been a diverse people. And as Madison wrote in FederalistNo.10, the competing, balancing interests of a diverse people can help ensure the survival of liberty. But there are values that all American citizens share and that we should want all American students to know and to make their own: honesty, fairness, self-discipline, fidelity to task, friends, and family, personal responsibility, love of country, and belief in the principles of liberty, equality, and the freedom to practice one’s faith. The explicit teaching of these values is the legacy of the common schools, and it is a legacy to which we must return.

9. Schools Should Teach Values

People often said, “Yes, we should teach these values, but how do we teach them?” this question deserves a candid response, one that isn’t given often enough. It is by exposing our children to good character and inviting its imitation that we will transmit to them a moral foundation. This happens when teachers and principals, by their words and actions, embody sound convictions. As Oxford’s Mary Warnock has written, “You cannot teach morality without being committed to morality yourself; and you cannot be committed to morality yourself without holding that some things are right and others wrong.” The theologian Martin Buber wrote that the educator is distinguished from all other influences “by his will to take part in the stamping of character and by his consciousness that he represents in the eyes of the growing person a certain selection of what is, the selection of what is ‘right’, of what should be.” It is in this will, Buber says, in this clear standing for something, that the “vocation as an educator finds its fundamental expression.”

There is no escaping the fact that young people need as example principals and teachers who know the difference between right and wrong, good and bad, and who themselves exemplify high moral purpose.

As Education Secretary, I visited a class at Waterbury Elementary School in Waterbury, Vermont, and asked the students, “Is this a good school?” They answered, “Yes, this is a good school.” I asked them, “Why?” Among other things, one eight-year-old said, “The principal Mr. Riegel, makes good rules and everybody obeys them.” So I said, “Give me an example.” And another answered, “You can’t climb on the pipes in the bathroom. We don’t climb on the pipes and the principal doesn’t either.”

This example is probably too simple to please a lot of people who want to make the topic of moral education difficult, but there is something profound in the answer of those children, something education should pay more attention to. You can’t expect children to take messages about rules or morality seriously unless they see adults taking those rules seriously in their day-to-day affairs. Certain must be said, certain limits lay down, and certain examples set. There is no other way.

We should also do a better job at curriculum selection. The research shows that most “values education” exercises and separate courses in “moral reasoning” tend not to affect children’s behavior; if anything, they may leave children morally adrift. Where to turn? I believe our literature and our history are a rich quarry of moral literacy. We should mine that quarry. Children should have at their disposal a stock of examples illustrating what we believe to be right and wrong, good and bad—examples illustrating what are morally right and wrong can indeed be known and that there is a difference.

What kind of stories, historical events, and famous lives am I talking about? If we want our children to know about honesty, we should teach them about Abe Lincoln walking three miles to return six cents and conversely, about Aesop’s shepherd boy who cried wolf if we want them to know about courage, we should teach them about Joan of Arc, Horatius at the bridge, and Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad. If we want them to know about persistence in the face of adversity, they should know about the voyages of Columbus and the character of Washington during the Civil War. And our youngest should be told about the Little Engine That Could. If we want them to know about respect for the law, they should understand why Socrates told Crito: “No, I must submit to the decree of Athens.” If we want our children to respect the rights of others, they should read the Declaration of Independence, the Bill of Rights, the Gettysburg Address, and Martin Luther King, Jr.’ “Letter from Birmingham jail.” From the Bible they should know about Ruth’s loyalty to Naomi, Joseph’s forgiveness of his brothers, Jonathan’s friendship with David, the Good Samaritan’s kindness toward a stranger, and David’s cleverness and courage in facing Goliath.

These are only a few of the hundreds of examples we can call on. And we need not get into issues like nuclear war, abortion, creationism, or euthanasia. This may come as a disappointment to some people, but the fact is that the formation of character in young people is educationally a task different from, and prior to, the discussion of the great, difficult controversies of the day. First things come first. We should teach values the same way we teach other things: one step at a time. We should not use the fact that there are many difficult and controversial moral questions as an argument against basic instruction in the subject.

After all, we do not argue against teaching physics because laser physics is difficult, against teaching American history because there are heated disputes about the Founders’ intent. Every field has its complexities and its controversies. And every field has its basics, its fundamentals. So they are too with forming character and achieving moral literacy. As any parent knows, teaching character is a difficult task. But it is a crucial task, because we want our children to be healthy, happy, and successful but decent, strong, and good. None of this happens automatically; there is no genetic transmission of virtue. It takes the conscious, committed efforts of adults. It takes careful attention.

10. College Pressures

Mainly I try to remind that the road ahead is a long one and that it will have more unexpected turns than they think. There will be plenty of time to change jobs, change careers, change whole attitudes and approaches. They don not want to hear such liberating news. They want a map—right now – that they can follow unswervingly to career security, financial security, Social Security and, presumably, a prepaid grave.

What I wish for all students is some release from the clammy grip of the future. I wish them a chance to savor each segment of their education as an experience in itself and not as a grim preparation for the next step. I wish them the right to experiment, to trip and fall, to learn that defeat is as instructive as victory and is not the end of the world.

My wish, of course, is na?ve. One of the national gods venerated in our media—the million-dollar athlete, the wealthy executive—and glorified in our praise of possessions. In the presence of such a potent state religion, the young are growing up old.

I see four kinds of pressure working on college students today: economic pressure, parental pressure, peer pressure, and self-induced pressure. It is easy to look around for villains—to blame the colleges for charging too much money, the professors for assigning too much work, the parents for pushing their children too far, and the students for driving themselves too hard. But there are no villains: only victims.

“In the late 1960s.” one dean told me. “The typical question that I got from students was ‘Why is there so much suffering in the world’ or ‘how I can make a contribution?’ Today it’s ‘Do you think it would look better for getting into law school if I did a double major in history and political science, or just majored in one of them?’” many other deans confirmed this pattern. One said: “They are trying to find an edge—the intangible something that will look better on paper if two students are about equal.”

Note the emphasis on looking better. The transcript has become a sacred document, the passport to security. How one appears on paper is more important than how one appears in person. A is for Admirable and B is for Borderline, even though, in Yale’s official system of grading, A means “excellent” and B means “very good.” Today, looking very good is no longer good enough, especially for students who hope to go on to law school or medical school. They know that entrance into the better schools will be an entrance into the better law firms and better medical practices where they will make a lot of money. They also know that the odds are harsh. Yale Law School, for instance, matriculates 170students from an applicant pool of 3,700; Harvard enrolls 550 from a pool of 7,000.

It’s all very well for those of us who write letters of recommendation for our students to stress the qualities of humanity that will make them good lawyers or doctors. And it’s nice to think that admission officers are ready reading our letters and looking for the extra dimension of commitment or concern. Still, it would be hard for a student not to visualize these officers shuffling so many transcripts studded with As that they regard a B as positively shameful.

The pressure is almost as heavy on students who just want to graduate and get a job. Long gone are the days of the “gentleman’s C.” when students journeyed through college with a certain relaxation, sampling a wide variety of courses-music, art, philosophy, classics, anthropology, poetry, religion—that would send them out as liberally educated men and women. If I were an employer I would rather employ graduates who have this range and curiosity than those who narrowly pursued safe subjects and high grades. I know countless students whose inquiring minds exhilarate me. I like to hear the play of their ideas. I do not know if they are getting As or Cs, and I do not care. I also like them as people. The country needs them, and they will find satisfying jobs. I tell them to relax. They cannot.

Nor can I blame them. They live in a brutal economy. Tuition, room, and board at most private colleges now come to at least $7,000, not counting books and fees. This might seem to suggest that the colleges are getting rich. But they are equally battered by inflation. Tuition covers only 60 percent of what it costs to educate a student, and ordinarily the remainder comes from what college receives in endowments, grants, and gifts. Now, the remainder keeps being swallowed by the cruel costs—higher every year—of just opening the doors. Heating oil is up. Insurance is up. Postage is up. Health-premium costs are up. Everything is up. Deficits are up. We are witnessing in American the creation of a brotherhood of paupers—colleges, parents, and students, joined by the common bond of debt.

Today it is not unusual for a student, even if he works part time at college and full time during the summer, to accrue $5,000 in loans after four years—loans that he must start to repay within one year after graduation. Exhorted at commencement to go forth into the world, he is already behind as he goes forth. How could he not feel under pressure throughout college to prepare for this day of reckoning? I have used “he,” incidentally, only for brevity. Women at Yale are under no less pressure to justify their expensive education to themselves, their parents, and society. In fact, they are probably under more pressure. For although they leave college superbly equipped to bring fresh leadership to traditionally male jobs, society has not yet caught up with this fact.

Along with economic pressure goes parental pressure. Inevitably, the two are deeply intertwined.

I see many students taking pre-medical courses with joyless tenacity. They go off to their labs as if they were going to the dentist. It saddens me because I know tem in other corners of their life as cheerful people.

“Do you want to medical school?” I asked them.

“I guess so,” they say, without conviction, or “Not really.”

“Then why are you going?”

“Well, my parents want me to be a doctor. They are paying all this money and …”

Poor students, poor parents, they are caught in one of the oldest webs of love and duty and guilt. The parents mean will; they are trying to steer their sons and draughts toward a secure future. But the sons and daughter want to major in history or classics or philosophy—subjects with no “practical” value. Where’s the payoff on the humanities? It’s not easy to persuade such loving parents that the humanities do indeed pay off. The intellectual faculties developed by studying subjects like history and classics—an ability to synthesize and relate, to weigh cause and effect, to see events in perspective—are just the faculties that make creative leaders in business or almost any general field. Still, many fathers would rather put their money on courses that point toward specific profession—courses that are pre-law, pre-medical, pre-business, or, as I sometimes heard it put, “pre-rich.”

But the pressure on students is severe. They are truly torn. One part of them feels obliged to fulfill their parents’ expectations; after all, their parents are older and presumably wiser. Another part tells them that the expectations that are right for their parents are not right for them.

I know a student who wants to be an artist. She is very obviously an artist and will be a good one—she has already had several modest local exhibits. Meanwhile she is growing as a well-round person and taking humanistic subjects that will enrich the inner resources out of which her art will grow. But her father is strongly opposed. He thinks that an artist is a “dumb” thing to be. The student vacillates and tries to please everybody. She keeps up with her art somewhat furtively and takes some of the “dumb” courses her father wants her to take—at least they are dumb courses for her. She is a free spirit on a campus of tense students—no small achievement in it—and she deserves to follow her muse.

Peer pressure and self-induced pressure are also intertwined, and they begin almost at the beginning of freshman year.

“I had a freshman student I’ll call Linda,” one dean told me, “who came in and said she was under terrible pressure because her roommate, Barbara, was much brighter and studied all the time. I could not tell her that Barbara had come in two hours earlier to say the same thing about Linda.”

The story is almost funny—except that it is not. It is symptomatic of all the pressure put together. When every student thinks every other student is working harder and doing better, the only solution is to study harder still. I see students going off to the library every night after dinner and coming back when it closes at midnight. I wish they would sometimes forget about their peers and go to a movie. I hear the clacking of typewriters in the hours before dawn. I see the tension in their eyes when exams are approaching and papers are due: “Will I get everything done?”

Probably they won’t. They will get blocked. They will sleep. They will oversleep. They will bug out.

Part of the problem is that they are expected to do. A professor will assign five page papers. Several students will start writing ten page papers to impress him. Then more students will write ten page papers, and a few will raise the ante to fifteen. Pity the poor student who is still just doing the assignment.

“Once you have twenty or thirty percent of the student population deliberately overexerting,” one dean points out, “It’s bad for everybody. When a teacher gets more and more effort from his class, the student who is doing normal work can be perceived as not doing well. The tactic work, psychologically.”

Why cannot the professor just cut back and not accept longer papers? He can, and he probably will. But by then the term will be half over and the damage done. Grade fever is highly contagious and not easily reversed. Besides, the professor’s main concern is with his course. He knows his students only in relation to the course and does not know that they are also overexerting in their other courses. Nor is it really his business. He did not sign up for dealing with the student as a whole person and with all the emotional baggage the student brought along from home. That’s what deans, masters, chaplains, and psychiatrists are for.

To some extent this is nothing new: a certain number of professors have always been self-contained islands of scholarship and shyness, more comfortable with books than with people. But the new pauperism has widened the gap still further, for professors who actually like to spend time with students do not have as much time to spend. They are also overexerting. If they are young, they are busy trying to publish in order not to perish, hanging by their figure nails onto a shrinking profession.

If they are old and tenured, they are buried under the duties of administering departments—as departmental chairmen or members of committees—that have been thinned out by the budgetary axe.

Ultimately it will be the students’ own business to break the circles in which they are trapped. They are too young to be prisoners of their parents’ dreams and their classmates’ fears. They must be jolted into believing into themselves as unique men and women who have the power to shape their own future.

“Violence is being done to the undergraduate experience,” says Carlos Hortas. “College should be open-ended: at the end it should open many, many roads. Instead, students are choosing their goal in advance, and their choices narrow as they go along. It’s almost as if they think that the country has been codified in the type of jobs that exist-that they’ve got to fit into certain slots. Therefore, fit into the best paying slot.”

“They ought to take chances. Not taking chances will lead to life of colorless mediocrity. They’ll be comfortable. But something in the spirit will be missing.”

I have painted too drab a portrait of today’s students, making them seem a solemn lot. That is only half of their story; if they were so dreary I wouldn’t so thoroughly enjoy their company. The other half is that they are easy to like. They are quick to laugh and to offer friendship. They are not introverts. They are usually kind and are more considerate of one another than any student generation I have known.

Nor are they so obsessed with their studies that they avoid sports and extracurricular activities. On the contrary, they juggle their crowded hours to play on a variety of teams, perform with musical and dramatic groups, and write for campus publications. But this in turn is one more cause of anxiety. There are too many choices. Academically, they have 1,300 courses to select from; outside class they have to decide how much spare time they can spare and how to spend it.

This means that they engage in fewer extracurricular pursuits than their predecessors did. If they want to row on the crew and play in the symphony they will eliminate one; in the ‘60s they would have done both. They also tend to choose activities that are self-limiting. Drama, for instance, is flourishing in all twelve of Yale’s residential colleges, as it never has before. Students hurl themselves into these productions—as actors, directors, carpenters, and technicians—with a dedication to create the best possible play, knowing that the day will come when the run will end and they can get back to their studies.

They also cannot afford to be the willing slave of organizations like the Yale Daily News. Last spring at the one-hundredth anniversary banquet of that paper—who’s past chairmen include such once and future kings as Potter Stewart, Kingman Brewster, and William F. Buckley, Jr.—much was made of the fact that the editorial staff used to be small and totally committed and that “newsies” routinely worked fifty hours a week. In effect they belonged to a club; Newsies is how they defined themselves at Yale. Today’s students will one or two articles a week, when he can, and he defines himself as a student. I’ve never heard the word Newsie except at the banquet.

If I have described the modern undergraduate primarily as a driven creature who is largely ignoring the blithe spirit inside who keeps trying to come out and play, it’s because that’s where the crunch is, not only at Yale but throughout American education. It’s why I think we should all be worried about the values that are nurturing a generation so fearful of risk and so goal-obsessed at such an early age.

I tell students that there is no one “right” way to get ahead—that each of them is a different person, starting from a different point and bound for a different destination. I tell neither them that change is a tonic and that all the slots are not codified nor the frontiers closed. One of my ways of telling them is to invite men and women who have achieved success outside the academic world to come and talk informally with my students during the year. They are heads of companies or ad agencies, editors of magazines, politicians, public officials, television magnates, labor leaders, business executives, Broadway products, artists, writers, economists, photographers, scientists, historians—a mixed bag of achievers.

I asked them to say a few words about how they got started. The students assume that they started in their present profession and knew all along that it was what they wanted to do. Luckily for me, most of them got into their field by a circuitous route, to their surprise, after many detours. The students are startled. They can hardly conceive of a career that was not pre-planned. They can hardly imagine allowing the hand of God or chance to nudge them down some unforeseen trail.

11. To Err Is Wrong

In the summer of 1979, Boston Red Sox first baseman Carl Yastrzemski became the fifteenth player in baseball history to reach the three thousand hit plateaus. This event drew a lot of media attention, and for about a week prior to the attainment of this goal, hundreds of reports covered Yaz’s every more. Finally, one reporter asked, “Hey Yaz, aren’t you afraid all of this attention will go to your head?” Yastrzemski replied, “I look at this way: in my career I’ve been up to bat over ten thousand times. That means I’ve been unsuccessful at the plate over seven thousand times. That fact alone keeps me from getting a swollen head.”?

Most people consider success and failure as opposites, but they are actually both products of the same process. As Yaz suggest, an activity that produces a hit may also produce a miss. It is the same with creative thinking; the same energy that generates good creative ideas also produces errors.

Many people, however, are not comfortable with errors. Our educational system, based on “the right answer” belief, cultivates our thinking in another, more conservative way. From an early age, we are taught that right answers are good and incorrect answers are bad. This value is deeply embedded in the incentive system used in most schools:

Right over 90% of the time = “A”

Right over 80% of the time = “B~”

Right over 70% of the time = “C~” Right over 60% of the time = “D~” Less than 60% correct, you fail.

From this we learn to be right as often as possible and to keep our mistakes to a minimum. We learn, in other words, that “to err is wrong.

Playing It Safe

With this kind of attitude, you aren’t going to be taking too many chances. If you learn that failing even a litter penalizes you (e.g., being wrong only 15% of the time garners you only a “B” performance), you learn not to make mistakes. And more important, you learn not to put yourself to situation where you might fall. This leads to conservative thought pattern designed to avoid the stigma our society puts on “failure”.

I have a friend who recently graduated from college with a Master’s degree in Journalism. For the last six month, she has been trying to find a job, but to no avail. I talked with her about situation, and realized that her problem is that she doesn’t know how to fail. She went through eighteen years of schooling to try any approaches where she might fail. She has been conditioned to believe that failure is bad in and of itself, rather than a potential stepping-stone to new ideas.

Look around. How many middle managers, housewives, administrators, teachers, and other people do you see who are to try anything new because of this failure? Most of us have learned not to make mistakes in public. As a result, we remove ourselves from many learning experience except for those occurring in the most private of circumstances.

Different Logic

From a practical point of view, “to err is wrong” makes sense. Our survival in the everyday world requires us to perform thousand of small tasks without failure. Think about it: you wouldn’t last very long if you were to step out in front of traffic or stick your hand a pot of boiling water. In addition, engineers whose bridges collapse, stock brokers who lose money for their clients, and copywriters whose ad campaigns decrease sales won’t keep their jobs very long.

Nevertheless, too great an adherence to the belief “to err is wrong” can greatly undermine your attempts to generate new ideas. If you are more concerned with producing right answers than generating original ideas, you’ll probably make uncritical use of the rules, formulae, and procedures used to obtain these right answers. By doing this, you’ll by-pass the germinal phase of the creative process, and thus spend litter time testing assumptions, challenging the rules, asking what-if questions, or just playing around with the problem. All of these techniques will produce some incorrect answers, but in the germinal phase errors are viewed as a necessary by-product of creative thinking. As Yaz would put it, “if you want the hits, be prepared for the misses.” That’s the way the game of life goes.

Errors as Stepping Stones

Whenever an error pops up, the usual response is “Jeez, another screw up, what went wrong this time?” the creative thinker, on the other hand, will realize the potential value of errors, and perhaps say something like, “Would you look at that! Where can it lead our thinking?” and then he or she will go on to use the error as a stepping stone to a new idea. As a matter of fact, the whole history of discovery is filed with people who used erroneous assumptions and failed ideas as stepping-stones to new ideas. Columbus thought he was finding a shorter route to India. Johannes Kepler stumbled on to the idea of interplanetary gravity because of assumptions that were right for the wrong reasons. And, Thomas Edison knew 1800 ways not to build a light bulb.

The following story about the automotive genius Charles Kettering exemplifies the spirit of working through erroneous assumptions to good ideas. In 1912, when the automobile industry was just beginning to grow, Kettering was interested in improving gasoline engine efficiency. The problem he faced was“knockthe phenomenon in which gasoline takes too long to burn in the cylinder-thereby reducing efficiency.

Kettering began searching for ways to eliminate the “knock.” He thought to him, “How can I get the gasoline to combust in the cylinder at an earlier time?” the key concept here is “early”. Searching for analogous situations, he looked around for models of “things that happen early.” He thought of historical models, physical models, and biological models. Finally, he remembered a particular plant, the trailing arbutus, which “happens early,” i.e., it blooms in the snow (“earlier” than other plants). One of this plant’s chief characteristics is its’ red leaves, which help the plant retain light at certain wavelengths. Kettering figured that it must be the red color, which made the trailing arbutus bloom earlier.

Now came the critical step in Kettering’s chain of thought. He asked himself, “How can I make the gasoline red?” perhaps I’ll put red dye in the gasoline—maybe that’ll make it combust earlier.” He looked around his workshop, and found that he didn’t have any red dye. But he did happen to have some iodine—perhaps that would do. He added the iodine to the gasoline and, lo and behold, the engine didn’t “knock”.

[英语作文写作的需要背诵的部分

人的一生中需要什么呢？可能有人会这样回答：“人生中需要金钱，需要名权，需要快乐与荣华富贵。”可我却并不这么想，我认为人生需要的是勤奋。试问：没有勤奋过的人生怎能称之为人生呢？

人生需要勤奋。只有勤奋过的人生才会美丽，才会如夏花般绚烂；只有勤奋过的人生才会充实，才会如宝石般完美；只有勤奋过的人生才会有价值，才会如音符般韵美。

在我的人生中，也有这么一段勤奋史：

记得初一初来乍到时，由于刚接触到新的环境，一切都不太适应，以至于月考的成绩令人咂舌。当老师宣布成绩的时候，我的心里仿佛悬着一根针，而它也终是刺痛了我。考后的那段时光，我一直很消沉，心里感觉希望、梦想什么的都离我远去。心里空了许多，丢了许多，只留下隐隐的痛，使我久久不能投入到之后的学习中去。

而让我改变想法的，是之后的一次班会上。一位同学这样说：“失败又何所畏惧，只要肯勤奋，就能实现梦想，就可以扫清一切障碍……”多么精辟的话语呀！它如一缕初春早上的阳光射入我的心房，深深震撼着我，激励着我。

从那以后，我重新打起精神。我开始勤奋，我开始为我的学习勤奋，为梦想勤奋，为人生勤奋。我不再虚度光阴，我开始珍惜属于我的每一寸时光。我全身心的投入学习，不再偷懒，不再走神，不再马虎地对待作业，不再消极地对待世事，不再对挫折睁一只眼闭一只眼。我开始走进同学，与同学互帮互助，试着欣赏他人，不再封闭自己，不再带有色眼镜……总之，那段时间我疯狂了，我不再做任何枉费人生的事了。我已经感受到，勤奋是多么快乐呀！我隐约有了满足感，或者说是人生的一种充实感。

在不久后的期中考试中，我没有让自己失望，更没有让老师和家长失望。我取得了进步，我达到了最初的目标，我离我的梦想更近了一步。有人说我是幸运，是偶然。但只有我知道，这是我勤奋的结果。若是我没有勤奋过，又怎么会有现在的成绩呢？

勤奋，人只有经过一番勤奋，才会取得成就，才会演绎真正的人生色彩。勤奋，多么富有活力的字眼，拥有它，我是多么开心。勤奋，人生需要勤奋，人生因勤奋而精彩。

如果把“成功需要什么”看作是一道选择题的话，那么这道选择题肯定是一条多选题。因为成功对于每个人的意义都是不同的，有人会说成功要努力，有人会说成功要智慧的头脑，有人会说成功要机遇，也有人会说成功要拼搏……那么也许有人会问：成功究竟需要什么呢？我当然也不会真正知道，但是我想对我来说，成功也就是这样的：

成功需要勤奋努力。俗话说：“一份耕耘一份收获。”没有努力，哪里来的成功？我国历史上著名的一位书法家王羲之，为了练好毛笔字，不断地找时间写，每次写过之后，他都会把笔放在家里的一个水池清洗一下，结果，那池水竟全部被染成了黑色。

成功需要抓住时机。古人有句话叫“酒香不怕巷子深”，但毕竟历史已经经过变迁了，现代的社会如果只坐等机遇的话，却很难被人发现，现代的社会需要在关键时刻抓住时机，这样才能更好地展示自己。

成功需要奋力拼搏。单有想要成功的心是不够的，更重要的是付诸行动，不断奋力拼搏，我们要时时刻刻保持一颗积极向上的心，不要什么事都三分钟热度。

成功需要坚忍不拔的毅力。不是有句话叫“成功贵在坚持”吗？每个人在通往成功的道路上，都会遇到各种各样的困难，这就要看你的毅力了，如果你坚持不懈的话，总有一天会取得成功，但如果你一遇到困难就轻易退缩的话，那你永远都不会取得成功。

成功所需要的东西太多太多了，我只能告诉你这些，剩下的就靠你自己去揣摩了。

毅力，是迈向成功的一种韧劲。它往往在一个人的挫折中表现出惊人的力量。只要有毅力，挫折和困难就会向人们低头，从而使人们顺利到达成功的彼岸。

读了《钢铁是怎样炼成的》这本书后，我领悟到：一个人的毅力影响着他的一生。书中主人公保尔·柯察金，一生布满了坎坷，然而他凭借着自己的毅力跨过了一个个坎。是毅力给了他力量，创造了生命中的三次奇迹与辉煌。他十几岁参加卫国战争，身负重伤，住院治疗，战胜病魔，学习不停，革命不止。这是何等可贵的动力啊！

人生的不如意十之八九，而我们不能失去信心和勇气，因为毅力是挫折喂养的。我们都知道，一步登天之事时罕见的。很多有巨大成就的人就是在挫折中锻炼了自己，考验了自己。不要以为当作家写一本书是很容易的事情，其实他们是经历了很多的挫折和历练的。马克思写《资本论》用了40年，李时珍著《本草纲目》花了30年，司马迁编写《史记》历时20多年。古今中外，谁的成功是不凭毅力而取得的

毅力需要坚持，在坚持的同时，还要有生活的节律。我们不能一味蛮干，要毅力和节律并行，两方面都不能忽视。节律过快，频率太高，要想一直坚持下去是十分困难的。生活犹如长跑，一下子冲在前面，并不是一定就能夺标。相反，如果掌握好节律，就会稳步走向成功。

有毅力是取得成功的前提，名著《钢铁是怎样炼成的》给了我信念与力量。我真正的明白了“善读可以医愚”的道理。

重庆的夏天漫长而炎热，刚放了两个月的暑假没上几天学又开始放高温假。

高温才放假，这也许就是这个名字的来历吧!天气如此之热白天都待在空调屋里吃点冷饮，看看书，写写字，几乎不出门。

一到晚上就沉不住气了，也顾不上热，换上鞋便出了门。虽已是7点过后，但大地还是没有消去炙热，知了发了疯似的叫，不少树都脱下了绿色的叶衣，连黄角树也为自己戴上了枯黄的帽子。运气最好的花，不过虽住在避阴之处也是勾达着身子。不一会我便已是满头大汗，找到一片竹林坐下歇息。

突然我发现竹林里的竹子多半还是绿的，绿得那么鲜活，绿得那么耀眼，在夕阳的映衬下，它们一个个像是归来的将士，血染青铠却还是那么充满着力量。

在群竹之下有一棵很小很小的竹子，它也不断的长着，似乎要证明自己勃勃的朝气与活力，它也与群竹融成一片。“青竹奋长不曾息，欲想比天胜一层”。它们不停长着，长着，是想长得比天还高一层，这是它们的目标，也许在这伟大的目标面前，任何热都不能阻挡它们上进的信念。恍惚间，我又想到了我自己，想想自己曾经有过多少简单而又高大的目标，但总是三分钟的热情，，一遇到困难总是不进反退，现在想想自己是多么不应该呀，这都是出于没有克服困难的勇气，与不达目的不罢休的决心。“成事之道有无数，首位为决毅”。这是一个多么简单的道理啊!

我起身离开了竹林，身后又发出一个新的竹牙，它会一直长高，长大，最终…。.

这是一个多么简单的道理啊! 我起身离开了竹林,身后又发出一个新的竹牙,它会一直长高,长大,最终…

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