初中英语说明文写作模板【精品20篇】

在我们出生之前，在妈妈肚子里时，，我们已经跟上了时代的步伐。以至于现在的孩子，追逐时代的步伐，说以现在的家长可能都会说：“现在的孩子都不像孩子。”为什么会这样，其实你们谁都不知道，但是我这样说，有的家长会说：“我不了解他（她）。”但是你们都错了。现在的孩子不是大人想象中的那样单纯，而我们心中装的哪些是你们猜不透的。

我们现在的学习压力已经够大的了，再加上家长给我们的压力，把我们稚嫩的肩膀压得没有喘气的余地了。但是这连家长都感觉不到。

现在我是一名初二的学生，而我每天面临的是那一张张严厉的面容，而至今唯一能解决这些事的，也只有睡觉。现在不是很喜欢放假，放假会有那么多的作业等待着我“批阅”。

曾经的某一天，我有过这样一个愿望：假若我有一双翅膀，那该多好啊！我可以兴天使一样，没烦恼，任凭我得自由自在，坐观天下任何事。

我明白，这件事是不可能实现的，而我最大的梦想就是給我一个小小的空间，只有我一个人，任凭我自由的发挥，没有任何人的干扰。就那么一点点，也与就是那么一点点，我也很满足了……

也许你们给我一双翅膀，我会更快乐一些，也许就会没有各种各样“乱七八糟”的念头。因为我只需要你们给我一点点，那么一点点就够了，我也不会有怨言。

给我一双翅膀，

我用它来创造一个没有痛苦，没有悲伤的地方。

给我一双翅膀，

我用来画下我的忧伤。

完成一幅美丽的图画。

让那些不快乐的情绪，化成一缕青烟，让它随风而散。

给我一双翅膀，

它能给我们开辟一片快乐的天地。

我一双翅膀……

Orginate in America in the Mothers Festival. May 9,1906, American consuming

city Jia-Wei the mother misfortune of silk dies , her grief extremely. Avoid

Japan in annual mother death anniversary, Miss An Na organizes catch up the

campaign of Sai mother, encourage other person to also express the gratitude for

own loving mother with similar way.

Hereafter, she convinces people everywhere and establishes the Mothers

Festival to the appeal of all sectors of society and call. Her appeal gets warm

response.

Through draft resolution, on May 10,1913, American Senate and House of

Representatives signs by president Wilson second that announces and decides each

years May for Sunday, is the Mothers Festival.

This measure arouses world countries, is imitated one after another,

install to 1948 Na pass away , 43 countries have established the Mothers

Festival.

1995 I went into taizhou junior middle school.Totally we had 7 classes,I was in class 4.The head-teacher of the class was a middle age woman.she was so strict with us.for example, i was catched when i ate a big rabbit sugar during class time,she asked me to buy that bland sugar one peice for everyone.in my opinion ,she hated everyting except study,everyweekend ,she asked us to study in school,sunday afternoon was just the free time for us.when she saw we played football,she must get the ball back to her office.someone who was to be in love was found by her,he would be punished just like a shit.luckyly,i was not found by her.i liked the girl who was my Elementary school schoolmate during my junior middle school.i didnt know she konwed or not.it ended when we graduated.but i liked to talk with others during class time,everytime i was found by her,she asked me to write 3000 words to explain why and how to do in future. nowadyas every time i remeber what happened in my junior middle school,i deeply appreciat her kindness.she is real a good teacher.

My junior middle school time has pasted ,but it will influece till the end of my life.

大学英语四级考试，即CET-4，College English Test Band 4的缩写，是由国家教育部高等教育司主持的全国性教学考试。下面是由小编为你精心编辑的大学英语四级作文模板：现象说明文，欢迎阅读！

英语四级现象说明文写作要点：

1、第一段，描述存在的现象，引起话题。

2、第二段，承上启下，解释这一现象的原因(原因一、二、三)

3、第三段，给出自己的观点(观点一、二、三)，总结结论。

英语四级作文模板

Recently _______,what amazes us most is______________,it is ture that__________.

There are many reasons explaining__________________________.The main reason is____________________.

what is more_________________________.thirdly__________________________.As a result_______________.

Considering all there,________________________.For one thing_____________________,for another____________.In Conclusion____________________.一种事物或现象(负面意义倾向)

In haimen there is a park. it’s a big and beautiful park. it has two gates. they are the north gate and the west gate. many people park their bikes in front of the gates.

There is a shop at the north gate. when you go into the park through the north gate, you will find a large square on your right and you will see lots of trees and flowers around you. in the west of the park, there is a playground.

Sometimes some children fly kites on it and some people sit on the grass and chat. in the middle of the park, there is a lake. there are many boats on it. there is a hill in the east of the park.

The park is very beautiful. i love it very much. will you come to visit it some day?

在多年的雅思教学中，我发现学生在实际考试中面临着不同的写作障碍，影响了考试成绩，雅思英语考试中应该如何克服写作障碍。归纳起来大致有以下几个方面：

一、真情流露，无从下笔

有的考生在考试时见到作文题，顿感思路塞车，好像有许多话要说，但又不知究竟应从那里写起。明智的做法是“投其所好、尽情发挥。”考生不妨把作文的要求量化到每一个段落，一篇250词左右的作文一般不会超过15句话，把这15句话根据题目要求分配到各段中去，每一段大概只说那么几句话，事实上往往是说得越多错误越多。因此，每句话紧扣提纲，见好就收,这才是最稳妥的对策。

二、心里明白，难以表达

在考场上有的考生题目看得懂，提纲也明白，就是不知道该说什么，头脑里一片空白。这是在雅思写作考试中的一种常见的现象，针对这一现象，最有效的办法就是要善于联想到一些具体的事实，具体的例证和具体的现象。事实上，雅思的作文题目一定是一个具有社会普遍型话题，其目的是让不同教育背景的考生都有话可说。因此，考生一定能就题目联想起具体细小的事情再形成观点。把看得见摸得着的事物带来的思考变成作文里的实质内容，这不失为一种很好的策略。

因此，当头脑出现空白时，应该由具体细小的、琐碎的、微不足道的事物所引发的思考形成观点，再进行论述。这种定式思维的形成需要多下功夫多练习。

三、一味追求标新立异，导致无从下笔

考试时通常发现有的考生聚精会神的坐在那里冥思苦想，非要想出一个与众不同的观点。陷入这种境地的考生，显然犯了一个根本性的错误，参考时间为40分钟的作文，一般应在35分钟之内完成,再用几分钟的时间检查语言错误。可有的考生十几分钟一句话都写不了，就是因为他太进入角色了，这是考试中一个很大的误区。

考作文的目的纯粹是通过这一命题形式，考查考生的英语水平如何，雅思英语《雅思英语考试中应该如何克服写作障碍》。命题人关注的是书面表达能力，而不是看一个人有没有内容，思想有没有深度，所以“一味追求标新立异”是没有必要的。

四、构思、写作不统一，落实有困难

实事求是的讲，要求考生完全运用英语思维来写作文是不现实的。很多考生在实际写作过程中，脑子里想的是中文句子，然后再把中文句子译成英文。因此采用“得其意，忘其形”的方法，忘掉中文的语法结构，句法形式则可能要整个地打乱，“钻进去，跳出来”。所谓“钻进去”就是要看意思是否到位了，“跳出来”就是要忘记中文的语言形式。实际上把英文译成中文，关键是要在转换中把意思表达出来。

针对构思、写作不统一，落实有困难情况。必须摒弃翻译中追求一一对应的关系，并机械地把中文译成英文的方法，应该把中文句子结构彻底地忘记，然后用比较简单的“万能”英语表达。平时不妨做一做这样的练习，通过阅读不认识词条的英文注解，然后试着把单词译成中文词，再去对照英汉词典的汉语释义，慢慢地就会开始领会用英语表达的门道了。

五、被动心态压抑新构思

尽管雅思考试作文为规定式命题，但考生仍可积极主动地发挥。其主动性在于采取回避的策略，表达上采取迂回的方式，即运用不很复杂的语言。内容的取舍上避重就轻地写比较易于表达的内容。很多人在写作过程中从头至尾都处于被动状态，当有内容想要表达清楚的时候，却又发现种种途径都不可能表达好，只好硬着头皮把自己意识到没把握的东西勉强写上去。连自己都意识到可能是错误的东西，只会产生于己不利的负面影响。所以，当有的内容感觉一点找不着，英语实在表达不清楚的时候，就应该彻底地放弃。单词拼写错误也是雅思考试作文写作的一大问题。常用单词是不能拼错的，有的单词平时会拼写，考试时突然没把握了，不妨换一下或许还能想起另外一个难度大一点、拼写有把握的来代替。应该回避明确知道自己不会拼写的词。如果没法换一个词，将句子改换一种说法亦未尝不可。有的考生在考卷上没把握的地方标上问号，或者把两种可能都写上，让判卷老师选择，这个方法是不可取的。

总之，不能让自己陷人被动，想说什么，用什么方式说。说多少，说到什么程度。一切都应由考生主动把握，这样才会减少心理上的压力，

Since the first day of my winter vacation, I’ve decided to make it a

valuable and enjoyable one. I made a plan to finish my homework within the first

week, and after days of hard working, I actually got all my assignments done a

day earlier. I am pretty proud of myself for not —as usual —hang out with my

friends until the last few days of my vacation and rush through my homework.

In the rest of my winter vacation, I made up my mind to improve my reading

skills. I’ve had tons of books that I simply bought and put them on my shelf,

wishing some day they would be finished themselves. But this time, I realized I

was not trying my best last term and decided to make some change. I finished a

couple of novels and watched some classic movies, I also went to a library to

borrow some new books for next term. The more I read the more enthusiastic I

became, and now I’ve developed my reading skills a lot.

Another event in my winter vacation is that I went to hiking with my

parents. It was a warm, sunny day, which is pretty precious during winter time.

I can still remember the scene when we drove

My father bought a computer as a birthday present for me last year. It

becomes my best friend in my room. Id like to play on the computer as soon as I

get home. At weekends, I often play games on line with my friends. Ive made a

lot of friends on the Intenet. But my eyesight becomes poorer and poorer, and I

am not able to finish my homework on time. Its terrible that my father will

remove the computer. From now on, I should pay more attention to my study.

Dear Peter,

Hi,I am Lihua.I am you best friend. l hear that you are portically

interested in our Chinese culture,so I invented you join confusion

institute.

At the beginning of,l will sound you join confusion institute for you

happy.

Secondly, confused Institute including major Charities is kongzi.he is the

oldest world thinks and famous.He think a human being should kindness and hope

to peace,he has many students.so think studying mix to image.more and more

thinks. I will sent you to the email, I hope to for your hhelp.

Nowadays, there are more and more confucius Institute, its important to

learn Chinese culture.

As far as I know,many people join confucius Institute,I hope you take hold

of the chance.

Finally, I am looking forward to your come and letters.

Yours sincerely,

Lihua

After a long cold winter when I have rarely been out on my bike, the weather has finally turned warmer and even sunny occasionally. Yesterday I had a surprise call from Tom suggesting we turn out for a short ride. This being my intention anyway I gladly agreed and we met up at Jiedaokou Station at about ten o’clock.

As Tom has a permanent Sunday Lunch appointment at 12-30pm we opted to make a round trip to Hannan . The weather was cloudy but dry and as we were both a bit out of condition after a long winter lay off we took the easy option of taking the train to Shiyan to get us on top of the ridge with an easy start for the trip.

A long coast down to Jiangtan and straight on to Mount End saw us climbing up to Zhongshan Park. The climb got stiffer but still Tom kept on riding. Gritting my teeth I followed on and crested the hill, Then the usual Essex switchback with an enforced short walk for both of us part way along saw us at Tawny common. Round the common we went, to the Mole Trap, an erstwhile rough old country pub now tarted up for the motorists. I don’t go in there any more, so we sat on the adjacent public seat for a while and a short natter.

Time enough to break away, Tom to his lunch appointment, me for home by way of theYellow Crane Tower and Changjiang Bridge. See you in a while, crocodile! I arrived home about 2 o’clock. Just in time for my own Sunday lunch .

[阅读初中英语作文

Sister home has a lovely puppy, she is happy, as to why give her the name? It is because the sister wanted the dog every day happy, so give her a happy name.

Happy with a pair of watery eyes, like a pair of black gems, there is not a long straight teeth. Happy hair is black and white, especially eye-catching, look very good!

Sister said: "happy very like to eat bread." Then put a piece of bread handed me, I will be this piece of bread on the happy head of the high 1 m place, happy to jump up, but how to jump eat If youre gone, youre gone. I jumped to the front in front of me, happy to the startled, I put the bread in front of happy, step by step to go back, happy to keep up with step by step, I baked the bread, happy immediately Ran past, and soon, happy to dang back from the bread. I turned my head and said to my sister, "Sister, happy and so nice!" I turned back and said to you, "Happy, this bread is rewarded for you." My voice is running, Listen to the words, devour to eat bread.

Happy very lively. Every time I go out to play, happy to jump to me, as if to say: I also want to go out to play, you take me out with the good? Happy too cute, I can not bear to refuse it, take it together Go out, we came to the field, happy to see the East, West look, look very lively. I saw a stream in front of it, with a happy came to the creek next to a large stone, sat down. Who knows, I sat down, happy to go to the small stream of water, really like a child.

Happy to sleep when cute than anyone else, I came to the happy "room" before, happy as if sleeping baby, and as if it is like a ceramic doll, a touch will be broken.

Happy sometimes better than anyone else, when we clean up, happy will help. It is stepping on a piece of cloth, in the help of garbage collection!

I am so happy! How lovely it is, how lively it is, how well it is!

Everybody has a best friend that they can share everything with. I also

have a best friend. We met in school, and were in the same grade.

My best friend is a good student because he is very hardworking. I learn a

lot from him. He helps me with math; I help him with English. We always help

each other. Besides that, hes honest and reliable. I trust him completely and

we share secrets all the time.

My best friend is a loyal and brave boy. When a bully teased me, he came to

my rescue right away. He always remembers my birthday and he is fun to be with.

He tells funny jokes and stories. He always makes me laugh. Finally, he is a

very good listener and he knows how to cheer me up when Im down. I hope well

stay friends forever.

高考英语任务型写作训练练习（一）

读写任务（满分25分）

请阅读以下的短文，然后根据提供的任务说明和写作要求， 写一篇150字左右的英语短文。

（任务说明）

1.概括短文的内容要点（该部分的字数大约60-80）；

2.清楚地陈述你自己的看法；

3.提供具有一定说服力的论据或实例来支持你的观点，可以参照文中的内容，但不能抄袭文中的句子；

4.文章体裁不限，但必须结构合理，内容连贯，有条理性。

（阅读材料）

Almost everyone knows that water covers three-fourths of the earths surface. Most of it， however， is in the oceans and is too salty to drink. Also， some of it is frozen and cannot be used. In fact， less than one percent is left for the use of people， animals and plant life. All through history men have tried to build their homes near the sources of fresh water. Now fresh water is becoming scarce， but more and more is needed because of the increasing number of people in the world. Some industries also use large amounts of fresh water in the production of things such as steel， petroleum， paper and rubber and so on. Scientists estimate that the need for fresh water will have doubled by the year 2003. If they are correct， we must find new ways of saving it or producing it. Some nations have worked on the problem and are already sharing their information with others. They are trying to keep their rivers from becoming polluted. Deep wells are also being dug， and rain water is being collected in huge artificial lakes. In one way or another， they hope to provide enough water to satisfy the needs of their people.

参考范文

With the worldwide increase of population， more and more water is needed. Meanwhile，the water sources are getting polluted by human beings in one way or another. Some nations are taking measures to solve this problem. They even communicate with each other hoping to find better ways to save and produce water to meet the needs of their people.

随着世界范围内的人口增长,越来越需要更多的水。与此同时,水源被污染,人类以一种方式或另一种方式。一些国家正在采取措施来解决这个问题。他们甚至相互沟通希望能找到更好的方法来保存并生成水来满足人民的需要。

On a personal level， to solve the problem with fresh water， both the government and inpiduals should make every effort. For example， for the government， it is urgent to make detailed laws that require businesses and inpiduals to stop polluting the environment and to save water while it is not necessarily used. Besides， education should be offered to all the citizens to raise their awareness of the importance of protecting environment and saving water. As inpiduals， we need to take action to play our own part in our everyday life.

在个人层面上,用淡水来解决这个问题,政府和个人都应该尽一切努力。例如,对于政府来说,迫在眉睫的是做出详细的法律,要求企业和个人停止污染环境,节约用水,而不一定是使用它。除此之外,教育应该提供给所有的公民提高他们的意识保护环境和节约用水的重要性。作为个人,我们需要采取行动来扮演自己的角色在我们的日常生活。

Childhood is often regarded as a memorable and beautiful period of one’s life and I passed it happily as a grade-school student. My grade school days were really carefree ones. I got along well with my classmates and On holidays we strolled along the street visited the park and shared one another s candies The teacher of our class was a patient woman who took pains to teach us how to behave and often accompanied us to play games after class-games which were enlivened by songs prattle and laughters. My grade school days were surely the happiest time in my life. Though in retrospect what I did long ago is some-what childish it is nevertheless unforgettable.

书面表达是英语写作的重要组成部分，有不少学生觉得用英语写作很难，不知从何练起。笔者教学实践发现，首先要具备扎实的基础知识，抓住课本教学来培养学生的写作能力，立足教材，由易到难，由浅入深，采取多种形式来加强书面表达训练，这样英语写作水平才能得到提高。

一是通过词汇教学训练写作能力。要写好文章不是一朝一夕就能达到的，必须从最基础的词汇入手。教学中，教师要注意加强词汇方面的训练，力求给学生交代清楚每一个词语的具体用法。对一些重点的、核心的词汇讲清，讲透每个词语的单独用法和搭配用法。为了更有效地与课本结合起来，每学完一个单元，根据本单元的单词、短语造句，举一反三，帮助学生扩大词汇量，使学生词不离句，强化写作训练。

二是通过一句多译练习训练写作能力。就七年级学生而言，他们虽然接触英语学习时间不长，但教师还是要注重引导学生多做一些一句多译练习，这样有助于启发学生的写作思路。考试时选择自己有把握的句子灵活地表达同一内容，减少失误，提高得分率。通过做汉译英练习，暴露出学生受母语影响的问题，对这些问题我及时进行讲评和纠正。这样，有利于培养和规范学生的英语表达能力。

三是结合课文进行各种体裁的写作训练。目前，信息来源的渠道多种多样，学生课文中有记叙、日记、通知、便条、书信、广告和说明等多种体裁，文中还有大量的插图，教师可利用图片让学生进行看图写作。要学好英语写作就必须从课文练起，从一些常见的文体练起，由短到长，由浅入深，循序渐进地进行。

四是通过背诵训练写作。培养学生的英语写作能力，以课文为中心训练写作能力非常重要，因为课文中的句子就是规范的英语范文。因此，每学完一篇课文或对话，教师就要要求学生背诵，然后默写。这样使学生把词语放在句型、段落、篇章中去理解、记忆和体味，以至于能够仿写、改写。

五是通过仿写和改写训练写作能力。仿写也是提高英语写作能力行之有效的方法，模仿写作中，格式、构思、表达方式等方面都可模仿。但要提醒学生注意灵活变通，语句要通顺，符合英语表达习惯。仿写前要从时态，句型，内容选材等方面对学生加以辅导，指导学生怎样模仿，特别提醒学生注意时态。

另外，改写也是一种很好的方法，改写就是对文章材料的文体、式样、句式等进行改编的一种训练方式。无论是改人称、改时态，还是改对话材料为叙述文字，这都有助于学生复习巩固所学知识，又能培养学生所学知识的迁移运用能力，还能起到提高学生的写作能力。

总之，要提高学生的英语写作能力，就要培养学生养成良好的学习习惯。即：重视词、短语、造句，优秀的对话和课文要背诵，多做翻译练习，练习改写和仿写，结合课文进行各种体裁的写作训练。只有坚持不懈，持之以恒，才能写出准确、地道、规范的英语文章。

Protecting the Environment

In the last several decades, our earth has been extremely polluted, such as air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution and so on. In recent years, the extreme weather becomes more and more frequent. Winter gets colder and summer becomes hotter and it rains more frequently. All of these warn us that protecting the environment is a serious and emergent event. As our general people, we should build proper lifestyle. We should pay attention to water and light saving. When we go out, we should firstly choose the public transportation. The most important is that we must realize that we can do a lot of things to protect our environment. Its our duty to make our home better. Let’s change from ourselves.

在过去的几十年里，我们的地球已经极度污染，比如大气污染，水污染以及噪音污染等等。近几年，极地气候越来越频繁。冬天越来越暖，夏天越来越热，还经常下雨。所有的这些都警示我们保护环境是一件严肃紧迫的事。作为普通老百姓，我们应该形成合适的生活方式。我们应该注意节约水电。出门的时候我们应该首选公共交通。最重要的是我们必须意识到我们可以做很多事情来保护我们的环境。使我们的家园变得更美好是我们的责任。让我们从自己开始改变。

[初中英语作文及翻译：保护环境

说明文是一种对事物作客观说明的一种文体，目的在于给予读者知识。以下是小学生说明文的写作方法，欢迎阅读。

小学生对说明文的写作最感头痛，往往举步维艰。 其实，说明文只要理顺了头绪，把阅读说明文和写作说明文结合起来，以阅读课文为写作借鉴的范例，多观察、多分析、多练习，就能逐步学会选用恰当的说明方法，正确而有条理地说明事物的特征。 说明文的特点主要有说明性、知识性、科学性、实用性。说明文，即用来解释或说明事物、理论、方法、过程或某种抽象概念的文章。 说明文的基本目的就是说清楚。也就是说，要让人看了文章后对文章中解释或说明的对象有清晰明确的认识。这就决定了说明文的基本特征是客观和科学。

说明文的手法  说明文首要的一点是明确说明的对象，然后用准确的语言，结合多种说明手法对之进行介绍和描述。

常用的说明手法

举例子、列数字、分类别、

打比方、下定义、做引用、

作比较、摹状貌、画图表、

作假设、作诠释

作用举例：

1．举例子：具体形象地说明……(说明对象)的……特征，使说明更具体。

[举例子]：将复杂的、抽象的事物或概念，用具体、形象、易于理解的典型事例来说明。例如说明死海的“死”，列举海水中没有鱼虾、水草，甚至连海边也寸草不生的事例作证;说明死海的“不死”，列举即使不会游泳的人，也总是浮在水面上，不用担心会被淹死的事例，让人信服。

2．列数字：科学准确地说明……的……特征，使说明更具说服力。

[列数字]：些事物从数量上便于说明特征，可以运用一些数字来说明。例如《太阳》中：其实，太阳离我们有一亿五千万公里远。到太阳上去，如步行，日夜不停地走，差不多要走三千五百年;就是坐飞机，也要飞二十几年。

3．分类别：条理清晰地说明……的……的特征，使说明更具条理性。

分类别的说明方法，是一个大的概念中，包含着若干的小的概念，这若干小的概念同属一个大范畴而又相互并列，没有主从关系，更没有比较的特点。

4．做比较：清晰明了地说明……的……的特征，使说明更具说服力。

[作比较]：把被说明的事物与其他事物进行比较，显示事物的特征。通过比较，可以认识事物的特殊点、或被说明的事物与其他事物的共同点。

例如《太阳》中：“我们看太阳，觉得它并不大，实际上它大得很，130万个地球才能抵得上一个太阳。”拿地球跟太阳作比较，突出地说明了太阳的体积之大这一特点。

作比较的说明方法、一般有主有从，主事物是被说明对象，从事物不是要说明的对象，而只是为说明主事物服务的，为了说明人们所不熟悉的主事物，而选一个人们熟悉的从事物跟它相比以让人们更清楚地了解主事物的某种特点，这就是作比较，

5．打比方：生动形象地说明……的……特点，增强文章的趣味性。

[打比方]：把此事物比作彼事物从而把此事物的特征解说得确切具体、浅显易懂。例如《太阳》中：“太阳会发光，会发热，是个大火球。”这打比方，把太阳的形状及会发光发热的特点生动地反映出来了。

6．下定义：用简明科学的语言对……加以揭示，从而更科学、更本质、更概括地揭示事物的特征、事理。

在语言要求上，下定义的语句要求是个明确的判断，语言形式一般为“某某是什么?”或“某某叫什么”语言要求准确、概括、简洁，不允许出现比喻、拟人等修辞方法而作诠释就没有这些限制，只要做到说明准确、严密即可。

下定义即用简明的语言对事物的本质属性作概括性的说明，以便确定被说明事物的范围和界限。

7．作诠释：对……加以具体的揭示说明，使说明更加通俗易懂。

作诠释是注释说明，一般对事物作通俗的介绍，对事理的性质和特点进行解说。

8．引资料：具体地说明了……的……的特征，是说明更具说服力。

[引用]：引用有关名言、资料、典故、诗词、民彦、俗语、传说等充当说明的内容或依据来说明、介绍事物。例如《太阳》中：有这么一个传说：古时候，天上有十个太阳，晒得地面寸草不生，人们热得受不了，就找一个箭法很好的人射掉了九个，只留下一个，地面上才不那么热了。

9．摹状貌：生动形象地说明了……的……的特征，使说明更具体。

10．列图表：直观形象地说明了……的……的特点，是说明更具体。

说明文的分类

一、对象

按说明的对象不同分为：

1、事物说明文：着重在于说明的成因、构造、形状、用途等。如《中国石拱桥》;

2、事理说明文：重在说明事理。事理说明文旨在解释事物本身的道理或内部规律地，如《统筹方法》等。

这两类说明文常用的也有一定的区别。比如事物说明文重在说明事物的物理特征，常用的是下定义、分类别等说明手法，事理说明文重在说明事物的逻辑特征，要用到引资料、作比较等说明手法。但时候，在同一篇文章中，几种说明手法都要用到，相辅相成，互为补充。

二、语言

从语言表达方式上可分为：

平实说明文和文艺性说明文。

说明文的语言要求准确和简明。有的说明文要讲究语言的平实，有的讲究语言的生动。但不论是平实还是生动，都要求准确、简明，要注意说明文的科学性。主要有以下几点：

一. 简洁性。说明文的遣词造句，应简洁平实、通俗易懂。

二. 准确性。说明文以传授知识为目的，这就要求它必须用准确的语言，如实地反映事物的特征、本质、规律。说明文的语言的准确性是说明文语言的先决条件。表示时间、空间、数量、范围、程度、特征、性质、程序等，都要求准确无误。

三、科学性。介绍科学知识的说明文，要特别注重科学术语的准确使用。

四、严密性。为了使读者对较复杂的事物、较深奥的事理有明晰确切的理解，说明文常常恰当地使用修饰和限制词语，讲究语言的周到严密。

五、条理性。任何事物都具有它本身的条理，我们说明事物就要按照它本身的条理来安排说明顺序，使之眉目清楚，有条不紊。

六. 逻辑性。有的说明文，要从事物的内在联系上进行说明，语言逻辑性强。

七. 趣味性。叶圣陶先生说：“说明文不一定就是板起面孔来说话，说明文未尝不可带一点风趣。

说明文语言的准确性体现在如下几个方面：

①、表示时间

对时间的说明要尽量做到精确，如：一天有24小时，每小时有60分种，每分钟有60秒。但是像“这座桥（赵州桥）修建于公元605年左右，到现在已经一千三百多年了。”（茅以升《中国石拱桥》），这里的两处数字说明，由于年代久远，只能用推测的方法，表面上看似乎不精确，实际上正好体现了说明文语言的准确性。

②、表示空间

“我国的建筑，从古代的宫殿到近代的一般住房，绝大部分是对称的……”（叶圣陶《苏州园林》）这里的“绝大部分”表明并非所有的“宫殿”和“住房”都是对称的，也有少部分并不对称，这种客观的说明同样体现了说明文语言的准确性。

③、表示范围

“死海地处约旦和巴勒斯坦之间南北走向的大裂谷的中段，它的南北长80公里，东西宽约5至17公里，海水平均深度300米，最深的地方大约有400米。

I Like Basketball

My favorite Sports is basketball. It looks so cool in TV that I was crazy about those basketball stars ever since I was little.

Basketball requires speed, height and skills. I run, jump, switch, and try to hit! All parts of my body are exercised in this sport. I feel that I’m like wind flying in the playground for my goal, which makes me feel so GREat!

Basketball needs quick reaction and decision. When chance comes, it may disappear in the next second. I should keep an eye watching as an eagle, decide and judge quickly as a leopard, and run for it as a wolf.

Further more, basketball is a sports more than just exercising, It needs team work. No one can play himself. A team should work together. So I learn to cooperate with others in this game. I should understand what my teammate doing and what he needs me to do for him. On the other side, I should learn to show my teammate what I need. At the same time, I need to keep an eye on the whole game, knowing how is the situation of our team and how is the other team. It involved more cooperation and strategy.

I played basketball more for about 5 years now. I make many good friends throught this sports. It is proud to win honor for my team and my school. Also I enjoy all games with my friends. Basketball will be my best friends in the future and my best memory about school life.

[我喜欢篮球初中英语优秀作文

Nowadays mobile phones are becoming more and more popular among the middle

school students. Some students think that it is easy to use them to keep in

touch with parents and classmates.Also，they can be used to listen to music or

take photos. But others think that we dont need to talk with parents and

classmates with mobile phones，because we meet them every day. And mobile phones

may influence our study。

In my opinion，its not wrong to follow the fashion，but the most important

thing is how to use the mobile phone in a right way。

英语作文怎么写？写不好作文是很多初中生存在的问题。而作文是初中英语考试的重要内容，怎么才能写一篇高分英语作文呢？下面是星火小编给大家总结的一些英语写作经验，大家可以看看。

要写好作文，首先要写好开头，怎么写开头呢？下面是一些不同的开头表达方式，大家可以参考看看。

“开门见山”式开头

即要用简单明了的语言引出文章的话题，使人一开始就能了解文章要说明的内容。

①.对于叙事类的文章，可以在开头把人物、时间、事件和环境交代清楚。

如“A Trip to Huangshan(黄山之旅)”的开头就可以是：Last month, my family went to Huangshan by train. It took us ten hours to get there. What a long and tiring journey! We were tired but the beautiful scenery excited us.

②.对于论述性的文章，可以在开头处先阐明自己的观点，接着展开进一步的论述。

如“The Time and the Money(时间和金钱)”的开头可以是：Most people say that money is more important than time. But I don’t think so. First, when money is used up, you can earn it back，but?

这样就将自己想要谈到的话题表达清楚了，接下来再继续论述就可以了。

回忆性开头

在描述事件或游记类的文章中，采用回忆性的开头往往更能吸引人的眼球。这种类型的开头中通常含有描述自己心情或情绪的词汇，如never forget (永远无法忘记), remember (记得)，unforgettable (难以忘怀的), exciting(令人激动的)，surprising(令人惊讶的), sad (难过的)……如“A Trip to Huangshan(黄山之旅)”的开头还可以这样写：I will never forget my first trip to Huangshan. 或It was really an unforgettable experience I had.

疑问性开头

在叙事类或论述性的文章中，都可采用疑问型开头，这样既可以吸引阅卷者的注意又容易抓住中心。

如“Planting Trees(种树)”的开头可以是：Have you ever planted trees? Don’t you think planting trees is ……

再如“Traveling Abroad(出国之旅)”的开头可以是：If you have an opportunity to travel abroad, why not consider Singapore?

倒叙式开头

在有的文章，特别是叙事类的文章中，可以采用倒叙的写作手法，先写出事件的结果，再陈述过程。

如“Catching Thieves (捉贼)”的开头可以这样写：I lay in bed in the hospital. I smiled at my friends even though my legs hurt. Do you want to know what happened to me? Let me tell you. It’s a … story.

倒叙式的写法有一些难写，并且在写作过程中很有可能出现时态混淆的问题，在此建议大家在写作过程中尽量不要倒叙式的方式，避免犯错。

开了一个好头之后，当然要开始写文章的主体部分了，那就是文章的正文。

文章的正文应以文章的开头为线索，具体地叙述、说明或论证文章的主题。文章不论长短，每个段落都必须为主题服务。像说明文和议论文这一类的文章，一个主题还常分成几个小主题，每个小主题要用一个段落处理，另起一段时，应是一层新的意思。每一段的开头，要放一个表示段落小主题的主题句，这样可使文章条理化，易于阅读，便于读者抓住主题。段内的所有句子应围绕主题句的意义加以阐述或论证，为中心思想服务。句子之间应衔结自然，有条不紊，而且还要合乎逻辑，段落中不能出现任何与主题无关的句子；英语写作比较重视主题句的作用，缺少它段落意义就会含糊不清。主题句也可放在段落的中间和末尾等部位，但对初学者来说，以放在段首为好。

在记叙文中，段的结构有时可以很简单，不需要有主题句，叙事一气呵成，中途没有停顿。段与段之所以分开，只是为了起修辞作用，以便把某一细节置于显著的地位。

分段是文章组织上重要的一步，在写一篇文章的时候，一般都会将文章分为3段，第一段也就是文章的开头，第二段是主体部分，第三段自然就是结尾了。当然也可以分成4段等，不管怎么分段，都请大家要记住，在写一篇作文的时候，一定不可以不分段。

接下来就是文章的结尾了，以下是一些写好结尾的方法

1.自然结尾，点明主题。随着文章的结束，文章自然而然地结尾。

如“Helping the Policeman(帮助警察)”的结尾可以是：The two children were praised by the police and they felt happy.

再如“The Tortoise and the Hare(龟兔赛跑)”的结尾可以是：When the hare got to the tree, the tortoise had already been there。

2.首尾呼应，升华主题。在文章的结尾可以用含义较深的话点明主题，深化主题，起到“画龙点睛”的效果。

如“I Love My Hometown(我爱家乡)”的结尾可以是：I love my hometown, and I am proud of it.

3.反问结尾，引起深思。这种方式的结尾虽然形式是问句，但意义却是肯定的，而且具有一定的强调作用，可引起他人的深思。

如 “Learning English can Give us a Lot of Pleasure (学英语能为我们带来许多乐趣)” 的结尾可以是：If we learn English well, we can …Don’t you think learning English is great fun?

4.表达祝愿，阐述愿望

这种方式的结尾常出现在书信或演讲稿的文体中，表示对他人的祝福或对将来的展望等。

如“A Letter to the Farmers(给农民们的一封信)”的结尾可以是：I hope the farmers’life will be better and better. 另外，书信的结尾常有以下形式的祝福语：Best wishes；I wish you a merry Christmas and a happy new year；I wish you have a good time等。

第四种方法在中考作文中并不会太常用到，中考作文一般都不会要求写关于书信方面的文章，大家可以只是稍加了解。

[初中英语作文写作方法技巧

This holiday is very interesting. When walking on the street, the advertisements are full of walls. People walking across the street must stop to see the noticeable advertisements, and the funny words cant help laughing.

First look at the first advertisement on the side of the east wall. "Why not slow" brand cough cough syrup for children, look, what, this advertisement some taste it to see this, advertisers, who do not want to buy a bottle. Now the business can really do, using the homonym of idioms to do advertising, really one stone, one word, a word, cattle.

And then look at the southeastern ad. "Haste is not", look, do you know what it means? Is to say, the shower time is too short, can not achieve a certain purpose. Haha, shower or shower to shower the knowledge, a long time, that cant be soaked through. Hey, this ad is a bit of a taste.

And then look at the advertisement on the north side. "Chicken can not lose, the flavor of the Roast Chicken, high quality and inexpensive, wow, this advertisement is too tempting. Here, who dont go and buy only Roast Chicken to snack. Really, "chicken [machine] cant be lost, lost again."

Finally, look at the street east the hotel in front of the advertisement, "Qing Ling Hotel", do not look at these words, a look, a few words that glittering under the sign of "the food package you high quality and inexpensive, eat whole foods [ten] [ten] beauty", eat also want to eat". Why, this advertisement is pretty good. The boss of this shop is really smart. He must be a knowledgeable person. If not, how can I think of using homophonic idioms to advertise? I believe the business of this shop must be very hot.

The present society is very diverse and colorful. With the progress of the times and the development of science and technology, the intelligence quotient of people is also getting higher and higher. Look, how beautiful the world is, how interesting it is.

This holiday is really full and interesting.

这个假期，真是有趣，走在大街上，大大小小的广告语贴满了围墙，走过那条街的人，不免都要停下脚步来看看这引人注目的广告，那上面滑稽的字语，也不免惹人哈哈大笑。

先看东墙边的第一条广告吧。“咳不容缓”咳咳牌小儿止咳糖浆，看，咋样，这个广告有些品味吧，看了这个广告的人，谁不想去买一瓶呢。现在的商家可真行，利用成语的谐音来做广告，真是一举两得，一个字，牛。

接下来看看东南边的那条广告吧。“欲速则不达”，看，知道这是啥意思吗？就是说呀，淋浴时间过短，不能达到一定的目的。哈哈，淋浴也淋出学问来了，那淋的时间长了，那不成落汤鸡了。嘿，这个广告也有点品位。

然后再看看北边的这条广告吧。“鸡不可失”，香喷喷的烤鸡，物美价廉，哇塞，这个广告可太诱人了。说到这儿，谁不先去买只烤鸡来解解馋呀。真可谓，‘鸡[机]不可失，失了再来呀。

最后来看看街东头那家饭店门前的广告吧，“清凌大饭店”，别光看这几个字，定睛一瞧，招牌下那几个闪闪发光的小字，“本店食品物美价廉，包您‘食[十]全食[十]美’，吃了还想吃”。咋样，这个广告不错吧，这家店大老板可真聪明，肯定是个见识广的人，要不咋会想到用成语的谐音来做广告呢。我相信，这家店的生意一定很火吧。

现在的社会真是丰富多样，多姿多彩。随着时代的进步，科技的发达，人们的智商也越来越高。放眼望去，这个世界多么美丽，多么有趣啊。

这个假期，真是充实又有趣。