初中英语说明文写作模板(最新20篇)

What#39;s the meaning of a friend to you?

Maybe you think that a friend is someone who will listen to you when you#39;re filled with sorrow.

Maybe you think that a friend is someone who will give you a gift on your birthday.

But to me, a friend is someone I can rely on.

When I was eight years old, I met, my best friend, Jennifer. Her personality was different from mine.

She#39;s very resolute and brave. When I was sad, she was the person who would sit next to me, comforting me.

When I was happy, she was the person with whom I could share my joy. As of now, we have been friends for eight years.

Although we#39;re not classmates anymore, I believe that we#39;ll still be good friends tomorrow and forever.

Last week, my friends asked me to spend the weekend in the house that near

the lake. It is one of my friends’ house, where their families often spend the

holiday together. Though the house was not big, the environment around was

really beautiful. In the daytime, we walked around the lake and appreciated the

beauty of nature. At night, we made some food and barbecued. It was such a happy

time that we sung and danced. We talked about our future thoughts. Before we

went to bed, we watched movies together and discussed the plot. This is the most

wonderful moment for us. We share our happiness and have no annoyance.

Most people miss their grade school days and think they are the happiest time of their life, but whenever I recall them I cannot help feeling a little sad. In my young days I disliked any dismal atmosphere and could not bear the feeling of loneliness, yet the fact was that I often lived in a dismal home and frequently had the bitter taste of lonesomeness. I was not cheerful even in the company of my classmates at the grade school I attended. When I was alone at home the dismal atmosphere often filled me with fear even though thought here went to work in the morning but always came later than I did. For a young person like me t was too bad. Not until I was about sixteen years old had I outgrown t feeling of fear. Then there was that nagging feeling of loneliness either at home of at school. My father changed his job several times and with each change of his job we had to move and I had to attend a different grade school. Before I finished my elementary education I had attended three grade schools and thus it was difficult for me to cultivate enduring friendships. The feeling of being friendless was a constant source of pain to me. Those unhappy grade school days have of course long been over. I still have an abhorrence for any dismal atmosphere and lonesomeness, but hardened by experience I now find them less disturbing than they were.

My name is Li Xing, a boy in fourteen years old. I come from Dalian, Liaoning Province, which is a beautiful and energetic city. Every year, thousands of tourists visit there. There are three people in my family, my parents and I. My parents are doctors who work in a big hospital in my city. I have many interests. Swimming, reading and movie are my favorites, which bring color to my busy study life. In study, I am good at Chinese and English, while math is my weakness. I work very hard to improve it, but it doesn’t work very well. Besides, I am easygoing and likely to make friends with others. Friendship is an important part of my life.

我叫李兴，今年十四岁。我来自辽宁省大连市。这是一个美丽而又充满活力的城市。每年都有成千上万的游客来这里参观。我家共有三口人，父母和我。我的父母都是大医院的医生。我有很多爱好，其中游泳，阅读和电影是我最喜欢的。它们给我忙碌的学习生活带来了很多色彩。我擅长语文和英语，而数学则是我的弱项。尽管我很努力去提高它，但是并没有很大的作用。除此之外，我也是个外向的人，喜欢和别人做朋友。友情是我生活中重要的一部分。

这就是我，一个完完整整的我，一个不一样的我，一个地球上仅有的我，希望我给大家留下很好的印象哦。

[初中这就是我英语作文

In our English Class, we often have group activities. There are usually three or four students in one group. In my opinion, the group activities help us study English better. First of all, we should know what the task is all about and how we will do it. Second, we have to make ourselves understood that what we try to conevy.

We should know that each group member should play a different role and students should work together.

If we have any questions, we should turn to our teacher for help.

At the same time, we should have communicate with our group members. Last but not least, we must preform our activities in front of the whole class. It helps us to learn English better.

在英语课堂中,我们经常组织集体活动。一般来说,每个组都有3、4名学生。在我看来,小组活动能帮助我们更好的学习英语。首先,我们得知道小组的任务是什么,我们应该怎么做。其次,我们要让他人明白自己所表达的东西。每个组员都扮演着不同的角色,学生们要相互合作。如果我们有任何问题,可以向老师求教。与此同时,我们应该与其他的组员进行交流。最后一点,我们必须要在全部同学的面前表演所接受的任务。做表演让我们的英语学得更好。

[初中英语作文：小组活动能帮助我们更好的学习英语

Autumn rain is the rain Ive ever seen in all the season, my favorite rain I am in the fall of the rain, also love autumn this season.

Blink of an eye, that pungent summer girl gone, this naughty autumn brother and walked a strong step to bounce to the ground. He ran to the trees, the leaves of the trees turned yellow; he ran to the grass, and the grass withered; he ran to the people, and people put on the feathers. Perhaps his naughty annoyed the gods, probably his naughty angered God, this is not, the weather has changed.

The whole sky is covered with dark clouds, the weather is very hot, people feel very uncomfortable, animals and I have the same feeling: the fish head to the surface, perhaps the weather is too boring, the fish once again buried his head The ants are pressing down one by one, climbing the hole to find food; occasionally see the road afraid of moving a snake. Rain, you down, you down, animals are also looking forward to a heavy rain!

After a little while, Lei Gong, the mother with their thousands of children - light rain came, a thunder to break the silence, followed by, thin rain fell down, more and more, the more To the greater, and finally, ten million "big soybeans" dripping from the sky. The crowds opened their mouths and tried to suck the sweet rain; the animals made a call, as if they were washing a cool one, and the children around me and I ran to the rain, Wet your clothes and hair, enjoy playing. Rain hit the roof, issued a "pound" sound; rain hit people in the animal umbrella, issued a "bang bang" sound, as if a "rain sonata."

Rain for a long time, finally stopped at the end, the sky appeared a rainbow, the air seems to be filtered like, very fresh, people began a normal work.

Autumn rain really beautiful ah! I love this autumn rain, I love this beautiful autumn!

【论文摘要】在高考英语试题中，写作是有效提高学生整体成绩的重要手段，写作是目的也是为了测试学生直接运用英语表达的能力而设置的，因此通常都会放在试卷的最后面作为压轴题出现。在高考英语写作要求中，明确提出要让考生运用所学知识进行书写，能组词成句、组句成文，语句符合英语语法和习惯。在写出的书面材料中，要求达到：切中题意，文理通顺，语言准确，得当。那么，怎样才能在高考英语写作中出类拔萃呢？这正是本文要探讨的内容。

一、有的放矢，了解高考英语写作要点

要对高考英语写作的题型及内容有所了解，才能把握好高考英语写作的考点，在此基础上才能找到行之有效的对策及方法。纵观近几年各省高考英语试题中，写作测试的命题思路，有一种从指导性写作逐步向半开放式写作过渡的趋势。半开放式写作，具体地说，就是给考生们提供一定的材料(包括图、文或图文结合)然后要求学生根据材料来进行书面表达，这样的考题形式，既限制了考生随心所欲的思维，又给予考生适当的发挥空间。这种命题方式能较好地考查考生的语言组织能力、书面表达能力以及思维能力。而在文体方面，记叙文、议论文、应用文及书信为最常见的写作题材。因此，我们可以做一个形象的比喻，写文章就像工厂里制造一台机器那样，首先要确定机器由几部分组成，然后对这几部分分别细化，形成初步的设计图；再根据要求对初步的设计图进行完善、补充、修改，随之形成最终的设计图；然后我们再按照图纸的设计，使用我们所掌握的零件去制造出机器；同样的道理，学生写作时可参照以下模式：

1．理解话题：学生在动笔前必须对指定的话题进行反复细读，认真思考，理解其真正的含义，了解出题者的意图，这是进行写作的第一步；

2．明确文体，确定人称时态：这一阶段的判断中，主要强调近十年高考最常见的两种文体：(1)说明文：必须按照事物的原貌加以说明、介绍、解释，常采用一般现在时，被动语态也常使用；(2)记叙文：通常采用第一人称，描述本人的经历或耳闻目睹之事；或用第三人称讲述他人的事情，如果是过去的事情，要用过去时。

3．初拟提纲，再理解话题：明确文体的基础上，草拟写作提纲；提纲是文章的骨架，可以是一句活，也可以是一个词组，由于考试时间所限，提纲内容不必面面俱到，但必须体现文章的整体结构和思路；目前绝大部分高中学生在英语写作时，还习惯于使用母语进行构思，然后将构思好的中文内容翻译成英文，这种情况是正常的；关键在于翻译过程中的语言表达必须符合英语语言的表达习惯

4．开始写作：提纲完成后，应根据提纲充实内容，如果说提纲是骨架的话，那么这时你必须将骨架填充血肉；具体的说就是要扩展要点，连词成句，适当地变换句型，组句谋篇成文；注意应简明扼要，层次分明、用词准确、语法概念清楚，使文章更具说服力，然后在写作完成后，还要对文章进行快速的检查，减少单词的拼写错误和句子表达的错误。

二、高考英语写作指导的具体策略

根据以上对历年高考英语写作试题的分析，我们可以从以下三个方面去指导学生进行写作：

1．细读材料，认真审题

仔细阅读书面表达题所给材料的全部内容，准确理解题目要求。需要认真审查的内容有：(1)文章的开头和结尾是否已给出；(2)用第几人称写作，书面表达要求中会明确指出使用第一人称还是第三人称；(3)提供的情景是图画、图表，还是提纲，如果是连环画，要注意故事情节的连贯性，确定合理的情节发展；(4)是否提供参考词汇，如果提供有参考词汇，写作中最好要用到；(5)采用什么文体，如果是议论文，要有论点、论据和结论三部分。如果是应用文，要注意其格式。如果是记叙文，要抓住六个要素：时间、地点、人物、事件、事情起因、事情的发展与结果。

2．恰当选择词语和句式

认真审题后，就可以列提纲了，将重点单词、短语、句型写在提纲里，关于选词切忌使用生僻词语，要求做到用词准确、得体、达意。选择句式时，尽量使用多种句式，如强调句、倒装句、各种名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句和固定句型等，长句和短句视情况交错使用，这样可以提高文章的档次，使文章生辉。

选词大多是在一组同义词或近义词之间进行。例如，我们要表达“好”这个意思，一般来说，大家会马上想起“good”，因为口语中我们经常说agoodfriend、goodluck、agoodpicture等。但是，在不同的短语中，可以选择不同的英语单词使表达更加准确、生动、形象。

3．多背常识性语句，扩大知识面

语言是有规律的，不同体裁的书面表达都有其常识性语句。如果同学们平时有大量的语句积累，在写作时就能把积累的东西调动起来。这些常识性语句既可增加文章的连贯性、逻辑性和可读性，同时还能提供地道的表达方式。写人物介绍时，应着重写人物的姓名、性别、年龄、职业、身高、健康状况、业余爱好、工作态度、与人相处和社会评价等语句。例如：lipingisagoodteacher，whoisthirtyyearsold．heis175centimetrestallandheishealthy．等。

【参考文献】

[1]韩金龙，秦秀白.体裁分析与体裁教学法.[j].外语界2000(1)

[2]韩金龙.英语写作教学:过程体裁教学法.[j].外语界.2001(4)

[3]何星.“过程写作法”较之“结果写作法”在高中英语写作教学中的

有效性研究.[d]华东师大专业硕士学位论文.2007

We all have our homes, some homes may be larger, probably smaller, and some at home, some of the possible ugly, probably prettier. My family is no exception Oh！ Here, let me introduce yourself！ My home, although small, very small, but my family is very nice, at first glance, neat, people look very comfortable.

Come into my house, first appeared in front of you is the living room, the living room is the center of a can pull shrink, brown table, at the table, three chairs, are Mom and Dad and my chair, and that in the southwest corner of a table, that is my position. In the living room wall, there is a very old painting, the painting is a bird on a branch of the scene. Left to go from the living room, is one of our room, where we usually watch TV, play computer ...... room northwest, is one of our computer, I find information tool. N the south, there is a TV, free when you can take a look at the news. Next to the TV is my homework place, where there is a multi—functional desk, you can put down a lot of books and stationery.

Go inside this room is our bedroom, with a bed, it was my mother just a place to sleep near the bed, there are a bed, it was my dad a place to sleep, the walls in the bedroom , he has painted a picture of my childhood, very beautiful. This is my home, you must feel it nice！

In China , tea has a very long history and has formed the Chinese tea

culture. At the same time, tea is beneficial to our health, thus it is well

received by many people. Chinese tea culture is both extensive and profound,

which not only contains the level of material culture, but also includes a deep

level of spiritual civilization. Referring to Chinese tea, we can trace it back

to ancient times, which flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties, Since then,

the spirit of tea has penetrated into the court and society, going deep into

Chinese poetry, painting, calligraphy , religion and medicine. For thousands of

years, China has accumulated a great deal of culture in tea cultivation and

production, moreover, enriching the spiritual culture of tea.

The parents love between heaven and earth is the greatest love, born since

we came to this world, parents began to love us forever. The parents love their

children is a natural love, love of nature. Like a heavy rain, however, Pei Mo

to the Royal. This will safeguard the lives of the largest, oldest, most

primitive, the greatest and most wonderful parents to us is the power of

love.

As an ancient saying goes: "lines in the hands of a loving mother, found

wandering clothing. Departure thick seam, Italy has the fear. Who made the

heart-inch grass, was reported three Chunhui." Mothers love, as if in the

spring sunshine, I bring Warm, I bring to light; mothers love, as if in the

wind in a stable and calm umbrella, I Zhefengdangyu; mothers love, I always

difficult to give time to help me and give me power. Silky as a continuous sense

of love, I become a strong backing, I will not always have the feeling of

emptiness.

Communication is common and important in our daily life. All of us live

with others in the society and no one can live cut off from it. Everyday, we

must talk to others to give and get information, but how can we communicate with

others? Some people claim that they don’t know what to say and how to speak to

others, strangers especially. I think first you should find a topic that both of

you are interested in. Then, pay attention to your manners, speed, pitch,

expressions and your body language. You should make others feel comfortable, so

that they are willing to talk to you. Last but not the least, being a good

listener. Listening to others shows your respect to them. Only when they heard,

they want to talk. So do you. Before you talk, listening to others first.

One evening several years ago,I went to a concert with my friend.When we got to the concert I suddenly found I lost my ticket on the way.I was walking backwards to see to see if I could found it in the street,there the ticket was no way to be found.I felt very sad and started crying.Then a guy saw me and asked me what went wrong.I told him about the lost ticket.He then put his hand in his pocket and pulled out his own ticket and gave it to me,and said “you can have mine,because I’ve seen the concert.” I was so touched and before I could react,he hurried away and disappeared.I wish I could find this guy and say thank you to him.

COOD HEALTH良好的健康

We all wish (hope) to be happy, so we should take good care of our health.

Health is the best treasure (which) a man can possess. Money can do many things, but it cannot buy happiness. However, so long as man has good health, he can enjoy the pleasures of human life.

In order to insure good health we must pay attention to three things. They are-nourishing food, fresh air and proper exercise.

我们大家都希望快乐，所以我们应该好好保重健康。一个病人因为失去健康而很少快乐。

健康是一个人所能拥有最好的财富。钱能做许多事情，但是它却不能购买。然而，只要一个人有良好的健康，他就能享受人生的乐趣。

为了保证良好的健康，我们必须注意三件事情。它们是营养食物，新鲜空气和正当运动。

[初中英语日记.良好的健康

This is my first impression of Mr.Lu Xun.He was "Head-bowed as a willing

ox" day and night to change the destiny of the nation rather busy.Frail,he was

literary giant.Mr.Lu Xun humor,and no lack of cordial.He hated the dark as the

devil,but a lot of the benefit of others,to play down their own.In my opinion,he

is ordinary and great people!There is a sub-heat,made a spectrophotometry."Mr.Lu

Xun,Lu Xun article will always be the history of Chinas most dazzling bright

light.

H1N1 influenza, since the claws reached into the earth and stuck it into our world caused great sensation. From Moscow, the United States, Japan, ... ... to China, have spared, showing the speed of its spread. While we use some of the medical technology we have can be prevented, you can cure, but it is still scary. The most laughable thing is that some people thus do not eat pork. However, these are not the focus of my concern, I am concerned, I am sad is:

When we state the first to be infected were found, one who returned from abroad Sichuanese, I heard mostly blame everyone, it makes me sad exception. Had returned from abroad is a good thing, is between the happy event. But because even not aware of being infected was a complete mess of things hands and become pieces of sad things. At first, I think we should sorry for him, should go to help him. However, many people said: "In the U.S., do not come back Well!" "We also are engaged in a state of panic." ... ...

So I write this, would like to call everyone together for their fuel.

Unfortunately, they are infected, and now has been isolated, they can not see their loved ones, they have lost freedom, they are very painful, very unwilling. So let us give them the courage to give them strength! Let us wish them a speedy recovery!

H1N1流感，自从这个魔爪伸进地球，伸进我们的世界就引起了极大的轰动。从莫斯科，美国，学习英语的网站，日本……到我们中国，无一幸免，可见其传播速度之快。虽然我们利用我们己有的医学技术，可以预防，可以根治，但是却还是令人恐慌。最可笑的是，有人因此而不吃猪肉。然而，这些都不是我关注的焦点，令我关注的，令我伤心的是：

当我们国家的第一个被传染者被发现时，就是那个从国外回来的四川人，我听到的大部分都是大家的苛责，这令我异常难过。原本从国外回来，是件好事，是间喜事。却因为连自己也不知道被传染的事搅的得一塌糊涂，成了件悲事。原本我想我们应该为他难过，应该去帮助他。然而，很多人却说：“在国外就不要回来嘛!”“还搞的我们人心惶惶的。”……

所以我写这篇，学英语的好网站，想呼吁大家，一起为他们加油。

他们不幸感染上了，现在被隔离，他们不能见到自己的亲人，好的英语学习网站，他们失去了自由，他们也很痛苦，很不甘。所以让我们给他们勇气，给他们力量!让我们一起祝愿他们早日康复!

健康：中药能够战胜甲流吗？

英语写作：Freedom in my Dream

What is happiness What is happiness? There are a thousand Hamlets in a thousand peoples eyes. though everyone has different opinion about happiness .i will list some views about it.

In my class ,some students think putting heart on study is happiness,For they can earn much kownledge throngh it.Besides ,parentslove,which contains caring for their life、health would also make them feel happy.Howere some students think it is a hapiness when they get into trouble,someon ecan come out for help .Or correcting them when they made mistakes.

In my opinion,happiness is something which can be easy to get .when one need help,you can give he or her one hand on time ,you will feel happy.when we are walking on the street.i happen to listen my favorite songs.that wll make me happy.Do you agree with me ?

[幸福是什么初中作文英语精选

A Fine Day——《美好的一天》

June 13th     Friday

It is a fine day today. There are some clouds in the sky， but the sun is shining. Mr Jones is with his family. They are walking on the bridge. There are some boats on the river. Mr Jones and his wife are looking at them. Sally is looking at a big ship. The ship is going under the bridge. Tim is looking at an aeroplane. The aeroplane is flying over the river.

译文：美好的一天

今天，天气晴朗，空中有少许云朵，天阳在照耀着。琼斯先生和他的家人在一起。她们在桥上走着，河面上有几艘小船，琼斯先生和他的夫人正看着它们，莎莉正看着一艘大船。它正从桥下经过。蒂姆在看着一架飞机，这架飞机正从河上空飞过。

[初中英语日记美好的一天

As it is known to us all ,LuXun is a famous Chinese writer. He is not only

a writer, thinker, but also the founder of Chinese Literature . He wrote many

classic (经典的)novels and his stories, which are translated many languages, were

made into film,such as The True Story of AH Q and The New Years Sacrifice,which

deeply showed peoples suffering in the old days.

Because of his achievement to Chinese literature, Chairman Mao spoke highly

of him. Besides, some of his works were selected into the text books in high

school and university. I think youll gain a lot from reading his works.

Marie Curie, as a distinguished female scientists, In eight years time, and just 3,000 were of two different disciplines on the highest scientific crown -- Nobel Prize and the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

No one has admitted she let such a beautiful and delicate woman to bear the cross of science,and she is going without looking back, in the history of mankind and left their names be eternal. Marie Curies life for the contribution it has made remarkable man. As a great woman, she has won the love and admiration for the people of the world.

However, she refused lifelong wealth, the honor and regard with indifference. She naturally behave but not disclosed to bear fruit, and she has not taken any of the fish for fame, neither helpless. Marie was born with the quality: unwavering character, intellectual perseverance; know all contributions to the spirit of self-sacrifice and not accept any benefits; success is not particularly proud of, scourge can bend the very purity of the soul. Shes all that. Her colorful life than work, or even more commendable.

英语是一种语言，从语言学角度来看，学生在掌握一定数量的词汇与语法知识后，就要用来表达自己的思想、见解，这些落实到纸面上就是英语写作。为提高大家的英语写作能力和技巧，下面小编为大家带来英语六级写作方法技巧，欢迎大家学习!

英语六级写作方法技巧：

方法一：叙述法

叙述法发展段落主要是按照事物本身的时间或空间的排列顺序，通过对一些特有过渡连接词的使用，有层次分步骤地表达主题句的一种写作手段。用这种方法展开段落，作者能够清楚连贯地交待事物的本末，从而可以使读者可以清晰、完整地理解文章的含义，例如：，

In the flat opposite, a woman heard the noise outside. When she looked out through the window, she discovered that her neighbor was threatened by someone. She immediately called the police station. In answer to the call, a patrol police car arrived at the scene of the crime quickly. Three policemen went inside the flat at once, and others guarded outside the building to prevent anyone from escaping.，

这段是按照事物发展的先后顺序，叙述从发现案情、报警、到警察赶到、包围现场的过程。全文脉络清晰，叙述的层次感强，结构紧凑。

常用于叙述法中的过渡连接词有：first, an the beginning, to start with, after that, later, then, afterwards, in the end, finally等。

方法二：列举法

作者运用列举法，是通过列举一系列的论据对topic sentence中摆出的论点进行广泛、全面地陈述或解释，列举的顺序可以按照所列各点内容的相对重要性、时间、空间等进行。，

Yesterday was one of those awful days for me when everything I did went wrong. First, I didnt hear my alarm clock and arrived late for work. Then, I didnt read my diary properly and forgot to get to an important meeting with my boss. During the coffee break, I dropped my coffee cup and spoilt my new skirt. At lunch time, I left my purse on a bus and lost all the money that was in it. After lunch, my boss was angry because I hadnt gone to the meeting. Then I didnt notice a sign on a door that said "Wet Paint" and so I spoilt my jacket too. When I got home I couldnt get into my flat because I had left my key in my office. So I broke a window to get in and cut my hand.

根据本段主题句中的关键词组everything I did went wrong，作者列举了8点内容，分别由first, then, during the coffee break, after lunch time等连接词语引出，使得该文条理清楚、脉络分明、内容连贯。

常用于列举法的过渡连接词有：for one thing , for another, finally, besides, moreover, one another , still another, first, second, also等。

方法三：重复法

句子的一部分反复出现在段落中，这就是重复法。它往往造成一种步步紧逼的气氛，使文章结构紧凑，有感染力。比如：

Since that time, which is far enough away from now, I have often thought that few people know what secrecy there is in the young, under terror. I was in mortal terror of the young man who wanted my heart and liver; I was in mortal terror of my interlocutor with the iron leg; I was in mortal terror of myself, from whom an awful promise had been extracted; --

该段中反复应用了I was in mortal terror of …我经常处于恐怖之中。

以上， 我们结合具体文章讨论了展开段落的几种方法。在实际写作中，我们往往不必拘泥于一种写作方法，而是将若干方法穿插在一起，使文章有声有色。

方法四：因果分析法

在阐述某一现象的段落中，常采用因果分析法。例如：

The role of women in todays society is changing. One reason is that women have begun to assert themselves as independent people through the womens movement. Also, women are aware of the alternatives to staying at home. Another reason is that increasing numbers of women who enter new fields and interests serve as role models for other women. Moreover, men are becoming more conscious of the abilities of women and have begun to view their independence positively.

本段中，主题句提出了一种社会现象，推展句则对产生这种现象的原因作出各种解释。 常用于因果分析法的连接词有：because, so, as a result等。

方法五：对比法

将同类的事物按照某种特定的规则进行比较分析是一种常用的思维方法。通过对比，更容易阐述所述对象之间的异同和优缺点，例如：

The heart of an electronic computer lies in its vacuum tubes, or transistors. Its electronic circuits work a thousand times faster than the nicer cells in the human brain. A problem that might take a human being a long time to solve can be solved by a computer in one minute.

在这段文字上， 作者为了突出电子计算机运行速度之快，首先将它与人脑进行了比较， "-- a thousand times faster than --" ;而后，又将这一概念具体到了 "a problem"上，通过对比使读者从 "-- a long time -- in one minute"上有更加直观的认识。

常用于对本法或比较法上的过渡连接词有：than, compared with等。

写作技巧就是表现时运用的方法，是作者为表情达意而采取有效艺术手段。语文说明文的写作技巧，我们一起来了解一下。

一、 说明文的定义

说明文是以说明为主要表达方式来解说事物、阐明事理而给人知识的文章体裁。它通过揭示概念来说明事物特征、本质及其规律性。说明文一般介绍事物的形状、构造、类别、关系、功能，解释事物的原理、含义、特点、演变等。说明文实用性很强，它包括广告、说明书、提要、提示、规则、章程、解说词、科学小品等。

二、 说明文的特点

说明文的特点是说，而且具有一定的知识性。这种知识，或者来自有关科学研究资料，或者是亲身实践、调查、考察的所得，都具有严格的科学性。为了要把事物说明白，就必须把握事物的特征，进而揭示出事物的本质属性，即不仅要说明是什么，还要说明为什么是这样。应用性说明文一般只要求说明事物的特征，阐述性说明文则必须揭示出问题的本源和实质。 说明文是客观地说明事物的一种文体，目的在于给人以知识：或说明事物的状态、性质、功能，或阐明事理。《中国石拱桥》属于前者，它以赵州桥和卢沟桥为例说明中国石拱桥不但形式优美，而且结构坚固的特征。《大自然的语言》属于后者，文章科学地说明了物候学知识。说明事物特点和阐明事理是说明文的两种类型。

三、 说明文的常用说明方法及作用

1、说明的方法有：下定义,作诠释,举例子,列数字,打比方,作比较,分类别,引资料,摹状貌,做图表 2、明白各种方法的作用。

举例子：这里使用了举例子的说明方法，具体说明了 这种说明方法的作用是使说明的对象具体形象，便于读者理解。

作比较：这里拿和作比较，突出(具体)说明了 作比较用于突出强调被说明对象的特点(地位、影响等)。

列数字：这里使用了列数字的说明方法，准确说明了 (列举了的数字，准确说明了)其作用是使说明准确无误，令读者信服。

分类别：分类别的作用是使说明条理清楚。

打比方：它的主要作用是使说明对象生动形象，增强文章的趣味性。

作诠解：用于解释被说明内容的成因及内在联系。

下定义：其作用是科学准确地解释说明对象的内涵，使说明更严密。

画图表：可使说明内容直观形象。

摹状貌：使说明生动形象，使文章更具可读性。

3、有时说明文借用其他修辞手法来帮助说明，这些手法的作用分析应当紧紧围绕说明对象，依照说明文的要求。

四、 如何写好说明文

如何使说明文物理并重、形神兼备的呢?首要的一点是观察。说明文写作的前提是对要说明的事物非常熟悉。要做到这一点，就要养成认真观察、深入了解的习惯：

观察要有针对性。要带着问题观察，而不是走马观花、浮光掠影。最好能在观察前列出观察提纲，观察时要记笔记、画图标。要善于提出问题。

观察时要分清主次。这就要求我们注意观察的顺序。观察有概括性观察和特写性观察之分。前一种方法有助于抓住事物的概貌，后者则利于把握观察对象的细节和特征。由概括到特写、由全局到局部，是观察的一般原理。

观察重在事物的形。要想传神，写出事物的内涵、原理等，则需要有很好的查阅资料、作调查的能力。比如我们要写一篇文章来说明洛阳牡丹。在写好它的形状、颜色、品种之外，如果能够考察一下洛阳牡丹的来历、其中的牡丹名品在培育中的科学原理，这篇文章就会有说服力，使读者更深刻地认识到洛阳牡丹的文化特色。这就要求我们具备相当的知识积累、广阔的知识面和优秀的调查能力。作为小学生，应当从小注重积累知识和调查能力的训练。比如通过剪报、记笔记、上图书馆和阅览室等途径来有意识地训练自己。

写作说明文还要注意说明的顺序。有合理的顺序，文章才能条理清晰，让人看得明白。说明顺序一般有三种，即空间顺序、时间顺序、逻辑顺序。间顺序一般有从上到下、从左到右、从前到后、从远到近等。时间顺序一般有从古到今、从过去到现在等。逻辑顺序有从现象到本质、从原因到结果、从主要到次要、从整体到部分、从概括到具体等。什么是合理的顺序呢?这要根据人们认识事物的过程以及说明对象本身的特征、规律而定。说明事物的形状、构造等，往往以空间为顺序;说明事物的成因、方法，往往以时间为顺序;说明事物的事理，往往以逻辑关系为顺序。

当然，大多数说明文会综合使用多种说明顺序。因此，在写作时，我们要合理地安排好说明顺序，理清说明文的结构层次。常用的结构层次有并列式、层进式和总分式三种。比如我们以水为题目进行写作，可以先写水的外形特征，再写水的分类，然后写水的用途，这是并列式的写作层次。我们也可以先写水的外形，再写水的成因，最后写水给人类带来的利与害，这是层进式的结构层次。先概括水的用途和特征，再一一细述，就是总分式。结构层次能力需发同学们在长期的写作过程中培养。