初中英语说明文写作模板(通用20篇)

"As" this sentence is confirmed by the wonderful nature, yesterday the

wisper under light rain, my heart is heavy like a rock, because want to master

and old milk grave, before, I dont understand the real meaning of the qing Ming

day, until today after sweeping the tomb, I understand the true meaning of

tomb-sweeping day!

At seven o clock in the morning, we prepare to master and old milk grave,

grave is a fresh thing for me, we take tools and set off.

Walking the winding mountain road, I cant wait, after about an hour, we

came to the master and old grandmas grave, a year didnt come, graves are

covered with wild grass, you well after the division of labor, began to busy,

everything is in place, we started to burn money, along with the smoke, I seem

to see their shadow, they told me: study hard and cherish life.

Yes, life is short, happy every day to live, to continuously surpass

ourselves, surpass ourselves, dream will come true; The superego, the dream into

power; Beyond the self, to create beautiful life! I think life is constantly

transcend self, beyond the dream!!!!! Panoramic view of the city house on the

mountain, the mountain was full of golden golden in the rape, deep breath, deep

and remote light fragrance, fresh air, the flowers with irresistible power

explanation of the meaning of life!

I like to play basketball very much, so when I went to middle school, I joined the basketball team. Last week, our team had a match, we were against another school, all of us were so excited and wanted to win.

When the match began, our team worked very slowly, we could not cooperate very well, because this was the first time for us to play.

When half match time went, we lagged behind, our team leader called us together and told us we must get united, so that we could have the chance to win. Then we played hard and cooperated so well, we won the game at last, it was so amazing, union is strength.

我很喜欢打篮球，因此当我上初中的时候，我加入了篮球队。上周，我们队有一场比赛，是对阵另一个学校，我们都感到很兴奋，因为这是我们第一次大比赛。当比赛半场过去了，我们处于落后，队长把我们叫在了一起，告诉我们必须要团结，这样才有机会赢。我们打得很拼命，配合得很好，最后终于赢得了比赛，真是美妙极了，团结就是力量。

[初中英语作文：团结就是力量

Water is the source of life.We cant live without water.However,with the

increasing population and industrial development,water pollution has become a

serious problem.Large amounts of wastewater go into rivers and seas directly

without being treated,which can be dangerous to people.Also lots of people pay

no attention to saving water in daily life,while in some place water is badly

needed.

Its time for us to take some measures to improve the situation.Factories

should treat the wastewater before letting it go into rivers.We can play a

positive role in saving water.For example we can reuse the water for wishing

rice to wash vegetables and then clean a mop.

I am Alice. I am a student of No.1 Middle School. I study in Class Two

Grade Seven.

There is a map of our school on the wall. The playground is in the middle

of the school. On the left of the playground, there is a library. I like reading

very much, so I often read books in the library. There is a teaching building

behind the library. We study in that building. My classroom is on the second

floor in that building. The teachers offices are in that building, too. Where

is the sport hall? Oh, its on the right of the teaching building. I have P.E

class in the sport hall. The canteen is in front of the sport hall. We have

lunch and dinner in the canteen. In the school, I feel very happy!

This is my school. Its a big and nice place. I like my school very much.

What about your school?

I think I will be a teacher in the future,because I like to stay with children.

、Ill live in shanghai because I went toshanghai last summer and fell in love with it. I think its really a beautiful city.As a teacher, I’ll try my best to teach my students well and tell them how tobe a useful person.

In my free time, I’ll listen to music, pop songs and goshopping with my friends, Sometimes Ill keep pets-maybe a colorful bird. Itmakes me happy. During the summer holiday, I’ll go to Italy on vacation.

I hearthat its a great place to have fun.

我觉得将来我会成为一名教师，因为我喜欢和孩子们待在一起。我会住在上海，因为我去年夏天去上海的时候就爱上了它。我真的觉得那是一个美丽的城市。作为一名老师，我会尽力教好我的学生并告诉他们如何做一个有用的人。在我的空闲时间，我会听音乐，流行歌曲，和我的朋友去购物，有时候我会养宠物，也许会是一只色彩鲜艳的鸟。它能让我开心。暑假的时候我会去意大利度假。我听说那里是去玩的好地方。

[初中英语作文：我的未来

Friends, have you ever seen the most functional capsule robots in the

world? Of course I invented it. Yeah! Again to a tumor-bearing patients.

Originally should be frowned doctor, since happy into the operating room, why? A

closer look, he took a box of my invention of the capsule machine.

I saw the doctor to the patient to take a capsule machine, this capsule

robot in the patient to cut the tumor site to stop, immediately stretched out

two hands, left hand spray anesthetic, right hand quickly cut off the tumor.

This will not be a lot of blood, it will not hurt. That the capsule robot has

been parked in the patients stomach, get out of it? It cut the tumor, will be

converted into vitamins to help patients with nutritional supplements, both

convenient and affordable, the doctor to help patients cut the tumor, swaggering

out, with a happy mood, while walking singing: "My job is really easy, this

Capsule really convenient! "

Look, I invented the capsule more convenient, more amazing, you like it?

Let us hard study, the courage to explore, for the day to come to do some

contribution!

Christmas as a grand festival of the west, in addition to the Christmas

tree, also cannot little taste delicious food. Before Christmas Turkey dinner is

a case card main course, people might do in a microwave oven, the holidays a lot

of people now is in outside restaurant to have dinner, merchants can also use

the opportunity to make money out of customers, of course, there are many

Christmas food, ginger bread, candy, and so on.

In addition, people also give gifts to each other, this is the childrens

favorite, often can get lots of presents.

English is the necessary subject to learn. Since I went to school, I have

to learn it. But I am not interested in it because I cant find how useful it

is. Two months ago, there was a new English teacher taught us, I realized that

her teaching method was very different. Before the lesson, she would let us to

listen to the English songs, or sometimes we needed to do role play. It was so

funny for us. We were very interested in the songs. Sometimes we could enjoy the

movie, which just opened my eyes. I saw a different world. I wanted to learn

English well and then search the world.

My name is Xiao Ming. Im 12 years old.I study in Shi Yan Middle School.I’m

in Class 10,Grade 7. Im a good student.I like reading and writing.

I have a happy family. There are three people in my family.They are my

father, my mother and I.My father is not tall,he is an teacher.He is good .He is

not only a good father and also a good friend. We often talk with each other. My

mother is tall, she is a good worker.She is very busy, but she cares for me and

my study very much.I love my parents very much and they love me,too.

I have a happy family!

Unit Fourteen

The Lord and the Hermit

Once upon a time there was a rapacious lord. He was relentless to his tenants and quelled them by placing quotas to their living condition. Soon he collected quantitatively great revenue and lived in a radiate palace. He was also renowned for his queer clothes.

One day the lord’s disease relapsed, so he rallied his subordinates for help. One of them said: “I’ve heard of a recluse who knows regimen well residing nearby. Why not visit his residence for help?” Another retorted: “Be prudent, maybe it is only a rumor.” But the rash lord was filled with rapture and ratified the visiting plan.??

On the next Sunday, the lord purged himself, held a quaint rite and started for the hermit’s home. They passed rugged rustic passages full of paddles and the lord almost recoiled. Finally they arrived. The lord felt disappointed at the recluse’s reception, but he wouldn’t relinquish the chance and talked to the hermit with reverence.

The hermit ruminated and reverted to the main topic in a pungent voice: “I’ve heard lots of your ravenous deeds. You retract the land you’ve distributed to the farmers and order them to redeem their land. You must redress your guilt and rehabilitate their freedom. Reimburse their respective debts and build refuge for them. You can retain the residue of your property.”??

The lord was reluctant to renounce his wealth and be rent from his palace. He rebuked: “Your advice is too reckless. I’m resolute not to accept it.”

“Why so repulsive? You cannot repudiate my words.” The hermit reiterated his suggestion and its resonance echoed. “Remit their taxes with rebates, or a riot is imminent.”

The lord again refuted. At last he went back in remorse.

说明文在高考中虽然考查次数不多，但在科技飞速发展的今天，它的应用越来越广泛，科普读物、知识小品、解说词、说明书等都有说明文的影子。它和我们日常学习、生活、工作有着非常密切的联系，而且作为考纲中提到的文体之一（《考试大纲》明确规定的能写论述类、实用类和文学类文章中的实用类文章），它还是占有一席之地的，考生切不可忽视。写说明文和写其他文体一样，必须明确写作意图，确立文章中心；充分占有材料，力求做到言之有物、言之有序。在实际写作中，考生常常会陷入以下一些写作误区。

误区一：知识性差错

说明文的特点是说，它是客观地说明事物的一种文体，目的在于给人以知识，或说明事物的状态、性质、功能，或阐明事理。这种知识或者来自有关科学研究资料，或者是亲身实践、调查、考察所得，都具有严密的科学性，不能有丝毫差错。如，有篇写牛的习作这样写道：牛有水牛、黄牛两种，牛是反刍动物，只吃青草，不必喂料。牛都有两只角，体强力大，是世界各国普遍使用的耕作工具。显然作者对牛了解不够，相关知识储备不足，因而在一知半解中造成了知识上的疏漏和错误。世界上牛的品种不只水牛、黄牛两种，杂交品种的牛并不长角；除了青草外，还必须给牛喂其他饲料；世界上也不是普遍使用牛作为耕作工具，牛还有专供食用、奶用或运输用，甚至作为神物崇拜的。

规避策略：抓住特征，把握中心。

说明文只有抓住事物的特征，才能把被说明的事物准确清晰地介绍给读者，使人们对事物有确切的了解。事物往往有多方面的特征，介绍时不可能面面俱到，因此写作时，必须把握说明文的中心，根据需要，重点介绍若干方面。如，《漫话圆周率》是一篇介绍数学基础知识的说明文，文章虽题为漫话，却是围绕求出圆周率的更精确的数值这个中心，向人们介绍了古今中外数学家对圆周率的数值所做的贡献。《青蛙》这篇说明文如果定位为为了更好地保护这一人类的朋友，落脚点便应是介绍青蛙这一两栖类动物为人类的粮食生产所作出的贡献，那么就不该出现介绍其营养价值高的说法了。

误区二：文体性错误

说明文可以采用各种方式进行说明，甚至可以采用一些文艺性笔调，如中学课本中有《南州六月荔枝丹》一文。但是考生应该牢记，说明的目的在于说清事理，教人以知识。弘扬精神、歌颂美德等社会性、审美性不是这种文体的功用。如，有篇题为《蚯蚓》的说明文，其中有这样的描述：别看这小动物不惹眼，它可天天在松土、干活，它不讲究吃穿，不讲究休息，不谈报酬，整天埋头苦干，为人们劳作耕地，让作物生长茂盛。我不禁想起我们的老师，他们也有蚯蚓一样的精神。我愿做一条辛勤劳动的蚯蚓。显而易见，该作者混淆了文体特征，写成了一篇借物咏志的抒情美文。

规避策略：针对情况，选好角度。

说明文也要求有的放矢，写什么，怎样写，要着眼于读者的实际情况，使文章具有针对性，切合读者的知识水平、职业特点和年龄大小。如，《香烟的危害》，可阐述的内容很多，有针对老年人而说的，也有对妇女而言的，还有对青少年而说的，角度不同，说明内容便各有侧重。如果是学校教育，那应该主要介绍吸烟的危害，突出分析青少年的生理特征，说明青少年接触毒性物质比成年人吸收快、排除慢、毒害大的情况，指出吸烟对青少年是绝对有害而无一利的。这样说明目的清楚，针对性强，收效也大。

如写热带风暴，本文应该是一篇事理性科学说明文，考生可根据中学地理书上所学到的知识，按照事理之间的逻辑关系，对什么是热带风暴、热带风暴形成的原因、产生的地域、热带风暴的危害和好处、热带风暴的跟踪预报、未来人类利用热带风暴造福的前景等作出说明。当然，为了突出重心，可以选择几个重要的，尤其是对人民群众的生活有重大影响的方面。写作时，应尽量避免使用冷僻的行话和术语，因为如此写来显得深奥晦涩，应力求语言通俗、简明、平实，以使读者易于接受。

误区三：不恰当论述

说明文针对不同的读者群和它所担负的社会责任，有不同的说明重点与中心。如，有篇题为《青蛙》的知识小品文，介绍青蛙时写道：青蛙是两栖、变温的动物，营养价值很高这样的定性是片面的甚至是错误的。青蛙能捕捉害虫，有益于庄稼的生长，介绍宣传的目的在于保护它，而写它营养价值高，会引起一些人的兴趣，使它成为满足一些人的口食之欲的食物。这样的介绍必然会产生不良的社会影响，使读者产生误解，反而不利于普及科学知识。

规避策略：解说清楚，条理分明。

说明文的目的是让人获得其种知识或某项技能，只有解说清楚，才能达到目的。说明说明，一说即明，如何解说清楚，要讲究说明的方法，要注意结构的安排。解说事物、阐释事理要按其本身的条理来安排说明的次序，使之层次清楚，主次分明，如此读者才会有所得，有所获。至于如何具体安排结构，不同类型的说明文有不同的要求，如《北京的立交桥》是一篇有关建筑的说明文，它以时间为经，介绍了北京立交桥的变迁，从一个侧面反映了改革开放的巨大成就；介绍中它又以空间为纬，具体介绍了几座立交桥的形状、结构、功能甚至审美等特征。这种时空结合的介绍方式全面具体、有效地传播了知识。

如写圆规：可以自上而下地写出它的部件结构及其作用，然后介绍圆规的使用方法及注意事项。

如写钢笔：则可以自外而内地介绍钢笔的构造及其功用，然后讲讲钢笔的使用与保养的注意点。当然，为了使介绍生动有趣，可以考虑采用自述的形式，可使用拟人手法，增强文章的趣味性与形象性，但要注意写作的中心、重心，因为即便运用艺术手法，它也是为说明其特征服务的。

误区四：准确性不够

说明文的语言要求准确无误，给读者以科学的认识，任何语言表达上的失之毫厘，其结果都会谬以千里。如，有篇题为《北京的立交桥》的科普小品文，文中说：1984年通车的三元立交桥，是二环快速路和一条主干道交叉的两座立交桥的组合，是国内最大规模的立交桥。这个说法存在较大的疑问。随着我国社会经济的快速发展，各大中城市的立交桥建设进入了快车道，而且规模越来越大，造价越来越高。比如南京的赛虹桥、双桥门，整个投资超过30个亿，相当于新建一座长江大桥，规模之大，气势之恢弘，不到现场无法领略。因此，这段文字应该在国内前加上当时二字，这样定位准确，说明到位，也从一个侧面反映了我国现代化建设的步伐。

规避策略：准确简明，通俗浅显。

选用准确的语言，精当地解说事物的事理，是说明文语言的基本要求。说明文是以介绍知识性内容为主的，只有如实地反映被说明内容的客观情况，才能保证知识的准确性、科学性。如果失去知识的科学性，也就失去了说明文的价值。此外，说明文往往有些内容是专门领域的，必然会涉及一些专门名词和专业术语，在说明时，考生要把它们运用得准确无误，以避免误导读者。如，航空与航天是两个不同的概念，有篇文章作了这样的解说：飞机在大气层内飞行，称为航空；卫星、飞船在大气层外飞行，称为航天。它们是采用不同的飞行器在不同的空间来完成飞行任务的。这种解说是十分准确的，使人对什么叫航空、什么叫航天有了科学的了解。

说明文往往是对科学知识的介绍，也往往是一般人所不熟悉的内容。要把专门化的科学知识解说清楚，让人易于了解，必须做到深入浅出，通俗易懂，生动活泼，富有趣味。如，《洲际导弹自述》是一篇介绍洲际导弹知识的科技小品文。文章用拟人手法把洲际导弹问世、分类、构造、特点及其威力和弱点都解说得十分清楚。文章中赋予其假定的人类行为，生动形象，使人易于理解。为了把说明文写得生动活泼，通俗易懂，也可运用各种修辞手法，增强文章的形象性和趣味性。

如果写人行天桥这类说明建筑物的文章，可以从人行天桥是怎样的建筑、它是如何发挥缓解交通拥堵的作用的等角度入手、采用虚实结合的手法。实写：以一个参观者的目光，全方位地介绍某一座人行天桥的位置、结构、造型、支撑、装饰、功用等，由远及近，由上到下，由内到外，移步换景，细致地描绘人行天桥的容貌风姿。虚写：用概括性的语言说明人行天桥对城市交通管理的重要性，及站在桥上的所见所闻所感所想。语言力求准确、简明，当然也可运用多种说明方法。

拨开云雾终见日，考生只要掌握说明文的写作要领，就一定能写出合格的甚至是优秀的说明文，还有利于考生做好现代文阅读中涉及到的说明文，可谓一举多得。

at present, more and more people think that men and women should enjoy

equal rights. many countries even have passed laws to guarantee such an equality

between different sexes. accordingly, there are now no longer certain jobs or

certain places that are closed to women. the number of business women, female

doctors, scientists and leaders is considerably increasing.

there are three main reasons for the improvement of womens social

position. first, women themselves have been persistently struggling for

equality. second, men also realize that women are not born inferior to them.

women can do a great many things as well as or even better than men. third,

social development has produced a great demand for womens participation in

every field.

in spite of these changes the liberation of women has not been completely

realized. prejudice against women is deeply rooted still in some peoples mind,

especially in distant rural areas. so, mankind should take further painstaking

efforts to really realize equality.

I had a joyful summer vacation。 During the holidays， I traveled with my families。 We went to Beijing and stayed there for four days。 We lived in the hotel。 It is very beautiful。 We visited to the Tiananmen Square， the Imperial Palace， the Summer Palace and the Old Summer Palace。 We also went to the Great Wall。 The weather was very hot， but we were exciting。 I like Beijing very much。 I hope I can go there again。

①认真观察说明对象，抓住了特征;

②说明讲究了一定的顺序，条理性强;

③依据说明对象或说明内容采用合适的说明方法;

④语言表达讲究分寸，用语准确，并力求多样性。怎样才能写好说明文呢?首先，要抓住事物的特征。

所谓特征，就是事物本身的某一点(或几点)的独特属性，也就是这一事物与其他事物在本质上的差别,即这一事物区别于其他事物的标志。

要准确地把握特征，一要靠观察，二要靠比较。

观察，必须认真、仔细、全面，这就是发现、抓住并说明事物特征的前提;比较，有纵向比较，如现在和过去相比;有横向比较，如此物与彼物相比。对于事物说明文来讲，还要通过调查资料、向人请教等途径弄清事理。只要善于观察研究，就能把握特征。

同是建筑，有的以雄伟著称，有的以精巧见长，有的简朴自然，有的典雅华丽;同是动物，有的凶猛，有的温驯。这些都是可以通过观察来把握的。比如要你写一篇介绍水的说明文，你必须介绍水是一种什么物质、水的种类和形态、水的重要性等。要做到这一点，你必须观察研究，知道水是由氢、氧组成的无色无味的透明液体，随着温度的变化而呈液态、固态和气态，水是人民生活和工农业生产必不可少的物质。

1993年全国高考小作文，要求根据所绘图画介绍圆规。小而平常的圆规，乍看无特征可言，但一深究，圆规最大的特征是什么呢?当然是画圆，这是它最大的属性，也是特征。抓住这一点，文章就好写了。

按要求要写圆规的构造、功能和使用方法，但这一切又必须紧紧围绕画圆这个主要特征，其作用是画圆，而它的构造和使用方法也都是为画圆服务的。

第二，用词要准确。在说明事物形态、性质、功用或操作程序时，必须将数量、范围、程度、次序等表达清楚、恰当，尤其要注意修饰、限制、补充性词语的选用。第三，条理要清楚。根据说明对象及其特征的不同，分别选用空间顺序、时间顺序、逻辑顺序及主次顺序、因果关系等。

最后，要学习运用举例子、列数字、作比较、分类别这四种主要的说明方法。把所要说明的对象说清楚,就应做到把握说明对象的特征，注意说明顺序和说明方法，有条有理地予以介绍。说明文写作的重点也就应放在这三点上。

大纲要求初中生能写简单的说明文，中考说明文写作考查只要求写小作文。从说明对象的类型看，常见的考题有以下几类：①根据图表内容写说明文;②介绍某物的制作过程;③介绍某一物件的结构、性能等;④介绍某一特定环境的位置;⑤说明某种现象的成因;

In the old China, people were seduced by opium and many people had ruined

their lives. Today, China becomes stronger and opium has become the history, but

the new type drug catches peoples attention all the time. When we walk around

the street, we can find that most people are lowering their heads and playing

smart phone. Smart phone has been the new drug for people, especially for young

generation. They play it for such a long time that their body health is under

threat. The news has reported many incidents of people feel uncomfortable after

playing mobile phones for a long time. We need to use mobile phone in the proper

way, or we will get into trouble.

说明文的中心鲜明突出，文章具有科学性，条理性，语言确切生动。下面是小编帮大家整理的说明文的写作技巧，希望大家喜欢。

写说明文和写其它文章一样，必须明确写作意图，确立文章中心;充分占有材料，力求做到言之有物、言之有序。除了这些一般性的要求之外，说明文的写作还有如下要求：

（一） 抓住事物特征，把握说明中心

任何事物都具有自身的质的规定性，一个事物的特征是区别于其它事物的标志。写说明文只有抓住事物的特征，才能把被说明的事物准确清晰地介绍给读者，让人们对事物有确切的了解。事物往往有方面的特征，介绍事物时，不可能在一篇说明文里面面俱到;只能根据需要，一次谈一两个特征。因此，要写好说明文，还必须把握说明文的中心。如：《漫活圆周率》是一篇介绍数学基础的说明文。文章题为“漫话”，并没有漫无边际地随意堆砌关于圆周率的材料，而是围绕求出圆周率的更精确的数值这个中心，向人们介绍了古今中外数学家对圆周率的数值所做的贡献。

抓住事物特点，把握说明中心，这是写说明文的一个重要要求，要做到这一点，写作者必须在写作前对被 说明的事物作深入细致的研究。必须懂得只有熟悉被说明的事物，认识并掌握被说明事物本身的规律性，才能做到这一点。

（二） 针对具体情况，选好写作角度

写说明文也是要求有的放矢的。写什么、怎样写，要从读者的实际情况考虑，使文章具有针对性，切合读者的知识水平、职业特点和年龄大小。往往读者对象不同，写的角度也不同。如阐述吸烟有害的说明文很多，有的是针对老年人的，有的是对妇女而言的，的有是对青少年而言的，角度不同，说明的内容则各有侧重。《青少年吸烟害处大》这篇文章从青少年是国家的未来和希望的高度介绍吸烟对青少年的危害，突出分析青少年的生理特征，说明青少年接触毒性物质比成年人吸收快、排除慢、毒害大的情况，指出“吸烟对青少年是绝对有害而无一利的”。这样说明目的清楚，针对性强。

写说明文选取什么角度要依实际情况而定。比如，介绍牛的知识，如果是为饲养者写的，要侧重介绍牛的生活习惯和特性;如果是为使用者写的，要侧重介绍牛的功能和力气;如果是为兽医写的，则主要介绍它的身体构造;如果是为食用者写的，可以主要介绍它的营养价值。当然，作为科普知识介绍，不妨全面一点为好。

（三） 务求解说清楚、做到条理分明

写说明文的目的就是让人获得知识的技能，只有解说清楚，才能达到这个目的。说明说明，一说即明，如何解说清楚，要讲究说明的方法，注意结构的安排，着力语言的运用。关于说明的方法，这里就不详细介绍了。这里着重讲讲结构安排的条理性问题。

文章的条理性是客观事物、事理本身的特点、规律在文章结构上的反映。说明文解说事物、阐释事理要按其本身的条理来安排说明的次序，使之层次清楚，主次分明，安排说明文的结构首先要注意条理性。如何具体安排结构，不同类型的说明文有不同要求，介绍产品制作过程的说明文，往往按照产品生产工序来安排结构，如叶圣陶的《景泰蓝的制作》是一篇介绍手工工艺品景泰蓝的说明文。它按照制作工艺的程序，抓住“做胎”、“掐丝”、“涂色”、“烧制”、“打磨”五道关键工序依次作了详细具体的说明，全篇言之有序，给人的印象十分鲜明。这一类安排，以时间变化为序，着重写事物的过程。

（四）语言准确简明，文字通俗浅显

选用准确的语言，精当地解说事物的事理，是说明文语言的基本要求。说明文是以介绍知识性内容为主的，只有如实反映被说明内容的客观情况，才能保证知识的科学性。相反，语言不准确就会失去知识的科学性。

明代学者徐光启笔译古数学家欧几里得的《几何原理》，其中的一节：

凡论度必始于一体。自点引之而为线，自线广之而为面，自面积之而为体，各自三大纲。是心有长而无阔者谓之线，有长与阔而无厚者谓之面，长与阔厚俱全者谓之体。唯点无长阔厚薄，其间不能容，不可以数度，然线之两端即点，而线面体皆由此生。点虽不入于数，实为从数之本。

这节解说数学基本概念的说明文，把什么是点、线、面、体，点与数度的联系和区别作了确切的阐释，语言也很精当。

此外，在说明文中往往有些内容是带有专门化的科学知识，涉及一些专门名词和专业术语，在说明中特别要求把它们运用得准确无误，使读者便于领会。如：“航空”与“航天”是两个不同的概念，有篇文章作了这样的解说：“飞机在大气层内飞行，称为航空;卫星、飞船在大气层外飞行，称为航天。它们是采用不同的飞行器在不同的空间来完成飞行任务的”。这种解说是十分准确的，使人对什么叫“航空”、什么叫“航天”得到了科学的了解。

说明文的语言必须简要精当。看下面的这段文字：

“蝉的幼虫脱皮是从背上开始的。先出来的一层旧皮从背上裂开，露出淡绿色的蝉来。先出来的是头，接着是吸管和前腿，最后是后腿和折叠着翅膀，只留下尾边尖儿还在那层旧皮里。这时候，它腾起身子，往后翻下来，头部倒挂着，原来折叠着的翅膀打开了，竭力伸直。接着，用一种几乎看不清的动作尽力把身体翻上去，用前脚的爪子钩住那层旧皮。这个动作使它的尾巴尖儿从那层旧皮里完全脱出不了。那层旧皮就只剩下空壳，成了蝉蜕，。从开始到完全脱出来，大约要半个钟头。

这段文字不到二百个字，具体说明了蝉的幼虫脱皮的整个过程。用简明的语言把幼虫脱皮的复杂动作细致而真切地写出来了。文字不枝不蔓，语言富有表现力，给人很清晰的印象。、

说明文要介绍一些科学知识和一些内容，往往是一般人所不熟悉的内容人，要把专门化的科学知识解说清楚，让人易于了解，必须做到深入浅出，通俗易懂，生动活泼，富有趣味。如，《洲际导弹自述》是一篇介绍洲际导弹知识的科技小品。文章用拟人化手法把洲际导弹问世、分类、构造、特点及其威力和弱点都解说得十分清楚，文章把它赋予假定的人类行为，读起来生动风趣，易于理解。为了把说明文写得生动活泼、通俗易懂，人们常常运用各种修辞手法，增强文章的形象性、趣味性。

在说明文的写作中，应该注意克服几种常见的毛病。这就是：

第一，防止知识性的差错。如有篇写“牛”的习作这样写道：“牛有水牛、黄牛两种，牛是反刍动物，只吃青草，不必喂料。牛都两只角，体强力大，是世界各国普遍使用的耕作工具。”由于写作者对有关牛的知识了解不够，有些只是一知半解。所以写起来造成知识性的错误。世界上牛的品种不只水牛、黄牛两种，杂交品种的牛并不长角;除了青草外，还必须给牛喂其它饲料;世界上也不是普遍使用牛作为耕作工具，牛还有专供食用、奶用或运输用,甚至作为神物崇拜的。

第二避免文体性的错误。如有篇说明文题为《蚯蚓》，其中写道：“……别看这小动物不惹眼，它可天天在松土、干活，它不讲究吃穿，不讲究休息，不讲住的，不讲报酬，整天埋头苦干，为人们劳作耕地，让作物生长茂盛。我不禁想起我们的老师，他们也有蚯蚓精神。

我愿作一条辛勤劳动的蚯蚓。”

显而易见，这篇习作把一篇说明文写成了一篇借物咏志的抒情散文了。

第三，克服片面性的论述。如，有篇题为《青蛙》的知识小品，介绍青蛙时写道：“青蛙是两栖、变温的动物，营养价值很高，……”这样定是片面的，青蛙能捕捉害虫，有益于庄稼的生长，只写它营养价值高，不宣传要保护它，饲养它，必然会造成不良社会影响。片面性是不利普及科学知识的。

Last sunday. I and my father, mother, grandparents, brother went to changbaishan by bus. In the morning we came down the mountain. I saw wooded mountains, wild flowers bloom. We climb up the hill along the mountain path. Come halfway up the mountain, I feel a little tired，it began to rain,My West Lake silk umbrella missed,. Dad said to me,“zhaixiaowei， don’t do anything halfway.”at last，So I insisted reached the top, the top of the scenery so beautiful.We were flying kites, I was thirsty, my mother bought me a bottle of water, .finally we went home.finally，Since then, Ive kept the umbrella。i was very happy。

我的新老师—初中英语作文大全

【—我的新老师—】下文是老师为同学们带来的关于对老师的印象及自己的看法，同学们对自己的老师是否也有着不一样看法呢？

My New Teacher

The new semester has begun. Every thing seems the same as before, except one thing. That is our class has a new English teacher. His name is Yang yang, but we always call his English name, Robert. He is a young and sunshine. He just graduated from university. His pronunciation is very good and I like his spoken English. Robert is humorous and his class is interesting and lively. Except for the textbook, he finds many other articles for class teaching, such as songs, movies and cartoons. He says that we can learn more from what we are interested in. I like this new teacher.

新学期已经开始了。除了一件事以外，每一件事看起来都和原来一样。那就是我们班来了个新的英语老师。他的名字叫杨阳，但是我们经常叫他的英文名Robert。他年轻阳光，刚刚从大学毕业。他的发音很标准 初中英语，我很喜欢他的口语。Robert很幽默，他的课堂生动有趣。除开课本，他还找了很多文章进行课堂教学，比如歌曲，电影和卡通。他说我们可以从我们感兴趣的东西学到更多。我喜欢这位新老师。

上面的是关于对老师的英文介绍，同学们对单词和短语都了解呢？如果不懂，记得要查英语字典哦！

初三英语单词表大全

A a(an) art

a(an) art ability n

ability n able a

able a about prep & ad

about prep & ad above prep

above prep abroad a & ad

abroad a & ad absent a

absent a accent n

accent n accept v

accept v accident n

accident n ache n

ache n achieve v

achieve v across prep

across prep act n & v

act n & v action n

action n active a

active a activity n

activity n add v

add v address n

address n advantage n

advantage n advertisement n

advertisement n advice n

advice n advise v

advise v afford v

afford v afraid a

afraid a after ad , prep & con

after ad , prep & con afternoon n

afternoon n again ad

again ad against prep

against prep age n

age n ago ad

ago ad agree v

agree v agreement n

agreement n air n

air n airline

airline airplane n

airplane n airport n

airport n alive a

alive a all a & pron

all a & pron allow v

allow v almost ad

almost ad alone a

alone a along ad & prep

along ad & prep aloud ad

aloud ad already ad

already ad also ad

also ad although conj

although conj always ad

always ad America n

America n American a & n

American a & n among prep

among prep ancient a

ancient a and conj

and conj angry a

angry a animal n

animal n another a & pron

another a & pron answer n & v

answer n & v ant n

ant n any pron & a

any pron & a anybody pron

anybody pron anyone pron

anyone pron anything pron

anything pron anyway ad

anyway ad anywhere ad

anywhere ad appear v

appear v apple n

apple n April n

April n area

area arm n

arm n army n

army n around prep & ad

around prep & ad arrive v

arrive v art n

art n article n

article n as ad, conj & prep

as ad, conj & prep Asia n

Asia n Asian a & n

Asian a & n ask v

ask v asleep a

asleep a at prep

at prep Atlantic n & a

Atlantic n & a attention n

attention n August n

August n aunt n

aunt n Australia n

Australia n Australian a & n

Australian a & n autumn n

autumn n available a

available a avoid n

avoid n awake v

awake v away ad

away ad baby n

He always rose early to enjoy at least two hours of solitude in the house

and garden before the rest of the family came down In winter he spent most of

the time reading and writing. In sum mer he liked to get out of doors to work in

the kitchen garden or to take the dog for a walk in the neighbouring woods and

fields Whatever the weather, there was plenty to occupy him.

Although he was a creature of habit, there seemed to be an infinite variety

in his pursuits. He wrote book reviews regularly for two of the national

weeklies. He worked conscientiously his special subject, Indian History, and was

thus one of the world authorities on it;

he collected modern abstract paintings and so had a circle of friends

amongst artists and sculptors; there was hardly anything he did not know about

traditional jazz and he often entertained both British and America n jazz

musicians He was a superb cook and knew a lot about French and German food.

His family adored him and in a sense he was spoiled by them. At first

glance you would have taken him for a retired army officer-his bearing was

erect, his hair was cut short, he was fussy about his clothes, which were always

neat, clean and conventional. He liked to keep fit, and this was reflected in

his clear, steady blue eyes and healthy suntanned complexion. He hardly ever

watched TV, but enjoyed a good film and an occasional evening at the

theatre.

How to protect the environment

Good environment can make people feel happy and fit . To improve the environment means to improve our life.

We should plant more trees and flowers around us . We shouldn’t cut them down . We should stop factories from pouring waste water into the river and waste gas into the air.

Whenever we see litter on the ground , we should pick it up and throw it into dusbins. Never spit in public. Don’t draw on public walls. It’s our duty to protect the environment.

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者，事竟成。

Wellbegunishalfdone.好的开端是成功的一半。

East,west,homeisbest.金窝、银窝，不如自己的草窝。

Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧。

Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.天助自助者。

Easiersaidthandone.说起来容易做起来难。

Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.有志者事竟成。

Onefalsestepwillmakeagreatdifference.失之毫厘，谬之千里。

Slowandsteadywinstherace.稳扎稳打无往而不胜。

Afallintothepit，againinyourwit.吃一堑，长一智。

Experienceisthemotherofwisdom.实践出真知。

Allworkandnoplaymakesjackadullboy.只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变笨。

Beautywithoutvirtueisarosewithoutfragrance.无德之美犹如没有香味的玫瑰，徒有其表。

Morehasty，lessspeed.欲速则不达。

Itsnevertoooldtolearn.活到老，学到老。

Allthatglittersisnotgold.闪光的未必都是金子。

Ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswithasinglestep.千里之行始于足下。

Lookbeforeyouleap.三思而后行。

Romewasnotbuiltinaday.伟业非一日之功。

Greatmindsthinkalike.英雄所见略同。

wellbegun，halfdone.好的开始等于成功的一半。

Itishardtopleaseall.众口难调。

Outofsight，outofmind.眼不见，心不念。

Factsspeakplainerthanwords.事实胜于雄辩。

Callbackwhiteandwhiteback.颠倒黑白。

Firstthingsfirst.凡事有轻重缓急。

Illnewstravelsfast.坏事传千里。

Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患难见真情。

livenottoeat，buteattolive.活着不是为了吃饭，吃饭为了活着。

Actionspeakslouderthanwords.行动胜过语言。

Eastorwest，homeisthebest.金窝银窝不如自家草窝。

Itsnotthegaycoatthatmakesthegentleman.君子在德不在衣。

Beautywillbuynobeef.漂亮不能当饭吃。

Likeandlikemakegoodfriends.趣味相投。

Theolder，thewiser.姜是老的辣。

DoasRomansdoinRome.入乡随俗。

Anidleyouth，aneedyage.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。

Asthetree，sothefruit.种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。

Toliveistolearn，tolearnistobetterlive.活着为了学习，学习为了更好的活着。

Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.有志者事竟成。

Nothingistoodifficultintheworldifyousetyourmindintoit.世上无难事，只怕有心人。

Everycoinhastwosides.每枚硬币都有两面;凡事皆有好坏。

Donttroublestroubleuntiltroubletroublesyou.不要自找麻烦。

Nopains，nogains.不劳无获

Thereisnoroyalroadtolearning.学无坦途。

Lookbeforeyouleap.Firstthink,thenact.三思而后行。

Itisnevertoolatetomend.亡羊补牢，犹为未晚。

Lightcome,lightgo.来得容易，去得快。

Timeismoney.时间就是金钱。

Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患难见真交。

Greathopesmakegreatman.远大的希望，造就伟大的人物。

Afterastormcomesacalm.雨过天晴。

AllroadsleadtoRome.条条大路通罗马。

Artislong,butlifeisshort.人生有限，学问无涯。

Sticktoit,andyoullsucceed.只要人有恒，万事都能成。

Earlytobedandea

rlytorisemakesamanhealthy,wealthy,andwise.早睡早起，富裕、聪明、身体好。

Agoodmedicinetastesbitter.良药苦口。

Itisgoodtolearnatanothermanscost.前车之鉴。

Keepingisharderthanwinning.创业不易，守业更难。

Letscrossthebridgewhenwecometoit.船到桥头自然直。

Morehaste,lessspeed.欲速则不达。

Nopains,nogains.不劳则无获。

Nothingisdifficulttothemanwhowilltry.世上无难事，只要肯登攀。

Wherethereislife,thereishope.生命不息，希望常在。

Anidleyouth,aneedyage.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。

Wemustnotliedown,andcry,"Godhelpus."求神不如求己。

Aplantmayproducenewflowers;manisyoungbutonce.花有重开日，人无再少年。

Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.自助者，天助之。

Whatmaybedoneatanytimewillbedoneatnotime.明日待明日，明日不再来。

AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.只工作，不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。

Diligenceisthemotherofsuccess.勤奋是成功之母。

Truthisthedaughteroftime.时间见真理。

Takecareofthepence,andthepoundswilltakecareofthemselves.积少自然成多。

Nomaniswiseatalltimes.智者千虑，必有一失。

Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday.今天能做的事绝不要拖到明天。

Liveandlearn.活到老，学到老。

Killtwobirdswithonestone.一石双鸟。

Itneverrainsbutitpours.祸不单行。

Indoingwelearn.经一事，长一智。

Easiersaidthandone.说起来容易做起来难。

Anounceofpreventionisworthapoundofcure.一分预防胜似十分治疗。

Industryisfortunesrighthand,andfrugalityherleft.勤勉是幸运的右手，节约是幸运的左手。

Geniusisonepercentinspirationand99percentperspiration.天才一分来自灵感，九十九分来自勤奋。

Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。

Hewhopaysthepiper,callsthetune.谁负担费用，谁加以控制。

Hewhohashealthhashope,andhewhohashopehaseverything.身体健壮就有希望，有了希望就有了一切。

Nomanisbornwiseorlearned.人非生而知之。

Actionspeaklouderthanwords.事实胜于雄辩。

Courageandresolutionarethespiritandsoulofvirtue.勇敢和坚决是美德的灵魂。

Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.合即立，分即垮。

Thereisnosmokewithoutfire.无风不起浪。

Manyhandsmakelightwork.人多好办事。

Readingmakesafullman.读书长见识。

Thebesthorseneedsbreeding,andtheaptestchildneedsteaching.最好的马要驯，最伶俐的孩子要教。

Learnyoung,learnfair.学习趁年轻，学就要学好。

Wisdominthemindisbetterthanmoneyinthehand.胸中有知识，胜于手中有金钱。

Oncebitten,twiceshy.一次被咬，下次胆小。

Soundinbody,soundinmind.有健全的身体才有健全的精神。

Seeingisbelieving.百闻不如一见。

Dogswavetheirtailsnotsomuchin,lovetoyouasyourbread.狗摇尾巴，爱的是你的面包。

Moneyisagoodservantbutabadmaster.要做金钱的主人，莫作金钱的奴隶。

Itshardsailingwhenthereisnowind.无风难驶船。

Thepathtogloryisalwaysrugged.通向光荣的道路常常是崎岖的。

Livingwithoutanaimislikesailingwithoutacompass.没有目标的生活如同没有罗盘的航行。

Qualitymattersmorethanquantity.质重于量。

Theon-lookerseesmostofthegame.旁观者清。

Wisdomisagoodpurchasethoughwepaydearforit.为了求知识，代价虽高也值得。

Joyssharedwithothersaremoreenjoyed.与众同乐，其乐更乐。

Happinesstakesnoaccountoftime.欢乐不觉日子长。

Timeandtidewaitsfornoman.岁月不等人。

Ifyouwantknowledge,youmusttoilforit.若要求知，必须刻苦。

Learntowalkbeforeyourun.循序渐进。

Knowingsomethingofeverything,andeverythingofsomething.通百艺而专一长。

Fromwordstodeedsisagreatspace.言行之间，大有距离。

Skillandconfidenceareanunconqueredarmy.技能和信心是无敌的军队。

Habitisasecondnature.习惯成自然。

Lifeless,faultless.只有死人才不会犯错误。

Abookisthesametodayasitalwayswasanditwillneverchange.好书千载常如新。

Books,likefriends,shouldbefewandwellchosen.读书如择友，宜少且宜精。

Abookthatremainsshutisbutablock.书本不常翻，犹如一块砖。

Itsnotthegaycoatthatmakesthegentleman.君子在德不在衣。

Twoheadsarebetterthanone.三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮。

Birthismuch,butbreedingismore.出身重要，教养更重要。

Nothingisimpossibletoawillingmind.世上无难事，只怕有心人。

Youcantmakesomethingoutofnothing.巧妇难为无米之炊。

Nothingventure,nothinghave.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。

Nothingfornothing.不费力气，一无所得。

Ofnothingcomesnothing.无中不能生有。

Hewhomakesnomistakesmakesnothing.不犯错误者一事无成。

Bettersaynothingthannothingtothepurpose.话不中肯，不如不说。

Nothingsucceedslikesuccess.一事如意，万事顺利。

Nothingstake,nothingdraw.不顶千里浪，哪来万斤鱼。

Nothingisasgoodasitseemsbeforehand.期待比现实更美好。

Nothingisgivensofreelyasadvice.劝人最容易。

Nothingissocertainastheunexpected.天有不测风云，人有旦夕祸福。

Nothingseek,nothingfind.无所求则无所获。

Alittleofeverythingisnothinginthemain.每事浅尝辄止，事事都告无成。

Agreatshipasksdeepwaters.大船要走深水。（蛟龙要在海中游。）

ThebestphysiciansareDr.Diet,Dr.Quiet,andDr.Merryman.节食博士、精心博士、快乐博士，三人都是最好的医生。

Hethatoncedeceivesiseversuspected.骗人一次，受疑一世。