初中英语说明文写作模板【汇编20篇】

1.1词汇方面

如果把写英语作文比作建楼房的话，英语词汇在英语写作中起着砖、瓦的作用，是句子的最基本的组成部分，所以词汇是我们高中英语教学中的重点，单词听写是课堂教学必不可少的一个环节，但学生的词汇量毕竟有限，遇到问题时，便会用汉语词汇去补充英语词汇的空缺。

例如：交通十分繁忙。误：The traffic is busy. 正：The traffic is heavy.

她和一位教授结婚了。误：She married with a professor.

正：She married a professor.

英语词语的词义往往比较复杂，并和汉语有着一定区别。这种不同就会会导致学生仅把写作当作一词一句的翻译来做，结果是事倍功半。

1.2语法方面

英语中难点就是时态，语态的掌握。英语中常用时态共十六种，语态分为主动语态与被动语态，语气有陈述语气与虚拟语气之分。不同的时态有它特有的句法结构。如现在进行时态使用be＋v－ing形式来表示。现在完成时则用have／has ＋p．p来表示。一般将来时则用shall／will／be going to＋v来表示。英语中时间意义的表达是通过动词的时和体来加以反映，而汉语中不存在时、体等，汉语则依靠表示时间的副词（如“曾经”、“正在”、“已经”、“将要”）作状语，或利用虚词“了”、“着”、“过”等作补语这一语法手段来体现，动词本身无任何变化。在英语中，“already”和“ever”常常用在完成时态之中，不能与表示过去的时间状语连用。学生常常把上述句子错译成“Yesterday I have been to the park．”“Five years ago，they have known each other．”又如在英语中，我们常常用否定前置来

①1782年4月，法国巴黎的一位采石工人劈开了一块巨大的石头，眼前的一幕让他惊呆了：石头里面藏着4只蟾蜍，它们竟然都还活着。石头被劈开后，这4只蟾蜍蹦了出来，看起来还很有活力。

②科学家对这里的石灰岩层进行了科学测定，证实它们形成于100多万年之前，也就是说这4只蟾蜍在石层中已经冬眠100多万年了。

③这件事让人们大为惊诧，这4只蟾蜍竟然能活100多万年！它们是怎么在这100多万年里保持着生命的活力的呢？

④我们谁都渴望长寿，可是人类和其他动物的寿命都是有限的。一只狗可以活15年到20年，一匹马可以活30年到40年。无论是人类还是动物，生命都是有限的。一般来说，人的生命极限为200至250年，而普通的蟾蜍的生命极限也只是10年。

⑤可是这4只小小的蟾蜍竟然能够挑战生命的极限，存活了100万年，这令人唏嘘不已。

⑥面对这样的生命奇迹，人们不禁要问：“在如此漫长的时间内，这些蟾蜍在没有食物、水和阳光的环境下，是怎么维持生命的呢？这些能生存百万年的老寿星们，它们是怎么修炼出长寿秘诀的呢？”

⑦有科学家分析说，可能是这些动物在冬眠的时候地壳发生了变动，它们所在的淤泥变成了岩石，这些岩石虽然看起来很坚固，其实存在着不少微小缝隙，所以水分和空气都能够进入岩石中，它们便可以生存了。但是，动物要维系生命，还需要一定的热量，尽管蟾蜍或青蛙在冬眠时热量消耗非常低，但它们自身的热量，无论如何也无法维持数千年甚至数万年之久啊！

⑧有科学家解释说，蟾蜍能经过上百万年仍有生命体征，得益于它们生存在一个保持“恒温”的环境下。封存它们的岩层或矿层就是这样一个恒温的环境。在这样的环境下，它们不会受到任何外界的刺激，天气阴晴冷暖、四季交替对它们都没有什么影响。蟾蜍实际上等于把生命贮藏了起来，不进行新陈代谢，不消耗能量，所以能长期不吃东西而不死亡。

⑨还有科学家认为，蟾蜍长寿是因为它们体内有一种甘油在起作用。美国的一位科学家就曾做过这样的实验：他先把几只快要冬眠的青蛙放到零下6度的环境中，一周之后，他给青蛙慢慢地提高温度解冻，并检查青蛙的肌肉成分，结果发现它们的肌肉中多了一种甘油。所以他认为，蟾蜍在冬眠时，由于体内产成了一种甘油，所以才能长久不死。

⑩另有一些科学家认为，上述解释都还不够充分。迄今为止，对于蟾蜍和青蛙如何长久维持生命的问题，科学家们还没有形成一致的结论。但随着生物科学的迅速发展，相信这个谜团最终会被解开，这可能还会对研究人类长寿问题有启迪和借鉴作用呢。

(选自2014年2期《学生天地 》初中版)

1.对于蟾蜍在没有食物、水和阳光的环境下得以长寿的原因，科学家有哪几种解释？请作简要概括。

2.选文第③段中加着重号的“这件事”指代什么？

3.选文第④段加线句运用了什么说明方法？有什么作用？

4.简析第⑩段加着重号的词语“可能”的作用。

参考答案：

1.①包裹蟾蜍的岩石存在着不少微小缝隙，水分和空气都能够进入岩石中，蟾蜍便可以生存了。②蟾蜍生存在一个保持“恒温”的环境下，不进行新陈代谢，不消耗能量，所以能长期不吃东西而不死亡。③蟾蜍在冬眠时，由于体内产成了一种甘油，所以才能长久不死。

2.4只蟾蜍在一块巨大的石头里活了100多万年。

3.用列数字的说明方法，真实具体地说明了一般动物的寿命是有限的。

4.“可能”表推测，说明蟾蜍长寿谜团被解开，也许对研究人类长寿问题有启迪和借鉴作用，“可能”体现出说明文语言的准确性、科学性特点。

"As" this sentence is confirmed by the wonderful nature, yesterday the

wisper under light rain, my heart is heavy like a rock, because want to master

and old milk grave, before, I dont understand the real meaning of the qing Ming

day, until today after sweeping the tomb, I understand the true meaning of

tomb-sweeping day!

At seven o clock in the morning, we prepare to master and old milk grave,

grave is a fresh thing for me, we take tools and set off.

Walking the winding mountain road, I cant wait, after about an hour, we

came to the master and old grandmas grave, a year didnt come, graves are

covered with wild grass, you well after the division of labor, began to busy,

everything is in place, we started to burn money, along with the smoke, I seem

to see their shadow, they told me: study hard and cherish life.

Yes, life is short, happy every day to live, to continuously surpass

ourselves, surpass ourselves, dream will come true; The superego, the dream into

power; Beyond the self, to create beautiful life! I think life is constantly

transcend self, beyond the dream!!!!! Panoramic view of the city house on the

mountain, the mountain was full of golden golden in the rape, deep breath, deep

and remote light fragrance, fresh air, the flowers with irresistible power

explanation of the meaning of life!

①认真观察说明对象，抓住了特征;

②说明讲究了一定的顺序，条理性强;

③依据说明对象或说明内容采用合适的说明方法;

④语言表达讲究分寸，用语准确，并力求多样性。怎样才能写好说明文呢?首先，要抓住事物的特征。

所谓特征，就是事物本身的某一点(或几点)的独特属性，也就是这一事物与其他事物在本质上的差别,即这一事物区别于其他事物的标志。

要准确地把握特征，一要靠观察，二要靠比较。

观察，必须认真、仔细、全面，这就是发现、抓住并说明事物特征的前提;比较，有纵向比较，如现在和过去相比;有横向比较，如此物与彼物相比。对于事物说明文来讲，还要通过调查资料、向人请教等途径弄清事理。只要善于观察研究，就能把握特征。

同是建筑，有的以雄伟著称，有的以精巧见长，有的简朴自然，有的典雅华丽;同是动物，有的凶猛，有的温驯。这些都是可以通过观察来把握的。比如要你写一篇介绍水的说明文，你必须介绍水是一种什么物质、水的种类和形态、水的重要性等。要做到这一点，你必须观察研究，知道水是由氢、氧组成的无色无味的透明液体，随着温度的变化而呈液态、固态和气态，水是人民生活和工农业生产必不可少的物质。

1993年全国高考小作文，要求根据所绘图画介绍圆规。小而平常的圆规，乍看无特征可言，但一深究，圆规最大的特征是什么呢?当然是画圆，这是它最大的属性，也是特征。抓住这一点，文章就好写了。

按要求要写圆规的构造、功能和使用方法，但这一切又必须紧紧围绕画圆这个主要特征，其作用是画圆，而它的构造和使用方法也都是为画圆服务的。

第二，用词要准确。在说明事物形态、性质、功用或操作程序时，必须将数量、范围、程度、次序等表达清楚、恰当，尤其要注意修饰、限制、补充性词语的选用。第三，条理要清楚。根据说明对象及其特征的不同，分别选用空间顺序、时间顺序、逻辑顺序及主次顺序、因果关系等。

最后，要学习运用举例子、列数字、作比较、分类别这四种主要的说明方法。把所要说明的对象说清楚,就应做到把握说明对象的特征，注意说明顺序和说明方法，有条有理地予以介绍。说明文写作的重点也就应放在这三点上。

大纲要求初中生能写简单的说明文，中考说明文写作考查只要求写小作文。从说明对象的类型看，常见的考题有以下几类：①根据图表内容写说明文;②介绍某物的制作过程;③介绍某一物件的结构、性能等;④介绍某一特定环境的位置;⑤说明某种现象的成因;

I hope to go on a trip to Beijing,but my mother always tells me "you

cant".She thinks I am too young to go to Beijing,and I am too busy at

school.This term is over,To my surprise,my mother will take me to Beijing.I am

very excited!Then I have a traveing plan for this trip:firstly I will go to the

tiananmen square,I will take many pictures,then I am going to the palace

museum,I can see many old builds there.secondly,I am goingto the wangfujing

street,we will buy many things,for example,foods,clothes and some books.then I

will go home. I think I will have a great trip to Beijing.

I am Alice. I am a student of No.1 Middle School. I study in Class Two

Grade Seven.

There is a map of our school on the wall. The playground is in the middle

of the school. On the left of the playground, there is a library. I like reading

very much, so I often read books in the library. There is a teaching building

behind the library. We study in that building. My classroom is on the second

floor in that building. The teachers offices are in that building, too. Where

is the sport hall? Oh, its on the right of the teaching building. I have P.E

class in the sport hall. The canteen is in front of the sport hall. We have

lunch and dinner in the canteen. In the school, I feel very happy!

This is my school. Its a big and nice place. I like my school very much.

What about your school?

你说过一句话；人生自古谁无死，留取丹心照汗青。

你嫉恶如仇，见善若饥渴；你修身絜行，言必由绳墨！有你在一切之邪道都为枉然。孔曰成仁，孟曰取义，唯其义尽，所以仁至。读圣贤书，所学何事？

而今而后，庶几无愧。四十七载春秋，你清苦一生；四十七界轮回，你仰天长叹！你明知多言必招祸，但仍然为了江山社稷，为了广大黎民，不顾一切的站起身，挺直腰板，向全世界宣战！邦有道则仕，邦无道则隐。浑浊的宋朝，就是一滩污水，你勤勤恳恳，一心为国。不顾小人的算计，不顾社会的险恶，上书谏言。爱国之心，亦无人能比。国家在你的眼下被元朝所占，你虽心有不甘，却也无力回天。牢狱之灾，你一笑而过；

牢刑之苦，你淡然处之。囚禁三年，骨肉难圆，封官诱降，不为所动，清官这个词，因你而生。

哀哉沮洳场，为我安乐国。岂有他缪巧，阴阳不能贼，忠臣这个词，因你才诞生。

顾此耿耿在，仰视浮云白。悠悠我心悲，苍天曷有极，慈悲因你而存在。

哲人日已远，典刑在夙昔。风檐展书读，古道照颜色。凛然正气，从容就义！你，就是世间不灭的传奇！

采菊东篱下，悠然见南山。扑鼻的菊香中，你悠然自得。你从不为官场的阿谀而屈服他人的脚下，从不因世人的冷漠而熄灭生命的热情。你毅然选择放弃，最后留下高洁的清影。你远离喧嚣的尘世，独自寄居东篱之下。

曾经官场早已抛之脑后。披星戴月的生活更加逍遥自在。没有功名追求，没有利欲熏心。有的是皓月当空、月华如水的美丽。是南山种豆、夕露沾衣的欣然。是东篱采菊、遥望南山的闲适。躬耕自资，借山归隐。医用自己的豁达，昭显了生命的意义

。造饮辄尽，期在必醉；既醉而退，曾不吝情去留。你虽生活拮据，却从不自甘堕落，褴褛屋檐下，未足为高栖。一世皆尚同，愿君汩其泥。旁人都在劝你，这世道本就如此，何必如此认真。“深感老父言，禀气寡所谐。纤辔诚可学，违已讵非迷？

且共欢此饮，吾驾不可回。在那古代的人性泯灭的时期，是你唤醒了人的良知。你一心一意，匡庐山水，不戚戚于贫贱，不汲汲于富贵。吾不能为五斗米折腰，拳拳事乡里小人邪！有了你，公理自在心中，大同社会不是幻想，这就是你，给了我们一个恒久的神话！

你虽然不为世人所知，但你却活在正士的心中，原先那个辉煌的时代，因你存在，因为……

你就是不灭的正道！

可是，到如今，这个新世纪里，谁人做了什么，是人性的泯灭，道德的丧失，或是官场贪官的行尸走肉？又或是什么，让你离我们远去，还是真正的破碎了呢？

at present, more and more people think that men and women should enjoy

equal rights. many countries even have passed laws to guarantee such an equality

between different sexes. accordingly, there are now no longer certain jobs or

certain places that are closed to women. the number of business women, female

doctors, scientists and leaders is considerably increasing.

there are three main reasons for the improvement of womens social

position. first, women themselves have been persistently struggling for

equality. second, men also realize that women are not born inferior to them.

women can do a great many things as well as or even better than men. third,

social development has produced a great demand for womens participation in

every field.

in spite of these changes the liberation of women has not been completely

realized. prejudice against women is deeply rooted still in some peoples mind,

especially in distant rural areas. so, mankind should take further painstaking

efforts to really realize equality.

We all wish (hope) to be happy, so we should take good care of our health.

Health is the best treasure (which) a man can possess. Money can do many things, but it cannot buy happiness. However, so long as man has good health, he can enjoy the pleasures of human life.

In order to insure good health we must pay attention to three things. They are-nourishing food, fresh air and proper exercise.

我们大家都希望快乐，所以我们应该好好保重健康。一个病人因为失去健康而很少快乐。

健康是一个人所能拥有最好的财富。钱能做许多事情，但是它却不能购买。然而，只要一个人有良好的健康，他就能享受人生的乐趣。

为了保证良好的健康，我们必须注意三件事情。它们是营养食物，新鲜空气和正当运动。

[初中生英语日记良好的健康

With the improvement of living conditions, more and more people can live

longer. However, many old people always suffer from loneliness, which is one of

the major problems in today’s society. To make the old people live better, some

good advice must be followed. Firstly, the young should spare more time to talk

and communicate with their parents, so as to relieve their loneliness. Secondly,

the old ought to understand the work pressure and family burden of the young.

Furthermore, the society are supposed to organize more activities for the old,

so that they can make more friends and have more joys and happiness in their

life.

in the u。s。 mothers day is a holiday celebrated on second sunday in may。 it is a day when children honor their mothers with cards， gifts， and flowers。 first observance in philadelphia， pa。 in 1907， it is based on suggestions by julia ward howe in 1872 and by anna jarvis in 1907。

although it wasnt celebrated in the u。s。 until 1907， there were days honoring mothers even in the days of ancient greece。 in those days， however， it was rhea， the mother of the gods that was given honor。

later， in the 1600s， in england there was an annual observance called "mothering sunday。" it was celebrated during june， on the fourth sunday。 on mothering sunday， the servants， who generally lived with their employers， were encouraged to return home and honor their mothers。 it was traditional for them to bring a special cake along to celebrate the occasion。in the u。s。， in 1907 ana jarvis， from philadelphia， began a campaign to establish a national mothers day。 jarvis persuaded her mothers church in grafton， west virginia to celebrate mothers day on the second anniversary of her mothers death， the 2nd sunday of may。 the next year mothers day was also celebrated in philadelphia。

jarvis and others began a letter-writing campaign to ministers， businessmen， and politicians in their quest to establish a national mothers day。 they were successful。 president woodrow wilson， in 1914， made the official announcement proclaiming mothers day a national observance that was to be held each year on the 2nd sunday of may。

many other countries of the world celebrate their own mothers day at different times throughout the year。 denmark， finland， italy， turkey， australia， and belgium celebrate mothers day on the second sunday in may， as in the u。s。

[初中英语作文：母亲节的历史

My family has a naughty puppy.

The dog with a golden hair, a pair of round yo eyes, a pair of ears vigilant listening to all the suspicious sound around. The puppy is also long with a pair of sharp claws, the tail erected tall, it is very arrogant. Puppies are also very ferocious, as long as a little to hear what or see what will be issued a "warning", do "fight" ready.

My dog is not only naughty, but also very rich sense of music.

One day, I am free to do nothing, they put the music. Who knows, the dog heard, the bones are not eating, and immediately came to the tape recorder. I guess, maybe the puppy found that the music came from the tape recorder! The dog in the recorder next to the squat, while listening to music, while the rhythm of the music with the tail to shake over the past, really like a small music Home in command of the band ...

The puppy is particularly fond of biscuits. I take this opportunity to catch the puppy as a fish. I first took out a slender bamboo, and then with a line in the other end of the bamboo, and then a piece of milk pull flowers biscuits tied to the other end of the rope, made a "fishing rod." I walked past the biscuits, and made the puppy dazzled, I suddenly stopped shaking, the biscuits hanging in front of the dog, the dog immediately soared to the biscuits, I went to the dog behind the biscuits, Let it rush empty. So it lasted for several minutes. Puppy pretend to "retreat", I immediately relaxed vigilance, who knows the dog quickly turned to bite biscuits, thanks to my reaction fast, puppy biting line. I would like to pull back the line, then hard pull, but I am more energetic, the dog pulled the more tight, I thought: it seems not storm, can only take. I stopped the "attack", the dog thought I surrendered, they are kindly ready to enjoy the biscuits, I take advantage of this opportunity, forced a pull, the biscuits back to my hands ... ...

This is my home naughty puppy, do you like it?

I like reading novels, because in the novels, I can imagine the world that

the author creates, I treat myself as part of the novels, it feels like that I

witness all the incidents. I especially like to read short novels, because I

don’t have so much to read the long novels, I am studying in the high school, I

have many subjects to learn. I have little time only on the weekends. Short

novels only costs me about one day to finish reading, while the long novels will

take me more than a week to finish, if I hang on reading part of it, I will

think about it all the time and can’t focus my mind on studying. What’s more, I

like to read novels more than twice, so it is easy to do for me to read short

novels. I gain so much for read these short novels.

Every year, the thing I expect the most is the Spring Festival. My parents

work far from home and they come back one or two times a year. The Spring

Festival is the time they come home. Every time they come back, they bring mangy

things to me. When I was little, they bought me toys, new clothes and shoes.

Now, they often buy me books. They say more reading is good for me. They hope I

can learn more. The time spend with them is always happy but short. They only

have half a month at home. I hope they can stay at home longer.

This week I didnt do many wonderful things．

I went to learn developing film with my classmates on July 1st． It was easy and we all got good marks．

On July 4th， I went to school to learn， because I will be a junior three student soon． We would have to learn some lessons in advance． The weather was very hot． But I didnt feel that learning lessons was boring． Some teachers are new． They are good I think， although they are all looked strict． And the lessons were not too bad．

This week was the beginning of this summer holiday， but it was really typical ．

Whenit comes to online shopping, different people holds different ideas towards it.Some people seem extremely enjoy the way of buying things online because theyfeel online shopping is so convenient. Some just don’t believe that they can buygood quality commodities from Internet. As far as I’m concerned, I think onlineshopping creates lots of benefits to people.

Firstly,buying things online is a way of saving time. Compared with the traditional wayof shopping, we have no need to go out to pick up our favorite goods from storeto store. Just a click, we can have things in our shopping cart and just waitfor the goods to be delivered to us. To this extent, not only we can save thetime of finding things from store to store but we don’t need to spend time ontransportation. Thus, we can save lots of time to enjoy fun.

Secondly,buying things online can save our money. People buy commodities by Internet notonly because it saves us time, but also, we can save lots of money. It is oftenseen that some people just go to the physical store to check out thecommodities they want to buy and then they would search for their favoritecommodities online and take the order. People do this just because they knowthat online goods are usually cheaper than the goods displayed in shop windowbecause online shop have no need to pay the rent. So, people are more inclinedto buying things from online store.

Thirdly,convenience is the last but not least thing of shopping online. Since we canbuy things online, there is no need to go out to look for things we want tobuy. What we need to do is to simply sit before our computer, search for thingswe want to buy, click our favorite thing and then pay our order by our bankcard. And then, you just need to wait for your goods to be delivered to yourhome.

Inconclusion, shopping online is a convenient, time-saving and money saving wayof buying things. Therefore, we can benefit a lot from shopping online. That’sthe reason of why shopping online has developed faster and faster in recentyears.

人们一提到虎，就会想到它那健壮的身体，锋利的爪牙和威风的样子。的确，虎被 称为百兽之王，它是胜利和力量的象征。

在现实生活中，虎的数量很少，中学生作文《初中说明文作文》。在九种虎中，有四种已经灭绝了。仅剩下的五种虎中，也有 几种的数量仅剩两位数了。但美洲虎，东北虎的踪迹，还是可以在森林中找到，还是一样的 威风。

东北虎的毛色非常美丽，额前有一个“王”字形的斑纹，一身淡黄色的长毛上夹杂着黑色条 纹，显得十分漂亮；它那强健、粗壮的四肢和一对炯炯有神的眼睛，又使它显得威风凛凛。 东北虎是肉食性动物，它身上最厉害的武器就是锋利的爪和犬齿。它的爪长达十多厘米，伸 缩自如，比钢刀还利，就是牛皮也禁不住它一抓；犬齿长6厘米，是撕碎猎物不可缺少的“ 餐刀”；虎的舌头上有很多尖锐的刺，适于嘶咬。趾垫和掌心的肉垫，像海绵似的柔软，使 东北虎走起路来像猫一样，无声无息，敏捷而富有弹性。

所有种类的老虎几乎都有这些特点，这是它们身体条件上的优势，而它们的捕食本领也比狮 子高明，常采取静伏、潜行，好搞突然袭击。它的一声长啸，会吓得许多动物伏地不动，然 后 使用扑、掀和剪等方法来捕捉。虎的一扑很厉害，能远扑七米之外，跃高2米，一掌可以击 倒一只鹿。它的尾巴就像一条铁棍，“一剪”可以打断动物的腰和腿。它还有尖牙利爪，遇 上牛这样的大家伙，就从后面跃上牛背，抓住头颈，前顶后扯；如果从正面袭击，就会抓住 咽喉，连咬带撕，再壮的牛也只能任它宰割了。

虎在热带和寒温带森林中都有栖息，它耐寒超过耐热，喜欢洗澡，常常出没在离水较近的草 丛之间。在饱餐之后，它们一般都比较喜欢在安静的地方休息。虎与狮不同，一般都在晨昏 时才出来觅食，但是行动却十分隐蔽。

除母虎带仔外，绝大多数的虎都是单独栖居，并有明显的巢域。母虎一般两三年一胎，一胎 一般二仔。由于森林日趋减少，素有“森林的保护者”美誉的老虎不但保护不了被人类不断 吞噬的森林，连自身的生存也受到环境问题的严重严胁。目前，我国虎类总共只有3000多只 。

由于虎的价值大，数量又少，这“森林之王”的雄姿已很难见到。目前东北虎和华南虎均已 被列为我们国家的一类保护动物，相信经过社会各界人士不懈的努力，一定会使子孙后代们 永远可以见到这百兽之王— —虎的雄姿。

教案(Teaching Plan)是教师施教的课时计划或方案,是帮助教师有效地进行素质教育教学的依据.教案可以帮助教师有计划、有步骤地进行素质教育教学,充分利用课堂教学时间,高质量地完成教学任务.教案写得如何将直接影响教学效果的好坏.因此,在日常教学中,广大教师都非常注重写教案.那么写教案时应写什么呢?

一、写课题(Topic)和课型(Lesson Type)

课题相当于文章的标题,讲课时要首先告诉学生,并写在黑板上.因此要写得准确.课型是指该节课的讲授类型.初中英语的主要课型有:新授课(New lesson)、巩固课(Reinforcement Lesson)、复习课(Revision Lesson)、语音课(Phonetic Lesson)、听力课(Listening Lesson)、听说课(Aural-Oral Lesson)、阅读课(Reading Lesson)、语法课(Grammar Lesson)等.不同的课型应用不同的授课方式或方法,只有确定了课型,才能选择有效的素质教育教学方法.

二、写素质教育教学目标(Teaching Objective)

素质教育教学目标是教案的核心内容,是教师施教的准绳.教学目标要符合大纲对教材的要求.由于教学目标要在课堂上展示给学生,让学生明确,所以写素质教育目标时,要力求简明扼要,浅显易懂,便于操作和检测,一般3~4个目标为宜.

三、写素质教育教学的重点(Main Points)、难点(Difficult Points)和关键点(Key Points) 素质教育重点是课堂教学的主要任务;教学难点是师生顺利完成教学任务的障碍;素质教学关键是攻克教学难点的突破口.在教案中写清一节课的教学重点、难点和关键点,能提醒教师在讲课时注意突出重点、突破难点、抓住关键.

四、写教具(Teaching Tools)

课堂上需要什么教具要写清楚,如录音机、教材录音带、教学挂图、卡片、实物(或模型)、小黑板、刻印好的练习题、彩色粉笔、幻灯片等.

五、写素质教育教学过程(Teaching Procedure)

素质教育教学过程是教案的主要部分.写教学过程主要写以下几方面的内容:

1. 写教学环节.教学环节即教学任务是什么要写清楚,做到心中有数.目前有些教师采用"三阶段六环节"教学模式,即:准备阶段(自由交流、复习检查)、讲练阶段(导入课程、分层操练)和发展阶段(巩固发展、布置作业).

2. 写知识点和所用时间.写好知识点,教师使用教案时能一目了然,有的放矢.写好所用时间,能使教师从容掌握教学速度,合理安排每个教学环节所需的时间,充分利用课堂时间.

3. 写教师活动.不仅要写教师"教什么",还要写出教师"怎样教",即写清楚教师要教的内容,写出讲授这些内容的方法.写出课堂用语和各环节的过渡语.课堂用语要求简练、口语化,用学生已经学过的熟悉的、听得懂的英语来解释或表达新的教学内容.各环节之间的过渡语要自然流畅.写出使用教具的时机和方法,写板书内容等.

4. 写学生活动.写出学生学习的内容和学习方法,特别是怎样学应写清楚.不能简单地把学生活动写成听、读、思考、操练、做题等.

六、写课堂训练题(Exercises)

备课时精心设计的有针对性的随堂练习题和达标题要写在教案中.写清出示这些题的办法,如用小黑板、看刻印材料或学生已有材料等.写出这些题的答案和解题方法.

七、写课堂小结(Summing-up on Teaching)

课堂小结是教师帮助学生回顾和总结本节课的学习内容的重要环节.小结的方式和方法要在教案中写清楚,不论是教师引导学生总结,还是由教师归纳总结,都要注意把本节课的内容纳入知识系统之中,使学生在整体上把握知识.

八、写板书设计(Blackboard Designs)

板书是有声有色的教学语言,它具有直观性、形象性和启发性.因此,教师在课堂上要有计划

地使用黑板,板书什么内容、写在什么位置、用什么颜色的粉笔等要在备课时设计好,并写在教案中.避免课堂上东写一个句子、西写一个短语、一会儿写、一会儿擦、一会儿擦了又写的板书混乱现象.好的板书能使讲课的内容系统化、结构化,有利于学生复习本节课的知识. 写教案时要考虑的问题

1、如何开始备课

在教师着手备课之前，必须吃透课程标准（大纲）及教材，在此基础上，考虑学生的认知规律和实际的语言能力，以确定课题和教学目的，明确教学目标。从教学目标出发，确定重点和难点，考虑用哪些教学法来组织课堂。然后精心挑选、设计练习，确定要做、改、删、增的练习，列授课计划提纲，再逐步仔细预测各种教学技巧和教学手段的应用，特别是涉及可能修改计划、增删内容的教学步骤。

2. 思考几个问题

（1）教学技巧上，是否有足够的变化可以使课堂教学生动有趣？成功的外语课上总有不同的活动，使学生思维活跃，情绪高涨。

（2）不同教学技巧的应用和教学的组织有没有得到有序的、合乎逻辑的安排？理想化的课堂教学须朝着教学目标由易及难、循序渐进。建立在新知识之上的教学活动必须精心安排。

（3）整堂课的节奏设计得好吗？节奏的含义，可以有以下三个方面：第一，活动不能太短，也不能太长。如果课堂活动多而短，那么学生刚刚找到某活动的“感觉”，又得“跳到”下一个活动去了。这样不好。第二，教师应考虑如何把各种教学技巧、教学手段和教学组织形式揉合在一起。例如，一堂课上连续搞全班俩俩全班小组俩俩全班……的活动，每个活动五分钟，那么，这些活动是难以发挥其应有作用的。第三，控制好节奏也有利于各个教学活动之间的衔接。例如：

（4）整节课的时间有没有安排好？这是备课最难控制的因素之一。新教师往往容易提早授完所备内容，而后又易矫枉过正，不能完成课时计划。这里有两点值得提醒。预先准备一些“备用”的复习活动。如果提早授完已准备的内容，则进行复习巩固练习。

3. 学生的个体差异

随着教学过程的重心由教师向学生转变，学生的主体作用日益突出。课堂教学必须充分考虑学生的个体差异。我们主张，备课一般应以中等程度的学生为准，但也应适当照顾两头的学生。可以考虑以下五个方面：（1）教学内容适当包含一些较难或较易的项目，（2）针对不同水平的学生问不同难度的问题，（3）设计的教学活动尽可能让全体同学都参与。

4. 学生谈话与教师谈话

备课时要充分考虑教师与学生的谈话时间。一般的英语课上，总是教师说得多， 学生说得少。要注意让学生有较多的机会进行交际。

Recently, I saw an interested video that was shot by a young foreigner. He

played two roles-a Chinese mother and an American mother. He imitated the

reaction about how the mothers treated their children in education. It was so

obvious that Chinese mothers took care of their children all the time and they

would do all the things for them. While the American mothers focused on the

childrens independence. They would ask the kids to do housework and when they

grew up, they asked the kids to move out. Both parents showed different ways to

love their children and their love was equal, for every mother is a great

heroine.

Summer vacation, this is a the students expect long-lost happy time, simply can and play, no more unpleasant sound alarm clock in the morning... But we looked at those high expectations, a less-pressured treasure mom, has arranged everything for us: early in the morning to go to remedial class, noon to classes every day and every day go to remedial classes in the afternoon. I every day in ask him, who invented the remedial class! Deprived of the time I watch TV, if let me know who it is, I will regard that man as my enemy.

暑假，本是一个们期望己久的时光，可以痛痛快快地玩了，早上再也没有了令人讨厌的闹钟声…可是我们那些望子成龙，望女成凤的宝妈们，却早早为我们安排好了一切﹕每天早上去辅导班，每天中午去辅导班，每天下午去辅导班。我每天在问天问地，到底是谁发明了辅导班!剥夺了我看电视的，如果让我知道是谁，我要把那个人视为我的仇人。

这几天，我和妈妈一起去了西安。西安古色古香的景色真是让人过目不忘，我带你来看看吧。

第一天，我和妈妈一起去看秦兵马俑。

我早早就听说过秦始皇兵马俑的雄伟和壮观，但是不亲临其境还是难以体会到这种叹为观止的壮丽。

我从课文中了解到：兵马俑规模宏大。已发掘的三个俑坑，总面积达19120平方米，足有两个半足球场那么大，坑内有兵马俑近8000个。在三个俑坑中，一号坑最大，东西长230米，南北宽62米，总面积有14260平方米，坑里的兵马俑也最多，共有6000个左右。一号坑上面，现在已盖起了一座巨大的拱形大厅。走进大厅，人们无不为兵马俑的恢宏气势和高超的制作工艺所折服。站在高处鸟瞰，坑里的兵俑，马俑相间，一行行，一列列，十分整齐，排成了一个巨大的长方形军阵，看上去真像是秦始皇当年统率的一支南征北战，所向披靡的大军。真的是这样的吗?我怀着疑问去参观秦兵马俑。

我们一进大门口，就匆匆赶到了一号坑。我刚刚迈进一号坑，就被这雄伟壮丽的场景惊呆了。这成千上百的兵马俑密密麻麻，整整齐齐的排列在坑内。我们依次看到了将军俑，武士俑，骑兵俑，兵车俑，弓弩俑和马俑。他们个性鲜明，神态各异，千人千面，没有一个是重复的，真是让我大吃一惊。我听导游说，兵马俑的靴子前面翘的程度能看出他们的官职，靴子前面翘的越高就代表官位越大。这个小知识，我还是头一次听呢!

我们依次观看了1，2，3秦兵马俑展厅，我获得的知识可真不少，比如兵马俑这么高大，以前的人也长得这么壮实吗?其实不是，秦始皇希望自己的军队可以人强马壮，所以他把希望体现在了兵马俑上。

兵马俑雄伟壮丽，所向披靡，其中还有很多的奥秘等待我们去探索。