初中英语说明文写作模板经典20篇

1.Cats

Cats are very cute animals,they are very special as well.

It has pointy ears,round eyes,little claws,and short but soft fur.Cats like eating fish and mice.They like to keep themselves clean,they do that by licking their fur.Also they are nocturnal animals,they sleep in the daytime and do most of their movements at night.

We should love cat,because cats are our friends,too.

2.I love cats,they are very intelligent.They have a lot of colors,I like most is black cat,black cat s eyes are yellow,and the cats eye at night will flash.The cat is very clever,can climb trees,most cats are caught rats.They are not easy to get sick,is adapted to survive in the wild,so there are so many stray cats.They are very poor,we should help them.

3.I used to have a Persian cat at my house. It is long curly hair, green eyes or a blue one! The lovely little nose is always smelling, and still a pure breed! Dont mention how cute it is! He is one of my favorite Persian cats - gigi.

Kikis temper is very small, generally very mild. For example, I came home from school every day, the first is to write the homework, Kiki would not bother me, squatting on the side of his curly hair comb. So after I had finished my homework, I will play and Kiki lying on my legs, I always playing with him not to mind taking the trouble.

Gigi is never choosy about food. Sometimes, Ill eat the rest of his give it to eat, will not care about it. Although it is not delicious, but it is very delicious but pretend to like, eating with relish; sometimes, I will go to buy cat food to eat it, Kiki happy tail swaying, as if to say: "little master! Little master, good!" Im glad to see it.

How cute look after writing, you must love it! Ill introduce you some other time. Ill give you an open view!

4.I like a lot of animals, but my favorite animal is my cat.

This is a cat, the eyelash is very large, the eye is particularly large, a brown hair, a long beard is about.

Its character is very gentle, remember the very first time that I touch it, it meow to cry, I was shocked, however, it is not for me to attack, then I feel it a few times, it is a strength with his hair rub I kept licking my hands or face.

It and my relationship is very close, I remember when I was in school, the first Chinese lesson, the teacher asked me to say, so I call a sound, suddenly a cat ran in front of me, I know this is my kitten immediately. Originally, this kitten has been following me, I can not take care of the teacher and the schoolmate is how to look at me, hurriedly takes the kitten to hug in the bosom, kisses it, the teacher, schoolmates sight not only is envies, also has the curiosity.

This is my favorite little animal. Oh, I forgot to tell you. I gave it a name - Emerald green.

Tracy, I like you. Youre always a part of my life!

5.My cat I love animals, especially cats.

I raise a kitten, I called her Mimi, she was very cute. She has a little black nose, her mouth is very small, very short legs. Every time I got home, she always shaking her tail, I went to the fractious arms. When she feels hungry when she was a very loud call to our attention.

I love my Mimi

People always say in one life, they can’t be sailing plainly, it means people will meet all kinds of difficulties and they are easy to feel frustrated, the one who gets over frustration, the one who becomes successful.

When we meet difficulties, we must learn to face it in the optimistic way, so we can see the hope and have the faith to move on.

The difficult moment is just the small interlude of our lives. As the saying that failure is the mother of success, so we need to learn lessons from failure and then when the time comes, we will get successful. Facing frustration is unavoidable, if we can handle it well, we will win.

人们总是说人的一生不可能一帆风顺，这意味着人们会遇到各种各样的困难，他们很容易会感到受挫，谁能走出挫折，谁就能获得成功。当我们遇到困难，必须要学着去乐观面对，这样我们才能看到希望，有信念前进。困难时刻不过是我们生活的小插曲。俗话说失败乃成功之母，我们要从失败中学到教训，当时机到来，我们就会成功。面对挫折是不可避免的，如果我们能处理好，就能赢得胜利。

[初中英语作文：面对挫折

一、遣词方面：用词要贴切而丰富，善用短语 ,词汇是语言的建筑材料，文章的好坏，选词很关键，如果用词精湛，就会使文章“亮”起来。

1、措辞要贴切具体

试比较下面句子：

A man is walking down the street.

A man is strolling down the street.

通过比较可以看出，前一句不如后一句表达得具体、生动。一个词如果内涵越具体，那么在特定的场景中恰当地使用它，就会收到意想不到的效果。很多同学写作时常随便用一个很笼统的词来描述一个具体事物或人，如 a nice man给人感觉很笼统空泛，我们可以用很多有个性的、具体的词描绘一个人，如 generous(大方的，慷慨的)，humorous(幽默的)，smart(漂亮的，潇洒的)，kind-hearted，warm-hearted，hospitable(好客的,招待周到的)，gentle(文雅的)，optimistic(乐观的)，easy-going(随和的)，spirited(英勇的)，cultivated(有教养的)，manly(有男子气概的)，knowledgeable(知识渊博的)等等。

2、要善于运用短语

短语用得好，会给评卷员留下深刻印象。如：

When he was a child，he wanted to learn everything.( 普通)

When he was a child，he had a strong appetite(胃口) for knowledge.(高级)

3、要避免汉语思维

用词要符合英语习惯，避免汉语思维的影响，如某些名词和动词搭配已约定俗成，不能随意打乱其搭配习惯，否则会显得生硬和词不达意。如汉语中的“学到知识”，英语中就不能说“learn knowledge”，而要说acquire knowledge (获得知识) 。类似的动宾结构还有achieve success (获得成功)，gain reputation (获得声誉)，attain ones end (达到目的)等。

二、造句方面：句式要准确而多变，活用复合句

简单句用得太多，会造成文章读起来乏味。在评卷员看来，同样意思的内容，能够运用比较复杂的句式结构来表达，当然会认为其运用语言的能力要比只会用简单句来表达要强，评分自然就高。

1、巧用非谓语动词

运用非谓语动词，可使文句看起来更简洁，使语言更加丰富多彩，重点更加突出，增加文采。如：

I covered my ears，trying to keep the noise out，but failed. (2004广东卷)

2、巧用with复合结构

“with+名词/代词+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/介词”结构，常作伴随状语以增加被描绘内容的生动性和情感性，使文章读起来更简洁明了。试比较：

I couldnt go on studying because there was so much noise troubling me. (普通)

I couldnt go on studying with so much noise troubling me. (高级)

3、巧用复合句

高考评分标准强调使用语法结构的数量和复杂性，鼓励考生尽量使用较复杂的结构，并且对由此产生的错误采取了宽容的态度。如果恰当运用各类从句，就会使文章出彩。

如：(定语从句) Whats more，people have easy access to the Internet，which enables them to send and receive e-mails whenever they like.

4、巧用倒装句、感叹句、强调句、虚拟语气句等

使用这些句式可使文章化平淡为生动，加强语气，使评卷老师感受作者的强烈情感。

(倒装句)Only in this way can Internet Bars be well used by people.

(感叹句)I thought，“How hard mum is working! She must be very tired.”

5、巧用排山倒海句

如能运用一个个排比句、对偶句、不定式或短语，可令文章增色不少，会给评卷员眼前一亮的感觉。如：

The purpose of the program are to make our school more beautiful，to make the air cleaner and fresher，and to turn our school into a better place for us to study and live in.

三、谋篇方面：结构要清晰而流畅，巧用过渡词

众所周知，语言的最高层次不是传统语法所说的句子，而是语篇。语篇指的是一系列连接的语段或句子构成的语言整体。一篇好的文章不但句子正确，要点齐全，更重要的是有效地使用了语句间的连接成分。因此，恰当使用好连接性的词语和句子，是使作文获得高分的一个重要因素。

下列各组表示列举或补充的短语或句式非常实用，对高考写作很有帮助：

(1)Firstly...，secondly...，thirdly...，finally...

(2)In the first place...，in the second place...，in the third place...，lastly...

(3)to begin with...，then...，furthermore...，finally...

(4)to start with...，next...，in addition...，finally...

(5)first and foremost...，besides...，last but not least...

(6)most important of all...，moreover...，finally...

如果只有两层意思，可选用下列两组中的任一组：

(1)On the one hand...，on the other hand...

(2)For one thing..., and for another thing...技巧，希望对大家有帮助

This week I didnt do many wonderful things．

I went to learn developing film with my classmates on July 1st． It was easy and we all got good marks．

On July 4th， I went to school to learn， because I will be a junior three student soon． We would have to learn some lessons in advance． The weather was very hot． But I didnt feel that learning lessons was boring． Some teachers are new． They are good I think， although they are all looked strict． And the lessons were not too bad．

This week was the beginning of this summer holiday， but it was really typical ．

本学期，我将结合学校工作计划和学校教学工作计划的要求，规范常规教学，提高教学质量，努力形成自己的教学特色。

一、总体思路

以努力提高教学质量为目标，以抓好教学常规工作，提高英语合格率为重点，采用任务型教学法，注重“学困生”的教育补差工作，形成良好的教学风气。

二、学生情况分析

经过一学期的学习，从上期期末成绩来看，七年级两个班的英语成绩比较理想。平均分82分。大部分学生学习目的明确，态度端正，掌握了英语学习的一些基本方法，能够积极主动认真地学习，学习成绩较好。但还有少部分学生没有明确的学习目的，缺少学习的热情和主动性，自觉性较差，相应的学习习惯也差，加上两极分化十分严重。

三、教材分析

《Goforit》七年级下册共14个单元，包括2个复习单元。全书采用任务型语言教学模式，融汇话题、交际功能和语言结构，形成了一套循序渐进的生活化的学习程序。每个单元都列出明确的语言目标，主要的功能项目与语法结构，需要掌握的基本词汇，并分为A、B两部分。A部分是基本的语言内容，B部分是知识的扩展和综合的语言运用。每个单元还有selfcheck部分，供学生自我检测本单元所学的语言知识。它采用“语言的输入---学生的消化吸收---学生的语言输出”为主线编排的。

四、教学目标

掌握本册书上的重点词汇、词组以及句型。通过本学期的学习，培养学生对英语的学习兴趣，形成有效的学习策略，有效提高学习效率，发展双基能力;培养听、说、读、写的能力，使学生初步获得运用英语的能力，达到语言运用能力的迁移和拓展;通过了解世界，了解不同地区的人文风俗，学会理解和尊重异国文化，并使学生在人际交往中学会尊重和理解别人，能在小组活动中积极与他人合作，相互帮助，共同完成学习任务，尽情享受学习的乐趣。

五、教学措施

1、加强词汇教学，包括单词拼写、词义记忆，语言功能的训练。

词汇是文章、句子的基本单位，词汇量的大小，将直接关系到学生能否流利地运用英语进行交际;能否熟练地用英语读和写;能否顺利地用英语思考。从上学期的期末考试所反映的问题看，在今后的教学中，在加强拼读与拼写的同时，应帮助学生进行有意识记，应加强对词的用法及内在含义的理解，要培养学生用英语解释单词的能力，逐步启发引导学生用英语思考。单词教学一定要做到词不离句，这样，学生在学会了单词的同时，也学会了词的一些基本用法。

2、每天背诵课文中的对话，培养语感。

3、基本的语法教学一定要与语境相结合。

进行语法操练时，要坚持“四位一体”，即话题、语境、结构、功能相结合。抓住话题，联系语境，确定语法结构，明确语法功能(交际功能)。要重视语法知识对于培养语言运用功能的基础作用，又要注重改革教法。课堂上一定要有生动活泼的教学活动。

4、进一步培养阅读能力和写作能力。

阅读和写作能力的培养是英语教学的又一重点。阅读和写作能力的培养在于平时。教师在平时讲解阅读理解题时，应着力帮助学生分析语言材料，而不是核对答案;平常应该多写作文。

5、做好学困生转化和优秀生培养工作。

优秀生：___，___，__，___。

学困生：___，___，__，___，___，___，___，___，___，___，___，___，___。

尤其对学困生进行专门辅导，布置一些作业，让他们在小进步、小转变中体会学习的快乐，树立学习的自信，尽快成长起来。

6、继续搞好师徒结对活动。

师徒结对活动也是一种好的学习方式。

7、作业布置要做到数量适中，批阅及时，对出现的问题要跟踪矫正，认真讲评，尽量面批面改。提高练习质量，要精选资料。

六、教研课题

《浅谈英语阅读能力的培养》

措施：用新的教学理念指导英语阅读教学，进一步改变教法和学法，培养学生对英语阅读的兴趣，提高学生的英语阅读能力，提高英语教学效果。

1、尝试通过各种形式的学习，例如复述课文、把课文改编成情景剧、阅读竞赛等活动，提高学生学习英语的兴趣，从而达到自主积累、综合运用英语的目的，并指导学生运用科学的方法记忆单词、阅读课文，取得事半功倍的效果。

2、通过信息技术与学科整合的手段，以课内为基础，增加课外阅读的量，指导学生借助信息手段和工具书理解文章基本内容的方法，提高学生的英语自学能力。

3、以复述课文、回答问题、判断正误、通过上下文线索猜词义为载体，培养学生的综合阅读技能，提高学生的英语阅读理解能力。

Childrens day is coming. I decided to do many things on that day.

First of all. That day we will get up early, came to the school, because we now is a junior high school student, so the school wont for us as the primary that give us after 61, although just top junior high school of time, but a little habits, half year after will probably already accustomed to junior middle school life. 61 will be here soon, and now we are facing tests sports add try. Also is in the June 1 day, I hope we can take an examination of teenager years is a good grades.

[儿童节初中英语作文

一、说明文的特点

说明文是一种对事物作客观说明的一种文体，目的在于给予读者知识。中学生对说明文的写作最感头痛，往往举步维艰。其实，说明文的写作并非像同学们所害怕的那样，只要理顺了头绪，把阅读说明文和写作说明文结合起来，以阅读课文为写作借鉴的范例，多观察、多分析、多练习，就能逐步学会选用恰当的说明方法，正确而有条理地说明事物的特征

第一，要写好一篇说明文，首先得分清说明文和记叙文的区别。说明文的写作是授人以知，让人明白，记叙文写作目的是以情感人、让人动情。说明文只是说明事物的特征，阐明原理，介绍知识，说明是手段。说明文与议论文的区别，主要在于说明文的目的主要是说明，议论文的目的则主要是说理；说明文要求把实体事物或抽象事理本身的情况说清楚，议论文则要求提出个人对议论对象的看法或主张

第二，要完成一篇说明文，须将说明文的特点烂熟于心。说明文的特点主要有说明性、知识性、科学性、实用性。只有很好地掌握了说明文的这些特点，才能将说明文写好

第三，须将说明文的类型分清楚，如果从内容上而言，说明文可分为事物说明文和事理说明文，如果从表达方式上分，可以分为平实说明文和科学小品文事物说明文：以具体事物为说明对象，将事物是怎样的作为说明重点，对事物的状态、性质、功能、构造、发展变化等特征，进行科学说明。事理说明文：以事物的发生，发展变化以及相互联系的成因等为说明对象的说明文，说清怎么样和为什么，使人不仅知其然，还要知其所以然平实性说明文：是指用平实、简洁、明白的语言对事物的外形，内部结构，功用及种属关系加以较客观的说明，用词造句一般不带感情色彩和主观倾向，很少使用描写，更少使用修辞手法

［例文］ 水

在地球上，水是分布最广的一种物质。可以说，地球上到处都是水的寓所。地球上到底有多少水呢？有人粗略地估计，认为整个地球的水量，包括空中、地上、地下的水，总共将近14亿立方公里。

水是无色透明的液体，可为什么大海是蓝的，而湖水是碧绿的呢？原来这是阳光给它们染上的。阳光中的红光、橙光和黄光这些较长的光波被不同深度的水吸收了，蓝光、紫光和一部分绿光的波长较短，一遇到水面便四面散开或反射回来。所以湖水蓝中透绿。海水更深，散射、反射的蓝、紫光更多，就泛碧蓝色了。

比较纯净的水加热到100℃就会沸腾，降低到0℃以下就要结冰。在高山上，只要加热到80℃以上水就会沸腾；海平面上，只要72℃左右水就沸腾；矿井里，水到100℃以上才沸腾。

在大自然中，水无时无刻不在动，不在变，但万变不离其宗，它基本存在三个地方：空气里、地下、地表；它的基本形态是三种：气态、液态和固态。

［评析］这篇给人第一印象是散，其主要毛病是没有按一定的中心组织材料、安排顺序，只是东抓一点，西抓一点，一个方面才说了几句，又急急忙忙去说另一方面。结果是哪一方面都没有说明白。

世界上万事万物，都有其自身的质的规定性，一个事物的特征是区别于其他事物的标志。我们要说明一个事物，必须抓住这事物的特征，才能把被说明的事物准确地清晰介绍给读者，让人们对这事物有确切明白的了解。但事物与事物间的情况又各不相同，有的事物的形态、性质、发展等比较单纯，我们说明这类事物时，不妨将面展得开一点；有的事物的形态、特点等复杂而多样，往往有很多方面的特征。我们在介绍这类事物时，不可能在一篇说明文中面面俱到，只能根据需要，一次谈一两个特征。写这类事物的说明文时，更应该注意把握一个明确的说明中心，并以此安排说明顺序。水这篇主要毛病就是没有抓住一个要说明的中心，并以此组织材料、安排顺序，从而给人的感觉就是散而乱，什么问题均没有说明白。比如水是一种液体，并且具有无色、无嗅、无味的特征，可以这样来说明：

［例文］ 水

水是什么样的物体呢？

水是液体。石块和木块有一定的形状，无论放在桌子上或者盒子里，它们都不会改变自己的形状，都是固体。水就不同，放在圆杯子里就成为圆形，放在方盒子里就成了方形，它没有一定的形状。

水是无色透明的。有人说水是白色的，这话错了。拿水同牛奶比较一下就会明白，牛奶才是白色的，水是什么颜色也没有的。如果把一根筷子插入牛奶里，我们就看不见它。再把一根筷子插入清水中，我们能够透过清水看见插入的筷子。

水是无嗅、无味的。怎样来区分无色透明的烧酒和水呢？光凭肉眼是毫无办法的。只要闻一闻，尝一尝就能正确无误地区分了。烧酒有酒的气味和味道，而水却什么气味，什么味道也没有。

因此，在正常的情况下，水是无色、无嗅、无味的液体。

［评析］这篇说明文抓住了水是无色、无嗅、无味的液体这一特征为的中心，围绕这个中心组织材料，选择了比较说明的方法，拿水同木块、石块比形状，拿水同牛奶比颜色，拿水同烧酒比气味、比味道。相互比较以后，水的特征得到了充分的显示。

在说明事物过程中，为了突出有些比较抽象、陌生，一时难以讲清的事物的特点，增强说明效果，常常要采用比较的说明方法。有比较才有鉴别，比较是人们在认识事物中常用的一种思维方法，把大家熟悉的事物或通俗易懂的道理去和抽象的、陌生的作比较，使大家对事物有所了解，让读者产生由此及彼、由表及里的理解过程，最终充分认识事物的特征。这是因为事物的特征往往可以在同另一事物的比较中显现出来。这里需要指出的是，比较的先决条件是要找出比较事物之间可以值得比较的共同点，然后方能通过比较的方法来同中求异，说明事物的各自特点。换言之，在进行比较时，必须有相同之点才能作比。就拿上文说吧！在就物体的形态来比时，把水和石块、木块相比；就物体的颜色来比时，把水和牛奶来相比。倘若反过来，把水和牛奶放在一起比形态，把水和烧酒放在一起比颜色，岂不引起一片混乱！另外，还要注意到；被比较的事物是说明的对象，用作比较的事物是应该大家相当熟悉和非常具体的。比如上面选用的牛奶、石块等都是熟悉的和具体的，所以大家容易理解、容易接受。如果用作比较的事物比要说明的对象还要难以理解，是陌生的、是抽象的，那么，根本就无法达到说明的目的。

作文练习题

一、（某物）的自述

二、青少年吸烟害处大

三、写一篇说明文，向低年级同学介绍你学得较好的某门课程的学习方法，或是你所擅长的某种技艺、运动，注意综合运用各种说明方法。字数在600字以上。

提示《（某物）的自述》，这是填空式半命题。题面中的自述，规定说明是以第一人称的身份作自我介绍，而作自我介绍的又是某物，这就是说，要求用拟人化的手法介绍某物，要写得人格化，富有情趣，生动活泼。

至于究竟是介绍哪一种物，这可以由作者自己确定，题目对此并无限制。作者确定某物，主要从自己对某物的熟悉，了解的程度决定，应量力而行，不要硬写自己不熟悉、不懂的内容。动手写作之前，还应该认真地收集、查阅有关资料，或向有关人员作些了解，力求对自己所要介绍的某物了如指掌，以免犯知识性、科学性的错误。

写《青少年吸烟害处大》这篇说明文，要抓住青少年这个年龄层次，阐释吸烟害处大的所以然。

一是要避免泛泛而谈，只是一般地说说吸烟害处大，而不是强调吸烟对青少年为什么尤其有害，这就离开了题目的中心；

二是要避免杂乱无序，只是东一点、西一点地说吸烟害处大，而不是按照事理本身的逻辑安排结构，这就不能言之有序；

三是要避免想当然，只是凭自己的道听途说、一知半解去说吸烟害处大，而不是言之成理、言而有据地作科学阐释，这就不能以知益人。

因此，要写好这篇说明文，一定要抓住青少年吸烟害处大这些关键进行具体、详细的说明；要按照由一般到特殊、由浅到深、由近到远的顺序安排结构；要综合运用举例说明、比较说明、数字说明等方法。还要准确运用专门术语。

写一篇说明文，向低年级同学介绍你学得较好的某门课程的学习方法，或是你所擅长的某种技艺、运动，注意综合运用各种说明方法。字数在600字以上这不是一个具体题目，只是对这次写作说明文的一些要求。

这篇说明文的读者对象──低年级同学。

这篇说明文的写作目的──把自己的经验介绍给低年级同学。

这篇说明文的说明重点──怎样学好某门课程。具体来说有：自己对这门课程特点的认识；学习这门课程的过程中行之有效的一些方法；值得注意的一些问题等等。

这篇说明文的说明方法──可综合运用一些说明方法。如下定义、举例、比较、图表、数据等说明方法。

这篇说明文的篇幅──600字以上。

因为是向低年级同学介绍，因此，语言要尽量准确、简明、平实。尽量用深入浅出的话来阐释，举例要结合教材。

因为是向低年级同学介绍，因此，说明顺序要明晰、头绪要简单，如可以采用先总说、后分说、然后再总说的结构、也可以按照自己对这门课程规律性认识的顺序来写。

When we are chatting with our friends happily, suddenly if we are talking about the awkward topic, we need to do something to change this situation, what are we gonna do?

The answer is using your humor to make things seem easy, and then your friends won’t take your awkward topic seriously. Humor is very important, it can adjust the atmosphere, making things work easily.

Life needs humor, without humor, life would be boring. Foreign people like to make friends with humorous people, they can feel relax when they are chatting, while most Chinese people are always taking things too seriously.

I like to make friends with humorous guys, they make me feel life is easy, and we should positive about life.

当我们和朋友聊得很开心的时候，突然如果我们聊到很尴尬的话题，需要做一些事情来改变情形，我们该怎么做呢？答案是使用你的幽默来让事情看起来轻松些，然后你的朋友就不会把你尴尬的话题当真。幽默很重要，它可以调整氛围，让事情更好地运行。生活需要幽默，没有幽默，生活就会很无聊。外国人喜欢和幽默的人交朋友，他们聊天的时候可以感到很轻松自在，然而大部分中国人总是把事情看得很正式。我喜欢和幽默的人交朋友，他们让我觉得自由，对生活要积极。

[初中英语作文：生活需要幽默

My Teacher

My favourite teacher is my English teacher Ms Cai.Her English name is Mae. She is a beautiful lady. She is very humorous. But sometimes she is very strict with us. But all classmates love and respect her very much. After class she often helps us learn patiently. I like my English teacher,because I think she is the best teacher in the world.

[初中教师节英语作文

Today the quality of our natural environment has become an important issue.

The world population is rising so quickly that the world has become too crowded.We are using up our natural resources and at the same time polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals.

If we continue to do this,life on earth cannot survive.Concerned people have made some progress in environmental protection.

Governments of many countries have established laws to protect the air,forests and sea resources and to stop environmental pollution.Still more measures should be taken to solve environmental problems.

People should be further educated to recognize the importance of the problems,to use modern methods of birth control,to conserve our natural resources and recycle our products.

We are sure that we can have a better and cleaner place in the future.

My friend is Mei. She’s a girl. She is my classmate.

Mei is tall and thin. She has two big eyes and long hair. She likes listening to music and reading books. Sometimes we listen to music together. She likes summer. Because she can swim in the summer holiday. She likes pink and white. She is in Class Four, Grade Six with me. She usually goes to school by motor cycle. Sometimes she goes to school on foot. We often go shopping together on the weekend.

We will be friends forever.

作者对祖母感情的深切、侍奉的殷勤和依附的紧密。勾勒出陈情不仕的一个很重要的画面。

西晋人李密所著，是他写给晋武帝的奏章。当时时局动荡皇帝希望李密能出来做官。因为李密是蜀国人在蜀国又以孝著名，当过官很有名气。所以皇帝希望他能出来做官来服民心。并且希望进一步扩充领土就更加希望天下人以为晋朝清明来进一步取得他国民心。李密孝顺同样也有着浓厚的忠君思想所谓“一朝君主一朝臣”但他为了保全性命就写了这篇表。文章叙述祖母抚育自己的大恩，以及自己应该报养祖母的大义；除了感谢朝廷的知遇之恩以外，又倾诉自己不能从命的苦衷，真情流露，委婉畅达。该文被认定为中国文学史上抒情文的代表作之一，有“读李密《陈情表》不流泪者不孝”的说法。

三国魏元帝（曹奂）景元四年（263年），司马昭灭蜀，李密沦为亡国之臣。司马昭之子司马炎废魏元帝，史称“晋武帝”。泰始三年（267年），朝廷采取怀柔政策，极力笼络蜀汉旧臣，征召李密为太子洗马。李密时年44岁，以晋朝“以孝治天下”为口实，以祖母供养无主为由，上《陈情表》以明志，要求暂缓赴任，上表恳辞。

李密早有孝名，据《晋书》本传记载，李密奉事祖母刘氏“以孝谨闻，刘氏有疾，则涕泣侧息，未尝解衣，饮膳汤药，必先尝后进。”武帝览表，赞叹说:“密不空有名也”。感动之际，因赐奴婢二人，并令郡县供应其祖母膳食，密遂得以终养。

在李密写完这篇表后一年左右的时间，刘氏就去世了。他在家守孝两年后，出仕官职很小，因为当时的政局已相当稳定，晋武帝不需要李密了，便不再重视他。李密做了两年官后辞去职务。

南宋文学家赵与时在其著作《宾退录》中曾引用安子顺的言论：“读诸葛孔明《出师表》而不堕泪者，其人必不忠，读李令伯《陈情表》而不堕泪者，其人必不孝，读韩退之《祭十二郎文》而不堕泪者，其人必不友。”青城山隐士安子顺世通云。此三文遂被并称为抒情佳篇而传诵于世。

总结：这个结论含蕴精警，表面看来它有对武帝的忠敬之心，又有对祖母的孝顺之情，使武帝意识到作者的真情实感一一出自肺腑，句句有理，处处合情。

i spent this summer vacation in quite a different way.

i used to run about every day in previous summer vacations,this summer vacation i simply could not afford to do so.

i would soon be in the last year of my high-school education would after graduation be up against the college entrance examinations.

though those examinations were still a year away, i had to start early to make myself well prepared by reviewing all those things i had learned at school this summer vacation was the ideal time for me to do this.

at first i was rather dismayed at the thought of this,8ttt8.comlater i thought it was better this way because by working hard this summer i could count on endless happy summers to come.

with this in mind i then set to work like anything and occasionally went out for a change or did some physical. i was not at all bored by this kind of life, for i was sustained by a hope.

[初中生暑假英语日记怎么写

The Spring Festival

The Spring Festival comes in winter。 It is the most important traditional festival in China。

People usually go home to spend the festival with their family。 They have a big family get-together。 The Chinese people have big meals and watch TV during the Spring Festival。 They also visit their friends and relatives。

Children like the Spring Festival very much because they needn’t go to school and they have a lot of time to play。

Oh! it was winter holiday. i was very happy. i read my favourite books. i have many wonderful books. but i could not read these books too much. i also had a lot of homework to do. i like playing computer games, too. it’s very interesting. but i could not play it too much. i wear glasses, i’m very sad. it’s not good for my eyes to play computer games too much.

Oh! it was the spring festival. it’s chinese traditional festival. people were very happy. they went shopping, cleaned their houses, had supper together……i went to my grandparents’ home with my parents. my grandparents were very happy to see us. they prepared many kinds of nice food, such as fish, meat, vegetables and fruit. in the evening, we watched tv and lighted fireworks. we also knocked on people’s doors and gave some presents to them. after the spring festival, we went to shanghai to go shopping. we bought clothes, shoes and some delicious food.

I had a good holiday, i think. i also have very nice school life now.

考研英语应用文写作范文之感谢信感谢信

结构要点感谢信是就某事向收信人表示感谢的信件，分为三个部分：

1． 指出对方帮助自己的事情，表示感谢；

2． 展开叙述这件事；

3． 再次感谢，并可表示希望回报对方。

Suppose your were recommended by Professor Sun to get further education in Yale University last June and now you have been admitted by that university. Write a letter to Professor Sun to express your gratitude in about 100 words. Do not sign your own name, using “Li Ming” instead.Dear Professor Sun,

I am writing to extend my gratitude to you—without your help I would not have been a postgraduate student of Applied Mechanics Department of Yale University.

Last June, you helped me with no reservation when I applied for Yale University. You wrote a recommendation letter for me to Professor W, the dean of the department. You gave me instructions on how to fill the application forms and write the application letters. Whats more, you also taught me how to take care of myself and get along with others, which I believe are lifes great lessons.

Your help enabled me to fulfill my dream to pursue my studies in a great university. In the following days I will remember what you have told me and work and study hard to be a capable, conscientious and responsible person.

Yours truly,

Li Ming

感谢信

语言注意点感谢信应充分表达自己的谢意，切不可给对方草率的印象。可借助谈对方的帮助来进一步表达感激之情。言辞应真挚、得体。

Suppose you were taken good care of by Aunt Sun when you pursued your studies in Los Angels where Sun lived. Write a letter in about 100 words to extend your appreciation. Do not

sign your own name, using “Li Ming” instead.Dear Aunt Sun,

It is a great pleasure to extend my sincere gratitude to you for your hospitality and consideration while I pursue my bachelors degree at University of California.

As soon as I arrived in Los Angeles, you found me an apartment near my university. When I met with difficulties you often sent your daughter to help me and when I felt homesick you often talked to me patiently. You told me how to improve my efficiency in both work and study and how to get on well with teachers and schoolmates. Furthermore, you invited me to dinner on nearly every weekend.

Without your help, I would not have graduated with honors and found a satisfactory job back here in China. I know I can never repay you for everything you have done for me in the past four years, but you can be sure that I

Best regards.

Yours faithfully,

Li Ming ll never forget it.

It was early in the morning. The sun was just creeping(爬) out of the eastern horizon(地平线)and golden red was penetrating (穿透) through the white clouds and across the sky. The lakes,the trees and the bamboos looked as if they were all gilded. The ground was covered withtender grass, on whose blades some dew drops were glistening(晶莹剔透) under the sunshine.

Birds flew around the woods singing cheerfully and restlessly. Some boys were quietly joggingalong the path, while a couple of girls were reading aloud under the trees lining the bank of thelake.

A gentle breeze came up, wrinkling(使…起皱) the surface of the lake. It was really a beautiful andlively morning.

说明文在高考中虽然考查次数不多，但在科技飞速发展的今天，它的应用越来越广泛，科普读物、知识小品、解说词、说明书等都有说明文的影子。它和我们日常学习、生活、工作有着非常密切的联系，而且作为考纲中提到的文体之一（《考试大纲》明确规定的能写论述类、实用类和文学类文章中的实用类文章），它还是占有一席之地的，考生切不可忽视。写说明文和写其他文体一样，必须明确写作意图，确立文章中心；充分占有材料，力求做到言之有物、言之有序。在实际写作中，考生常常会陷入以下一些写作误区。

误区一：知识性差错

说明文的特点是说，它是客观地说明事物的一种文体，目的在于给人以知识，或说明事物的状态、性质、功能，或阐明事理。这种知识或者来自有关科学研究资料，或者是亲身实践、调查、考察所得，都具有严密的科学性，不能有丝毫差错。如，有篇写牛的习作这样写道：牛有水牛、黄牛两种，牛是反刍动物，只吃青草，不必喂料。牛都有两只角，体强力大，是世界各国普遍使用的耕作工具。显然作者对牛了解不够，相关知识储备不足，因而在一知半解中造成了知识上的疏漏和错误。世界上牛的品种不只水牛、黄牛两种，杂交品种的牛并不长角；除了青草外，还必须给牛喂其他饲料；世界上也不是普遍使用牛作为耕作工具，牛还有专供食用、奶用或运输用，甚至作为神物崇拜的。

规避策略：抓住特征，把握中心。

说明文只有抓住事物的特征，才能把被说明的事物准确清晰地介绍给读者，使人们对事物有确切的了解。事物往往有多方面的特征，介绍时不可能面面俱到，因此写作时，必须把握说明文的中心，根据需要，重点介绍若干方面。如，《漫话圆周率》是一篇介绍数学基础知识的说明文，文章虽题为漫话，却是围绕求出圆周率的更精确的数值这个中心，向人们介绍了古今中外数学家对圆周率的数值所做的贡献。《青蛙》这篇说明文如果定位为为了更好地保护这一人类的朋友，落脚点便应是介绍青蛙这一两栖类动物为人类的粮食生产所作出的贡献，那么就不该出现介绍其营养价值高的说法了。

误区二：文体性错误

说明文可以采用各种方式进行说明，甚至可以采用一些文艺性笔调，如中学课本中有《南州六月荔枝丹》一文。但是考生应该牢记，说明的目的在于说清事理，教人以知识。弘扬精神、歌颂美德等社会性、审美性不是这种文体的功用。如，有篇题为《蚯蚓》的说明文，其中有这样的描述：别看这小动物不惹眼，它可天天在松土、干活，它不讲究吃穿，不讲究休息，不谈报酬，整天埋头苦干，为人们劳作耕地，让作物生长茂盛。我不禁想起我们的老师，他们也有蚯蚓一样的精神。我愿做一条辛勤劳动的蚯蚓。显而易见，该作者混淆了文体特征，写成了一篇借物咏志的抒情美文。

规避策略：针对情况，选好角度。

说明文也要求有的放矢，写什么，怎样写，要着眼于读者的实际情况，使文章具有针对性，切合读者的知识水平、职业特点和年龄大小。如，《香烟的危害》，可阐述的内容很多，有针对老年人而说的，也有对妇女而言的，还有对青少年而说的，角度不同，说明内容便各有侧重。如果是学校教育，那应该主要介绍吸烟的危害，突出分析青少年的生理特征，说明青少年接触毒性物质比成年人吸收快、排除慢、毒害大的情况，指出吸烟对青少年是绝对有害而无一利的。这样说明目的清楚，针对性强，收效也大。

如写热带风暴，本文应该是一篇事理性科学说明文，考生可根据中学地理书上所学到的知识，按照事理之间的逻辑关系，对什么是热带风暴、热带风暴形成的原因、产生的地域、热带风暴的危害和好处、热带风暴的跟踪预报、未来人类利用热带风暴造福的前景等作出说明。当然，为了突出重心，可以选择几个重要的，尤其是对人民群众的生活有重大影响的方面。写作时，应尽量避免使用冷僻的行话和术语，因为如此写来显得深奥晦涩，应力求语言通俗、简明、平实，以使读者易于接受。

误区三：不恰当论述

说明文针对不同的读者群和它所担负的社会责任，有不同的说明重点与中心。如，有篇题为《青蛙》的知识小品文，介绍青蛙时写道：青蛙是两栖、变温的动物，营养价值很高这样的定性是片面的甚至是错误的。青蛙能捕捉害虫，有益于庄稼的生长，介绍宣传的目的在于保护它，而写它营养价值高，会引起一些人的兴趣，使它成为满足一些人的口食之欲的食物。这样的介绍必然会产生不良的社会影响，使读者产生误解，反而不利于普及科学知识。

规避策略：解说清楚，条理分明。

说明文的目的是让人获得其种知识或某项技能，只有解说清楚，才能达到目的。说明说明，一说即明，如何解说清楚，要讲究说明的方法，要注意结构的安排。解说事物、阐释事理要按其本身的条理来安排说明的次序，使之层次清楚，主次分明，如此读者才会有所得，有所获。至于如何具体安排结构，不同类型的说明文有不同的要求，如《北京的立交桥》是一篇有关建筑的说明文，它以时间为经，介绍了北京立交桥的变迁，从一个侧面反映了改革开放的巨大成就；介绍中它又以空间为纬，具体介绍了几座立交桥的形状、结构、功能甚至审美等特征。这种时空结合的介绍方式全面具体、有效地传播了知识。

如写圆规：可以自上而下地写出它的部件结构及其作用，然后介绍圆规的使用方法及注意事项。

如写钢笔：则可以自外而内地介绍钢笔的构造及其功用，然后讲讲钢笔的使用与保养的注意点。当然，为了使介绍生动有趣，可以考虑采用自述的形式，可使用拟人手法，增强文章的趣味性与形象性，但要注意写作的中心、重心，因为即便运用艺术手法，它也是为说明其特征服务的。

误区四：准确性不够

说明文的语言要求准确无误，给读者以科学的认识，任何语言表达上的失之毫厘，其结果都会谬以千里。如，有篇题为《北京的立交桥》的科普小品文，文中说：1984年通车的三元立交桥，是二环快速路和一条主干道交叉的两座立交桥的组合，是国内最大规模的立交桥。这个说法存在较大的疑问。随着我国社会经济的快速发展，各大中城市的立交桥建设进入了快车道，而且规模越来越大，造价越来越高。比如南京的赛虹桥、双桥门，整个投资超过30个亿，相当于新建一座长江大桥，规模之大，气势之恢弘，不到现场无法领略。因此，这段文字应该在国内前加上当时二字，这样定位准确，说明到位，也从一个侧面反映了我国现代化建设的步伐。

规避策略：准确简明，通俗浅显。

选用准确的语言，精当地解说事物的事理，是说明文语言的基本要求。说明文是以介绍知识性内容为主的，只有如实地反映被说明内容的客观情况，才能保证知识的准确性、科学性。如果失去知识的科学性，也就失去了说明文的价值。此外，说明文往往有些内容是专门领域的，必然会涉及一些专门名词和专业术语，在说明时，考生要把它们运用得准确无误，以避免误导读者。如，航空与航天是两个不同的概念，有篇文章作了这样的解说：飞机在大气层内飞行，称为航空；卫星、飞船在大气层外飞行，称为航天。它们是采用不同的飞行器在不同的空间来完成飞行任务的。这种解说是十分准确的，使人对什么叫航空、什么叫航天有了科学的了解。

说明文往往是对科学知识的介绍，也往往是一般人所不熟悉的内容。要把专门化的科学知识解说清楚，让人易于了解，必须做到深入浅出，通俗易懂，生动活泼，富有趣味。如，《洲际导弹自述》是一篇介绍洲际导弹知识的科技小品文。文章用拟人手法把洲际导弹问世、分类、构造、特点及其威力和弱点都解说得十分清楚。文章中赋予其假定的人类行为，生动形象，使人易于理解。为了把说明文写得生动活泼，通俗易懂，也可运用各种修辞手法，增强文章的形象性和趣味性。

如果写人行天桥这类说明建筑物的文章，可以从人行天桥是怎样的建筑、它是如何发挥缓解交通拥堵的作用的等角度入手、采用虚实结合的手法。实写：以一个参观者的目光，全方位地介绍某一座人行天桥的位置、结构、造型、支撑、装饰、功用等，由远及近，由上到下，由内到外，移步换景，细致地描绘人行天桥的容貌风姿。虚写：用概括性的语言说明人行天桥对城市交通管理的重要性，及站在桥上的所见所闻所感所想。语言力求准确、简明，当然也可运用多种说明方法。

拨开云雾终见日，考生只要掌握说明文的写作要领，就一定能写出合格的甚至是优秀的说明文，还有利于考生做好现代文阅读中涉及到的说明文，可谓一举多得。

英语说明文的写作技巧说明文是阐述事物的特征、本质、性能、结构、用途或科学原理的一种文体。其说明的对象可以是具体的，如：自然环境，仪表设备等;也可以是抽象的，如概念定律等。

说明文的写作相对于论说文来说，有一定的套路可循，因此不是十分复杂。说明科技方面的内容常用定义法、比较对比法、分类法、因果法等;说明自然环境方面的内容常用时间次序法、分类法等。当然，随着对象的不同，具体应该采用的方法也会有所不同。

说明文的写作应该注意的事项有下面几点：

1.语言简明扼要，通俗易懂，避免夸张华丽的辞藻，要把真实的一面展现在读者面前。

2.说明时一定要把握一个中心主题。说明文中细枝末节较多，但不能喧宾夺主。

3.说明的次序非常重要。合理的次序会使文章条理清楚，脉络明晰。因此，练习时可以尝试不同的次序进行写作，找出最合理的一种。

4.由于说明文写实性较强，有时难免会让人感到没有生气。因此，可以适当使用一些比喻、拟人等修辞手段，来增加文章的色彩。

1. It was the first day of our summer holiday. All of us were very happy. Why? Because we have one months to do things we love to do. We are free.Although we have some homework. But we can finish them in several days. And the rest time we can make good use of. My god! We have been very tired after hard studying. In winter holidays, I want to have full sleepand eat good food in order to replenish myself. Last but not the least, I will have a good rest.

2. It was the second day of our summer holiday. I felt good. I felt I am free. I had a lot of time to do things I like. My parents are in Zhongshan. So I live alone but I don’t feel lonely. But I didn’t do something special. I stayed at home and watched TV. Oh! I wrote an Englishdaily composition. It was my homework. Today, I have slept for 14 hours.I thought I was very tired. It was time for dinner. I must go! I am very hungry.

3. I am planning to spend my summer holiday on sports this year. Playing basketball is always my favourite, so some of my classmates and I will form a small team and play basketball together. Sometimes we may have a match against some other teams and I do enjoy the sense when we win the game.

4. Today I found time was a cruel thing. Whatever man is, time always goes on. It won’t stay to wait for somebody. You can’t use anything to exchange time. Time is also a fair thing. Although you have a lot of money or you enjoy high reputation, time won’t leave them more. Today I found I hadn’t enough time. Although I have more than a-month holiday, but I found I had a lot of things to do. I had a lot of homework to do and I am essential to complete the homework as soon as I have time.

5. I have rested for 10 days. In these days, I felt very bored. I didn’t know to do what. Although I had a lot of things to do, I felt uncomfortable. I was ill because of the hot weather. I was tired, sleepy and had no strength. My parents are worried about my health. in fact, it didn’t matter. I was always in the room with air-conditioner and opened it in a low temperature. So when I went out, the high temperature disagreed to me.At last, I was ill.

6. It was sunny today. I was excited. I got up at a quarter to seven. I made a appointment to meet at nine o’clock. After I had my breakfast, I went to the Wanjia Market . It was hot outside. When I arri

[关于初中英语的日记100字

I get up at six oclock every morning and brush my teeth and wash my

face.

Then change my school uniform and eat my breakfast. I go to school on foot

at seven oclock. I do the morning exercise with all students at the playground

in the compus at nine-thirty every morning. I take a nap at twelve-thirty in the

afternoon. I go home at five oclock and eat the dinner with parents at

six-thirty in the evening.

I do my homework at seven in the evening and go to bed at ten oclock at

night.