初中英语说明文写作模板(实用20篇)

Spring festival is the most important festival in China.During Spring festival,people visit their relatives,sending their best wishes for a new year.Children are the happiest in spring festival.They will receive red envelopes that contain money as new year presents.They can also play crackers and fireworks.Whats more,they are given a lot of freedom,which they have dreammed of for a whole year.During Spring festival,there will be plenty of foods.Thats why many people put on "holiday weight" after Spring festival.When it comes to food,there are many festival specialties.The world famous Jiaozi and Chunjuan(spring roll) have even been accepted by foreigners as fast foods.Spring festival usually comes in Feburary,sometimes earlier.Its a festival full of hope and good wishes.Its a symbol of Chinese culture.

[关于春节的初中优秀英语作文

I have a good friend. Her name is Betty. She a lovely girl. She is 14 years old . I`m one year older than her. Her eyes are bigger than mine. Her hair is black and long. My hair is longer than hers. Betty is 156 centimeters tall. Im two centimeters taller than her. She is about 40 kilos. Im 50 kilos. So she is thinner than me. Betty is a beautiful and helpful girl. She does better in English than me. She often helps me with my English. She has a lot of hobbies. She likes dancing very much. She wants to be a dancer one day. She dances beautifully. I can learn a lot from her. I think well be good friends forever.

Everyone has a dream，Everyone‘s dreams are great, happy and distant，My dream is that my family and friends can be happy .Although this is not realistic.We nevitably experience suffering and failure in the real life.But because of this,We become strong and courageous.although some dream is unrealistic,we have dream,we live significative!whether or not the dream come ture,we should hard work,Let this life without any regrets.

谁都有梦想。每一个人的梦想都是伟大的,幸福的,遥远的.我的梦想是身边的每一个人都能够开心幸福的生活。尽管这不太现实。毕竟在现实的生活里难免会经历坎坷与心酸，但正因为这样，我们才变得更加坚强和勇敢。虽然有些梦想是不切实际的，但因为心中有梦想，我们才生活得更有意义！不管梦想能不能够实现，我们都要努力奋斗，让今生无悔！

[写我的梦想初中英语作文

Dear teacher and classmates:

I am very glad to make a speech here in this class again! This time, Id like to talk something about English.

I love English. English language is now used everywhere in the world. It has become the most common language on Internet and for international trade. Learning English makes me confident and brings me great pleasure.

When I was seven, my mother sent me to an English school. At there, I played games and sang English songs with other children . Then I discovered the beauty of the language, and began my colorful dream in the English world.

Everyday, I read English following the tapes. Sometimes, I watch English cartoons.

On the weekend, I often go to the English corner. By talking with different people there, I have made more and more friends as well as improved my oral English.

I hope I can travel around the world someday. I want to go to America to visit Washington Monument, because the president Washington is my idol. Of course, I want to go to London too, because England is where English language developed. If I can ride my bike in Cambridge university, I will be very happy.

I hope I can speak English with everyone in the world. Ill introduce China to them, such as the Great Wall, the Forbidden City and Anshan.

I know, Rome was not built in a day. I believe that after continuous hard study, one day I can speak English very well.

If you want to be loved, you should learn to love and be lovable. So I believe as I love English everyday , it will love me too.

[初中英语作文：我爱学习英语

中学生怎样写好说明文在国家教育部制定的《语文课程标准》中，写说明文是对中学生的要求。 说明文是用说明的表达方式来解说事物、阐明事理、给人以知识的文章。简单地说，说明文就是把你要写的对象介绍给读者，其标准就是介绍的是否清楚、明白、易懂。 在我们的日常生活中，说明与人的关系十分密切，你经常要向人们介绍事物或者某种道理。所以，说明并不是神秘的事情，在日常生活中人人都会。 对于写说明文来说，其题材领域十分宽广，大到宇宙小到一根铅笔都可以说明，都能写成说明文。比如，做饭、做菜、穿衣睡觉、治病防病、吃饭喝水，这些日常行为都可以写成说明文，再比如，春夏秋冬、风雨雷电、水、空气这些自然现象也可以写成说明文，钢笔、课桌、书籍、本子这些学习用品还可写说明文，城市、村庄、学校等等地点场所也可以写成说明文。与此同时，怎样写作文、怎样听课、怎样考虑这些做事情的道理也可以写成说明文，称为事理说明文。应该说，我正在写的这篇《说明文的特点及写作要求》就是一篇事理说明文。 说明文的特点在于说明、介绍。与记叙文不同，记叙文是记人叙事，所以说明文不以人物活动和故事情节为主，它是对事物的静态介绍。与议论文也不同，议论文是海阔天空地摆事实讲道理，有论点、论据、论证，而说明文中的事理说明文就是就此事的道理做静态介绍。 知识性、通俗性和条理性是说明文的三大特点。 知识性是说明文的本质特征。对一个事物缺乏知识，我们可以写成记叙文，但绝对写不成说明文。说明文正是要介绍该事物的知识，没有知识怎样说明呢。 通俗性也很重要，事物本身的结构、形态、历史及其科学知识是很复杂的。我们写说明文的目的就是要把这些复杂变简单，把深奥变通俗，所以写出来的文章，要使有点文化的人都能看懂，不要把明白人给绕糊涂了。 条理性是指说明文的行文结构。既包括整篇文章的结构，也包括一个段落的结构，还包括两句话之间的结构，都要有条理。要按部就班地去说明，有条有理地、清清楚楚地说出来。在结构上，说明文没有记叙文和议论文那么自由。 所以，在说明文的写作中，要普遍注意以下方面：一是要有该事物的知识，二是要抓住事物的特点进行说明，三是要科学地安排说明顺序，四是采用恰当的说明方法。

写作技巧就是表现时运用的方法，是作者为表情达意而采取有效艺术手段。语文说明文的写作技巧，我们一起来了解一下。

一、 说明文的定义

说明文是以说明为主要表达方式来解说事物、阐明事理而给人知识的文章体裁。它通过揭示概念来说明事物特征、本质及其规律性。说明文一般介绍事物的形状、构造、类别、关系、功能，解释事物的原理、含义、特点、演变等。说明文实用性很强，它包括广告、说明书、提要、提示、规则、章程、解说词、科学小品等。

二、 说明文的特点

说明文的特点是说，而且具有一定的知识性。这种知识，或者来自有关科学研究资料，或者是亲身实践、调查、考察的所得，都具有严格的科学性。为了要把事物说明白，就必须把握事物的特征，进而揭示出事物的本质属性，即不仅要说明是什么，还要说明为什么是这样。应用性说明文一般只要求说明事物的特征，阐述性说明文则必须揭示出问题的本源和实质。 说明文是客观地说明事物的一种文体，目的在于给人以知识：或说明事物的状态、性质、功能，或阐明事理。《中国石拱桥》属于前者，它以赵州桥和卢沟桥为例说明中国石拱桥不但形式优美，而且结构坚固的特征。《大自然的语言》属于后者，文章科学地说明了物候学知识。说明事物特点和阐明事理是说明文的两种类型。

三、 说明文的常用说明方法及作用

1、说明的方法有：下定义,作诠释,举例子,列数字,打比方,作比较,分类别,引资料,摹状貌,做图表 2、明白各种方法的作用。

举例子：这里使用了举例子的说明方法，具体说明了 这种说明方法的作用是使说明的对象具体形象，便于读者理解。

作比较：这里拿和作比较，突出(具体)说明了 作比较用于突出强调被说明对象的特点(地位、影响等)。

列数字：这里使用了列数字的说明方法，准确说明了 (列举了的数字，准确说明了)其作用是使说明准确无误，令读者信服。

分类别：分类别的作用是使说明条理清楚。

打比方：它的主要作用是使说明对象生动形象，增强文章的趣味性。

作诠解：用于解释被说明内容的成因及内在联系。

下定义：其作用是科学准确地解释说明对象的内涵，使说明更严密。

画图表：可使说明内容直观形象。

摹状貌：使说明生动形象，使文章更具可读性。

3、有时说明文借用其他修辞手法来帮助说明，这些手法的作用分析应当紧紧围绕说明对象，依照说明文的要求。

四、 如何写好说明文

如何使说明文物理并重、形神兼备的呢?首要的一点是观察。说明文写作的前提是对要说明的事物非常熟悉。要做到这一点，就要养成认真观察、深入了解的习惯：

观察要有针对性。要带着问题观察，而不是走马观花、浮光掠影。最好能在观察前列出观察提纲，观察时要记笔记、画图标。要善于提出问题。

观察时要分清主次。这就要求我们注意观察的顺序。观察有概括性观察和特写性观察之分。前一种方法有助于抓住事物的概貌，后者则利于把握观察对象的细节和特征。由概括到特写、由全局到局部，是观察的一般原理。

观察重在事物的形。要想传神，写出事物的内涵、原理等，则需要有很好的查阅资料、作调查的能力。比如我们要写一篇文章来说明洛阳牡丹。在写好它的形状、颜色、品种之外，如果能够考察一下洛阳牡丹的来历、其中的牡丹名品在培育中的科学原理，这篇文章就会有说服力，使读者更深刻地认识到洛阳牡丹的文化特色。这就要求我们具备相当的知识积累、广阔的知识面和优秀的调查能力。作为小学生，应当从小注重积累知识和调查能力的训练。比如通过剪报、记笔记、上图书馆和阅览室等途径来有意识地训练自己。

写作说明文还要注意说明的顺序。有合理的顺序，文章才能条理清晰，让人看得明白。说明顺序一般有三种，即空间顺序、时间顺序、逻辑顺序。间顺序一般有从上到下、从左到右、从前到后、从远到近等。时间顺序一般有从古到今、从过去到现在等。逻辑顺序有从现象到本质、从原因到结果、从主要到次要、从整体到部分、从概括到具体等。什么是合理的顺序呢?这要根据人们认识事物的过程以及说明对象本身的特征、规律而定。说明事物的形状、构造等，往往以空间为顺序;说明事物的成因、方法，往往以时间为顺序;说明事物的事理，往往以逻辑关系为顺序。

当然，大多数说明文会综合使用多种说明顺序。因此，在写作时，我们要合理地安排好说明顺序，理清说明文的结构层次。常用的结构层次有并列式、层进式和总分式三种。比如我们以水为题目进行写作，可以先写水的外形特征，再写水的分类，然后写水的用途，这是并列式的写作层次。我们也可以先写水的外形，再写水的成因，最后写水给人类带来的利与害，这是层进式的结构层次。先概括水的用途和特征，再一一细述，就是总分式。结构层次能力需发同学们在长期的写作过程中培养。

下面是由小编收集的关于初中英语写作的基础，欢迎阅读。

一、找到学生写作中存在的问题

1.汉语思维的影响。学生在写作中经常用汉语思维，忽略了英汉语序之间是有差别的，导致出现了大量的式英语，尽管洋洋洒洒一大篇，却没有得分点。

2.词或词组的用法及搭配出现错误。如enjoy，finish等单词后面只能接v-ing形式;“forget to do”和“forget doing”在意思上存在着显著的差异等。学生在做选择题或用所给词的适当形式填空时，大多数学生能做对，但在作文中，学生往往忽略了其用法，出现了不必要的错误。

3.时态、语态的构成及使用错误。例如，一般过去时的否定句中，助动词didn’t后的动词用原形，而完成时的句子中往往用动词的过去分词，在这方面，学生的拼写容易出现错误。

4.单词的拼写错误，标点使用不当，不注意大小写，遗漏冠词，介词的误用等。

5.结构松散。关联词的使用可使上下句和段落合理衔接，承上启下，使表达合乎逻辑，同时使文章结构严谨、紧凑，部分考生的作文虽然内容和语言还不错，但是由于过于执着于表格所给内容的顺序，没有进行灵活的处理，整篇文章看起来就象是句子翻译，并且句与句之间关系松懈，缺乏连接，以至于文章毫无流畅、优美之感。

二、如何培养学生英语写作能力

1.从单词入手。单词是英语学习的基础，单词过不了关，写作就无从谈起，因为单词是写作的基本单位。但是单词记忆又是学生学习英语的最薄弱环节，因此我们必须时刻告诫学生，单词的学习过程，实际上就是人与遗忘作斗争的过程，要长期坚持下去。 志和必胜的信心。

2.由“句式”到“段落”的训练阶段。从七年级开始就对学生进行书写小段落的训练，做到口笔同步。随着教学的不断深入，写作内容也不断丰富，八年级就要注意段落中的时态差异、句型变化以及过渡句的使用等。到了九年级就要注意文章的体裁、格式、写作方法、复句的正确性以及中外文化的差异性。

3.课前几分钟进行Free Talk。学生可以准备谜语、笑话、小故事、即兴演讲等。之后向听的学生进行提问，其他学生只有认真听才能回答出问题。Free Talk为学生提供了很好的实践机会。

4.在课堂上，我们要注重听说的训练，给学生提供大量的口语练习材料，从句子到对话，从对话到文章，以培养学生的语感。同时，加强写的训练，利用所学的句型大量翻译句子，使学生能够真正做到举一反三。此外，还要让学生在练习时注意区分英汉语序的不同。

5.要求学生多写多练。教师按照每个单元呈现的重点内容为学生规定文题或写作范围，指导学生写一些代表性的文章，并结合学生比较优秀的作文进行讲评，取其精华，去其糟粕，完成一篇优秀的范文。使学生在讲评的过程中领略这些文章的优缺点，教会学生如何自己修改作文，并将范文抄写在固定的作文本上，不断积累，并随知识的不断扩展对已写的文章根据需要不断进行修改或扩充，使其更加完美。

6.加强背诵。看了好文章，不单是理解就够了，还应该在理解的基础上多多背诵，才能达到融会贯通、据为已有的效果。英语宜多诵多背，把一些句型、短语，一些文章的片段或全篇，背得滚瓜烂熟，让这些材料在你的脑袋里扎根，当你要用的时候，它们便会而然地冒出来。背诵可以培养正确使用语言的习惯，增强语感，这样就可以避免生搬硬套地写一些式的。加强背诵能变难为易，变费力为省力，能有效地帮助学生提高写作能力。现在背诵和熟记一些语言材料，对中学生来说将会受用无穷。

7.通过缩写和改写课文，培养学生的概括能力。缩写课文会激励学生去认真钻研课文内容，有助于加深学生对课文的理解，提高学生归纳和进行简要表达的能力。缩写课文一般应该用自己的话来写，不能只停留在拼凑原文的词句上。这样既可以使学生熟练掌握英语表达方法，也是对知识进行再创造的一个过程。

1、思想重视的不够

随着各种教学法涌入我国，对我国英语教学影响最大的当数“听说法”和&ldquo,日记;视听法”。这些教学法提倡将英语作为一门工具来对待，侧重学生语言技能的训练。然而，我们在着意于口头技能培养的同时却忽略了书面阅读和写作，在强调语言结构形式的反复操练的同时却忽略了学生语言能力的培养，从而导致教师和学生轻视英语写作现象的产生。

2、写作素材的缺乏

教师对小学英语写作究竟要写些什么缺乏明确的认识。大部分写作练习表现为简单机械的抄写，学生容易完成，老师易于批改，但写作内容与学生生活缺乏练习。

3、母语文法的束缚

小学生刚刚接触英语，在表达的过程中难免受到母语的构词法、语法和思维方式的影响，用汉语的方式组词或组句，以至于出现大量的文法错误，让人啼笑皆非。

The protection of the border is not a new problem for us, and our

government has long proposed clear targets for governance. As every ordinary

person in real life, although it is impossible to work directly in environmental

protection, we can start from small things and start from me. Can you raise your

hand when you see the tap in the bathroom? When the battery runs out, can you

classify it instead of throwing it away? How about when shopping doesnt use

ultra-thin plastic bags? ...... Small things are small, but they reflect how

much environmental awareness we have.

Recycling one ton of waste paper can regenerate 800 kg of paper, can save

17 tree. 20 waste recycling boxes can create a beautiful pen container.

Recycling one glass bottle to save the energy, can make the bulb light for four

hours. Recycling one aluminum can is to save the half oil cans. So we should

place the garbage classification, reproduction by the relevant department after

recycling reuse!

As long as we start from oneself, starts from the minor matter, everybody

joint efforts, perseverance, we will be for the society, also a piece of clear

water, blue sky for yourself, I hope everybody can voluntarily protect the

environment, to make our environment more beautiful life.

I live in a city, since I was small, I witnessed all the things happened in this city. Now, in my eyes, after so many years, the city has changed so much. First, the transportation has become fluent.

Many years ago, there were less bus stations, people always needed to changed their lines by many cars.

But now, almost all the places can be reached by bus, people don’t need to change the line. Second, the buildings are enlarging, this reflects the city’s economy develops fast.

Indeed, I can go to many newly built public places to have fun, some are for children, some are for the old, all of these are good for people’s communication. The city’s change reflects people keep pace with time.

我住在一个城市，当我很小的时候，我目睹了发生在这个城市的一切事情。现在，在我眼里，交通变得便利。很多年以前，公共汽车站点很好，人们总是需要通过换车来改变路线。现在，几乎所有的地方都可以通过公交车到达，人们不用改变路线。第二，建筑正在扩大，这反映了一个城市经济的快速发展。确实，我可以去很多新建的公共场所玩，一些是给孩子的，一些是给老人家的，所有的这些对于人们的交流是有用的。城市的改变反映了人们与时俱进。

[初中英语作文：城市的变化

Clearly if we are to participate in the society in which we live we must

communicate with other people.

A great deal of communicating is performed on a person-to-person basis by

the simple means of speech.

If we travel in buses, buy things in shops, or eat in restaurants, we are

likely to have conversations where we give information or opinions, receive news

or comment, and very likely have our views challenged by other members of

society.

Face-to-face contact is by no means the only form of communication and

during the last two hundred years the art of mass communication has become one

of the dominating factors of contemporary society.

Firstly, inventiveness has led to advances in printing, telecommunications,

photography, radio and television.

Secondly, speed has revolutionized the transmission and reception of

communications so that local news often takes a back seat to national news,

which itself is often almost eclipsed by international news.

No longer is the possession of information confined to a privileged

minority.

In the last century the wealthy man with his own library was indeed

fortunate, but today there are public libraries.

Forty years ago people used to flock to the cinema, but now far more people

sit at home and turn on the TV to watch a program that is being channeled into

millions of homes.

Communication is no longer merely concerned with the transmission of

information.

The modern communication industry influences the way people live in society

and broadens their horizons by allowing access to information, education and

entertainment.

The printing, broadcasting and advertising industries are all involved with

informing, educating and entertaining.

Although a great deal of the material communicated by the mass media is

very valuable to the individual and to the society of which he is a part, the

vast modern network of communications is open to abuse.

However, the mass media are with us for better, for worse, and there is no

turning back.

My mother tall body, not fat is not thin, his forehead with a few silk shallow wrinkles, his face often hanging smile.

Mother was kind, she taught me from an early age to be honest, treat people to be generous, from childhood to cultivate my good character.

I remember something I always forget. It was a hot afternoon, the sun was like a big fireball baked the earth. I do in the room, kept fan fan, but sweat or kept rolling down. I said to my mother: "Mom! The weather is too hot, hot to death! I want to eat popsicles." Mom said: "Go, I take you to buy some popsicles." Then they picked up the wallet.

To the place to buy popsicles, I picked the popsicles, my mother from the wallet took out a 50 yuan of the whole vote handed to buy popsicles uncle, uncle looking for money, my mother and then rushed home.

Home, my mother to find a few numbers back, said to himself: "Huh ye not right, a total of 7 dollars, how to get back 45 yuan?" I heard, happy to say: "great My mother stared at me, angrily said: "more looking for 2 yuan, we should be sent back, can not covet the money, Those small cheap! Besides, people selling popsicles is not easy! "Then, my mother braved the burning sun, the 3 yuan to the people sent to the.

Sleep at night, I can not sleep in bed, think of things during the day, suddenly understand that a person from the bit by bit to start things, not because of the little bit in front of cheap, to make some sorry things. This thing has a great education for me, I love my mother, I admire her heart.

[初中写我的妈妈英语作文

考研英语写作：应用文写作之感谢信

大纲对应用文写作的评价目标是：考生应能根据所设情景，写出不同类型的应用文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告等。写作时。考生应能：

1） 做到语法、拼写、标点正确、用词恰当；

2）遵循文章的特定问题格式；

3）合理组织文章结构，使其内容统一、连贯；

4）根据写作目的和特定读者，选用恰当语域。

应用文写作不需要华丽的辞藻和多变的句式，只需要能够用简洁概括的语言将事情叙述清楚就能够取得不错的成绩。应用文写作作为考研英语中性价比比较高的题目，考生必须重视对其复习。应用文写作可以充分借鉴模板，以达到更好的复习效果。下面，就为考生介绍一下感谢信的基本写作方法。

感谢信的目的是感激对方为自己的付出，感激之情要传达得真挚自然，不要刻意夸大。感谢信所涉及的内容多种多样，比如可以感谢对方替自己做了一件事情，在自己痛苦时安慰了自己，出席了自己的宴会等等。其内容包括：1)表达感激之情2)回顾事情的经过 3)肯定对方帮助的价值以及对自己的影响，表达自己回报的愿望。

常用套语有：

1表达感激之情：

Thanks so much for…;Abundant thanks to … for…

Im writing to express my heartfelt thanks for …

On behalf of my whole family, I wish to extend our heartfelt thanks for all the trouble you had taken in …I must write to thank you for inviting me to…

2肯定对方帮助的价值及影响：

You will never know how much we appreciated your kind and practical help. Your …meant more than I can express in words. Nothing can be more precious for me than your…

3表达回报的愿望：

I hope I can return the favor someday … Do call on me if I can ever return the favor. 感谢信中比较特殊是求职者面试后给面试官写的信。

此类感谢信的内容不只是感谢，而是一般感谢信和求职信的结合。其主要内容包括：(1)感谢对方给你面谈的机会，并注明你面试的时间和所求的职位;(2) 说明你对该公司、该职位的兴趣，强调你的知识与技能符合公司的需要，表示自己能为公司的发展做出贡献。也可以补充说明或澄清在面谈中忽略或没有讲明的问题 (3)重申你对该职位的兴趣，主动提供更多的材料，表示期待他们的消息。

Directions: You have just attended an interview in Apfel Incorporated for the position of marketing analyst. Write a letter of appreciation to the interviewer Mr. David Wayne. Your letter should include the following points:

1) express your appreciation for the interview

2) tell about your job-related skills and experience

实例：

Dear Mr. Wayne，

Thank you very much for taking the time from your busy schedule last Friday to interview me for the marketing analyst position at Apfel Incorporated. After our meeting, I am convinced that your company is an excellent place for my career.

I am extremely excited about the position and believe that my skills are a good match for the company. As you may remember, I completed a project that is similar in nature to the work I

would be doing at your company. I believe that I could make an immediate contribution to Apfel Incorporated.

Please let me know if I can provide you with any additional information about my background or goals. My email address is LiMing@yahoo.com, and my phone number is 12345678. I look forward to hearing from you soon.

Sincerely,

Li Ming

How is it, you do not believe it? Look, she has left her footprints everywhere.

The air is so fresh, the weather is so blurred. The sun is warmer. Her million gold happy kiss all things, so gentle, so comfortable.

Its time to fall!

Section just after the autumnal equinox, they feel a bit cool. Gradually yellow leaves can not withstand the wind and rain to destroy the destruction of a piece of leaf leaves falling in the high and low roof, falling on the road in large and small, falling in criss-crossing the river.

Autumn rain is light blue, crystal clear. 10 million silver, rippling in the air, fans of the veil, draped over the dark faint fields. The rain fell in the water, like a thrown into the crystal jade plate, splashed grain pearls; rain fell on the tree, like to branches with soft hair; rain fell to the ground rolled up a burst of smoke, the land seems Blooming out of a laughing dimple.

The autumn of autumn, grooming the mountains, nourishing the earth. The puddle of water on the ground is full of water. They slowly flow to the big ditch, brought together this years affection and hope of the coming year. This autumn is as if it is sweet wine, dedicated to the breeding of all things of the land, dedicated to the harvest full of joy ... ...

Autumn is not annoying. Behind the misty rain curtain is a sweet smile. It is to celebrate the birthday of the motherland smile; that is the fruit of the mountains and plains of the red face. "Autumn autumn rain sad people" era, in the golden autumn of the motherland, has long gone.

I look up at the blue sky, think the sky is more sunny, the sun is more brilliant, a blossoming light like white clouds, like to the blue sky embroidered with white flowers. This view makes the breathtaking.

Autumn rain is not only wonderful, but also full of new hope.

Ah! Autumn rain - intoxicating autumn rain.

1、说明文是客观的说明事物的一种文体，目的在于给人以知识：或说明事物的状态、性质、功能，叫做事物说明文；或阐明事理，叫做事理说明文。

2、说明要有顺序，这是使说明内容条理化的必要条件。常见的说明顺序有：时间顺序、空间顺序、顺序。

说明的时间顺序和记叙的时间顺序相似。

空间顺序要特别注意弄清空间的位置，注意事物的表里、大小、上下、前后、左右、东西南北等的位置和方向。

逻辑顺序常以推理过程来表现，一般包括从原因到结果、从主要到次要、从整体到局部、从总说到分说再到总说、从现象到本质、从特点到用途等几种类型。

3、说明文的语言的准确性是说明文语言的先决条件。表示时间、空间、数量、范围、程度、特征、性质、程序等，都要求准确无误。在准确的前提下，说明文的语言有的以平实见长，有的以生动活泼见长。

4、说明方法

为了把事物特征说清楚，或者把事理阐述明白，必须有相应的说明方法。常见的说明方法有举例子、分类别、列数据、作比较、画图表、下定义、作诠释、打比方、摹状貌等。写说明文要根据说明对象和写作目的，选用最佳方法.

My hometown used to be a backwardplace, because it was deep in the mountains, where there were no nice buildingsand the roads were so narrow and dirty. People lived a poor life.

我的家乡过去是一个落后的地方，因为它在深山里面，那里没有漂亮的建筑物，公路也是又小又脏的。人们的生活都很贫苦。

While in recent years, with thedevelopment of society, my hometown has been greatly changed. Now the roads aregetting much wider. There are many different cars and buses running on theroads. Trees and flowers are planted on the two sides of the roads. They canprovide us with oxygen and fight against the pollutants. So the sky becomescleaner and brighter. Whats more, you can see many modern and beautifulbuildings everywhere, and the living conditions are improving. People areenjoying a comfortable life now.

近年来，随着社会的发展，我的家乡发生了很大的变化。现在的路是越来越大了。有许多不同的汽车和公交车在道路上运行。道路两边种满了树木和鲜花。他们可以为我们提供氧气，与污染物抗争。现在天空变得更清洁、更明亮。更重要的是，你随处可见到许多现代和美丽的建筑，人们的生活条件也得到了改善。现在人们在享受舒适的生活。

I did very bad in the mid-term exams two weeks ago. After that, my life

seemed to be so dark and hard. My parents felt disappointed to me, and they

always told me to study during my free time. I couldnt watch TV for more than

half an hour and I couldnt search the Internet or play games. Besides, I feel

depressed and I almost lost my heart. But yesterday, my friend came to see me.

She knew I was not happy. She encouaged me that nothing is impossible. If I

could try hard from now on, I would do good in my study. Where there is a will,

there is a way. Only confidence and hardwork can pull me out from failure. If I

want to be good as before, I have to let this failure go and restart again.

Whether persons would spend their entire lives in one place or not concerns (is a matter of)their life style. Due to differently personal character and experiences, some people like to stay in one place thorough (throughout)their lives, but others in contrast, prefer to move a number of times among different cities. In my view, I would be very happy if I have opportunities to live in different places. The arguments for this propensity are listed as follows.

One of the most crucial reasons for my view is that we could (can)have more opportunities to realize our dreams in the process of moving between places. As a young man(young men), we are all eager for success. However the road to (approach toward)success is so hard that we have to make great efforts. We must possess many aspects, including(去掉) outstanding intelligence, excellent education, rich experience and certainly good luck, most of which are acquired only by insistently pursuing, besides (and)studiously striving in different cities(if necessary). I can take one of my friends for instance. In order (to)receive the best education, after graduating from the senior school, he left his hometown to a remote city, BEIJING. But four years later, to looking for a better job, he left BEIJING and come to SHENZHEN, a beautiful city in his dream. Now his new goal is to enter American B-School to acquire (of)more advanced knowledge in financing. We can see, in just about ten years, he has moves three times, and what is more(more importantly), this moving sill continue. Actually, in contemporary society more and more people are as this(act like him ).

Another essential fact why (reason why)I hold my view is that we can enjoy a more rich and colorful (richer and more colorful)life, as we change places we live in. For my part, enjoying life is as important as, if not more important than, devoting work(hard working). It is a pleasing thing in the holiday to visit beautiful sceneries in different places. My friends mentioned in the last paragraph(before), has visited the snow scene in the north, and the widely (wide)sea in the south.

Admittedly, we cannot neglect the virtues (of)spending the entire life in one place. People can attained (attain)the feeling of family to their community, and the relationships between people are closer. Nevertheless moving between cities perhaps is more attractive to young persons than staying in one place thorough their lives.

From all the reasons mentioned above, it is not difficult to get the conclusion that if it is possible, I would move a number of times throughout my lives to look for the best job, house or climate I am eager for.

（四）语言准确简明，文字通俗浅显

选用准确的语言，精当地解说事物的事理，是说明文语言的基本要求。说明文是以介绍知识性内容为主的，只有如实反映被说明内容的客观情况，才能保证知识的科学性。相反，语言不准确就会失去知识的科学性。

明代学者徐光启笔译古数学家欧几里得的《几何原理》，其中的一节：

“凡论度必始于一体。自点引之而为线，自线广之而为面，自面积之而为体，各自三大纲。是心有长而无阔者谓之线，有长与阔而无厚者谓之面，长与阔厚俱全者谓之体。唯点无长阔厚薄，其间不能容，不可以数度，然线之两端即点，而线面体皆由此生。点虽不入于数，实为从数之本。”

这节解说数学基本概念的说明文，把什么是点、线、面、体，点与数度的联系和区别作了确切的阐释，语言也很精当。

此外，在说明文中往往有些内容是带有专门化的科学知识，涉及一些专门名词和专业术语，在说明中特别要求把它们运用得准确无误，使读者便于领会。如：“航空”与“航天”是两个不同的概念，有篇文章作了这样的解说：“飞机在大气层内飞行，称为航空;卫星、飞船在大气层外飞行，称为航天。它们是采用不同的飞行器在不同的空间来完成飞行任务的”。这种解说是十分准确的，使人对什么叫“航空”、什么叫“航天”得到了科学的了解。

说明文的语言必须简要精当。看下面的这段文字：

“蝉的幼虫脱皮是从背上开始的。先出来的一层旧皮从背上裂开，露出淡绿色的蝉来。先出来的是头，接着是吸管和前腿，最后是后腿和折叠着翅膀，只留下尾边尖儿还在那层旧皮里。这时候，它腾起身子，往后翻下来，头部倒挂着，原来折叠着的翅膀打开了，竭力伸直。接着，用一种几乎看不清的动作尽力把身体翻上去，用前脚的爪子钩住那层旧皮。这个动作使它的尾巴尖儿从那层旧皮里完全脱出不了。那层旧皮就只剩下空壳，成了蝉蜕，。从开始到完全脱出来，大约要半个钟头。

这段文字不到二百个字，具体说明了蝉的幼虫脱皮的整个过程。用简明的语言把幼虫脱皮的复杂动作细致而真切地写出来了。文字不枝不蔓，语言富有表现力，给人很清晰的印象。

说明文要介绍一些科学知识和一些内容，往往是一般人所不熟悉的内容人，要把专门化的科学知识解说清楚，让人易于了解，必须做到深入浅出，通俗易懂，生动活泼，富有趣味。如，《洲际导弹自述》是一篇介绍洲际导弹知识的科技小品。文章用拟人化手法把洲际导弹问世、分类、构造、特点及其威力和弱点都解说得十分清楚，文章把它赋予假定的人类行为，读起来生动风趣，易于理解。为了把说明文写得生动活泼、通俗易懂，人们常常运用各种修辞手法，增强文章的形象性、趣味性。

When I was in middle school, I heard the English song Baby One More Time. Then I saw the music record, the girl was so sweet and pretty. She danced so well in the record, she was full of energy. Since then, I fell in love with Britney Spears, every girl wanted to be her. She was not only beautiful, but also could sing and dance so well. Britney Spears was my early idol, her energetic image attracted me so much. I was so crazy about her at that time. I believe that in every teenager’s dream, they will have an idol.

导语：假期这个词语让很多学生一听心情都会变好了吧，下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理了优秀英语作文经典模板，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

Winter vacation this year, I had a very full.

Just have a holiday, my mother had to go to work, all is me a person at home during the day, my mother just home for lunch at noon. Mom said, to do things to QianJinHouSong. I hope to finish the homework early, so I basic schedules in accordance with the school, but I didnt go to school in the morning, of course, the early, to school, the day hasnt light is about to get up. Just a few days, the teacher assigned written homework, I had already finished, the rest is back to the tang dynasty, every day to review English and finish this semester did not finish the exercises. In spare time, I read books, this winter holiday Ive looked at a few books - "Chinese childrens literature", "love education", sometimes I also can see the readers digest. Now I was watching writer zhou guoping wrote "niu".

【参考译文】

今年寒假，我过得十分充实。

刚放假的那会儿，妈妈要上班，白天都是我一个人在家，妈妈只是中午回家做个午饭。妈妈说过，做事情要前紧后松。我希望早点完成作业，所以我基本按照学校的作息时间，不过，我早上起床当然没有上学的时候的早，上学时，天还没亮就要起床了。才几天，老师布置的书面作业，我就已经完成了，剩下的就是每天背唐诗，复习英语以及把这学期没有做完的练习题完成。在空闲的时候，我会看课外书，这个寒假我已经看了几本课外书——《中国儿童文学》，《爱的教育》，有时候我也会看《读者》。我现在正在看作家周国平写的《妞妞》。