初中英语说明文写作模板(合集19篇)

在国家教育部制定的《语文课程标准》中，写说明文是对中学生的要求。

说明文是用说明的表达方式来解说事物、阐明事理、给人以知识的文章。简单地说，说明文就是把你要写的对象介绍给读者，其标准就是介绍的是否清楚、明白、易懂。

在我们的日常生活中，说明与人的关系十分密切，你经常要向人们介绍事物或者某种道理。所以，说明并不是神秘的事情，在日常生活中人人都会。

对于写说明文来说，其题材领域十分宽广，大到宇宙小到一根铅笔都可以说明，都能写成说明文。比如，做饭、做菜、穿衣睡觉、治病防病、吃饭喝水，这些日常行为都可以写成说明文，再比如，春夏秋冬、风雨雷电、水、空气这些自然现象也可以写成说明文，钢笔、课桌、书籍、本子这些学习用品还可写说明文，城市、村庄、学校等等地点场所也可以写成说明文。与此同时，怎样写作文、怎样听课、怎样考虑这些做事情的道理也可以写成说明文，称为事理说明文。应该说，我正在写的这篇《说明文的特点及写作要求》就是一篇事理说明文。

说明文的特点在于说明、介绍。与记叙文不同，记叙文是记人叙事，所以说明文不以人物活动和故事情节为主，它是对事物的静态介绍。与议论文也不同，议论文是海阔天空地摆事实讲道理，有论点、论据、论证，而说明文中的事理说明文就是就此事的道理做静态介绍。

知识性、通俗性和条理性是说明文的三大特点。

知识性是说明文的本质特征。对一个事物缺乏知识，我们可以写成记叙文，但绝对写不成说明文。说明文正是要介绍该事物的知识，没有知识怎样说明呢。

通俗性也很重要，事物本身的结构、形态、历史及其科学知识是很复杂的。我们写说明文的目的就是要把这些复杂变简单，把深奥变通俗，所以写出来的文章，要使有点文化的人都能看懂，不要把明白人给绕糊涂了。

条理性是指说明文的行文结构。既包括整篇文章的结构，也包括一个段落的结构，还包括两句话之间的结构，都要有条理。要按部就班地去说明，有条有理地、清清楚楚地说出来。在结构上，说明文没有记叙文和议论文那么自由。

所以，在说明文的写作中，要普遍注意以下方面：一是要有该事物的知识，二是要抓住事物的特点进行说明，三是要科学地安排说明顺序，四是采用恰当的说明方法。

When the national entrance examination is over, people always pay more

attention to those who are enrolled by colleges and universities. Those who

failed the examination are treated coldly. Being enrolled by colleges and

universities is, of course, worth congratulating. But giving the successful

candidates excessive praise and neglecting those who failed the examination

might send the wrong message: young people do not have a bright future unless

they go to college or university.

Teachers, parents and society, therefore, should give more attention to

students failing the examination. They are in more urgent need of understanding,

warmth and encouragement. We should tell them that to go to college is not the

only way to success, and that, if they make enough effort, they can still

develop talents in other occupations that will serve society.

Personally, the country’s economic development requires not only

specialized scientists and technical experts, but also knowledge-based workers

and skilled laborers. After some vocational training, these senior high school

students can also become backbones in their own fields and contribute their

wisdom to our society.

Have you ever had a dream about your splendid future or imagined something ueal but interesting or meaningfulTell your closet friend about it now. My Dream I have a dream that I am always young. Then I will have enough energy to do everything whenever I want. Moreover, I dont have to worry about the old age during which I even cant take care of myself. I know that my dream will not come true. However, I think it is lucky that I am young now. So I will treasure my time, enjoy my life and try my best to do everything well.

我有一个梦想就是我永远年轻，然后我就会有足够的精力去做我想做的事情，而且，我就不会因年老无法照顾自己而忧虑。我深知我的梦想不会实现。然而，我很幸运，现在我很年轻。 因此，我一定要珍惜青春好时光，享受生活，并且尽最大努力把每件事情做好。

[我的梦想英语作文三篇

1.Cats

Cats are very cute animals,they are very special as well.

It has pointy ears,round eyes,little claws,and short but soft fur.Cats like eating fish and mice.They like to keep themselves clean,they do that by licking their fur.Also they are nocturnal animals,they sleep in the daytime and do most of their movements at night.

We should love cat,because cats are our friends,too.

2.I love cats,they are very intelligent.They have a lot of colors,I like most is black cat,black cat s eyes are yellow,and the cats eye at night will flash.The cat is very clever,can climb trees,most cats are caught rats.They are not easy to get sick,is adapted to survive in the wild,so there are so many stray cats.They are very poor,we should help them.

3.I used to have a Persian cat at my house. It is long curly hair, green eyes or a blue one! The lovely little nose is always smelling, and still a pure breed! Dont mention how cute it is! He is one of my favorite Persian cats - gigi.

Kikis temper is very small, generally very mild. For example, I came home from school every day, the first is to write the homework, Kiki would not bother me, squatting on the side of his curly hair comb. So after I had finished my homework, I will play and Kiki lying on my legs, I always playing with him not to mind taking the trouble.

Gigi is never choosy about food. Sometimes, Ill eat the rest of his give it to eat, will not care about it. Although it is not delicious, but it is very delicious but pretend to like, eating with relish; sometimes, I will go to buy cat food to eat it, Kiki happy tail swaying, as if to say: "little master! Little master, good!" Im glad to see it.

How cute look after writing, you must love it! Ill introduce you some other time. Ill give you an open view!

4.I like a lot of animals, but my favorite animal is my cat.

This is a cat, the eyelash is very large, the eye is particularly large, a brown hair, a long beard is about.

Its character is very gentle, remember the very first time that I touch it, it meow to cry, I was shocked, however, it is not for me to attack, then I feel it a few times, it is a strength with his hair rub I kept licking my hands or face.

It and my relationship is very close, I remember when I was in school, the first Chinese lesson, the teacher asked me to say, so I call a sound, suddenly a cat ran in front of me, I know this is my kitten immediately. Originally, this kitten has been following me, I can not take care of the teacher and the schoolmate is how to look at me, hurriedly takes the kitten to hug in the bosom, kisses it, the teacher, schoolmates sight not only is envies, also has the curiosity.

This is my favorite little animal. Oh, I forgot to tell you. I gave it a name - Emerald green.

Tracy, I like you. Youre always a part of my life!

5.My cat I love animals, especially cats.

I raise a kitten, I called her Mimi, she was very cute. She has a little black nose, her mouth is very small, very short legs. Every time I got home, she always shaking her tail, I went to the fractious arms. When she feels hungry when she was a very loud call to our attention.

I love my Mimi

Water is very important to us. If you don’t have water for three days, you

will die. We can use water for flowers, swimming, washing and many different

things. We use it to cook, make electricity, put out fires and so on. We use

millions of liters of water every day.

Do you know how does the water come to your home? It travels through water

pipes. Some are long and wide but some are short and narrow. Then the water

travels through the water pipes to the reservoirs. Then it travels through the

water pipes to the river and to the special factories (we call water plants)

that purify the water. When the water is purified, we can drink it. Please don’t

leave garbage in the water on which we line, and keep the water clean.

Spring Festival is my favourite festival. This years Spring Festival is in February 8th.

On New Years Eve, everyone will wear new clothes. My parents and I will go to the Grandpa and grandmas home to eat Nian Yefan. This is the tradition of our family. At the dinner table, my grandmother will prepare a lot of dishes for us to cook hot pot.

These dishes are very delicious. Everyone ate very happy. We have forgotten the troubles of the past year, happy to greet the new year. After dinner, I will go back home with my parents. In eight, I will be fireworks at the

threshold of our home.

They are very beautiful. Doing this will make me feel very happy. After I put the fireworks, I will watch the Spring Festival Gala. The Gala adds a mood of celebration in the house as people laugh, discuss and enjoy the performance. At eleven, my parents gave me 200 yuan. This is my years new years money. 0 ocolck, the new years bell sounded, we have ushered in the new year. I made a wish. I hoped that that we could have a happy and healthy life next year and everyone in my family could be happy.

I have a happy family, there are three people in my family, my father, my mother and I. I go to school from Monday to Friday, on the weekends, I will go out with my parents, they always take me to different restaurants, we will taste different food. At night, my mother will tell me a story, then I can have a good dream, I love my family life.

在2017年10月1日，我终于亲眼在电视上看见了国庆阅兵仪式，当胡锦涛同志乘坐检阅车缓缓地驶向受检时，他亲切而又不停地向战友们问好：“同志们好!同志们辛苦了!”

从我懂事起，我还第一次收看这么雄伟壮观的阅兵仪式，那一排排整齐的各种各样方队，有空军，海军等，迈着铿锵有力的步伐从天安门走过;那一架架飞机编队从天安门上空飞过，划出了一道道美丽的彩虹;那一辆辆汽车载着各种各样的先进武器，像一个个威严的战士排着整齐的队伍展现在人们的眼前。

我的祖国已度过68华诞，我作为一名少先队员，在祖国那么美好又伟大的大家庭里，我要加倍珍惜每一分钟，奋发学习，努力成为栋梁之才，为祖国更加美好的明天贡献出自己的力量。

我想对我们伟大的祖国说一句我一直藏在心里的话：“祖国我们为你骄傲，自豪!”

On October 1, 2017, I finally saw the National Day parade on television, and when President Hu Jintao took the review vehicle slowly toward the inspection force, he greeted his comrades and helplessly to his comrades: "Comrade "Comrades are so hard!"

From my sensible, I also watched such a magnificent military parade for the first time, the rows of neat rows of squads, the Air Force, the Navy, etc., walked by sonorous and vigorous pace from Tiananmen Square; The plane fleet flew over Tiananmen Square and set off a beautiful rainbow; the car carrying a variety of advanced weapons, like a majestic warrior row of neat teams show in front of people The

My motherland has spent 68 birthday, I as a young pioneer, in the motherland so beautiful and great family, I want to cherish every minute, work hard, and strive to become a pillar of the better for the motherland tomorrow Contribute to their own strength.

I would like to say to our great motherland that I have been hiding in my heart: "The motherland we are proud of you, proud!"

My Plan for Winter Holiday

How time flies. This term ends quickly and the winter holiday is coming. I make a general plan for it. Firstly, my teachers leave us some homework, so I must earnestly finish them on time. I plan to finish them before the Spring Festival, and then I can enjoy the festival with all my heart. Secondly, I will spend some time with my friends. Generally, we study together but have little time to play. During the holiday, we want to have fun together. Finally, I will visit my grandparents with my parents, and then we will spend the Spring Festival with them. I haven’t seen them for a long time. I miss them very much. This is my winter holiday plan. What is yours?

放学后， I return home. We usually have supper at seven o’clock.then I begin to do my homework. I want to finish it before I go to bed. 虽然我的日常生活十分单调，之后我就开始做家庭作业，为什么？因为我打算做一个好学生，希望将来为国家服务。

I try hard to adapt myself to it. Why? Because I intend to be a good student. I wish to render service to my country. I get up at six o’clock every day. After I wash my face and brush my teeth， 我每天六点起床、洗脸刷牙后，我就回家了。

我们通常在七点钟吃晚餐。

七点钟我就去上学，希望在睡觉前把它做完 ， My dailylife 我的日常生活 Though my daily life is extremely monotonous，但我却竭力设法去适应它， I begin to review my lessons. I go to school at seven o’clock. After school is over，就开始复习功课，。

[初中生寒假英语作文

要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径：

１．问题现状

２．怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)

In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ------------(说明Ａ的现状)．Second, ---------------(举例进一步说明现状) Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ---------------(解决方法一). For another -------------(解决方法二). Finally, --------------(解决方法三). Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解决方法). Consequently, Im confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------(带来的好处).

Live with thankfulness Do you know Thanksgiving Day?Do you know why human thank God? Thanksgiving falls on the fourth Thursday of November, a different date every year. The President must proclaim that date as the official celebration.

Thanksgiving is a time for tradition and sharing. Even if they live far away, family members gather for a reunion at the house of an older relative. All give thanks together for the good things that they have. In this spirit of sharing, civic groups and charitable organizations offer a traditional meal to those in need, particularly the homeless. On most tables throughout the United States, foods eaten at the first thanksgiving have become traditional. What should we thank?

The thankful great universe provides the environment of existence for us and give us sunlight, air, water and everything in keeping with we existence of space, bring storm to let us accept to toughen for us, bring to us mysterious let us look for. The thankful parents give us the life, make us feel the merriment of the human life, feel the genuine feeling of the human life, feel the comity of the human life, feel happiness of the human life, also feel hardships and pain and sufferings of the human life!

The thankful teacher works with diligence and without fatigue everyday of teach, give us knowledge ability, put on the wing which flies toward the ideal for us. The thankful classmate and friend grows up road of, let I no longer standing alone in the itinerary of life;The with gratitude is frustrated and let us become in a time the failure stronger.

[ 多与家人朋友沟通交流初中英语作文

钟声响起了，原来现在已是晚上十点。忽然，屋里传来门铃的响声，妈妈加班回来了。平平拉着妈妈的衣角，大声埋怨道：“妈妈，你怎么回来这么晚，我一个人在家孤独死了。”“好孩子，看妈妈给你带来了什么？”妈妈神秘的说。平平撒娇的说：“什么什么，快给我看看。”妈妈拿出来，在平平眼前晃了晃。“是我最爱吃的橘子!”

平平捧着这个又圆又大的橘子，自言自语的说：“这个橘子真可爱，金灿灿的，像一个正在奔驰的小车轮。看那两片绿色的叶子就知道，是刚从树上摘下来的，肯定很新鲜，不说那么多了先尝尝。”

平平拨开薄薄地皮，橘子肉像一朵荷花里长出的莲蓬，一片片月牙似的橘瓣，聚在一起，活像个小灯笼，真漂亮。平平迅速拨下一片橘子放在嘴里。呀！可甜了。平平正吃的津津有味，这时，他想：“妈妈平时那么疼我，什么好东西都让给我吃，我是否要孝敬一下妈妈呢？”他托着腮帮子，转动着小脑筋，想出了一个十全十美的好办法。于是，他跑到妈妈身边，说：“妈妈，你买的什么橘子呀，快把我的牙齿都酸掉了。”妈妈赶紧拨了一片橘子，放在嘴里品尝着，最后奇怪的问：“不会呀，甜的很呢。”平平跳起来，大声喊：“噢，妈妈上了我的‘橘子计’。”妈妈愣了一下，微笑着，说：“你真是一个孝敬父母的好孩子！”

夜里，一阵欢笑声打破了沉静，传出了很远很远……

秋天到了，正是橘子大丰收的时候。圆滚滚的橘子上橘黄还透点青，像个花季的少女，有开朗的一面，又有青涩的一面。

等妈妈买来橘子，我就把它放在盘内。玻璃盘里那三五个饱满溜圆的橘子闪着光泽，令我垂涎欲滴。我立马抓起一个橘子使劲一撕皮，橙黄色的果肉便显露出来，因为我太用劲，黄色的橘子汁就随着浓烈的香气缓缓流出来，真叫我那贪婪的嘴兴奋极了。我朝着流汁的地方猛一吸，那味道，真叫人一生难忘，甜蜜蜜，又有些酸溜溜，令我回味无穷。我赶紧将剩余的橘子皮都扒了下来，香气扑鼻，诱人致极的果肉就尽收眼底了。我将它一掰两半，拿起一半，剥下一块，便大口大口的嚼了起来。一口咬下去，甜汁乱溅，果肉也是鲜香可口，汁多肉嫩，那甜甜的橘子汁，冰凉冰凉，在口中也十分爽口。于是，我便三下五除二地将一个橘子吃光了。那种味道实在是人间美味，可堪为珍馐美馔。

甜的吃完要吃酸的了。听说酸味对人体又很大的帮助，我便怀着揣测的心理剥开了一个酸橘子的皮。它的皮是全青的，还有点硬。但拿起一瓣橘子尝尝，味道酸中微微透点甜，也是很不错的。一粒粒饱满的果肉，像肌肉一样紧紧挨着，而这果肉中的汁水却酸地人牙疼，连妈妈看着我捂着嘴“嗷嗷”乱叫的时候，也哈哈大笑。

其实像这种水果才算的上是健康食品（如果不加农药）而且是什么季节产什么水果，就吃什么。那些油炸的，膨化的食品，吃了只能致癌，别无他用。

橘子酸甜可口，相信你一定爱吃吧！我的家乡可是它的出产地哟！

春天时，你到我的家乡来，一大片一大片的橘子树就会展现在你的眼前，大大小小的橘树仿佛给大地穿上了一件绿色的新衣服一样，漂亮极了。我们这帮爱吃的孩子，整天看着橘子树，盼望着它们早点结果子给我们吃。

夏天，橘子树上的橘子有蹦蹦球那么大了，像绿色的宝石点缀在橘子树中。白天时，我们小孩经常在橘树上爬上去再爬下来，在橘树从中捉迷藏。橘树林仿佛我们的天堂，有无尽的乐趣。夜晚时，村民们就会到橘子林来歇凉，赏月。每当这时，橘子娃娃就调皮地，迫不及待地蹦下树来，仿佛要听听我们在说什么似的。

秋天，经过农民伯伯辛勤的努力和汗水的浇灌，橘子娃娃已经换上了一件金灿灿的、红彤彤的衣服，就像一盏盏小灯笼挂在住上。农民伯伯们乐得合不拢嘴，一个个说：“今年大丰收啊！”我们这些孩子自然忍不住了，三蹦两跳就爬了上去。摘下一个橘子闻闻，哟，真香！剥了皮咬一口，果肉中的汁儿一直就甜入了我的心中。农民们也把橘子统统摘下来挑着去卖：“来呀，来呀，卖香喷喷的橘子哟！好吃极了！”看到的人纷纷走过来问：“多少钱呀？”“一块一斤”农民伯伯笑着说。“再低点嘛！”“好吧，那六毛钱一斤。“成交，我买五斤。”“好，好！”......

冬天时，家家户户的窗前都放着一些橘子皮，千万不要大惊小怪，因为橘子皮也是很有用处的！它可以和萝卜一起熬汤，很香很暖和！橘子皮泡茶喝有利于通气，加工后还能治病呢。橘子皮还可以做成一盏盏漂亮的小桔灯呢。

家乡的橘子真好，我爱橘子！

我爱吃橘子，你知道它的好处吗？不知到吧，就让我告诉你。

橘子俗称“桔子”，是扁圆形的，像我的拳头一样大小，橘子皮是橘黄色的。皮有疙瘩，远看就像一盏小灯笼。剥开橘子皮，一股橘子特有的清香味扑鼻而来。橘子皮里是白色的筋络，像给橘子瓣披上了白色的纱衣。橘子瓣是月牙形的，像弯弯的月亮，许多橘子瓣像几个好兄弟围坐在一起。掰一瓣放进嘴里，果汁四溢，滋润了喉咙，流进肚子里，甜透了心窝，叫人越吃越爱吃。一边吃橘子，一边看电视，可是我最美的享受啦。

橘子是日常生活中最常见的水果之一。橘子的营养丰富，每百克橘子肉中，含蛋白质0.9克，脂肪0。1克，碳水化合物12.8克，粗纤维0.4克，钙56毫克，磷15毫克，铁0.2毫克，胡萝卜素0.55毫克，维生素B0.08毫克，维生素B20.3毫克，烟酸0.3毫克，维生素c34毫克以及柠檬酸、苹果酸、等营养物质。橘子味甘酸，有止咳的作用，有润肺化痰的作用。

橘子肉、皮、络、核、叶都是药。橘子皮，又称陈皮，是重要药物之一。《本草纲目》中说陈皮是“同补药则补;同泻药则泻;同升药则升;同降药则降。”橘皮是一味理气、除燥、利湿、化痰、止咳、健脾、和胃的要药;刮去白色内层的橘皮表皮称为橘红，具有理肺气、祛痰、止咳的作用;橘瓤上的筋膜称为橘络，具有通经络、消痰积的作用，可治疗胸闷肋痛、肋间神经痛等症;橘子核可治疗腰痛、疝气痛等症;橘叶具有疏肝作用，可治肋痛及乳腺炎初起等症;橘肉有开胃理气、止咳润肺的作用，常吃橘子，对治疗急慢性支气管炎、老年咳嗽气喘、津液不足、消化不良、伤酒烦渴、慢性胃病等有一定的效果。

多吃水果吧，个个都有营养哦！

一天，我和妈妈去爬黄山。我刚开始爬的时候觉得很容易。但当我爬到一半时，我累极了优秀作文 专注写作 ，上气不接下气。我问妈妈：“我能爬到山顶吗?”妈妈回答说：“只要你有勇气，你就能征服所有的山，不管它们有多高!”于是我就继续爬。半小时之后，我终于爬上了山顶。多么美好的一天呀!

One day, Mother and I went to climb Mount Huang. When I began to climb, I felt very easy. But when I climbed the haft way, I was verytired.and quite out of breath. I asked mother, "Can I climb to the top?" Mother answered, "As long as you have courage, you can conquer every mountain,

no matter how high it is! "So I went ahead. Half an hour later, I climbed to the top finally. What a wonderful day I had!

MyPet

Recently, three owls appeared suddenly on our campus. They made me think of my pet from childhood. When I was little, we had an owl at home. It was small, gray, and had two big eyes. We liked it very much. Every time I went home, it greeted me by making “goo-goo” sounds. We always played with it and talked to it. It would blink its eyes just like it understood what we were saying. It was like my best friend. But when the weather became colder, we forgot to keep it warm , and it died. It made us sad for a long time, and it also taught me how important it is to take care of animals.

[我的宠物初中英语作文

随着时代的发展,我们的生活将会发生许多变化,下面三幅图片所描绘的情景有可能在未来的生活中变为现实,同学们可结合图片,发挥想象,展望未来的生活,以Life in the future为题,用英文写一篇100词左右的短文(开头语已给出,不计入总词数)。

要求:书写规范,语法正确,语句通顺,主题鲜明。

Life in the future

As time goes by, there are going to be big changes in our everyday lives in the future. For example,

As time goes by, there are going to be big changes in our everyday life. For example, when we are hungry, we dont need to cook in a hurry. Just take some pills, and everything will be OK. When we are free, we can go anywhere by spacecraft. It will be very cheap, just like taking a taxi now. And of course, if we want to see what is like under the sea, just travel down there in a flying object like UFO. Maybe there will be a lot of cities and people living there. I think itll be very easy to travel anywhere, not only in our world, but also in space and in the deep sea.

[初中英语作文:未来的生活

导语：童年宛如乐谱，谱写出一件又一件的趣事，童年是雨后的彩虹，下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

My childhood was happy with my mother’s love .In my young heart, my mother was strong and healthy and never got sick. She took me to the primary school and home every day. No matter when it’s rainy or windy.

But one day, after we got home from school, my mother went into the bedroom and stayed in bed. I didn’t know what had happened.

I sat beside her , my mother said to me , “it doesn’t matter , mum only has a headache . I will be all right after a while.” Although mother said so, I found tears in her eyes because of pain, at that time I knew adults also got ill and cried. I decided I would take care of my mother from then on.

【参考译文】

我的童年对我母亲的爱很满意。在我幼小的心里,我妈妈强壮健康,从不生病。她每天带我去小学和家。无论刮风下雨还是刮风下雨。

但是有一天,我们放学回家后,妈妈走进卧室,躺在床上。我不知道发生了什么事

我坐在她旁边,妈妈对我说:“没关系,妈妈只是头疼。”过一会儿我会没事的。虽然母亲说,我发现她眼里含着泪水,因为痛苦,那时我知道成年人也生病了,哭了。我决定从那以后照顾我妈妈。

Nowadays there are so many animals out there make people in real life  happier. Dog is the best example to identify. As many people believe dog is  mans best freind, this is very true.It not just entertain us, however,  sometimes dogs could actually help their owner do some work!

When we are bored, we might take our dogs for a walk, we could play with  them. Mainly dogs listen to their owner all the time, they are most obedient pet  out of all kinds of animals.Peeple like dogs simply because, they are cute, they  make fun of us and most significantly, dogs make people happier. Therefore,  saying dogs are peoples friend have nothing wrong, they actually obtain the  most closest relationship with the human beings out of all animals.

[初中英语作文狗是人类的朋友

说明文是一种以说明为主要表达方式的文体。它是对客观事物的性状、特点、功能和用途等做科学地说明。它既不像记叙文那样重在记叙、描写和抒情，也不像议论文那样，重在阐明主张，批驳谬论。说明文通过说明客观事物，使人增长知识和技能。怎么写说明文比较好呢?下文是小编整理的相关内容，欢迎阅读参考!

一、要抓住事物的特征

一篇说明文写得好不好，主要看它有没有抓住事物的特征。写出来是不是使读者得到具体而明确的认识。比如，你参观了动物园，要向小读者介绍长颈鹿。什么是长颈鹿的主要特征呢?跑得快，斑纹美丽，这些都不是长颈鹿独具的特点。长颈鹿最主要的特征是脖子长。

那么，怎样去抓特征呢?

首先，要细致观察。文章是客观事物的反映，只有深入细致观察，才能对事物了解得清楚。

其次，要查阅资料。我们不能事事亲身经历，而说明文又要求特征准确。材料翔实，这就需要查阅有关的资料，靠前人总结出来的经验来印证。

最后。还要学会比较。世界上没有绝对相同的两片树叶。孪生兄弟，长得再相似，也能区别。抓住事物的特征，就是抓住这个事物区别于其他事物的不同特点，从共性中发现个性，从一般中找到特殊。事物的特征往往在同别的事物相比较中显示出来。比如，要说明中国是一个大国，这个“大”字就很有学问。你可以直接说，中国的面积有九百六十万平方公里，也可以用比较的方法来说明。中国的面积，与法国比，有十七个法国大;与日本比，有二十五个日本大;与英国比，有三十九个英国大;我们祖国的面积，相当于整个欧洲。这样一比较，既具体，又生动，很有说服力。

总之。要抓住说明对象的特征，一方面靠亲身实践，细致观察。另一方面又要善于向书本和有经验的人学习，同时还要周密思考。学会比较，努力去熟悉所要说明的事物。

二、说明要有条理

要想写好一篇说明文，除了要抓住事物的特征外，还要掌握事物本身的条理。依据事物本身的条理来说明，行文线索要清楚，层次要分明，不能想到哪里。写到哪里。说明文有两种，一种是说明具体事物，如介绍一种新品种;一种是说明抽象事物，如“什么是世界”?

说明具体事物的文章，可以由上到下，由前到后，由外到内，由主到次地写，使读者容易了解各部分的相互关系。有的同学在介绍具体事物的时候，没有事先根据这些事物的相互关系理清脉络，归纳分类，结果往往容易出现关系凌乱、层次不清的毛病。

说明抽象事物的文章，不但要说明事物是“这样的”，而且要进一步说明“为什么会这样”。这就要按照人们认识事物的规律，步步深入地加以说明，或由浅入深，或由表及里，或由具体到抽象，或由原因到结果，或由现象到本质，或由数量到质量，或由特殊到一般等等。例如，鸟为什么会飞?人为什么会做梦?都属于这一类。如果是说明事物的变化发展过程。可以按照时间的顺序。如果属于介绍生产技术，可以按照生产的程序。只有按照事物本身的条理，来确定说明的顺序。文章才能写得眉目清楚。

三、说明文的语言要确切、简洁、通俗

确切：要求语言要确切。用词准确，不能夸大和缩小。

简洁：语言简洁，就是精炼，干净利落，用尽可能少的话，把事物说清楚，不要罗嗦重复、拖泥带水。比如“大雪把铁路淹没无踪”：“下水游泳应注意些什么”，这两句话中的“无踪”和“下水”都是重复多余的话，应该删去。

通俗：语言通俗，就是运用群众中明白通顺的话，把本来是抽象的概念说得具体生动，把本来深奥的道理说得浅显易懂。例如：庄稼有了化学朋友，就不怕生物界敌人的进攻了。

[写作技巧：说明文

My home town is a beautiful place. It stands beside a wide river and is

rich in fish and rice.

But in the old days it was a poor and backward little town. Many people had

no work. They lived a hard life.

In 1949 my hometown was liberated. Since then great changes have taken

place there. The streets have been widened. Factories, schools, hospitals,

cinemas and theatres have sprung up one after another. The life of the people is

greatly improved.

I love my hometown. All the more I love its people. They are working hard

so as to make it still richer and more beautiful.