关于解决空气污染英语作文(最新20篇)

导语：近年来我国多地雾霾天气不断增多，极大地影响了人们的健康与生活。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的相关作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

With the broadcast of smog,this long-standing environmental problems,become the hot discussion once again.According to some reports,the frequent appearances of smog obscure the clarity of the sky recently.Some people drove slowly on the road because they could not see clearly. They also suffered from many illnesses caused by smog.

Smog is the general expression of various higher-than-permitted suspended particulate matter (such as PM2.5) in the atmosphere,which express the state of air pollution .It contains fog and haze,both of them are disastrous weather. Fog consists of a large number of tiny water or ice crystals.Its actually a harmless natural phenomena that makes visibility worse .Haze is air pollution in which is mixed up with dust, smoke and other dry particles. The components that make up haze may have negative effect on peoples health, especially for children and the old.

So its necessary to find out the reason why leads to smog and work out the resolution.If we trace the cause for smog weather ,the main points are natural causes that include windblown dust and manmade causes which include three aspects.Firstly,china s air quality standards are rather lax and evaluation factors are limited.Secondly,some enterprises just go for economic interests instead of observing relevant law and regulations.Obsolete equipment、industrial fuel burning and manufacturing operations are high likely to emit much wasted air.Thirdly,across our society ,relevant protection awareness has not built up.Just for the sake of convience to go out,people rely more and more on travelling and working by car while car is the main cause for smog.

To settle this problem,a series of meaures should be taken as follows.Primarily,we should establish a sound control system of smog. Not only can environmental protection departments strengthen air monitor,but government should enact more strict laws and regulations.Moreover,Reduce pollution sources is the fundamental solution to cut air pollutants. For example,we can reduce the amount of fuel vehicles or close down high polluting enterprises.Developing green and energy-saving energy can lower the emission of smog.Last but not least, People should do personal protection.They need to reduce the time for outdoor sports and pay attention to rest in smog days.Everyone all over the country should take measures to reduce the smog weather. We can use more public transport such as the bus and the underground so that the number of cars will be limited.Also,people should plant more trees. As far as Im concerned ,if we work together to do such measures ,smog weather will vanish completely and we will get clear and blue sky.

【参考翻译】

随着烟雾的传播，这个长期存在的环境问题再次成为人们讨论的热点，据一些报道，烟雾的频繁出现模糊了最近天空的清晰度，有些人因为看不清楚而在路上缓慢行驶。他们也遭受了许多由烟雾引起的疾病。

烟雾是大气中各种高达允许悬浮颗粒物(如PM2.5)的普遍表现，它表示大气污染的状态，含有雾和霾，两者都是灾害性天气。雾由大量的细小的水或冰晶组成，实际上是一种无害的自然现象，它使能见度变得更糟。Haze是空气污染，它与灰尘、烟雾和其他干粒子混合在一起。构成雾霾的成分可能对人们的健康产生负面影响，特别是对儿童和老年人。

因此有必要找出原因，导致烟雾和工作的决议。如果我们追溯雾霾天气的成因，主要是自然原因，包括风沙和人为原因主要有以下三个方面：首先，中国的空气质量标准是相当宽松的评价因素是有限的。其次，一些企业只是去代替观察相关的法律和法规的经济利益。设备陈旧、工业燃料燃烧和生产经营高可能发出多浪费空气。然后，在我们的社会中，相关的保护意识还没有建立起来。只是为了方便出门的缘故，人们越来越依赖旅行和工作的汽车，而汽车是主要原因烟雾。

为了解决这个问题，应采取一系列措施如下。首先，我们应该建立一个健全的烟雾控制系统。环保部门不仅要加强大气监测，而且要制定更加严格的法律法规，减少污染源是减少大气污染物的根本途径。例如，我们可以减少燃料量或关闭高污染企业，发展绿色、节能的能源可以降低烟雾排放。最后但并非最不重要的，人们应该做好个人防护。他们需要减少户外运动的时间和关注在烟雾天休息。全国各地的人应该采取措施减少烟雾天气。我们可以使用更多的公共交通工具，如公共汽车和地铁，这样汽车的数量将是有限的，人们也应该种植更多的树。就我而言，如果我们共同努力，采取这样的措施，烟雾天气将完全消失，我们将得到明确和蓝天。

今天早上，我一觉醒来，发现天空是湛蓝的，是那种温柔的澜，纯洁的蓝。蓝的让人陶醉，让人心旷神怡。

今天的天这样蓝，是因为经过了暴风雨的清洁，否则它还会是灰蒙蒙的。为什么会这样呢?爸爸妈妈小时侯，天还是蓝蓝的。这一切的幕后凶手就是——环境污染。

工厂在工作时产生的废气都是没有经过处理就直接排向蓝天，企业燃用汽油产生的废气也弥散在空中。同时随着经济的发展和人口增多，能源消耗量增加，产生的废气也是原来的许多倍。汽车、摩托车等机动车数量迅速增加，尾气排放量加大。这些废气中含有大量二氧化碳和烟尘。由此造成严重的环境污染。而环境污染又会造成大气层污染，大气层污染导致天空变灰。

空气污染的害处不单单只是天空变灰，有时还会有生命危险。

1984年12月3日凌晨，震惊世界的印度博帕尔公害事件发生。午夜，坐落在博帕尔市郊的一所杀虫剂厂——一座储存四十五吨化学有害物质的杀虫剂厂的保安闸出现毒气泄漏事故。

不一会儿就有毒烟雾袭向这个城市。形成了一个方圆25英里的毒雾笼罩区。先是近邻的两个小镇上，有数百人在睡梦中死亡;接着是火车站里的一些乞丐死亡。毒雾大幅度的扩散时，居民们惊慌失措，有的以为是“原子弹爆炸”，有的以为是“地震发生”，有的以为是“世界末日的来临”。一周后，有2500人死于这场污染事故，另有1000多人危在旦夕，3000多人病入膏肓。有15万人因受污染危害而进入医院就诊，事故发生4天后，受害的病人还以每分钟一人的速度增加。这次事故还使20多万人双目失明。

可见，空气污染的危害有多么大!为了缓解空气污染，请大家从身边的小事做起，不要在野外烧火，尽量不要用尾气排放量太高的汽车……相信有了大家的支持，空气污染造成的危害一定会消失!!!

Control Environmental Pollution

Today, as the development of the technology, people live a much better life than before, the average wage is promoted highly. The economy develops at the cost of polluting the environment, we can see the pollution everywhere, like the river water is dirty, the situation is so serious that we must take some action to control the environmental pollution. First, we should not throw away the rubbish, whenever we have rubbish at hand, we should keep the habit to throw it into the dustbin, sometimes the garbage can be recycled. Second, the government should make some measure to punish the industry which is not deal with the pollution well. With the government’s intervention, the businessmen will pay special attention to the pollution and dare not to ignore it. Protecting the environment needs everyone’s effort, to ourselves and our offspring’s health, we must take action to protect the environment.

控制环境污染

今天，随着科技的发展，人们比之前生活得更好，平均工资也大幅度提升。经济的发展却是以污染环境为代价，我们随处可见污染，比如河水很脏，这样的情形是如此的严重，我们必须采取措施来控制环境的污染。第一，我们不应该乱扔垃圾，无论何时我们手中有垃圾，应该养成扔进垃圾箱的习惯，有时候垃圾是可以循环利用的。第二，政府应该采取一些措施来惩罚那么不处理好污染的产业。有了政府的干预，商家就会格外注意污染，不敢忽视。保护环境需要每个人的努力，为了我们和后代的健康，我们必须采取措施来保护环境。

[控制环境污染英语作文

We know our hometown Anji is very beautiful, it is famous for the bamboos. And our hometown is an ecological country town, Most persons of Shanghai like traveling here. They called Anji is Shanghai’s flower back garden; The start of Huangpu River.

But now, in order to attract more tourists, develop the industry of our hometown. The leader of Anji government announced an order: work hard for five years , make a new Anji. That means we will develop the industry . Maybe It will pollute the environment.

It is good to see that nowadays both the government and people are becoming more aware of environmental protection and ecological balance. What we need to do now is to put our words into our deeds. And this should start from every and each one of us ,and it should start from small instances.

Yes, the government has been doing a great job. And what about us? What should we ourselves do? Some of us may think that is quite difficult. But it can be as simple as: do not litter; and strictly observe the rules and regulations of the tourist areas. Use as few plastic bags and boxes as possible. When traveling, and whenever possible, use public transportation instead of always driving your own car.

It is not that far to reach, right? It is just as simple as the famous slogan for travelers in TianHuangping says, “Please take away nothing but your smile, and leave behind your but your footprint.” I believe that more and more people now are becoming aware of the importance of environment protection. Just imagine if you sit in the Large Bamboos Sea and taste the white tea of Anji, that is so wonderful and comfortable. So now let us turn our passion into action. Give ourselves a brighter future to head to. Leave our next generation a brighter, greener, and better world to stay in. If not us, who? If not now, when?

Thank you very much !

[旅游污染英语作文3篇

with the improvement of our living standard, more and more people can afford a car. as a result, our roads are more often than not crammed with cars. however, with more and more waste gas being discharged by the cars, the problem of air pollution becomes even more serious. so nowadays we advocate to lead a low-carbon life.

my suggestion is we should ride bikes more often instead of driving cars.by riding a bike, we can not only exercise our body but also protect our environment. why not have a try, my dear friends?

与我们的生活水平的提高,越来越多的人都买得起汽车的.因此,道路往往没有堆满了汽车.然而,随着越来越多的废气排放是汽车、空气污染问题变得更加严重.所以现在我们提倡过低碳的生活.

我的建议是我们应该更经常骑自行车而不是开车骑一辆自行车,我们不仅能锻炼身体,也能保护我们的环境.为什么不试试,我亲爱的朋友?

Although some citys air quality is improving, but it is estimated that the number of deaths due to air pollution each year up to 358000 people.[5] according to the self assessment, air quality in the recorded data of 338 cities, two-thirds is considered contaminated, two-thirds of which was rated as moderate or severe pollution.Related to air pollution in China, breathing and heart disease is the top killer.Thirty percent for acid rain place.The Chinese governments environmental regulations are thought to have 20 years behind the United States, 20 to 30 yearsbehind that in Europe.And because of car usage increases, a true problem isworsening.

Draw lessons from the Beijing Olympic Games and Shanghai world expo and the guangzhou Asian games air quality guarantee of successful experience, promote the pearl river delta regional environmental cooperation, the implementation of regional air pollution defense measures from spreading.Host during the universiade held in shenzhen air pollution index is less than 30, the air quality is superior, the successful completion of the "green universiade" air quality security tasks.

Industrial pollution is clearly one of the biggest contributors to our polluted landscapes, at least here in the west. There are plenty of causes of land pollution, from urban and industrial ones, to rural and agricultural sources.

But which kinds of land pollution are the most important? And what can we realistically do to help prevent more pollution?

This part of the site gives an overview of some of the most important causes of land pollution, including industrial pollution.

There are also some recommendations for helping avoid domestic land pollution incidents.

Click here for some good reading on industrial pollution and land pollution causes and solutions.

导语：随着环境污染的日益加剧，我们必须加入保护环境的队伍中来，下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的相关英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

River Pollution

Chinese people are now face to a serious problem--pollution. And this problem is a little bit different from others--the goverment can not solve it by themselves. We need everyone to protect our environment. But we also know that it is very hard to call everyone to join us to protect the environment. But it seems that they have found the way to let everybody know it. In a report, Anhui Daily called on residents to help protect the river against pollution. I am so glad about it. And i believe that somewhere the pollution must stop.

【参考译文】

河流污染

中国人现在面临着一个严重的问题污染。这个问题有点不同，政府不能自己解决。我们需要每个人来保护我们的环境。但我们也知道，很难叫大家加入我们保护环境。但似乎他们已经找到了让每个人都知道的方法。在一份报告中，安徽日报呼吁居民帮助保护河流免受污染。我很高兴。我相信某处的污染必须停止。

The important of Environmental protection

With the development of economy, peoples life is getting better and better. The increasingly rapid pace of life. However, environmental problems have become increasingly prominent.

Too many people pay attention to their life and work. To reduce the environmental protection consciousness, causes the environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious. The white trash everywhere. Air pollution. The pollution of water. The land pollution. And so on. Nowadays. These have seriously affected peoples lives. The pollution of the environment has led to mass produce all kinds of disease germs. Popular. It seriously affected peoples lives. We all know.The protection of a good living environment and people is cannot do without. Have a good environment. Peoples life can be guaranteed. In order to get the sustainable development of society.

As we all know. The earth is our home. Protect environment depends on everyone. Only when we have a good environment is the guarantee. Our life will be better and better.

人类活动所造成的“人为污染”，是影响空气品质的主因，它的来源可分成下列3类：

1. 工业污染源——火力发电厂及各种类型的工厂，在生产过程中，燃烧燃料所排放出的废气、烟尘等，若不经适当处理，会严重的污染空气。

2. 交通污染源——汽车、飞机、火车和船舶等交通工具，其排放出的废气中含有一氧化碳、氮氧化物、碳氢化合物及铅等污染物。这些交通污染源和工业污染相比，是比较小型、分散、流动的，但是因为数量庞大，所以排出的污染物的总量，也是具有相当的破坏力。

3. 生活污染源——日常生活也会产生污染空气的物质，如香烟、炒菜的油烟，以及由冰箱、冷气泄漏出的冷媒等，都会污染空气。

青岛，是我美丽的家乡，这里处处红瓦绿树、碧海蓝天，如果用“惊艳”来形容青岛的美，也不足以表达我对她的赞美之情。但是，我渐渐发现，每月天空晴朗的天数似乎越来越少，雾霾天气却越来越多，如果想要欣赏蔚蓝的天空和无暇的白云似乎变成了一种奢侈……原因是什么呢？答案就是——-空气污染。

致命的空气污染来源于工业生产排放的污染废气，汽车、火车等交通运输工具排放的汽车尾气等，它不仅严重危害着人类的身体健康，人体成年累月呼吸这些污染了的空气，会引起慢性支气管炎、哮喘、肺气肿、肺癌等疾病，还严重影响气候，比如会形成酸雨降落……

亲爱的朋友们，保护空气、杜绝污染，刻不容缓。为了让人类拥有一个健康的生存环境，我们每个人必须从身边每一件小事做起，比如每周少开一天车、每天少抽一支烟，每人种一颗树……我想只要人人付出一点点行动，蔚蓝的天空一定会重新向我们绽放灿烂的笑脸！

In my memory, though my hometown is a small village, it is very beautiful. When I was small, I liked to caught fish in the river, the water was so clean that I could see the fish. As I miss my hometown so much, last week, I went back to my hometown, I found the place in my memory was not like what it was. The trees were not that numerous, the roads became bigger, while there was less place for the river, I saw some dead fish in the river, the water was dirty, the river pollution was so serious! I couldn’t believe it, the beautiful hometown was destroyed by the pollution, it is people’s ambition results in it, they chase for the profit at the cost of polluting the environment. I wish people can pay attention to protect the environment, they are saving themselves, too.

在我的记忆中，虽然我的家乡是个小城镇，但是很美丽。当我还小的时候，我喜欢在河里抓鱼，河水是如此的干净以至于我能看到河里的鱼。由于抵挡不住对家乡的思念，上周，我回到了家乡，我发现我记忆中的城市再也不是它原来的样子了。树没以前的多，道路变得宽阔，然而河道却变得窄些了，我看到河中有一些死掉的鱼，河水是如此的脏，河流污染是如此的严重!我无法相信眼前的一切，美丽的家乡被污染给破坏了，人们的贪念导致了这个结果，他们为了追求利益，不惜以牺牲环境为代价。我希望人们能注意保护环境，这也是在保护他们自己。

It is a fact that college is becoming more and more expensive and college life is becoming especially hard for the students who were born in needy families. However, there are several ways in which these students can cover their tuition that their parents are not able to afford. Finding a part-time job, for example, is an ideal way. Besides, one can ask the bank for a loan and repay it when he has the ability. Finally, one can seek assistance from the society.

For me, earning tuition by doing part-time jobs is the most suitable way. First, I learn to be independent both mentally and economically in this way. Apart from this, I no longer need to wor-ry my parents with so heavy a burden. Finally, since I earn my own living, I will be more confi-dent with myself and, therefore, I can live a busy but meaningful college life.

今天早上起床，我洗漱了一下，吃了饭，到了中午我去楼下玩。

一下午我看到我的朋友们在放鞭炮，我也闻到了浓浓的火药味，那味可真是呛啊！我们玩的周围都是火药味。尽管有那么呛，但还是有许多人下去玩，继续放鞭炮。我因为感到太呛，所以就跑上楼写作业去了。连续好几天都是那样，只有朋友叫我的时候我才下去玩一会。他们问我：“你这几天怎么不下去玩呢？”我说：“难道你们这几天在楼下玩都感觉不到很呛吗？我是因为你们这样放鞭炮把空气污染了，我感到很呛，所以不想下去。”

我想我如果少放一些鞭炮，空气就是会少一些污染了吧！

Health, surrounded by, smog, anything but, gases, impurities, absorb, poisonous, try hard, blacked out.

We all know that clean air is important to good health. Wherever you go and whatever you do, you are always surrounded by a sea of gases that we call air.

If there are impurities in the air, they may be absorbed by our bodies and make us ill.

We need clean air, but unfortunately, air pollution is globally present, especially in cities.

Many large cities are anything but pollution-free. Our cities have many factories, which we need to make food, clothing and other things.

Every year these factories pour millions upon millions of tons of smog into air.

Power plants and houses that burn coal add greatly to air pollution. Besides, there are more cars in cities now.

Once out on the streets, they will take in fresh air and replace it with poisonous gases.

Our country is trying hard to prevent and control air pollution. As long as every citizen also realizes its importance and makes join efforts, the day will come soon when people will take in only clean air.

Then, the sunlight will no longer be blackened out by smoke and soot.

each year there is an increasing number of cars on the roads as millions of new cars are produced. one out of six americans works at making cars, driving trucks, building roads or filling up gas. americans couldnt live without cars!

most americans would find it hard to imagine life without a car. however, some have realized the serious problem of air pollution caused by cars. the polluted air becomes poisonous and dangerous to health.

one way to get rid of the polluted air is to make a car without pollution. but to build a clean car is easier said than done. progress in this field is slow.

another way is to replace car engines with something else. inventors are now working on steam cars as well as electric cars. many makers believe that it will take years to develop a practical model for us.

to prevent the world from being polluted by cars, we have to make some changes in our lives. americans, for example, have to cut down on the number of their total cars.they are encouraged to use bicycles, which are thought to help keep the air clean.

污染环境的英语作文应该要如何写呢？以下便是小编为大家整理的污染环境的英语作文范文，希望能给大家带来帮助。

污染环境的英语作文【1】

I read a piece of news recently. It says that in Japan marly businessmen ave selling fresh air to customers.and now it is becoming more and more popular. Why?——Fresh air is getting less and less in Japan, and so is it in the U. S. A.

In fact, environmental pollution is a very serious problem the whole world is facing.

it is mainly caused by the waste products released from artificial substances, industrial production and increased consumption of goods. Bedsides, the use of chemical substances in agriculture also causes environmental pollution. Look at the sky, you can see that dense smoke is being released from the high and big chimneys; those dirty and poisonous substances are flowing into the rivers that we use for drinking water and millions of tons of waste products are heaping around us.

How to change this condition?More and more countries are trying to work out some effective means to bring it under control, but no great success has been made.

污染环境的英语作文【2】

The picture shows the pollution caused by chimneys of the factories in cities. Often, the sky is covered by large clouds of smoke from chimneys. The air is nearly suffocating, especially in the evening as it becomes cold and the smoke is spreading everywhere. The scene reminds us of the end of the world.

From the picture we can infer that the drawer of the picture intends to convey to the readers that unplanned factories has brought about great hazards to the city air condition. Due to planning mistakes, factories were usually placed in the center of cities, among residential and business districts. Besides, nearly every block has several chimneys for the heating system, which makes the whole city immersed in thick columns of smoke. As a result, respiratory diseases have been reported to be rising and old people dying of the worsening air pollution.

Pollution is really a hot issue in the world. If we don’t take useful measures, we may live in terrible surroundings, and some unexpected results may come out in the end. So, what we should do is to bring down the problems caused by chimneys. For one thing, factories with chimneys should be moved out of the center of the city and it should be made sure that the waste gases are at least not poisonous. For another, other means of heating should be developed to stop using coal. In a word, in the city there should be no coal, no chimney, and no smoke to pollute the air.

污染环境的英语作文【3】

It is reported that ten big cities in China are being ranked among the top twenty cities with the highest pollution index in the world. This means it is high time we did something to bring the situation under control.

Many factors are contributing to the deteriorating situation: industrial wastes pumped into the air, the lakes and rivers; a increasing number of automobiles crowding into the streets; the widespread use of plastic bags etc.

To my view, stiffer laws and regulations must be implemented to check pollution. Industries that release wastes without permission should be heavily fined. Cars should be equipped to minimize the exhaust they release into the air. And the use of plastic bags and disposable meal boxes should be banned. What’s more, the media should play an important role in implanting a sense of environmental consciousness into people’s mind.

If everybody works toward a common goal of making the environment better, we can create a cleaner and lovelier world for us and for the coming generation.

industrial pollution is the industrial production process of the formation of gas, waste water and solid emissions on the environment pollution. industrial pollution is mainly concentrated in a few industries. paper, chemical, steel, electricity, food, mining, textile and other seven sectors accounted for the total wastewater discharge 4 / 5. paper and food industry accounts for cod emissions of cod emissions 2 / 3, non-ferrous metallurgical industry, heavy metal emissions of heavy metals emissions account for nearly 1 / 2. industrial pollution is the industrial enterprises in the production process, including human biological survival and reproduction of the natural environment against. pollution is mainly from the production of the "three wastes" (waste water, waste gas, waste) and all kinds of noise caused can be divided into water pollution, air pollution, waste pollution, noise pollution.

industrial pollution hazard. first, a large number of industrial production in the discharge of untreated water, gas, slag and other hazardous waste, it will seriously damage the ecological balance of agriculture and natural resources on the development of agricultural production caused great harm; second, industrial "three wastes" of the industry production itself is also very serious hazards, toxic pollutants can corrode pipes, damaged equipment, affecting plant life, etc.; third, environmental pollution, rampant pollution, directly endangering the health of the masses; also some contamination is not easy to find, after the damage that has very serious

Environmental Pollution

the problem of pollution, cause, artificial substances, release, waste products, industrial production, consumption of goods, bring it under control, agriculture, chemicalsubstancea.

Environmental Pollution

I read a piece of news recently. It says that in Japan marly businessmen ave selling fresh air to customers.and now it is becoming more and more popular. Why? --Fresh air is getting less and less in Japan, and so is it in the U. S. A.

In fact, environmental pollution is a very serious problem the whole world is facing.

it is mainly caused by the waste products released from artificial substances, industrial

production and increased consumption of goods. Bedsides, the use of chemical substances

in agriculture also causes environmental pollution.Look at the sky, you can see that dense smoke is being released from the high and big chimneys; those dirty and poisonous substances are flowing into the rivers that we use for drinking water and millions of tons of waste products are heaping around us.

How to change this condition? More and more countries are trying to work out some effective means to bring it under control, but no great success has been made.

环境污染

最近我读了一则消息说在日本，许多商人向顾客出售新鲜空气，现在这种情况越演越烈。为什么呢? 因为在日本新鲜空气越来越少，在美国也是如此。

事实上，环境污染是整个世界正在面临的一个严重问题。这主要是由于人造物质，工业生产过程中所产生的废料以及消费商品的增长造成的。另外，在农业中使用化学物品也造成了环境污染。看看天空，你可以看到浓烟从高大的烟囱中释放出来，这些脏而有毒的物质流入我们赖以饮水的河流，数百万吨废物正堆积在我们周围。 中国大学排名

怎样改变这种状况呢？越来越多的国家正在试图拟定出一些有效措施控制环境污染，但至今成效不大。

Pollution is harmful to human beings. Polluted water causes many kinds of diseases such as diarrhea, enteritis, etc. And sometimes these diseases even take man’s life. Dirty air or air-borne garbage causes stinging eyes and running nose. Pollutants are destructive. They cause runs in nylon stockings and crack rubber tires and they eat away at stone and rust iron.

Measures have been taken to control pollution. In recent years, legislative steps have been introduced to control pollution. Rivers are being cleaned. Air is purified, and pollutants are being trapped before they are poured out of chimneys.

However, pollution problems have not been completely solved. Pesticides are widely used almost everywhere. They pollute soil, water and food. They have the power to make our streams fishless and our gardens and woodlands silent and birdless. Some factories are still using air as a dumping place for wastes. Some lakes are still dirty. Quite a few chimneys are still pouring smoke into air and noise pollution remains serious.

空气污染是空气中某些物质的含量超过正常含量时，形成危害动、植物，影响其生存的现象。大气中C0、NH3、SO2、H2S、Cl2、03和N02等物质的正常含量均在百万分之一以下，对动、植物没有明显的不良影响。但19世纪以来，由于工业和交通运输的发展，那些物质大量排入大气，使空气污染日趋严重，影响到动、植物生命活动乃至人体健康。

污染物的来源，有的来自自然界（如火山喷出的烟灰），有的来自人类活动，其中工业、交通运输产生的废气是主要的污染源。空气污染可分为气体污染物和气溶胶状污染物两大类。气体污染物包括SO2，、03，、氮的氧化物以及碳氢化合物等；气溶胶污染物包括固体粒子（粉尘、烟尘气）和液体粒子（烟雾、雾气）两类。直接向空气中排放的污染物质，叫一次污染物。空气与污染物之间相互作用，产生反应，或空气中光化学反应引起的污染物变质所产生的新污染物，叫二次染物。

空气污染物种类很多，其中对农业威胁较大的约有十多种，如SO2、 HF、C12和光化学烟雾等。 气象条件对空气污染物的影响，水平风速和对流层高度是影响大气稀释空气污染物能力的两个气象要素。当农田上空主导风向来自污染源时，农田容易受有害气体的危害；风力强弱则影响空气污染物的扩散速度、污染物在空气中的浓度与平均风速成反比；通常午后湍流强，空气处于不稳定状态时，有利于扩散。夜间晴朗无风，近地面逆温层可使污染物在地面上停滞积聚，加剧空气污染的程度。另外，在准静止的高气压系统中，由于下沉逆温阻止下层排放的污染物扩散到大气上层，可形成近几百米厚的污染层。各国多次发生的严重空气污染事件大都是在低逆温层、风速小和无雨的气象条件出现几天之后形成的。

空气中一些污染物例，如SO2和悬浮于空气中的农药颗粒等，经雨水淋溶落到地面，又可污染土壤和植株。污染物对植物的危害，一般是通过气孔进入植物组织，干扰酶的作用，阻碍代谢机能，有的有毒物质在体内还可进一步分解或参与合成过程，产生新的有害物质，侵害细胞组织，抑制光合作用，使生长受阻、产量降低、品质变劣。其危害分为急性、慢性和不可见危害等。高浓度污染物造成急性伤害，引起产量显著下降，低浓度污染物，在长时间作用下，造成慢性危害，一般症状不明显。不可见危害只造成生理上的障碍，一般没有症状。

植物受空气污染危害的程度，主要受下列因素影响：污染物浓度和植物接触它的时间；植物本身的构造和所处的发育期以及环境条件的影响。如充足的光照，适宜的温度、良好的供水和空气湿润，较高的C02浓度等，都能导致叶片气孔开放，易受污染危害。 植物对大气的净化功能。不少植物具有一种以酶作催化剂的潜在解毒力，能够分解一些有毒物质，或形成一些大分子络合物，暂时可以降低毒性。1公顷森林，每年可吸滞灰尘30多吨，1公顷柳杉林，每年可吸收700多公斤S02，柑桔树的叶子可吸收储存硫达1％，青杨和桑树具有较强的吸收铅尘的能力，加拿大杨、银杏、榆树、梧桐、桉树等都是较好的“天然吸尘器”。草坪的吸附粉尘能力比裸露地面大几十倍。因此环境科学的任务之一，是要充分发挥植物净化大气的作用。选择吸收污染能力强的植物，扩大造林绿化面积，根据污染源位置、污染物汇集区的地形地势、风向和污染气体的季节分配，统一考虑构成一种包围式或隔离式的林带，使含尘气流在移动中途被树林吸收。另方面要研究采取控制或减少排放污染物的措施，以保证大气质量符合规定的标准。