0

高考英语作文佳句摘抄大全【热门20篇】

寒假的时候,很多同学会写日记的。下面小编为大家收集了英语日记翻译100字,欢迎阅读!

浏览

2235

作文

697

高考的英语满分作文

全文共 1054 字

+ 加入清单

面对中学生出国热,社会对此有不同的看法。请你以Studying Abroad为题.

根据以下提供的信息,谈谈自己的看法。

Advantages Disadvantages

1.良好的语言环境,更利于语言学习。

2.拓宽视野,学习国外先进的科学技术。

3.传播各民族间的不同文化。 1.年纪小,缺乏生活经验,自理能力差。

1. 情感孤独,思乡。2. 生活学习费用高。

注意:1)第一句已为你写好,不计入总词数。 2)词数100 左右。

3)参考词汇:媒介,中间人 mediator

Studying Abroad

In recent years, studying abroad has been popular.

Studying Abroad

In recent years, studying abroad has been popular. Tens of thousands of Chinese students have gone to foreign countries to study. Many people are trying their best to apply to go abroad.

There are many advantages in attending schools abroad. First, students who have studied abroad can act as mediators between people of different cultures. Second, we can learn much more advanced knowledge of science and technology from foreign countries. Third, we can learn foreign languages more quickly.

However, there are some disadvantages. Most of the students are too young to live by themselves without any living experience. Besides, being far away from their home country, they may feel lonely and homesick. Of course the costs are much.

[一篇高考英语满分作文

展开阅读全文

更多相似作文

篇1:2024高考英语作文万能模板:关于时间的名言

全文共 979 字

+ 加入清单

Time brings the truth to light.

(时间使真相大白。或时间一到,真理自明)

Time and chance reveal all secrets.

(时间与机会能提示一切秘密)

Time consecrates: what is gray with age becomes religion.

(时间考验一切,经得起时间考验的就为人所信仰)

Time is money.

(时间就是金钱或一寸光阴一寸金)

Time flies.

(光阴似箭,日月如梭)

Time has wings.

(光阴去如飞)

Time is a file that wears and makes no noise.

(光阴如锉,细磨无声)

Time stays not the fools leisure.

(时间不等闲逛的傻瓜)

ime and I against any two.

(和时间携起手来,一人抵两人)

Time is life and when the idle man kills time, he kills himself.

(时间就是生命,懒人消耗时间就是消耗自己的生命。或时间就是生命,节省时间,就是延长生命)

Time spent in vice or folly is doubly lost.

(消磨于恶习或愚行的时间是加倍的损失)

Time undermines us.

(光阴暗中催人才。或莫说年纪小人生容易老)

Time and tide wait for no man.

(岁月不待人)

Time cannot be won again.

(时间一去不再来)

Time is , time was , and time is past.

(现在有时间,过去有时间,时间一去不复返)

Time lost can not be recalled.

(光阴一去不复返)

Time flies like an arrow , and time lost never returns.

(光阴似箭,一去不返)

Time tries friends as fire tries gold.

(时间考验朋友,烈火考验黄金)

Time tries truth.

(时间检验真理)

Time is the father of truth.

(时间是真理之父)

Time will tell.

(时间能说明问题)

展开阅读全文

篇2:2024年重庆高考英语作文题目:用英文给WWF写一封信

全文共 448 字

+ 加入清单

2013年重庆高考英语作文题目:用英文给WWF写一封

写作一(满分15分)

请结合材料,按要求用英文写作。

A mother said,"My son is always on the phone, sleeping,out with his friends,or in his room He never has time to talk to me."

要求:(1)就此材料发表你的看法;

(2)紧扣材料,有明确的观点;

(3)词数不少于60;

(4)在答题卡上作答。

写作二(满分20分)

调查显示,中国长江江豚(finless porpoise)受人类活动影响而濒临灭绝,目前总数不足1000只。假设你是李华,现请用英文给WWF(世界自然保护基金组织)写一封信,请他们关注这一状况并提供帮助。内容应包括:

1.说明写信的目的

2.简述江豚现状

3.希望WWF如何帮助(比如:资助江豚保护项目等)

4.表示感谢并期待回复

注意:

(1)词数不少于80

(2)在答题卡上作答;

(3)书信格式及开头均已给出(不计入总词数)。

展开阅读全文

篇3:高考英语作文必备的谚语分享

全文共 1533 字

+ 加入清单

笨鸟先飞早入林

Clumsy birds have to start flying early。

冰冻三尺,非一日之寒

It takes more than one cold day for the river to freeze threefeet deep。

OR:

The ground is frozen three feet deep --a rather longprocess。

长江后浪推前浪

In the Changjiang River the waves behind drive on thosebefore。

滴水穿石

Constant dripping wears away a stone。

光阴似箭,日月如梭

Light travels like an arrow, and time like a shuttle。

老马识途

An old horse knows the way。

麻雀虽小,五脏俱全

The sparrow may be small but it has all the vital organs。

青出于蓝而胜于蓝

Indigo blue is estracted from the indigo plant, but is bluer thanthe plant it comes from。

山外有山,天外有天

There are mountains beyond mountains, and heavens beyondheavens。

山重水覆疑无路,柳暗花明又一村

A sudden glimpse of hope in the dark mist of bewilderment,it`s along lane that has no turning。

万事开头难

The first step is always difficult。

万丈高楼平地起

High buildings rise from the ground。

有利必有弊

Everything has its advantages as well as disadvantages。

机不可失,时不再来

Don`t lose a golden opportunity, it is never foud again。

谋事在人,成事在天

Man proposes, God disposes。

人逢喜事精神爽

People are in high spirits when involved in happy events。

人生如梦

Life is but like a passing dream。

仁者见仁,智者见智

A true man loves the mountains, a wise man loves the sea。

人非圣贤,孰能无过

All men but saints are apt to make mistakes。

失败是成功之母

Failure is the mother of success。

一失足成千古恨

A single slip can cause a lasting sorrow。

有所不为,而后有所为

You must be able to refrain yourself in some matters in order toaccomplish others。

饮水不忘挖井人

Don`t forget the well – diggers when you drink from thiswell

己所不欲,勿施于人

Don`t do to others what you don`t want others to do to you 。

[高考英语作文必备谚语分享

展开阅读全文

篇4:高考作文素材摘抄

全文共 533 字

+ 加入清单

一件难忘的事

我的记忆就像天上的星星那么多,数都数不清,但是有一件事让我记忆犹新的还是我第一次坐车上学。

在我一年级时,因为家离学校比较远,爷爷奶奶身体不好,爸爸每天要出车,妈妈就每天我送到学校,然后自己返回去上班,有时候时间来不及上班还会迟到,我非常心疼妈妈。

有一次,我对妈妈说:“妈妈,明天不如让我自己去上学!”妈妈说:“为什么呢?你自己上学我可不放心。”我对妈妈说:“妈妈,您每天都那么忙,还要起早床先送我上学然后再敢去上班,我觉得妈妈很辛苦,我自己一个人可以上学,这样您就不用来回跑了:”妈妈说:“咦,我的宝贝长大了,也懂事了。那好吧,既然你觉得自己可以,那妈妈就相信你虽然有点担心,但总有一天你要独立的,那就明天试试?”

第二天,妈妈把我送上了公交车上,我要一直坐到终点站才能下车,汽车估计开了50分钟左右终于到站了,我一下车发现妈妈已经等在车站了,原来妈妈还是不放心先骑车过来在这等着了。妈妈看到我把我抱在怀里开心的亲了我一口说:“我的宝贝真棒,这么小都可以自己坐车上学了。”

就这样有了第一次坐车上学的经历,每次妈妈上早班的时候就不用担心没人送我上学了。虽然刚开始的时候心里还是有些害怕的,但是人总要学会成长,凡事都必须踏出第一步。

这就是我成长中的一个小故事。

展开阅读全文

篇5:2024高考英语作文素材:关于圣诞节

全文共 920 字

+ 加入清单

In winter, when I was not aware of, quietly coming. Christmas day, the happy holiday, without slipping away again. Christmas is a fairy tale, inside it there is a beautiful story. And my favorite, it is the more beautiful, more moving "Santa Claus" fairy tale.

Tiny, mom and dad told me: "the night before Christmas, Santa Claus will send Christmas gifts to the children. However, Santa Claus will only send to obedient child, not obedient child, can not receive." Around Christmas, therefore, I will be very obedient, clever, just for get the so-called Christmas gifts. Young, I never know that this is just a mom and dad in order to satisfy my little wish and make up a white lie.

冬天,在我还没有察觉到的时候,悄悄地来临了;圣诞节,这个快乐的节日,不经儿又悄悄地溜走了。圣诞节,是童话,它里面蕴藏着一个个美丽的故事。而我最爱的,是那个更美丽、更动人的“圣诞老人”的童话。

很小很小的时候,爸爸妈妈就告诉我:“在圣诞夜里,圣诞老人会给小朋友们送圣诞礼物。不过,圣诞老人只会送给听话的孩子,不听话的孩子,可收不到哦。”因此,在圣诞节前后,我都会很听话、乖巧,为的只是得到那所谓的圣诞礼物。年幼的我,却不曾知道,这只是爸爸妈妈为了满足我那小小心愿而编出的善意的谎言。

展开阅读全文

篇6:2024年高考英语作文预测我的老师

全文共 1936 字

+ 加入清单

A pair of jiongjiongweishen eyes flashing the light of wisdom, jet-black hair and a ponytail, cherry small mouth, his eyebrows thin and long, warm personality, of medium height. Who is she? She is the Chinese teacher of our class: miss huang.

The rooster oh oh, miss huang has come to the classroom. When we got to the classroom, teacher huang changes already done half of the work.

The class began, the teacher and the students listened attentively, while students listen with relish, suddenly, a classmate yell: "have a nosebleed!" This attracted the attention of the students. Miss huang hurriedly walked over, pulling the nosebleeds classmate, go to the infirmary to stop the bleeding. The teacher with the check up blood students to the classroom. Back to the classroom, the teacher huang has been sweating like a pig. The teacher didnt take it seriously, to continue to our class, we see in the eye, hide in the heart. Admire pleasantly surprised, by the spirit of the teacher selfless dedication.

At the end of the class, the teacher let us self-study, she also not idle, in the classroom, if we have not understand place, can always ask her. Finally, the teacher said: "the classmates, I love you, because you are all my children".

The teacher say that finish, the classroom was silent, who also didnt think the teacher would say, come over for a long time, everyone seems to be about as if, simultaneous said: "teacher, we love you, too."

We saw the teacher smiled, although it is light.

一双炯炯有神的眼睛中闪着智慧的光芒,乌黑发亮的头发,扎着马尾辫,樱桃小嘴,眉毛又细又长,性格温和,中等身材。她是谁?她就是我们班的语文老师:黄老师。

公鸡喔喔叫,黄老师已经到了教室里了。我们到教室里的时候,黄老师已经改好了一半的作业。

开始上课了,老师讲课,同学们全神贯注地听着,正当同学听得津津有味的时候,突然,一个同学大喊:“有人流鼻血了!”这引起了同学们的注意。黄老师连忙走过去,拉着这位流鼻血的同学,去医务室止血。老师带着那位止好了血的同学直奔教室。回到教室,黄老师已经汗流浃背了。老师没把这件事当一回事,继续为我们上课,我们看在眼里,藏在心里。被老师的精神佩服的五体投地,无私奉献。

快下课的时候,老师让我们自习,她也不闲着,在教室里走来走去,假如我们有不懂的地方,可以随时问她。最后,老师说:“同学们,我爱你们,因为你们都是我的孩子”。

老师说完,教室一片寂静,谁也没想到老师会这么说,过来好久,大家好像约好似的,同声回答说:“老师,我们也爱你。”

我们看见老师露出了笑容,虽然是淡淡的。

展开阅读全文

篇7:成人高考专升本英语作文征文稿OntheInternet

全文共 687 字

+ 加入清单

【提要】成人高考英语作文高考信息 : 2017成人高考专升本英语作文范文:征文稿

在日常生活中,因特网起着越来越重要的作用。请根据下表所给提示英文为某英文报纸写一篇题为On the Internet 的征文稿。

On the Internet

The internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life. On the net, we can learn news both at home and abroad and all kinds of other information as well. We can also send messages by E-mail, make phone calls, go to net school, read various kinds of books and learn foreign languages by ourselves. Besides, we can enjoy music, watch sports or matches and play chess or cards. On the net, we can even do shopping, have a chat with others and make friends with them. In a word, the Internet has made our life more colorful.

[成人高考专升本英语作文征文稿On the Internet

展开阅读全文

篇8:夏天佳句摘抄

全文共 1781 字

+ 加入清单

1、夏日的绿,在天地间挥毫泼墨,在蓝天白云下,描绘着一幅幅多彩多姿的画卷。映入眼里的或墨绿,或清绿,都完全地脱了鹅黄的底子,它是这般的葱茏和葳蕤着,不再浅薄、不再稚嫩,浓浓的把生命的层次极尽展现。它充满激情地吸纳着烈烈的阳光,悠悠的呼吐出纯纯的气息,让你在这样绿的庇护中,神清气爽,尽享清凉。

2、夏日的晴空是灿烂的,天是那样的蓝,日光是那样的强烈,天上地下处于一片耀眼的光明之中。一年中,数夏天的太阳最勤劳,一大早就起身了,清晨五、六点钟就已晨光熹微,晚上六七点钟,眼看月亮就要把它排挤掉了,可勤劳的太阳还逗留着,迟迟不“下班”。

3、夏天的花非常鲜艳、烂漫、缤纷,玫瑰、百合、马兰等等,尤其是马兰花,有比钢笔水还要深的蓝色,非常好看,庄稼长势喜人,玉米又高又大,小麦也已经长高了,看到了这幅画面,简直太美了!

4、夏天的骄阳十分炎热,就像火碳一样,很刺眼。夏天的风也热热的,感觉不到凉爽的气息。夏天也是个多雨的季节,夏天的暴雨细细密密的,像硬币那么大,低头一看,哇!地面的雨水像河一样,在市里的马路上看到了土黄土黄的一片汪洋。

5、夏天的山,崇山峻岭,连绵起伏,非常壮观,真是山清水秀!夏天的树非常茂盛,郁郁葱葱,也是乘凉的好地方。夏天的草长得很高,都没过我们小朋友的头了,真惊奇,小草一点点生长,变得越来越茂盛。

6、夏天的夜色,总是挂着迷人的色彩,有点深沉却带着浪漫。天空的云朵在晚霞的映射下,五彩缤纷,幽悠的明艳着自己的美丽。那高悬着银镜似的圆月,把那如水的清辉漫漫倾泻,在蛙鸣虫啁中,繁星调皮的眨着眼,快乐的欣赏着婆娑的树影。这时,习习的凉风便把昼日里的烦与忧轻轻的弥散开来。

7、一望无际的天空漂浮着朵朵白云,清晨的阳光普照着大地,轻风吹来,令人神清气爽。万物自由地生长着,显得格外美丽。

8、远看那连绵起伏的青山,如同一条滔滔的江水一样,连绵不绝。近看那一碧千里的绿毯,一阵凉风吹来,绿毯好似泛起了微波,是那么的生机盎然。

9、在夏天中,翩翩起舞的昆虫又是一道亮丽的风景。美丽的蝴蝶舞动着漂亮的翅膀飞来飞去;蜻蜓也很多:有红尾巴的、花翅膀的、大脑袋的……令我惊异的是有两只连在一起的,也许,它们是双胞胎兄弟姐妹,要不然怎么那么亲密呢!

10、在夏天中,我还喜欢芙蓉花和夫妻海棠。它们开的每一朵花,犹如万绿丛中一点红。芙蓉花是粉红色的,呈伞形。夫妻海棠是桔色的,呈翅膀形,好像一个天使在花蕊中长大。

11、早上,晴空万里,云雾漫天,太阳公公把一切都镀上上 了一层层金黄色。一群群美丽的小鸟在绿树上欢蹦乱跳,叽叽喳喳地唱歌。

12、我爱夏天,因为我可以在暑假里去海滩边玩耍。我去海边拾贝壳,五颜六色的贝壳在阳光的照耀下变得五光十色,让我看得应接不暇。我在沙滩上玩沙子,用沙子堆成小山和城堡,我还在城堡上插了一面小的五星红旗呢!我可以站在海边听海浪的声音,一阵阵海风吹来,使我感到心旷神怡。

13、那好像绸带的小河弯弯曲曲地流着,你听那“哗啦,哗啦”的声音多么动听啊,还不时发出“叮咚,叮咚”的跳跃声,好似为河水乐队伴奏,奏起那夏天的赞歌。

14、牡丹披红衣,百合穿黄衫,牵牛着紫袍……七色奔放的彩裙令人赏心悦目,最美的要数荷花仙子了,她们穿上清爽的粉红或白色的盛装,亭亭玉立。大树叶更浓了,为人们撑起深绿的大伞。大街上到处都流动着五颜六色的太阳伞,飘逸着色泽艳丽的迷你裙。沙滩上更有绚丽的色彩——那一把把立着的大遮阳伞,一张张休闲椅,数不清的泳客,还有手球水枪水床求生圈,五彩缤纷,加上沙滩上美丽的贝壳,雨后的彩虹,简直无法让眼睛停下来休息。

15、慢慢地,她走进了校园。天真的孩子们开心地投入夏天的拥抱,以按串串百灵鸟歌声一样的笑声来迎接她。校园里,一把把印着米老鼠的小花伞陆续撑了起来;一双娇小的脚丫拍打着水花,多惬意呀!有些有创意的小朋友高举着小伞,快速地旋转着伞。打到水泥上的雨水纷纷飞溅出去,溅起那一潭潭可爱的笑声。

16、绿毯上还有婀娜多姿的花儿在清风徐来之时,舞动着身子,跳起了优美的舞姿,让人连声叫好,掌声沸腾。两只活泼可爱的梅花鹿便喝水边说话谈笑,还不时唱歌打闹,好不热闹。

17、缓缓地,她迈入了田野。田野里处处飞舞着她靓丽的身影。她快乐地与田野伯伯嬉戏着,水花溅得好高,恰如她那清泉般的笑容。“哗啦哗啦”雨大了起来,不正是她那银铃般的笑声吗?哦,夏天——率真。

展开阅读全文

篇9:2024年高考英语写作素材:常用句型

全文共 3937 字

+ 加入清单

掌握一些常用句型高考英语写作尤为重要。下面是语文迷网整理的句型,大家一起来看看吧。

一、开头句型

1.As far as ...is concerned

2.It goes without saying that...

3.It can be said with certainty that...

4.As the proverb says,

5.It has to be noticed that...

6.It`s generally recognized that...

7.It`s likely that ...

8.It`s hardly that...

9.It’s hardly too much to say that...

10.What calls for special attention is that...需要特别注意的是

11.There’s no denying the fact that...毫无疑问,无可否认

12.Nothing is more important than the fact that...

13.what’s far more important is that...

二、衔接句型

A case in point is ...

As is often the case...

As stated in the previous paragraph 如前段所述

But the problem is not so simple. Therefore 然而问题并非如此简单,所以……

But it’s a pity that...

For all that...In spite of the fact that...

Further, we hold opinion that...

However , the difficulty lies in...

Similarly, we should pay attention to...

not(that)...but(that)...不是,而是

In view of the present station.鉴于目前形势

As has been mentioned above...

In this respect, we may as well (say) 从这个角度上我们可以说

However, we have to look at the other side of the coin, that is... 然而我们还得看到事物的另一方面,即 …

三、结尾句型

I will conclude by saying...

Therefore, we have the reason to believe that...

All things considered,总而言之

It may be safely said that...

Therefore, in my opinion, it’s more advisable...

From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that….

The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that….

It can be concluded from the discussion that...从中我们可以得出这样的结论

From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来……也许更好

四、举例句型

Let’s take...to illustrate this.试举例以兹证明

let’s take the above chart as an example to illustrate this.

Here is one more example.

Take … for example.

The same is true of….

This offers a typical instance of….

We may quote a common example of….

Just think of….

五、常用于引言段的句型

1. Some people think that …. To be frank, I can not agree with their opinion for the reasons below.

2. For years, … has been seen as …, but things are quite different now.

3. I believe the title statement is valid because….

4. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that …. I believe….

5. My argument for this view goes as follows.

6. Along with the development of…, more and more….

7. There is a long-running debate as to whether….

8. It is commonly/generally/widely/ believed /held/accepted/recognized that….

9. As far as I am concerned, I completely agree with the former/ the latter.

10. Before giving my opinion, I think it is essential to look at the argument of both sides.

六、表示比较和对比的常用句型和表达法

1. A is completely / totally / entirely different from B.

2. A and B are different in some/every way / respect / aspect.

3. A and B differ in….

4. A differs from B in….

5. The difference between A and B is/lies in/exists in….

6. Compared with/In contrast to/Unlike A, B….

7. A…, on the other hand,/in contrast,/while/whereas B….

8. While it is generally believed that A …, I believe B….

9. Despite their similarities, A and B are also different.

10. Both A and B …. However, A…; on the other hand, B….

11. The most striking difference is that A…, while B….

七、演绎法常用的句型

1. There are several reasons for…, but in general, they come down to three major ones.

2. There are many factors that may account for…, but the following are the most typical ones.

3. Many ways can contribute to solving this problem, but the following ones may be most effective.

4. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.

5. The reasons are as follows.

八、因果推理法常用句型

1. Because/Since we read the book, we have learned a lot.

2. If we read the book, we would learn a lot.

3. We read the book; as a result / therefore / thus / hence / consequently / for this reason / because of this, we’ve learned a lot.

4. As a result of /Because of/Due to/Owing to reading the book, we’ve learned a lot.

5. The cause of/reason for/overweight is eating too much.

6. Overweight is caused by/due to/because of eating too much.

7. The effect/consequence/result of eating too much is overweight.

8. Eating too much causes/results in/leads to overweight.

展开阅读全文

篇10:2024高考英语预测作文:关于环保话题

全文共 4984 字

+ 加入清单

高考将至,环保作文已成为社会热点。小编整理了几篇相关环保的英语话题作文,快来看看吧。

英语环保作文预测

最近,你是吴明,和笔友李华都很关注“可持续发展”的话题。现在你写一封信给他,谈谈江苏的省情,介绍耕地的使用及保护的情况。

词数:150左右。信的开头号和结尾已经给出。必须包含以下要点:

1、江苏是我国经济发达的省份之一,位于我国的东部,人口多,占地少。

人口:7000多万;土地面积:10多万平方公里。自然资源贫乏。

2、随着经济的发展和人口的增长,越来越多的良田被征用来建造住房和工厂。耕地面积逐年减少。

3、人们正认识到保护耕地的重要性,政府积极采取措施禁止非法用地。

4、保护土地资源,是每个公民应尽义务,也是造福子孙后代的需要。

Dear Li Hua,

How are you? With this letter I’d like to introduce my hometown—Jiangsu Province to you .Situated in the east of China, Jiangsu is one of the most developed provinces of our country. It is a province with a large population of 70,000,000 but not much farmland for people to live on, and it lacks natural resources with an area of more than 100,000 km2 .

With the development of economy and growth of its population, more and more good farmland has been used to build houses and factories. As a result, farmland is decreasing year by year.

Fortunately people are realizing the importance of protecting farmland and the government has taken measures to stop the illegal use of farmland.

In my opinion, it’s our duty to protect our farmland as well as our obligation to benefit the younger generations.

Looking forward to your reply.

Best wishes.

Yours

英语环保作文预测二

假如你是李华,你的笔友Mike从电视上得知前段时间北京多个地方出现雾霾(haze),非常担心,写E-mail询问有关情况,请回复。回复应包括以下要点:

1.实况描述;

2.对生活造成的影响;

3.成因简析与教训;

4.你个人的情况。

One possible version:

Dear Mike,

Thank you very much for your concern. Last month several places in Beijing were blanketed(覆盖)with thick yellow fog. Everything around disappeared from our sight. Some highways were closed. Traffic jams were commonly seen in the streets. Many people, especially children .

{C}niors, even found it difficult to breathe. As a result, local hospitals were crowded with people who had problems with their noses and lungs. Part of the cause was the dry weather, but the severely damaged environment contributed a lot to this nightmare. Personally I didn’t get any health problems in the haze because I stayed mostly indoors. But to make a significant change we really have to do more to protect our environment. To live a better life.

Our life have to push on with the economy, but it wound be meaningless if we have to achieve it at the cost of our breathing air.

Regards!

Yours,

Li Hua

英语环保作文预测三

近日你所在的学校开展了“为建设节约型社会献一计”主题活动,同学们提出了许多建议。请你根据以下要点:

1。不浪费粮食和纸张

2。尽量不使用方便筷、塑料袋

3。毕业生将书赠给低年级同学循环使用?

注意:

1。不要逐字翻译,可适当增加细节;

2。词数:120字左右,开头已经为你写好,不计入总词数;

3。参考词汇:方便筷disposable chopsticks

Recently,there has been an activity of “doing your bit for an energy-saving society” in our school. Our schoolmates are highly concerned about the increasing lack of energy and provide their own suggestions.

Some students suggest that we shouldn’t waste any food or paper, though they appear very easy to get. Meanwhile, some other students think it advisable to refuse to use disposable chopsticks and plastic bags. Besides, it is also strongly recommended that those used textbooks as well as reference books of graduates, which are still in good condition, not be thrown but recycled.

Actually, there are still quite a lot that we can easily do: say, try to take buses or ride bicycles instead of driving cars, etc. All of these will definitely help to build an energy-saving society.

关于英语环保作文的句子:

1) To cherish the environment is to love ourselves

2) 爱护环境就是爱护我们自己

3) I make an urgent appeal that measures should be taken to cope with the situation

4) 我急切呼吁应该采取措施改变现状

5) We are sure that we’ll win the battle

6) 我们坚信我们能赢得战斗

7) Keep our mountains green, the water clean, and the sky blue

8) 使我们山更绿,水更清,天更蓝

9) Our earths days are numbered without urgent help

10) 没有及时的帮助我们的地球就屈指可数了

11) (Sth)are bound to generate severe consequences if we keep turning a blink eye to them

12) 如果我们继续睁一只眼闭一只眼的话,一定会有恶劣的后果

13) 近来环保已经引起了全球的关注。

14) Environmental protection has caused global concern recently

15) 我们应该马上采取措施来保护我们的环境免受污染

16) It’s high time we took immediate measures to protect our earth from being polluted

17) 每个人都应该提高保护地球的意识。

18) Everybody should raise the awareness that it’s our duty to protect our mother earth

19) 你不难发现每个人都在伤害地球,然而他们可能自己都没有意识到这一点。

20) You cannot difficultly see that everybody actually is causing damage to the mother earth, which , however, they may not be realizing

21) 无论如何我们不应该牺牲我们的环境来发展我们的经济。

22) On no account should we develop our economy at the cost of our environment

23) 我们不能否认每个人都曾破坏过环境,所以我们不能否认每个人都有责任来保护我们赖以生存的星球。

24) We can’t deny that everybody has done something to damage the nature, so we can’t deny that

25) everybody should take the responsibility for protecting our living planet

26) To cherish the environment is to love ourselves爱护环境就是爱护我们自己Water is the source of our lives水是生命之源

27) I make an urgent appeal that measures should be taken to cope with the situation我急切呼吁应该采取措施改变现状

28) Our government is doing its best to take measures to fight against pollution

29) 我们政府正努力制定措施与污染作斗争

30) We are sure that we’ll win the battle

31) 我们坚信我们能赢得战斗

32) Its high time that we should protect our environment from being polluted

33) 是时候我们应该防止环境污染了

展开阅读全文

篇11:2024年高考英语作文热门话题之四---H7N9流感

全文共 2441 字

+ 加入清单

假设你是李华,从电视上看到H7N9流感仍然在上海流行,并有少部分人因此而丧生,你为你正在上海上学的笔友Anderson的健康与安全担心。请你给他写一封信询问他的情况,并给他提出防护建议。

要点:

1、询问(他的健康状况;人们对流行疾病的反应:是否感到恐惧等) 2、建议(至少三点)

注意:词数:120左右;

Dear Anderson,

_________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 参考范文:

Dear Anderson,

From TV I know there are still many H7N9 flu cases reported recently in Shanghai and some people are even killed as a result. I’m so worried about you. So I’m writing to get to know some information about you. Are you all right ? Are there any H7N9 flu cases

in your school ? Are you still afraid of this widespread disease ? To stay away from the disease, I strongly suggest you doing the following things. Firstly, you’d better stay at home as much as possible and not go to places where there are many people. Then it would be a good idea to wash your hands more often to keep them clean. Besides, open the window to have more fresh air in the room. And last but not least, eat more fruits and vegetables to keep yourself fit and strong. So far the disease is not so deadly as it seems to be. Do be at ease ! Take care and you’ll be OK. Yours, Li Hua

2015年高考英语作文热门话题之五---雾霾 假如你是李华,你的笔友Mike从电视上得知前段时间北京多个地方出现雾霾(haze),非常担心,写E-mail询问有关情况,请回复。回复应包括以下要点: 1.实况描述;

2.对生活造成的影响;

3.成因简析与教训;

4.你个人的情况。

要求:

1.词数100-120;

2.email的开头与结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 Dear Mike,

Thank you very much for your concern. ______________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Regards! Yours, Li Hua

参考范文:

Dear Mike,

Thank you very much for your concern. Last months several places in Beijing were blanketed with thick yellow fog. Everything around disappeared from our sight. Some highways were closed. Traffic jams were commonly seen in the streets. Many people, especially children and seniors, even found it difficult to breathe. As a result, local hospitals were crowded with people who had problems with their noses and lungs. Part of the cause was the dry weather, but the severely damaged environment contributed a lot to this nightmare. Personally I didn’t get any health problems in the haze because I stayed mostly indoors. But to make a significant change we really have to do more to protect our environment. To live a better life we have to push on with the economy, but it wound be meaningless if we have to achieve it at the cost of our breathing air. Regards!

Yours, Li Hua

展开阅读全文

篇12:高考励志英语名言大全

全文共 2776 字

+ 加入清单

对明天做好的准备就是今天做到最好!下面是语文迷为大家整理的高考英语励志名言,希望对你有帮助。

1. A chain is no stronger than its weakest link.链条的坚固程度取决于它最薄弱的环节。

2. Dont part with your illusions . When they are gone you may still exist , but you have ceased to live.(Mark Twain , American writer)不要放弃你的幻想。当幻想没有了以后,你还可以生存,但是你虽生犹死。((美国作家 马克·吐温)

3. If you would go up high , then use your own legs ! Do not let yourselves carried aloft; do not seat yourselves on other peoples backs and heads .(F.W .Nietzsche , German Philosopher)如果你想走到高处,就要使用自己的两条腿!不要让别人把你抬到高处;不要坐在别人的背上和头上。(德国哲学家 尼采。 F. W.)

4. Cease to struggle and you cease to live.(Thomas Carlyle)生命不止,奋斗不息。(卡莱尔)

5. Great works are performed not by strength , but by perseverance.完成伟大的事业不在于体力,而在于坚韧不拔的毅力。

6. Will, work and wait are the pyramidal cornerstones for success.意志工作和等待是成功的金字塔的基石。

7. Behind every successful man theres a lot u unsuccessful years. (Bob Brown)每个成功者的后面都有很多不成功的岁月。(鲍博·布朗)

8. Energy and persistence conquer all things.(Benjamin Franklin)能量加毅力可以征服一切。(富兰克林)

9. Genius only means hard-working all ones life. (Mendeleyev Russian chemist)天才只意味着终身不懈地努力。(俄国化学家 门捷列耶夫)

10. A contented mind is the greatest blessing a man can enjoy in this world.知足是人生在世最大的幸事。

11. The secret of success is constancy to purpose.成功的秘密在于始终如一地忠于目标。

12. Great works are performed not by strengh, but by perseverance.(Samuel Johnson, British writer and critic)完成伟大的事业不在于体力,而在于坚韧不拔的毅力。(英国作家和评论家 约翰逊。 S.)

13. A man can succeed at almost anything for which he has unlimited enthusiasm.无论何事,只要对它有无限的热情你就能取得成功。

14. Dont aim for success if you want it; just do what you love and believe in, and it will come naturally.如果你想要成功,不要去追求成功;尽管做你自己热爱的事情并且相信它,成功自然到来。

15. True mastery of any skill takes a lifetime.对任何技能的掌握都需要一生的刻苦操练。

16. The only limit to our realization of tomorrow will be our doubts of today.实现明天理想的唯一障碍是今天的疑虑。

17. The dictionary is the only place where success comes before work.只有在字典中,成功才会出现在工作之前。

18. Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.(John Ruskin)生活没有目标,犹如航海没有罗盘。(罗斯金)

19. A man can fail many times, but he isnt a failure until he begins to blame somebody else.(J. Burroughs)一个人可以失败很多次,但是只要他没有开始责怪旁人,他还不是一个失败者。(巴勒斯)

20、Kings have long arms.

普天之下,莫非王土。

21、Knowledge is power.

知识就是力量。

21、Knowledge makes humble, ignorance makes proud.

博学使人谦逊,无知使人骄傲。

22、Learn and live.

活着,为了学习。

23、Learning makes a good man better and ill man worse.

好人越学越好,坏人越学越坏。

24、Learn not and know not.

不学无术。

25、Learn to walk before you run.

先学走,再学跑。

26、Let bygones be bygones.

过去的就让它过去吧。

27、Let sleeping dogs lie.

别惹麻烦。

28、Let the cat out of the bag.

泄漏天机。

29、Lies can never changes fact.

谎言终究是谎言。

30、Lies have short legs.

谎言站不长。

31、Life is but a span.

人生苦短。

32、Life is half spent before we know what it is.

人过半生,方知天命。

33、Life is not all roses.

人生并不是康庄大道。

34、Life without a friend is death.

没有朋友,虽生犹死。

35、Like a rat in a hole.

瓮中之鳖。

展开阅读全文

篇13:高考英语满分讲究文明礼仪的倡议书

全文共 949 字

+ 加入清单

为迎接奥运会在中国举行,请写一篇关于讲究文明礼仪倡议书,具体内容包括:

1、讲究文明礼貌是中华民族的传统;

2、面对外国友人应热情大方、彬彬有礼;

3、要坚决杜绝公共场所大声喧哗、拥挤打闹、随地吐痰等不文明行为;

4、奥运即将召开,我们将代表中国形象。

参考词汇:喧哗 uproar

[范文]

My dear fellow students,

The Olympics are just around the corner. Today I want to talk about good manners and courtesy.

We Chinese have always been respected and highly praised for good manners and courtesy, which have, as well, become precious traditions of our people. In a couple of weeks beyond, a large number of foreign friends will come to China to join us in enjoying the Olympics. Before foreign guests, we should have an easy manner and behave politely and warm-heartedly. In public places, such ugly behaviors as uproar, pushing or squeezing together, spitting and so on should be determinedly forbidden. In a sense, each of us will not simply stand for ourselves but stand for China. Therefore, boys and girls, let’s do it well right now and the eyes of the world are to on us!

[高考英语满分作文一篇讲究文明礼仪的倡议书

展开阅读全文

篇14:2024年中考作文素材:佳句摘抄

全文共 1609 字

+ 加入清单

导语:下面是小编收集的一些关于中考作文的素材,供参考,希望能带给您帮助。

2017年中考作文素材之佳句摘抄

一、高度概括、内涵丰富、意蕴隽永、耐人寻味的佳句

品味过去,有苦涩也有甘甜,一朵朵浪花,一缕缕馨香像永不熄灭的圣火,将我的希望之灯点燃,于是又看清了路,向前迈步。

——重庆考生《馨香一缕》

平淡人生也有舞,凡人小事也是歌。成功是心弦弹拨出的进取旋律,成功是平静的情感之湖投进点滴进步所泛起的阵阵涟漪。品味自己哪怕是极小极小的成功吧,无人喝彩又何妨?

——安徽省考生《掌声为自己响起》

冬没有春的繁华,没有夏的张扬,没有秋的丰硕,而她所独有的就是那份圣洁、刚毅、无私的品质。

——山东考生《冬的个性》

是啊,爱心吹散了生命中的阴疆,播撒下绚丽的阳光。如果说幸福是火,爱心就是燃烧;幸福是水,爱心就是流动。爱心和幸福是相依相伴啊!

——荆州考生《把爱心带给他人》

创新是告别过去,创新是把握现在,创新是迎接未来。

——重庆考生《酷》

于是我重整旧的行囊,撑去身上的埃尘,把昔日的虚幻换成凝重,用曾经的坚定在脚下踏出深深的印迹。迈进,向着前方,无悔地迎接那生命中的辉煌,创造那生命的火红!

——河南考生《当我面对朝阳的时候》

我感激自然,感激它那天使般的音符,是它赋予了我如风、如花、如草一样的性格,是它让我陶醉在另一个幸福的世界里。

——益阳考生《感激》

爱心是一个民族最宝贵的灵魂,是一个国家最为坚强的堡垒。只要爱心尚存,无论遭遇多大困难,都能挽狂澜于既倒,挽大厦于将倾。

——荆州考生《把爱心带给他人》

二、开篇明旨或点题的佳句

蔚蓝的星球,不息旋转,壮阔的大海,白浪滔天;涓涓的小河,流过田野、乡村和城镇。这些都是生命活力的表现。

——河北省考生《生命在你手中》

青春的风铃,吹开了心扉,青春的彩笛,吹动了梦想,青春的音符带动我奔向希望。青春,这个美好的季节,正是我们播种希望的时候,珍惜它,把握它,让它在我们手中放出夺目的光彩!

——河北省考生《把握青春》

都说生活的船不能没有理想的帆。

都说生活的理想就是为了理想的生活。

而理想的生活中最快乐的时光,便是梦想的花季。

——荆州市考生《把梦想带给花季》

爱心是冬日里的一缕阳光,驱散了凛冽的寒霜;爱心是汪洋中的航标,指明了新生的希望。

——荆州市考生《把爱心带给他人》

不知是否曾经擦身而过,你轻轻地如天边的一丝薄云,即使可遇而不可求,也带走了我心灵的关注……

——广东省考生《我关注生命中的点滴》

在生活中,每个人都会遇到不如意的事,如遭受挫折,被人误解,受到批评等等。当时感觉,无疑是一道难以逾越的障碍。但是以后蓦然回首,那只不过是人生长河中的一朵浪花,多彩岁月的一缕馨香。

——重庆市考生《馨香缕缕》

人生需要掌声。许多人时常慨叹:知音难求。何为知音,知音难道不是人生中的掌声吗?

——安徽省考生《人生需要掌声》

就像是风对于帆,就像是温度对于种子,就像是阳光雨露对于万物生长,赞美是我们成长过程中不可或缺的精神营养。

——安徽省考生《渴望赞美》

世界上有一种不会凋谢的花朵,那是微笑。它不分四季,不论南北,只要有人群的地方都会开放。越是高洁的心灵,微笑之花越美。

——荆州市考生《把微笑带给生活》

三、篇末点题明旨的佳句

生命是正在燃烧的火焰,在灰烬里同样会放射出光芒,因为生命在你手中,你只要把握好。

——河北省考生《生命在你手中》

青春是什么?青春是希望。青春需要什么?青春需要好好把握。无悔的青春,完美的答卷,把握好它。待到春风吹过时,回想过去,自己认真把握,干好了该干的每一件事,至少这也是对于我们生命的一种交待。将青春握在手中,将希望铭记心头,带着希望与追求,去追求、去奋斗,去创造青春之辉煌。

——河北省考生《把握青春》

让我们行动起来,把爱心带给那些失学儿童,带给那些孤寡老人……带给身边每一个人。当你把爱心献给他人时,你也获得了莫大的幸福。要相信,只要人人献出一份爱,世界将变成美好的人间。

——荆州考生《把爱心带给他人》

展开阅读全文

篇15:高考英语作文的专项训练:任务型写作训练水污染Waterpollution

全文共 2450 字

+ 加入清单

高考英语任务写作训练练习(一)

读写任务(满分25分)

请阅读以下的短文,然后根据提供的任务说明和写作要求, 写一篇150字左右的英语短文。

(任务说明)

1.概括短文的内容要点(该部分的字数大约60-80);

2.清楚地陈述你自己的看法;

3.提供具有一定说服力的论据或实例来支持你的观点,可以参照文中的内容,但不能抄袭文中的句子;

4.文章体裁不限,但必须结构合理,内容连贯,有条理性。

(阅读材料)

Almost everyone knows that water covers three-fourths of the earths surface. Most of it, however, is in the oceans and is too salty to drink. Also, some of it is frozen and cannot be used. In fact, less than one percent is left for the use of people, animals and plant life. All through history men have tried to build their homes near the sources of fresh water. Now fresh water is becoming scarce, but more and more is needed because of the increasing number of people in the world. Some industries also use large amounts of fresh water in the production of things such as steel, petroleum, paper and rubber and so on. Scientists estimate that the need for fresh water will have doubled by the year 2003. If they are correct, we must find new ways of saving it or producing it. Some nations have worked on the problem and are already sharing their information with others. They are trying to keep their rivers from becoming polluted. Deep wells are also being dug, and rain water is being collected in huge artificial lakes. In one way or another, they hope to provide enough water to satisfy the needs of their people.

参考范文

With the worldwide increase of population, more and more water is needed. Meanwhile,the water sources are getting polluted by human beings in one way or another. Some nations are taking measures to solve this problem. They even communicate with each other hoping to find better ways to save and produce water to meet the needs of their people.

随着世界范围内的人口增长,越来越需要更多的水。与此同时,水源被污染,人类以一种方式或另一种方式。一些国家正在采取措施来解决这个问题。他们甚至相互沟通希望能找到更好的方法来保存并生成水来满足人民的需要。

On a personal level, to solve the problem with fresh water, both the government and inpiduals should make every effort. For example, for the government, it is urgent to make detailed laws that require businesses and inpiduals to stop polluting the environment and to save water while it is not necessarily used. Besides, education should be offered to all the citizens to raise their awareness of the importance of protecting environment and saving water. As inpiduals, we need to take action to play our own part in our everyday life.

在个人层面上,用淡水来解决这个问题,政府和个人都应该尽一切努力。例如,对于政府来说,迫在眉睫的是做出详细的法律,要求企业和个人停止污染环境,节约用水,而不一定是使用它。除此之外,教育应该提供给所有的公民提高他们的意识保护环境和节约用水的重要性。作为个人,我们需要采取行动来扮演自己的角色在我们的日常生活。

展开阅读全文

篇16:英语谚语佳句整合

全文共 1247 字

+ 加入清单

a good husband makes a good wife.

夫善则妻贤。

a good medicine tastes bitter.

良药苦口。

a good wife health is a man‘s best wealth.

妻贤身体好是男人最大的财富。

a great talker is a great liar.

说大话者多谎言。

a hedge between keeps friendship green.

君子之交淡如水。

a joke never gains an enemy but loses a friend.

戏谑不能化敌为友,只能使人失去朋友。

a leopard cannot change its spots.

积习难改。

a liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.

说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信。

a light heart lives long.

静以修身。

a little body often harbors a great soul.

浓缩的都是精品。

a little knowledge is a dangerous thing.

一知半解,自欺欺人。

a little pot is soon hot.

狗肚子盛不得四两油。

all are brave when the enemy flies.

敌人逃窜时,人人都成了勇士。

all good things come to an end.

天下没有不散的筵席。

all rivers run into sea.

海纳百川。

all roads lead to rome.

条条大路通罗马。

all that ends well is well.

结果好,就一切都好。

all that glitters is not gold.

闪光的不一定都是金子。

all things are difficult before they are easy.

凡事总是由难而易。

all work and no play makes jack a dull boy.

只会用功不玩耍,聪明孩子也变傻。

a man becomes learned by asking questions.

不耻下问才能有学问。

a man can do no more than he can.

凡事都应量力而行。

a man cannot spin and reel at the same time.

一心不能二用。

a man is known by his friends.

什么人交什么朋友。

a man of words and not of deeds is like a garden full of weeds.

光说空话不做事,犹如花园光长刺。

a man without money is no man at all.

一分钱难倒英雄汉。

a merry heart goes all the way.

心旷神怡,事事顺利。

[英语谚语佳句整合

展开阅读全文

篇17:2024高考关于健康的英语作文

全文共 1530 字

+ 加入清单

An increasing number of people are becoming aware of the significance of health maintainence . Just as the basic need of human beings for survival , like food to prevent starvation , and clothing to keep away from cold , being healthy is one essential element , which would be easily ignored . Here , tips for keeping good healthy are to be : work regularly and rest adequately , keep in good hours and have a healthy diet . If you do not intent to get yourself sick , exercising every moring would surely be the best way to prevent disease .

越来越多的人们已经意识到健康的重要性。只是作为人类生存的基本需要,如食物来防止饥饿,和衣物御寒,健康是最重要的一个要素,这将很容易被忽略。在这里,保持身体健康的小秘笈:规律的工作、充足的休息,保持良好的时间和有一个健康的饮食。如果你不想把自己生病,那么每天的晨练一定是预防疾病最好的方式。

Often can be seen that there are senior folks jogging and playing Taiji on the square or garden . And many young peers would much like to take sports gathering , such as table tennis and badminton , instead of spending the whole night getting drunk in bars . And as is known to all , tobacco an alcohol are the two greatest evils that creat negative affections on our health . Thus a man should definitely be sure of what to eat and what not , what to drink and what not . Besides , joining a family outdoor pinic in a shining weekend would be a lovely way to keep psychologically/mentally healthy . Anyway , health is the most precious gift that man can ever have .

经常可以看见,很多老年人在广场或公园慢跑,打太极拳。和许多年轻人也喜欢的体育盛会,如乒乓球和羽毛球,而不是花整晚在酒吧喝醉酒。而众所周知,烟草酒精是两个最大的罪恶创造不利影响我们的健康。因此,一个人应该明白,什么该吃什么不该吃什么,喝什么。此外,在一个阳光灿烂的周末参加一个家庭户外野餐会保持心理/精神健康可爱的方式。总之,健康是人所能拥有的最珍贵的礼物。

展开阅读全文

篇18:高考英语满分作文:伦敦一日游

全文共 915 字

+ 加入清单

假定你是李华,正是英国牛津参加短期语言培训,计划星期天去伦敦旅游。互联网上一则广告引起了你的注意,但一些具体信息不明确(箭头所指内容)。请给该旅行社发一封电子邮件,询问有关情况。

注意:

1.词数100左右,信的格式已为你写好。

2.可根据内容要点适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

3.参考词汇:牛津——Oxford 费用——fee

Dear Sir/Madame,

I’m writing for more information about the day tour to London.

As a student at Oxford University, I’d like to know if you have any special price for students. As for the money you charge, does it cover the entrance fees for visiting the places listed? What about lunch? Is it included? Or do I need to bring along my own food?

How long will the tour last? Since I need to prepare my lessons for the next day, I’d like to know the time to return. Besides, is there any time for shopping? I really want to have a look at the big stores in London.

Yours,

Li Hua

尊敬的先生/女士,

我写的更多的信息,在伦敦的一日游。

作为牛津大学的一名学生,我想知道你是否对学生有特殊的价格。至于你所收取的钱,它是否包括了所列地方的入场费?午饭怎么样?是否包括?还是我需要带上我自己的食物?

巡演将持续多久?既然我需要准备第二天的功课,我想知道的时间可以返回。再说,还有没有时间去购物?我真的很想看看伦敦的大商店。

你的,

李华

[高考英语满分作文:伦敦一日游

展开阅读全文

篇19:高考英语作文模板范本

全文共 564 字

+ 加入清单

英语写作对很多同学来说是件头疼的事,今天,小编就为大家整理了高考英语作文模板,无论高考英语作文出什么类型的题目,套上这些模版都能拿高分。

英语备考高考英语作文模板:图表作文

图表作文写作模板

The chart gives us an overall picture of the 图表主题。

The first thing we notice is that 图表最大特点 .

This means that as 进一步说明。

We can see from the statistics given that 图表细节

图表细节一 . After 动词-ing :细节一中的第一个变化, the动词-ed+幅度+时间(紧跟着的变化) .

The figures also tell us that图表细节二 .

In the column, we can see that accounts for (进一步描述).

Judging from these figures, we can draw the conclusion that (结论).

The reason for this, as far as I am concerned is that (给出原因). b或是 It is high time that we (发出倡议).

展开阅读全文

篇20:高考的满分英语

全文共 661 字

+ 加入清单

Li Hua is my good friend. We are classmates. He is tallest in our class. He is very kind and always ready to help others. We have many in common, so that we have many things to talk. For example, we both like playing basketball and we like the same basketball player Kobe. Besides, we both like cartoon very much. We always watch cartoon program together. At weekends, we oftenplay basketball. Whats more important, he studies hard. So do I. We can make progress together. He is a good friend.

李华是我的好朋友,我们是同学。他是我们班上最高的。他很善良,总是随时帮助其他人。我们有很多共同点,因此我们有很多事情可以交谈。比如说,我们都喜欢打篮球,我们都喜欢同一个球星——科比。除此之外,我们都很喜欢卡通。我们经常一起看卡通节目。周末的时候,我们经常一起打篮球。更重要的是,他学习很努力,我也一样。我们可以相互进步。他是一位好朋友。

展开阅读全文