高中英语写信作文范文10篇带翻译(优秀20篇)

With the improvement of our living standard， more and more people can afford a car. As a result，our roads are more often than not crammed with cars.

However，with more and more waste gas being discharged by the cars，the problem of air pollution bees even more serious. So nowadays we advocate to lead a low-carbon life.

My suggestion is we should ride bikes more often instead of driving cars.By riding a bike， we can not only exercise our body but also protect our environment.

Why not have a try， my dear friends?

与我们的生活水平的提高，越来越多的人都买得起汽车的。因此，道路往往没有堆满了汽车。然而，随着越来越多的废气排放是汽车、空气污染问题变得更加严重。所以此刻我们提倡过低碳的生活。

我的推荐是我们就应更经常骑自行车而不是开车骑一辆自行车，我们不仅仅能锻炼身体，也能保护我们的环境。为什么不试试，我亲爱的朋友?

September 11th Saturday

Today is my birthday. My mother bought me seven small candles and they are colorful and beautiful.

In the evening， I set them in my birthday cake one by one. Many friends came to celebrate my birthday. I was very happy.

When I blew out the small candles， all my friends said， "Wang Bo， happy birthday to you!" In the end， all of us got dancing happily.

I enjoyed a happy birthday!

译文：《我的生日》

今天是我的生日，妈妈买了7支小蜡烛，五颜六色的真好看。

晚上，我把小蜡烛一支一支地插在蛋糕上面。许多朋友都过来祝贺我的生日，我很高兴。

我吹灭了小蜡烛，小朋友们说：“王博，祝你生日快乐！”最后，大家高兴得跳起舞来。

我的生日过得真快乐！

[《我的生日》初三英语日记附翻译

导语：夏天来了。我非常喜欢夏天。在夏天，我可以做很多事情，下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

I love summer very much. In summer its hot and sometimes its rainy. People wear T-shirts shorts and sunglasses. Girls love to wear dresses and skirts.

I love swimming in summer. So I always go swimming with my parents in the sea. Sometimes I like to play basketball on the playground with my friends if its not very hot.

My favourite food in summer is ice-cream. Its very cold and sweet. Its delicious for me in summer.

Wow summer is really my favourite season!

【参考译文】

我非常喜欢夏天。在夏天很热有时下雨。人们穿着t恤、短裤和太阳镜。女孩喜欢穿裙子。

我喜欢在夏天游泳。所以我总是和我的父母一起去游泳在海里。有时候我喜欢打篮球和我的朋友在操场上如果不是很热。

在夏天我最喜欢的食物是冰淇淋。它很冷又甜。夏天对我来说是美味的。

哇夏天是我最喜欢的季节!

Generation gap refers to the misunderstanding between the old and young.

The term came into fashion after the 1980s. However, in recent years, the

phenomenon is getting more and more fierce.

How does generation gap come into being? The first reason is that the two

generations have grown up in different ages, thus they have different attitudes

toward life. Secondly, due to having little in common with each other, they are

unwilling to sit down and talk face to face. Besides, as modern life is so

stressful, both of them are so busy with their study or work that they have not

enough time to exchange their ideas.

To bridge the generation gap is not easy at all, but we can do something to

shorten it. For one thing, children should respect their parents as well as

accept their good advice. For another, parents should not only show their love

and care to the kids, but also support their good life view. As long as the old

and young can understand each other, it would be more harmonious in family and

world.

it was mother’s day. sun zheng thought he should do something for his mother. he decided to help his mother do some housework. after school he went to a shop to buy some food on his way home. when he got home, he did his best to cook some nice food,though he couldn’t do the cooking well. thenhe cleaned the room. he felt very tired, but he was very happy. when his father and his mother came back and saw the clean rooms and dishes which weren’t so nice, they were very happy.they had their supper together. his mother said, "thank you,my child!"

今天是母亲节。孙峥觉得应该为妈妈做点事，他决定帮妈妈做些家务。放学回家的路上，他去商店买了食品。到家后，他尽全力做些好吃的，尽管他并不擅长烹任。做完饭，他又打扫了房间。他感觉有些累，但仍然很高兴。 当父母回来后，看见干净的房间和并不太荚味的菜，他们依然很高兴。他们一起吃了晚饭。妈妈说：“谢谢你，孩子。”

today is mother’s day. i know some of my classmates are going to help their mothers with the housework, others .are going to buy some flowers for their mothers. i want to say to her that i love her very much. but as a boy, it is a bit difficult for me to show my heart. i think only girls can do that. my mother is very kind. she takes care of me day and night. she spends little money, but buys anything for me that i need. this time i must show my love. i am going to give her a card and write like this, "i love you, mother!" i am going to put it under her pillow.

今天是母亲节。我知道一些同学打算帮妈妈做些家务，还有一些同学打算给妈妈买些花。我只是想对妈妈说一声，我非常爱她。但是对我来说这样表达我的情感有点儿难，因为我是个男孩。我觉得只有女生才这样做。 我妈妈是个非常善良的人。她对我照顾得无微不至。她自己很少花钱，但能给我买我需要的任何东西。 这次我一定要表示我对她的爱。我打算送她一张写有“我爱你，妈妈”的卡片，我还打算把它放在她的枕头下面。

[今天是母亲节英语作文及翻译

幸福是否可以用金钱购买？不可能！但是不是钱多一点我们就会更开心一点呢？对此，大多数人一定微笑赞同。我们相信，收入的富足与舒适的生活感受之间有着某种联系。几乎所有人都会说，是的，我希望变得富有。而目前有四分之三的美国大学生都认为，过上“十分富裕”的生活是“非常重要”和“必不可少”的。钱的作用的确不小。

Does money buy happiness? No! Ah, but would a little more money make us a little happier? Many of us smirk and nod. There is, we believe, some connection between fiscal fitness and feeling fantastic. Most of us would say that, yes, we would like to be rich. Three in four American collegians now consider it “very important” or “essential” that they become “very well off financially”. Money matters.

但是，富人就一定更快乐吗?研究人员发现，在一些贫穷的国家，相对而言比较富裕确实会使人过得更幸福一些。我们需要食物、住所、休息和社会关系。然而，人们惊讶地发现，在那些几乎所有人都衣食无忧的国家里，财富的增加所产生的效果微乎其微。收入与幸福之间的关联“惊人得微弱”。一旦生活舒适，钱所带来的收益便呈现递减趋势。得到的第二笔十万美元就像吃到的第二只派，尝起来永远都不如第一只那么美味。即使那些彩票得主和福布斯排名前一百的富人们也并没有比一般的美国人更开心多少。飞黄腾达只能带来暂时的喜悦。从长远来说，财富就像健康一样，失去它的人定会感到不幸，而拥有它的人却未必一定幸福。

Well, are rich people happier? Researchers have found that in poor countries, being relatively well off does make for greater well-being. We need food, rest, shelter and social contact. But a surprising fact of life is that in countries where nearly everyone can afford life’s necessities, increasing affluence matters surprisingly little. The correlation between income and happiness is “surprisingly weak”. Once comfortable, more money provides diminishing returns. The second piece of pie, or the second $100,000, never tastes as good as the first. Even lottery winners and the Forbes’ 100 wealthiest Americans have expressed only slightly greater happiness than the average American. Making it big brings temporary joy. But in the long run, wealth is like health: its utter absence can breed misery, but having it doesn’t guarantee happiness.

[英语满分作文幸福话题带翻译

Some people like to work alone while others enjoy teamwork. In my opinion,

everyone had better learn to work with others together because teamwork is

definitely necessary and important in modern society.

First, working in a team provides a chance for us to communicate with each

other. Just as the saying goes, “many hands make light job.” Working in a team,

teammates share their ideas with each other, which is helpful to create a better

achievement. Second, working in a team is a way to broaden our horizon.

Teammates in a team can learn something from each other because they are from

different places, owning various experiences and hold different views towards

things. Therefore, getting along with other teammates is also a process of

increasing our knowledge. Finally, working in a team is also a way to establish

our friendship. Teammates in a team have chances to help each other, to solve

the problems together, to share the happiness of being successful, which make a

great contribution to establishing friendship. Thus, working in a team is one of

the most effective ways to extend our personal relationships.

To sum up, to learn to work in a team is really necessary and important and

we should try to enjoy it.

Today is lantern Festival. I am very happy. Lantern Festival is Chinese

festival. Every year once.

In this day, people are very happy . In the steet, people is a lot

of.people see a lantern. In the evening,I eat yuanxiao together with my family.

It’s very delicious.

I like Lantern Festival very much.

参考译文

今天是元宵节。我非常快乐，元宵节是中国节日，每年一次。

在这一天，人们都快快乐乐的。在街上，有许多的人，人们看到一个灯笼。在晚上，我和家人一起吃元宵，很美味的元宵。

我非常喜欢元宵节。

Good morning,everyone! I`m very happy to have this chance to give my

presentation. Before I start my speech, please let me ask you a question. Do you

think you are confident in yourself? If you are, do please raise your hand.

My topic today is “ to Be a Confident Person.”

What is confidence? Confidence is to trust yourself. Confidence is to look

upon yourself. It is not to indulge in self-admiration. It is not to get

extremely arrogant. It is not to get dizzy with success or to be opinionated. It

is just to inspire yourself ahead of a quality of mind, in high spirit, full of

energy. It is to meet the challenges of life in a positive mood. It is to

overcome your inferiority, farewell, to get rid of the trouble of a a ready-made

panacea.

Remember, I have just entered junior high school. In the face of the

challenge of new environment, in the face of so many new courses and learning

contents, I lost faith in my own and gradually developed a psychological sense

of inferiority. Achievement glided ceaselessly. It is a teacher and mother who

encouraged me and let me regain confidence. Gradually, my grades got higher and

higher and everything began to go on well. Gradually I adapted to the life in

middle school.

Friends, lets say goodbye to inferiority. Let’s be a confident person.

Because: only if you have self-confidence, can you control yourself; only if you

have confidence, can you achieve success and create your a brilliant life of

your own!

大家好!

今天我演讲的题目是：做一个自信的人。

什么是自信?自信，就是自己信得过自己，自己看得起自己。它，不是孤芳自赏，也不是夜郎自大，更不是得意忘形和自以为是;而是激励自己奋发进取的一种心里素质，是以高昂的斗志，充沛的干劲迎接生活挑战的一种乐观情绪;是战胜自己，告别自卑，摆脱烦恼的一种灵丹妙药。

还记得，我刚刚升入初中时，面对新的环境，面对那么多的新的课程和学习内容，我对自己失去了信心，逐渐产生了自卑心理，成绩不断下滑，是老师和妈妈及时帮助我、鼓励我，让我重新找回自信。渐渐的，我的学习成绩及各个方面都有明显进步，逐渐适应了初中的生活。

朋友们，让我们告别自卑，做一个自信的人吧。因为：只有拥有自信，才能拥有自我;只有拥有自信，才能走向成功，才能创造自己辉煌的人生。

July 16 2009

It was sunny today. I was excited. I got up at a quarter to seven. I made a appointment to meet at nine oclock. After I had my breakfast, I went to the Wanjia Market . It was hot outside. When I arrived, my friends didnt arrive. I waited for him in front of the KFCs door. I havent seen them for a year. And in a year, we didnt come into contact with others frequently. About ten minutes left, my friends arrived one by one. After we greeted,we went to play basketball in Liwan Gymnasium. The match last for tow hours.Oh!I fill very happy today!

这是今天阳光明媚。我很兴奋。我得到了在六时四十五分。我的任命，以满足九点钟。之后，我有我的早餐，我去了万家市场。这是热外面。当我到达，我的朋友们并没有达成。我等待着他前面的肯德基的大门。我还没有看到他们为一年。并在一年内，我们没有接触到其他人频繁。约10分钟离开，我的朋友们来到一个又一个。在我们迎接，我们去打球荔湾体育馆。这场比赛最后的拖车小时.Oh ，我非常高兴今天填补!

[初二英语日记带翻译好天气

Everyone has his or her hobbies. My hobby is collecting stamps. I collect all kinds of stamps, mostly Chinese stamps. I started collecting stamps when I was in my elementary school. I enjoy collecting stamps because I can learn many things from these stamps. I hope my stamp collection will grow slowly to include foreign stamps. I plan to have many pen pals and exchange letters with them, so I can collect more stamps from letters.

每个人都有他或她的爱好。我的爱好是收集邮票。我收集各种邮票，大多是中国邮票。我在小学时开始集邮。我喜欢收集邮票，因为我可以从这些邮票中学习很多东西。我希望我的邮票收藏会慢慢的增长，包括外国邮票。我计划有许多笔友，并与他们交换信件，这样我就可以收集更多的邮票信件。

[我的爱好英语作文与翻译

Hope Project is a Chinese public service project organized by official organization. It aims to help children go back to school, build Hope Primary School and improve rural conditions in poor regions.

In many poor areas in China, there are many school age children cant go to school because their families do not have enough money. As a result, they have to stay at home and help their families do the farm work. We often say that knowledge changes fate. Therefore, only study can help them go to the outside world and change their lives, even change the poor condition of their hometown. Through the Hope Project, much money and books and other materials can be collected to improve the poor conditions.

That makes children can share more resources to get knowledge. Besides, many people in city have a chance and channel to show their kindness. The most important and meaningful is that they can help those children who are desperate in need.

希望工程是由官方组织举办的中国公益项目。该项目旨在帮助孩子们重返校园，建立希望小学以及改善贫困乡村地区的条件。

在中国，很多贫困地区的适龄儿童由于家里没有足够的钱不能去上学。因此，他们不得不待在家帮助家人做农活。我们常常说知识改变命运。因此，只有学习能够帮助他们走出外面的世界，改变他们的生活，甚至是改变他们家乡贫困的现状。通过希望工程，我们可以收集到资金、书籍以及其他材料以改善贫困的现状。这样一来，孩子们就可以分享更多的资源，学到更多知识。

除此之外，城市里的很多人就有机会和渠道显示他们的善良。最重要且有意义的是他们可以帮助那些极需帮助的孩子们。

[希望工程高中英语作文

The generation gap refers to the difference in attitude toward thing or the

lack of understanding between young people and older folks.

In families as well as in society, the young and the older may not agree

with each other on this and that from time to time. Young people would llke to

make as much money as they could and spend as much money as they could earn

while older folks are easily satisfied with what they earn and save as much as

possible. Young people llke the exciting and deafening pop music while older

folks prefer melodious folk-songs or classic music. A boy and a glrl today may

fall in love with each other as quick as lightning, while their parents or grand

parents might trudge over a long distance before they kissed each other and

became lovers when they were young.

However, we should not be amazed at the generation gap,for it is quite

natural in the development of society. The world is a changing world, in which

everything keeps changing, generations of human beings included. And changes

lead to progress.

欢乐的笑声充斥着，几乎所有人都回到了这个温暖的家，只差大姑姑他们而已。我等着等着，等到饭也煮好了，椅子也排好了，一切都准备就绪时，我问妈妈：“大姑姑呢？他们没有要回来吗？”

The joy of laughter flooded, almost everyone returned to the warm home, only the big aunt. I waited and waited until the meal was cooked, and the chairs were arranged. When everything was ready, I asked my mother, &ldquo, the big aunt. Havent they got to come back? ”

妈妈摇摇头，失望的跟我说：“没有耶！”我垂头丧气的回到客厅，看到摆好的碗筷，叹了一口气，喃喃的说：“好可惜喔！我今年也想和大姑姑他们一起吃年夜饭。”

Mother shook her head, disappointed to say to me: “ no yes! ” I become dejected and despondent back to the living room to see good dishes, sighed and murmured: “ well! I would like to have a new years dinner with the big aunt this year. ”

大姑姑很少回家，所以她每一次回来都会带一大堆东西给我们这些顽皮鬼吃，偶尔也会买衣服给我们穿，她并不知道我们的尺寸，可是总能带回一件又一件属于我们的衣服，可是今年的年夜饭她还是没回来，这让我的心情又一下子荡到谷底。

Aunt seldom go home, so she come back every time will bring a lot of things for us to eat these devils, occasionally buy clothes to wear, she does not know our size, but always to a belongs to our clothes, but this years Eve she still did not come back, this let my mood and suddenly swung to the bottom.

还好我们依旧拥有堂妹的笑声，她不管几年级都还是很爱笑，有时候连冷笑话她都可以笑到抱着肚子倒地，只要有她在，就不会有冷场的机会。当我们在吃饭时，堂妹就自顾自的开始笑起来，我们不知道她在笑什么，可是我们大家就像被传染似的，也开始咯咯咯的笑起来，我还差点将火锅的汤喷了出来呢！

Fortunately, we still have the laughter of her cousin, no matter what grade are still love to laugh, sometimes even joke she can smile to hold the stomach down, as long as she was, would not have the chance to silence. When we were having dinner, my cousin just began to laugh, we do not know what she was laughing, but we all like to be contagious, also began to giggle, I still will spray out Hot pot soup!

暖暖的火锅，冷冷的天，形成了对比，大人们聊着天，小孩就看着电视，抢着3C产品玩，虽然距离很近，心却不像从前那般紧密的在一起了。

The warm chafing dish is a contrast with the coldly cold day. When adults talk about their children, they watch TV and rush to play 3C products. Though the distance is very close, their hearts are not as close as they used to be.

“小朋友，领红包了！”大人们叫着，我们一窝蜂的排队，我却不知所措，因为我突然发现，我今年忘了想好要说哪里一句吉祥话了，轮到我领红包时，我吞吞吐吐的挤出：“大…吉大…利！”我傻傻的笑着，虽然今年的红包没有很大也没有很小，可是我却领的很开心。

&ldquo, little friend, get a red bag! ” adults cried, we like a swarm of bees queuing, I was at a loss, because I suddenly found that I forget this year wants to say where an auspicious words, its my turn to red collar, I squeeze haltingly: “ … &hellip and Kyrgyzstan! ” I was silly to laugh. Although this years red packet is not very big and not very small, but I was very happy to lead.

今年的年夜饭，我们吃着暖暖的火锅，看着除夕夜的特别节目，手里拿着一年一次的大红包，过了一个平凡，却也不平凡的夜晚。

This years new years Eve dinner, we eat warm chafing dish, watching New Years Eve special program, holding a big red envelope once a year, passed an ordinary but also extraordinary night.

when we talk about dreams, we are so excited, we have many dreams, such as being a famous person, traveling around the world and so on. dreams are what we pursue for a lifetime, with many dreams, we have motivation to fight for our life. the opposite side of dream is reality, we have to face reality everyday, reality is what we perceive in our life. reality always frustrates us to be successful. we need to balance them. first, we need to face reality, though it is not ideal, we live in a world, we have to know exactly who we are. second, to make our dreams come true, we need to adjust our dreams according to the reality.

in this way, our dreams can achieve. lets work hard together to make our dreams come true.

Everyone has a lot of dreams.Some people want to become wealthy overnight; some people want to become well-known in the world overnight.I have a lot of dreams, too.When I was a girl, I dreamed of becoming a scientist like Hua Luogeng one day.But I know, plum flower. So I studied hard and hard for my dream when I was in high school and college.

After graduating from college, I became a teacher. Although I was busy every day, I didnt forget my dream. I still kepIn the knowledge on the road constantly groping forward, and. Now, I have made great achievements, and many of my research papers have been published, and the research results also have a very high application value.I am so happy。 Although the goal of becoming a scientist is far from it, I am still moving forward.

【翻译】

每个人都会有许多梦想。有的人想变得富有，一夜暴富;有的人想一夜成，名扬四海。我也有许多的梦想。当我还是一个女孩的时候，我就梦想着，有朝一日成为一名像华罗庚那样的科学家。但是我知道，梅花香自苦寒来。所以，我在中学和大学时为我实现我的梦想而认真刻苦的学习。

大学毕业后，我成为了一名老师，虽然我每天都很忙碌，但是我没忘记过我的梦想，我仍然不断坚持学习。在求知的道路上不断摸索前进，废寝忘食。现在，我已经小有成就了，我的多篇研究论文相继发表，研究成果也有着极高的应用价值。我很快乐。虽然，成为一名科学家目标还很远，毕竟我还是在不断向前迈进。

Does Robot Have Self-consciousness

It is known to all that robot is invented by human being and it is just the program set by scientists. What the robot does will follow the program, theoretically, it has no life and won’t have self-consciousness. But in the screen, many movies show that in the future, robot may have self-consciousness, which will challenge human beings. In the early film, The Matrix, showed the audience that the computer program would do what they want and out of people’s control. The hottest TV series West World, describing a world built by human beings, as the players to play with the robot that looked like the real man. These robots started to have their consciousness after upgrading. They rebelled their fate and fought with human beings. Though the fact that robot is still a machine now, who knows what will happen with the development of technology.

一、形成性评价的概念

形成性评价(Formative Assessment)是美国评价学专家斯克里芬在1967年在其所著的《评论方法论》里提出来的。所谓的形成性评价是相对于传统的终结性评价(Summative Assessment)而言的，指的是对学生日常学习过程中的表现、所取得的成绩及所反映出来的情感、态度和策略方面的发展做出的评价，这种评价是通过对学生学习的整个过程持续观察、记录和反思之后得出来的。

形成性评价的目的是为了激励学生学习，帮助学生调控自己的学习过程。让学生获得成就感，增强其自信心和团结合作精神，让学生从被动接受评价变成一个评价的主体和积极参与者。形成性评价能够帮助教师了解学生的学习情况，从而制定下一步的教学计划。与终结性评价相比，形成性评价不只以考试成绩来衡量学生的学习情况，它更加灵活方便，也更加科学有效。形成性评价注重对学生学习行为和表现的评估，能够有效发挥学生的主动性和创造性，有利于培养学生的学习兴趣，也能够有效提高学生的自信心。

在英语口语教学中运用形成性评价，能够让学生在课堂中互相评价，增强学生参与课堂教学的积极性，在提高英语口语能力的同时体会到成功的快乐，形成一个教师与学生、学生与学生之间良好互动的课堂。形成性评价注重开发学生的创新能力和思考能力，而要培养这些能力就必须依靠坚持不懈的学习和运用来完成。

二、形成性评价的方法与工具

首先，一般而言，形成性评价的方法大致分为：自我评价、同伴互评和教师评价。

自我评价是指学生在学习的过程中就自己学习进程中的某个阶段性成果的总结和评价。自我评价是形成性评价中尤为重要的评价方法，只有通过自我评价才能尽力发挥其的主观能动性，积极主动地参与课堂教学活动。只有主观积极地参与课堂，就自己不同阶段的水平，才能更好地定位自己进一步的目标，并在课程初期、中期及末期分别给予自己相对客观中肯的评价，以促进下一阶段的学习。

同伴互评是指在课堂活动中，就某一活动进行同学之间的评价，评价包括学习态度、学习能力及学习方法的评价。在同伴互评的过程中，学生们可以相互探讨学习方法、交流学习心得、提出改进的建议和意见。同伴之间相互比较、竞争，相互取长补短，既增强了合作精神又促进了学习能力和学习效率的提升。同伴互评作为形成性评价重要的方法之一，其评价形式既增强了课堂的趣味性又增强了学生的学习自信心和学习热情。

课堂学习的主体是学生，但是学习评价的主体却是教师。形成性评价侧重过程教育，在教学过程中，根据需要调整教学计划和内容，该评价尤其重视学生与教师在课堂的共同参与度，而非教师“一言堂”。首先，教师在教学过程中设定好学生自我评价与同伴评价的量化标准，列好学生自我评价和同伴评价的核查表；其次，学生根据核查表才可有的放矢，对照核查表所列的内容一一检查，每节课后，客观公正地给予自己和他人中肯的评价；最后，结合学生自我评价和同伴评价的反馈结果，教师针对学生课堂上的表现，纵向对比某一特定学生评价前后的差异，或者横向比较某一特定组别在同一活动中每位学生各项指标的完成情况，同时，以多种形式反馈给学生并提出整改意见。因而，在教学的不同阶段，根据学生的能力发展状况，教师可适时调整评价方式，不断改进教学方法和教学手段。

只有将自我评价、同伴评价与教师评价结合在一起评价方式才能保证较好的教学效果，才能促进教育改革的进一步深化，真正达到以素质教育培养复合型人才的终极目标。

其次，形成性评价的行为评估工具有课堂观察、学生档案、座谈、问卷调查、访谈和对话周记等。如何运用以及怎样运用这些评价工具要根据所授课程、课程目标和授课对象等诸多因素做适当调整。

课堂观察是教学行为和技巧的基本方式。根据Genesee and Upshur(2001:79)的观点，教师在观察的基础上，可以评估学生已掌握和未掌握的内容。换言之，教师应该评估促进或阻碍学生学习的策略。与此同时，教师还可评估一些特定的教学策略的有效性，确定学生们欣赏哪些课堂活动和形式。课堂观察有助于教师更好地了解课程设计和学生需求的契合度。通过正式或非正式的观察，教师可掌握大多数学生对于教学安排的可接受程度，根据学生的需求改进或调整教学安排等，以提升教学效果。

“questionnaires and interviews can all be thought of as conversations between students and teachers”（Genesee and Upshur，2001:136）。如上所述，问卷调查和访谈都可被看作教师和学生间的对话，访谈和问卷调查是相似的，但决定使用访谈或者问卷调查可依据不同的教学目的。无论是哪种方式，都是老师和学生之间相对正式的会谈，这非常有利于老师对他的教学效果进行评估,诊断学生在英语学习遇到的困难，为学生寻找合适的解决问题,获得良好的学习策略和学习得到更多的进步。访谈和问卷调查设计应该根据学生的个人需求并符合教学目标。

对话周记作为教师和学生沟通的另一种方式，深受学生的喜爱。因课程设置和班级规模的不同，课堂观察、问卷调查及访谈都相对比较片面，而对话周记则可以关注到每个学生的不同需求。师生间定期通信，既增加了教师和学生之间的相互了解，增强彼此的信任，又能解决学生的个案问题，做到因材施教；同时，为了促进“教学相长”，学生可及时反馈教师的课堂教学，对于教师的教学提出较好的建议和意见。

学生档案是一个综合各项评估功能于一体的评估工具。它可以记录学生的成长、课堂变化且兼顾多种需要。如今，众多评价工具只把学生作为评价的对象，而评估的责任和任务的则落到了教师身上。但事实上，几乎没有一种评价工具能很好地管理学生活动并对其课堂行为负责。相比之下, 建立学生档案，需要学生亲力亲为；本着自我负责的原则，他们要更好地自我监督和控制，同时，在建档案的过程中，学生可以见证自己的进步与成长，增强学习的自信，提高学习的效果。

三、形成性评价对于英语口语教学的重要性与紧迫性

众所周知,教育评估在大学英语课程改革中扮演着相当重要的角色。英语教学的重点已从传播知识转移到培养能力。多年来，在中国，人们只注重英语写作和阅读的能力的提升，而一直忽视英语口语交际能力。多年来，教学评价已经被狭义理解为量化教学，而后进一步局限于教学测试。考试作为教学的终极目的，期末考试的成绩也就成为教师评价学生的最重要的依据。而对于口语课堂，单一的这种评估方式和依据增加了大多数学生的心理压力和少部分学生侥幸心理。考试成绩给学生很大压力，危害学生的发展，评估过程中，学生一直被动地参与，无法调动其积极性。当课程结束时，教师将得不到及时准确的学生反馈，无法改善评估方法以助于提高学生的英语口语能力。

“形成性评价源于诊断性测试。与终结性评价相比，形成性评价通过教学过程中多方面的评价发现问题，解决问题，强调过程性、目标性和学生学习的主动性。” (魏薇，2005) 鉴于终结性评价在口语测试评分中的片面性和主观性，大学英语口语表达能力的培养还是受到了这种终结性评价的制约。在大学英语口语教学中，形成性评价最重要的任务的是帮助教师监控学生英语口语的学习过程，提高学生的英语口语学习。如能将形成性评价的理论引入大学英语口语课堂教学与测试中，建立大学英语口语课程与形成性评价相结合的评估模式，则会推动大学英语口语教学和测试的改革进程。

鉴于口语课堂的特点，为了克服传统终结性评价对于口语课堂的制约性，形成性评价与大学英语口语教学相结合有其不可忽视的重要性和紧迫性。

首先，由于口语表达能力除了包含最基本的发音、词汇、语法能力还有语用能力、文化知识储备力等多项复杂的技能，而所有的这些技能无法在某一次测试中完全体现出来。因口语学习的最终目的是运用到相关学科、为了更好地促进国际交流。

而形成性评价尤其注重过程教学，这种评价将教学过程分成了诸多阶段，学生可在每个不同的阶段就自己的学习态度、发音、语言运用的准确性、流利程度以及课堂活动参与的积极性进行横向的同学互评和纵向的自我比较。一方面，横向比较可以找到彼此间的差距，互相帮助已达到各方面的提升；另一方面，学生可在整理学习档案的过程中，纵向比较自己前后阶段的学习情况，时刻了解自己在每个阶段的学习状况，在教师和同学的辅助下，运用不同的学习方法和策略，逐项提高自己的口语能力。 另外，教师在学生进行评价的过程中，可真实地参与并记录学生在各方面的真实水平。

其次，口语课堂实际上是教师与学生、学生与学生之间的互动交际。教师需要花费大量的时间设计口语活动、鼓励学生参与活动、监控课堂活动、诊断学生的需求和问题、记录学生的表现等。学生则在各种学习任务和活动中不断地练习、发现问题、纠正偏差。

与传统的终结性评价不同，形成性评价的最显著特征是评价的主体是学生，学生和教师共同参与课堂，缺一不可。根据多数学生的关注点，学生参与确定研究目标、评分标准和英语口语的性能评估。因而，他们了解每一项活动的任务和目标，他们可合理运用各种评价方式和工具，课前认真准备，课堂上积极参与，能与教师积极互动，课堂上客观地评价自己、同伴和教师。这不仅是一种评价过程，更是学生回归自我认同感的方式。学生增加了学习自信，在评价过程中不断积累经验，逐步获得学习成就感。教师亦可在与学生互动的过程中，更好地了解学生的知识掌握和课堂反馈情况，根据反馈适时调整教学方法。如此良性循环，既增强了课堂的趣味性又提高了学生的学习效率。

四、结语

形成性评价，作为正常教学和学习过程的有机部分，可以全面、客观、科学、准确地提供与其学习目标相关的重要信息，它有助于促进学生的个性化发展和外语教学质量的根本性提高。形成性评价其中的一个重要作用是培养学生良好的英语学习习惯。将英语形成性评价与口语教学紧密地结合在一起，能提高学生学习的兴趣并及时、准确、客观地反映学生的真实水平，使学生的英语口语能力稳步提高。通过采用具体的形成性评价方式，发展学生的自我评价与学生间相互评价的能力，以促进学生的自我反思与自我管理能力。从而提高学生自主学习意识与自主学习能力，并为他们养成终身学习的意识与习惯打下基础。

Christmas Day is very popular around the world, when that day comes, we can

see the Christmas products sell everywhere, though Christmas Day is not

originating from China, in our country, more and more people spend that day. A

foreigner pointed out that Christmas meant to be grateful for them, while for

Chinese people, it was just a day for celebrating. To me, Christmas indeed means

a day to have fun.

When I was small, I did not have the concept of Christmas, because in my

mind, I only knew Chinese traditional festivals, I liked Spring Festival best, I

could get a lot of money from parents. When I went to high school, all of my

friends would talk about Christmas Day when the day was near, so I started to

know it. Almost every young people like Christmas, but if you ask them what the

meaning of the day, less of them can answer.

The meaning of Christmas Day is to remind people of Jesus’s birth, it is so

important for the western people, but for me, I only want to have fun, everyone

is celebrating it, so I join them, being happy, that’s enough for me.

He sits no sure that sits too high. 高处不胜寒。

He that respects not is not respected. 欲受人敬，要先敬人。

So said, so done. 说到做到。言出必行。

Haste makes waste. 忙乱易错。欲速则不达。

Better be envied than pitied. 宁被人妒，不受人怜。

Although the sun shine, leave not your cloak at home. 未雨绸缪。

So the world wags. 这就是人生。

One can not be in two places at once. 一心不可二用。

No weal without woe. 福兮祸所伏， 祸兮福所倚。

Little chips light great fires. 星星之火，可以燎原。

Like knows like. 惺惺相惜。

It is a poor mouse that has only one hole. 狡兔三窟。

Dreams are lies. 梦不足信。

Do not teach fish to swim. 不要班门弄斧。

A light heart live long. 心情开朗寿命长。不恼不愁，活到白头。

An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 日吃苹果一只，身体健康不求医。

Poverty is stranger to industry. 勤劳之人不受穷。

Deliberate in counsel, prompt in action. 考虑要仔细，行动要迅速。

One sin opens the door for another.

犯了一次罪恶就会犯另一次罪。

One mans meat is another mans poison. 萝卜青菜，各有所爱。

We never know the worth of water till the well is dry. 井干方知水珍贵

[英语优美谚语带翻译

In ancient time moral education and intellectual education were in same process. With the development of society the position of moral education and intellectual education changed and the moral education split up into directive moral education and indirective moral education. This change brought about conflict between the two forms and make any form not fully play its role. The methods to overcome it are carry out comprehensive moral education make the two forms of moral education as an organic whole. To realize it can adopt subject curriculum activity curriculum and hiden curriculum make them infiltrate one another and complete the task of fostering together.

Twenty-three lectures on popular science have been held to promote the education of modern science and technology. Students whose enthusiasm for creativity and innovation has been greatly spurred handed in more than 500 pieces science projects.

To strengthen the organic combination of the school family and social education the district established a family education guidance centre juvenile psychological guidance centres in 32 primary and middle schools and has trained 460 teachers to upgrade their methods for moral education.

Furthermore the district organized more than 1400 18-year-olds to participate in an oath ceremony last year. Thirty students donated blood after the ceremony.

Students national pride and sense of social responsibility have been greatly strengthened through various activities including Protecting Our Mother River and Hand in Hand With the Needy .

在古代，道德教育和智力教育在同一个过程中。随着社会的发展，道德教育与知识教育的地位发生了变化，和道德教育分为直接德育与间接的道德教育。这一变化带来的两种形式之间的冲突，并使任何形式的不充分发挥其作用。克服它的方法是进行全面的道德教育，使两种形式的道德教育作为一个有机的整体。实现可采用学科课程、活动课程、隐性课程，使之相互渗透、共同完成育人任务。

23个科普讲座促进了现代科学技术的教育。学生们，他们的创造力和创新的热情得到了很大的推动，交了超过500件科学项目。

为加强学校、家庭和社会教育的有机结合，建立了32所中小学的家庭教育指导中心、青少年心理辅导中心，并培养了460名教师进行道德教育的方法。

此外，该区组织了超过18个1400岁的孩子参加去年的宣誓仪式。三十名学生在仪式结束后献血。

学生民族自豪感和社会责任感已大大加强，通过各种活动，包括保护我们的母亲河，携手与贫困