用英语讲好中国故事的英语作文（热门19篇）

《中国成语故事》这本书一直深深吸引着我，每次我只要一拿到《中国成语故事》这本书我就会迫不及待的看起来。“负荆请罪”“ 卧薪尝胆”“纸上谈兵”“螳螂捕蝉黄雀在后”一个个活泼生动的成语故事展现在我的面前，就像我身临其境一样，既生动又有趣。

其中我对一个叫做“负荆请罪”这个故事最难忘。故事讲述了蔺相如“完璧归赵”立了功，赵王封他做上大夫。过了几年，秦王约赵王在渑池会见。赵王和大臣们商议说：“去吧，怕有危险；不去吧，又显得太胆怯。”蔺相如认为对秦王不能示弱，还是去的好，赵王才决定动身，让蔺相如随行。大将军廉颇带着军队送他们到边界上，做好了抵御秦兵的准备。赵王到了渑池，会见了秦王。秦王要赵王鼓瑟。赵王不好推辞，鼓了一段。秦王就叫人记录下来，说在渑池会上，赵王为秦王鼓瑟。蔺相如看秦王这样侮辱赵王，生气极了。他走到秦王面前，说：“请您为赵王击缶。”秦王拒绝了。蔺相如再要求，秦王还是拒绝。蔺相如说：“您现在离我只有五步远。您不答应，我就跟您拼了！”秦王被逼得没法，只好敲了一下缶。蔺相如也叫人记录下来，说在渑池会上，秦王为赵王击缶。秦王没占到便宜。他知道廉颇已经在边境上做好了准备，不敢拿赵王怎么样，只好让赵王回去。

蔺相如在渑池会上又立了功。赵王封蔺相如为上卿，职位比廉颇高。廉颇很不服气，他对别人说：“我廉颇攻无不克，战无不胜，立下许多大功。他蔺相如有什么能耐，就靠一张嘴，反而爬到我头上去了。我碰见他，得给他个下不了台！”这话传到了蔺相如耳朵里，蔺相如就请病假不上朝，免得跟廉颇见面。 有一天，蔺相如坐车出去，远远看见廉颇骑着高头大马过来了，他赶紧叫车夫把车往回赶。蔺相如手下的人可看不顺眼了。他们说，蔺相如怕廉颇像老鼠见了猫似的，为什么要怕他呢！蔺相如对他们说：“诸位请想一想，廉将军和秦王比，谁厉害？”他们说：“当然秦王厉害！”蔺相如说：“秦王我都不怕，会怕廉将军吗？

大家知道，秦王不敢进攻我们赵国，就因为武有廉颇，文有蔺相如。如果我们俩闹不和，就会削弱赵国的力量，秦国必然乘机来打我们。我所以避着廉将军，为的是我们赵国啊！”

读了这个故事我懂得了一个道理：我们要勇于承认错误，要善于改正，虚心接受！

古时候有个叫郭翰的先生，他能诗善画，性格诙谐，喜欢开玩笑。盛夏的一个夜晚，他在树下乘凉，但见长天如碧，白云舒卷，明月高挂，清风徐来，满院飘香。这时，一位长得异常美丽的仙女含笑站在郭翰面前。

郭翰很有礼貌地问：“小姐，您是谁?从哪来?”

仙女说：“我是织女，从天上来。”

郭翰问：“你从天上来，能谈谈天上的事情吗?”

仙女问：“你想知道什么?”

郭翰说：“我什么都想知道。”

仙女说：“这可难了，你让我从哪说起呀?”

郭翰说：“人们都说仙人聪明，你就随便说说吧。”

仙女说：“天上四季如春，夏无酷暑，冬无严寒;绿树常青，花开不谢。枝头百鸟合鸣，水中游鱼可见。没有疾病，没有战争，没有赋税，总之，人间的一切苦难天上都没有。”

郭翰说：“天上那么好，你为什么还跑到人间来呢?”

仙女说：“亏你还是个读书人。你们的前辈庄周老先生不是说过‘在栽满兰花的屋子里呆久了，也闻不到香味’的话么。在天上呆久了，难免有些寂寞，偶尔到人间玩玩。”

郭翰又问：“听说有一种药，人吃了可以长生不老，你知道哪有吗?”

仙女说：“这种药人间没有，天上到处都是。”

郭翰说：“既然天上多得很，你该带点下来，让人们尝尝有多好呀。”

仙女说：“带是带不下来。天上的东西，带到人间就失去了灵气。不然早让秦始皇、汉武帝吃了。”

郭翰说：“你口口声声说来自天上，用什么证明你不是说谎话哄人呢?”

仙女让郭翰看她的衣服。郭翰仔细看，很诧异仙女的衣服是没有缝的。

仙女说：“天衣无缝，你连这个都不懂，还称什么才子，我看你是十足的大傻瓜。”

郭翰听完哈哈大笑，再一瞧，仙女不见了。

中国重大的传统节日有春节、元宵节、清明节、端午节、中秋节等，中国民间风俗习惯。以下是中国风俗习惯英语作文，欢迎阅读。

Restaurants and snack bars in Beijing started serving this seasonal dish last week, and expect a sales peak on Tuesday.

Citizens can also eat a bowl of Laba porridge for free in many Buddhist temples, since the tradition of celebrating Laba Festival originated in Buddhist culture.

In Guanghua Temple in central Beijing, more than 20 workers and volunteer citizens started cooking Laba porridge in twelve huge pots on Monday night, which they expect to hand out to several thousands of temple-goers on Tuesday.

Residents in a Hangzhou community cook and eat Laba porridge together. Laba Festival, the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, falls on January 15 this year.

Fang Hui Chun Tang, an old, well-reputed pharmacy in the eastern Chinese city of Hangzhou, also has the tradition of serving free porridge on Laba. Nutritious Chinese herbs are mixed into their dish, and a xylitol-based recipe is prepared for people with diabetes. The pharmacy expects to receive some 12,000 visitors on the special day.

Neighborhoods in Chinese cities join up to cook and eat Laba porridge. Qi Guifeng, 75, is an organizer of one such public meal in Hangzhou. She called in several senior citizens in her community to buy the materials and serve the porridge in the communitys public yard.

"We get together to do a good thing and have fun. We are glad our neighbors can have a bowl of hot porridge," Zhang Meiqin, one of Qis neighbors, said.

Dragon Boat race Traditions At the center of this festival are the dragon boat races. Competing teams drive their colorful dragon boats forward to the rhythm of beating drums. These exciting races were inspired by the villagers valiant attempts to rescue Chu Yuan from the Mi Lo river. This tradition has remained unbroken for centuries.

Tzung Tzu A very popular dish during the Dragon Boat festival is tzung tzu. This tasty dish consists of rice dumplings with meat, peanut, egg yolk, or other fillings wrapped in bamboo leaves. The tradition of tzung tzu is meant to remind us of the village fishermen scattering rice across the water of the Mi Low river in order to appease the river dragons so that they would not devour Chu Yuan.

Ay Taso The time of year of the Dragon Boat Festival, the fifth lunar moon, has more significance than just the story of Chu Yuan. Many Chinese consider this time of year an especially dangerous time when extra efforts must be made to protect their family from illness. Families will hang various herbs, called Ay Tsao, on their door for protection. The drinking of realgar wine is thought to remove poisons from the body. Hsiang Bao are also worn. These sachets contain various fragrant medicinal herbs thought to protect the wearer from illness.

[中国风俗习惯英语作文

传说古代在很远很远的北方，大地以草木为毛发，而那个地方气候异常的寒冷，草木不生，于是人们把那个地方叫“穷发”。

在那个草木不生的地方，有一片大海，是大自然造就的一片辽阔的水域。在这片水域中，生活着一条硕大无比的鱼，这条鱼的身体有几千里宽，而它的身体有多长呢，谁也说不清楚，这条大鱼的名字就叫做鲲。有一天，这条大鱼变作了一只鸟，也同样是大得不可思议。这只鸟的脊背有泰山那样高大，双翅一展，就像是挂在天空的云彩遮住了半个天空，这只鸟名叫鹏。

这只大鹏鸟打算从北海飞到南海一游，它扇动起两个巨大的翅膀，盘旋直冲天空而形成一股狂飚，大鹏鸟直飞到九万里的高空，那是一个连云气都达不到的地方。大鹏的脊背几乎是紧靠着青天了，然后它再准备朝南海的方向飞去。

有一群小蓬雀活动在一片灌木丛中，整天聚集在蓬刺矮树间跳来跳去、叽叽喳喳，倒也自得其乐十分满足。当它们听说了大鹏鸟上飞高空九万里的事情后，十分惊讶与困惑，它们嚷嚷道：“简直是发了疯了，发了疯了。它干嘛要飞那么高呢?它到底想干什么呢?”其中一只蓬雀以一种批评家的口气说：“我跳跃着向上一飞，也不过几丈高就落下来，我在灌木丛中飞来飞去，悠然自得，我这就是世界上最好的飞翔了，那只奇怪的大鹏干嘛要飞那么高呢?飞那高有什么意义呢?”

看来，这些胸无大志的蓬雀不但不能理解壮志凌云的鲲鹏，反而还讥笑它，这真是小和大的鸿沟，愚蠢和智慧的区别啊。

Zhuang Zhous family was poor. Once, he went to the official who supervised rivers to borrow some grain. The official said:

庄周家境贫穷。一次，他去监河侯那里借粮食，监河侯说:

"Well, wait until the end of the year when I collect the taxes from the people, then I will lend you 300 gold pieces. All right?

“好吧!等到年底，我收到了老百姓的税金时，就借给你三百金，行吗?”

When Zhuang Zhou heard this, he was so angry that the colow of his face changed. But he told the official this story:

庄周一听，气得脸色都变了，但是他却对监河侯讲了这样一件事情:

"When I came here yesterday, on the way I heard a voice calling `Help! I turned my head and saw a small crucian carp in the dried-up carriage ditch.

“我昨天来时，半路上听到‘救命’的呼喊声。我回过头来，看见干涸的车沟里有条小螂鱼。

I went over and asked: `Little crucian carp, why are you calling for help?

我走过去，问它:‘小娜鱼，你为什么喊救命?’

The little crucian carp answered: `I am a subject of the Dragon King of the East China Sea. Unfortunately I fell down here. Can you give me a little water to save my life?

小鲤鱼回答说:‘我是东海龙王的臣子，不幸落到这里。您能够给我一些水来救我活命吗?’

I said: `All right, I am just going to the south to sell ideas to the kings of the States of Wu and Yue. I will ask them to stir up the water of the Xijiang River to welcome you. Will that do?

我说:‘好吧!我正好要去南方游说吴国和越国的国王，那我就请他们激起西江的大水来迎接您，可以吗?’

When the crucian carp heard this, it got angry and said:

卿鱼听了，气得不得了，说:

`When I lose the water which is always with me, I cannot survive. Now, I want only a little bit of water so that I can survive.Yet you say such things. Then youd better go to the salt-fish shop to look for me. "

“我失去了常跟我在一起的水，就无法生存下去了。现在，我只要得到一些水，就能够生存下去;你却说出这样的话。好吧，你不如趁早到咸鱼店里去找我吧!”

Yan Zi was a famous prime minister of the State of Qi during the Spring and Autumn Period.

晏子是春秋时期齐国有名的相国。

One day, Yan Zi went out in a carriage driven by his coachman.

一天，晏子坐着马车外出。一位车夫为他赶车。

The coachmans wife had never seen Yan Zi before and wished to have a look at him. She peeped from behind the door. "Ah,here comes Yan Zi!" She got the impression that though he was the prime minister of the State of Qi, he talked and behaved with great modesty.

车夫的妻子从来没见过晏子，很想看看。她就从门缝中偷偷地观看:“呵，晏子出来了!”她得到的印象是:晏子身为齐国相国，但是言谈举止显得非常谦虚。

But her own husband? Haughty and arrogant, he sat under the big canopy driving the carriage for Yan Zi, yet considering himself unexcelled in the world. She was much ashamed of her husband.

可是，自己的丈夫呢?他坐在车上的大伞下为晏子驾驭马车，却趾高气扬，不可一世。妻子看了十分羞愧。

As soon as the coachman returned home, his wife asked for a divorce. The coachman was baffled, unable to make head or tail of this, and asked angrily:

车夫一进家门，妻子就提出要和他离婚。车夫一时莫名其妙，摸不着头脑，便生气地问:

"A divorce? What is your reason?"

“要离婚?你的理由是什么?”

The wife answered:

妻子回答:

"Yan Zi is}less than 6 chi (Chinese unit of length, 1/3 metre)

tall, but his heart is filled with aspirations and his mind with knowledge. Though he is the prime minister, he is courteous and

treats people prudently when he goes out. But what about you? You are fully 8 chi tall, but you forget that you are only a coachman.

By the side of the prime minister, you dare to look so cocky,consider yourself always in the right, and brandish the whip to urge the horse on in utter complacency. You are so immodest that I cant live with you any longer."

“晏子虽然身高没有六尺，但是他胸怀大志，满腹经纶。他身为相国，外出时，对人彬彬有礼，谦虚谨慎。你呢?身高足有八尺，可是你忘了，你不过是个车夫，却在相国身旁神气十足，自以为是，挥鞭催马，得意忘形。你这样不知谦逊，我不能再和你生活下去了。”

Upon hearing his wifes words, the coachman felt much ashamed. Thereafter he became very careful and prudent in doing things and treated people modestly.

车夫听了妻子的话，觉得很惭愧。从此，他做事小合谨慎，待人谦逊。

Yan Zi noticed the big change in the coachmans behavior and couldnt understand why. So he asked the coachman.

晏子看到车夫变化很大，不知为什么，就询问车夫。

The coachman told Yan Zi his wifes criticism in detail. At

this, Yan Zi was deeply moved. Later Yan Zi recommended him to be a da fu (a senior official).

车夫把妻子对自己的批评一五一十地告诉了晏子。晏子听了，感叹不已。后来，晏子推荐这位车夫出任大夫。

鮣鱼离开自己的船——鲨鱼，想去找一点儿吃的，换涣口味，半路上就逃了回来，她边逃边叫：“出怪事啦，海马爸爸生孩子啦!”

她这一叫，惊动了旗鱼、剑鱼，他们纷纷游过来问：“在哪里?”

“在前面。”鮣鱼回过身子，向前面一指。

自古只有妈妈会生孩子，爸爸怎么会生孩子呢?

剑鱼不相信，说：“你看错了吧，爸爸怎么会生孩子呢?”

“说不定你是把海马妈妈看成海马爸爸了?”旗鱼也怀疑起来。

鮣鱼见剑鱼和旗鱼都不相信自己，急得在水里跳着，大声说：“我怎么会看错哩!”鮣鱼看一眼不远处的鲨鱼，接着往下说：“我每次乘着自己的‘船’到这儿来游玩，总少不了要同海马夫妇见上几次面，他们哪一位是海马妈妈，哪一位是海马爸爸，就是烧成了灰，我也认得出来，怎么会看错呢。”

“爸爸会生孩子，倒是天下奇事，我们去看看。”旗鱼对剑鱼说。

“我带你们去。”鮣鱼自告奋勇，她游到了剑鱼的嘴巴里。

连这么一点点路，鮣鱼也没忘记“乘便船”。

旗鱼和剑鱼来到那个海马身边，看见一个个小海马，正从海马的尾部下两弹出来。

“我没有赖你们吧。”鮣鱼从剑鱼嘴巴里出来后，指着正在生孩子的海马说。

“请问……你是海马妈妈，还是海马爸爸?”旗鱼还有些不放心地问。

“你没看见我在生孩子吗，当然是海马爸爸啰。”海马爸爸说着，又生出了一个小海马。

“哦，我知道啦，你们海马是爸爸生孩子，妈妈不会生孩子的。”剑鱼好像恍然大悟地说。

“剑鱼先生，你可别往我们海马妈妈身上泼脏水呀2”忽然，有个不生孩子的海马气呼呼地在看着剑鱼。郭鱼一看，惊奇地叫起来：“她才是海马妈妈哩。”

“这……这到底是怎么回事呀?”剑鱼和旗鱼更加糊涂了，他们看看不生孩子的海马妈妈，又看看正在生孩子的海马爸爸。

海马妈妈看看剑鱼他们，突然哈哈哈地大笑起来。她边笑边说道：“孩子嘛，确实是我生的。不过，我生他们的时候，还是一颗颗的卵呢。我把他们生在他们爸爸的育儿袋里，孩子们在他们爸爸的育儿袋里成长，变成一个个小海马……”

“哈哈，爸爸生孩子，原来是这么一回事呀!”旗鱼和剑鱼都大笑起来。

“可这活泼泼的孩子，终究是从我这里出去的呀。”海马爸爸“生”完了最后一个小海马，指着自己的育儿袋，调皮地看看绅鱼他们。旗鱼看看海马妈妈，风趣地说：“看样子，你丈夫还不肯放弃这个会生孩子的名誉哩。”

“不过话说回来，我丈夫是个好爸爸，他不但帮助我养儿育女，今后还要负责保护孩子们的安全，一旦他们受惊，或者遇到危险，又会躲进他的育儿袋里去。”海马妈妈深情地看了自己丈夫一眼，补充说，“一直要到孩子们都长大了才离开育儿袋。”

“哦，真是个好爸爸。”旗鱼、剑鱼和鮣鱼告别了海马夫妇，向来的地方游去。当然吗，鮣鱼是不会放弃她“乘便船”的机会的，不过这一回，她钻到了旗鱼的鳃孔里，打算一回到老地方，马上去寻找鲨鱼，因为还要跟着他到各地去旅游呢。

Going South by Driving the Chariot North

Once a man wanted to go to the south, but his carriage was heading north. A passer-by asked him:"If you are going to south, why is your chariot heading north?" The ma answered, "My horse is good at running, My driver is highly skilled at driving a carriage, ad I have enough money."The man didint consider that the direction might be wrong; the better his conditions were, ther further he was away from his destination.

The idiom derived froim this story indicates that ones action was the opposite effect to ones intention.

南辕北辙

从前有个人要到南方去，他坐的车子却向北方行驶。过路人说：“你去南方，车子怎么向北行驶呢?”他回答说：“我的马很能跑路，我的车夫驾车的技术也很高明，加上我又带了充足的路费。”这个人没有考虑到，方向弄反了，他的条件越好，离他要取得地方就越远。

后来人们就把这个故事概括为“南辕北辙”。比喻一个人的行动和他的目的正好相反。

买椟还珠

A man from the state of Chu wanted to sell a precious pearl in the state of

Zheng. He made a casket(小箱，棺材) for the pearl out of the wood from a magnolia(木兰)

tree, which he fumigated(熏制) with spices. He studded the casket with pearls and

jade, ornamented it with red gems and decorated it with kingfisher(翠鸟) feathers.

A man of the state of Zheng bought the casket and gave him back the pearl.

Too luxuriant(丰富的，奢华的) decoration usually supersedes(取代) what really

counts. This man from Chu certainly knew how to sell a casket but he was no good

at selling his pearl. And the man of Zheng didnt know which is really

valuable.

Chinese New Year

Chinese new year is a chinese traditional festival. We also call it the spring festival. It is on lunar january 1st.

On new year’s eve, all the people sit around the desk and have a big family dinner. There are some vegetables, some fish, some meat, some fruits and some drink like juice, coke, pepsi and some nice wine. Overall, this is a good and delicious dinner. After dinner, we always watch tv new year progammes. We have a wonderful evening on new year’s eve.

On the first day of the spring festival, most of people get up early and say “happy new year” to each other. for breakfast, people often eat dumplings and baozi. After breakfast, people often make many delicious foods, and children often play cards, computer games and fireworks. On the second and third day, we visit friends and relatives.

Everyone is busy on chinese new year, and everyone is happy, too.

On May 4, a worthy of our anniversary festival forever. Ninety years ago that a whoop, like giant thunderbolt tore up the old China feudal remnants of the dream of more than two thousand years. On May 4, ninety years ago a group of passionate indignation is young students holding "outside our sovereignty, punish kleptocratic" slogan, uplift the flag of "democracy" and "science" on the ancient capital of Beijings streets. At that time, the great river north and south, inside and outside the Great Wall, support, magnificent and victorious anti-imperialist patriotic struggle from spark become start a prairie fire.

In this movement, uniting the people throughout the country, a common played a tune the era of haoqi forever song. The predominantly young students anti-imperialist patriotic movement, is the first time in the history of Chinese great thorough anti-imperialist and anti-feudal struggle, it takes the great beginning of Chinese new democratic revolution and the history books.

五月四日，一个永远值得我们纪念的节日。九十年前的那一声呐喊，如同擎天霹雳般撕碎了旧中国两千多年的封建残梦。 九十年前的5月4日，一群激情悲愤的青年学生手持“外争国权，内惩国贼”的标语，高扬着“民主”、“科学”的旗帜走上了古都北京的街头。一时间，大江南北、长城内外，群起响应，轰轰烈烈的反帝爱国斗争从星星之火成为燎原之势。

在这次运动中，全国人民同仇敌忾，共同奏起了一曲浩气长存的时代壮歌。这场以青年学生为主的反帝爱国运动，是中国历史上第一次彻底的反帝反封建的伟大斗争，它以中国新民主主义革命的伟大起点而载入史册。

我国的老革命家吴玉章，从小就有强烈的民族自尊心。年轻的时候，他到日本留学，在一所学校里读书。1904年元旦那天，学校把世界各国的国旗都挂出来庆贺，可是没挂中国国旗。吴玉章气愤极了，带着中国学生找到校方负责人，提出抗议说：“为什么不挂中国国旗?学校如果不道歉，不纠正错误，我们就罢课，绝食。”

校方不满意地说：“平日我们对你那么好，你家经济困难，我们不催你缴学费，还发给你零花钱，你为什么带头反对学校?”吴玉章严肃地说：“学校对我 好，我很感谢。但是挂旗这件事是关系国家荣辱的大事。我不能不誓死力争啊!”校方只好承认了错误。

10年以后，吴玉章已经成为一个革命家了。有一次出国，他坐在日本的轮船上，正好又赶上1914年元旦。船上挂起万国旗庆贺，可仍然没挂中国国旗。

吴玉章记起10年前的那件事，痛心地想：祖国贫弱，政府无能，被外国人瞧不起，挂国旗也想不到中国!可我是中国人，能眼看祖国的尊严受到伤害却视而不见吗? 于是，他毫不犹豫地带领船上的中国同胞向船长提出抗议。船长见中国人这样爱国，又这样心齐，慌忙赔礼道了歉。

蜀后主刘禅建兴三年（公元225年），蛮王孟获联合金环三洞兵马反叛，建宁三郡也归附了孟获，永昌危急。

为了平息后方叛乱，诸葛亮亲率大军南征。首先用离间之计平息了建宁三郡叛乱，解了永昌之急。又用激将之法破了三洞人马。最后诱敌设伏，在锦带山活捉了孟获。诸葛亮让战俘们吃饱饭，然后全部释放，说：“你们的父母兄弟、妻子儿女都靠在门上等着你们呢；如果听说战败了，一定会割肚牵肠，眼中流血。你们都回去吧。”诸葛亮又问孟获：“你今天被捉，心服吗？”孟获说：“我不小心中了你的鬼计，怎么会服！你放我回去，让我整顿军马，来决一死战；如果再能捉我，我才心服。”诸葛亮就把他放了。

“割肚牵肠”形容非常牵挂，很不放心。

以下是为大家整理的关于以中国的环境污染为话题的初中英语作文的文章，希望大家能够喜欢！

Directions:For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic:

Pollution: An Increasing Concern in China You should write at least120 words following the outline below in Chinese.

1. 中国的污染的现状

2. 造成污染的原因

3. 解决的办法

Pollution: An Increasing Concern in China

It is reported that ten big cities in China are being ranked among the top twenty cities with the highest pollution index in the world. This means it is high time we did something to bring the situation under control.Many factors are contributing to the deteriorating situation: industrial wastes pumped into the air， the lakes and rivers; a increasing number of automobiles crowding into the streets; the widespread use of plastic bags etc.

To my view， stiffer laws and regulations must be implemented to check pollution. Industries that release wastes without permission should be heavily fined. Cars should be equipped to minimize the exhaust they release into the air. And the use of plastic bags and disposable meal boxes should be banned. What’s more， the media should play an important role in implanting a sense of environmental consciousness into people’s mind. If everybody works toward a common goal of making the environment better， we can create a cleaner and lovelier world for us and for the coming generation.

一饭千金

韩信小时家中贫寒，父母双亡。他虽然用功读书、拼命习武，然而，挣钱的本事却一个也不会。迫不得已，他只好到别人家吃“白食”。为此常遭别人冷眼。韩信咽不下这口气，就来到淮水边垂钓，用鱼换饭吃，经常饥一顿饱一顿。淮水边上有个老奶奶为人家漂洗纱絮，人称“漂母”。她见韩信挨饿挺可怜，就把自己带的饭分一半给他吃。天天如此，从未间断，韩信发誓要报答漂母之恩。韩信被封为“淮阴侯”后对漂母分食之恩始终没忘，派人四处寻找，最后以千金相赠。这就是“一饭千金

望梅止渴

有一年夏天，曹操率领部队去讨伐张绣，天气热得出奇，骄阳似火，天上一丝云彩也没有，部队在弯弯曲曲的山道上行走，两边密密的树木和被阳光晒得滚烫的山石，让人透不过气来。到了中午时分，士兵的衣服都湿透了，行军的速度也慢下来，有几个体弱的士兵竟晕倒在路边。

曹操看行军的速度越来越慢，担心贻误战机，心里很是着急。可是，眼下几万人马连水都喝不上，又怎么能加快速度呢?他立刻叫来向导，悄悄问他：“这附近可有水源?”向导摇摇头说：“泉水在山谷的那一边，要绕道过去还有很远的路程。”曹操想了一下说，“不行，时间来不及。”他看了看前边的树林，沉思了一会儿，对向导说：“你什么也别说，我来想办法。”他知道此刻即使下命令要求部队加快速度也无济于事。脑筋一转，办法来了，他一夹马肚子，快速赶到队伍前面，用马鞭指着前方说：“士兵们，我知道前面有一大片梅林，那里的梅子又大又好吃，我们快点赶路，绕过这个山丘就到梅林了!”士兵们一听，仿佛已经吃到嘴里，精神大振，步伐不由得加快了许多。

故事出自《世说新语假谲》。成语“望梅止渴

悬梁刺股

东汉时候，有个人名叫孙敬，是著名的政治家。他年轻时勤奋好学，经常关起门，独自一人不停地读书。每天从早到晚读书，常常是废寝忘食。读书时间长，劳累了，还不休息。时间久了，疲倦得直打瞌睡。他怕影响自己的读书学习，就想出了一个特别的办法。古时候，男子的头发很长。他就找一根绳子，一头牢牢的绑在房梁上。当他读书疲劳时打盹了，头一低，绳子就会牵住头发，这样会把头皮扯痛了，马上就清醒了，再继续读书学习。

这就时孙敬悬梁的故事。

战国时期，有一个人名叫苏秦，也是出名的政治家。在年轻时，由于学问不多不深，曾到好多地方做事，都不受重视。回家后，家人对他也很冷淡，瞧不起他。这对他的刺激很大。所以，他下定决心，发奋读书。他常常读书到深夜，很疲倦，常打盹，直想睡觉。他也想出了一个方法，准备一把锥子，一打瞌睡，就用锥子往自己的大腿上刺一下。这样，猛然间感到疼痛，使自己清醒起来，再坚持读书。这就使苏秦"刺股"的故事。

从孙敬和苏秦两个人读书的故事引申出"悬梁刺股

张玄素任景州录事参军时，唐太宗召见他，询问他为政之道。张玄素说：“隋炀帝喜欢专断大小事务，不信任大臣，以一个人智慧来决断天下的事，最终走向了灭亡！陛下要是能够谨慎选择大臣，观察和考核他们的政绩而加以赏罚，何必忧虑国家治理不好呢！另外，我观察到隋末战乱不止，其实真正想夺取天下的不过就那十几个人，为非作歹的很少，大多数都是为了保卫自己的家乡，等待着归附有道的明主。很少有人了解百姓为什么作乱，只是人君不会安抚而已！”太宗就擢升他为侍御史。

贞观四年，唐太宗要重修洛阳宫乾阳殿。张玄素说：“我曾经见过隋朝修宫殿，在豫章（今南昌）伐木材，两千人拉一根大木，铁做的车毂走不了几里就坏了，需要几百人抬着备用的车毂跟着，一天走不上三十里地。从前阿房宫修成了，秦朝就灭亡了；章华宫修成了，楚国也衰败了；乾阳殿完工了，隋朝也解体了。现在我们国力不及隋朝，百姓刚刚遭受战乱──我恐怕陛下的过错比隋炀帝还大。”太宗说：“你说我还不如隋炀帝了吗？”就停修了。

魏征知道了，说：“张公论事，有回天之力。”

“回天之力”比喻能挽回严重局势的力量。

乡村真美。此时正值夏季，田里的小麦都呈现金黄色而燕麦依然青绿。干草被堆放在低洼的草地上，广阔的树林围绕着

田野和草地，树林的中央有多处深邃的湖泊，在阳光最充足的地方矗立着一栋老旧的大宅邸。这栋宅邸被一条深长的壕沟所包围，茂盛的

叶子从这栋房子干部上的藤蔓往下长，延伸到河水的边缘。其中有一些叶子很大，小孩子可以拿它们来当雨伞。

在森林的深处有一只母鸭子坐在她的巢中，她的小鸭子们即将孵出来。

终于蛋一个接一个地开始裂了。 “吱，吱！”小鸭们叫着。“呱，呱！”母鸭回道。“这个世界好大啊！”小鸭子异口同声道。

The countryside was lovely. It was summer. The wheat was golden and the oats were still

green. The hay was stacked in the low-lying meadows. There lay great woods around the fields and meadows.

There were deep lakes in the midst of the woods. In the sunniest spot stood an old mansion surrounded by a deep moat.

Great leaves grew from the vines on the walls of the house right down to the waters edge.

Some of the leaves were so big that a child could use them as an umbrella.

In the depths of a forest a duck was sitting in her nest. Her little ducklings were about to be hatched.

At last one egg after another began to crack." Cheep, cheep!" the ducklings said." Quack, quack!" said the duck.

" How big the world is!" said all the young ones.

但最大的蛋依旧在那儿，于是她又再坐回她的巢中。

一只年长的鸭子过来拜访她说：“喂！你近来可好吗？”坐着的母鸭回答说：“这枚蛋花了很长的时间，

壳偏偏还不裂开，不过其他的小鸭都是最完美的鸭子，他们很像他们的爸爸。”

年长的鸭子说：“让我看看那枚不会裂开的蛋，你或许是坐在一枚火鸡的蛋上！我曾经像那样被骗过一次。不错，那是火鸡的蛋！

你最好不要管它，去教其它的小鸭游泳吧。”

“我要再多坐一会儿。”

But the biggest egg was still there. And then she settled herself on the nest again.

"Well, how are you getting on?" said an old duck who came to pay her a visit." This egg is taking such a long time," answered the sitting duck."

The shell will not crack, but the others are the finest ducklings. They are like their father."

"let me look at the egg which wont crack," said the old duck." You may be sitting on a turkeys egg!

I have been cheated like that once. Yes. its a turkeys egg!

You had better leave it alone and teach the other children to swim."

"I will sit on it a little longer."

终于这枚巨蛋裂开了。这小子可真是又大又丑！她说：“那是一只非常巨大的鸭子，其他的小鸭没有一只看起来像他一样。

他会是火鸡的孩子吗？我会尽快查清楚，我将叫他下水去。”

隔天这只母鸭带着她的一家人走到壕沟。

她跳入水中，“呱，呱，”她说，小鸭们一只接一只地跳进河里。

这只又大又丑的鸭子跟着他们一起游来游去，她说：“不是的，那不是火鸡。呱，呱！现在跟我来，我将带你们去参观这个世界，

要一直靠近我并小心猫！”第一天过去了，一切都还顺利。

At last the big egg cracked. How big and ugly the baby was! " That is a very big duckling." she said,

" None of the others look like that. Can he be a turkeys chick?

I will soon find out. I will make him go into water."

The next day the mother duck with her family went down to the moat. She said, and one duckling jumped in after another.

The big ugly one swam about with them." No, that is no turkey," she said," Quack, quack! Now come with me

and I will take you into the world. Keep close to me all the time. Be careful of the cat!"

The first day passed, and everything was fine.

之后，事情愈来愈糟。这只可怜的小鸭被所有的小鸭追逐和骚扰，因为他长得很丑。大鸭们咬他，母鸡们啄他，

而喂食他们的女孩把他踢到旁边去。于是他离家出走，不久就来到一片野鸭住的广阔沼泽。

他双疲倦又痛苦，因此他整晚都在那里。

早上这群野鸭们飞来看他们的新朋友。这些野鸭说：“你长得非常丑，但那对我们来说无所谓。”他在那里整整待了两天，

然后有两只野雁飞过来。就在那个时候，他听到“砰！砰！”的声音，那两只野雁摔落在芦苇丛中死了。

对这只可怜的小鸭子来说，那是一项很可怕的冲击。

Afterwards, matters grew worse and worse. The poor duckling was chased and harassed by all the ducklings because he was very ugly.

The ducks bit him, the hens pecked him. and the girl who fed them kicked him aside. Then he ran off and soon came to a great marsh where the wild ducks lived.

He was so tired and miserable that he stayed there the whole night.

In the morning the wild ducks flew up to see their new friend." You are very ugly," said the wild ducks," but that does not matter to us."

He stayed there two whole days . And then two wild geese came.

Just at that moment the sound of "Bang! Bang!" was heard, and both the wild geese fell dead among the reeds.

It was a terrible shock to the poor duckling.

一只巨大的狗出现在他的身边，离他很近。这只狗露出锐利的牙齿，继续往前走，没有碰他。

这只小鸭叹息说：“哦，谢谢老天爷！我是这么丑，因此连狗都不会咬我！”

晚上他来到一间小屋。这间小屋住着一位老婆婆和她的猫及母鸡。她的视力不好，以为这只小鸭是一只肥鸭。

她说：“要是我有了鸭蛋，我就发财了，”因此她留这只小鸭住了3个星期，但他并没有下蛋。

这只猫是这间房子的主人，而这只母鸡是女主人。

A big dog appeared close beside him. He showed his sharp teeth and went on without touching him.

"Oh, thank Heaven! I am so ugly that even the dog wont bite me!"

sighed the duckling.

In the evening he reached a little cottage where an old woman lived with her cat and her hen.

Her eyesight was not good, and she thought the duckling was a fat duck.

"I will be rich if I have duck eggs," she said.

So she took in the duckling for three weeks, but he laid no eggs.The cat was the master of the house

and the hen was the mistress.

母鸡说：“你能不能下蛋呢？”

小鸭回答说：“不能。”

这只猫说：“那么你最好离开到外面广阔的世界去。”就这样这只小鸭离开了。

有一天晚上，太阳刚刚下山，此时有一群漂亮的大鸟从矮树丛飞出来。

小鸭心想：“我从来没有看过这么漂亮的东西。”

"Can you lay eggs?" asked the hen.

"No," answered the duckling.

"Then you had better go out into the wide world," said the cat. So away went the duckling.

One evening the sun was just setting when a flock of beautiful large birds appeared out of the bushes.

The duckling thought," Ive never seen anything so beautiful."

他们有长长的脖子，全身是令人眩目的白色。他们是天鹅，他并不知道这些鸟是什么鸟。

冬天非常地寒冷刺骨，因此这只小鸭在水中游来游去以免冻僵了。

太阳又开始温暖地照耀着，云雀在歌唱，美丽的春天已经来临了。突然这只小鸭举起他的翅膀， 而翅膀拍动的力气要比以前大，

不知不觉中，他发觉自己已置身在一座巨大的花园里，花园里的苹果树开满了花，紫丁香长长的枝桠垂挂在湖岸边。

就在他的面前，他看到三只美丽的白天鹅向他游过来。

They were dazzlingly white with long necks. They were swans.

He did not know what the birds were.

The winter was so bitterly cold that the duckling swam about in the water to keep himself from freezing.

The sun began to shine warmly again. The larks were singing and beautiful spring had come.

Then, all at once, the duckling raised his wings and they flapped with much greater strength than before.

Before he knew it, he found himself in a large garden where the apple trees were in

full blossom and long branches of lilacs overhung the shores of the lake.

Just in front of him he saw three beautiful white swans swimming towards him.

“我将朝他们飞去而他们将会把我劈成粉碎，因为我长得非常丑。

不过没有关系，我宁愿被他们杀死也不愿被那些鸭子咬或是被那些母鸡啄。”

因此他飞入水中朝这些天鹅游过去，他们看到他就向他冲过来。

“杀死我吧，噢，杀死我吧！”可怜的小鸭说着朝水中低头，等待死亡的来临。

但他在清澈的水中看到什么样了呢？

"I will fly to them and they will hack me to pieces because I am so ugly.

But it doesnt matter. I would rather be killed by them than be bitten by the ducks or pecked by the hens."

So he flew into the water and swam towards the swans. They saw him and darted towards him.

"Kill me! Oh, kill me!" said the poor duckling,

and he waited for his death bowing his head towards the water.

But what did he see in the clear water? He was no longer a dark gray ugly bird.

他不再是只黑灰丑陋的鸟，他竟然是一只天鹅！

有些小孩手拿玉米和面包来到这个花园，将这些东西投入水中。

个子最小的那个孩子兴高采烈地大叫：“有一只新来的天鹅。”其他的孩子大叫：

“对啊！来了一只新的。”

他对着自己说：“当我是那只丑小鸭的时候，我从来也没梦想过我能够这么快乐！”

He was himself a swan!

Some children came into the garden with corn and pieces of bread, which they threw into the water.

The smallest child shouted with joy," There is a new one."

The other children shouted, "Yes, a new one has come."

He said to himself,

" I never dreamed that I could be so happy when I was the ugly duckling!"

叶公好龙

In the Spring and Autumn Period, there lived in Chu a person named Chu

Zhuliang, who addressed himself as "Lord Ye".

Its said that this Lord Ye was very fond of dragons. The walls had dragons

painted on them. The beams, pillars, doors and the windows were all carved with

them. As a result, his love for dragons was spread out. When the real dragon in

heaven heard of this Lord Ye, he was deeply moved. He decided to visit Lord Ye

to thank him.

You might think Lord Ye was very happy to see a real dragon. But, actually,

at very the sight of the creature, he was scared out of his wits and ran away as

fast as he could.

From then on, people knew that Lord Ye only loved pictures or carvings

which look like dragons, not the real thing.

海瑞(1514年-1587年)，字汝贤，号刚峰，广东琼山(今属海南)人。明朝著名清官。海瑞一生，经历了正德、嘉靖、隆庆、万历四朝。

1549年(嘉靖二十八年)海瑞参加乡试中举，初任福建南平教渝，后升浙江淳安和江西兴国知县，推行清丈、平赋税，并屡平冤假错案，打击贪官污吏，深得民心。得到提升，历任州判官、户部主事、兵部主事、尚宝丞、两京左右通政、右佥都御史等职。他打击豪强，疏浚河道，修筑水利工程，力主严惩贪官污吏，禁止循私受贿，并推行一条鞭法，强令贪官污吏退田还民，遂有“海青天”之誉。

1587年(万历十五年)，海瑞病死于南京官邸。赠太子太保，谥忠介。海瑞死后，关于他的传说故事，民间广为流传。

【海瑞的刚正不阿】

在严嵩掌权的日子里，别说是严家父子，就是他们手下的同党，也没有一个不是依官仗势，作威作福的。上至朝廷大臣，下至地方官吏，谁都让他们几分。

可是在浙江淳安县里，有一个小小知县，却能够秉公办事，对严嵩下面同党，一点不讲情面。他的名字叫海瑞。

海瑞是广东琼山人。他从小死了父亲，靠母亲抚养长大，家里生活十分贫苦。二十多岁他中了举人后，做过县里的学堂教谕，教育学生十分严格认真。不久，上司把他调到浙江淳安做知县。过去，县里的官吏审理案件，大多是接受贿赂，胡乱定案的。海瑞到了淳安，认真审理积案。不管什么疑难案件，到了海瑞手里，都一件件调查得水落石出，从不冤枉好人。当地百姓都称他是“青天”。

海瑞的顶头上司浙江总督胡宗宪，是严嵩的同党，仗着他有后台，到处敲榨勒索，谁敢不顺他心，就该谁倒霉。

有一次，胡宗宪的儿子带了一大批随从经过淳安，住在县里的官驿里。要是换了别的县份，官吏见到总督大人的公子，奉承都来不及。可是在淳安县，海瑞立下一条规矩，不管大官贵戚，一律按普通客人招待。

胡宗宪的儿子，平时养尊处优惯了，看到驿吏送上来的饭菜，认为是有意怠慢他，气得掀了饭桌子，喝令随从，把驿吏捆绑起来，倒吊在梁上。

驿里的差役赶快报告海瑞。海瑞知道胡公子招摇过境，本来已经感到厌烦;现在竟吊打起驿吏来，就觉得非管不可了。

海瑞听完差役的报告，装作镇静地说：“总督是个清廉的大臣。他早有吩咐，要各县招待过往官吏，不得铺张浪费。现在来的那个花花公子，排场阔绰，态度骄横，不会是胡大人的公子。一定是什么地方的坏人冒充公子，到本县来招摇撞骗的。”

说着，他立刻带了一大批差役赶到驿馆，把胡宗宪儿子和他的随从统统抓了起来，带回县衙审讯。一开始，那个胡公子仗着父亲的官势，暴跳如雷，但海瑞一口咬定他是假冒公子，还说要把他重办，他才泄了气。海瑞又从他的行装里，搜出几千两银子，统统没收充公，还把他狠狠教训一顿，撵出县境。

等胡公子回到杭州向他父亲哭诉的时候，海瑞的报告也已经送到巡抚衙门，说有人冒充公子，非法吊打驿吏。胡宗宪明知道他儿子吃了大亏，但是海瑞信里没牵连到他，如果把这件事声张起来，反而失了自己的体面，就只好打落门牙往肚子里咽了。

过了不久，又有一个京里派出的御史鄢懋卿(鄢音yān，懋音mào)被派到浙江视察。鄢懋卿是严嵩的干儿子，敲榨勒索的手段更狠。他到一个地方，地方官吏要是不“孝敬”他一笔大钱，他是不肯放过的。各地官吏听到鄢懋卿要来视察的消息，都犯了愁。但是鄢懋卿偏又要装出一副奉公守法的样子，他通知各地，说他向来喜欢简单朴素，不爱奉迎。

海瑞听说鄢懋卿要到淳安，给鄢懋卿送了一封信去，信里说：“我们接到通知，要我们招待从简。可是据我们得知，您每到一个地方都是大摆筵席，花天酒地。这就叫我们为难啦!要按通知办事，就怕怠慢了您：要是像别地方一样铺张，只怕违背您的意思。请问该怎么办才好。”

鄢懋卿看到这封信揭了他的底，直恼得咬牙切齿。但是他早听说海瑞是个铁面无私的硬汉，又知道胡宗宪的儿子刚在淳安吃过大亏，有点害怕，就临时改变主意，绕过淳安，到别处去了。

为了这件事，鄢懋卿对海瑞怀恨在心，后来，指使他的同党在明世宗面前狠狠告了海瑞一状，海瑞终于被撤了淳安知县的职务。

到严嵩倒了台，鄢懋卿也被充军到外地，海瑞恢复了官职，后来又被调到京城。

海瑞到了京城，对明世宗的昏庸和朝廷的腐败情况，见得更多了。那时候，明世宗已经有二十多年没有上朝，他躲在宫里一个劲儿跟一些道士们鬼混。一些朝臣谁也不敢说话。海瑞虽然官职不大，却大胆写一道奏章向明世宗直谏。他把明王朝造成的腐败现象痛痛快快地揭露出来。他在奏章上写道：“现在吏贪官横，民不聊生。天下的老百姓对陛下早就不满了。”

海瑞把这道奏章送上去以后，自己估计会触犯明世宗，可能保不住性命。回家的路上，顺道买了一口棺材。他的妻子和儿子看到全吓呆了。海瑞把这件事告诉了亲人们，并且把他死后的事一件件交代好，把家里的仆人也都打发走了，准备随时被捕处死。

果然，海瑞这道奏章在朝廷引起了一场轰动。明世宗看了，又气又恨，把奏章扔在地上，跟左右侍从说：“快把这个人抓起来，别让他跑了!”

旁边有个宦官早就听到海瑞的名声，跟明世宗说：“这个人是个出名的书呆子，他早知道触犯了陛下活不成，把后事都安排了。我看他是不会逃走的。”

后来，明世宗还是下命令把海瑞抓了起来，交给锦衣卫严刑拷问：直到明世宗死去，海瑞才得到释放。

魏文侯讲诚信

战国时代，魏国的第一个国君叫魏文侯，由于他处处诚信待人，无论当官的还是普通百姓，都敬重他，魏国因此迅速强大起来。

有一次，他和管理山林的人约定，次日下午到郊外去打猎练兵。到了次日，下朝后举行宴会，魏文侯准备在宴会一结束，就去打猎练兵。可是，宴会快结束的时候，天上忽然下起了瓢泼大雨，看看快到中午了，雨还是不停，而且越下越大，魏文侯起身对席间的众臣说：“对不起，我要告辞了。赶快准备车马，我要到郊外去打猎练兵，那里已有人在等我了。”众臣一见国君要冒雨出门，都走上来劝阻。这个说：“天下这么大的.雨，怎么能出门呢?”那个说：“去了也无法打猎练兵!”魏文侯看看天色说：“打猎练兵是不成了，可是得告诉一下那位管理山林的人哪!”众臣中有一位自告奋勇的人说：“那好，我马上去告诉。”魏文侯把手一摆说：“慢，要告诉得我自己去。昨天是我亲自跟人家约定的，如今失约，我要亲自跟人家道歉才行。”说完大步跨出门外，顶着大雨往管理山林人的住处去。