胸有成竹成语故事视频动画(精选20篇)

“春风化雨”系由“春风”及“化雨”二语词组合而成。

“春风”是出自汉．刘向《说苑．卷五．贵德》。

根据记载，孟简子曾经在梁和卫当过宰相，获罪后逃亡齐国，管仲前来迎接并且问在梁和卫时门下有多少人？至今还跟随在身边的有几人？孟简子回答说从前门下有三千使者，现在只剩三人跟在我身边。其中两个是因为在没钱时，我出钱帮他们埋葬父亲和母亲，另一个是因兄长被关，我代为出力营救。

管仲听了之后，上车时感叹说：“如果我不能像春风给人感化和恩泽，也不能像夏雨一样及时加惠于民，我必定会失败。”

“化雨”则是出自《孟子．尽心上》，内容是写君子有种教人的方法，分别是像及时雨一样及时的润育教化、成就他的德行、通达他的才能、应答他的问题以及没有在门下受业，但私自以君子的言行为榜样，来培养自身这五种。

后来这两个成语典故被合用成“春风化雨”，用来指适合草木生长的和风及雨水；亦用于比喻师长和蔼亲切的教导。

春风化雨的成语故事延伸

【注音】chūn fēng huà yǔ

【出处】战国·孟轲《孟子·尽心上》：“有如时春风雨化之者。”

【解释】化雨：适时的雨。像用和暖的春风吹拂人；似及时的雨水滋润大地一样。适宜于植物生长的风和雨。比喻良好教育的普遍深入，也用来称颂师长的教诲。

【用法】联合式；作定语；含褒义，用于赞颂师长的教诲得当。

【近义词】化雨均沾、春风风人、春风夏雨

【反义词】误人子弟

【例句】王老师春风化雨数十年，桃李满天下。

与春天有关的成语故事：春风化雨点评

在现代社会来看，春风化雨这个成语大多用来形容师长的教诲，不知道你们是否已经遇到了良师益友了呢？也许现在你并不觉得对你的人生起了多大的作用，但是等你长大了，你就会明白，你有多幸运遇到了这群帮助你走向更好的人。

“牛鼎烹鸡”这则成语的意思是比喻对有才的人使用不当，大材小用。

这个成语来源于《后汉书.边让传》，函牛之鼎以烹鸡，多汁则淡而不可食，小汁则熬而不可熟。

东汉末年，在陈留地方有位叫边让的人，很有名气。大将军何进便将他招来，命他作令史官。朝廷的议郎蔡邕听说边让在何进那里，心想：“边让这个人才学不凡，应该作更高一些的官。”便亲自到何进家里去，劝说他把边让推荐出去，让他担任再大些的官。

蔡邕说：“我看边让这个人，真是才能超群呀，他聪明贤智，心通性达，非礼不动，非法不言，实在是难得的奇才呵。俗语说，‘用煮牛的大锅来煮一只小鸡，水放多了，味道没了，就不好吃了；水放少了，则煮不熟，更不能吃了。’这说的是大器小用，所以是不相宜的。我现在忧虑的是，这个煮牛的大锅没有用来煮牛，希望将军仔细考虑一下，给边让一个施展才能的机会。”

同学们，你们一定听过一个成语故事，叫“刻舟求剑”吧！

有一个楚国人搭乘一艘小船要渡江，在半途中一不小心把剑掉落在江水中，当时这个楚国人为了赶路，没有把落在水中的剑捞上来，而是用刀在剑落下去的地方刻了个记号，想等办完事后依照记号把剑找回来。可这个自以为聪明的楚国人并没有想到剑落入水里的位置和在船上作的记号没有关系。后来人们用“刻舟求剑”这个成语来形容做事在板固执，不知变通的人。

同学们，我们也是一样的，在学习上遇到了难题，不能总是用一个方法来解答，要知道变通，想其他的方法，要善于动脑筋。会思考，会动脑筋，善于变通的人就会用一些比较简单而不容易出现错误的解题方案来。我们一定不要象那个楚国人一样动死脑筋哦！

邻居劝告他说："赶快把羊圈修一修，堵上那个窟窿吧!"

他说："羊已经丢了，还修羊圈干什么呢?"没有接受邻居的劝告。

第二天早上，他准备出去放羊，到羊圈里一看，发现又少了一只羊。原来狼又从窟窿里钻进来，把羊叼走了。

他很后悔，不该不接受邻居的劝告，就赶快堵上那个窟窿，把羊圈修补得结结实实。从此，他的羊再也没有被狼叼走的了。

小故事大道理：羊因为羊圈的空缺被狼叼走了再去修补羊圈，还不算晚。比喻出了问题以后想办法补救，可以防止继续受损失。

它说明：羊丢了，把羊圈修补起来，剩下的羊就不会再丢。:犯了错误，立即改正，就能减少错误。遭到失误，及时采取补救措施，则可以避免继续出现的损失。

出自：《三国志.蜀书.诸葛亮传评》，诸葛亮之相国也......开诚心，布公道。

解释：人们把“开诚心，布公道”简为成语“开诚布公”，用来比喻诚意待人，坦白无私。

成语故事：

三国时，蜀汉的丞相诸葛亮极得皇帝刘备的信用。刘备临终前，曾将自己的儿子刘禅托付给他，请他帮助刘禅治理天下，并且诚恳地表示，你能辅佐他就辅佐 他，如果他不好好听你话，干出危害国家的事来，你就取而代之。 刘备死后，诸葛亮尽全力帮助平庸的后主刘禅治理国家。有人劝他进爵称王，他严词拒绝，并认为自已受先帝委托，已经担任了这么高的官职；如今讨伐曹魏没见什 么成效，却要加官进爵，这样做是不义的。 诸葛亮待人处事公正合理，不徇私情。马谡（su）是他非常看重的一位将军，在攻打曹魏时当前锋。因为违反节制，失守街亭，诸葛亮严守军令状规定，忍痛杀了 他。马谡临刑前上书诸葛亮，说自己虽然死去，在九泉之下也没有怨恨。诸葛亮自已也为失守街亭等承担责任，请求后主批准他由丞相降为右将军。他还特地下令， 要下属批评他的缺点和错误。这在当时是罕见的。 公元234年，诸葛亮病死于军中。他一生清贫，并无什么产业留给后代。

释义

杞国人担心天要塌下来。比喻没有根据的忧虑是不必要的。

出处

战国列御寇《列子天瑞》。

故事

从前，杞国有个人，一天到晚吃不好饭，睡不好觉，整天提心吊胆害怕天要塌下来，地会陷下去。一天，他走在旷野上，心想这时候天要是塌下来，连个躲的地方都没有，肯定会被砸成肉饼的。他躲进房屋里，又想天要是这么一大块地砸下来，房屋不也被砸倒了吗？砸倒的房屋不也要压到自己头上来了吗？

他像一头丧家之犬东奔西逃，突然，他发现路边有个山洞，赶忙爬进洞里躲起来，这下他彻底放心了，悠悠然地观赏洞外的风光。有蓝天、白云、绿树，心情舒畅极了。但他马上又想如果天塌下来不把洞口堵死了吗？暗无天日，不憋死，也一定饿死。他赶忙窜出去，连滚带爬地来到大路上。天瓦蓝瓦蓝的，几朵白云悠悠飘过。看见天离地面还很远，一时半时还塌不下来。这样想着，他才放心走起路来。

走不多远，到了一块洼地，突然，他惊叫起来：“这块地不是陷下去了吗？”他拼命似地大声叫喊，就越觉得陷得深。他没命地往高处攀，花了九牛二虎之力，总算坐到一条路上，连连说：“真险，真险。”

前面一条石子路，大风过处，尘土飞扬，他赶忙闭上眼睛，不料，脚踩着的石子滑了一下，他以为地动起来，所站的地方马上就要陷下去了，陷成一个洞，下面水冒上来，上面石子落下去，自己就会在中间活活埋葬，于是赶快挪开！可是每移到一个地方，他都觉得只有这地方才会陷，别的地方不陷，又胡乱地乱跑一通，看到一棵大树，猛地一跃，抓住树枝，谁知抓着的树枝承受不了他的重量，断了，他重重地摔到地面上，爬起来，一瘸一拐地往家里走去。

当他看到自己那座破房子的时候，他眉头紧皱，如果呆在家里，地陷了，怎么办？最佳的办法是房屋要建得像一艘船，地陷了，还能飘在水面，再做几把桨，还能乘风破浪，哈哈，妙主意！可是，他转念又想，要是水面也塌了呢？和房屋一起在无边无际的黑暗中有始无终地坠落，怎么办？想着想着，他不敢睁眼，神情恍惚，到家就睡着了。

战国末期，秦国有一个大商人，名叫吕不韦，他因在赵国经商时，曾资助过秦庄襄王（名子楚，当时在赵国做质子抵押品）又把他的妾赵姬送给子楚为妻，待子楚接王位后，便被封为文信侯，官居相国。庄襄王在位仅三年便病死了，由他十三岁的儿子政（赵姬所生）接王位，便是历史上有名的秦始皇，尊吕不韦为仲父，行政大权全操在吕不韦和赵姬的手中。

当时养士之风甚盛，有名的战国四公子便都养有门客数千人，吕不韦也养了三千门客，作为他的智囊，想出种种办法来巩固他的政权。这些门客，三教九流的人，应有尽有，他们各人有各人的见解和心得；都提出来写在书面上。汇集起来，成了一部二十余万言的巨着，提名“吕氏春秋”。吕不韦就把这部书作为秦国统一天下的经典。当时吕氏把这书在秦国首都咸阳公布：悬了赏格，说有人能在书中增加一字或减一字者，就赏赐千金（合黄金一斤）。

这段记载，见“史记”：“吕不韦传”。后来的人，根据这个故事，引申成“一字千金”一句成语，用来形容一篇文章的价值很高，或者称赞一篇文章在修辞上特别出色，字字珠矶，不可多得。例如我们读到一位名学者的新作，他提出了一个新的教学方法，不但能提高学生的学业程度和品质，还能相应增加教师本身的进修，对这样的一篇价值极高的文章，我们便可说它“一字千金”了。在近代的社会中，样样都成了商品，文章也不列外，那么我们说，某著作家的一篇文章，稿费价格之高，相当于“一字千金”。不过，通常我们还是用来形容文章的价值或修辞的美妙比较妥当。

西汉末年，刘秀起兵打败了王莽的新朝，又镇压和收编了河北、山东一带的农民起义军，在洛阳建立东汉王朝，自己做了皇帝（即光武帝）。

在东汉建立之初，国内尚未统一，许多地方势力占据某些州郡和东汉抗争。有的虽然表示臣服东汉，实际上都仍旧保留地盘，并不甘服。而部分比较强大的农民军也相当活跃。刘秀花了5年多时间，才算打下了一个基本统一的局面，只剩甘肃的隗嚣和四川的公孙述两大军阀。这时，隗嚣表面上已向刘秀称臣，并且把儿子送到洛阳任官，表示归顺。公孙述自称蜀王，拥兵数十万，盘踞四川山区。因交通困难，刘秀对这两个人，暂不想征战，企图把连续苦战多年的部队好好整顿和休养一下再说。

据《后汉书·隗嚣传》载，当时刘秀曾对将领们说：“且当置此两子于度外耳！”（姑且把这两人丢在一边，暂不考虑吧！）后来，刘秀终于发兵，先消灭了隗嚣，接着又把公孙述的独立王国攻破。

上述《后汉书》所载刘秀那句话，就是成语“置之度外”的来历。

可是，妈妈讲的太慢了，也太少了，听到石老师说要看这本书，我立马让爸爸给我买来看，看着看着，我就被成语里面的小故事给吸引住了。真的是太让我爱不释手了，“成语爷爷”真的是太有智慧了，每个成语的背后都有一个故事，让我为之深深地吸引。

其中有一个“拔苗助长”的成语故事给我留下了深刻印象，说的是一个人总是觉得他的禾苗长得太慢了，于是就拔出这些禾苗想让它长得快一些，但是因为禾苗离开了土地就全部死掉了……

我喜欢《成语故事》这本书，它让我们学到了知识，明白了事理。

东汉末年，袁绍手下有一员智勇双全的大将，名叫张合。

有一次，袁绍与曹操各自率领军队，在官渡(今河南省中牟县东北)进行决战。袁绍害怕自己粮草不足，就命令淳于琼专门负责督运粮草，屯粮于乌巢。此时曹操的粮食不多了，想迅速结束战争，就赶往乌巢袭击淳于琼。

张合对袁绍进行劝谏，劝他不要小看曹操，应当派遣重兵保住乌巢，否则军队没了粮食，后果不堪设想。而袁绍手下的谋士郭图，却认为乌巢的形势没有那么严重，应该调动主要兵力袭击曹操的大本营。张合觉得这样做占不到什么便宜，坚决反对。

袁绍对郭图非常信任，只派小部队救援乌巢，而调动重兵攻打曹军大本营，却未能如愿以偿。结果，曹操真的攻入乌巢，将袁绍的粮草烧得一干二净。这样一来，袁绍大军军心浮动，士气低落。

郭图知道正是自己的计策才造成大军失利，为转移袁绍的视线，就说张合的坏话，他对袁绍说：“您打了败仗，张合却整天幸灾乐祸，说话也非常傲慢无礼。”

在楚汉战争中，汉大将韩信有一次率领数十万人马，前去攻打依附于项羽的赵国。赵王和主将陈余得知汉军来攻，在井陉集中二十万大军抵御，兵力大大超过汉军。

部将李左车向陈余献计说，井陉这条路很狭窄，两辆战车不能并行，骑兵不能排成行列，行进的队伍必定拉得很长。请拨给他三万人马，拦截敌军的粮草，再截断他们的后路，不用十天，定可将韩信等人的头献上，但陈余没有同意。就这样，韩信在井陉狭窄道路没有遭到袭击。在出井陉口前，他先派两千轻骑兵从隐蔽小道上山，在那里观察赵军，准备行动。

韩信又派出一万人为先头部队，命他们出了井陉口就背靠河水，摆开战斗列队。赵军远远望见，大笑不止，认为这是犯了兵家的大忌。

天刚亮，韩信设置起大将的旌旗和仪仗，大模大样地开出井陉口。赵军立即打开营垒，向汉军发起猛烈的攻击。激战了一会儿，韩信假装抛旗弃鼓，逃回河边的阵营。河边阵地的部队马上打开营门放他们进去。

【故事】

在南北朝的时候，北魏有一个名叫元齐的人，他很有才能，屡建功勋。皇帝非常敬重他，封他为河间公。

元齐有一个儿子叫元志。他聪慧过人，饱读诗书，是一个有才华但又很骄傲的年轻人。孝文帝很赏识他，任命他为洛阳令。

不久以后，孝文帝采纳了御史中尉李彪的建议，从山西平城(今山西大同市东)搬迁到洛阳建都。这样一来，洛阳令成了“京兆尹”。

在洛阳，元志仗着自己的才能，对朝廷中某些学问不高的达官贵族，往往表示轻视。

有一次，元志出外游玩，正巧李彪的马车从对面飞快地驶来。照理，元志官职比李彪小，应该给李彪让路，但他一向看不起李彪，偏不让路。

李彪见他这样目中无人，当众责问元志：“我是御史中尉，官职比你大多了，你为什么不给我让路?”

元志并不买李彪的账，说;“我是洛阳的地方官，你在我眼中，不过是一个洛阳的住户，哪里有地方官给住户让路的道理呢?”

他们两个互不相让，争吵起来了。于是他们来到孝文帝那里评理。李彪说，他是“御史中尉”，洛阳的一个地方官怎敢同他对抗，居然不肯让道。元志说，他是国都所在地的长官，住在洛阳的人都编在他主管的户籍里，他怎可同普通的地方官一样向一个御史中尉让道呢?

孝文帝听了他们的争论，觉得他们各有各的道理，不能训斥他们中的任何一个，便笑着说：“洛阳是我的京城。我听了，感到你们各有各的道理。我认为你们可以分开走，各走各的，不就行吗?”

【释义】“分道扬镳”这则成语的扬镳是举鞭驱马前进。分路前进，比喻各奔前程，各干各的事。

【出处】这个成语来源于《北史。魏诸宗室。河间公齐传》，子志与御史中尉争路，俱入见，而陈得失，高祖曰：“洛阳，我之丰、沛，自应分路扬镳。自今以后，可分路而行。”

读了《杯弓蛇影》这篇成语，我感受到了杜宣看到酒杯里有懂动的小蛇，吓得惊慌失措。就主观认为是蛇了，结果被杯中的“蛇”吓得大病了一场。我觉得杜宣很胆小怕事，而应郴很会发现原因。

我从杜宣看了以为有一条蛇在酒杯蠕动，吓得直冒冷汗。但在司令面前，他只得硬着头皮把酒喝了下去。我感受到了杜宣的胆小怕事。

我又从应郴回家后，怎么也弄不明白杜宣杯中为什么会有蛇。于是他端来一杯酒，坐在杜宣那天坐的位置。刚一坐下，他惊讶地看到了酒杯中的“蛇”，但仔细一看，原来是旁边的弓的影子。我感受到了应郴会发现事实的真相。

这个故事告诉了我们：不要被表面现象所蒙蔽，要草率的做出结论。一定要多做研究，找出事实背后的真相。

【成语】：合浦珠还

【拼音】： hé pǔ zhū huán

【解释】： 合浦：汉代郡名，在今广西合浦县东北。比喻东西失而复得或人去而复回。

【成语故事】：

东汉时，合浦郡沿海盛产珍珠;那里产的珍珠又圆又大，色泽纯正，一直誉满海内外，人们称它为“合浦珠”。当地百姓都以采珠为生，以此向邻郡交趾换取粮食。采珠的收益很高，一些官吏就乘机贪赃枉法，巧立名目盘剥珠民。为了捞到更多的油水，他们不顾珠蚌的生长规律，一味地叫珠民去捕捞。结果，珠蚌逐渐迁移到邻近的交趾郡内，在合浦能捕捞到的越来越少了。合浦沿海的渔民向来靠采珠为生，很少有人种植稻米。采珠多，收入高，买粮食花些钱不在乎。如今产珠少，收入大量减少，渔民们连买粮食的钱都没有，不少人因此而饿死。汉顺帝刘保继位后，派了一个名叫孟尝的人当合浦太守。孟尝到任后，很快找出了当地渔民没有饭吃的原因;下令革除弊端，废除盘剥的非法规定，并不准渔民滥捕乱采，以便保护珠蚌的资源。不到一年;珠蚌又繁衍起来、合浦又成了盛产珍珠的地方。

从前有一窝兔子，不过近来正在发愁，因为有一只凶猛的狼，一直在他们家附近晃悠，想找机会吃掉他们，就因为这件事，兔子家已经好久没出门了，家里的粮食已经吃光了。

“如果再不去找粮食，我们就会被饿死的。”兔爸爸说。“我要去找吃的了，你们等着。”说完，兔爸爸就走了。

兔爸爸很怕茂密的丛林，一直提心吊胆，看见草动了，以为是狼来了，就拼命地往前跑，结果一头撞在树桩上，死了。

一个农民从田地里回来，看见了这只死兔子，于是就拿回家吃了，老婆见了，问：“兔子哪里来的？”农民把一切都告诉了她，她说：“尽有这等好事，咱们在等等，一定会有更多兔子上钩的。”于是，他们每天等呀等呀，的确等来了一只兔子，那就是兔妈妈。话说兔妈妈等不到兔爸爸，于是就自己出来，结果也撞到树桩上了。夫妻俩看见又来一只兔子，高兴得不得不得了，于是就在这里盖了房子，连田地都不管了。

但是，从这以后，再也没有兔子撞上树桩了，于是，夫妻俩就被饿死了。

战国时代，强大的秦国常常欺负赵国。在代表赵国出使秦国中，蔺相如智勇双全，把和氏璧安全带回赵国，在渑池大会上又保全了赵国的荣誉，被拜为上卿，地位跃居大将军廉颇之上。

廉颇很不服气，说：“我为赵国立了多少汗马功劳，才有今天。蔺相如凭着三寸不烂之舌倒爬到我头上来了。哼！见到蔺相如，我一定要给他点颜色看看。”为避免和廉颇见面，蔺相如就称病不上朝。

有一天，蔺相如坐车出门，远远的瞧见廉颇的车马迎面过来，赶快退到小巷子里，让廉颇的车马先过去。蔺相如的门客们觉得蔺相如胆小怕事，请求离去。蔺相如劝阻他们，说：“你们看廉将军跟秦王比，哪一个厉害些？”门客们说：“当然是秦王厉害些。”蔺相如说：“对呀！秦王我都不怕，我怎么会怕廉将军呢？秦国不敢来侵犯赵国，就是因为我们赵国文臣武将团结一心。如果我们两人不和，秦国就有机可乘了。”廉颇知道了，赤着膀子，背着荆条，来到蔺相如的家里请罪，他说：“我是个粗人，见识少，气量窄。哪儿知道您竟如此容忍我，请您处罚我吧。”

“负荆请罪”表示向人认错赔罪。

源于《南史·江淹传》。江淹是南北朝时期的才子，幼年家境清贫，读起书来非常用功，诗文都做得非常好。由于他早期生活在社会的下层，能够接触到社会的真实生活，所以写出来的文章能够深刻地抒发忧谗畏讥和郁郁不乐的情怀，同时也反映了当时许多贫困知识分子共同的动荡不安的生活，道出了许多知识分子郁郁不得志的思想感情，所以他的作品能引起许多失意者的共鸣，从而成为当时负有盛名的作家，人们称之为“江郎”。

后来，他的文才大不如前。他之所以才尽，是因为附南齐高帝萧道成等人，做了大官，成为南齐的“帮闲文人”，从此过着富贵荣华的生活。由于他的地位和思想感情发生了变化，所以文思渐衰，写出的诗文当然平淡无味。后来，人们用“江郎才尽”来比喻才思减退。

战国时期，赵国得了一块玉璧，叫做“和氏璧”。秦昭襄王知道了，便写信给赵惠文王，说愿意以十五个城的国土来交换这块宝璧。当时，秦国强，赵国弱，赵王明知秦王阴谋骗取“和氏璧”，但是又不敢拒绝。他和大臣们再三商议，想不出一个妥善的办法。这时，一个宦官的门客蔺相如，表示愿意去办这件外交大亊。他说：“让我把璧带到秦国去，见机行事。如果秦王不愿履行他换城的诺言，我一定负责完璧归赵。“赵王知道蔺相如是个勇敢机智的人，便同意他为使臣，派他带着玉璧到秦国去了。

蔺相如来到了秦国，见了秦王，把璧献上。秦王看了宝璧，非常高兴，还叫大臣们和后妃们一个个传递着欣赏，满口赞好，却不提换城的事。蔺相如便说“这件名闻天下的宝贝，确实是好，可惜还有一点点小毛病秦王信以为真，便把壁交给蔺相如，叫他指出毛病在哪里。蔺相如接过璧，后退几步，靠近柱子站着，怒气冲天，严厉指责秦王不讲信义，揭薛秦王假意用十五个城来骗取宝璧的阴谋。秦王又羞又恼，想叫武士来强抢。蔺相如早已料到这一着，便面威胁道：“大王若来强逼我，我情愿把脑袋和宝璧一同掩碎!”面就作势向柱子撞去。秦王怕心爱的宝璧真的要被撞碎，赶紧叫人劝阻，连声道歉，并且答应把十五个城划给赵国。

阐相如说：“赵王派我把宝璧送来，是很隆重的，曾经斋戒五天。大王也该斋戒五天，然后举行接收典礼才是!”秦王无奈，只好同意。蔺相如回到离所，立即叫随从抄小路把璧送回到赵国。

五天到期，蔺相如去见秦王。秦王知道宝璧已被秘密送回赵国，非常生气，但是还有什么办法呢？杀死蔺相如吧，为了没有骗到宝璧而杀赵国使S,这件事传出去可并不光彩；发兵进攻赵国吧，事情闹大了，更要被各国笑话。秦王便只好放走了蔺相如，也就不再提这件事了。

成语名称：解铃还须系铃人

成语拼音：jiě líng hái xū jì líng r

成语用法：作分句、宾语；比喻谁惹出来的麻烦由谁解决。

实用性：常用

感情色彩：中性词

成语结构：复句式

成语年代：古代

成语解释：比喻谁惹出来的麻烦，还得由谁去解决。

成语来源：宋·释惠洪《林间集》下卷：“泰钦曰：大众何不道：‘系者解得。’”

成语造句：钱钟书《围城》：“这都是汪太太生出来的事，‘解铃还须系铃人’，我明天去找她。”

成语故事：南唐法眼宗始祖法眼法师在金陵清凉寺给众僧讲佛经，希望他们潜心向佛，遵守清规戒律。法灯和尚却偏偏不爱遵守这些清规戒律，但人很聪明。法眼法师问谁能从凶猛的老虎脖子上取下金铃来，法灯和尚回答道解铃还须系铃人。

解字开头的成语：解铃须用 解铃还须 解铃还是

包含有解字的成语：不求甚解 老妪能解 解铃还是 土崩瓦解 庖丁解牛 远水不解 解铃还须 解铃须用

周朝的时候，有一个人想办一席丰富的筵席，需要大量的羊肉，他想了半天，终于想出了一个好办法来。他认为既然羊肉长在羊的身上，为什么不和它们商量呢？于是，他走到羊群的前面，客气的说：“羔羊们，我想办一席美味的羊肉宴，请你们让我割几片肉好吗？”羊群听了，大惊失色，便一窝蜂似的逃到森林里去躲避了。结果，那个人一无所得。又有一次，那个人想做一件皮裘，他知道制裘的原料是狐狸皮；他想，狐狸皮出在狐狸身上，去跟狐狸们商量一下，或许会有办法。想着，想着，他便跑到山上去找狐狸，对它说：“狐狸，我知道你身上的皮，制起皮裘来，是相当值钱的，请你剥下一层皮给我好吗？”狐狸一听，怒目而视，然后掉头不顾，一溜烟的跑回深山重谷里头去了。当然，那人想制狐裘，也没成功。

这是一则寓言故事，出自“符子”这一本书，把一定不会成功的事，或者是向恶人求施舍，向强者求怜悯，而绝对不能如愿的情形，用这句成语来形容，所以它在应用上，是非常的广泛。

In the song Dynasty (960-1279),there was a scholar whose name was Wen Tong and who styled himself Yuke. He was not only admired by others for his great learning, but also enjoyed widespread renown for his bamboo drawing. Every day there were always quite a few peoply who called at his house to ask for one of his bamboo drawings.

北宋画家文同，字与可。他画的竹子远近闻名，每天总有不少人登门求画。文同画竹的妙诀在哪里呢？

Actually, Wen Tong loved bamboos so much that he had grown various bamboos everywhere around his house. No matter what season it was and no matter whether it was sunny or rainy, he used to go to the bamboo forest to observe how they were growing. He pondered over the lenght and breadth of the bamboo poles as well as the shapes and colours of the leaves. Whenever he had gained a new understanding, he went back to his study, spread a piece of paper and prepareed some ink by rubbing an ink stick on an ink slab, and drew what was in his mind on the paper. Through accumulation over a long period of time, the images of the bamboo in different seasons, under different weather conditions and at different moments were deeply imprinted in his mind.So whenever he stood before the paper and picked up a painting brush with concentrated attention, the various forms of the bamboo which he had observed at ordinary times at once rose before his eyes. And so every time he was drawing bamboos he appeared confident and at ease, and all the bamboos he had painted were very vivid and true to lift.

原来，文同在自己家的房前屋后种上各种样的竹子，无论春夏秋冬，阴睛风雨，他经常去竹林观察竹子的生长变化情况，琢磨竹枝的长短粗细，叶子的形态、颜色，每当有新的感受就回到书房，铺纸研墨，把心中的印象画在纸上。目积月累，竹子在不同季节、不同天气、不同时辰的形象都深深地印在他的心中，只要凝神提笔，在画纸前一站，平日观察到的各种形态的竹子立刻浮现在眼前。所以每次画竹，他都显得非常从容自信，画出的竹子，无不逼真传神。

When people spoke highly of his paintings, he always said modestly that he had just put the images of the bamboo imprinted in his mind on the paper.

当人们夸奖他的画时，他总是谦虚地说：“我只是把心中琢磨成熟的竹子画下来罢了。”

A young man wanted to learn bamboo drawing; when he knew that Chao Buzhi had made a profound study of Wen Tongs art of drawing, he went to Chao Buzhi for instruction. Chao Buzhi wrote a poem to him. In the poem, there are the following two lines:

When Yuke was painting the bamboos,

He bad their images ready in his bosom.

有位青年想学画竹，得知诗人晁补之对文同的画很有研究，前往求教。晃补之写了一首诗送给他，其中有两句：“与可画竹，胸中有成竹。”

Later people have summarized the lines as " having had the images of the bamboo ready in ones bosom," which means having had ready plans or designs in ones mind before doing a certain job so that its success is guaranteed. It is also used go mean being calm and cool - headed in dealing with things.

“胸有成竹”，比喻做事之前已作好充分准备，对事情的成功已有了十分的把握；又比喻遇事不慌，十分沉着。

This story comes from an article writted by Su Shi concerning Wen Yukes art of bamboo drawing.

延伸阅读：

指鹿为马－中国成语故事中英对照

Calling a Stag a Horse 指鹿为马

In the reign of Emperor the Second of the Qin Dynasty (221-207 B.C.), the prime minister Zhao Gao, obsessed with ambitions, was planning to usurp the throne day and night. But he did not know how many of the ministers in the court were allowed to be ordered about by him and how many of them were his opponents. So he thought out a way to test how high his prestige among the ministers was and also to find out who dared to oppose him.

秦二世时，丞相赵高野心勃勃，日夜盘算着要篡夺皇位。可朝中大臣有多少人能听他摆布，有多少人反对他，他心中没底。于是，他想了一个办法，准备试一试自己的威信，同时也可以摸清敢于反对他的人。

One day when court was held, Zhao Gao let someone bring a stag to the court and, with a broad smile on his face, he said to Emperor the Second of the Qin Dynasty:"Your Majesty, here is a fine horse Im presenting to you." Looking at the animal, Emperor the Second thought that it was obviously a stag and that it couldnt be a horse. So he said smilingly to Zhao Gao:"Mister Prime Minister, you are wrong. This is a stay. Why do you say it is a horse?" Remaining calm, Zhao Gao said:"Will your Majesty please see more clearly? This really is a horse that covers a thousand li a day." Filled with suspicion, Emperor the Second looked at the stag again and said:"How can the antlers be grown on the head of a horse?" Turning around and pointing his finger at the ministers, Zhao Gao said in a loud voice:"if our Majesty do not believe me, you can ask the ministers."

一天上朝时，赵高让人牵来一只鹿，满脸堆笑地对秦二世说：“陛下，我献给您一匹好马。”秦二世一看，心想：这哪里是马，这分明是一只鹿嘛！便笑着对赵高说：“丞相搞错了，这里一只鹿，你怎么说是马呢？”赵高面不改色心不跳地说：“请陛下看清楚，这的确是一匹千里马。”秦二世又看了看那只鹿，将信将疑地说：“马的头上怎么会长角呢？”赵高一转身，用手指着众大臣，大声说：“陛下如果不信我的话，可以问问众位大臣。”

The nonsense of Zhao Gao made the ministers totally at a lose, and they whispered to themselves: What tricks was Zhao Gao playing? Was it not obvious whether it was a stag or a horse? But when they saw the sinister smile on Zhao Gaos face and his two rolling eyes which were gazing at each of them, they suddenly understood his evil intentions.

大臣们都被赵高的一派胡言搞得不知所措，私下里嘀咕：这个赵高搞什么名堂？是鹿是马这不是明摆着吗！当看到赵高脸上露出阴险的笑容，两只眼睛骨碌碌轮流地盯着赵高脸上露出阴险的笑容，两只眼睛骨碌碌轮流地盯着每个人的时候，大臣们忽然明白了他的用意。

Some of the ministers who were timid and yet had a sense of right eousness did not dare to say anything, because to tell lies would make their conscience uneasy and to tell the truth would mean that they would be persecuted by Zhao Gao later. Some ministers with a sense of justice persisted that it was a stag and not a horse. There were still some crafty and fawning ministers who followed Zhao Gao closely in ordinary times. They immediately voiced their support to Zhao Gao, saying to the emperor:"This really in a horse that covers a thousand li a day."

一些胆小又有正义感的人都低下头，不敢说话，因为说假话，对不起自己的良心，说真话又怕日后被赵高所害。有些正直的人，坚持认为是说明书而不是马。还有一些平时就紧跟赵高的奸佞之人立刻表示拥护赵高的说法，对皇上说，“这确是一匹千里马！”

After the event, Zhao Gao punished by various means those ministers with a sense of justice who were not obedient to him, even with whole families of some of those ministers executed.

事后，赵高通过各种手段把那些不顺从自己的正直大臣纷纷治罪，甚至满门抄斩。

This story appears in "The Life of the First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty" in The Historical Records written by Sima Qian. From this story people have derived the set phrase "calling a stag a horse" to mean deliberately misrepresenting some thing and misleading the public.

故事出自《史记·秦始皇本纪》。成语“指鹿为马”比喻故意颠倒是非，混淆黑白。

枕戈待旦－中国成语故事中英对照

In the Western Jin Dynasty there were two young men.One of them was Zu Ti and the other was Liu Kun.Both of them were men of ideals and integrity who were chivalrous and of a sanguine disposition.They not only wrote excellent articles but also were fond of practising martial arts to keep fit, in order to render meritorious service to the country.Both of them were chief clerks responsible for document administration in Luoyang.Although in appearance the Jin Dynasty had jurisdiction of the Central Plains comprising the middle and lower reaches of the Haunch and threatened by foreign invasion.Zu Ti and Liu Kun often talked about the countrys situation till late into the night,and each time they talking very excitedly again.

西晋人祖逖和刘琨，都是性格开朗、仗义好侠的志士。年轻时不但文章写得好，而且都喜欢练武健身，决心报效祖国。当时，晋朝表面上还管辖着中原大地，但实际上已是内忧外患，风雨飘摇了。祖逖和刘琨一谈起国家局势，总是慷慨万分，常常聊到深夜。

Liu Kun fell asleep without knowing it,but Zu Ti was too excited to fall asleep." Cock-a-doodle-doo,"came the crow of rooster in the wasteland.Zu Ti jumped up and kicked Liu Kun awake:"Listen.How inspiring the roosters crow is.Lets get up and practised on a slope.From then on,they kept practising sword playing vigorously and energetically in the wasteland every day when they heard the first crow in the morning.

一天，祖逖又和刘琨谈得十分兴奋，刘琨不知什么时候睡着了，祖逖却久久沉浸在谈话的兴奋之中，不能入睡。“喔，喔，喔－－”荒原上的雄鸡叫了起来，祖逖一跃而起，踢醒了刘琨：“听，这雄鸡啼鸣多么振奋人心呀，快起来练剑吧！”于是，两人操起剑来，在高坡上对舞。从此，他俩每天清早听到头一声鸣叫，一定来到荒原上抖擞神练起剑来。

Deeply moved by Zu Tis patriotic passion,Liu Kun was determined to devote himself to his homeland.Once he wrote to his family:"At the time when the country is in dire peril,I am resolved to dedicate myselt to the service of my country.I often fear that I might lag behind Zu Ti in rendering service to the country,and,in fact,I am behind him..."

刘琨被祖逖的爱国热情深深感动，决心献身于祖。一次他给家人的信中写道：“在国家危难时刻，我经常‘枕戈待旦’（枕着兵器睡觉一直到天明），立志报国，常担心落在祖逖后边，不想他到底走到我的前头了！……”

The words" sleep with my head pillowed on a spear,waiting for the day to break"vividly described Liu Kuns determination to dedicate himself to the service of the country and to fight the enemy at any time.Later,this set phrase is used to mean maintaining sharp vigilance and being ready to fight at any time."

故事出自《晋书·祖逖传》。“枕戈待旦”出自刘琨《与亲故书》，形象地写出了刘琨随时准备杀敌报国的决心。后来用作成语，形容时刻警惕敌人，准备作战。

后来居上－中国成语故事中英对照

Ji Anlived at the time of Emperor Wudi of the Western Han Dynasty (206 B.C.-A.D.24). He was respected for being upright and just and for daring to speak the truth. He did not bother about amall matters in personal behaviour and in being an official. He was particular about actual effects and ,although he did not cause a stir ,he could keep the prefecture he governed in perfect order. Because of this. the imperial court transferred him to the central government from being the perfect of the Donghai Prefecture to being a commander in charge of the appointment and dismissal of the local officals.

汲黯是西汉武帝时代人，以刚直正义、敢讲真话而受人尊重。他为人和做官都不拘小节，讲求实效。虽然表面上不那么轰轰烈烈，却能把一个郡治理得井井有条，因此，朝廷把他从东海太守调到朝廷当主爵都尉——一种主管地方吏任免的官职。

Once,Emperor Wudi said that he would implement the policy of benevolence and justice of Confucianism and would do good turns to the people.Emperor Wudi Had hardly finished his remards when Ji An said that there was no need for the emperor to say so.Why should the emperor bother,Ji An said, about pretending to implement the policy of benevolence and justice since he was so greedy and avaricious within himself? This choked the emperor off. The emperor suddenly Changed his countenance and declared the meeting over. All the civilian and military officers at court were breathless with anxiety for fear that Ji An might bring disaster upon himself because of this. After returning, Emperor Wudi said to the people around him that Ji An was a little too rude and too straightforward.

有一次，汉武帝说要实行儒家的仁义之政，为老百姓办好事了。没等皇帝把话说完，汲黯就说：“陛下内心里那么贪婪多欲，表面上却要装得实行仁政，这是何苦呢？”一句话把皇帝噎了回去。汉武帝登时脸色大变，宣布罢朝，满朝文武都为汲黯捏着一把汗，担心他会因此招来大祸。武帝回到宫里以后，对身边的人说，汲黯这个人也未免太粗太直了。

For this reason ,Ji An was never promoted again. When he was the commander in charge of the appointment and dismissal of the local officials, both Gongsun Hong and Zhang Tang were low -ranking lfficials of little importance. Later ,they were promoted continuously. Gongsun Hong became the prime minister and Zhang Tang became the imperial censor. However, JiAns post remained thesame. One day, Ji An said to Emperor Wudi that the way the emperor used his ministers was just like piling up firewood, which meant that the latecomers surpassed the old-timers. Of course, Emperor Wudi could see that Ji An was complaining. So,turning to his ministers, Emperor Wudi said, "It is true that no one can stop learning.You see, Ji An is making more and more indiscreet remarks."

从此以后，汲黯的官职再也没有提升。他当主爵都尉的时候，公孙弘、张汤都还是不起眼的小官，后来，他们一个劲儿住上升，公孙弘当上了丞相，张汤做上了御史大夫，可他汲黯还蹲在原地没动窝。有一天，汲黯对武帝说，陛下使用群臣，跟码劈柴一样，是“后来者居上”啊！汉武帝当然听得出这是发牢骚。于是，转脸对臣下们说：“人真是不能不学习啊！你们听汲黯说话，越来越离谱了！”

This story comes from The Historical Records. Later generations use the set phrase "the latecomers surpass the old-timers "to indicate that successors can cxcel the predecessors, which is quite different from the original idea when Ji An said that the latecomers surpassed the old-timers.

故事出自《史记·汲郑列传》。成语“后来居上”，往往指后起的可以胜过先前的。和汲黯说这话的原意，大不相同。

洛阳纸贵－中国成语故事中英对照

In the Jin Dynasty (265-420) there was a famous writer whose name was Zuo Si who, however, was very naughty and did not like to study when he was a small kid.His father often got angry, and yet young Zuo Si was as naughty as ever and would not study hard.

晋代文学家左思，小时候是个非常顽皮、不爱读书的孩子。父亲经常为这事发脾气，可是小左思仍然淘气得很，不肯好好学习。

One day, Zuo Sis father was chatting with his friends. his friends envied him his clever and loverly son. Hearing this, Zuo sis father sighed, "Please do not mention him. My son Zuo si does not study as well as I did when I was young, although I did not study well enough myself. It appears that he is actually a good-for-nothing."So saying, he looked disappointed. All this was witnessed by young Zuo Si. He felt very sad, feeling intensely that he would not be able to have a bright future if he did not study hard. So he was determined to study assiduously from then on.

有一天，左思的父亲与朋友们聊天，朋友们羡慕他有个聪明可爱的儿子。左思的父亲叹口气说：“快别提他了，小儿左思的学习，还不如我小时候，看来没有多大的出息了。”说着，脸上流露出失望的神色。这一切都被小左思看到听到了，他非常难过，觉得自己不好好念书确实很没出息。于是，暗暗下定决心，一定要刻苦学习。

Day after day and year after year, Zuo Si gradually grew up. Because of his unremitting afforts in hard study, he became an erudite scholar and wrote very excellent essays. The "Ode to the Capital of the State of Qi", which took him one year to write, showed his brilliant literary talent and laid the foundation for his becoming an outstanding writer. then he planned to write an "Ode to the Capitals of the Three Kingdoms of Wei, Shu Han and Wu"with the local conditions and customs as well as the produce of the three capitals as its content. In order to achieve the desired effect in content, structure and language, he applied himself to research work with great concentration, and was so absorbed in creative writing as to forget food and sleep. It took him ten whole years to finish the writing of "Ode to the Capitals of the Three Kingdoms of Wei, Shu Han and Wu", a literary masterpiece.

日复一日，年复一年，左思渐渐长大了，由于他坚持不懈地发奋读书，终于成为一位学识渊博的人，文章也写得非常好。他用一年的时间写成了《齐都赋》，显示出他在文学方面的才华，为他成为杰出的文学家奠定了基础。这以后他又计划以三国时魏、蜀、吴首都的风土、人情、物产为内容，撰写《三都赋》。为了在内容、结构、语言诸方面都达到一定水平，他潜心研究，精心撰写，废寝忘食，用了整整十年，文学巨著《三都赋》终于写成了。

The "Ode to the Capitals of the Three Kingdoms of Wei, Shu Han and Wu"was well received by the broad masses of readers after it made its appearance to the public, and people considered it as superbly written as the "Ode to the Western Capital (Changan) and to the Eastern Capital (Luoyang)"written by Ban Gu (32-92) and the "Ode to the Western Capital and to the Eastern Capital"written by Zhang Heng of the Han Dynasty (206 B.C. to A.D.220). As the art of printing had not been invented at that time, people who were fond of this "Ode"had to make handwritten copies of it themselves. As there were so many people who vied with each other in making handwritten copies, the supply of writing paper fell short of the demand in Luoyang went up greatly.

《三都赋》受到谅也评，人们把它和汉代文学杰作《两都赋》相比。由于当时还没有发明印刷术，喜爱《三都赋》的人只能争相抄阅，因为抄写的人太多，京城洛阳的纸张供不应求，一时间全城纸价大幅度上升。

This story comes from "The life of Zuo Si"in the book "Literary Field"of The History of the Jin Dynasty. Based on this story, people have coined the set phrase "the price of writing paper went up greatly", meaning the overwhelming popularity of a new work causes shortage of printing paper, to show how popular an outstanding piece of literary work is.

故事出自《晋书·文苑·左思传》。成语“洛阳纸贵”，称颂杰出的作品风行一进。

嗟来之食 中国成语故事中英对照

food handed out in contempt嗟来之食

【成语来源】

One year during the Spring and Autumn Period (春秋时期,770-476 BC), there was a the Qi State (齐国) was severely strickend by a famine.

春秋时代，有一年齐国发生大饥荒。

Qian Ao (qián ào 黔敖), a very rich but arrogant man took the occasion to showcase his generosity through preparing food by the roadside and giving it to the passing refugees in charity.

有一位叫做黔敖有钱贵族，在街边准备食物分发给来往的难民，以显示自己的慷慨。

A man with shabby clothes happened to walk by with his shoes trailing along, he was so hungry as not to open his eyes.

有一个饥民，用衣袖蒙着脸，拖着鞋，饿得眼睛都睁不开的样子，慢慢地走过来。

Seeing the poor man, Qian Ao held the food by left hand and the drink by right hand, and shouted at him,"Hi, come to eat !”

黔敖见了，就左手拿着吃的，右手捧着喝的，向他喊道：“喂，来吃吧！”

Hearing the word, the man glared his eyes and said, “It is because I am not willing to eat the food handed out in contempt that I have been famished to such a degree. "

那人一听这话，立即瞪着眼睛，说道：“我就是因为不吃‘嗟来之食，才饿到这般地步的。"

Though Qian Ao made an apology to him for that, the man still resolutely refused to eat the food and thus he died of hunger in the end.

尽管黔敖向他道歉，那人仍然坚决不吃，终于饿死了。

This set phrase now extensively denotes the disrespectful aims. This story means that a person who has a strong sense of self-respect would rather die of hunger than be despised.

此故事讲的是一个怀有强烈自尊心的人，宁可饿死也不肯接受人轻视。现在这个成语泛指带有侮辱性的施舍。

【文化链接】

中文中“嗟来之食”的意思就是“带有侮辱性的施舍”，英语直译就是“something handed out in contempt”，那如果是“主动去乞求帮助或是施舍”的话，英语该如何表达呢？

英文中常用惯语有“come hat in hand”，也就是是乞求或请求别人“施舍”，求人给一些原本不属于你的东西，源自英国民俗，根据当时英国的民间习俗，当一个人穷困潦倒、无以为生时，就可以手持帽子，低声下气地向别人乞讨，以获取他人的同情，这是一种非常丢脸的行为，所以一般人除非迫不得已，否则是不会这样做的。

所以，come hat in hand 常用来比喻“走投无路”、“穷困潦倒”、“有求于人”。

例如： Retired workers need not come hat in hand to ask for supplementary allowance. （退休工人就不必卑躬屈膝地请求追加补助费了。）