为什么需要保护野生动物英语作文（通用20篇）

As the new year is coming, many families plan to go the zoo and have fun together. But recently, a tragedy happened in the zoo, a man was bitten by a tiger. The public scared, then later the truth came out that the men tried to skip buying ticket and he went across the limited line. The animal has their nature. Once they are under threat, they will do the horrible thing. If the visitors behave themselves well and do as the tips, then the tragedy won’t happen. But still a lot of people scream and try to throw away the food to the animals, which do harm to the animals. It is everybody’s duty to protect animals.

随着新年的来临，许多家庭计划一起去动物园玩。而最近，动物园里发生了一场悲剧，有人被老虎咬伤。大家都害怕起来，结果真相是那个人试图逃票，还越过禁止线。动物都有自己的本能，一旦受到威胁，他们就会做可怕的事情。如果游客遵从提示、约束自我，那么悲剧就不会发生。但是仍然很多人会大喊大叫，试图扔食物给动物吃，这对动物是有害的。保护动物是每个人的责任。

Save the earth

How to protect theenvironment has become one of the biggest problems in the world .

It’s our duty toprotect our environment .No matter where we live ,we should do something tokeep our neighborhood clean and tidy .We can collect waste paper or otherwaste things for recycling.We should plant more trees and we should preventthose factories from pouring waste water into rivers,lakes and fields.We shouldn’t leave rubbish everywhere andspit in public places .We mustn’t pick the flowers or step on the grass inpublic.If everyone tries his best to protect the environment ,the world willbecome much more beautiful and our life will be better and better .

I have a dog.He is my favorite pet.He is very lovely.His name is Peter and he is two years old.His fur is long and white.He has big black eyes.His nose is very good.He can smell very well.He is quite small.He weighs about two kilograms.Peters favorite food is meat.He also likes bones.

Peter is very friendly.I feed him every day.He never barks or bites.Peter likes lots of exercise.It is necessary to walk the dog in the park every day if you want it to be healthy.So I play with him every day in the park.Peter likes to run in the park.He often chases cats and birds.It is very interesting.Peter can find the way back easily.I think he is the cleverest animal of all.

I like my dog and he loves me too.He is very healthy.All my family like him.We look after him very carefully.Ill make a small and lovely house for him.I think he will be happy to live there.Do you like my dog?

我有一只狗。他是我最喜欢的宠物。他很可爱的。他的名字叫彼得和他两岁。他的皮毛是漫长而白色。他有黑色的大眼睛。他的鼻子很好。他可以闻到很好。他是非常小的。他重约2公斤。彼得最喜欢的食物是肉。他也喜欢骨头。

彼得是非常友好的。我每天喂他。他从不吠叫或咬。彼得喜欢很多运动。有必要每天在公园里遛狗,如果你希望它是健康的。所以我和他每天都在公园里玩。彼得喜欢在公园里跑。他经常追逐猫和鸟。它非常有趣。彼得很容易找到回来的路。我认为他是所有动物中最聪明的。

我喜欢我的狗,他也爱我。他是非常健康的。所有我的家人喜欢他。我们非常仔细地照顾他。我将做一个小而可爱的房子。我想他很乐意住在那里。你喜欢我的狗吗?

我曾经听到过这样一句话：“每一个生命都有一段故事，每一个生命都是一个不朽的传奇。”或许你会说：“有谁在意过一只小小的蚂蚁?它虽有生命，但不值一提。”如果你这样想就错了，每一个生命来到这个世界上都不容易，所以，请尊重每一个生命。

10月5日下午，我跟着德州晚报的小记者去德州人民公园里的动物园去看那些大自然的精灵——动物们。一进门就看到一只大灰狼，懒懒地趴在笼子里的地上。老师说：“它是狗的近亲。”嘿，长得还真像一只大狗。它对我们的到来一点儿也不感兴趣，眯着双眼理都不理。别看它现在老实，可是我知道，在草原上可是连豹子都不敢轻易招惹它的，威风得很呢。继续往前走，我们还看到了高大的双峰驼、笨重的黑熊、健壮的果下马、美丽的孔雀、凶猛的老虎、强壮的狮子。小时候，我走到这里就不敢走了，跟个老鼠似的躲在爸爸怀里，不敢抬头。现在想起来还挺不好意思呢。一会儿就来到了我最喜欢的猴山，里面有好多猴子，你追我跑，爬上爬下，一个个玩得兴高采烈，猴王高高地坐在山顶，傲然地看着它的子民，还真有大王的样子呢。我们都哈哈地笑了起来。

出了动物园，我们又去了旁边的趣味园。这是让游人和动物们亲密接触的地方，人们在这里可以亲手喂动物吃东西，还能轻轻地抚摸它们呢。

这次参观动物园我有了深深地感触：动物们也是地球大家庭中的一员，它们和我们一样也有生存的权利，它们是我们的朋友，是我们的邻居。我们应该去了解它们，爱护它们。这样我们的地球才能健康、美好，才能更加丰富多彩!

下面的材料旨在丰富学生在是非问题写作方面的思想和语言，考生在复习时可以先分类阅读这些篇章，然后尝试写相关方面的作文题。

对于素材中用黑体字的部分，特别建议你熟读，背诵，因为它们在语言和观点上都值得吸收。学习语言的人应该明白，表达能力和思想深度都靠日积月累，潜移默化。从某种意义上说，提高英语写作能力无捷径可走，你必须大段背诵英语文章才能逐渐形成语感和用英语进行表达的能力。这一关，没有任何人能代替你过。

因此，建议你下点苦功夫，把背单词的精神拿出来背诵文章。何况，并不是要求你背了之后永远牢记在心：你可以这个星期背，下个星期忘。这没有关系，相信你的大脑具有神奇的能力。背了工具箱里的文章后，你会惊讶的发现：I can think in English now！

1.?????? Proverbs

1. A graduation ceremony is an event where the commencement speaker tells thousands of students dressed in identical caps and gowns that individuality is the key to success.

2. The primary purpose of a liberal education is to make one’s mind a pleasant place in which to spend one’s time.

3. Next in importance to freedom and justice is popular education, without which neither freedom nor justice can be permanently maintained.

4. The classroom--not the trench--is the frontier of freedom now and forevermore.

5. Education’s purpose is to replace an empty mind with an open one.

6. It is the purpose of education to help us become autonomous, creative, inquiring people who have the will and intelligence to create our own destiny.

7. You see, real ongoing, lifelong education doesn’t answer questions; it provokes them.

8. People will pay more to be entertained than educated.

9.the most important function of education at any level is to develop the personality of the individual and the significance of his life to himself and to others. This is the basic architecture of a life; the rest is ornamentation and decoration of the structure.

10. The essence of our efforts to see that every child has a chance must be to assure each as equal opportunity, not to become equal, but to become different-to realize whatever unique potential of body, mind, and spirit he or she possesses.

11. A great teacher never strives to explain his vision-he simply invites you to stand beside him and see for yourself.

12. If you can read and don’, you are an illiterate by choice.

2. Damaging Research

A study by National Parent-Teacher Organization revealed that in the average American school, eighteen negatives are identified for every positive that is pointed out. The Wisconsin study revealed that when children enter the first grade, 80 percent of them feel pretty good themselves, but by the time they get to the sixth grade, only 10 percent of them have good self-images.

3. Education and Citizenship

An important aspect of education in the United States is the relationship between education and citizenship. Throughout its history this nation has emphasized public education as a means of transmitting democratic values, creating equality of opportunity, and preparing new generations of citizens to function in society. In addition, the schools have been expected to help shape society itself. During the 1950s, for example, efforts to combat racial segregation focused on the schools. Later, when the Soviet Union launched the first orbiting satellite, American schools and colleges came under intense pressure and were offered many incentives to improve their science and mathematics programs so that the nations would not fall behind the Soviet Union in scientific and technological capabilities.

Education is often viewed as a tool for solving social problems, especially social inequality. The schools, t is thought, can transform young people from vastly different backgrounds into competent, upwardly mobile adults. Yet these goals seem almost impossible to attain. In recent years, in fact, public education has been at the center of numerous controversies arising from the gap between the ideal and the reality. Part of the problem is that different groups in society have different have different expectations. Some feel that children should be taught basic job-related skills; still others believe education should not only prepare children to compete in society but also help them maintain their cultural identity (and, in the case of Hispanic children, their language). On the other hand, policymakers concerned with education emphasize the need to increase the level of student achievement and to improve parents in their children’s education.

Some reformers and critics have called attention to the need to link formal schooling with programs designed to address social problems. Sociologist Charles Moscos, for example, is a leader in the movement to expand programs like the Peace Corps, Vista, and Outward Bound into a system of voluntary national service. National service, as Moscos defines it, would entail “the full-time undertaking of public duties by young people whether as citizen soldiers or civilian servers-who are paid subsistence wages” and serve for at least one year. In return for this period of service, the volunteers would receive assistance in paying for college or other educational expenses.

Advocates of national service and school-to-work programs believe that education does not have to be confined to formal schooling. In devising strategies to provide opportunities for young people to serve their society, they emphasize the educational value of citizenship experiences gained outside the classroom. At this writing there is little indication that national service will become a new educational institution in the United States, although the concept is steadily gaining support among educators and social critics.

4. The Teacher’s Role

Given the undeniable importance of classroom experience, sociologists have done a considerable amount of research on what goes on in the classroom. Often they start from the premise that, along with the influence of peers, students’ experiences in the classroom are of central importance to their later development. One study examined the impact of a single first-grade teacher on her students’ subsequent adult status. The surprising results of this study have important implications. It is evident that good teachers can make a big difference in children’s lives, a fact that gives increased urgency to the need to improve the quality of primary-school teaching. The reforms carried out by educational leaders like James Comer suggest that when good teaching is combined with high levels of parental involvement the results can be even more dramatic.

Because the role of the teacher is to change the learner in some way, the teacher-student relationship is an important part of education. Sociologists have pointed out that this relationship is asymmetrical or unbalanced, with the teacher being in a position of authority and the student having little choice but to passively absorb the information provided by the teacher. In other words, in conventional classrooms there is little opportunity for the students to become actively involved in the learning process. On the other hand, students often develop strategies for undercutting the teacher’s authority: mentally withdrawing, interrupting, and the like. Hence, much current research assumes that students and teachers influence each other instead of assuming that the influence is always in a single direction.

5. Education Philosophy

For the past fifty years our schools have operated on the theories of John Dewey (1859-1953), an American educator and writer. Dewey believed hat the school’s job was to enhance the natural development of the growing child, rather than to pour information, for which the child had no context, into him or her. In the Dewey system, the child becomes the active agent in his own education, rather than a passive receptacle for facts.

Consequently, American schools are very enthusiastic about teaching “life skills” –logical thinking, analysis, creative problem--solving. The actual content of the lessons is secondary to the process, which is supposed to train the child to be able to handle whatever life may present, including all the unknowns of the future. Students and teachers both regard pure memorization as an uncreative and somewhat vulgar.

In addition to “life skills”, schools are assigned to solve the ever growing stoke of social problems. Racism, teenage pregnancy, alcoholism, drug use, reckless driving, and are just a few of the modern problems that have appeared on the school curriculum.

This all contributes to a high degree of social awareness in American youngsters.

6. Student Life

To the students, the most notable difference between elementary school and the higher levels is that in junior high they start “changing classes”. This means that rather than spending the day in one classroom, they switch classrooms to meet their different teachers. This gives them three or four minutes between classes in the hallways, where a great deal of the important social action of high school traditionally takes place. Students have lockers in these hallways, around which thy congregate.

Society in general does not take the business of studying very seriously. Schoolchildren have a great deal of free time, which they are encouraged to fill with extracurricular activities—sports, clubs, cheerleading, scouts—supposed to inculcate such qualities as leadership, sportsmanship, ability to organize, etc. those who don’t become engaged in such activities or have afterschool jobs have plenty of opportunity to “hang out”, listen to teenager music, and watch television.

Compared to other nations, American students do not have much homework. Studies also show that American parents have lower expectations for their children’s success in school than other nationalities do. (Historically, there has not been much correlation between American school success and success in later life.) “He’s just not a scholar”, the American parents might say, content that their son is on the swim team and doesn’t take drugs. (Some of the young do choose to study hard, for reason of their own, such as determining that the road to riches lies through Harvard Business School.)

What American schools do effectively teach is the competitive method. In innumerable ways children are pitted against each other—whether in classroom discussion, spelling bees, reading groups, or tests. Every classroom is expected to produce a scattering of A’s and F’s (teachers often grade A=excellent; B=good; C=average; D=poor; and F=failed). A teacher who gives all A’s looks too soft—so students are aware that they are competing for the limited number of top marks.

Foreign students sometimes don’t understand that copying from other people’s papers or from books is considered wrong and taken seriously. Here, it is important to show that you have done your own work and are displaying your own knowledge. It is more important than helping your friends to pass, whom we think do not deserve to pass unless they can provide their own answers. Group effort goes against the competitive grain, and American students do not study together as many Asians do. Many Asians in this country consider their group study habits a large contributor to their school success.

7. Adult Education

After complaining about many aspects of American life, a 40-year-old woman from Hong Kong concluded, “But where else could someone my age go back to school and get a degree in social work? Here you can change your whole life, start a new business, do what you really want to do.”

So at least to this person, school requirements weren’t inhibiting. And to millions of others, adult education is the path to a new career, or if not to a new career, to a new outlook. Schools generally encourage the older person who wants to start anew, and besides regular classes, schedule evening classes in special programs. Today there are so many people of retirement age in college that it is no longer remarkable.

8. Moral Relativism in American

Improving American education requires not doing new things but doing (and remembering) some good old things. At the time of our nation’s founding, Thomas Jefferson listed the requirements for a sound education in the Report of the Commissioners for the University of Virginia. In this landmark statement on American education, Jefferson wrote of the importance of education and writing, and of reading history, and geography. But he also emphasized the need “to instruct the mass of our citizens in these, their rights, interests, and duties, as men and citizens.” Jefferson believed education should aim at the improvement of both one’s “morals” and “faculties”. That has been the dominant view of the aims of American education for over two centuries. But a number of changes, most of them unsound, have diverted schools from these great pursuits. And the story of the loss of the school’s original moral mission explains a great deal.

Starting in the early seventies, “values clarification” programs started turning up in schools all over America. According to this philosophy, the schools were not to take part in their time-honored task of transmitting sound moral values; rather, they were to allow the child to “clarify” his own values (which adults, including parents, had no “rights” to criticize). The “values clarification” movement didn’t clarify values; it clarified wants and desires. This form of moral relativism said, in effect, that no set of values was right or wrong; everybody had an equal right to his own values; and all values were subjective, relative, and personal. This destructive view took hold with a vengeance.

In 1985 The York Times published an article quoting New York area educators, in slavish devotion to this new view, proclaiming, “They deliberately avoid trying to tell students what is ethically right and wrong.” The article told of one counseling session involving fifteen high school juniors and seniors. In the course of that session a student concluded that a fellow student had been foolish to return one thousand dollars she found in a purse at school. According to the article, when the youngsters asked the counselor’s opinion, “He told them he believed the girl had done the right thing, but that, of course, he would not try to force his values on them. ‘If I come from the position of what is wrong,’ he explained, ‘then I’m not their counselor.’”

Once upon a time, a counselor offered counselor, and he knew that an adult does not form character in the young by taking a stance of neutrality toward questions of right and wrong or by merely offering “choices” or “options”.

In response to the belief that adults and educators should teach children sound morals, one can expect from some quarters indignant objections (I’ve heard one version of it expressed countless times over the years): “Who are you to say what’s important?” or “Whose standards and judgments do we use?”

The correct response, it seems to me, is, is we ready to do away with standards and judgments? Is anyone going to argue seriously that a life of cheating and swindling is as worthy as a life of honest, hard work? Is anyone (with the exception of some literature professors at our elite universities) going to argue seriously the intellectual corollary, that a Marvel comic book is as good as Macbeth? Unless we are willing to embrace some pretty silly position, we’ve got to admit the need for moral and intellectual standards. The problem is that some people tend to regard anyone who would pronounce a definitive judgment as an unsophisticated Philistine or a closed-minded “elitist” trying to impose his view on everybody else.

The truth of the real world is that without standards and judgments, there can be no progress. Unless we are prepared to say irrational things—that nothing can be proven more valuable than anything else or that everything is equally worthless—we must ask the normative question. It may come, as a surprise to those who fell that to be “progressive” is to be value-neutral. But as Matthew Amold said, “the world is forwarded by having its attention fixed on the best things” and if the world can’t decide what the best things are, at least to some degree, then it follows that progress, and character, is in trouble. We shouldn’t be reluctant to declare that some things, some lives, books, ideas, and values are better than others. It is the responsibility of the schools to teach these better things.

At one time, we weren’t so reluctant to teach them. In the mid-nineteenth century, a diverse, widespread group of crusaders began to work for the public support of what was then called the “common school”, the forerunner of the public school. They were to be charged with the mission of school felt that the nation could fulfill its destiny only if every new generation was taught these values together in a common institution.

The leaders of the common school movement were mainly citizens who were prominent in their communities—businessmen, ministers, local civic and government officials. These people saw the schools as upholders of standards of individual morality and small incubators of civic and personal virtue; the founders of the public schools had faith that public education could teach good moral and civic character from a common ground of American values.

But in the past quarter century or so, some of the so-called experts became experts of value neutrality, and moral education was increasingly left in their hands. The commonsense view of parents and the publicthat schools should reinforce rather than undermine the values of home, family, and country, was increasingly rejected.

There are those today still that claim we are now too diverse a nation, that we consist of too many competing convictions and interests to instill common values. They are wrong. Of course we are a diverse people. We have always been a diverse people. And as Madison wrote in FederalistNo.10, the competing, balancing interests of a diverse people can help ensure the survival of liberty. But there are values that all American citizens share and that we should want all American students to know and to make their own: honesty, fairness, self-discipline, fidelity to task, friends, and family, personal responsibility, love of country, and belief in the principles of liberty, equality, and the freedom to practice one’s faith. The explicit teaching of these values is the legacy of the common schools, and it is a legacy to which we must return.

9. Schools Should Teach Values

People often said, “Yes, we should teach these values, but how do we teach them?” this question deserves a candid response, one that isn’t given often enough. It is by exposing our children to good character and inviting its imitation that we will transmit to them a moral foundation. This happens when teachers and principals, by their words and actions, embody sound convictions. As Oxford’s Mary Warnock has written, “You cannot teach morality without being committed to morality yourself; and you cannot be committed to morality yourself without holding that some things are right and others wrong.” The theologian Martin Buber wrote that the educator is distinguished from all other influences “by his will to take part in the stamping of character and by his consciousness that he represents in the eyes of the growing person a certain selection of what is, the selection of what is ‘right’, of what should be.” It is in this will, Buber says, in this clear standing for something, that the “vocation as an educator finds its fundamental expression.”

There is no escaping the fact that young people need as example principals and teachers who know the difference between right and wrong, good and bad, and who themselves exemplify high moral purpose.

As Education Secretary, I visited a class at Waterbury Elementary School in Waterbury, Vermont, and asked the students, “Is this a good school?” They answered, “Yes, this is a good school.” I asked them, “Why?” Among other things, one eight-year-old said, “The principal Mr. Riegel, makes good rules and everybody obeys them.” So I said, “Give me an example.” And another answered, “You can’t climb on the pipes in the bathroom. We don’t climb on the pipes and the principal doesn’t either.”

This example is probably too simple to please a lot of people who want to make the topic of moral education difficult, but there is something profound in the answer of those children, something education should pay more attention to. You can’t expect children to take messages about rules or morality seriously unless they see adults taking those rules seriously in their day-to-day affairs. Certain must be said, certain limits lay down, and certain examples set. There is no other way.

We should also do a better job at curriculum selection. The research shows that most “values education” exercises and separate courses in “moral reasoning” tend not to affect children’s behavior; if anything, they may leave children morally adrift. Where to turn? I believe our literature and our history are a rich quarry of moral literacy. We should mine that quarry. Children should have at their disposal a stock of examples illustrating what we believe to be right and wrong, good and bad—examples illustrating what are morally right and wrong can indeed be known and that there is a difference.

What kind of stories, historical events, and famous lives am I talking about? If we want our children to know about honesty, we should teach them about Abe Lincoln walking three miles to return six cents and conversely, about Aesop’s shepherd boy who cried wolf if we want them to know about courage, we should teach them about Joan of Arc, Horatius at the bridge, and Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad. If we want them to know about persistence in the face of adversity, they should know about the voyages of Columbus and the character of Washington during the Civil War. And our youngest should be told about the Little Engine That Could. If we want them to know about respect for the law, they should understand why Socrates told Crito: “No, I must submit to the decree of Athens.” If we want our children to respect the rights of others, they should read the Declaration of Independence, the Bill of Rights, the Gettysburg Address, and Martin Luther King, Jr.’ “Letter from Birmingham jail.” From the Bible they should know about Ruth’s loyalty to Naomi, Joseph’s forgiveness of his brothers, Jonathan’s friendship with David, the Good Samaritan’s kindness toward a stranger, and David’s cleverness and courage in facing Goliath.

These are only a few of the hundreds of examples we can call on. And we need not get into issues like nuclear war, abortion, creationism, or euthanasia. This may come as a disappointment to some people, but the fact is that the formation of character in young people is educationally a task different from, and prior to, the discussion of the great, difficult controversies of the day. First things come first. We should teach values the same way we teach other things: one step at a time. We should not use the fact that there are many difficult and controversial moral questions as an argument against basic instruction in the subject.

After all, we do not argue against teaching physics because laser physics is difficult, against teaching American history because there are heated disputes about the Founders’ intent. Every field has its complexities and its controversies. And every field has its basics, its fundamentals. So they are too with forming character and achieving moral literacy. As any parent knows, teaching character is a difficult task. But it is a crucial task, because we want our children to be healthy, happy, and successful but decent, strong, and good. None of this happens automatically; there is no genetic transmission of virtue. It takes the conscious, committed efforts of adults. It takes careful attention.

10. College Pressures

Mainly I try to remind that the road ahead is a long one and that it will have more unexpected turns than they think. There will be plenty of time to change jobs, change careers, change whole attitudes and approaches. They don not want to hear such liberating news. They want a map—right now – that they can follow unswervingly to career security, financial security, Social Security and, presumably, a prepaid grave.

What I wish for all students is some release from the clammy grip of the future. I wish them a chance to savor each segment of their education as an experience in itself and not as a grim preparation for the next step. I wish them the right to experiment, to trip and fall, to learn that defeat is as instructive as victory and is not the end of the world.

My wish, of course, is na?ve. One of the national gods venerated in our media—the million-dollar athlete, the wealthy executive—and glorified in our praise of possessions. In the presence of such a potent state religion, the young are growing up old.

I see four kinds of pressure working on college students today: economic pressure, parental pressure, peer pressure, and self-induced pressure. It is easy to look around for villains—to blame the colleges for charging too much money, the professors for assigning too much work, the parents for pushing their children too far, and the students for driving themselves too hard. But there are no villains: only victims.

“In the late 1960s.” one dean told me. “The typical question that I got from students was ‘Why is there so much suffering in the world’ or ‘how I can make a contribution?’ Today it’s ‘Do you think it would look better for getting into law school if I did a double major in history and political science, or just majored in one of them?’” many other deans confirmed this pattern. One said: “They are trying to find an edge—the intangible something that will look better on paper if two students are about equal.”

Note the emphasis on looking better. The transcript has become a sacred document, the passport to security. How one appears on paper is more important than how one appears in person. A is for Admirable and B is for Borderline, even though, in Yale’s official system of grading, A means “excellent” and B means “very good.” Today, looking very good is no longer good enough, especially for students who hope to go on to law school or medical school. They know that entrance into the better schools will be an entrance into the better law firms and better medical practices where they will make a lot of money. They also know that the odds are harsh. Yale Law School, for instance, matriculates 170students from an applicant pool of 3,700; Harvard enrolls 550 from a pool of 7,000.

It’s all very well for those of us who write letters of recommendation for our students to stress the qualities of humanity that will make them good lawyers or doctors. And it’s nice to think that admission officers are ready reading our letters and looking for the extra dimension of commitment or concern. Still, it would be hard for a student not to visualize these officers shuffling so many transcripts studded with As that they regard a B as positively shameful.

The pressure is almost as heavy on students who just want to graduate and get a job. Long gone are the days of the “gentleman’s C.” when students journeyed through college with a certain relaxation, sampling a wide variety of courses-music, art, philosophy, classics, anthropology, poetry, religion—that would send them out as liberally educated men and women. If I were an employer I would rather employ graduates who have this range and curiosity than those who narrowly pursued safe subjects and high grades. I know countless students whose inquiring minds exhilarate me. I like to hear the play of their ideas. I do not know if they are getting As or Cs, and I do not care. I also like them as people. The country needs them, and they will find satisfying jobs. I tell them to relax. They cannot.

Nor can I blame them. They live in a brutal economy. Tuition, room, and board at most private colleges now come to at least $7,000, not counting books and fees. This might seem to suggest that the colleges are getting rich. But they are equally battered by inflation. Tuition covers only 60 percent of what it costs to educate a student, and ordinarily the remainder comes from what college receives in endowments, grants, and gifts. Now, the remainder keeps being swallowed by the cruel costs—higher every year—of just opening the doors. Heating oil is up. Insurance is up. Postage is up. Health-premium costs are up. Everything is up. Deficits are up. We are witnessing in American the creation of a brotherhood of paupers—colleges, parents, and students, joined by the common bond of debt.

Today it is not unusual for a student, even if he works part time at college and full time during the summer, to accrue $5,000 in loans after four years—loans that he must start to repay within one year after graduation. Exhorted at commencement to go forth into the world, he is already behind as he goes forth. How could he not feel under pressure throughout college to prepare for this day of reckoning? I have used “he,” incidentally, only for brevity. Women at Yale are under no less pressure to justify their expensive education to themselves, their parents, and society. In fact, they are probably under more pressure. For although they leave college superbly equipped to bring fresh leadership to traditionally male jobs, society has not yet caught up with this fact.

Along with economic pressure goes parental pressure. Inevitably, the two are deeply intertwined.

I see many students taking pre-medical courses with joyless tenacity. They go off to their labs as if they were going to the dentist. It saddens me because I know tem in other corners of their life as cheerful people.

“Do you want to medical school?” I asked them.

“I guess so,” they say, without conviction, or “Not really.”

“Then why are you going?”

“Well, my parents want me to be a doctor. They are paying all this money and …”

Poor students, poor parents, they are caught in one of the oldest webs of love and duty and guilt. The parents mean will; they are trying to steer their sons and draughts toward a secure future. But the sons and daughter want to major in history or classics or philosophy—subjects with no “practical” value. Where’s the payoff on the humanities? It’s not easy to persuade such loving parents that the humanities do indeed pay off. The intellectual faculties developed by studying subjects like history and classics—an ability to synthesize and relate, to weigh cause and effect, to see events in perspective—are just the faculties that make creative leaders in business or almost any general field. Still, many fathers would rather put their money on courses that point toward specific profession—courses that are pre-law, pre-medical, pre-business, or, as I sometimes heard it put, “pre-rich.”

But the pressure on students is severe. They are truly torn. One part of them feels obliged to fulfill their parents’ expectations; after all, their parents are older and presumably wiser. Another part tells them that the expectations that are right for their parents are not right for them.

I know a student who wants to be an artist. She is very obviously an artist and will be a good one—she has already had several modest local exhibits. Meanwhile she is growing as a well-round person and taking humanistic subjects that will enrich the inner resources out of which her art will grow. But her father is strongly opposed. He thinks that an artist is a “dumb” thing to be. The student vacillates and tries to please everybody. She keeps up with her art somewhat furtively and takes some of the “dumb” courses her father wants her to take—at least they are dumb courses for her. She is a free spirit on a campus of tense students—no small achievement in it—and she deserves to follow her muse.

Peer pressure and self-induced pressure are also intertwined, and they begin almost at the beginning of freshman year.

“I had a freshman student I’ll call Linda,” one dean told me, “who came in and said she was under terrible pressure because her roommate, Barbara, was much brighter and studied all the time. I could not tell her that Barbara had come in two hours earlier to say the same thing about Linda.”

The story is almost funny—except that it is not. It is symptomatic of all the pressure put together. When every student thinks every other student is working harder and doing better, the only solution is to study harder still. I see students going off to the library every night after dinner and coming back when it closes at midnight. I wish they would sometimes forget about their peers and go to a movie. I hear the clacking of typewriters in the hours before dawn. I see the tension in their eyes when exams are approaching and papers are due: “Will I get everything done?”

Probably they won’t. They will get blocked. They will sleep. They will oversleep. They will bug out.

Part of the problem is that they are expected to do. A professor will assign five page papers. Several students will start writing ten page papers to impress him. Then more students will write ten page papers, and a few will raise the ante to fifteen. Pity the poor student who is still just doing the assignment.

“Once you have twenty or thirty percent of the student population deliberately overexerting,” one dean points out, “It’s bad for everybody. When a teacher gets more and more effort from his class, the student who is doing normal work can be perceived as not doing well. The tactic work, psychologically.”

Why cannot the professor just cut back and not accept longer papers? He can, and he probably will. But by then the term will be half over and the damage done. Grade fever is highly contagious and not easily reversed. Besides, the professor’s main concern is with his course. He knows his students only in relation to the course and does not know that they are also overexerting in their other courses. Nor is it really his business. He did not sign up for dealing with the student as a whole person and with all the emotional baggage the student brought along from home. That’s what deans, masters, chaplains, and psychiatrists are for.

To some extent this is nothing new: a certain number of professors have always been self-contained islands of scholarship and shyness, more comfortable with books than with people. But the new pauperism has widened the gap still further, for professors who actually like to spend time with students do not have as much time to spend. They are also overexerting. If they are young, they are busy trying to publish in order not to perish, hanging by their figure nails onto a shrinking profession.

If they are old and tenured, they are buried under the duties of administering departments—as departmental chairmen or members of committees—that have been thinned out by the budgetary axe.

Ultimately it will be the students’ own business to break the circles in which they are trapped. They are too young to be prisoners of their parents’ dreams and their classmates’ fears. They must be jolted into believing into themselves as unique men and women who have the power to shape their own future.

“Violence is being done to the undergraduate experience,” says Carlos Hortas. “College should be open-ended: at the end it should open many, many roads. Instead, students are choosing their goal in advance, and their choices narrow as they go along. It’s almost as if they think that the country has been codified in the type of jobs that exist-that they’ve got to fit into certain slots. Therefore, fit into the best paying slot.”

“They ought to take chances. Not taking chances will lead to life of colorless mediocrity. They’ll be comfortable. But something in the spirit will be missing.”

I have painted too drab a portrait of today’s students, making them seem a solemn lot. That is only half of their story; if they were so dreary I wouldn’t so thoroughly enjoy their company. The other half is that they are easy to like. They are quick to laugh and to offer friendship. They are not introverts. They are usually kind and are more considerate of one another than any student generation I have known.

Nor are they so obsessed with their studies that they avoid sports and extracurricular activities. On the contrary, they juggle their crowded hours to play on a variety of teams, perform with musical and dramatic groups, and write for campus publications. But this in turn is one more cause of anxiety. There are too many choices. Academically, they have 1,300 courses to select from; outside class they have to decide how much spare time they can spare and how to spend it.

This means that they engage in fewer extracurricular pursuits than their predecessors did. If they want to row on the crew and play in the symphony they will eliminate one; in the ‘60s they would have done both. They also tend to choose activities that are self-limiting. Drama, for instance, is flourishing in all twelve of Yale’s residential colleges, as it never has before. Students hurl themselves into these productions—as actors, directors, carpenters, and technicians—with a dedication to create the best possible play, knowing that the day will come when the run will end and they can get back to their studies.

They also cannot afford to be the willing slave of organizations like the Yale Daily News. Last spring at the one-hundredth anniversary banquet of that paper—who’s past chairmen include such once and future kings as Potter Stewart, Kingman Brewster, and William F. Buckley, Jr.—much was made of the fact that the editorial staff used to be small and totally committed and that “newsies” routinely worked fifty hours a week. In effect they belonged to a club; Newsies is how they defined themselves at Yale. Today’s students will one or two articles a week, when he can, and he defines himself as a student. I’ve never heard the word Newsie except at the banquet.

If I have described the modern undergraduate primarily as a driven creature who is largely ignoring the blithe spirit inside who keeps trying to come out and play, it’s because that’s where the crunch is, not only at Yale but throughout American education. It’s why I think we should all be worried about the values that are nurturing a generation so fearful of risk and so goal-obsessed at such an early age.

I tell students that there is no one “right” way to get ahead—that each of them is a different person, starting from a different point and bound for a different destination. I tell neither them that change is a tonic and that all the slots are not codified nor the frontiers closed. One of my ways of telling them is to invite men and women who have achieved success outside the academic world to come and talk informally with my students during the year. They are heads of companies or ad agencies, editors of magazines, politicians, public officials, television magnates, labor leaders, business executives, Broadway products, artists, writers, economists, photographers, scientists, historians—a mixed bag of achievers.

I asked them to say a few words about how they got started. The students assume that they started in their present profession and knew all along that it was what they wanted to do. Luckily for me, most of them got into their field by a circuitous route, to their surprise, after many detours. The students are startled. They can hardly conceive of a career that was not pre-planned. They can hardly imagine allowing the hand of God or chance to nudge them down some unforeseen trail.

11. To Err Is Wrong

In the summer of 1979, Boston Red Sox first baseman Carl Yastrzemski became the fifteenth player in baseball history to reach the three thousand hit plateaus. This event drew a lot of media attention, and for about a week prior to the attainment of this goal, hundreds of reports covered Yaz’s every more. Finally, one reporter asked, “Hey Yaz, aren’t you afraid all of this attention will go to your head?” Yastrzemski replied, “I look at this way: in my career I’ve been up to bat over ten thousand times. That means I’ve been unsuccessful at the plate over seven thousand times. That fact alone keeps me from getting a swollen head.”?

Most people consider success and failure as opposites, but they are actually both products of the same process. As Yaz suggest, an activity that produces a hit may also produce a miss. It is the same with creative thinking; the same energy that generates good creative ideas also produces errors.

Many people, however, are not comfortable with errors. Our educational system, based on “the right answer” belief, cultivates our thinking in another, more conservative way. From an early age, we are taught that right answers are good and incorrect answers are bad. This value is deeply embedded in the incentive system used in most schools:

Right over 90% of the time = “A”

Right over 80% of the time = “B~”

Right over 70% of the time = “C~” Right over 60% of the time = “D~” Less than 60% correct, you fail.

From this we learn to be right as often as possible and to keep our mistakes to a minimum. We learn, in other words, that “to err is wrong.

Playing It Safe

With this kind of attitude, you aren’t going to be taking too many chances. If you learn that failing even a litter penalizes you (e.g., being wrong only 15% of the time garners you only a “B” performance), you learn not to make mistakes. And more important, you learn not to put yourself to situation where you might fall. This leads to conservative thought pattern designed to avoid the stigma our society puts on “failure”.

I have a friend who recently graduated from college with a Master’s degree in Journalism. For the last six month, she has been trying to find a job, but to no avail. I talked with her about situation, and realized that her problem is that she doesn’t know how to fail. She went through eighteen years of schooling to try any approaches where she might fail. She has been conditioned to believe that failure is bad in and of itself, rather than a potential stepping-stone to new ideas.

Look around. How many middle managers, housewives, administrators, teachers, and other people do you see who are to try anything new because of this failure? Most of us have learned not to make mistakes in public. As a result, we remove ourselves from many learning experience except for those occurring in the most private of circumstances.

Different Logic

From a practical point of view, “to err is wrong” makes sense. Our survival in the everyday world requires us to perform thousand of small tasks without failure. Think about it: you wouldn’t last very long if you were to step out in front of traffic or stick your hand a pot of boiling water. In addition, engineers whose bridges collapse, stock brokers who lose money for their clients, and copywriters whose ad campaigns decrease sales won’t keep their jobs very long.

Nevertheless, too great an adherence to the belief “to err is wrong” can greatly undermine your attempts to generate new ideas. If you are more concerned with producing right answers than generating original ideas, you’ll probably make uncritical use of the rules, formulae, and procedures used to obtain these right answers. By doing this, you’ll by-pass the germinal phase of the creative process, and thus spend litter time testing assumptions, challenging the rules, asking what-if questions, or just playing around with the problem. All of these techniques will produce some incorrect answers, but in the germinal phase errors are viewed as a necessary by-product of creative thinking. As Yaz would put it, “if you want the hits, be prepared for the misses.” That’s the way the game of life goes.

Errors as Stepping Stones

Whenever an error pops up, the usual response is “Jeez, another screw up, what went wrong this time?” the creative thinker, on the other hand, will realize the potential value of errors, and perhaps say something like, “Would you look at that! Where can it lead our thinking?” and then he or she will go on to use the error as a stepping stone to a new idea. As a matter of fact, the whole history of discovery is filed with people who used erroneous assumptions and failed ideas as stepping-stones to new ideas. Columbus thought he was finding a shorter route to India. Johannes Kepler stumbled on to the idea of interplanetary gravity because of assumptions that were right for the wrong reasons. And, Thomas Edison knew 1800 ways not to build a light bulb.

The following story about the automotive genius Charles Kettering exemplifies the spirit of working through erroneous assumptions to good ideas. In 1912, when the automobile industry was just beginning to grow, Kettering was interested in improving gasoline engine efficiency. The problem he faced was“knockthe phenomenon in which gasoline takes too long to burn in the cylinder-thereby reducing efficiency.

Kettering began searching for ways to eliminate the “knock.” He thought to him, “How can I get the gasoline to combust in the cylinder at an earlier time?” the key concept here is “early”. Searching for analogous situations, he looked around for models of “things that happen early.” He thought of historical models, physical models, and biological models. Finally, he remembered a particular plant, the trailing arbutus, which “happens early,” i.e., it blooms in the snow (“earlier” than other plants). One of this plant’s chief characteristics is its’ red leaves, which help the plant retain light at certain wavelengths. Kettering figured that it must be the red color, which made the trailing arbutus bloom earlier.

Now came the critical step in Kettering’s chain of thought. He asked himself, “How can I make the gasoline red?” perhaps I’ll put red dye in the gasoline—maybe that’ll make it combust earlier.” He looked around his workshop, and found that he didn’t have any red dye. But he did happen to have some iodine—perhaps that would do. He added the iodine to the gasoline and, lo and behold, the engine didn’t “knock”.

[英语作文写作的需要背诵的部分

我们地球上有许多有益的动物，我们要保护它们。

青蛙它是两栖动物。它生活在水里，或在靠近水边的地方。它专门吃田里害虫。它是农作物的“忠诚卫士”，是天然的捕虫机。一只青蛙平均一天吃70只害虫，一年能吃掉15000条害虫。

蜻蜓也很厉害。一只蜻蜓一个小时能吃20个蝇子或840只蚊子，真令人惊讶！

燕子就更厉害了，它一只燕子一个夏天就能吃掉50万条害虫，燕子真是人类的好帮手！

蜜蜂可以给我们人类带来甜甜的蜜，它也对我们有益的，我们要保护它。

地球上的有益动物，我们都要保护它们。

呼吁保护动物英语作文1

Many wild animals are facing the danger of extinction, because the environment that they are living in has changed greatly. For example, with the developmet of cities, the using of insecticide and serious pollution, their living areas have become narrowcr and narrower. Many of the wild animals, now are confronted with food crisis. At the same time, man is killing off species just for getting their fur, skin, horns, teeth and meat.

In order to protect our resources of ecology, people should realize that the loss of any species is at least the loss of source of knowledge and a source of natural beauty. There fore, measures of the following should be taken: pollution standards are made to keepdown poisons; killing off certain rare species is prohibited; national parks should be set up as wild life, reserves.Only if we human beings take some drastic measures can wild animals be preserved.

呼吁保护动物英语作文2

Animal Protection

Animal is the friend of mankind, is an important part of the natural ecosystem. It is human precious naturalresources. Protect animals to maintain natural ecological balance has important significance.

But now many animals are facing the danger of extinction.With the development of society, pesticide used and serious pollution, city sewage .The wild animal living area is becoming increasingly narrow. Many of the animal is facing a food crisis currently . Whats more, in order to obtain wild animal of precious materials, humans are killing animals.

In order to maintain ecological balance, we should take some effective measures to protect animals.We should develop pollution standards to reduce emission of toxic substances, prevent the killing of some rare animals strictly. We can also establish a national park as a wild animal protection area. The most important thing is to improve people s knowledge of animal care.

Let us join hands in creating a harmonious coexistence of human and animal beautiful homes!

呼吁保护动物英语作文3

Animals Need Protecting

Animals are natural resources that people have wasted all through our history. Animals have been killed for their fur and feathers, for food, for sport, and simply because they were in the way. Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the earth forever. Hundreds more are on the danger list today. About 170 kinds in the United States alone are considered in danger.

Why should people careBecause we need animals, and because once they are gone, there will never be any more. Animals are more than just beautiful or interesting. They are more than just a source of food. Every animal has its place in the balance of nature. Destroying one kind of animal can create many problems. For example, when

farmers killed large numbers of hawks, the farmers stores of corn and grain were destroyed by rats and mice. WhyBecause hawks eat rats and mice, with no hawks to keep down their numbers, the rats and mice multiplied quickly.

Luckily, some people are working to help save the animals. Some groups raise money to let people know about the problem. And they try to get the governments to pass laws protecting animals in danger. Quite a few countries have passed laws. These laws forbid the killing of any animal or plant on the danger list. Slowly, the number of some animals in danger is growing.

可能我们没有察觉身边的动物在一天天地减少。动物是我们人类的好朋友，我们都要保护它们。

有一次，我看到一个悲惨的场面。那天，我在树下玩，无意中看到了几个小孩子正搭着梯子去掏鸟巢。他们把小鸟的雏儿放在射板上，用箭将雏儿活活射死。雏儿身上流着一滴滴鲜红的血。而那些小孩却在哈哈大笑，毫无悔改之意。

在我们学习过的一篇课文里，羚羊们为了生存，老羚羊不惜牺牲自己的生命，让年轻羚羊踩在它们的背上跳过悬崖。我的心被这群动物的举动深深地震撼了。而所有这一切都是我们人类造成的，因此在此我提议：

1.不要猎杀动物、鸟类，不乱提动物进行贩卖活动。

2. 不要乱砍伐树木，不破坏鸟的家，不掏小鸟。

我们要号召人类保护动物，不要为了个人的利益去滥杀无辜。否则，最后灭亡的将是我们人类自己。让我们从现在开始“敬畏生命，善待动物”吧！

[我保护动物的作文400字

很多人为了发财，不顾一切的杀死了许多珍稀动物，惨不忍睹。可是他们有想过么?动物也是生命，也有活着的权利，我们凭什么肆无忌惮的杀死它们呢?赚钱?它们会伤害人类?这都不是借口。那哪天要是人肉包子赚钱了，那我们就去杀人?

人们看到动物第一件想到的事情可能是它的皮毛值钱不?肉好吃不?想想吧，跑过来一只狮子，跟你面对面，看着你想：“先扒了他的皮做大衣，喝他的血解渴，吃他的肉饱肚。”简直令人毛骨悚然。动物他还不想这么多，就只吃了它饱肚。人呢?兽皮大衣，血汤，肉丝……

既然都是生命，为何不能和平共处呢?同样都是生在地球，把动物当成老乡，当成邻居，多好啊!我不袭击它，他不杀我，井水不犯河水，己所不欲勿施于人。有好东西分它一点，它有困难帮他一把，互相信任了，说不定它还帮你抓害虫呢。当然，这是在吃素的条件下才成立的。)这样一辈子下来，不但没有造孽，还积了不少德。

我是吃素的，有人说我亏了，我问为什么，他说：“有那么多美味吃不到，长不出健壮的身体。”可现在呢?我吃的东西比谁都好吃，我比任何人都健康，健壮虽说不是第一，但也不错。吃肉还会弄出那么多名堂，非典啦，禽流感啦。所以说，吃素很健康，还保住了不少动物的性命。

现在越来越多的动物濒临灭绝了，我希望大家珍惜它们，不要因为一己之利或者面子去杀害它们，好吗?

Do you love animals? Animals and human beings are the owner of this beautiful planet that we all have the right to freedom of survival on this planet, have the right to enjoy nature gives us everything, this is our common homeland.

However, in the eyes of some people, but these animals is some lose your life, no life, no feelings. They are just delicious or money can buy the things on the table, the people in order to kill all kinds of animals and birds, fur clothing and food in order to the so-called "mouth" a lot of killing selling duck, full mountain bird nets, traps set, overrun by shocking animal remains, such as there are numerous unsubstantiated reports that have appeared. Dropped sharply in animal species, some animals have become extinct or endangered, too cruel. Dont know what those people long is the heart of stone, if left unchecked, we can no longer hear birds schools of thought contend, and cant see the fish live the bottom of the sea, many animals will become "according to historical records". The world will no longer be rich and colorful, the world will only greedy human lonely and sad. This is the tragedy of the entire human race.

Have a word said good, protect animals is to love ourselves, any kind of animal in nature are one part of the food chain, a ring is indispensable, the lack of any one ring will upset the balance of nature, to suffer or ourselves, many animals are friends of human beings, human beings are not often divides into the animal beneficial insects and pests? If beneficial insects is destroyed, it is how a situation? If extinction beneficial insects pests also ceased to exist, the survival of the animal extinction is closely related to our life.

To protect animals, cherish life, is that we call, from the bottom of his heart. We should start from around things, care for small animals, care for the weak life, refuse to eat wild animals, refused to wear clothes made of animal skins, animal bones, accessories and supplies. Resolutely resist the behavior of animal cruelty, and animals together for us to build a harmonious coexistence of their homes.

你热爱动物吗?动物和人类一样都是我们这个美丽星球的拥有者，都有权利在这个星球上自由的生存，都有权利享有大自然赋予我们的一切，这是我们共同的家园。

然而在有些人眼中，这些动物不过是一些任人宰割、没有生命、没有感情的东西。它们不过是餐桌上的美味或能换取金钱的物品，人们为了皮衣和食品杀死各种飞禽走兽，为了所谓“口福”大量捕杀贩卖山珍野味，满山的捕鸟网，遍野的捕兽套，令人触目惊心的动物残骸，诸如此类的报道屡见不鲜，不绝于声。致使动物种类大幅减少，有些动物已经灭绝或濒于灭绝，太残忍了。不知道那些人长的是怎样的铁石心肠，如果任其发展下去，我们再也听不到百鸟争鸣，再看不到鱼翔海底，许多动物将成为“据史料记载”。这个世界将不再丰富多彩，这个世界将只剩下贪婪人类的孤独和凄凉。这是整个人类的悲哀。

有一句话说的好，保护动物就等于爱护我们自己，大自然中的任何一种动物都是食物链的一环，一环不可缺少，缺少任何一环都会打乱自然界的平衡，遭殃的还是我们自己，许多动物都是人类的朋友，人类自己不是经常把动物分为益虫和害虫吗?如果益虫都灭绝了，那会是怎样一种情况呢?如果害虫灭绝益虫也不复存在，动物的生存灭绝与我们的生活密切相关。

保护动物，珍惜生命，是我们从心底发出的呼唤。我们要从身边的小事做起，爱护小动物，爱护弱小生命，拒绝食用野生动物，拒绝穿戴使用兽皮、兽骨做的衣服，饰品和用品。坚决抵制残害动物的行为，为我们和动物共同营造一个和谐共存的家园。

在我童年的回忆中，只养过一个小小的宠物，大家知道是什么吗?一只可爱的乌龟儿!

乌龟儿是我从市场上购买的，那个卖乌龟的阿姨告诉我，这种乌龟儿永远长不大。听了阿姨的话，我对这只可爱的乌龟儿更加的好奇了。

乌龟儿有一个硬邦邦的壳儿，这可是它的“保护伞”哟!它的壳儿是翠绿色的，上面排满了六边形的团，下面也是由六边形的团组成的，只不过是乳白色的;乌龟儿的头一旦有东西碰到了，酒会快速和两队足一起收回壳儿里，显得它特别小心谨慎。这只乌龟儿很特被，头上有个菱形的小红点，特像个“小剑客”。乌龟儿的眼睛水灵灵的、大大的，下面长着一张“樱桃小嘴”;再说说乌龟儿的四肢。它虽然爬得很慢，但动作却很迅速，四肢很灵活;乌龟儿有一根小瞧的尾巴，细得像根毛线。这根小尾巴平时伸出来时一摆一摆的可爱极了!

第一天把乌龟儿买回来是它在小鱼缸里一动也不动的，我还以为它死了呢!过了一段时间，在我和外婆的精心照料下，乌龟儿终于肯把头伸出来了，但有脚步声，它又把头和四肢都收回了它那硬邦邦的“保护伞”里。又过了一段时间;乌龟儿终于和我像好朋友一样，非常开心。

乌龟儿喜欢住在有水的地方(水不能太深)、喜欢吃颗粒较小的龟食、喜欢在平地上玩耍……

动物是人类的朋友，让我们亲近动物、关爱动物、保护动物，让我们从身边做起、从小事做起，让动物和人类成为真正的好朋友!

The earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it for ourselves and for our later generations. Fortunately, more and more people have realized these problems. Measures have been taken to cope with these problems by the government. Laws have been passed to stop pollution. I hope the problem will be solved in the near future and our home will become better and better

Harmony with the environment is that we live in on Earth, who is a natural son, and not only to natural persons as the conqueror, as we all know, there is only one earth and the mountains on Earth, the animals. Plant human cells, if it damaged, destroyed nature organizations, to the eradication of mankind. Therefore, the environment must be linked with social ethics, character education and practice acts as an important element of it. Everyone must fulfil its responsibilities and obligations to protect the environment.

译文：地球是我们的家，我们有责任照顾它为我们自己和后代。幸运的是，越来越多的人已经意识到这些问题。已采取措施来对付这些问题的政府。法律已经通过了停止污染。我希望这个问题将得到解决在不久的将来，我们的家园会越来越好

与环境和谐的是，我们生活在地球上，谁是自然的儿子，不仅自然人作为征服者，我们都知道，只有一个地球和地球上山脉的动物。人类细胞植物，如果它损坏，销毁性质组织，以消灭人类。因此，必须在环境与社会伦理，品德教育和实践行为的重要组成部分它。每个人都必须履行其责任和义务来保护环境。

有一次，我看见在学校门口有一群人围在那，我就好奇的走过去看看，我看见有一位阿姨在那里卖小蝌蚪，那些小蝌蚪非常的活泼可爱，它那小小的身体就像一个个逗号，在盆子里游来游去，它们还不知道它们即将变成小朋友的玩具，它们可能即将死于非命，因为这种贩卖小蝌蚪的行为，让我看了十分心痛。因为小蝌蚪长大了会变成青蛙，青蛙可是庄家的“守护神".

青蛙是动物世界里最出色的“小小捕虫专家”，就连农民伯伯也亲密的称它为“农田卫士”.青蛙眼睛锐利，舌头吞吐迅速，专门捕捉苍蝇.蚊子.飞蛾等害虫，一只青蛙一天捕食害虫少说也有五六十只，多则两百多只，照这样推算一只青蛙一年至少要吃掉一万八千只害虫.你想如果你杀死一只青蛙就等于杀死一个庄家“小卫士”，也等于让几万只害虫逃之夭夭，从而使庄家招到更多的危害，捕捉青蛙会让青蛙的数量减少甚至绝种，失去这些好朋友是多么可惜啊！如果青蛙绝种了那么谁来保护庄家保护良田呢，有句农谚说的好：“春捕一只蛙，秋少一担粮”！可见青蛙和庄家息息相关！

不但青蛙是益虫，就连它们的宝宝蝌蚪也是捕虫能手，一只蝌蚪每天可以吃掉一百多只蚊子，如果每亩田多有四百多只青蛙农民就可以不用喷洒农药了，我们也就能够吃到无公害的绿色食品了！这样不仅庄稼获得了丰收，生活用水也可以少受到污染了，大家也不用担心因为水的污染身体收到伤害了.这是多么美好的一件事啊！

世界不能没有动植物，保护动植物就等于人类，让我们携起手来保护动植物保护青蛙吧！

全市的小朋友们：

小动物是我们人类的好朋友，请求大家好好保护它们吧！不要用石头、棍子打伤它们，它们有血有肉会痛的，会哭泣的，它们的爸爸妈妈会心疼的。小动物们为我们地球的生态平衡做出了巨大贡献，因此，我们特向全市小朋友们发出以下倡议：

一、不要打小动物，不要捕捉小动物。

二、多照顾小动物，把无家可归受伤的小动物送到收容所。

三、向全社会广泛宣传保护小动物的重要意义。

四、认真学习小动物的生活习性，学会保护小动物的知识。

小朋友们！让我们心连心、手拉手，共同为保护小动物事业做出贡献吧！保护小动物协会成员：林思宇

When the Arctic Ocean freezes over in the autumn, polar bears set off in search of their favorite meals: fatty ringed seals and bearded seals. By the summer, the sea ice begins to melt and break apart. Deprived of access to the tasty seals, polar bears spend the summer fasting. At least, thats whats supposed to happen. As the planet warms, the warmer ice-free season is getting longer and longer. So whats a hungry bear to do?

Scientists once thought that polar bears might survive by supplementing their pinniped diet by turning to terrestrial foods like snow geese, their eggs and caribou.

"Weve had this debate in the literature about whether terrestrial foods are nutritionally relevant to polar bears during the on-land season when the ice has melted."

University of Alberta biologist Nick Pilfold.

"And weve known for a long time, going back to research in the early 70s, even going to back to early explorer logs, that polar bears will consume terrestrial based foods. But the debate was always whether those foods actually add up, energetically." In other words, do these substitutes provide enough nutrition to make up for the lost seals?

To find out, Pilfold and his colleagues estimated the weight lost each day by polar bears in the wilds of western Hudson Bay during the ice-free season, when they could ostensibly be chowing down on terrestrial foods. Then they compared that to the weight lost by bears that are temporarily held in Manitobas Polar Bear Alert Program.

While captive, the bears do not eat. They drop about one kilogram each day. But the wild bears, who had access to the Arctic snack bar, lost the same amount of weight each day. The results are in the journal Physiological and Biochemical Zoology.

"Which is really saying that the terrestrial foods do not have dense enough energy to offset the mass loss. So this idea that bears can just switch from eating sea ice–based food to land food and thats going to help supplement against longer ice-free seasons, that really doesnt show up in the data."

The problem is that polar bears evolved to rely on the marine diet.

"The food on land is protein and carbohydrate based, and the food the polar bears really focus on is fat. Fat is the name of the game for these bears; theyre highly adapted to absorbing that fat into their system and putting it onto their body as body mass, so they can fast on it later on. And the only thing thats going to provide them with that type of fat are marine mammals. And they can only access those marine mammals when theres sea ice."

Adult males can go eight months without food. But younger, sub-adult bears, which are no longer nursing and must hunt, cant last as long without sea ice. So as the Arctic warms, younger polar bears will disproportionately die out. Leaving the species survival in doubt.

北冰洋在秋季结冰以后，北极熊就会出发去寻求它们最喜欢的食物：富含脂肪的海豹和胡子海豹。海冰在夏季开始融化断裂。这使北极熊在夏季无法吃到美味的海豹，所以它们进入禁食期。至少，情况应该是这样。但是由于地球变暖，温暖的无冰季节越来越长。那饥饿的北极熊要怎么办?

科学家曾经认为，北极熊可能会转向陆地上的食物来补充它们对鳍足类动物饮食的需求，进而生存下去，这些陆地食物包括雪雁、雪雁蛋和北美驯鹿。

“文献中有过这类辩论，即在寒冷融化时陆地食物是否能满足北极熊的营养需求。”

尼克·皮尔福德是加拿大阿尔伯塔大学的生物学家。

“通过上世纪70年代初的研究，还有早期的探险者日志，我们很早以前就知道，北极熊会以陆地食物为食。但是辩论的焦点在于，这些食物是否能增加北极熊的能量。”换句话说，这些替代食物能否为北极熊提供足够的营养，弥补不能进食海豹带来的损失?

为了解开这个疑惑，皮尔福德及同事对西哈德逊湾荒野地区的北极熊在无冰季期间每天失掉的体重进行了估算，从表面上看，北极熊在这段时间食用了陆地食物。随后，他们将这一数据与通过马尼托巴北极熊预警计划暂时捕得的北极熊所失掉的体重进行了对比。

在被关期间，北极熊不吃东西。它们的体重每天大约下降1公斤。虽然野生北极熊能享用北极“小吃”，但是它们的体重每天也同样会下降1公斤。这一研究结果发表在《生理学和生化动物学》期刊上。

“显然结果表明，陆地食物不能为北极熊提供足以抵消大量损失的能量。所以，北极熊可以从食用海冰下面的食物转向食用陆地食物，并帮助它们对抗日益延长的无冰季这个观点，并没有在这项数据中得到证明。”

问题是，北极熊进化成了依靠海洋食物的动物。

“陆地食物以蛋白质和碳水化合物为基础，而北极熊需要的食物以脂肪为主。脂肪是这些熊真正需要的东西;它们高度适应的情况是，将脂肪吸收进它们的系统中，然后把这些脂肪放在身上以增加体重，这样它们之后就可以依靠这些脂肪来度过禁食期。唯一能提供给北极熊这种脂肪的就是海洋哺乳动物。但是它们只能在有海冰时食用到这些海洋哺乳动物。”

成年北极熊可以8个月不进食。但是小一些的未成年北极熊已经不再被哺育，它们必须要去猎食，可是它们不能在漫长的无冰季期间一直不进食。所以，随着北极地区变暖，较小的北极熊将会大批死亡。这使这些物种的生存成为问题。

前些日子到新屋的流浪狗之家观赏，才知道当流浪狗被送到收容所，八成都会面对安乐死的命运，想要协助它们，却因家中环境的确不宜养狗而无能为力，只能眼睁睁看着它们落寞、乞怜的身影，恋恋不舍地回家。这让我意识到每种动物都有“活下去”的权益，也让我从头考虑生命的价值。

人类自诩为万物之灵，却不懂得尊重生命，自以为自己有才能分配生命，做出许多不人道的事，还打着“维护生态”的名号，把本来放生的好心，悉数炸毁，先不说生意人常用它来赚取金钱，“放生”的人不光常常把动物“放死”，还形成生态被严峻破害，也连累了其它无计其数的无辜生命，遭受逝世的要挟。假如久而久之，我只能说：“人类的无知和愚笨，将会做出无法弥补的差错和浩劫。”

所以，“放生”并不是仅有或真实正确的“维护生态”方法，而究竟要怎么实践“维护生态”呢?我想就先从咱们身边做起，不管眼前是心爱的小猫、小狗，或是细小的蚂蚁，咱们都不要去优待、捉弄，乃至摧残它们。从前读过一本“女王蜂”的故事集，里边叙说三个兄弟，历经含辛茹苦，奔走风尘去解救公主，在途中，最小的弟弟不管兄长们的对立，救了蚂蚁、鸭子和蜜蜂，成果最终也由于这些小动物们的帮助，三兄弟总算顺畅救回公主，安全归来。这个故事不光在宣传“善有善报”的道理，更提示咱们爱护动物的重要性。上天有救苦救难，再细小的生命，都值得咱们尊重，都不答应人们滥加损伤。

现在，国际上有许多生物濒临绝种，咱们不该抱持事不关己的情绪，更应该发挥“维护生态”的观念，活跃保育每一种生命，让咱们生计的自然环境愈加多元丰厚，愈加生气蓬勃，生生世世，生生不息!

My favorite little animal - the turtle, I gave it a name called "Li Shijan", usually I call it "extension". It is not just a lovely shape and it can sometimes understand my words! Its head small, neck thin, but also carrying a bowl like the size of the shell, green, pointed little tail It is very interesting to start the road.

Although it is only a small animal, but it also has a good heart. Once a grandfather was hospitalized, it was hunger! Even if we had bought it the most favorite loach fish, it would not have eaten it. Until the grandfather half a month after discharge, it was happy to eat, when the devil is really like people love and pity.

But sometimes it is also "hateful"! One day, it is in the glass cylinder hold the uncomfortable to come out, I see it anxious look like to help it, I use the index finger and thumb carefully pinch its shell, light I did not want to come out, did not think that it was with a sharp claws to scratch me, really do not know good people! Although I am very angry, but to see it happy on the ground free to play everywhere, I am also happy for it The

This is my favorite little animal - the turtle "extension". Do you like it?

Xitang, a beautiful scenery, the scenery pleasant, pond water bottom, little fish in the water, the ducks on the water, and a variety of unknown elf dallied, men weeping willows graceful, flowers to outshine each other... But then xitang is changed.

Xitang, turned into a "dump". Pond floated on the surface of a lot of garbage bags, sometimes floating in the pumpkin. Below the surface are all black skin mud, and people have lost. How to make the town is not contaminated?

From now on, we have to clean the bottom of the pond sludge, dont let the pond water in xitang, well have some trash can, men and also made some billboards, told men store boss and passing pedestrians dont litter.

Let us act, to join protect xitang environment! I believe in the near future, xitang must be as beautiful as before.

以前的西塘，景色优美，风光宜人，塘水清澈见底，小鱼儿在水中漫步，野鸭们和各种不知名的小精灵在水上戏耍，塘边垂柳婀娜多姿，花儿争奇斗艳……可后来西塘却变了。

西塘变成了“垃圾场”。塘面上漂着许多垃圾袋，有时还漂着臭南瓜。水面下全都是黑黑的泥和人们丢的果皮。怎样才能让西塘不受污染呢?

从现在开始，我们要清理塘底的污泥，不让塘水流进西塘里，我们要塘边放一些垃圾桶，还要立一些告示牌，告诉塘边商店的老板和过往的行人不要乱丢垃圾了。

让我们行动起来，加入保护西塘的环境的行列中去吧!我相信不久的将来，西塘一定能像以前那样美的。

It was a fine day today and the sun was bright.I visited Beijing Zoo with my classmate， He Song.The animals were so interesting that all the people loved them.When a bear asked for some food by waving its ann， a visitor threw something to it.At once I went up to him and said without thinking，Dont do that.Its bad for it.If you really love them， take good care of them。 His face turned red and answered he wouldnt do that again。

动物是我们人类的好朋友，有很多对我们有益的动物呢!你们知道我认识的动物是什么吗?告诉你们吧，它们是：蜘蛛、水枪鱼、壁虎，这些动物都是吃虫子的。

蜘蛛是一个会结网的能手!它结了网就可以把害虫捉住了。其实，它的网是粘粘的，透明的，难以看见，等蚊子、苍蝇经过的时候，一不小心就会被蜘蛛网粘住，蜘蛛就会美餐一顿了!

不但蜘蛛会吃蚊子，也有别的动物爱吃蚊子，但它们捉害虫的地方是不同的。水枪鱼是在河里，一看到岸边的野草上的害虫，就游到离那东西很近的地方，然后，吸一点水朝害虫喷去，害虫打中了!落下来，落到了水枪鱼的嘴里。壁虎是在墙上找蚊子吃的，只要它看到墙上有一只虫子，就轻手轻脚地接近虫子，让虫子感觉不到，然后，一下扑过去，吃掉虫子就慢慢地回家了。

我们要保护有益的动物，让害虫变得更少，美化我们的环境。

中考将至，环境保护成为一个热门话题，下面是小编整理的关于保护环境的英语作文，希望对你有帮助。

6月5日( June 5)是世界环境保护日, 我们周围的环境变得越来越糟糕,污染越来越严重。环境问题影响着人们的工作,学习,生活等,而我们的工作,生活,生产等又使环境污染越来越严重......如何保护我们的环境? 请以“ How to protect/save our environment/world? ”为题写一篇短文。

提示:存在问题:1.水污染越来越严重;2.砍伐森林严重;3. 大气污染严重;4. 白色垃圾等。

要求：如何改善/保护环境?至少:3---4个方面, 80字左右的。

★ 范文

How to protect/save our environment/world?

The environmental pollution is worse and worse /more and more seriously today. Water is polluted; we have no clean water to drink. Many trees are cutting down, some animals is getting less and less. Some factories are pouring dirty air in the sky, the population is increasing faster and faster, resources are getting less and less…etc. Not only does it affect our lives and health, it but also has a great affection in the future. Peoples health has been greatly affected by air, noise and water pollution. Many people died of diseases. In order to live a better life, we need protect our world.

We shouldn’t throw away rubbish everywhere. We want to recycle, reduce, reuse things .Don’t waste things. This saves money and reduces pollution. Use things for as long as possible. We don’t use plastic bags. We must plant more trees and stop the people cutting them .We hope our world becomes more and more beautiful.

.拯救地球

地球是我们人类共同的家园，人类只有一个地球。“低碳、环保”已成为当今时代主题。目前，我市英语学会准备在全市中学生中开展以“Save(拯救)our earth”为主题的英文征文活动。现请你根据以下三个方面的提示，写一篇80词左右的短文参评。

1.重要性：只有一个地球

2.主要问题：污染、疾病、灾难

3.措施：停止污染、保护大自然

参考词汇：disaster n.灾难 protect V. 保护

注意：(1)文中不能出现真实姓名、校名;

(2)文章标题已给出，但不计入总词数;

(3)可适当发挥，以使行文连贯。

★ 范文

Let’s Do Something to Save Our Environment

It is recently reported that some rivers and lakes have dried up in South China. A lot of fishes died. The bottoms of the rivers and lakes have become grass land. The water is becoming less and less because of the bad weather.

So everyone should do something to save our environment. First, we should save every drop of water, such as turning off the taps after using it and recycling the water. For example, we can water the plants and clean the rest room with our used water. Second, we should save energy, such as less turning on the lights and turning off the lights when we leave;Do more walking, more bicycling and less driving and so on. Third, we should ask our government to control the pollution from the factories.

Let’s act now from everything to save our environment. Don’t let our tears be the last drop of water in the world!

拓展阅读：英语写作句子常用类型

1. in order to

为了实现他的梦想，他学习非常努力。

He worked very hard in order to realize his dream. 2. in order that

她拼命干活以便到六点时把一切都准备就绪。

She worked hard in order that everything would be ready by 6 o’clock..

3. so…that

他们太累了，除了伸懒腰什么都做不了了。

They were all so tired that they could do nothing but yawn.

4. such…that

天气非常冷，以致于街上一个人都没有。

It was such a cold day that there was nobody on the street.

5. would rather do…than do

他宁愿听他人讲而不愿自己说。

He would rather listen to others than talk himself.

6. prefer doing to doing

他宁愿在精心准备后去做报告。

He prefers making speeches after careful preparation.

7. prefer to do…rather than do

比起女人，男人总是宁可在家睡觉也不愿花那么多时间来购物。

Compared with women, men always prefer to sleep at home rather than spend so much time shopping.

8. not only…but also

在短短的三年的时间里她不但完成了所有课程，而且还获得了博士学位。

In just three years, she had not only finished all the lessons, but also received her doctor’s degree.

9. either…or

如果考试过关，你可以买一个MP3或去云南玩一趟。

You could either buy an MP3 or go to Yunnan for a visit if you pass the exam.

10. Neither…nor

他是一个无聊的人，既不爱娱乐，也不爱读书。

He is a boring man. He likes neither entertainment nor reading.

11. as well as

他善良又乐于助人。

He was kind as well as helpful.

12. …as well

这个小孩活泼又可爱。

The child is active and funny as well.

13. One…the other

你看见桌子上有两只笔吗?一支是红色的，另一支是黑色的。

Have you seen two pens on the desk? One is red, the other is black.

14. Some…others

每个人都很忙，有些在读书，有些在写作。

Everyone is busy in classroom. Some are reading, others are writing.

15. make…+adj /n

我们所做的可以让世界更美丽。

What we do will make the world more beautiful.

16. not…until

直到他告诉我发生的事，我才了解真相。

I didn’t know the truth until she told me what happened.

17. as if

他夸夸其谈好像什么事都知道。

He talks a lot as if he knows everything.

18. It is no use (good) doing…

假装不懂规则是行不通的。

It’s no use pretending that you didn’t know the rules.

19. find it + adj to do…

我觉得作听力时有必要作笔记。

I find it necessary to take down notes while listening.

20. It is + time since…

我已经有两年没见他了。

It is two years since I last met him.

21. It is + time when…

我到电影院时已经八点钟了。

It was 8 o’clock when I got to the cinema.

22. It is + time before…

不久我们就会再见面的。

I won’t be long before we can meet again.

23. It is…that…

我最珍视的是友谊。

It is friendship that I value most.

24. It is + n / adj + that / to do…

每个人都必须懂得如何使用计算机

It is a must that everybody should know how to use computers.