高中新学期计划英语作文带翻译精选20篇

Dear Mr.Brown:

As I have not heard of you for long, I feel anxious.How are you doing in this winter vocation.Some of my classmates intend to travel,because they think it can relax themself.There has some students plans to read more books at home,in order to make a preparation for the learning of future.Other schoolmates prepare to take part in physical exercise,just for keep their health.By the way, my plan of winter vocation is doing more houseworks for my mother,because she is very hard to do that.I want to relieve her burden.

Let me hear if you receive the letter safely.

Yours

[寒假的计划初中英语作文

Last winter holiday, I went to Harbin with my mother. Its very cold in winter.

There is snow and ice everywhere and you are always in a white world. You must wear warm clothes.

The most exciting thing is playing with snow. Skating is also very interesting there.

I will always remember Harbin, for the snow, the ice and all the beautiful things. I love Harbin.

In the east of China,there is a small city---Haimen.I was born

there.Today,I am telling you about my hometown.

Haimen is not far from Shanghai.Its at the mouth of the Changjiang

River.Haimen is a modern city.There are lots of high buildings in it.Most of us

live in flats.We like to live in flats because we can be close to our friends.In

the center of Haimen,there are many shops.You can buy some nice things

here.Things in most shops arent expensive.You can pay a little money and they

are yours.

My hometown is a beautiful city.On each of the roads,there are some big

trees and nice flowers.The roads are also very clean.They make people happy and

comfortable.The seasons here are very nice.I like autumn best.Its neither hot

nor cold.A poem says “Flyer of summer come to my window to sing,then fly

away.And yellow leaves of autumn,which have no songs,just fall there with a

sign.” Its very cool.

I love Haimen.Its a nice place to live.Welcome to my hometown.

Spring Festival is one of the traditional festivals in China. On the 30th day of the year, children should pay a New Years greetings to their elders. People want to be reunited with their loved ones and have a New Years eve dinner. To stay at home, watch "Spring Festival gala", while keeping watch; At 12 am, outside the home, the window, downstairs, firecrackers sound deafening, people set off firecrackers, completely intoxicated in the Spring Festival this festive season.

I spent the Spring Festival at my mother-in-laws house. In the evening, I watched the "Spring Festival gala" as usual, and when it was getting closer to 12, the host was counting down "10,9,8... 3,2,1. As the Numbers approached, the sound grew more and more slowly, and continued until 12 o clock. When the countdown is over, our house is busy! "Happy New Year! Chinese New Year! Youre one year older." Then our family went downstairs and set off fireworks. The other day, my uncle bought a lot of firecrackers. There is a gyro, a little bee, a pearl, a world, and a lot of names. The appearance of firecrackers also has many. Flower face, butterfly... Some of heaven and earth ring 20 hair, some of the world sounds 50, and there is another 100. Of all the firecrackers, the most striking is the sound of heaven and earth. Its about the same size as a small table. I can feed four or five people. It is also heavy and requires two or three adults to move. After a long wait, the other firecrackers were finally finished. Thats the beginning! "Knock! Pa! Bam! Pa! Bam! Pa! ...... "The voice was so loud that it was like a loud thunderclap of thunder.

Although I covered my ears, when the sound was too loud, I could hear it. In the last few rounds, "bam! Bam! Bam! Pa! Wow! The explosion of firework, like a flame, scattered all around. It was a magnificent sight! When I got home, my heart was still very long. Who will clean it up? Of course its my aunt and uncle. In order to make nanjing more beautiful, they would sacrifice the time of the New Year, to be honest, meticulous, meticulous and selfless. And are now on duty of the polices uncle aunts, they in order to make the safety of the citizens have a year, in every corner of the city of nanjing, dedicated to patrol the, thought of here, I entered the beautiful dreams...

春节是我国传统节日之一。在年30这天，小朋友们要给长辈拜年，拿红包；人们要和亲人团聚，吃年夜饭；更要在家，一边看“春节联欢晚会”，一边守岁；等到凌晨12点，家外，窗边，楼下，鞭炮声震耳欲聋，人们放着鞭炮，完全沉醉在春节这欢乐的节日中。

我是在婆婆家过的春节。晚上，我照旧在看“春节联欢晚会”，当离12点越来越近时，主持人进行倒计时“10，9，8……3，2，1。”随着数字的接近，声音越来越缓慢，一直延续着，直到12点。当倒计时数完时，我们家热闹起来了了！妈妈高兴的喊道：“过年啦！过年啦！你又长大了一岁。”接着，我们一家下楼放烟火。前几天，舅舅买了许多鞭炮。有地陀螺，有小蜜蜂，有夜明珠，有天地响，还有许多叫不上名字的。鞭炮的样子也有许多。花脸，蝴蝶……有的天地响20发，有的天地响50发，还有的天地响100发。在这么多的鞭炮中，最引人注目的要数一种天地响。它的个头同一个小桌子差不多。能供四五个人吃饭。它的重量也很重，需要两三个成年人才能搬动。等了好久，终于把其他鞭炮放完了。当头好戏开始了！“嘭！啪！嘭！啪！嘭！啪！……”这声音惊天动地，好似雷公公发怒的巨响。

我虽然捂住了耳朵，当声音实在是太大，还是能听见。到了最后几发，“嘭！嘭！嘭！啪！哗哗哗哗哗！！”炸开的烟花如火焰一般向四周散去，那情景非常壮观！回到家，我的心仍然久久不能平静。谁来清理呢？当然是清洁工叔叔阿姨了。他们为了让南京更加美丽，不惜牺牲过年的时间，认认真真、仔仔细细、一丝不苟、无私奉献地打扫。还有，现在正值班的警察叔叔阿姨们，他们为了让市民们安全的过个年，在南京市的每一个角落，兢兢业业地巡逻着，想到这里，我进入了美丽的梦乡……

Hello everyone.

Now let me talk about myself.

My name is _____.I was born in _____.There are _____people in my family, my father is a _____, my mother is a _______.And as everyone know,Im a student.Everyone has his own interests.As for me,I like reading books,playing basketball,listening to the music and so on.Now today we are in the same class,I hope we will get on well with each other.Thanks.

大家好。

现在让我来介绍一下我自己

我的名字叫______。我出生在_______。我家有_______口人，我的爸爸是一个________,我的妈妈是_______。那么就如大家所知，我当然就是一个学生了。每一个人都有他自己的兴趣。至于我，我喜欢看书，打篮球，听音乐等等。今天我们相聚在同一个教室，我希望我们将会相处愉悦。谢谢大家。

导语：高中是要奔着高考去冲刺的，自然要好好努力一番，英语作为主课千万不能落下，每天多背一些吧。小编为你整理了高中英语谚语大全，欢迎大家阅读

1、Diligence is the mother of success.

成功来自勤奋。

2、God helps those who help themselves.

自助者天助。

3、Gold will not buy anything.

黄金并非万能。

4、No man can do two things at once.

一心不可二用。

5、Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.

世上无难事，只要肯登攀。

6、Wealth is nothing without health.

失去健康，钱再多也没用。

7、Dont put off till tomorrow what should be done today.

今日事，今日毕。

8、Two heads are better than one.

三个臭皮匠，赛过诸葛亮。

9、Actions speak louder than words.

事实胜于雄辩。

10、A friend in need is a friend indeed.

患难见真情。

11、All things are difficult before they are easy.

万事先难后易。

12、An idle youth, a needy age. / A young idler, an old beggar.

少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。

13、Well begun is half done.

良好的开端是成功的一半。

14、Health is happiness.

健康就是幸福。

15、He laughs best who laughs last.

谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。

16、Failure is the mother of success.

失败是成功之母。

17、Where there is a will, there is a way.

有志者事竟成。

18、Practice makes perfect.

熟能生巧。

19、An apple a day keeps the doctor away.

一天一个苹果，医生远离我。

20、Health is above wealth.

健康胜于财富。

21、Kill two birds with one stone.

一箭双雕。

22、All beginnings are hard.

万事开头难。

23、The early bird catches the worm.

早起的鸟儿有虫吃。

24、Easier said than done.

说起来容易做起来难。

25、Think twice before you do、/Look before you leap.

三思而后行。

26、Do as the Romans do.

入乡随俗。

27、A good beginning is half done.

良好的开端是成功的一半。

28、Knowledge is power.

知识就是力量。

29、Facts speak plainer than words.

事实胜于雄辩。

30、Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success.

自信是走向成功的第一步。

31、A thousand mile trip begins with one step.

千里之行，始于足下。

32、Unity is strength.

团结就是力量。

33、Time and tide wait for no man.

时不我待。

34、Do nothing by halves.

不可半途而废。

35、Business before pleasure.

先工作，后娱乐。

36、Nothing is too difficult in the world if you set your mind into it.

世上无难事，只怕有心人。

37、Dont judge by appearance.

不可以貌取人。

38、Time flies.

光阴似箭。

39、Time is money.

时间就是金钱。

40、Nothing seek, nothing find.

没有追求就没有收获。

41、A life without a friend is a life without a sun.

人生没有朋友，犹如生活没有阳光。

42、A life without a friend is a life without a sun.

活到老，学到老。

43、All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

只工作而无娱乐会使人愚钝。

44、Every advantage has its disadvantage.

有利必有弊。

45、Every advantage has its disadvantage.

光阴一去不复返。

46、All roads lead to Rome.

条条大路通罗马。

47、Do it now.(.)

机不可失，时不再来。

48、As one door closes, another door opens.

无绝人之路。

49、Honesty is the best policy.

做人诚信为本。

In the past few decades, our Earth has changed a lot, but to the bad

direction. Among these changes, the air pollutions resulting from a huge number

of automobiles and coal-burning is almost the severest. The severe air pollution

alarms humans of the heavy load we have exerted on Earth by our insatiable

production and usage of automobiles. However, with the deepening of

urbanization, more cars are needed, which will make the air pollution worse.

Therefore, the following actions should be taken. First, we should apply the

most cutting-edge technologies in order to adopt new forms of energy as

substitutes for fossil fuels. Second, try hard to develop possible

transportation means, which are enviromental friendly. So that the citizens can

reduce the dependence on cars. In short, our humans should take responsibilities

for the air pollution and have to find ways to solve this problem.

Some people think that keeping pets is a good thing. They say that it is an

hobby which should had. They also claim that pets make lives more colorful and

entertaining for both women and men.

有些人认为养宠物是一件美好的事情。他们说，(养宠物)是一个应该拥有的爱好。他们也声称养宠物可以使生活更加多彩，并给男人和女人带来更多趣味。

On the other hand, there are many people who say that pets should be

banned. They point out that pets are responsible for disease which hurt

property, and for injuries suffered both by the people who kept them and by

innocent other people. They also say that pets are a waste of money and

resources.

另一方面，也有很多人说应该禁止养宠物。他们指出宠物是造成伤害(身体)性能的疾病的原因，并且会使养宠物的人和其他无辜的人受伤。他们也说，养宠物是一个浪费钱和资源(的事)。

My own point of view is that we should had the hobby of keeping pets. While

at the same time making them harmless. In addition, we should restrict the

keeping the pets to some area.

我的观点是我们应该有养宠物的爱好。尽管(我们)同时要使它们少受伤害。另外，我们应该禁止在某些区域内养宠物。

Most people has a sweet home, so have I. I think my home is sweet because

it is my best place to have rest or have fun with my friends or my parents.

许多人拥有一个甜蜜的家，我也有。我认为我的家是甜蜜的，因为它是我休息、与父母、朋友一起玩乐的地方。

I can remember clearly. Once I came back home late because my teacher

didnt want me leave until I finished my homework. At that time, the weather

became colder and the wind became stronger. I was so hungry and cold at that

time! I felt I cant take it any more, so I ran to my home quickly. When I got

my home, I felt much more warmer and happiness than ever before!

我可以清楚地记着。有一次，直到我完成作业，老师才肯放我回家，所以我就回来晚了。那时候，天气更冷了，风也变得更大了。在那时，我又冷又饿。我觉得自己无法承受了，所以我迅速地跑回家。当我到家的时候，我感到从未有过的温暖和幸福。

Thats why I love my sweet home. Dont you think so?

这就是为什么我爱自己的甜蜜之家。难道你不是这么认为的么?

Now,I am a senior student in high school, who worked so hard in the past two years.As we all know, the study burden of high school students in China is heavy.

Therefore,we spend most of our time in study and we have little time to have fun.

However, I still consider the days in high school are the greatest, because I developmy strong will, improve my comprehensive abilities and make good friends inhigh school.

In daily life, I meet many problems in life and study, but I overcomethem all.

In the process, I get improvement. In addition, I develop deep relationshipswith my classmates while we study together.

We help each other and makeprogress together. We share our happiness and sorrows and support each other.There is an old saying that a friend in need is a friend indeed. It’s the supportand sharing that make the days cherished.

现在我是一名高三的学生，在过去的两年里我很努力地学习，因为众所周知的，在中国中学生的学习负担非常重。

因此，我们花费大部分的时间在学习上，玩乐的时间却很少。

然而，我始终认为高中是我最美的时光，因为在高中的两年里，我培养了坚强的意志，提高了自身的综合能力，更重要的是，我交到了许多朋友。平时，在生活和学习中我都遇到了许多问题，但我都克服了，在这个过程中，我得到了提高和进步。此外，在平时的学习生活中我也与同学们建立了深厚的感情。我们互相帮助，共同进步，也一起分享喜怒哀乐，互相支持。患难见真情，正是这份互相支持一起分享的感情使高中的时光变得弥足珍贵。

[高中英语作文：美丽的时光

What a fine day today !I’m very happy in this fine day 。 Beaucse today I don’t have to do my homework and I can play with my good friends 。There is lots of snow now ，so we make a sonw man 。That’s really intersting 。We play with snow to about 6:30 。Of couse I must go home now。 What a fan day !翻译：多么好的天气阿！在这样的好天气里我十分高兴，因为这天我不用写作业，并且能够和朋友们出去玩。那里此刻有很多雪，所以我们堆了一个雪人。那真的很搞笑。我们玩雪，一向到晚上6：30。当然此刻我务必回家了。 多么搞笑的一天啊！

Music is the important part of my life. The world needs music to amuse

peoples life. As they live in the fast pace, music can bring them the great joy

and relax. Since I was very small, I fell in love with music and every time when

I heard music, my body would move and feel relaxed. The function of music is

various.

There is a famous song, which called let the music heal your soul. A lot of

young people have their favorite singers. When they see their idols face to

face, they would say thank you to the singers, because their songs inspire these

young people to move on in the dark days. The songs deliver positive messages to

the public and inspire them to never give up.

Listening to the music is the main way for the young people to release

their pressure. Every day before I sleep, I will listen to the light music,

which helps me to take relax and make me sleep well. The reason why so many

people like to KTV after their work lies in releasing pressure. They need to

shout and then forget about the annoyance.

Music is favored by everyone and it is the indispensable part of our

life.

John is the most diligent student in our class. He is one of my friends. As a matter of fact, he gets along with his classmates. He might spend just five to ten minutes talking to you once in a long while, but he talks with enthusiasm and energy, and he likes to share his thinking and ideas with you. He is honest; he does not like to waste his time and energy. He never appears sleepy and tired in the classroom. He always hands in homework on time and also does well in his examinations, yet he has time practicing playing football and his violin skill. I admire him. I hope I can be as diligent as he is; John is persistent, attentive, and energetic.

[我的好朋友高中英语作文

Dear John， It’s Father’s Day today. It’s a special day， isn’t it？ I think we should do something to show our love for our fathers on this special day. My father and I are good friends. Whenever I meet with difficulties， he is always there， ready to help me. Today I will make a beautiful card for him， with my thanks and best wishes on it. Then I will help him wash the car this afternoon and cook his favorite food in the evening. Besides， I’ll take a walk with him after dinner and then play chess with him， for he likes it very much. I’m sure he’ll be very happy. What’s your plan for Father’s Day？ I’m looking forward to hearing from you. Yours，

亲爱的约翰： 今天是父亲节。它是一个特别的日子， 不是吗？ 在这个特别的日子我认为我们应该做一些事情来向我们的父亲表达我们的爱。我的爸爸和我是好朋友。不论我什么时候遇到困难， 他总是在那里准备帮助我。今天， 我将为他制作一张漂亮的卡片， 在上面写上我的谢意和最美好的祝愿。然后下午我将帮助他洗汽车， 在晚上做他最喜欢吃的食物。此外， 晚饭后我将和他散步， 然后和他下象棋， 因为他非常喜欢下象棋。我确信他将非常高兴。你的父亲节计划是什么？ 我期盼着你的来信。

我计划这个暑假独自去旅行。我曾经去旅游过几次，但是都是跟我家人或者朋友去的，从来没有自己去过。我想独自旅行一次，这样可以锻炼自己更坚强更自信。我把我的计划告诉了我的父母，他们非常支持我，还认为这是帮我成长的一个号机会。他们还告诉了我许多旅行要点，并帮我准备行李。我非常感激父母的理解以及他们对我的决定的尊重。我不会让他们失望。

I plan to go to travel alone this summer vacation. I have traveled several times, but gone with my family or friends, never did it alone. I want to do it once, so I can train myself to be stronger and more confident. I told my parents about my plan, they supported me very much, and they thought it is a good opportunity to help me grow up. They also told me many tips of traveling and prepared the package for me. I am grateful that my parents understand me and respect my decision. I won’t let them down.

自我介绍是向别人展示你自我介绍好不好，甚至直接关系到你给别人的第一印象的好坏及以后交往的顺利与否。同时，也是认识自我的手段。以下是小编整理的高中学生英语自我介绍，欢迎阅读！

Teachers，good afternoon. Allow me to briefly talk about myself.

My name is - Xianning graduated from the south gate of the private secondary schools. Tourism now studying at the school in Hubei Province. Studying hotel management professional.

I was a character，cheerful girl，so my hobbies is extensive. Sporty. In my spare time likes playing basketball， table tennis，volleyball，skating. When a person like the Internet at home，or a personal stereo. Not like too long immersed in the world of books，and family members have told me，Laoyijiege is the best. Talking about my family，then I will talk about my family has. Only three people my family，my grandmother，grandfather and my own. My grandfather is a engineer，I am very severely on peacetime，the Church me a lot. Grandma is a very kindly for the elderly，care for my life in every possible way. Therefore，I have no parents in their care，childhood and growth were full of joy.

I like this hotel management professional，because I like to live in a strict order of the management environment. I have my professional self-confidence and hope，as long as the efforts will be fruitful，this is my motto. Since I chose this profession，I will follow this path，effort，perseverance path.

Thank you teachers. I finished presentation.

中文翻译：

各位老师，下午好。请允许我简单介绍一下我自己。

我的名字叫——毕业于咸宁南门私立中学。现就读于湖北省旅游学校。学习饭店管理专业。

我是一个性格开朗的女孩子，所以我的兴趣爱好很广泛。热爱运动。在我闲暇的时候喜欢打篮球，乒乓球，排球，溜冰。一个人在家的时候喜欢上网，或者听歌。不太喜欢太长时间的沉浸在书的世界里，家人曾经告诉过我，劳逸结合是最好的。说到我的家人，那我就要说说我的家庭了。我家里只有三口人，我的奶奶，爷爷和我自己。我爷爷是个工程师，他平时对我很严厉，教会我很多东西。奶奶是个很慈祥的老人，对我的生活照顾得无微不至。所以没有父母的我在他们的照顾下，童年和成长都充满了快乐。

我喜欢酒店管理这个专业，是因为我喜欢生活在一个有严格管理秩序的环境里。我对我的专业充满自信和希望，只要努力，就会有收获，这是我的座右铭。既然我选择了这个专业，就会沿着我这条路，努力的，坚持不懈的走下去。

谢谢各位老师。我的介绍完毕。

HOW TO KEEP HEALTHY

As a middle school student,keeping healthy is very important.If we dont

pay attention to keep healthy,we cant study well.But most of the students dont

know how to do it.Do you know the ways to keep healthy?Now,let me give you some

advice.

Firstly,we should eat more fresh vegetables and fruits instead of eating

the food with fats and sugar.By this we wont be fat.We should also drink less

alcohol and drinks.And we shouldnt smoke.Secondly,we ought to have a goog

living habit.Getting up early and going to bed early can help us keep

healthy.Besides this,we can take regular exercise to have a healthy

body.Thirdly,we shouldnt be too tired.Its bad for our health.

All in all,we should pay more attention to keep healthy.Dont wait any

more!Lets start now!

参考译文

如何保持健康

作为一名中学生，保持健康是非常重要的。如果我们不注意保持身体健康，我们不能好好学习。但是大多数的学生不知道如何来做它。你知道如何保持健康?现在，让我给你一些建议。

首先，我们应该吃更多的新鲜蔬菜和水果代替的食用脂肪和糖的食物。我们不会是肥胖的。我们应该也少喝酒和饮料。我们不应该吸烟。其次，我们应该有一个键康的生活习惯。早起早睡可以帮助我们保持健康。除此之外，我们可以采取定期锻炼有一个健康的身体。第三，我们应该不会太累。它对我们的健康有害。

总的来说，我们应该多注意保持身体健康，不要再等待了!让我们现在开始!

Mom and dad said, to take me to the Grand Canyon in the eastern Chinese overseas Chinese city, the boring holiday at last have a trace of color, I am really happy. But my mother told me to make my own game plan, which could hurt my brain. I have never written this thing. What should I do?

Mother said, the schedule should have time, place, how to go, how to go back, how many buses to take, what items to play, what items to play, where to eat at noon, etc. So I went to the net to make my game plan, according to the * * * * statement.

First I went to the official website of the eastern Chinese overseas Chinese city. Wow, its really beautiful. Its just a picture. Theres a mountain with water and a leisurely cloud. But Im not moving for the picture, and clicking on a colorful playground sign. It was half past nine for him to open the door, so I wrote on the document: at half past eight, I went to the gate of the Grand Canyon. Then I saw that there were four theme parks in the Grand Canyon. I arranged what I did in the morning and what I did in the afternoon according to their switching time and activity level. For the afternoon the weather is hot, so I put the water park and forest fjord forest arranged in the afternoon, the ecological Canyon and the sea of clouds arranged in the morning and highland, can buy souvenirs and gather to eat at noon is the town of hayfield. But in order not to miss a fun thing, I also write down four items that can be played, and then I will not regret it.

I then Baidu map to search to the eastern overseas Chinese town to take several road car from my home, but this map is really dont give me a face, in the swing for a long time, is always wrong, I only have to search the Internet, also say, really found, so I dont understand I check the bus route on the Internet before can not find to take a few road cars to the things found on the map, since it seems to all the two methods to try out.

Though we havent gone to the Grand Canyon of the eastern overseas Chinese town, I believe we will have fun for this schedule. As the saying goes, "opportunity is for those who are prepared."

时光的老人又一次送来了五月，迎来了又一个“五四”青年节。在享受祥和、安宁的幸福生活之时，我不禁想起了那些曾经为中华民族的民主、科学、独立而抛头颅、洒热血的青年们，是他们，在民族遭受屈辱的时刻挺身而出，以力挽狂澜之势救黎民于苦难；是他们，以燃烧的激情和鲜血凝聚成精神的火炬，点燃了未来。这种青春是多么的绚丽夺目呀，这种使命感是多么的震撼人心啊!

Time and again sent the elderly May, and ushered in a "five four" youth day. In the enjoyment of peace, tranquility in the happiness of life, I can not help but think of those who had the Chinese nation‘s democracy, scientific, independent and shed, shed blood of young people, they are, in the national humiliation time step forward bravely, to turn back the powers of darkness Lebanon‘s potential to save the suffering; they, condensed with burning passion and blood into the spirit of the torch, ignited the future. This is how the brilliant young dazzling ah, this mission is very excite people‘s mind!

今天，我们这一代有幸生活在改革开放的大好时代，有幸站立在世纪和千年交汇点上，我们是幸运者。但是，面对新世纪，让我们回顾"五四"精神,认真地思索着,自己应该拥有一个怎样的青春,怎样的人生呢？

Today, we honor of this generation of young people living in the great era of reform and opening up, had the honor of standing at the meeting point of century and millennium, we are fortunate. However, facing the new century, let us review "five four" spirit, thought seriously about, they should have a kind of youth, what k

[关于青年节的英语作文及翻译

一、形成性评价的概念

形成性评价(Formative Assessment)是美国评价学专家斯克里芬在1967年在其所著的《评论方法论》里提出来的。所谓的形成性评价是相对于传统的终结性评价(Summative Assessment)而言的，指的是对学生日常学习过程中的表现、所取得的成绩及所反映出来的情感、态度和策略方面的发展做出的评价，这种评价是通过对学生学习的整个过程持续观察、记录和反思之后得出来的。

形成性评价的目的是为了激励学生学习，帮助学生调控自己的学习过程。让学生获得成就感，增强其自信心和团结合作精神，让学生从被动接受评价变成一个评价的主体和积极参与者。形成性评价能够帮助教师了解学生的学习情况，从而制定下一步的教学计划。与终结性评价相比，形成性评价不只以考试成绩来衡量学生的学习情况，它更加灵活方便，也更加科学有效。形成性评价注重对学生学习行为和表现的评估，能够有效发挥学生的主动性和创造性，有利于培养学生的学习兴趣，也能够有效提高学生的自信心。

在英语口语教学中运用形成性评价，能够让学生在课堂中互相评价，增强学生参与课堂教学的积极性，在提高英语口语能力的同时体会到成功的快乐，形成一个教师与学生、学生与学生之间良好互动的课堂。形成性评价注重开发学生的创新能力和思考能力，而要培养这些能力就必须依靠坚持不懈的学习和运用来完成。

二、形成性评价的方法与工具

首先，一般而言，形成性评价的方法大致分为：自我评价、同伴互评和教师评价。

自我评价是指学生在学习的过程中就自己学习进程中的某个阶段性成果的总结和评价。自我评价是形成性评价中尤为重要的评价方法，只有通过自我评价才能尽力发挥其的主观能动性，积极主动地参与课堂教学活动。只有主观积极地参与课堂，就自己不同阶段的水平，才能更好地定位自己进一步的目标，并在课程初期、中期及末期分别给予自己相对客观中肯的评价，以促进下一阶段的学习。

同伴互评是指在课堂活动中，就某一活动进行同学之间的评价，评价包括学习态度、学习能力及学习方法的评价。在同伴互评的过程中，学生们可以相互探讨学习方法、交流学习心得、提出改进的建议和意见。同伴之间相互比较、竞争，相互取长补短，既增强了合作精神又促进了学习能力和学习效率的提升。同伴互评作为形成性评价重要的方法之一，其评价形式既增强了课堂的趣味性又增强了学生的学习自信心和学习热情。

课堂学习的主体是学生，但是学习评价的主体却是教师。形成性评价侧重过程教育，在教学过程中，根据需要调整教学计划和内容，该评价尤其重视学生与教师在课堂的共同参与度，而非教师“一言堂”。首先，教师在教学过程中设定好学生自我评价与同伴评价的量化标准，列好学生自我评价和同伴评价的核查表；其次，学生根据核查表才可有的放矢，对照核查表所列的内容一一检查，每节课后，客观公正地给予自己和他人中肯的评价；最后，结合学生自我评价和同伴评价的反馈结果，教师针对学生课堂上的表现，纵向对比某一特定学生评价前后的差异，或者横向比较某一特定组别在同一活动中每位学生各项指标的完成情况，同时，以多种形式反馈给学生并提出整改意见。因而，在教学的不同阶段，根据学生的能力发展状况，教师可适时调整评价方式，不断改进教学方法和教学手段。

只有将自我评价、同伴评价与教师评价结合在一起评价方式才能保证较好的教学效果，才能促进教育改革的进一步深化，真正达到以素质教育培养复合型人才的终极目标。

其次，形成性评价的行为评估工具有课堂观察、学生档案、座谈、问卷调查、访谈和对话周记等。如何运用以及怎样运用这些评价工具要根据所授课程、课程目标和授课对象等诸多因素做适当调整。

课堂观察是教学行为和技巧的基本方式。根据Genesee and Upshur(2001:79)的观点，教师在观察的基础上，可以评估学生已掌握和未掌握的内容。换言之，教师应该评估促进或阻碍学生学习的策略。与此同时，教师还可评估一些特定的教学策略的有效性，确定学生们欣赏哪些课堂活动和形式。课堂观察有助于教师更好地了解课程设计和学生需求的契合度。通过正式或非正式的观察，教师可掌握大多数学生对于教学安排的可接受程度，根据学生的需求改进或调整教学安排等，以提升教学效果。

“questionnaires and interviews can all be thought of as conversations between students and teachers”（Genesee and Upshur，2001:136）。如上所述，问卷调查和访谈都可被看作教师和学生间的对话，访谈和问卷调查是相似的，但决定使用访谈或者问卷调查可依据不同的教学目的。无论是哪种方式，都是老师和学生之间相对正式的会谈，这非常有利于老师对他的教学效果进行评估,诊断学生在英语学习遇到的困难，为学生寻找合适的解决问题,获得良好的学习策略和学习得到更多的进步。访谈和问卷调查设计应该根据学生的个人需求并符合教学目标。

对话周记作为教师和学生沟通的另一种方式，深受学生的喜爱。因课程设置和班级规模的不同，课堂观察、问卷调查及访谈都相对比较片面，而对话周记则可以关注到每个学生的不同需求。师生间定期通信，既增加了教师和学生之间的相互了解，增强彼此的信任，又能解决学生的个案问题，做到因材施教；同时，为了促进“教学相长”，学生可及时反馈教师的课堂教学，对于教师的教学提出较好的建议和意见。

学生档案是一个综合各项评估功能于一体的评估工具。它可以记录学生的成长、课堂变化且兼顾多种需要。如今，众多评价工具只把学生作为评价的对象，而评估的责任和任务的则落到了教师身上。但事实上，几乎没有一种评价工具能很好地管理学生活动并对其课堂行为负责。相比之下, 建立学生档案，需要学生亲力亲为；本着自我负责的原则，他们要更好地自我监督和控制，同时，在建档案的过程中，学生可以见证自己的进步与成长，增强学习的自信，提高学习的效果。

三、形成性评价对于英语口语教学的重要性与紧迫性

众所周知,教育评估在大学英语课程改革中扮演着相当重要的角色。英语教学的重点已从传播知识转移到培养能力。多年来，在中国，人们只注重英语写作和阅读的能力的提升，而一直忽视英语口语交际能力。多年来，教学评价已经被狭义理解为量化教学，而后进一步局限于教学测试。考试作为教学的终极目的，期末考试的成绩也就成为教师评价学生的最重要的依据。而对于口语课堂，单一的这种评估方式和依据增加了大多数学生的心理压力和少部分学生侥幸心理。考试成绩给学生很大压力，危害学生的发展，评估过程中，学生一直被动地参与，无法调动其积极性。当课程结束时，教师将得不到及时准确的学生反馈，无法改善评估方法以助于提高学生的英语口语能力。

“形成性评价源于诊断性测试。与终结性评价相比，形成性评价通过教学过程中多方面的评价发现问题，解决问题，强调过程性、目标性和学生学习的主动性。” (魏薇，2005) 鉴于终结性评价在口语测试评分中的片面性和主观性，大学英语口语表达能力的培养还是受到了这种终结性评价的制约。在大学英语口语教学中，形成性评价最重要的任务的是帮助教师监控学生英语口语的学习过程，提高学生的英语口语学习。如能将形成性评价的理论引入大学英语口语课堂教学与测试中，建立大学英语口语课程与形成性评价相结合的评估模式，则会推动大学英语口语教学和测试的改革进程。

鉴于口语课堂的特点，为了克服传统终结性评价对于口语课堂的制约性，形成性评价与大学英语口语教学相结合有其不可忽视的重要性和紧迫性。

首先，由于口语表达能力除了包含最基本的发音、词汇、语法能力还有语用能力、文化知识储备力等多项复杂的技能，而所有的这些技能无法在某一次测试中完全体现出来。因口语学习的最终目的是运用到相关学科、为了更好地促进国际交流。

而形成性评价尤其注重过程教学，这种评价将教学过程分成了诸多阶段，学生可在每个不同的阶段就自己的学习态度、发音、语言运用的准确性、流利程度以及课堂活动参与的积极性进行横向的同学互评和纵向的自我比较。一方面，横向比较可以找到彼此间的差距，互相帮助已达到各方面的提升；另一方面，学生可在整理学习档案的过程中，纵向比较自己前后阶段的学习情况，时刻了解自己在每个阶段的学习状况，在教师和同学的辅助下，运用不同的学习方法和策略，逐项提高自己的口语能力。 另外，教师在学生进行评价的过程中，可真实地参与并记录学生在各方面的真实水平。

其次，口语课堂实际上是教师与学生、学生与学生之间的互动交际。教师需要花费大量的时间设计口语活动、鼓励学生参与活动、监控课堂活动、诊断学生的需求和问题、记录学生的表现等。学生则在各种学习任务和活动中不断地练习、发现问题、纠正偏差。

与传统的终结性评价不同，形成性评价的最显著特征是评价的主体是学生，学生和教师共同参与课堂，缺一不可。根据多数学生的关注点，学生参与确定研究目标、评分标准和英语口语的性能评估。因而，他们了解每一项活动的任务和目标，他们可合理运用各种评价方式和工具，课前认真准备，课堂上积极参与，能与教师积极互动，课堂上客观地评价自己、同伴和教师。这不仅是一种评价过程，更是学生回归自我认同感的方式。学生增加了学习自信，在评价过程中不断积累经验，逐步获得学习成就感。教师亦可在与学生互动的过程中，更好地了解学生的知识掌握和课堂反馈情况，根据反馈适时调整教学方法。如此良性循环，既增强了课堂的趣味性又提高了学生的学习效率。

四、结语

形成性评价，作为正常教学和学习过程的有机部分，可以全面、客观、科学、准确地提供与其学习目标相关的重要信息，它有助于促进学生的个性化发展和外语教学质量的根本性提高。形成性评价其中的一个重要作用是培养学生良好的英语学习习惯。将英语形成性评价与口语教学紧密地结合在一起，能提高学生学习的兴趣并及时、准确、客观地反映学生的真实水平，使学生的英语口语能力稳步提高。通过采用具体的形成性评价方式，发展学生的自我评价与学生间相互评价的能力，以促进学生的自我反思与自我管理能力。从而提高学生自主学习意识与自主学习能力，并为他们养成终身学习的意识与习惯打下基础。

Dear Maria,

Im very happy that you are interested in Chinese culture,especially the festivals.Now let me tell you something about the Dragon Boat Festival.The Dragon Boat Festival,also called the Duanwu Festival ,is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth month according to the Chinese calendar.People always eat rice dumplings and watch dragon boat races to celebrate it.

The festival is best known for its dragon-boat races,especially in the southern places where there are many rivers and lakes. It’s very popular.

The rice dumpling is made of glutinous rice,meat and so on. You can eat different kinds of rice dumplings.They are very delicious.

And Dragon Boat Festival is for Qu Yuan. He is an honest minister who is said to have committed suicide by drowning himself in a river.

Overall, the Dragon Boat Festival is very interesting!

Your friend

Li Hua