英语论文摘要格式规范标准通用20篇

The Culture of China is home to one of the worlds oldest and most complex

civilizations. China boasts a history rich in over 5,000 years of artistic,

philosophical, political, and scientific advancement. Though regional

differences provide a sense of diversity, commonalities in language and religion

connect a culture distinguished by such significant contributions such as

Confucianism and Taoism. Confucianism was the official philosophy throughout

most of Imperial Chinas history and strongly influenced other countries in East

Asia. Mastery of Confucian texts provided the primary criterion for entry into

the imperial bureaucracy.

With the rise of Western economic and military power beginning in the

mid-19th century, Western systems of social and political organization gained

adherents in China. Some of these would-be reformers rejected Chinas cultural

legacy, while others sought to combine the strengths of Chinese and Western

cultures.

China is a unified nation consisting of many different ethnic groups.

Fifty-six different ethnic groups make up the great Chinese national family.

Because the Han people accounts for more than ninety percent of Chinas

population, the remaining fifty-five groups are generally referred to as "ethnic

minorities." Next to the majority Han, the Mongolian, Hui, Tibetan, and Uygur

peoples comprise the largest ethnic groups. Although Chinas ethnic minorities

do not account for a large portion of the population, they are distributed over

a vast area, residing in every corner of China.

Particularly since the implementation of Chinas opening and reform policy,

the central government has increased investment in minority areas and

accelerated their opening to the outside world. This has resulted in an upsurge

of economic development in these areas. Each of Chinas ethnic minority groups

possesses a distinctive culture. The Chinese government respects minority

customs, and works to preserve, study, and collate the cultural artifacts of

Chinas ethnic minority groups. The government vigorously supports the

development of minority culture and the training of minority cultural workers,

and fosters the development of traditional minority medicine.

The relation among Chinas ethnic groups can be described as "overall

integration, local concentration, mutual interaction." Concentrations of ethnic

minorities reside within predominantly Han areas, and the Han people also reside

in minority areas, indicating that there has been extensive exchanges among

Chinas ethnic groups since ancient times. With the development of the market

economy, interaction among ethnic groups has become even more active in the

areas of government, economics, culture, daily life, and marriage. Linked by

interdependence, mutual assistance, and joint development, their common goals

and interests creating a deep sense of solidarity, Chinas ethnic groups

resemble a great national family, together building Chinese civilization.

实现有效的沟通，建立良好的人际关系，不仅仅要善于言表，更要学会倾听。请你根据下表中所带给的信息，写一篇题为 “Being a Good Listener” 的英文演讲稿。

注意：

1、对所给要点，逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。

2、词数150左右。开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。

3、演讲稿中不得提及考生所在学校及本人姓名。

Good afternoon， everyone。

The topic of my speech today is “Being a Good Listener”。

Good listening can always show respect， promote understanding， and improve interpersonal relationship。

Many people suggest that parents should listen more to their children， so they will understand them better， and find it easy to narrow the generation gap; teachers should listen more to their students， then they can meet their needs better， and place themselves in a good relationship with their students; students should listen more to their classmates， thus they will help and learn from each other， and a friendship is likely to be formed。

What I want to stress is that each of us should listen to others。 Show your respect and never stop others till they finish their talk; show you are interested by a supportive silence or a knowing smile; be open-minded to different opinions even though you don’t like them。 In a word， good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other。

Thank you for your listening!

Mid-autumn day is a special festival in China, which is one of the traditional Chinese festivals. It falls on the 15th day of Augustlunar month every year. Our Chinese will celebrate it on that day. I think there are not too many people can reject the temptation of it. I like this festival very much. I have two reasons.

First of all, Mid-autumn has the deep meaning of reunion. In China, people regard Mid-autumn day as very important, so no matter where they are, they will come back to their family if there is a chance. They don’t like celebrate this festival outside, which will make them feel lonely. Thus, they will go home by all means. Luckily, the government also pays great attention to this traditional festival. There are laws tomake sure people have holidays on that special day. In the other word, mid-autumn festival gives a chance for family get together.

Secondly, every family will prepare a big meal on that day. All the food is delicious. It is good to have a big meal. I think nobody will not interested in delicious food. The mooncake is a necessary decoration forMid-autumn day. It tastes good, too. It is the tradition for a long time. How pleased to enjoy the glorious full moon with mooncake!

This is why I love Mid-autumn festival so much.

Notes：

dear dick,

i am very glad to hear from you. you asked me about the change of school education in china. we are really happy about the changes called on to reduce learning load. before i had to study six days a week and i always went to bed after 11:30. i seldom had free time to do what i like. but now i have more spare time. i can read many interesting books, watch tv or even do some sports. and i never feel tired in the class as before, because i go bed at 10:00. all of my classmates are happy about this new arrangement of things.

Many animals are in danger of dying out. As is shown in the chart, we can

see the number of animal species decreases faster and faster and this trend will

continue. From 1980 to 2010, at least 1 million animal species have disappeared.

Worse still, more and more wild animals are in great danger. It is not a piece

of sensational news; it is a fact, a harsh reality. Unfortunately, we may not

see these animals in the near future.

From the second picture, we can find some reasons. Why is the number of

animal species declining year by year? Apparently animals have become victims of

fashion industry. Animal skin has been used to make fashionable clothes and

these clothes sell at a high price. So some greedy people begin to kill animals

in a large quantity. This irresponsible behavior not only breaks the balance of

nature but also endangers the living environment of human beings.

As far as I am concerned, something must be done to stop this illegal

action. We believe "no buying, no killing". First, we must make concerning laws

to protect these animals in danger. Second, we must take some measures to

protect animals effectively. Animals are our friends and part of our

environment. Third, we should raise peoples awareness to protect animals and

our environment. In this way, we can build a harmonious society and ensure a

sustainable development.

The Spring Festival, the most jubilant and important festival in China, is

observed by most Chinese people at home and abroad. Our hometown is not an

exception.

Similar with other places in china, we prepare for the festival about half

a month before. With the lunar New Year approaching, the red lanterns are hung

up along the main streets, making the ancient town filled with the festival

atmosphere. While people clean up their houses, decorate it with traditional

decorations such as Chinese knots and paper cutting. Each family pastes up

Spring Festival couplets to convey their best wishes for the coming year.

With the rapid development of our society, more and more people are fond of

online shopping for its convenience. Online shopping has been a heated fashion.

But different people have different views on this point. After all, every coin

has two sides.

Online shopping has advantages as well as disadvantages. Firstly, nowadays,

the Internet has become a must. As convenient as it is, people depend on online

shopping as it caters for those who are busy with work or other things. And it

can help us save much money, which is cheaper than what we buy in the physical

store. What’s more, it contributes the Internet to the further development.

However, it is also a risk of online shopping as we pay the bill online by

our credit cards, we may be cheated by the dishonest shoppers. Sometimes the

quality of what we buy online is much worse than we could imagine.

In my opinion, when we are shopping online, we should keep wise to prevent

us from treating. And we’ll find that online shopping has advantages over

disadvantages.

In high school, Chinese students study very hard to fight for the future

college, while in western countries, students are spending time in taking all

kinds of activities. Though students from different countries have different

ways to spend high school time, they make the decision and take charge of their

life. This is the best age to learn knowledge, their brain can remember words

and numbers quickly. For making friends, they will probably meet their lifetime

friends. During three years, besides gaining knowledge and making friends, they

grow so fast, not only in body, but also in mind. Being independent is the main

feature. They can make a lot of decisions without asking parents for help. When

they are equipped themselves with basic skill, then they can better get used to

the new environment, which is important for future life.

I did very bad in the mid-term exams two weeks ago. After that, my life

seemed to be so dark and hard. My parents felt disappointed to me, and they

always told me to study during my free time. I couldnt watch TV for more than

half an hour and I couldnt search the Internet or play games. Besides, I feel

depressed and I almost lost my heart. But yesterday, my friend came to see me.

She knew I was not happy. She encouaged me that nothing is impossible. If I

could try hard from now on, I would do good in my study. Where there is a will,

there is a way. Only confidence and hardwork can pull me out from failure. If I

want to be good as before, I have to let this failure go and restart again.

Youth has been praised by many people. They believe that it is the most

precious time of ones lifetime, because youth stands for young age and energy.

So we should cherish youth and do whatever we like. In my opinion, when we are

young, the first thing we need to do is to fight for our future. So we spend a

lot of time studying and gain much knowledge. The store of knowledge helps us

solve all kinds of problems. When we have enough ability, we are no longer

afraid of meeting difficulties. The second thing we need to do is to broaden our

vision. As we are young and full of energy, it is the best time to see more

scenery. Dont wait for retirement to explore the world. What we see will make

us mature and stronger. Lets enjoy the beautiful youth.

I Play Guitar

I like playing guitar,so my father buys me a guitar for fun.It is very funny.Then my mother asks me to have guitar class.She thinks to learn more skill

is good for me.I start to have guitar class.It is really funny at first.But later on,I feel very tired.It is not easy to get improved.I want to giveup,but I insist at last.Now I can pay several songs.I feel proud of it.

我弹吉他

我喜欢弹吉他,所以我爸爸给我买一把吉他的乐趣。这是非常有趣的。然后我妈妈问我有吉他课。她认为学习更多的技能对我有好处。我开始上吉他课。这是非常有趣的。但是后来,我感觉非常疲劳。不容易得到改善。我想给最后,但我坚持。现在我可以支付一些歌曲。我感到自豪。

(1)摘要中应排除本学科领域已成为常识的内容;切忌把应在引言中出现的内容写入摘要;一般也不要对论文内容作诠释和评论(尤其是自我评价)。

(2)用简单而直接的句子。避免使用成语、俗语或不必要的技术性用语。

(3)删除无意义的或不必要的字眼。但也不要矫枉过正，将应有的字眼过份删除，如在英文中不应删除必要的冠词如a an the等。

(4)尽量少用缩写字。在英文的情况较多，量度单位则应使用标准化者。特殊缩写字使用时应另外加以定义。

(5)不要将在文章中未提过的数据放在摘要中。

(6)不要置放图或表于摘要之中，尽量采用文字叙述。

Trees are very useful to people. They provide us with wood and other

products. They give us shade and they help to prevent drought and floods.

Unfortunately， in many parts of our country， people havent realized the

importance of trees. They cut them down at will. They are usually too lazy or

too careless to plant and look after new trees. As a result， the forests

continue to disappear.

Where there are no trees the rain falls on the surface， causing floods， and

carries away with the rich topsoil， in which crops grow so well. When all the

topsoil is gone， nothing remains but worthless deserted.

The big floods of 1998， in parts of China， have already taught us a good

lesson. So every one of us must love trees， protect forests， and keep on

planting trees each year.

I love reading, which enriches my knowledge and helps me know more about

the world. I love the school atmosphere. Students study together here and make

progress gradually. My favorite place here is library. I can read many books

here. Once I have some questions, I can find a lot of information. We fight for

the goal and plan details in the library in group task. I have so many good

memories to study here, which makes me so happy. No matter which school I am in,

I will always find this quiet corner and study what I like. I love the feelings

there.

Should students go on further study or find a job after leaving high

school?

Time spent in campus is not always treated with gracious look, but some

parents may choose other ways for the longevity of their childrens

post-high-school period, namely, find the adolescents a job, rather than sending

them to a college. I can find myself against this act for a thousand reasons,

amongst which we can figure some strongest ones as follows:

My first con against this behavior is that education is not just a benefit

but also ones rights. Without education , as Gorge Orwell had once said ,is to

be deprived of the most precious privilege in our time as a modern man. With

college education , youngsters can choose a better way of doing thing correctly

and more efficiently. The sharp contrast between those who have received well

education and those without is not just financially, but more vitally,

spiritually.

Admittedly, we can find cases of some one achieves without college

education, but these cases are famous only because they are rare. Those people

who succeed with a college degree are so many that this would seem to be a must

and a natural part of elites. The absence of university education is hard to

imagine in our days. The prospect of those juvenile workers or businessmen would

be even dimmer than ever before .For in our age, knowledge is not only the

power, but also the know-how to solving problems and gaining a much larger

fortune.

From this incident，we can see that there are still more things to be done。

Firstly，the government needs everything possible to ensure the quality of

products，particularly the safety of food as this concerns everyones

life.Secondly，as for the producers，it is very important for them to be morally

honest. They should never try to pursue profit or economic growth at the expense

of health and life of people. Thirdly，we consumers must attach importance to the

things we eat and develop an awareness of how to protect our legal rights if

cheated。 Only in this way will we be able to build a more secure and harmonious

society.

Healthy eating habits are very important for our health. We should build

healthy eating habits. We should eat fresh vegetables and fruits everyday.They

supply rich and the necessary vitamins for us. We also should eat less meat

everday.And we had better drink a glass of milk in the morning or at night.

Besides, we should focus on abalanced diet, which assures us the necessary

nutritions. Junk food is a fatal killer for our health so that we should stay

far from them. It is said that most of students do not eat anything at all in

the morning. It is very bad for our health. Breakfast is the most important meal

for people.

At the memory of my childhood, apart from outside the Chinese New Year

Dragon Boat Festival on a number of the most lively, and because parents are

busy job, a child usually with my grandmother to stay in the countryside

together. Dragon Boat Festival at that time to make me unforgettable.

With the usual, like the Chinese Lunar New Year, Dragon Boat Festival the

day before at night, so my grandmother will always obediently sat bedside, give

me some holiday rules, such as talking nonsense not to not allowed to eat cold

tzu not allowed with small partnership roughnot allowed to play in the water ...

... I have always been granted to his head. Grandma let me early, so that

tomorrow can have a good spirit.

Good morning, I got up early, get dressed on the first toward the kitchen,

when the grandmother has the kitchen to manage everything well, cooking up a few

bundles tied and Gui Gui leaf rope, the nothing glutinous rice lying quietly

filled a small bucket of water, like a pearl Jingying, cooking benches placed on

some of the small dishes, which containing various materials: there is peanuts,

there is red bean paste, there is meat, red pond.

So I sat eating breakfast table and watched busy grandmother.

The countryside are on both sides of the cooking, while used to boil water

while cooking to cooking and grandmother had already cleaned the duck Add big

pot, wooden ladle scoop from another pot of hot water a few dipper Add cauldron

of water, and then also carefully Add 1 tsp salt, and then Tim foci in a few

branches, it has been sitting next to me started to give my son a series

network.

Grandmother‘s hand because of the long-term labor has rough bark like a

general, but without losing dexterity, an envelope with red string woven into

the sub on.

At this point, the eggs are cooked, the grandmother picked up one of the

largest on the use of red paper red dye, and then do a clean cloth, into yard,

hanging on my neck. Then, my grandmother pocket containing seeds, candy,

peanuts, often very happy to me, because this way I can and small partners to

look at a dragon boat race.

Grandmother always put me to the gate, asked the want me to come back as

soon as possible to eat tzu. I always fell on the disappeared.

Small partners at this time are almost , and Sisters from the big head next

door, led us to the river this group watch dragon-boat race. Because of the

smaller rivers, so only two of the dragon boat, each boat has 13 individuals, 12

individuals paddle, one individual Ta and shouting slogans, One, Two, Hey Yo,

one, two, as soon as possible, 12 dark young man moves neatly划着, two dragon boat

sailed forward catch.

However, the children will know what look? We are only just a bustling Fig.

Girls in general saw a moment, we found that boring, and sat to one side from

snacks to share, boys, it is not, of their total enjoy chasing the dragon boat

race down the shore, because of the people paddling up the larger, almost every

boys who have significant traces of water splashing.

, and are perhaps a boat to the end of the bar, just things finished, stood

up, with partners go hand happily go home.

The sun is also slowly climbing the air, the kitchen has a bay leaf

fragrance, and I quickly jumped on the kitchen, the has been the major tzu. In

general, I would put that on the threshold sit tzu eat clean, and occasionally

there will be a few rice grains to eat chicken and watch the greedy big

cock-like, I was also amused ... ...

Today, even though over the Dragon Boat Festival, the mother every year

package tzu, made give my son, even though the mother‘s skill is not less than

the grandmother, but I always feel that what less.

I really miss the Dragon Boat Festival childhood ah!

Today, we have a health class. The main content is the harm of haze.

We watched a movie called "the harm of haze", which mainly explained how

terrible haze is.

Haze passed through our bodies, just like games. It comes to the blood

vessel first, let the partners block the blood vessel together, so our blood

pressure will rise; it also has a partner who is less than 0.5cm and has a knife

in both hands, and can directly pass through the blood vessel; it comes to the

internal organs, which are like a tree, and there is white fat like a giant,

which can directly eat the dirty things. However, we have iron ore in our body.

If we eat too much white fat, we will die. This is a blood station! So the

resistance of man has decreased. Its finally at the center - the heart, because

we just blocked your blood vessels, so your heart will cause myocardial

ischemia. "Tremble! Human beings! Im in every breath of yours, "cried haze.

Haze has a great influence on us. With haze, we cant play in the

playground, cant have physical education class, and we need to wear a little

annoying mask. Therefore, we should protect the environment and nature. As long

as you start little by little, you will be able to achieve the results you

want.

When it comes to online shopping, different people holds different ideas

towards it. Some people seem extremely enjoy the way of buying things online

because they feel online shopping is so convenient. Some just don’t believe that

they can buy good quality commodities from Internet. As far as I’m concerned, I

think online shopping creates lots of benefits to people.

Firstly, buying things online is a way of saving time. Compared with the

traditional way of shopping, we have no need to go out to pick up our favorite

goods from store to store. Just a click, we can have things in our shopping cart

and just wait for the goods to be delivered to us. To this extent, not only we

can save the time of finding things from store to store but we don’t need to

spend time on transportation. Thus, we can save lots of time to enjoy fun.

Secondly, buying things online can save our money. People buy commodities

by Internet not only because it saves us time, but also, we can save lots of

money. It is often seen that some people just go to the physical store to check

out the commodities they want to buy and then they would search for their

favorite commodities online and take the order. People do this just because they

know that online goods are usually cheaper than the goods displayed in shop

window because online shop have no need to pay the rent. So, people are more

inclined to buying things from online store.

Thirdly, convenience is the last but not least thing of shopping online.

Since we can buy things online, there is no need to go out to look for things we

want to buy. What we need to do is to simply sit before our computer, search for

things we want to buy, click our favorite thing and then pay our order by our

bank card. And then, you just need to wait for your goods to be delivered to

your home.

In conclusion, shopping online is a convenient, time-saving and money

saving way of buying things. Therefore, we can benefit a lot from shopping

online. That’s the reason of why shopping online has developed faster and faster

in recent years.

In current society,thanks to the deepening reform and opening-up,there is

so much unemployment, the competition for jobs is very fierce.In an effort to

land a decent job ,a host of school-leavers choose to attend the graduate

school‘s test.They want to learn more knowledge before acquiring a fine job.They

also can be confident in taking interviews.Consequently,attending the graduate

school‘s test is pevalent increasingly in late several years.

Among other folks intend to secure a job after graduating.Although the

competition for jobs is very fierce,it is also very difficult to find out a fine

job for colleage students.After a couple of years,the number of the graduate

students is sharply up-swing.It is same to face job problems for graduate

students.Secuing a job after graduating can accumulate experience in order to

get on well in the future.

In my eyes,the Middle kingdom enjoys a booming economy, a rising number of

companys from overseas come to built themselves factories.We are facing

opportunities and challenges.We might well choose to land a job after

graduating.Plus,we are still young,we can choose to attend the graduate school‘s

test after accumulating working experience.It will be wise for us to do

that.