my favorite teacher高中英语作文带翻译(最新20篇)

my daddy was not happy because he thought it was not good for my study.Sometimes I felt I was not a free boy when my daddy was so strict with me,so I tried to talk to my daddy,and he said he was happy because I talked to him,and now he let me play games if I study well.From this,I understand a friendly talk can help people get along well.

Dear Maria,

Im very happy that you are interested in Chinese culture,especially the festivals.Now let me tell you something about the Dragon Boat Festival.The Dragon Boat Festival,also called the Duanwu Festival ,is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth month according to the Chinese calendar.People always eat rice dumplings and watch dragon boat races to celebrate it.

The festival is best known for its dragon-boat races,especially in the southern places where there are many rivers and lakes. It’s very popular.

The rice dumpling is made of glutinous rice,meat and so on. You can eat different kinds of rice dumplings.They are very delicious.

And Dragon Boat Festival is for Qu Yuan. He is an honest minister who is said to have committed suicide by drowning himself in a river.

Overall, the Dragon Boat Festival is very interesting!

Your friend

Li Hua

July 21

I had a good time last weekend. On Sunday morning, I stayed at home and did my homework. The homework wasnt difficult. After that, I played volleyball with my friends. It was tired, but very exciting. In the afternoon, I cooked dinner for my parents. It was a little difficult, I think. After dinner, I went to swim in the river. I can swim very well. I had a relaxing weekend.

我有一个很好的时间上周末。星期天早上，我留在家里和我的家庭作业。作业并不困难。在此之后，我打排球我的朋友。这是很累，但非常兴奋。下午，我煮晚餐我的父母。这是一个什么困难，我想。晚餐后，我去游泳，在河里。我可以游得很好。我有一个轻松的周末。

[初二英语日记带翻译

Today, I did housework for grandmother. She is not very healthy and I

decide to do housework for her more frequently. And she will feel happy and

become better. Suddenly, an idea hit me that it’s terrible to grow old becuase

you have to worry about both your health and others’ opinions. Once again, I

make a decision to be a good girl.

今天，我帮助了奶奶做家务。奶奶的身体不好。我以后要常帮她做事。这样她就会高兴身体也会好一些。突然觉得，人老了真不好。不但身体不会好，而且一不小心就会惹得大家讨厌。我又做了一个决定，以后一定要做个乖孩子。

In a few days is the Dragon Boat Festival.

Do you have to know the Dragon Boat Festival? I know, in order to commemorate WuZiLian, his father was murdered by king chu, dig grave after he went to the kingdom of wu, chu got know sword he giveth him dead bodies into river, on May 5, the day the custom of Dragon Boat Festival is a family mo_a grass, pomegranate flowers, garlic, rowing.

Home is the holiday, we get up early in the morning, bath, wash a mo_a grass.

I most like the Dragon Boat Festival!

再过几天就是端午节了。

你知道端午节的有来吗?我知道，为了纪念伍子廉，他的父兄被楚王所杀，之后他去吴国挖墓，楚王知道了他赐剑死了他将尸体投入大江，这天5月5日端午节的习俗是个家插艾草，石榴花，蒜头，划龙舟。

我们家是这样过节的，一大早起床，洗一个艾草澡。

我最喜欢过端午节了!

Along with the time development accessing the net already turned the extremely universal matter. No matter is adult or the child so long as mentioning the computer all think of internet. But accessing the internet is advantageous but also has shortcoming.

I knew very many people access the net mainly is for playing games which is very bad for the study. Therefore some people believed the elementary and middle school students lack the self-control.

Butthere are many people approving to accessing internet why? Because internet can provide to the people very helps. First the network looks like a library we can look up very many materials easilyand it is quicker than the speed of consulting books; Next we may read a richer news on-line; In addition accessing the net also has other functions for example E-mail telephoning on the net and so on.

Actually accessing the net has its profit and the shortcoming place. We use it to open to expand the field of vision the study knowledge but must certainly grasp the discretion.随着时间的发展，接入网已经变成了极为普遍的问题。不管是大人还是孩子，只要一提电脑，都想到互联网。但是，上网是有利的，但也有缺点。

网络的好与坏高中英语作文 我知道很多人上网，主要是玩游戏，这对学习是很不好的。因此，有人认为，中小学生缺乏自我控制能力。

但是，有许多人赞成上网，为什么呢?因为互联网可以为人们提供很有帮助。首先，网络就像一个图书馆，我们可以看到很多材料很容易，而且比查阅书籍速度快;其次，我们可以读到更丰富的新闻在线;此外，上网还有其它作用，例如，电子邮件，网上通电话等等。

其实，上网有它的盈利和缺点的地方。我们用它来开阔视野，拓展视野，学习知识，但一定要把握自由裁量权。

I have a lovely little dog named Dion. He looks pretty with short legs, big ears and short tail. He is my good friend and he is also easy to take care of. I walk him at least twice a day, feed him and spend time with him. He also gives his love to me in return. He is always there to lick me and lie on me. I like playing with him. I think he can tell when I am happy, sad, angry or touble. Sometimes he can be noisy and run around the room.

In a word, he is not only my dog, but also my friend.

我有一个可爱的小狗戴恩命名。他看起来很短的腿，大耳朵和短尾巴。他是我的好朋友，他也很容易照顾。我送他一天至少两次，喂他，和他在一起。他也给了他对我的爱的回报。他总是在那里舔我躺在我。我喜欢和他玩。我认为他能告诉我开心时，悲伤，生气或烦恼。有时他会吵和运行在房间里。

总之，他不仅是我的狗，而且是我的朋友。

[动物园的三年级英语作文带翻译

Yesterday, my parents were not home. And I had to stay at home by myself for one day and one night. I was very happy at first, because there wouldnt be anyone criticizes my behavior. I can do whatever I want. But later I felt desperate. There was nobody cook for me, asked me to do things or criticized me. I felt empty and desperate as the house is only me. When the night fell, I was afraid. The computer games or the cartoons couldn’t attract my attention. I hate living alone.

昨天，我的父母不在家。我得自己一个人呆上一天一夜。我一开始很开心，因为没人会批评我的行为了。我可以做任何我想做的事。但后来我感到很郁闷。没人给我做饭，没人叫我做事情也没有人批评我。整个房子只有我一个人，我感到很空虚和郁闷。当夜幕降临的时候，我就开始很害怕了。电脑游戏或动画片都无法吸引我的注意。我讨厌一个人生活。

篇一：

The ancient said the world is a book and those who do not travel read only one page. I like travel, because travel not only allows me to enjoy the great rivers and mountains of the motherland, but also brings me knowledge and exercise. Beautiful sceneries make me impressed and friendly people make me warm. Travel is a process of discovery of beauty that would company my whole life. I like the feeling on the road, which greatly enrich my life and fields of vision. Being to different places, seeing different views makes me know how big the world is, so that I won’t bother my trifles. I think a broad mind is extremely important to a person, and traveling is a good way to get it. Maybe some people would say that I travel just because I want to relax. There’s no doubt about that. No matter for what reason, traveling is attractive to us all.

古人云：读万卷书，不如行万里路。我喜欢旅行，旅行不仅让我饱览祖国的大好河山，而且在学到知识的同时还锻炼了自己。美丽的风景让我印象深刻，有好的人们也让我倍感温暖。旅行就是一个发现美的过程，这种美的感受将会陪伴我的终生。我喜欢在路上的感觉，这极大的丰富了我的生活和视野。到不同的地方，看不同的风景会让我知道世界之大，从而不会被琐事叨扰。我认为开阔的胸襟对一个人来说尤为重要，而旅行是开阔胸襟的一个好方式。也许有的人会说，我之所以去旅行，只是因为想得到放松，这是毫无疑问的。不管出于什么原因，旅行总是充满诱惑。

篇二：

As for this essay, I want the person who likes travel to read. And, I also want the person who yearns to the solitary journey to read.

I like travel very much. I often go to travel. It meets a lot of people when traveling. It can touch not only the person but also the region. Therefore, it comes to want to go even times how many.

I was traveling and all the people met had a very warm mind. It was very kind. There is a person who taught variety of land, too. I do not think meeting with two another degrees in the person. However, I do not think that I forget. Because, The reason is that there are a lot of very good memories.

Therefore, travel is not stopped. It went to not only the country but also foreign countries. The communication of the intention can have been done with the person in the country though the word did not run well. However, I thought that the handicap of the word was large. I thought it was good if the word could be understood more many times. Therefore, I think that I should study the language study more. It can meet the one different according to the land when traveling. The tourist spot is, and there is a lot of one not so either. There are a lot of very good points of the place taught to the person in local. Therefore, it is always made to speak. I have not traveled still alone. I want to go out to travel alone sometimes. How about you? Traveling with someone is also good. However, I yearn to the solitary journey very much. It is not, and yearns for the destination to free travel. I want to go out to unrestrained travel some time.

Finally, I yearn to the solitary journey. However, I do not hate tour travel. I think that there is a merit also in the tour. I think that traveling with the person who does not know also has the enjoyment. However, I like independent tour more. Which do you like?

篇三：

The ancient said the world is a book and those who do not travel read only one page. I like travel, because travel not only allows me to enjoy the great rivers and mountains of the motherland, but also brings me knowledge and exercise. Beautiful sceneries make me impressed and friendly people make me warm. Travel is a process of discovery of beauty that would company my whole life. I like the feeling on the road, which greatly enrich my life and fields of vision. Being to different places, seeing different views makes me know how big the world is, so that I won’t bother my trifles. I think a broad mind is extremely important to a person, and traveling is a good way to get it. Maybe some people would say that I travel just because I want to relax. There’s no doubt about that. No matter for what reason, traveling is attractive to us all.

[我喜欢旅行英语高中作文

1、审题：审题是做到切题的第一步。所谓审题就是要看清题意，确定文章的中心思想、主题，并围绕中心思想组织材料。

2、进行构思，列出简单的提纲，打造文章之骨架：审好题、立好意后，就要写提纲，打造文章的骨架。文章布局要做好几件事：安排好层次段落，铺设好过渡，处理好开头和结尾。

3、扩展成文：根据字数多少扩展成篇。扩展的内容一定要紧扣主题，千万不要写那些与主题不相关的内容。展开的方式包括：顺序法、举例法、比较法、对比法、说明法、因果法、推导法、归纳法和下定义等。可以根据需要任选一种或几种方式。

在这一步骤中还需注意三方面问题：

1、确保提纲中段落结构的思路与各段主题句的一致性。只有这样，才能保证所写段落不偏题、不跑题。

2、要综合考虑各个段落的内容安排，避免段落内容的交叉。

3、用好连接词，注意段落间、句子间的连贯性。要做到所写文章层次分明，思路清晰，文字连贯，就需要在句与句之间、段与段之间架起一座座桥梁，而连接词起的正是桥梁作用。

在扩展的过程中也有些窍门，以下几点可供参考：

1、在整篇文章中，避免只是用一两个句式或重复用同一词语。英语中存在着极为丰富的同义词，准确地使用同义词可以给读者清新的感觉。同时要灵活运用各种句式，如倒装句、强调句、省略句、主从复合句、对比句、分词短语、介词短语等，从而增加文章的可读性。

2、使用不同长度的句子。如果一个意思用一句话写不清楚的话，通过分句和合句或用两句、三句来表达，增强句子的连贯性和表现力。

3、改变句子的开头方式，不要总是以主、谓、宾、状的次序。可以把状语至于句首，或用分词等。

4、学会使用过渡词。递进furthermore，moreover，besides，in addition，then，etc ;转折however，but，nevertheless，afterwards，etc ;总结finally，at last，in brief，to conclude，etc ;强调really，indeed，certainly，surely，above a11，etc ;对比in the same way，just as，on the other hand，etc。

5、确定文章用第几人称写，基本时态是什么。使用人称时人物不能张冠李戴或指代不明。时态要尽量保持一致。

检查修改：要检查复核，不要写完了事。

要留时间通读全文，修改可能出现的错误。检查上下文是否连贯，句子衔接是否自然流畅。检验的标准主要是句子是否通畅，该用连词的地方用了没有，所用的连词是否合适，是否有语法错误，主谓是否一致，动词的时态、语态、语气的使用是否正确，词组的搭配是否合乎习惯，是否有大小写、拼写、标点错误等，还有就是注意卷面整洁。

可归纳为：中心突出，主题明确;层次清楚，条理清晰;表达

Holiday nearly comes to the ead now. I am very happy because I have already

finished my homework. I also helped my mother with some housework this summer

holiday. I believe I have grown up now and should know what I should be in the

future. I will try harder to study well and be a good person.

假期很快过去了。我很开心因为我已经做完作业了。我还帮妈妈所了家务。我想我已经长大了，应该长大将来要做什么。我要更努力学习，将来做个好人。

st important role in the environmental protection today.

In my opinion, to protect environment, the government must take even more concrete measures. First, it should let people fully realize the importance of environmental protection through education. Second, much more efforts should be made to put the population planning policy into practice, because more people means more people means more pollution. Finally, those who destroy the environment intentionally should be severely punished. We should let them know that destroying environment means destroying mankind themselves.

new year party

on new year‘s eve，our class had a party. the atmosphere was good. it was out of the ordinary from the very begining. the boy student from one bedroom gave an unusual performance. we saw a boy named li xinmin turn off all the lights in a sudden snap. then with three resounding（响亮的） crow of a cock echoing in the hall，the hall was again brightly lit in a snap.

then，the representative of the bedroom zhu guozhang asked us to guess a line of a poem related to the above situation. he added that li xinmin alone was born in the year of the dog and the other three were all born in the year of the chicken. they left us all in confusion. and it was our monitor who was quickwitted（机智的）。 he shouted our， “the day breaks as the cock crows three times at dawn.” the hall after that，they had another item. this time li xinmin was placed in the middle of the circle. while he was standing there，the other three stood around him，each bowing down to him at an angle of 120 degrees. it was an idiom. this time i got it right：“the dog stands out among a group of chickens.”

在除夕，我们班有一个聚会。气氛好。它是寻常从一开始。从一间卧室男生给一个不寻常的表现。我们看到名为李新民在突然关闭所有的灯单元一个男孩。然后用三个响亮的（响亮的）的回荡在大厅里鸡叫，大厅明亮又在瞬间点燃。

然后，卧室的朱国章代表要求我们猜测了有关上述情况的诗。他补充说，李新民单是出生在狗年，其他三个都在鸡年出生的。他们给我们留下了所有的混乱。它是我们的班长谁是quickwitted（机智的）。他喊我们，“天休息的鸡叫三在黎明倍。“大厅之后，他们还有另外一个项目。这一次李新民被放置在圆的中间。当他站在那里，其他三个人围着他站着，低头在每一个120度的角度下去见他。这是一个成语。这一次我得到了它的权利：“。狗中脱颖而出的鸡群！“

good morning, my admirable professors and my dear fellows. it’s my great honor to be here to introduce myself to all of you. my name is xing heng and i’m in my eighteen years old. i come fromxiamen, which is a famous and beautiful city. i strongly suggest you visiting there and i can be your guide if it’s convenient. after three years’ hard work, i am so excited that i am finally enrolled by my dreaming school,sichuanuniversityand be one of you. i am outgoing and i have many interests, such as playing basketball, football, and swimming, but i am only good at basketball.

i hope we can always play together in the next four years. computer science and technology is my favorite subject and i am sure that it’s also a promising area in the future, with the great development of computer science and our society. i am glad to be a classmate of you and i hope we can study and make progress together in the future. i greatly expect my life to be with you in the coming four years.

It is important to know our good and bad points because this knowledge will

help us to improve ourself. We should examine ourselves and learn who we

are.

对于我们来说，正确地认识自身的优缺点是很重要的，因为这个认识有助于我们自身的提高。我们应该检查自己并学着(认识)我们是谁。

Above all, we should recognize our strengths and weaknesses. For example, I

am healthy and fit, so I can work hard. Im also optimistic, humble and polite.

These are my strengths. However, I also have weaknesses. For one thing, Im

stubborn and a little impatient. Im sometimes lazy as well and can spent a

whole day just watching TV and eating junk food. Im not ashamed to admit these

bad pints. Knowing what they are lets me focus on improving myself.

首先，我们应该认识自己的优点和缺点。举个例子来说，我是个身体健康的人，所以我可以很努力的工作。我也是一个乐观、谦逊和有礼貌的人。这些是我的优点。可是，我也有缺点。首先，我是一个倔强和有点没有耐心的人。有时候我也很懒惰的，(我)可以花整天的时间看电视和吃垃圾食品。我没有对允许这些缺点(出现)而感到羞愧。了解这些优缺点使我(的注意力)聚焦在提高自身方面。

My study plan put my winter holiday is full of. I plan to put all the homework before the holiday are swept away, after the Chinese New Year in the top volume with three days to review your knowledge of our sage Confucius said, "consider"! The rest of the will to prepare book1&book 2 new knowledge, or else how can have a foothold in the superior competitive school? I write my these learning plan on a piece of paper, posted on my study desk, make it a little paper play a bigger role, it can play the role of a reminder to urge.

Saying and doing are two different things, in my winter vacation plan is really reflect incisively and vividly! Every day I wait for the sun to be basked in elder sister to the quilt to get up in the morning, all day in the hands of the pen to write, the temptation of television and computer, always to prohibit on learning table winter holiday schedule become worthless. My homework to the annual month to complete, the review plans to use five days, your plan is to complete the ugly, mathematics preview only the teacher must make the preview of the first two units, other disciplines in almost flat. My poor self-control and efficiency!

The 15-Day Celebration of Chinese New Year

The first day of the Lunar New Year is the welcoming of the gods of the heavens and earth.Many people abstain from meat on the first day of the new year because it is believed that this will ensure long and happy lives for them.

On the second day, the Chinese pray to their ancestors as well as to all the gods. They are extra kind to dogs and feed them well as it is believed that the second day is the birthday of all dogs.

The third and fourth days are for the sons-in-laws to pay respect to their parents-in-law.

The fifth day is called Po Woo. On that day people stay home to welcome the God of Wealth. No one visits families and friends on the fifth day because it will bring both parties bad luck.

On the sixth to the 10th day, the Chinese visit their relatives and friends freely. They also visit the temples to pray for good fortune and health.

The seventh day of the New Year is the day for farmers to display their produce. These farmers make a drink from seven types of vegetables to celebrate the occasion. The seventh day is also considered the birthday of human beings. Noodles are eaten to promote longevity and raw fish for success.

On the eighth day the Fujian people have another family reunion dinner, and at midnight they pray to Tian Gong, the God of Heaven.

The ninth day is to make offerings to the Jade Emperor.

The 10th through the 12th are days that friends and relatives should be invited for dinner. After so much rich food, on the 13th day you should have simple rice congee and mustard greens (choi sum) to cleanse the system.

The 14th day should be for preparations to celebrate the Lantern Festival which is to be held on the 15th night.

[高中英语作文：元宵佳节

I went back home this weekend. I have stay at home for almost a month since the summer break began, I never thought stay at home was great when I was at home, but when I came back to home is the best place for me in the world.

The strong wind was gone, I feel so sad. The weather become hotter and hotter. I can’t bear the sun anymore. As far as I know the swimming pool in this university hasn’t done yet, that is so awful.

It is the hottest summer in the history of Hangzhou, the temperature stay above 30 degree centigrade every day. The summer becomes hotter and hotter every year, that would be very bad to the earth.

[高中生英语日记精选：I feel so sad

The Spring Festival,Chinese New Year,is the most important festival for all of us.All family members get together on New YearEve to have a big meal. At the same time,everyone celebrates to each other.At about 12 oclock,some parents and children light crackers.The whole sky is lighted brightly.We may watch the fireworks excitedly.How busy it is!

On the first early morning of one year,many senior citizen get up early and they stick the reversed Fu or hang some couplets on the front door.Some houses windows are sticked on red paper cuttings.The Chinese New Year lasts fifteen days.

So during the fifteen days,we always visit our relatives from door to door.At that time,children are the happiest because they can get many red packets form their parents,grandparents,uncles,aunts and so on.

The last day of the Chinese New Year is another festival.It names the Lantern Festival.So the Chinese New Year comes to the end

一、形成性评价的概念

形成性评价(Formative Assessment)是美国评价学专家斯克里芬在1967年在其所著的《评论方法论》里提出来的。所谓的形成性评价是相对于传统的终结性评价(Summative Assessment)而言的，指的是对学生日常学习过程中的表现、所取得的成绩及所反映出来的情感、态度和策略方面的发展做出的评价，这种评价是通过对学生学习的整个过程持续观察、记录和反思之后得出来的。

形成性评价的目的是为了激励学生学习，帮助学生调控自己的学习过程。让学生获得成就感，增强其自信心和团结合作精神，让学生从被动接受评价变成一个评价的主体和积极参与者。形成性评价能够帮助教师了解学生的学习情况，从而制定下一步的教学计划。与终结性评价相比，形成性评价不只以考试成绩来衡量学生的学习情况，它更加灵活方便，也更加科学有效。形成性评价注重对学生学习行为和表现的评估，能够有效发挥学生的主动性和创造性，有利于培养学生的学习兴趣，也能够有效提高学生的自信心。

在英语口语教学中运用形成性评价，能够让学生在课堂中互相评价，增强学生参与课堂教学的积极性，在提高英语口语能力的同时体会到成功的快乐，形成一个教师与学生、学生与学生之间良好互动的课堂。形成性评价注重开发学生的创新能力和思考能力，而要培养这些能力就必须依靠坚持不懈的学习和运用来完成。

二、形成性评价的方法与工具

首先，一般而言，形成性评价的方法大致分为：自我评价、同伴互评和教师评价。

自我评价是指学生在学习的过程中就自己学习进程中的某个阶段性成果的总结和评价。自我评价是形成性评价中尤为重要的评价方法，只有通过自我评价才能尽力发挥其的主观能动性，积极主动地参与课堂教学活动。只有主观积极地参与课堂，就自己不同阶段的水平，才能更好地定位自己进一步的目标，并在课程初期、中期及末期分别给予自己相对客观中肯的评价，以促进下一阶段的学习。

同伴互评是指在课堂活动中，就某一活动进行同学之间的评价，评价包括学习态度、学习能力及学习方法的评价。在同伴互评的过程中，学生们可以相互探讨学习方法、交流学习心得、提出改进的建议和意见。同伴之间相互比较、竞争，相互取长补短，既增强了合作精神又促进了学习能力和学习效率的提升。同伴互评作为形成性评价重要的方法之一，其评价形式既增强了课堂的趣味性又增强了学生的学习自信心和学习热情。

课堂学习的主体是学生，但是学习评价的主体却是教师。形成性评价侧重过程教育，在教学过程中，根据需要调整教学计划和内容，该评价尤其重视学生与教师在课堂的共同参与度，而非教师“一言堂”。首先，教师在教学过程中设定好学生自我评价与同伴评价的量化标准，列好学生自我评价和同伴评价的核查表；其次，学生根据核查表才可有的放矢，对照核查表所列的内容一一检查，每节课后，客观公正地给予自己和他人中肯的评价；最后，结合学生自我评价和同伴评价的反馈结果，教师针对学生课堂上的表现，纵向对比某一特定学生评价前后的差异，或者横向比较某一特定组别在同一活动中每位学生各项指标的完成情况，同时，以多种形式反馈给学生并提出整改意见。因而，在教学的不同阶段，根据学生的能力发展状况，教师可适时调整评价方式，不断改进教学方法和教学手段。

只有将自我评价、同伴评价与教师评价结合在一起评价方式才能保证较好的教学效果，才能促进教育改革的进一步深化，真正达到以素质教育培养复合型人才的终极目标。

其次，形成性评价的行为评估工具有课堂观察、学生档案、座谈、问卷调查、访谈和对话周记等。如何运用以及怎样运用这些评价工具要根据所授课程、课程目标和授课对象等诸多因素做适当调整。

课堂观察是教学行为和技巧的基本方式。根据Genesee and Upshur(2001:79)的观点，教师在观察的基础上，可以评估学生已掌握和未掌握的内容。换言之，教师应该评估促进或阻碍学生学习的策略。与此同时，教师还可评估一些特定的教学策略的有效性，确定学生们欣赏哪些课堂活动和形式。课堂观察有助于教师更好地了解课程设计和学生需求的契合度。通过正式或非正式的观察，教师可掌握大多数学生对于教学安排的可接受程度，根据学生的需求改进或调整教学安排等，以提升教学效果。

“questionnaires and interviews can all be thought of as conversations between students and teachers”（Genesee and Upshur，2001:136）。如上所述，问卷调查和访谈都可被看作教师和学生间的对话，访谈和问卷调查是相似的，但决定使用访谈或者问卷调查可依据不同的教学目的。无论是哪种方式，都是老师和学生之间相对正式的会谈，这非常有利于老师对他的教学效果进行评估,诊断学生在英语学习遇到的困难，为学生寻找合适的解决问题,获得良好的学习策略和学习得到更多的进步。访谈和问卷调查设计应该根据学生的个人需求并符合教学目标。

对话周记作为教师和学生沟通的另一种方式，深受学生的喜爱。因课程设置和班级规模的不同，课堂观察、问卷调查及访谈都相对比较片面，而对话周记则可以关注到每个学生的不同需求。师生间定期通信，既增加了教师和学生之间的相互了解，增强彼此的信任，又能解决学生的个案问题，做到因材施教；同时，为了促进“教学相长”，学生可及时反馈教师的课堂教学，对于教师的教学提出较好的建议和意见。

学生档案是一个综合各项评估功能于一体的评估工具。它可以记录学生的成长、课堂变化且兼顾多种需要。如今，众多评价工具只把学生作为评价的对象，而评估的责任和任务的则落到了教师身上。但事实上，几乎没有一种评价工具能很好地管理学生活动并对其课堂行为负责。相比之下, 建立学生档案，需要学生亲力亲为；本着自我负责的原则，他们要更好地自我监督和控制，同时，在建档案的过程中，学生可以见证自己的进步与成长，增强学习的自信，提高学习的效果。

三、形成性评价对于英语口语教学的重要性与紧迫性

众所周知,教育评估在大学英语课程改革中扮演着相当重要的角色。英语教学的重点已从传播知识转移到培养能力。多年来，在中国，人们只注重英语写作和阅读的能力的提升，而一直忽视英语口语交际能力。多年来，教学评价已经被狭义理解为量化教学，而后进一步局限于教学测试。考试作为教学的终极目的，期末考试的成绩也就成为教师评价学生的最重要的依据。而对于口语课堂，单一的这种评估方式和依据增加了大多数学生的心理压力和少部分学生侥幸心理。考试成绩给学生很大压力，危害学生的发展，评估过程中，学生一直被动地参与，无法调动其积极性。当课程结束时，教师将得不到及时准确的学生反馈，无法改善评估方法以助于提高学生的英语口语能力。

“形成性评价源于诊断性测试。与终结性评价相比，形成性评价通过教学过程中多方面的评价发现问题，解决问题，强调过程性、目标性和学生学习的主动性。” (魏薇，2005) 鉴于终结性评价在口语测试评分中的片面性和主观性，大学英语口语表达能力的培养还是受到了这种终结性评价的制约。在大学英语口语教学中，形成性评价最重要的任务的是帮助教师监控学生英语口语的学习过程，提高学生的英语口语学习。如能将形成性评价的理论引入大学英语口语课堂教学与测试中，建立大学英语口语课程与形成性评价相结合的评估模式，则会推动大学英语口语教学和测试的改革进程。

鉴于口语课堂的特点，为了克服传统终结性评价对于口语课堂的制约性，形成性评价与大学英语口语教学相结合有其不可忽视的重要性和紧迫性。

首先，由于口语表达能力除了包含最基本的发音、词汇、语法能力还有语用能力、文化知识储备力等多项复杂的技能，而所有的这些技能无法在某一次测试中完全体现出来。因口语学习的最终目的是运用到相关学科、为了更好地促进国际交流。

而形成性评价尤其注重过程教学，这种评价将教学过程分成了诸多阶段，学生可在每个不同的阶段就自己的学习态度、发音、语言运用的准确性、流利程度以及课堂活动参与的积极性进行横向的同学互评和纵向的自我比较。一方面，横向比较可以找到彼此间的差距，互相帮助已达到各方面的提升；另一方面，学生可在整理学习档案的过程中，纵向比较自己前后阶段的学习情况，时刻了解自己在每个阶段的学习状况，在教师和同学的辅助下，运用不同的学习方法和策略，逐项提高自己的口语能力。 另外，教师在学生进行评价的过程中，可真实地参与并记录学生在各方面的真实水平。

其次，口语课堂实际上是教师与学生、学生与学生之间的互动交际。教师需要花费大量的时间设计口语活动、鼓励学生参与活动、监控课堂活动、诊断学生的需求和问题、记录学生的表现等。学生则在各种学习任务和活动中不断地练习、发现问题、纠正偏差。

与传统的终结性评价不同，形成性评价的最显著特征是评价的主体是学生，学生和教师共同参与课堂，缺一不可。根据多数学生的关注点，学生参与确定研究目标、评分标准和英语口语的性能评估。因而，他们了解每一项活动的任务和目标，他们可合理运用各种评价方式和工具，课前认真准备，课堂上积极参与，能与教师积极互动，课堂上客观地评价自己、同伴和教师。这不仅是一种评价过程，更是学生回归自我认同感的方式。学生增加了学习自信，在评价过程中不断积累经验，逐步获得学习成就感。教师亦可在与学生互动的过程中，更好地了解学生的知识掌握和课堂反馈情况，根据反馈适时调整教学方法。如此良性循环，既增强了课堂的趣味性又提高了学生的学习效率。

四、结语

形成性评价，作为正常教学和学习过程的有机部分，可以全面、客观、科学、准确地提供与其学习目标相关的重要信息，它有助于促进学生的个性化发展和外语教学质量的根本性提高。形成性评价其中的一个重要作用是培养学生良好的英语学习习惯。将英语形成性评价与口语教学紧密地结合在一起，能提高学生学习的兴趣并及时、准确、客观地反映学生的真实水平，使学生的英语口语能力稳步提高。通过采用具体的形成性评价方式，发展学生的自我评价与学生间相互评价的能力，以促进学生的自我反思与自我管理能力。从而提高学生自主学习意识与自主学习能力，并为他们养成终身学习的意识与习惯打下基础。

This morning, my father took me to school by bike. I sat at the back of the

bike, eating a banana. After I ate it up, I threw the skin onto the street

randomly.

今天早晨，爸爸骑车带我去上学。我坐在后车座上，吃着香蕉。吃完后，我顺手将香蕉皮扔到了街上。

No sooner had I done this than I realized that I had done something bad to

our environment. And maybe someone would step on it and tumble over. I must pick

it up. Thinking of these, I asked father to stop. I jumped off the bike and ran

back to pick up the banana skin and threw it into a roadside dustbin. Seeing

this, father praised me and I felt very happy.

我马上意识到我的所作所为破坏了我们的环境，或许有人会踩在上面而跌倒，我必须把它拾起来。想到这些，我让爸爸停车。我跳下自行车，跑回去拾起香蕉皮，并扔到了路边的垃圾箱里。看到这些，爸爸表扬了我。我感到很高兴。

In future I will protect the surroundings more consciously and think more

about others.

将来我要更自觉地保护周围的环境，更多地为他人着想。