初中英语作文写作句型(20篇)

机遇是成功的因素之一。但是机遇并不经常光顾小学生作文 你也可以投稿，而且并不是所有机遇都必然导向成功。除此之外，机遇通常就在刻苦的工作中，只是许多人觉察不到而已。因此如果你想成就事业，就必须努力工作以做好迎接机遇的准备。否则，即便机遇来了你也会失去它。我认为，我们社会中的每个人都有许多机遇，但只有那些做好充足准备的有才能的人才会利用机遇取得成功。

Opportunity and Success

Opportunity is one of the elements of success. But opportunities don’t come often. And not all the opportunities can certainly lead to success. Moreover, opportunities are usually disguised as hard work; therefore most people don’t recognize them. So if you want to achieve something, you must make efforts and get prepared. Otherwise, you will take no advantage of opportunities when they come to you. In my opinion, there are plenty of opportunities for everyone in our society, but only those who have made enough preparations and are highly talented can make use of them to achieve their purpose.

January 21

It was cooler than yesterday. One of my father’s friends invited me to eat red bayberries. You must know it is unusual. Because we will climb the hill to eat red bayberries. There is no chance to eat red bayberries in the hill for the people who don’t live in Beijing. On the hill, you can breathe the fresh air, you can listen birds singing and you can eat red bayberries. It was enjoyable. It is said there are wild pigs in the hill. What a beautiful natural.

January 22

Today I found time was a cruel thing. Whatever man is, time always goes on. It won’t stay to wait for somebody. You can’t use anything to exchange time. Time is also a fair thing. Although you have a lot of money or you enjoy high reputation, time won’t leave them more. Today I found I hadn’t enough time. Although I have 50-day holiday, but I found I had a lot of things to do. I had a lot of homework to do and I had something necessary to do.

January 23

I have rested for 10 days. In these days, I felt very bored. I didn’t know to do what. Although I had a lot of things to do, I felt uncomfortable. I was ill because of the cold weather. I was tired, sleepy and had no strength. My parents are worried about my health. in fact, it didn’t matter. I was always in the room with air-conditioner and opened it in a low temperature. So when I went out, the high temperature disagreed to me. Finally, I was ill.

一.开头用语：

良好的开端等于成功的一半.在写作文时，通常以最简单也最常用的方式---开门见山法。也就是说, 直截了当地提出你对这个问题的看法或要求，点出文章的中心思想。

1.议论论文：

A. Just as every coin has two sides, cars have both advantages and disadvantages.

B. Compared to/ In comparison with letters, e-mails are more convenient.

C. When it comes to computers, some people think they have brought us a lot of convenience. However,...

D. Opinions are divided on the advantages and disadvantages of living in the city and in the countryside.

E. As is known to all/ As we all know, computers have played an important role/part in our daily life.

F. Why do you go to university? Different people have different points of view.

2. 书信：

A. I am writing to you to apply for admission to your university as a visiting scholar.

B. I read an advertisement in today’s China Daily and I apply for the job...

C. Thank you for your letter of May 5.D. How happy I am to receive your letter of January 9.

E. How nice to hear from you again.

3. 口头通知或介绍情况：

A. Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please. I have an announcement to make.

B. Attention, please. I have something important to tell you.

C. Mr. Green, Welcome to our school. To begin with, let me introduce Mr. Wang to you.

4. 演讲稿：

A. Ladies and gentlemen, I feel very much honored to have a chance here to make a speech on the subject -- A Balance Diet and Health.

B. Good morning everyone! Allow me, first of all, on behalf of all present here, to extend our warm welcome and cordial greeting to our distinguished guest.

二.并列用语：

as well as, not only…but (also), including,

A. Not only do computers play an important part in science and technology, but also play an informative role in our daily life.

B. All of us, including the teachers / the teachers included, will attend the lecture.

C. He speaks French as well as English.=He speaks English, and French as well.=He speaks not only English but also French.

D. E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing an important part in daily communication.

三.对比用语：

on one hand ,on the other hand, on the contrary/contrary to ..., though, for one thing ;for another, nevertheless

A. I know the Internet can only be used at home or in the office, but on the other hand, it is becoming more and more popular for much information as well as clear and vivid pictures.

B. It is hard work; I enjoy it though.

C. Contrary to what I had originally thought, the trip turned out to be fun.

四. 递进用语：

even, besides, what’s more, as for, so…that…, worse still, moreover, furthermore; but for, in addition, to make matters worse

A. The house is too small for a family of four, and furthermore/besides/what’s more/moreover /in addition/worse still , it is in a bad location.

五. 例证用语：

in one’s opinion, that is to say, for example, for instance, as a matter of fact, in fact, namely

A. As a matter of fact, advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life.

B. There is one more topic to discuss, namely/that is ( to say ), the question of education.

六. 时序用语：

first/firstly, meanwhile, before long, ever since, while, at the same time

in the meantime, shortly after, nowadays,

A. They will be here soon. Meanwhile, let’s have coffee.

B. Firstly, let me deal with the most important difficulty.

七. 强调用语：

especially, indeed, at least, at the most, What in the world/on earth.. , not at all ,

A. Noise is unpleasant, especially when you are trying to sleep.

B What in the world/on earth are you doing?

八. 因果用语：

thanks to, because, as a result, because of/as a result of , without, with the help of..., owe ...to...

A. The company has a successful year, thanks mainly to the improvement in export sales.

B. As a result, many of us succeeded in passing the College Entrance Examinations.

九. 总结用语：

in short; briefly/ in brief ; generally speaking, in a word, as you know, as is known to all

A. Generally speaking, sending an e-mail is more convenient than sending letters.

B. In short, measures must be taken to prevent the environment being polluted.

常用句型

(一)段首句

1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……

There are different opinions among people as to……Some people suggest that ……

2. 俗话说(常言道)……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。

There is an old saying……Its the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today.

3. 现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……;其次，……。更为糟糕的是……。

Today, …… which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ……Second,……What makes things worse is that…….

4. 现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外(而且)……。

Nowadays，it is common to ……. Many people like …… because …… Besides，……

5. 任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。

Everything has two sides and …… is not an exception，it has both advantages

and disadvantages.

6. 关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为(说)……，在他们看来，……

People’s opinions about …… vary from person to person. Some people say that ……To them,……

7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题……，这个问题变得越来越严重。

Man is now facing a big problem …… which is becoming more and more serious.

8. ……已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。

……has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.

9. ……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。

……has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.

10. 根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出……。很显然……，但是为什么呢?

According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that……while. Obviously，……but why?

(二)中间段落句

1. 相反，有一些人赞成……，他们相信……，而且，他们认为……。

On the contrary，there are some people in favor of……t the same time，they say……

2. 但是，我认为这不是解决……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的是……。

But I dont think it is a very good way to solve …….For example，……Worst of all，…….

3. ……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，(也是)非常重要的。首先，……。而且……，最重要的是……

……is necessary and important to our countrys development and construction. First，……Whats more, ……Most important of all,……

4. 有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以……。

There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can……

5. 面临……，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。一方面……，另一方面，

Confronted with……we should take a series of effective measures to…….

For one thing，For another，

6. 早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……，另外……。所有这些方法肯定会……。

It is high time that something was done about it. For example. ……In addition.……All these measures will certainly…….

7. 为什么……?第一个原因是……;第二个原因是……;第三个原因是……。总的来说，……的主要原因是由于……

Why…… The first reason is that ……The second reason is ……The third is…….For all this, the main cause of ……use to …….

8. 然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，……也有它的不利的一面，象……。

However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ……also has its own disadvantages, such as ……

9. 尽管如此，我相信……更有利。

Nonetheless, I believe that ……is more advantageous.

10. 完全同意……这种观点(陈述)，主要理由如下：

I fully agree with the statement that ……because…….

(三)结尾句

1. 至于我，在某种程度上我同意后面的观点，我认为……

As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent. I think that ……

2. 总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注……这个问题。只有这样，我们才能在将来……。

In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ……Only in this way can ……in the future.

3. 但是，……和……都有它们各自的优势(好处)。例如，……，而……。然而，把这两者相比较，我更倾向于(喜欢)……

But ……and……have heir own advantages. For example, …… while……

Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to……

4. 就我个人而言，我相信……，因此，我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为……

Personally, I believe that…… Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because……

5. 随着社会的发展，……。因此，迫切需要……。如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自己的一份力量，这个社会将要变得越来越好。

With the development of society, ……So its urgent and necessary to ……If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better.

6. 至于我(对我来说，就我而言)，我认为……更合理。只有这样，我们才能……

For my part, I think it reasonable to…… Only in this way can you……

7. 对我来说，我认为有必要……。原因如下：第一，……; 第二，……;最后……但同样重要的是……

In my opinion, I think it necessary to……The reasons are as follows. First ……second …… Last but not least,……

8. 在总体上很难说……是好还是坏，因为它在很大程度上取决于……的形势。然而，就我个人而言，我发现……。

It is difficult to say whether ……is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of…….however, from a personal point of view find……

9. 综上所述，我们可以清楚地得出结论……

From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that……

10. 如果我们不采取有效的方法，就可能控制不了这种趋势，就会出现一些意想不到的不良后果，所以，我们应该做的是……

If we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is

常用句型：

开头：

When it comes to ..., some think ...

There is a public debate today that ...

A is a commen way of ..., but is it a wise one?

Recentaly the problem has been brought into focus.

提出观点：

Now there is a growing awareness that...

It is time we explore the truth of ...

Nowhere in history has the issue been more visible.

进一步提出观点：

... but that is only part of the history.

Another equally important aspect is ...

A is but one of the many effects. Another is ... Besides, other reasons are...

提出假想例子的方式：

Suppose that...

Just imagine what would be like if...

It is reasonable to expect...

It is not surprising that...

举普通例子：

For example(instance),...

... such as A,B,C and so on (so forth)

A good case in point is...

A particular example for this is...

引用：

One of the greatest early writers said ...

"Knowledge is power", such is the remard of ...

"......". That is how sb comment ( criticize/ praise...).

"......". How often we hear such words like there.

讲故事

(先说故事主体)，this story is not rare.

..., such delimma we often meet in daily life.

..., the story still has a realistic significance.

提出原因：

There are many reasons for ...

Why .... , for one thing,...

The answer to this problem involves many factors.

Any discussion about this problem would inevitably involves ...

The first reason can be obiviously seen.

Most people would agree that...

Some people may neglect that in fact ...

Others suggest that...

Part of the explanation is ...

进行对比：

The advantages for A for outweigh the disadvantages of...

Although A enjoys a distinct advantage ...

Indeed , A carries much weight than B when sth is concerned.

A maybe ... , but it suffers from the disadvantage that...

承上启下：

To understand the truth of ..., it is also important to see...

A study of ... will make this point clear

让步：

Certainly, B has its own advantages, such as...

I do not deny that A has its own merits.

结尾：

From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw

the conclusion that ...

In summary, it is wiser ...

In short...

I am living in. It has a wonderful envirnment. I can see flowers and trees from my house. there is a playground right in front of my block.

Children always play there and senior citizens do exercises. Public transport is convience. School, hospital and super market are only a few minutes away. I like my housing estate very much.

[我的小屋初中英语作文例文

Changchun is not only noted for its historical relics such as the Last

Emperors Palace but also for its wide streets, lush greenery and pure fresh

air. Bows upon rows of high-rises are standing among the boundless and immense

forests. Therefore, Changchun also has been nicknamed "City in the Forest". The

scenery of the city is full of touching beauty,which inevltably leaves visitors

with a memorable experience.

As a cultural city, it is proud to be the home of a number of noted

universities and institutes of science and technology including Jilin

University, which has national prominence.

I went to Xinjiang with my mom and dad in the summer vacation。 Every station of the silk road was full of beauty and magic。

Our first stop is to reach thirteen in the ancient city of Xian， where the world famous Terracotta Army of Qin， is the unity of Qin Shihuang made his China funerary， magnificent， true to life。

The second stop is Dunhuang。 We go by train。 In the silk train I met some new friends， they are three with a tour group is big sister in high school。 The train arrived at the destination at second oclock in the evening at 8 oclock。 Although it took a day and a half， but because we got to know so many new friends， we enjoyed ourselves on the train， so we didnt feel tired at all。

The second day early in the morning， we went to Crescent Spring， Mingsha mountain， enjoy the boundless desert scenery， riding a camel in the desert to explore the inexhaustible wonders of Crescent Spring。 In Dunhuang， we also see the Mogao Grottoes murals， there are flying fairies， Pipa dance， is really worthy of the ancient works of skilled craftsmen! But the aunt said that such precious relics are now facing the threat of being swallowed by the desert。

On the fourth day， we once again took the train to Turpan， the famous vineyard in Xinjiang。 We are enjoying the sweet grapes， enjoy a beautiful song and dance in Xinjiang， experience the Flaming Mountains hot， watch the water - amazing kariz engineering。

Farewell in Turpan vineyards are reluctant to part， we came to the silk road trip end point station Urumqi， tour of the Tianshan Tianchi， as Xinjiang girl， eat mutton string， watching a thriller "Dawaz" high wire program， feel the enthusiasm of Xinjiang。。。。。。

This trip， let me see the beauty of the mountains and rivers of the motherland， experience different ethnic customs， appreciate the wisdom of the ancient people， learn a lot of history and geography knowledge， and have made many new friends。

暑假我和爸爸妈妈一起去新疆旅游，丝绸之路的每一站都充满美景和神奇。

我们到达的第一站是十三朝古都西安，那里的秦兵马俑世界闻名，是统一中国的秦始皇造出来陪葬他的，宏伟壮观，栩栩如生。

第二站是敦煌，我们是坐火车去的。在丝绸火车上我认识了几位新朋友，她们是同一个旅行团里的三位即将读高中的大姐姐。火车第二天晚上８点才到目的地，虽然坐了一天半的时间，但因为结识了这么多新朋友，我们在火车上玩得开心，所以一点儿也不觉得累。

第二天一大早，我们去了鸣沙山、月牙泉，欣赏到无边无际的沙漠风光，骑着骆驼探寻沙漠中的奇观——不会枯竭的月牙泉。在敦煌，我们还看了莫高窟壁画，里面有飞天仙女、反弹琵琶舞，真不愧是古代能工巧匠的作品！可是听讲解员阿姨说，这么珍贵的古迹，现在却面临着被沙漠吞没的威胁。

第四天，我们再一次乘火车到达新疆著名的葡萄园——吐鲁番。我们享受着甜美的葡萄，欣赏了优美的新疆歌舞，体验了火焰山的炎热，观赏了令人惊叹的水利工程——坎儿井。

在依依不舍中告别吐鲁番的葡萄园，我们来到了此次丝绸之路旅行的终点站——乌鲁木齐，游天山天池，扮新疆姑娘，吃羊肉串，看惊险的“达瓦孜”高空走钢丝节目，尽情感受新疆的热情……

这次旅行，让我看到了祖国山河的美丽，体验了不同民族的风情，欣赏了古代人民的智慧成果，学到了很多历史和地理知识，还结识了很多新朋友。

I will be a middle school student soon. when I look back on my pass days, I

find myself don’t make a difference, I play most of the time and don’t focus on

my study. Now I make up my mind. In the future days, I must study with all my

heart and learn as more as possible. So that I can store something for the

future.

就“说明对象”而言，英语说明文可分为对“客观具体事物”的说明和对“主观抽象观念”的说明两大类，比如：对“LASER（激光）”、“Computer Problem of Year XX（计算机XX年问题）”等等的说明都是对客观或者具体事物的说明，而“The Successful Interview（谈成功的面试）”、“How to Write Good English Composition（如何才能写好英语作文）” 等是对主观抽象观念的说明。对我们中学生朋友来说，在汉语说明文的教学中似乎比较侧重前者，即解释客观具体事物的说明文。但在英语说明文中，阐述和说明 “主观抽象观念”的说明文占了很大的比重，其中有些类似汉语中的议论文。但是无论是对“客观具体事物”的说明还是对“主观抽象观念”的阐述，英语说明文从结构上看大致可分为三个部分：第一部分一般是文章的第一段，提出文章的主题，也就是说，文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容；第二部分是文章的主体，可由若干个段落组成，对文章的主题进行展开说明；第三部分是结尾段，对文章的主题作归纳总结。从英语说明文的结构可以看出，要写好英语说明文的关键在于第二部分如何对文章主题进行展开说明。在英语中，常见的用来展开文章主题的方法有下列几种：

1.罗列法（listing）

在文章开始时提出需要说明的东西和观点，然后常用first，second，…and finally加以罗列说明。罗列法广泛地使用于各类指导性的说明文之中，下面这篇学生作文就是用罗列法写成的：

Early Rising

Early rising （早起） is helpful in more than one way. First， it helps to keep us fit （健康）。 We all need fresh air. But air is never so fresh as early in the morning. Besides， we can do good to our health from doing morning exercise （做早操）。

Secondly， early rising helps us in our studies. We learn more quickly in the morning， and find it easier to remember what we learn in the morning.

Thirdly， early rising enables （使能够） us to plan the work of the day. We cannot work well without a good plan. Just as the plan for the year should be made in the spring， so the plan for the day should be made in the morning.

Fourthly， early rising gives us enough time to get ready for our work， such as to wash our faces and hands and eat our breakfast properly.

Late risers may find it very difficult to form the habit of early rising. They ought to make special efforts to do so. As the English proverb says，“Early to bed and early to rise， makes a man healthy， wealthy and wise.”

罗列法经常用下列句式展开段落，我们可以注意模仿学习：

There are several good reasons why we should learn a foreign language. First of all， …Secondly， …And finally， …

We should try our best to plant more trees for several good reasons First of all， …Secondly， …And finally，

必须指出的是，有时罗列法并不一定有明确的first， second…等词，但文章还是以罗列论据展开的。

2.举例法（examples）

举例法是用具体的例子来说明我们要表达的意思，常用for example， for instance， still another example is…等词语引出。下面这篇学生作文就是用举例法写成的：

Recreation

It is impossible to keep in good health unless we take enough recreation （娱乐）。 The mind， too， needs change to make it fresh and vigorous （有活力的） There is much truth in the old saying， All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.“

There are many games which boys and girls can play after their school work is done， for instance， football， tennis， and kite-flying. Other examples of recreation are boating， fishing， gardening， cycling， walking， chess-playing， and reading. Persons who sit much at their business should take a kind of recreation that will supply their muscles （肌肉） with exercise. Those who spend most of their time in the open air and do manual work （体力活） should adopt （采纳） reading or some other quiet form of recreation.

Cycling is said to be an important means of recreation， but many persons foolishly tire out themselves by cycling too much. The same may be said in regard to football. Tennis is a pleasant form of recreation. Many persons take great delight in boating. Fishing requires much patience， and there is much danger of taking cold by sitting still on a cold day too long. A good brisk （轻松） walk is one of the finest forms of exercise. For persons engaged in outdoor labor， chess-playing is another excellent form of recreation.

可以看出，举例法和罗列法有时可以结合使用：即用罗列法来列出例子，用例子充实罗列的说明。

3.比较法（comparison and contrast）

比较法是对两个对象进行比较，从而进行说明的写作手法。比较法又可细分为比较相同点（comparison）和比较不同点（contrast）两种方法，比如：

From Paragraph to Essay

Although they are different in length （长度）， the paragraph and the essay are quite similar in structure （结构）。 For example， the paragraph starts with either a topic sentence （主题句） or a topic introducer followed by a topic sentence. In the essay， the first paragraph sets up the topic focus （主题所在） Next， the sentences in the body of a paragraph develop the topic sentence. Similarly， the body of an essay consists of a number of paragraphs that discuss and support the ideas given in the introductory （引导的） paragraph. Finally， a concluding sentence （结束句） ——whether a restatement， conclusion， or observation——ends the paragraph. The essay， too， has a concluding paragraph which ends the essay logically and satisfactorily. Although there are some exceptions （例外）， most well written expository （说明文的） paragraphs and essays are similar in structure.

可以看出，在比较相同点的时候，常用到similarly，also，too，in the same case，in spite of the difference等这样的词语。

European Football and American Football

Although European football is the parent of American football， the two games show several major differences. European football， sometimes called association football or soccer， is played in 80 countries， making it the most widely played sport in the world. American football， on the other hand， is popular only in North America （the United States and Canada）。 Soccer is played by eleven players with a round ball. Football， also played by eleven players in somewhat different positions （位置） on the field， is played with an elongated （拉长的） round ball. Soccer has little body contact （接触） between players and therefore needs no special protective equipment. Football， in which players make the greatest use of body contact to stop a running ball-carrier and his teammates， needs special protective equipment. In soccer， the ball is advanced toward the goal by kicking it or by butting （顶） it with the head. In American football， on the other hand， the ball is passed from hand to hand or carried in the hands across the opponents （对手） goal. These are just a few of the features which distinguish （区别） association and American football.

这是一篇用比较不同点的手法写的说明文。从文章中可以看出：however，on the other hand，in contrast，but，nevertheless等表示转折的词语常用来引导对不同点的比较。

4.定义法（definition）

定义法也是英语说明文中常用的写作手法，特别是在对具体事物概念进行说明时经常使用。定义法的基本要素是定义句。英语中常见定义句的模式是：

被定义对象is所属类别+限制性定语

可以看出，定义句中限制性定语越详细，定义就越精确，比如：

A bat is a small mouse-like animal that flies at night and feeds on（以……为食品）fruit and insects but is not a bird.

其实，在英—英词典中，对英语单词的英文解释就是定义法的典型例子。比如，看看Longman词典对student和teacher的定义是很有意思的：A student is a person who is studying at a place of education or training. A teacher is a person who gives knowledge or skill to sb. as a profession （专业）。

5.顺序法（sequence of time， space and process）

顺序法是指按时间、空间或过程的顺序进行说明的一种写作手法。比如按照时间顺序介绍一个科学家的生平，用空间顺序阐述逐渐开发西部的重要意义，用过程顺序法解释葡萄酒的生产过程等等。

下面这篇学生作文就是用顺序法写成的：

Coal

Coal underwent （经受） many changes before it became the bright， brittle （脆的）， black substance which we now use. During ancient times （在上古时代）， when the earth enjoyed a very warm and wet climate， the land was covered with large forests and big plants. As time went on， the ground changed and began to sink （下沉） a little. These very large numbers of trees and vegetables received a deposit （沉淀） of sand and clay. This layer of sand and clay pressed upon the layer beneath and prevented it from contact with air. These trees and plants received the pres sure and changed its appearance.

Generations after generations （几世纪后）， as the ground kept gradually sinking， another layer of sand and clay was again deposited （积聚） above the layers already formed. A great pressure was thus exerted （作用） and the peat （泥煤） was changed into the black and brittle substance which is known as coal.

Coal is a kind of mineral which is formed by nature as above stated. It is an important industrial material and is chiefly used as fuel. It is very valuable in the industrial world. The place where coal deposit is called a coal mine （煤矿）。 In China， coal mines are largely found in the north-west part of the country. Shanxi is a famous province for producing coal. It has the most coal of China.

6.分类法（classification）

分类法是将写作对象进行分类说明的一种写作手法。比如：著名的英国哲学家弗朗西斯·培根（Francis Bacon）在其脍炙人口的《谈读书》（Of Studies）一文中就用到了分类法：

Some books are to be tasted， others to be swallowed， and some few to be chewed and digested， that is， some books are to be read only in parts， others to be read， but not curiously， and some few to be read wholly， and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy， and extracts made of them by others； but that would be only in the less important arguments， and the meaner sort of books…

参考译文：书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读，取其所需摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者……

——转摘自《英汉翻译教程》（张培基等）

可见，如果能够根据具体情况，选用合适的写作手法，就可为文章增添无穷的魅力。

除了上述提到的6种展开英语说明文主题的写作方法之外，还有因果法、归纳法等其他方法。但相比之下，对于中学生来说，上述6种方法是首先值得掌握的。另外必须指出的是：在一篇文章中往往是以一种写作手法为主，同时辅以其他写作手法。有时，甚至会几种写作手法混用而不分主次。因此，必须根据具体情况，选用合适的展开主题的写作手法，才能写出优秀的英语说明文。

How time flies！ It has been three years since I came to the school。 My school is beautiful and there are many beautiful flowers and trees。 The teachers are so kind though there is always too much homework。 My classmates are all very friendly to each other。 We always help each other。 I have learned a lot from them and made a lot of friends。 I enjoy my school life。 However， I dont do well in math。 I’ll try my best to study math during the summer holidays。 Now Im going to say goodbye to my teachers and classmates。 Ill miss my school life。

导语：童年宛如乐谱，谱写出一件又一件的趣事，童年是雨后的彩虹，下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

My childhood was happy with my mother’s love .In my young heart, my mother was strong and healthy and never got sick. She took me to the primary school and home every day. No matter when it’s rainy or windy.

But one day, after we got home from school, my mother went into the bedroom and stayed in bed. I didn’t know what had happened.

I sat beside her , my mother said to me , “it doesn’t matter , mum only has a headache . I will be all right after a while.” Although mother said so, I found tears in her eyes because of pain, at that time I knew adults also got ill and cried. I decided I would take care of my mother from then on.

【参考译文】

我的童年对我母亲的爱很满意。在我幼小的心里,我妈妈强壮健康,从不生病。她每天带我去小学和家。无论刮风下雨还是刮风下雨。

但是有一天,我们放学回家后,妈妈走进卧室,躺在床上。我不知道发生了什么事

我坐在她旁边,妈妈对我说:“没关系,妈妈只是头疼。”过一会儿我会没事的。虽然母亲说,我发现她眼里含着泪水,因为痛苦,那时我知道成年人也生病了,哭了。我决定从那以后照顾我妈妈。

Last winter holiday, I went to Harbin with my mother. It‘s very cold in winter. There is snow and ice everywhere and you are always in a white world. You must wear warm clothes. The most exciting thing is playing with snow. Skating is also very interesting there. I will always remember Harbin, for the snow, the ice and all the beautiful things. I love Harbin.

【—之雪】冬天的时候，我们最期盼有雪的降临，因为雪世界变得格外的纯净。

季节作文：以雪为题写一篇英语短文

SNOW

At dusk，the weather became colder while the sky was gray，and the cold wind was blowing strongly.It seemed that it was going to snow soon. A moment later，the snowflakes began to fall quietly.Soon the land before my eyes was all white，like a beautiful blanket.Then it snowed more and more heavily.The trees were all covered with white quilts.The whole city became a silver world. The next morning，it stopped snowing and cleared up.I went into the yard.Looking far away，I saw a beautiful silver white world.A group of children were playing happily.Some were throwing snowballs to each other，others were making a snowman.Snow seemed to bring us warm and wishes.Cold as it was，nobaby felt cold in the white world. I love snow，because it is pure white.It brings us hope and vigour.

虽然雪景很美，但是同学们在外面玩雪的时候，要注意保暖哦！

初中英语语法对地点状语从句的总结

【—语法对地点状语从句的总结】下文为同学们带来的是对地点状语从句的讲述及where, wherever 引导词的介绍。

地点状语从句

地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 初中物理 引导。

Where I live there are plenty of trees.

我住的地方树很多。

Wherever I am I will be thinking of you.

不管我在哪里我都会想到你。

对上述例句的介绍，希望同学们对地点状语从句能够有所了解。

初中英语语法对if, whether引导的名词从句的用法总结

【—语法对if, whether引导的名词从句的用法总结】同学们对if, whether引导的名词从句是否有一定的了解？如果没有的话，看老师为大家带来的具体分析。

if, whether引导的名词从句

1）yes-no型疑问从句

从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的，因此也分别被称为yes-no型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句，其功能和wh-从句的功能相同， 例如：

主语：Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 这一计划是否可行还有等证实。

宾语：Let us know whether / if you can finish the article 初中学习方法 before Friday. 请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章写完。

表语：The point is whether we should lend him the money. 问题在于我们是否应该借钱给他。

同位语：They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy. 他们调查他是否值得信赖。

形容词宾语： Shes doubtful whether we shall be able to come. 她怀疑我们是否能够前来。

介词宾语： I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness. 我担心他是否能度过疾病的危险期。

2）选择性疑问从句

选择性疑问从句由关联词if/whether…or或whethe…or not构成，例如：

Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish. 请告诉我他们是瑞典人还是丹麦人。

I dont care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜欢该计划。

看完之后，同学们是否理解了呢？如果还有什么疑问的话可以参考！

英语学习的十句经典名言

1. What is language for? Some people seem to think its for practicing grammar rules and learning lists of words--- the longer the words the better. Thats wrong. Language is for the exchange of ideas, for communication。

语言到底是用来干什么的呢?一些人认为它是用来操练语法规则和学习一大堆单词--而且单词越长越好。这个想法是错误的。语言是用来交换思想，进行交流沟通的!

2. The way to learn a language is to practice speaking it as often as possible。

学习一门语言的方法就是要尽量多地练习说。

3. A great man once said it is necessary to drill as much as possible, and the more you apply it in real situations, the more natural it will become。

一位伟人曾说，反复操练是非常必要的，你越多的将所学到的东西运用到实际生活中，他们就变的越自然。

4. Learning any language takes a lot of effort. But dont give up。

学习任何语言都是需要花费很多努力，但不要放弃。

5. Relax! Be patient and enjoy yourself. Learning foreign languages should be fun。

放松点!要有耐性，并让自己快乐!学习外语应该是乐趣无穷的。

6. Rome wasnt built in a day. Work harder and practice more. Your hard- work will be rewarded by god one day. God is equal to everyone!

冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。更加努力的学习，更加勤奋的操练，你所付出的一切将会得到上帝的报答，上帝是公平的。推荐爱思英语论坛每日英语系列。

7. Use a dictionary and grammar guide constantly. Keep a small English dictionary with you at all time. When you see a new word, look it up. Think about the word-- use it, in your mind, in a sentence。

经常使用字典和语法指南。随身携带一本小英文字典，当你看到一个新字时就去查阅它，想想这个字---然后去用它，在你的心中，在一个句子里。

8. Try to think in English whenever possible. When you see something think of the English word of it; then think about the word in a sentence。

一有机会就努力去用英文来思考。看到某事时，想想它的英文单词;然后把它用到一个句子中去。

9. Practice tenses as much as possible. When you learn a new verb, learn its various forms。

尽可能多的操练时态。学习一个动词的时候，要学习它的各种形态。

10. I would also like to learn more about the culture behind the language. When you understand the cultural background, you can better use the language。

我想学习和了解更多关于语言背后的文化知识，当你理解了文化背景，你就能更好地运用语言。

初中英语学习关于above与over的技巧

两者都可表示“高于”，over 主要表示垂直在上的正上方，而 above 则不一定表示正上方。简单地说，就是表示正上方，两者都可用；不表示正上方，则通常用above：

They built a new room above [over] the garage. 他们在车房上加盖了一个新房间。

He stayed at the hotel above the lake. 他住在可以俯瞰湖泊的旅馆里。

【注】若含有动态或覆盖的意味，通常用 over，而不用 above：

You must climb over the hill. 你必须爬过这座山。

He put his hands over his eyes. 他用双手蒙住眼睛。

上述是对于above 与over的区别介绍，希望同学们能够好好的掌握。不懂的可以参考。

初中英语学习方法之巧记lie和lay

【—之巧记lie和lay】以下的内容是对英语学习方法巧记lie和lay的讲解。

巧记lie和lay

躺 lie,lay,lain,lie in bed again;

撒谎 lie,lied,lied,dont be a liar;

产蛋 lay,laid,laid,a hen laid an egg;

放置 A loy picked it up,and laid it in the bag.

通过上面对巧记lie和lay英语学习的方法讲解，相信同学们对此学习方法可以很好的掌握了，希望同学们在考试中取得很好的收获。

初中英语作文大全之不要乱扔垃圾

【—之不要乱扔垃圾】我们只有一个地球，所以要保护好我们的地球，不要乱扔垃圾。

As we all see, the environment is polluted by a lot of waste things.Some people throw the daily refuse into rivers or on the street at random. 字串9

This is one reason for the environmental pollution. So in daily life I will consciously put the rubbish into the rubbish bin to reduce the contamination.

“不要乱扔垃圾”译文：

正如我们所看到的，环境受到很多废弃物的污染。一些人把生活垃圾随便扔到河里、大街上。这是环境污染的一个原因。所以在日常生活中，我很自觉地把废弃物扔到垃圾桶里来减少污染

如果想要生活在一个美好的环境中，那么就好好的爱护这唯一的地球吧！

In my memory, a lot of things happened in the Spring Festival last year, but the happiest thing for me was to put up fireworks and watch the Spring Festival Gala.

On the thirty night of the year, after our family had finished the dinner, I could not wait to wait in front of the TV set, waiting for the start of the Spring Festival Gala. Eight oclock arrived at the end of the party. I cant keep my eyes on the TV, and I dont want to leave half a step, and Im afraid to miss a good program. The program of the Spring Festival Gala is quite a lot: there are cross talk, there is a little piece, and the singing and dancing acrobatics show, the most magical thing is magic and face change. Show than a fun, than a wonderful, we can sometimes be absorbed in one family, sometimes uproarious.

This night, I was so excited that I didnt sleep well overnight. How I wish the Spring Festival of 20XX came quickly, so that I could look at the Spring Festival Gala and fireworks as happy as last year.

Mobile phones are useful and popular. But they are also bad for us

students. On the one hand, some of us like playing the games, they will forget

the time to rest. If they dont get enough rest, they will feel sleepy in class.

And even they are having a class, they always think about the games. They are

not good for our study. On the other hand, there are a lot of students who like

reading e-books on a mobile phone. Its good to read. But reading on a mobile

phone for a long time is not good for our eyes.

一、什么是说明文？

说明文是以说明为主要表达方式来解说事物、阐明事理而给人知识的文章体裁。说明文实用性很强，它包括广告、说明书、提要、提示、规则、章程、解说词、科学小品等。

二、说明文分类

按照不同的标准，说明文可分不同的类别：

依据说明对象与说明目的的不同，把说明文分为事物说明文和事理说明文两大类。事物说明文的说明对象是具体事物。通过对具体事物的形状、构造、性质、特点、用途等作客观而准确的说明，使读者了解、认识这个或这类事物,例如：《中国石拱桥》、《苏州园林》等。事理说明文的说明对象是某个抽象事理。将抽象事理的成因、关系、原理等说清楚，使读者明白这个事理“为什么是这样”是其主要目的，例如《大自然的语言》、《奇妙的克隆》等。 根据说明语言的不同特色，把说明文分为平实的说明文和生动的说明文两种。

根据说明文的体系不同，还可以分为自然科学类和社会科学类。

三、说明文的特点

以说明为主的表达方式是说明文与其他文体的主要区别。在各种文章样式中，说明文体是一种客观的说明事物,阐明事理的一种文体。说明文的特点是“说”，而且具有一定的知识性。这种知识，或者来自有关科学研究资料，或者是亲身实践、调查、考察的所得，都具有严格的科学性。

说明文的语言特点

准确、简洁、平实是说明文语言的主要特点。当然，说明文的语言风格也是多种多样、各有特色的，有的以平实见长，有的以生动活泼见长。以此为据，可概括为平实说明和生动说明两种方式。一般来说，以说明事物为主的说明文，重在抓住事物的特点，用简明的语言平实地加以说明。而科学小品，讲究趣味性、文艺性，须要作必要的生动、形象的说明。

四、说明文的顺序

1.时间顺序。时间顺序是文章常见的记叙、说明顺序之一。 即按照事理发展过程的先后来介绍某一事物的说明顺序。凡是事物的发展变化都离不开时间，如说明生产技术、产品制作、工作方法、历史发展、文字演变、人物成长、动植物生长等等，都应以时间为序。 时间顺序在文章中使用恰当就可以起到画龙点睛的效果，说明清楚，使读者一目了然，所以在文章时间顺序也是一种独特技巧。 2.空间顺序。空间顺序。即是按事物空间结构的顺序来说明 ，或从外到内，或从上到下，或从整体到局部来加以介绍，这种说明顺序有利于全面说明事物各方面的特征。一般说明某一静态实体（如建筑物等），常用这种顺序。；《故宫博物馆》按照先总后分的顺序，先概括说明故宫建筑物的总体特征，然后再具体介绍太和门、太和殿、中和殿、保和殿、乾清宫……御花园，而在介绍每一座建筑物的时候，则又按照先外后内、先上后下的顺序。

3.逻辑顺序。逻辑顺序即按照事物、事理的内在逻辑关系，或由个别到一般，或由具体到抽象，或由主要到次要，或由现象到本质，或由原因到结果等等一一介绍说明。逻辑顺序主要分成12种——从原因到结果、从主要到次要、从整体到部分、从概括到具体、从现象到本质、从具体到一般、从结果到原因、从次要到主要、从部分到整体、从具体到概括、从本质到现象、从一般到具体。不管是实体的事物，如山川、江河、花草、树木、器物等，还是抽象的事理，如思想、观点、概念、原理、技术等，都适用于以逻辑顺序来说明凡是阐述事物、事理间的各种因果关系或其他逻辑关系，按逻辑顺序写作最为适宜。

五、说明文的结构

说明文的结构一般有两种：总分式，事物说明文常用的结构形式：（1）总——分，如《苏州园林》（先总体的概括，再分说。结尾没有总结性的语言），（2）总——分——总，如《故宫博物院》；递进式，各层之间的关系是由浅入深、由表及里、由现象到本质。各层之间的关系为递进关系。如《向沙漠进军》。

六、说明文常用的说明方法

(1)下定义。用简明的语言指出被说明对象的本质特征。从而更科学、更本质、更概括地揭示事物的特征/事理。下定义能准确揭示事物的本质，是科技说明文常用的方法。

(2)分类别。把被说明对象按一定的标准分成不同的类别，一类一类地加以说明，叫分类别。如《食物从何处来》把生物获得食物的途径和方法划分为"自养"和"异养"两类，然后分别说明。

(3)举例子。举出实例进行说明，使内容具体化，叫举例子。《中国石拱桥》通过介绍赵州桥和芦沟桥，使人们具体了解中国石拱桥的特点，用的就是举例子的说明方法。

(4)列数字。用准确的数据说明事物的某些方面，这种方法叫列数字。如"笔全长13.5厘米，笔身约占3/5，笔帽约占2/5。顶端的活动小枢纽能自由伸出和缩进，像个乌**，长0.7厘米，笔挂长3.9厘米。"(《我的圆珠笔》)

(5)作比较。就是通过比较说明事物和事理。例如《苏州园林》中，用苏州园林建筑的不对称与我国古代宫殿和近代的一般住房的对称进行比较，突出苏州园林的自然之美。

(6)打比方。说明某些抽象的或者是人们比较陌生的事物，可以用具体的或者大家已经熟悉的事物和它比较，使读者通过比较得到具体而鲜明的印象。"石拱桥的桥洞成弧形，就像虹。"形象准确地说明了石拱桥的外形特征，这句话就用了打比方的说明方法。

(7)画图表。为了把复杂的事物说清楚，还可以采用图表法，来弥补单用文字表达的缺欠，对有些事物解说更直接、更具体。使读者直观，一目了然地了解事物的特征。

(8)引资料。资料的范围很广，可以是经典著作，名家名言，公式定律，典故谚语等。

(9)摹状貌。为了使被说明对象更形象、具体，可以进行状貌摹写，这种说明方法叫摹状貌。（和描写要区分开，两者虽一样，不过是在不同的文体中的。）

(10)作诠释。 从一个侧面，就事物的某一个特点做些解释，这种方法叫诠释法。

七、简单说明文的写作方法

1、必须抓住特征。所谓特征，就是指事物所具有的独特的地方。任何事物都有各自的特征，这也是它区别于其它事物的主要标志《活板》介绍我国古代的印刷术，就当时说："活板"这种印刷术的主要特征是"活"。因而文章在介绍中自始至终抓住了这个特征，把活板的印刷历史、制作方法和使用方法，介绍得十分清楚，使读者有了确切的了解。能不能抓住事物的特征，主要取决于作者对事物有没有细致的观察和深入的研究。

2、合理安排顺序。事物大多是具有复杂性的，必须从多方面去介绍，才能讲清楚它的特征。依据事物本身固有的条理，是将说明文写得条理清楚的根本保证。事物本身固有的条理顺序，一般说来，有以下几种：

(1)空间顺序。是指按照物品的空间方位进行说明。或由远及近，由近及远;或由内到外，由外到内;或由上到下，由下到上;或由前到后，由后到前等等。说明物品的形状、构造，一般采用这种顺序。

(2)时间顺序。是指按照时间发展的先后进行说明，先发生的先说，后发生的后说。说明事物发展变化的过程，往往采用这种顺序。如《看云识天气》中有一段描写天气的变化，由晴转阴，由阴转雨(雪)有时间先后的顺序，天空的云随着这个时间的推移，也变化着不同的形态：卷云--卷层云--雨层云。就是按时间先后的顺序写的。

(3)逻辑顺序。是指按照事物内部的联系和人们认识事物的规律来安排说明的顺序。由

整体到部分，由主要到次要，由浅入深，由简到繁，由具体到抽象，由现象到本质等，因此，说明文作者在考虑文章思路时也必须符合这些认识规律，才能使自己的文章正确地反映人们对客观世界的认识过程，同时又能适应读者的接受能力和欣赏习惯。如《大自然的语言》说明物候现象来临的因素，共写了三段：第一段说，"首先是纬度"，第二段指出，"经度的差异是影响物候第二个因素"，第三段指出，"影响物候的第三个因素是高下的差异"。这个层次顺序的安排，就是由主次决定的。

3、选择说明方法。说明事物的方法很多，我们选择什么样的说明方法要根据自己的文章而定，因为运用一些说明方法的目的，是为了更正确地说明事物。

4、语言描述准确。说明文的语言，和其它文体一样，都讲究用词准确，表述明白，这是写好各类文体章的基本要求。但是，说明文作为一种独立的文体，对文章的语言又有自己的特殊要求。说明文是以介绍知识为主的一种文体，无论是解说事物，还是阐明事理，都必须讲究科学性，按照客观事物的本来面目，老老实实地说清它们各自的特点和本质，既不允许虚构夸大，哗众取宠，也不允许艰深晦涩，佶屈聱牙。这样，说明文的语言就应该简洁明了，质朴无华，也就是语言要"平实"。

Once a year the Spring Festival is coming, everybody busy couplets, everybody is bursting with happiness atmosphere, very happy, our family is no exception, on the twenty-nine, I just got up, my mother called to my sister and couplets, we posted a big character in the central door, on both sides of the door posted couplets on the "Fu born Xi annual music" the second line is "rich suisui Tim Choi Huan" streamer is "Happy New Year" soon we posted a good, I look at my work very happy.

On New Years Eve, we put on new clothes and set off firecrackers with our sister. A "crackling" sound from our ears through, like thousands of households to send blessings, we are very happy. On the eve of new years Eve, we had dinner, and I watched the Spring Festival Gala with my father, mother and sister. That wonderful performance made my mood open, there was a cross talk, there was a sketch and a song and dance... Very pretty. But I like Xiao Shenyang? Ya egg? Zhao Benshan and the old finished "no money" is so fun.

Lunar New Years day I just woke up and found a gift money pillow, sister, we laugh, and we ate dumplings, went to grandmas home after worship, pay New Years call, grandparents, give us the gift money, but also to eat out, we eat, we are very happy.

I like the new year. Its good for the new year.

导语：一般来说朋友都能给人一种安全感以及依赖感，你的好朋友是什么样的人呢?下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

I have a good friend, we met each other when I was five years old. She is my neighbor and the first time I saw her, she smiled at me. It was her smile that made me feel she was a nice person to get along with. Indeed, she was a reliable friend. When I was in trouble, she would be the first person to give me a hand. Once I lost my key, when she heard, she tried hard to help me remember where I lost it. I am so lucky to have her as my friend. It is hard to meet someone who can make you feel safe and she is the one. She is the angel in my life.

【参考翻译】

我有一个好朋友。我五岁的时候我们就认识了。她是我的邻居，我第一次看到她时，她就朝我微笑。她的微笑，让我觉得她是一个好相处的人。实际上，她是一个可信赖的朋友。当我有困难的时候，她会第一个来帮助我。曾经有一次，我弄丢了我的钥匙，她听说这个事情后，就努力帮助我想起在哪里丢失。我很幸运拥有她作为我的朋友。找到一个可以使自己有安全感的人并不容易，对于我来说，她就是这样的一个人。她是我生命中的天使。

There are many television programs in Taiwan today, from TV aeries, quiz shows, soap operas, movies to cartoons. Of all the programs, I like to watch cartoons the best, like Cartoon network, Disney and many others. I like to watch cartoons because they are funny and very interesting, especially when I am sad, tired or bored. I also like cartoon characters. they are so cute and vivid. We must use our imagination when we watch cartoons. Because they are often exaggerated, so you need to have a sense of humor.

In China , tea has a very long history and has formed the Chinese tea

culture. At the same time, tea is beneficial to our health, thus it is well

received by many people. Chinese tea culture is both extensive and profound,

which not only contains the level of material culture, but also includes a deep

level of spiritual civilization. Referring to Chinese tea, we can trace it back

to ancient times, which flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties, Since then,

the spirit of tea has penetrated into the court and society, going deep into

Chinese poetry, painting, calligraphy , religion and medicine. For thousands of

years, China has accumulated a great deal of culture in tea cultivation and

production, moreover, enriching the spiritual culture of tea.

Last summer holiday, I visited to Xiamen with my parentsby plane. My

English teacher once told us that Xiamen is a beautiful city that worth of

visiting. We stayed there for four days. We lived in a small fishing village. On

the first day, we visited to Xiamen University and Nanputuo Temple. Xiamen

University is consideredas the most beautiful and romantic campus in China.

Indeed, its fantastic and its buildings are distinctive. On the second days, we

enjoyed the scenery of Jimei District. On the third day, We visited to Gulangyu.

Its amazing and I like it very much. There are many small specific stores.

However, the huge tourist visitors make the small island crowed. Anyway, it was

a pleasant trip.

China

has a very long and brilliant history, whose people are so friendly and

hospitable. But I am wondering why some people pay such little attention to the

environment and nature. In many places of the countryside, rivers have become

stinking sewers and brooks have disappeared. Heaps of garbage obstructs the

scarce flow of dirty water. The grounds are littered with plastic bottles and

bags. People are cutting down trees even though it is illegal. In some towns,

rubbish is hidden behind walls. Garbage cans are often of little use, making

cleaners must rush all day long and also by night to clean the rubbish.