检检讨书分几个部分通用20篇

通过这件事，我感到这虽然是一件偶然发生的事情，但同时也是长期以来对自己放松要求，工作做风涣散的必然结果，这种不良思潮的最直接表现就是自由散漫!在这件事中，我还感到，自己在工作责任心上仍就非常欠缺。在自己的思想中，仍就存在得过且过，混日子的应付思想。现在，我深深感到，这是一个非常危险的倾向!如果放任自己继续放纵和发展，那么，后果是极其严重的，甚至都无法想象会发生怎样的工作失误。我对我个人所犯下的这个严重错误感到痛心疾首，感到无比遗憾，感到非常可耻，感到无以复加的后悔与悲痛

此外，我也看到了这件事的恶劣影响，如果在工作中，大家都像我一样自由散漫，漫不经心，那怎么能及时把工作落实好.做好呢。同时，如果在我们这个集体中形成了这种目无组织纪律观念，不良风气 不文明表现，我们工作的提高将无从谈起，服务也只是纸上谈。因此，这件事的后果是严重的，影响是恶劣的。为了严肃法纪，也为了让公司广大员工从此不要再走我的老路犯下如我一样的罪行，我衷心希望公司全体员工以我为反面教材，拿我做一面黑色的镜子，每天对照自己检查自己，倘能如此，我想今后类似的悲剧就不会再上演，

我会以此次的检讨书作为一面镜子，时时检点自己，批评和教育自己，自觉接受监督。要知羞而警醒，知羞而奋进，亡羊补牢、化羞耻为动力，努力做到决不迟到，决不违反公司规章制度，决不做让领导失望的事，同时我也要通过这次事件，提高我的思想认识，强化我的时间观念。

今天,我怀着愧疚和懊悔给写下这份检讨书,表示我对迟到的不良行为,深刻认识改正错误的决心!在写这份检讨书的同时,我真正意识到这件事情的严重性和错误,我感到非常愧疚!再次，我这种行为还在公司同事间造成了极其坏的影响，破坏了公司的形象。同事之间本应该互相学习，互相促进，而我这种表现，给同事们开了一个不好的先例，不利于公司的作风建设，老大是非常的关心我们，爱护我们，所以我今后要听老大的话，充分领会理解老大对我们的要求，并保证以后努力要求自己.通过这件事情我深刻的感受到老大对我这种破坏部门制度的心情，使我心理感到非常的愧疚，感谢老大对我的这次深刻的教育。 我真诚地接受批评，并愿意接受处理。对于这一切我还将进一步深入总结，深刻反省，我保证以后不再无故迟到,恳请老大相信我能够记取教训、改正错误。

尊敬的各位领导：

您好~谢谢您能在百忙之中抽空看我写的检讨书!

*月*日，我擅自离开岗位旷工，虽然领导说，说出旷工的理由， 可是我觉得现在说理由，都只是托词，我不想再为自己的错误找任何借口， 那只能让我更加惭愧。我现在怀着十二万分的愧疚给您写下这份检讨书，以向您表示我对旷工这种恶劣行为的深痛恶绝及打死也不再旷工的决心。早在 我刚踏进厂区大门的时候，您就已经三令五申，一再强调，不得迟到，不得 旷工。其时，领导反复教导言犹在耳，严肃认真的表情犹在眼前，我深为震 撼，也已经深刻认识到此事的重要性，于是我一再告诉自己要把此事当成头 等大事来抓，不能辜负领导和管理组对我的一片苦心。 自己并没有好好的去 考虑我现在的责任，造成了现在的错误。对于我旷工的事情，所造成的严重后果如下：

1、 在同事中间造成了不良的影响。由于我一个人的旷工，有可能造成别人的 效仿，影响单位的纪律性。

2、 影响个人综合水平的提高，使自身在本能提高的条件下未能得到提高，使 得自己一直都在迷茫状态!

如今，大错既成，我深深懊悔不已。深刻检讨，认为深藏在本人思想中的致命 错误有以下几点： 思想觉悟不高，对重要事项重视严重不足。就算是有认识，也没能在行动 上真正实行起来。 思想觉悟不高的根本原因是因为本人对他人尊重不足。对待工作的思想观念不够深刻.不够正确.没有认识到现在的一份合适工作的机会是多么的难得和重要。

所以我决定有如下个人整改措施：

写份保质保量的检讨书一份!对自己思想上的错误根源进行深挖细找 的整理，并认清其可能造成的严重后果。 认真克服生活懒散、粗心大意的缺点，努力将工作做好，以优秀的表现来弥 补我的过错。经常和管理组加强沟通。保证不再出现上述错误 。

尊重的x书记：

这里，我只向您作出检查。由于您就是党的化身，亦是党。通过最近一段时光的学习跟深刻检查，我已意识到自己所犯过错的重大性。为了更好的发展今后的工作，锤炼和进步自己，将书本上的自己彻底毁灭，而替之以与事实接轨的自己。当初本着有则改之，无则加勉的恳切立场，向你及您所有的党委作出检讨。

一是工作经验欠缺，不适应工作，并且在种种起因下，越发不能接收这种让我灵魂不得安定的工作现状。今天，我痛定思痛，按照纪委书记和人大主席的谈话精力，在今后的工作中，首先要保持自己的寻求，并且要对残存在我思维深处的幻想主义分子彻底清除，不让其有仰头蔓延之空间，让自己整整洁齐地本性难移，变成一个对党，对社会“有用”的人，而非“无用”的人;其次，要积聚对工作有利和有良的经验，并将这种有益和有良的经验应用到实际工作中去。

二是纪律性不强，自在主义泛滥。因为各种不适应，加之自由主义在心中作怪，才犯下了今天这样严峻的毛病。在今后的工作中，要严厉依照规矩办事，当真遵照单位的规章轨制和组织纪律，做到早请示、晚汇报。在尽力工作的同时，要绝不留情地革除掉暗藏于我身各个角落的自由主义成分。一如既往信任“不以规则，难成方圆”这一古训。通过这次事件的产生，给我教训最大也是震憾我灵魂最深的经验只有一句话：无论做事仍是做人，都要安分守纪。也只有安分守己，方可成圆。

通过此次教训，我将当作极其可贵的教训财产加以汲取，并深入铭刻于心，时常警醒本人。

此致

敬礼

检讨人：某某某

尊敬的XXX老师：

首先我为今天上午犯下的错误深刻的悔过，今天早上由于自己的懒惰，就缺席了1-2节的中国经典文学，在班里面造成了严重的影响，经过老师的教导，我知道了自己错误之所在，为自己的行为感到了深深地愧疚和不安，早在我刚踏进这个学校的时候，学校以及学院就已经三令五申，一再强调，作为一个大学的学生，上课不应该迟到，不应该旷课。然而现在，我却旷课了。

老师反复教导言犹在耳，严肃认真的表情犹在眼前，我深为震撼，也已经深刻认识到此事的重要性，于是我一再告诉自己要把此事当成头等大事来抓，不能辜负老师对我们的一片苦心，但是，在实际的生活中，由于个人的惰性，我还是把老师的谆谆教诲抛于脑后。今天写下这份检讨书，不仅是因为一个学校纪律处理的程序需要，更确切的来说，是想通过这份检讨，来让自己牢记老师们的教诲，更让自己时刻敲响警钟!

我不想找任何的理由来为自己开脱，因为错了，就是错了，找理由来逃避，只会使自己越陷越深。推卸责任容易变成一种习惯，而这种习惯养成了就难以去改变了。旷课，不是一件小事。杜老师找我谈话的时候，我感到很愧对老师，更愧对我的家人。进大学的以后，什么都觉得很新鲜，觉得自己有股冲劲，这个世界上就没有自己干不成的事情，于是在生活学习中，对自己要求不严格，随意放纵自己。像墙头的野草，风往哪面就想哪边倒，一段时间对什么有兴趣觉得有意思就去忙乎什么，干事情总是三分钟的热度，连最重要的学习都落下了，纪律也散漫了。这种状态一直持续着，我现在都大二了，直到现在我才感觉自己清醒了些。现在，本在申请灾区减免学费的我本应该对自己更加严格的时候，我却堕落起来，为此我感到十分的羞愧，因为这样的错误是愚蠢的。毕竟，想得到这些帮助是需要自己努力的，需要的是一个品学兼优的学生，所以我为此深刻检讨自己。

由于以前也发生过此类状况，受到了老师的批评，所以这些心里十分的难受，觉得辜负了老师对自己的谆谆教导，浪费了老师的精力和时间，我实在是不该，但是这次老师却没有对我发火，并且耐心的劝说我，使我深刻地反省自己的错误，我觉得非常愧疚，此次的反省尤为深刻，使我觉得改正错误是件刻不容缓的事情，经过几个小时的深思，我决定以以下的行为向老师表达自己认错的决心：

1、向老师认错，写检查书。既然自己已经犯了错，我就应该去面对，要认识到自己的错误，避免以后犯同样的错误。

2、提高纪律性。我应该认真学习学校的校规校纪，并且做到自觉遵守。不迟到，不早退，不旷课。有事应该先向老师请假。

3.提高自己的思想觉悟。对各门课程都应该引起重视，并且要养成良好的学习和生活作风。

4.‘学会正确处理问题。以后遇到事情需要冷静的处理，凡事需要三思而后行，多角度的权衡利弊，不能再像以前一样冲动行事，这一点对于自己无论是做人，还是做事都是很重要的。对于自己以前所犯的错误，我已经深刻的认识到了它的严重性，特写下这篇检讨，让老师提出批评，并希望得到老师的原谅。并且向老师保证我以后将不会再犯以上的错误，特别是不会再无故旷课了。希望老师能够给我一次改正的机会，并且真心的接受老师的批评和教诲。同时希望老师在往后的时光里能够监督我，提醒我。我一定不会再让老师失望了。

5、 制定学习计划，认真克服生活懒散、粗心大意的缺点，努力将期考考好，以好成绩来弥补我的过错。

我不想像许多人那样写虚伪的检讨，检讨只是一份死物，改正错误不是靠写检讨，而是靠实际行动!只有真真切切认识到自己的错误，才能改正错误。任何事情都有一个过程，改正错误也有一个过程，而这份检讨将是我的一个监督，一个警钟，监督我一步一步踏踏实实地改正所犯的错误!同时真心希望老师给我机会，能够理解我。不要因为这次我的错误再给我一次处分，因为我一定用自己的行动来证明自己的觉醒，绝对不辜负你们的一片苦心!

检讨人：XXX

XXXX年XX月XX日

尊敬的市委领导：

在这里，我想您作出深刻的检讨。通过最近一段时间深刻反省，我已认识到自己所犯错误的严重性。我最近严重违反组织纪律，于2xxx年8月17日到23日，计划组织镇属干部职工25人分三批次到重庆第三军医大附属的新桥医院进行健康体检，造成了部分干部、特别是主要领导干部出现脱岗现象。现在我悔恨至极，认识到这种做法是极其错误的，我要诚恳地向领导认错，并作出深刻的检查，在今后的工作中痛下决心，认真改正。

我之所以做出这种错事，原因还是出在思想上。当时错误的认为，没经上报不是什么大事情，反正都一是样的做体检，上不上报没什么所谓，特别是造成了部分干部和主要领导脱岗的情况，在思想上放松了警惕。实际上，这不是一件小事情，是严重违纪、违规行为。这说明我思想上还没有真正跟党中央保持一致，，对自己要求不严，没有按照党风廉正建设要求约束自己，没有把人民的利益放在首位，时刻打着自己的小算盘，想沾光，图便宜。总认为自己是一名入党多年的老党员，老干部了，为人民工作多年，没有功劳也有苦劳，去体检无非是图经济上的便宜，在政治上还是清白的，没有大不了的事，却没想到，，这是跟党的原则是不相符的，违背了自己的入党誓言，忘记了作为一名共产党员只有国家的利益，只有人民的利益，而绝对不能有共产党人的个人私利。这说明自己长时间来，放松学习，对自己要求不严格，没有牢记全心全意为人民服务这个党的一贯宗旨，一遇到事就打自己的小算盘，在经济上犯错，辜负了党对我的教育和培养。

这次的教训是深刻的，我一定要记住这个惨痛的教训，保证在今后的工作中认真改正。我今后一定要加强努力学习，特别是学习反腐倡廉和党风廉洁方面的文件与政策，一定要养成良好的生活作风与健康的生活情趣，以抵御各种腐败思想的侵蚀;要不断强化自身修养，模范遵守社会公德、职业道德、传统美德，以屏弃不良小节;要自重、自省、自警、自励，以抵御权利、金钱、美女的诱惑，做到一个共产党人应有的高风亮节和人格魅力。

我深刻认识到廉洁奉公不仅事关政府工作的健康发展，而且关系到民心向背，影响着政府各项工作的落实。做到廉洁奉公既是党和政府的要求，人民群众的希望，也是我们每个共产党人的起码道德要求。我要十分重视廉洁奉公，始终把它当作一项重要工作来抓，每时每刻都要做到廉洁奉公，决不跟腐败风气沾边，注意从日常小事上维护自己的形象，铭记“千里之堤，溃于蚁穴”的古训，不忘“人生是施与不是索取”的哲言，做一名人民群众满意的干部。

一、要加强理论学习和党性锻炼，提高自己的思想和精神境界

我将把这次问题的整改，与当前正在开展的学习实践科学发展观活动紧密结合起来，认真开展一次集中整顿，并且响应党的号召，跟上时代的步伐，不断学习新的知识和理念，而且终身学习是21世纪首选的生存策略，任何人都没有什么“老本”可吃，必须常“补钙”、常“健脑”、常“充电”，不断提高学习能力，学习党在十一届三中全会上提出的“坚持以人为本，树立全面、协调、可持续的发展观，促进经济社会和人的全面发展”。 在学习实践科学发展观活动中坚持把学习贯彻始终，坚持先学一步，多学一点，深学一点，当好表率。作为党委书记要以身作则，加强学习，树立正确的人生观、价值观和权力观，端正思想作风，提升思想境界，模范遵守国家和政府有关廉洁从业的各项规定。

一个人如果平时不学习，放松了自我教育，久而久之就会忘记了自己的职责，思想上就会慢慢放松警惕，贪欲的思想可能就会逐渐滋长。学习对我们来说是很重要和必要的，通过政治理论学习可不断提高人的思想境界，淘冶人的情操，但有的人平时常以工作忙，没空等理由而不参加集体政治理论学习，这样不利于提高自己的思想觉悟。一个人经常不学习头脑很容易产生麻木，逐渐丧失警惕性，从而可能向犯罪迈出第一步。所以政治理论学习只能加强不能放松，作为一个党委书记更要挤出时间自觉参加政治学习，这样才能在思想上筑好防腐第一道防线。

二、要端正职业道德，增强道德观念

一个人如果没有良好的职业道德，就不会去干好本职工作，心思也不会放在单位发展上，而是会想方设法如何为自己捞好处，见利就图，有乐就亨，这种人最终不但害了自己，也害了单位。我们作为一名政府党委书记，能做到岗位来之不易，要好好珍惜，不要把岗位当作捞钱的本钱，为一时的贪欲而毁了自己。所以一定要端正好从业道德思想，要有道德廉耻观念，严守职业道德底线，在人生上要淡泊名利，淡定从容面对一切;在工作上要向上对得起政府向下对得起员工，尽心尽力为政府发展干好本职工作。

三、要知足常乐，保持平衡心态

作为政府的党委书记，个人的收入在政府中属于中上以上的，比上不足比下有余，知足者为乐，不要一味去攀比虚荣、奢华，欲望是没有止境的。不要老把报酬看第一位。人活着不能一直欲望金钱、一味追求虚荣和奢华，这样会为了一时贪欲而断送前程，连累家庭、政府，因一失足而成千古恨。要知足常乐，俗话说：为人不贪一身轻松。

四、要管住小节，守好自己的情操和品质

现在有的人认为这个年代吃吃喝喝不算啥，收点小礼没什么，生活作风随便一点不要太认真。这些人正是平时在小事小节上放松了自我约束，忘记了自己的职责，从很多反腐教育反面教育片和教材来看，许多政府人员走上犯罪道路，正是从“小恩小惠”、小节开始，慢慢放松警惕，一步一步被拖下水，最后成为阶下囚。从这些人的身上为我们敲响了警钟，我们要从这些反面教材跟吸取教训，并以此为戒，时时保持清醒的头脑，防止因小节不保而酿成大错。做到见诱惑心不动，见财物心不痒，君子取财取之有道，不是我们劳动所得就不要拿，要用健康的体魄、好的心态去干好我们的工作，拿我们该拿的劳动所得，与妻子孩子共享家庭快乐。

五、杜绝同类问题再次发生

我将严格按照制度以及上级的工作要求，切实加强日常工作监管，及时发现工作出现的不良倾向和苗头，将问题消除在萌芽状态，防患于未然，杜绝此类事件的再次发生。

最后，我恳请市委领导们，谅我初次违纪，并已下决心痛改前非，对我这次违纪给予宽大处理。我一定努力工作，将功补过，望市委慎重考验我。

检讨人：xxx

xxxx年xx月xx日

敬爱的老师：您好!

在此，我诚恳地向您检讨我的错误行为，希望能得到您的原谅。在月考的时候，我看了旁边的同学的答案，而这道题我又确实不会做，而且我们平时关系也比较好，又是月考，觉得也没什么，所以就看了他的试卷。通过事后老师的教育，我自己的反思，我现在认识到这个行为是非常错误的。

这样做破坏了考场的纪律，现在我认识到，无论是怎样，只要是作弊，就都违反了考场纪律，考试无论大小，都应该是严肃的，只要是违纪，都是不应该的。

其次，这样做不仅自己没有进步，还会让自己以后产生依赖性，现在我认识到，这种做法是不对的。如果我真的想要获得好成绩，应该是在考试之外的时候认真刻苦的学习，而不是去看被人的答案，考场上的这种行为，一方面是一次性的，并不能让我真正学会，而且还有可能使我养成不良的考试习惯。

所以，这样做真的很不应该。我觉得这件事暴露了我在思想上还有很多需要改进的地方.

现在我真的很庆幸老师能及时地发现我的问题，给与我警醒和教育，如果我不是在现在，而是在真正的大考中出了事，就会真正影响我一生了。

在这里，我向老师，也向所有人郑重承诺我今后一定不会再做这种事情，一定严守纪律、端正态度，争取在学习上取得更大的进步。也希望大家能继续监督我，帮助我，使我能沿着正确的道路前进，谢谢!

考试作弊检讨书二：

这次犯错误，自己想了很多东西，反省了很多的事情，自己也很懊悔，很气自己，去触犯学校的铁律，也深刻认识到自己所犯错误的严重性，对自己所犯的错误感到了羞愧。

学校一开学就三令五申，一再强调校规校纪，提醒学生不要违反校规，可我却没有把学校和老师的话放在心上，没有重视老师说的话，没有重视学校颁布的重要事项，当成了耳旁风，这些都是不应该的。也是对老师的不尊重。应该把老师说的话紧记在心，把学校颁布的校规校纪紧急在心。

事后，我冷静的想了很久，我这次犯的错误不仅给自己带来了麻烦，耽误自己的学习。而且我这种行为给学校也造成了及其坏的影响,破坏了学校的管理制度.在同学们中间也造成了不良的影响。由于我一个人的犯错误，有可能造成别的同学的效仿，影响班级纪律性，年级纪律性，对学校的纪律也是一种破坏，而且给对自己抱有很大期望的老师，家长也是一种伤害，也是对别的同学的父母的一种不负责任。每一个学校都希望自己的学生做到品学兼优，全面发展，树立良好形象，也使我们的学校有一个良好形象。每一个同学也都希望学校给自己一个良好的学习环境来学习，生活。包括我自己也希望可以有一个良好的学习环境，但是一个良好的学习环境靠的是大家来共同维护来建立起来的，而我自己这次却犯了错误，去破坏了学校的良好环境，是很不应该的，若每一个同学都这样犯错，那么是不会有良好的学习环境形成，对违反校规的学生给予惩罚也是应该的，我在家也待了半个月了，自己想了很多，也意识到自己犯了很严重错误，我知道，造成如此大的损失，我应该为自己的犯的错误付出代价，我也愿意要承担尽管是承担不起的责任，尤其是作在重点高校接受教育的人，在此错误中应负不可推卸的主要责任。我真诚地接受批评，并愿意接受学校给予的处理。

对不起,老师!我犯的是一个严重的原则性的问题。我知道，老师对于我的犯校规也非常的生气。我也知道，对于学生，不触犯校规，不违反纪律，做好自己的事是一项最基本的责任，也是最基本的义务。但是我却连最基本的都没有做到。如今,犯了大错,我深深懊悔不已。我会以这次违纪事件作为一面镜子时时检点自己，批评和教育自己，自觉接受监督。我要知羞而警醒，知羞而奋进，亡羊补牢、化羞耻为动力，努力学习。我也要通过这次事件，提高我的思想认识，强化责任措施。

自己还是很想好好学习的，学习对我来是最重要的，对今后的生存，就业都是很重要的，我现在才很小 ，我还有去拼搏的能力。我还想在拼一次，在去努力一次，希望老师给予我一个做好学生的一个机会，我会好好改过的，认认真真的去学习 ，那样的生活充实，这样在家也很耽误课程，学校的课程本来就很紧，学起来就很费劲，在今后的学习生活中，我一定会好好学习，各课都努力往上赶。

记得刚进入学校时，班主任老师和副班主任对我抱有很大的期望，学习还能接受，可在纪律方面却出现了问题，在学校三令五申的铁律下，在严明校纪校规的大环境下，我犯下这么严重的错误，学校对我是应该严惩的，我不知多少次大声说，校长，老师我错了，我错了。妈妈，爸爸我错了，我错了。在这半月中，我每天还是按时就起床,想想我在学校也生活了近两年了。对学校已有很深的感情，在今后学校的我，会已新的面貌，出现在学校，不在给学校和年级还有我的班主任摸黑。无论在学习还是在别的方面我都会用校规来严格要求自己，我会把握这次机会。将它当成我人生的转折点，老师是希望我们成为社会的栋梁，所以我在今后学校的学习生活中更加的努力，不仅把老师教我们的知识学好，更要学好如何做人。

犯了这样的错误，对于家长对于我的期望也是一种巨大的打击，家长辛辛苦苦挣钱，让我们可以生活的比别人优越一些，好一些，让我们可以全身心的投入到学习中去。但是，我犯的错误却违背了家长的心愿，也是对家长心血的一种否定，我对此很惭愧。

相信老师看到我这个态度也可以知道我对这次事件有很深刻的悔过态度，相信我的悔过之心，我的行为不是向老师的纪律进行挑战，是自己的一时失足，希望老师可以原谅我的错误，我也会向你保证此事不会再有第二次发生。

对于这一切我还将进一步深入总结，深刻反省，恳请老师相信我能够记取教训、改正错误，把今后的事情加倍努力干好。同时也真诚地希望老师能继续关心和支持我，并却对我的问题酌情处理。

尊敬的历史老师：

您的谆谆教导，您的慈眉善目，您的呕心沥血，再面对我的历史考试不及格，常规选择十六道选择题目只对个(统一选择了C)，解答题基本全军覆没的情况，我心中冉冉生出一股强烈愧疚情绪，导致我在接受您批评时候内心陷入了痛苦纠结，眼泪冷不丁得就在眼眶里打滚。

面对43分这样的悲惨分数。。。我对天呐喊“我错了!我对不起您，我辜负了您”面对这一结果，我真的不知道该怎么说好。我想起了您第一天上课时候跟我们说过的话：“历史是很重要的，不学历史必当自吃败果”。是啊，现如今我已经迟到了败果。

您的挑灯夜读，您的呕心沥血，您在深夜还凿壁偷光得为我们批改历史作文，布置整理教案，您那伟大的身影都给我留下深刻印象，叫我在一个又一个暴风雨的夜晚对天呐喊：“我错了，我对不起您。”

我知道现在已经考差了，我再说什么都是无济于事的，我的“三寸不烂之舌”在如今也显得“毫无施展之地”。可是我知道只有通过下学期的勤奋努力，实实在在地提供我的历史成绩，才是最好的一份检讨。

违纪了?又要写检讨书?不要担心，聘大信息网为您提供检讨书范文，让您不再被检讨书烦扰。该出手时就出手，做一个真正的自己吧。下面出聘大信息网就提供一个屡试不爽的检讨书模板。希望能够帮助到大家。

在家的这几天，我深深地认识到我错了。虽然这次事件我本人发现的及时，但也离不开其他同事共同的协助补救，才没有给公司造成不良后果，在此我要感谢他们对我的帮助。但我明白这不等于侥幸过关，也不是所有事情都会如此幸运。因为不总结经验，仍然逃避问题，是无济于事的。犯错误不怕，可怕的是犯同样的错误。我没有很好的吸取上一次的教训，产生了麻痹大意的思想，接受批评并在这里检讨一下：

1、 从公司层面上说，对于我们这个正在逐渐发展壮大的企业，任何人的任何疏忽过错都可能对公司造成不良的后果。公司正在步入正轨，深知我这样的低级错误将要造成的严重后果。一旦受到处罚是任何人都不能承担也承担不起的。经过公司这么多年的努力，无论从规模、业绩还是管理上都取得了较好的成绩，但工作仍然是公司这个正在高速运转的机器中薄弱的环节，它经不起任何闪失;权利也是公司重要的资源，每个人都应该维护好它，不能让公司的《工作规范》仅仅挂在墙上，也要牢记在我的心里，我应该检讨一下。

2、 从个人层面上说，我作为一名老员工、小组负责人，没能给其他同事起到带头作用。深知这次事件是个多么严重的失职。工作繁杂琐碎，工作量大都不应该是我犯错误的借口。既然接受了这份工作，就应该承担这份工作带来的压力。工作本来就需要认真仔细，容不得半点疏忽，应该时刻小心谨慎，不能有任何的松懈，我应该检讨一下。

通过认真的检讨我也发现了工作中的一些不足，愿在今后的工作中加以改进，希望领导监督指正：

1、 资料经手必做登记,不能怕麻烦;

2、 与其他同事多沟通，勤询问，做到与对接人信息畅通;

3、 资料分类清晰，一目了然;

4、 设立工作进度表

做好本职工作，爱岗敬业不能总挂在嘴上，要落实到每天的工作中，每团的工作上。通过这次检讨我也体会到领导对我的一片良苦用心，是想用这件事对我敲响警钟，鞭策我在今后的工作中更加细致认真。我也应该时刻牢记此事，让警钟长鸣。我要端正态度，认真总结，用我的细心、耐心、责任心来很好的开展今后的工作，请领导监督。

检讨人：聘大信息科技网

敬爱的X老师：

我怀着十二万分的愧疚以及十二万分的懊悔向你们写下这份检讨书，我为自己的行为感到了深深地愧疚和不安，在此，我向老师做出深刻检讨：

通过这件事，我感到这虽然是一件偶然发生的事情，但同时也是长期以来对考试纪律不重视的必然结果。自己身为学生，应该严以律已，对自己严格要求!然而自己却不能正确地帮助同学，给其他同学带来了恶劣的影响;虽然自己并非有意。可是，由于自己的错误，给学校风气带来了严重的不良影响，后果不堪设想~~~这也说明，我对自己的学习生活没有足够的自律心，也没有把学校要求切实做到，没有真正理解学校和老师良苦用心。在自己的思想中，没有对“义气”有真正的理解。现在，我深深感到，这是一个非常危险的倾向，也是一个极其重要的苗头。

因此，这次发生的事使我不仅感到是自己的耻辱，更为重要的是我感到对不起老师对我的信任，愧对老师的关心。

同时，要诚心的谢谢老师，如果不是老师及时发现，并要求自己深刻反省，而帮助其他同学继续放纵和发展，那么，后果是极其严重的。因此，通过这件事，在深感痛心的同时，我也感到了幸运，感到了自己觉醒的及时，这在我今后的人生成长道路上，无疑是一次关键的转折。所以，在此，我在向老师做出检讨的同时，也向您表示发自内心的感谢。

发生这件事后，希望自己的错误，给其他敲响同学警钟。同时，我请求老师再给我一次机会，在以后的学习生活中，我会通过自己的行动来表示自己的觉醒，做一个严于律己的好学生，请老师相信我!

时间，是这个世界上最宝贵最公平也是最无法挽回的东西。

一寸光阴一寸金，寸金难买寸光阴。

这个道理我们每个人都懂，从小就不断有父母、老师这样教育我们。

所以，我觉得很有必要而且也是应该向各位所领导做出这份书面检讨，让我自己深深的反省一下自己的错误。对不起,各位所领导!我犯的是一个严重的原则性的错误。我知道，各位所领导对于我的无故迟到是非常的生气。我也知道，对于派出所的一名工作人员，保证每天按时上班是一项最基本的责任，也是最基本的义务。但是我却连最基本的都没有做到。事后，我冷静的想了很久，我渐渐的认识到自己将要为自己的冲动付出代价了。各位所领导反复教导言犹在耳,严肃认真的表情犹在眼前,我深为震撼,也已经深刻的认识到事已至此的重要性。如今,大错既成,我深深懊悔不已。深刻检讨,认为在本人的思想中已深藏了致命的错误:思想觉悟不高,本人对他人的尊重不够,以后我将对各位所领导有更多的尊重.对重要事项重视严重不足。平时生活作风懒散,如果不是因为过于懒散也不至于如此。

再次抛除诸如住所的太远、容易堵车等一切所谓的客观原因，我认为这只能说明我的工作态度还不够认真，对工作的责任心不够，没有把自己的工作做好，在自己的思想中仍旧有着得过且过，混日子的应付思想，这种不良思想只能说明我自由散漫，只顾自己，置单位规定的原则于不顾，自私自利。我对我个人犯下的这个错误感到后悔与遗憾。明知道开会，住所里离得远就应该提前出门，把所有能阻碍自己准时到达单位的情况都考虑到，这样才不会迟到，但是自己还是慢吞吞的，把个人困难凌驾于单位规章制度上，这是很不应该的，我应该以此为戒，努力做到不再犯这种错误。

为了更好的认识错误，也是为了各位所领导你能够相信我能够真正的改正自己的错误，保证不再重犯，我将自己所犯的错误归结如下：

思想上的错误：是对工作的重视不够。对于这一点，我开始反省的时候并没有太在意，但是，经过深刻的反省，我终于认识到了，这个错误才是导致我迟到的重要原因。试问：如果我很注重，我自己会无故随意迟到吗?这个错误也反映到了我平时没有注重，但是这对于自己来说，却是一个严重的错误。对于单位的每一项工作，我们作为学生就更应该去认真去把它做好。。。

我是临床系08级三班的学生，由于在今天的四级考试中利用飞信接收答案已构成作弊行为，被监考老师当场抓获，被抓后我无心考试想的很多，知道自己已经放的一个很大的错误，将会面对什么，但是我知道不管会接受到什么处分我都会接受。

我知道我今天的行为不光彩，就算过的又怎么样，想到被人都是自己的努力才拿到证书，而我却是通过不光彩的方法拿到一张空的证明书。我今天的行为不仅是我自己阴影，也给我们系丢脸的，想到我们班的同学他们平时多么努力的复习英语，而我考试却投机取巧 心存侥幸想蒙骗过关。最后沦为这种地步也是自找的。让自己成为的一个不诚实的人。 天网恢恢，疏而不漏。首先感谢黄主任对我们学生负责监考严明，让我认识的自己的错误，让我能早点改正。还要上系领导道歉，因为我的事情让我，在你们百忙之中来打扰你们。谢谢你们的教育我会好好改正不会让你们失望，在以后的日子里希望你们多多指导，我相信在你们的教育和指导下我会一步步成为一个优秀的大学生，一个合格的社会公民。

不打架是我们每个学生应该做的,也是中华民族的优良传统美德。下面是小编给大家整理的关于学生打架检讨书的内容，欢迎大家查看。

尊敬的校领导:

我是X年级X班XXX,因为打架被学校给予记过处分,当时犯下严重的错误。学习,是靠平时的积累和刻苦才获得收获的。之前的我没有形成很好的纪律观念和学习观念,班主任工作太忙,有许多事情还要处理,而我不但给班主任惹了麻烦,我还有什么理由不呢!

对不起,老师!我犯的是一个严重的原则性的问题。我知道,老师对于我的无故打架也非常的生气。我也知道,对于学生,保证上学不打架是一项最基本的责任,也是最基本的义务。但是我却连最基本的都没有做到。事后,我冷静的想了很久,我渐渐的认识到自己将要为自己的冲动付出代价了。老师反复教导言犹在耳,严肃认真的表情犹在眼前,我深为震撼,也已经深刻的认识到事已至此的重要性: 不打架是我们每个学生应该做的,也是中华民族的优良传统美德,可是我作为当代的学生却没有好好的把它延续下来。我们都在无知中遗失了它们,不明白自己的上学目的……而且我明白,没有任何理由可以为打架开脱!我们只有认认真真思考人生有那么多事要做,那么多的担子要挑,就没有理由打架了。我们要更加有集体荣誉感,因为保持良好的生活作风不仅是为了自己,也对同学老师要负责任!我一定好好反省,要团结为班级争光. 如今,大错既成,我深深懊悔不已。深刻检讨,认为在本人的思想中已深藏了致命的错误:思想觉悟不高,本人对他人的尊重不够,以后我将对老师同学有更多的尊重.对重要事项重视严重不足。再次,我这种行为还在学校同学间造成了及其坏的影响,破坏了学校的形象。同学之间本应该互相学习,互相促进,互相监督,而我这种表现,给同学们带了一个坏头,不利于班级的学风建设。同时这个处分给我敲响了警钟,我幡然醒悟,人品比所获得的知识多少更为重要,犯了错误就要受到处罚,所以学校给我处分之后,我深深的谴责着自己的所作所为,经过一段时间我深刻的反醒,我对自己的错误感到追悔莫及,平时生活作风懒散,如果不是因为过于懒散也不至于如此。

还有我犯了这样的错误,对于家长对我的期望也是一种很大的打击,家长辛苦的赚钱,让我们孩子可以生活的好一点,让我们可以全身心的投入到学习当中,可是,我却违背了家长的心意,我犯了这样的错误,简直是对于家长心血的否定,我对此也感到很惭愧,家长的劳累是我们所不知道的,每天为了生存而忙碌,为了家庭而承受着巨大的压力,这一切的一切都是我们所不能够了解的,我们唯一可以做的就是做他们的乖孩子,听从家长的话,家长是我们最亲的人,也是我们在现在这个社会上最可以信任的人,所以我们就要尽量的避免家长生气,不给他们带来不必要的烦恼。而我们作为他们最亲的人也不能够惹他们生气,这个都是相互的,当我们伤害到他们的心时,也是对于自己心的伤害,因为我们是最亲的人。没有任何人可以取代。

所以我只有认真反思,寻找错误后面的深刻根源,认清问题的本质,才能给集体和自己一个交待,从而得以进步。为了更好的认识错误,也是为了让老师你能够相信学生我能够真正的改正自己的错误,保证不再重犯,我将自己所犯的错误归结如下:

思想上的错误:对于自己的日常行为的重视不够。对于这一点,我开始反省的时候并没有太在意,但是,经过深刻的反省,我终于认识到了,这个错误才是导致我打架的重要原因。试问:如果我很重视自己的日常行为,我自己会随意打架吗?这个错误也反映到了我平时没有打架的时候。很多时候,往往我并没有自始自终的保持严谨的作风,这种行为虽然没有扰乱同学和老师的教与学,但是这对于自己来说,却是一个严重的错误。对于学校的每一条规矩都有学校的理由,我们作为学生就更应该去认真执行,并坚决不触犯。同时,我也深深明的到:人无完人,每个人都有自己做错事的时候,重要的是自己犯了错误后如何改过自身,所以此后,我一定严格要求自己。

我将有以下改造:请老师监督我，思想上,我重新检讨自己,坚持从认识上,从观念上转变,要求上进,关心集体,关心他人,多和优秀同学接触,交流。纪律上,现在我一定要比以前要有了很大改变,现在的我对自己的言行,始终保持严格的约束,不但能遵守校规校纪,更加懂得了身为一名学生哪些事可以做的,哪些是不可以做的。学习上,我可以不避困难,自始至终为掌握更多知识,使自己的素质全面得到提升。我会以这次违纪事件作为一面镜子时时检点自己,批评和教育自己,自觉接受监督。我要知羞而警醒,知羞而奋进,亡羊补牢、化羞耻为动力,努力学习。我也要通过这次事件,提高我的思想认识,强化责任措施。打架对我们的学习是百害而无一利的,我今后要看干有助于学习的事情。我已经深刻的认识到自己的错误,对老师作出最深刻的反思和最深刻的检讨。并保证以后不会发生这样的情况。

为了老师辛苦地花了平常所没有的,大量时间和大量耐性给我的教导,为了不再让老师和我丧失宝贵的时间,我依循老师写了这份检讨,检讨自己的错误,怀着沉重复杂的心情写这篇检讨,但如果写得不好,只能怪自己,老师,我已经深深认识到了自己的错误,也由衷的希望您能原凉我,我将用实际行动报答您对我的信任,再次向您表达我的歉意!

此致敬礼

检讨人:xxx

20xx年x月x日

通过这件事，我感到这虽然是一件偶然发生的事情，但同时也是长期以来对自己放松要求，工作做风涣散的必然结果，这种不良思潮的最直接表现就是自由散漫!在这件事中，我还感到，自己在工作责任心上仍就非常欠缺，在自己的思想中，仍就存在得过且过，混日子的应付思想。现在，我深深感到，这是一个非常危险的倾向!如果放任自己继续放纵和发展，那么，后果是极其严重的，甚至都无法想象会发生怎样的工作失误。我对我个人所犯下的这个严重错误感到痛心疾首，感到无比遗憾，感到非常可耻，感到无以复加的后悔与悲痛

此外，我也看到了这件事的恶劣影响，如果在工作中，大家都像我一样自由散漫，漫不经心，那怎么能及时把工作落实好.做好呢。同时，如果在我们这个集体中形成了这种目无组织纪律观念，不良风气 不文明表现，我们工作的提高将无从谈起，服务也只是纸上谈。因此，这件事的后果是严重的，影响是恶劣的。为了严肃法纪，也为了让公司广大员工从此不要再走我的老路犯下如我一样的罪行，我衷心希望公司全体员工以我为反面教材，拿我做一面黑色的镜子，每天对照自己检查自己，倘能如此，我想今后类似的悲剧就不会再上演，

我会以此次的检讨书作为一面镜子，时时检点自己，批评和教育自己，自觉接受监督，

要知羞而警醒，知羞而奋进，亡羊补牢、化羞耻为动力，努力做到决不迟到，决不违反公司规章制度，决不做让领导失望的事，同时我也要通过这次事件，提高我的思想认识，强化我的时间观念。

今天,我怀着愧疚和懊悔给写下这份检讨书,表示我对迟到的不良行为,深刻认识改正错误的决心!在写这份检讨书的同时,我真正意识到这件事情的严重性和错误,我感到非常愧疚!再次，我这种行为还在公司同事间造成了极其坏的影响，破坏了公司的形象。同事之间本应该互相学习，互相促进，而我这种表现，给同事们开了一个不好的先例，不利于公司的作风建设，老大是非常的关心我们，爱护我们，所以我今后要听老大的话，充分领会理解老大对我们的要求，并保证以后努力要求自己.通过这件事情我深刻的感受到老大对我这种破坏部门制度的心情，使我心理感到非常的愧疚，感谢老大对我的这次深刻的教育。 我真诚地接受批评，并愿意接受处理。对于这一切我还将进一步深入总结，深刻反省，我保证以后不再无故迟到,恳请老大相信我能够记取教训、改正错误。

尊敬的老师:

您好!

今天的我做了学生不应该做的事，那就是旷课。在xx课上，我没有像别的同学一样坐在座位上安静的听讲，认真的写笔记。而是(写上你为什么逃课的原因)。所以我写下检讨书，检讨我今天的错误行为。

其实我深知爸爸妈妈送我到学校读书是很不容易的事情，但是我今天做了这样的事情，我觉得对父母很过意不去。因为在偏远的山区，许多孩子还没有读书的机会，有的孩子还是穿着简陋的皮草鞋徒步跑一公里才来到学校上课。而如今的我有这么好的条件我却没有珍惜，我真的觉得这样做是不对的。

还有对不起的人就是老师。你们每天起早贪黑的工作，就是希望我们有一个好的成绩，可以考上好的学校，将来可以趾高气昂的生活下去。而今天在您给同学上课时，我却没有在座位上聆听您的教导。我真的觉得这样做是不对的。

现在的我一直在放纵自己，一直认昨天的事情还可以今天来做，所以我贪婪的将玩放在首位，自然的学习也就在它之后，其实我明白学生的本职就是学习，好好的学习，而不是逃课去追求精神上的慰藉。但我还是自身要求不严，没有克制住自己。我真的觉得这样做是不对的。

所以。尊敬的老师，请再给我一次机会吧。我会认真反省我的过错，我会认真的学习《学生日常行为规范》，争做老师眼里的好学生。

检讨人：xxx

日期：xxxx年xx月xx日

我由于在考试的时候写答案给我别的同学，造成了作弊行为，当时监考老师对我进行了教育，但是本人还未认识到这件事情的严重性，于是监考老师将此事告知系里，希望系里老师能教育我。在学校老师的教育和同学们的帮助下，我终于意识到自己犯的错误的严重性。

错误的性质是严重的。我在考试的时候写答案于小纸条上，并且试图将其传给其他的同学，这是有悖学生的行为，其结果损害了多方利益，在学校造成极坏的影响。这种行为，即使是并没有把答案传给别人，或者给别人答案 ，仍然是不对的，此举本身就是违背了做学生的原则。我只是顾着自己的利益，和一时的想法，完全不理会监考老师的感受。这也是不对的，人是社会的人，大家不应该只是想着自己，我这么做，害的那个是那个同学，他期盼着我的答案，我这样做，看似在帮助他，实际上是在害他。而且，考试的时候作弊本身也是对监考老师的不尊重。所以，当监考老师把这件事情告知学校，也是为了让我深刻的认识到这点。

其次，我考试作弊的行为也是一种对老师的工作不尊敬的表现。中国是一个礼仪之邦，自古 就讲究尊师重道，这是一种传统的美德，过去我一直忽视了它。抛开着一层面，不单单是老师，无论对任何人，我们都应该尊重他，尊重他的劳动，他的劳动成果。我这样做，直接造成了不尊重老师，不尊重他人，不尊重他人劳动的恶劣影响。作为一名当代大学生，一名正在接受高等教育的人来说，这种表现显然不符合社会对我们的要求。

再次，我这种行为还在学校同学间造成了及其坏的影响，破坏了学校的形象。同学之间本应该互相学习，互相促进，而我这种表现，给同学们带了一个坏头，不利于学校和院系的学风建设。同时，也对学校形象造成了一定损害，“中国地质大学”在人们心目中一直是一个学术严谨的学校，我们应该去维护这个形象而不是去破坏它!虽然我在考试的时候写答案给别的同学，这是作弊行为，我和那个同学关系很好，他找我帮忙，当时不忍心和侥幸心理之下量成了现在的后果。虽然助人为乐是中华民族的优良传统美德，是当代大学生理应具备的品质。现在我才深刻的意识到这不是助人为乐。我在考试的时候将答案写在小纸条上，还传给其他同学，这并不是真的在帮别人，同时也是在害自己和同学们，考试是用来平衡学生学习的好坏，不论是什么原因把答案传给别人，或者还没给别人，都是很不对的，违背了做学生的原则。

当然，我不能说我是为了帮助别的同学取得好的成绩才作弊的，这是不能成为我作弊的理由。鲁迅先生说过：不友善的帮助就是恶意的伤害。我只有认真反思，寻找错误后面的深刻根源，认清问题的本质，才能给集体和自己一个交待，从而得以进步。做为一名学生我没有做好自己的本职，本应该把正确的答案写在考卷上，而我却给了别人，辜负了老师平时对我的教育之恩，老师含辛茹苦的把知识教会我们，是想让我们做一个对社会有用的人，其实考试的目的只是检验我们学的如何，通过考试来看我们那里学的薄弱，而我却帮助他人欺骗把知识无私的教给我们的老师，我现在已经彻底认识到我的行为不仅没有起到帮助同学的目的，反而是害了他，也对老师是一种欺骗行为.自从接受了老师对我的批评教育，我已经深刻认识到这件事情的严重性，老师教育我说明 老师是非常的关心我，爱护我，所以我今后要听老师的话，充分领会理解老师对我们的要求，并保证不会在有类似的事情发生，如果在考试中别的同学不会，我不在 告诉他，而是在考完后主动的去教他，这样既可以帮助老师分优，有可以使不会的同学掌握了没有学会的同学，帮助老师给班里营造互帮互学的气氛。

望老师给我改过自新的机会。老师是希望我们成为社会的栋梁，所以我在今后学校的学习生活中更加的努力，不仅把老师教我们的知识学好，更要学好如何做人，做一个对社会有用的人，一个正直的人，使老师心慰的好学生，老师如同父母对我们的爱都是无私的，所以我也要把老师对我们的无私精神去发扬，通过这件事情我深刻的感受到老师对我们那种恨铁不成钢的心情，使我心理感到非常的愧疚，我太感谢老师对我的这次深刻的教育，它使我在今后的人生道路上找到了方向，对我的一生有无法用语言表达的作用.我所犯的错误的性质是严重的。我在考试的时候作弊实际上就是做假骗人，其结果损害了多方利益，在班上和系里面造成极坏的影响。这种不择手段达到成功目的的行为，即使考试的老师允许，此举本身就是违背了学生的职业道德和专心治学的精神、违背了公平竞争的原则。这样一种极其错误的行为就是典型的锦标主义。

尤其是发生在我这样的二十一世纪的一代青年身上。弘扬中国地质大学的拼搏精神，走顽强拼搏进取之路既是我的责任，也是我坚定不移的前进方向。然而，我的行为却背道而驰。一个优秀上进的大学生当然要努力争取好的成绩,但不能不顾一切、不择手段地去达到目的，这是一个关系到如何成人，如何成才的一个重大原则问题。一个人的成长和进步，不仅仅是学业上的提高，更重要的是思想、作风方面上的培养和锤炼。我忽视了这样一个重要的问题，为此而犯了方向性的错误。我所犯错误的影响是很坏的。考试作弊写小纸条，在考场上就直接造成不尊重同学、不尊重老师、不尊重父母的恶劣影响。

尊敬的领导：

根据您的指示我在书房里反省了一个小时四十三分零七秒，没吃零食。喝了一次白开水。去过一次卫生间没抽烟。以上事实准确无误，附上我的检讨报告，不当之处可以协商。

经过近两个小时的面壁思过我深刻认识到昨晚之事却是我不对，以下是我对自己恶劣行为的剖析，请领导批阅。

昨晚的事情确实是我不对，我不该在你给我打电话的时候不接。更不该再看到有未接电话的情况下没有第一时间给你回电话，更为严重的是没有在你给我再次打电话的时候回电话给你，我这样疏忽大意完全是我对于工作不够兢兢业业，再您打电话来的时候更不该以为强调理由，不能虚心接受领导批评。没有第一时间做出深刻检讨，更不该打电话打扰领导休息。

再次我深刻检讨自己的不到之处，对于自己的恶劣行为做出深刻检讨，一定下不为例，以后绝对不会不接领导电话，就算偶尔不小心没有听到我也会第一时间给领导回电话，如果没有第一时间给领导会电话要领导不开心，那我也愿意用100个-1000个电话，换回领导给我一次解释的机会。当然如果手机还有电的话。如果手机没电了而且我在家我会第一世界充电，如果不在家那我就第一时间赶回家。如果第一时间赶不回去我就借个手机。如果第一世界借不到我就买个电池，如果第一世界买不到电池我就买个手机。如果第一时间买不到手机我就打公话。应该没有再坏的可能了，请领导监督。

此致!

下面的材料旨在丰富学生在是非问题写作方面的思想和语言，考生在复习时可以先分类阅读这些篇章，然后尝试写相关方面的作文题。

对于素材中用黑体字的部分，特别建议你熟读，背诵，因为它们在语言和观点上都值得吸收。学习语言的人应该明白，表达能力和思想深度都靠日积月累，潜移默化。从某种意义上说，提高英语写作能力无捷径可走，你必须大段背诵英语文章才能逐渐形成语感和用英语进行表达的能力。这一关，没有任何人能代替你过。

因此，建议你下点苦功夫，把背单词的精神拿出来背诵文章。何况，并不是要求你背了之后永远牢记在心：你可以这个星期背，下个星期忘。这没有关系，相信你的大脑具有神奇的能力。背了工具箱里的文章后，你会惊讶的发现：I can think in English now！

1.?????? Proverbs

1. A graduation ceremony is an event where the commencement speaker tells thousands of students dressed in identical caps and gowns that individuality is the key to success.

2. The primary purpose of a liberal education is to make one’s mind a pleasant place in which to spend one’s time.

3. Next in importance to freedom and justice is popular education, without which neither freedom nor justice can be permanently maintained.

4. The classroom--not the trench--is the frontier of freedom now and forevermore.

5. Education’s purpose is to replace an empty mind with an open one.

6. It is the purpose of education to help us become autonomous, creative, inquiring people who have the will and intelligence to create our own destiny.

7. You see, real ongoing, lifelong education doesn’t answer questions; it provokes them.

8. People will pay more to be entertained than educated.

9.the most important function of education at any level is to develop the personality of the individual and the significance of his life to himself and to others. This is the basic architecture of a life; the rest is ornamentation and decoration of the structure.

10. The essence of our efforts to see that every child has a chance must be to assure each as equal opportunity, not to become equal, but to become different-to realize whatever unique potential of body, mind, and spirit he or she possesses.

11. A great teacher never strives to explain his vision-he simply invites you to stand beside him and see for yourself.

12. If you can read and don’, you are an illiterate by choice.

2. Damaging Research

A study by National Parent-Teacher Organization revealed that in the average American school, eighteen negatives are identified for every positive that is pointed out. The Wisconsin study revealed that when children enter the first grade, 80 percent of them feel pretty good themselves, but by the time they get to the sixth grade, only 10 percent of them have good self-images.

3. Education and Citizenship

An important aspect of education in the United States is the relationship between education and citizenship. Throughout its history this nation has emphasized public education as a means of transmitting democratic values, creating equality of opportunity, and preparing new generations of citizens to function in society. In addition, the schools have been expected to help shape society itself. During the 1950s, for example, efforts to combat racial segregation focused on the schools. Later, when the Soviet Union launched the first orbiting satellite, American schools and colleges came under intense pressure and were offered many incentives to improve their science and mathematics programs so that the nations would not fall behind the Soviet Union in scientific and technological capabilities.

Education is often viewed as a tool for solving social problems, especially social inequality. The schools, t is thought, can transform young people from vastly different backgrounds into competent, upwardly mobile adults. Yet these goals seem almost impossible to attain. In recent years, in fact, public education has been at the center of numerous controversies arising from the gap between the ideal and the reality. Part of the problem is that different groups in society have different have different expectations. Some feel that children should be taught basic job-related skills; still others believe education should not only prepare children to compete in society but also help them maintain their cultural identity (and, in the case of Hispanic children, their language). On the other hand, policymakers concerned with education emphasize the need to increase the level of student achievement and to improve parents in their children’s education.

Some reformers and critics have called attention to the need to link formal schooling with programs designed to address social problems. Sociologist Charles Moscos, for example, is a leader in the movement to expand programs like the Peace Corps, Vista, and Outward Bound into a system of voluntary national service. National service, as Moscos defines it, would entail “the full-time undertaking of public duties by young people whether as citizen soldiers or civilian servers-who are paid subsistence wages” and serve for at least one year. In return for this period of service, the volunteers would receive assistance in paying for college or other educational expenses.

Advocates of national service and school-to-work programs believe that education does not have to be confined to formal schooling. In devising strategies to provide opportunities for young people to serve their society, they emphasize the educational value of citizenship experiences gained outside the classroom. At this writing there is little indication that national service will become a new educational institution in the United States, although the concept is steadily gaining support among educators and social critics.

4. The Teacher’s Role

Given the undeniable importance of classroom experience, sociologists have done a considerable amount of research on what goes on in the classroom. Often they start from the premise that, along with the influence of peers, students’ experiences in the classroom are of central importance to their later development. One study examined the impact of a single first-grade teacher on her students’ subsequent adult status. The surprising results of this study have important implications. It is evident that good teachers can make a big difference in children’s lives, a fact that gives increased urgency to the need to improve the quality of primary-school teaching. The reforms carried out by educational leaders like James Comer suggest that when good teaching is combined with high levels of parental involvement the results can be even more dramatic.

Because the role of the teacher is to change the learner in some way, the teacher-student relationship is an important part of education. Sociologists have pointed out that this relationship is asymmetrical or unbalanced, with the teacher being in a position of authority and the student having little choice but to passively absorb the information provided by the teacher. In other words, in conventional classrooms there is little opportunity for the students to become actively involved in the learning process. On the other hand, students often develop strategies for undercutting the teacher’s authority: mentally withdrawing, interrupting, and the like. Hence, much current research assumes that students and teachers influence each other instead of assuming that the influence is always in a single direction.

5. Education Philosophy

For the past fifty years our schools have operated on the theories of John Dewey (1859-1953), an American educator and writer. Dewey believed hat the school’s job was to enhance the natural development of the growing child, rather than to pour information, for which the child had no context, into him or her. In the Dewey system, the child becomes the active agent in his own education, rather than a passive receptacle for facts.

Consequently, American schools are very enthusiastic about teaching “life skills” –logical thinking, analysis, creative problem--solving. The actual content of the lessons is secondary to the process, which is supposed to train the child to be able to handle whatever life may present, including all the unknowns of the future. Students and teachers both regard pure memorization as an uncreative and somewhat vulgar.

In addition to “life skills”, schools are assigned to solve the ever growing stoke of social problems. Racism, teenage pregnancy, alcoholism, drug use, reckless driving, and are just a few of the modern problems that have appeared on the school curriculum.

This all contributes to a high degree of social awareness in American youngsters.

6. Student Life

To the students, the most notable difference between elementary school and the higher levels is that in junior high they start “changing classes”. This means that rather than spending the day in one classroom, they switch classrooms to meet their different teachers. This gives them three or four minutes between classes in the hallways, where a great deal of the important social action of high school traditionally takes place. Students have lockers in these hallways, around which thy congregate.

Society in general does not take the business of studying very seriously. Schoolchildren have a great deal of free time, which they are encouraged to fill with extracurricular activities—sports, clubs, cheerleading, scouts—supposed to inculcate such qualities as leadership, sportsmanship, ability to organize, etc. those who don’t become engaged in such activities or have afterschool jobs have plenty of opportunity to “hang out”, listen to teenager music, and watch television.

Compared to other nations, American students do not have much homework. Studies also show that American parents have lower expectations for their children’s success in school than other nationalities do. (Historically, there has not been much correlation between American school success and success in later life.) “He’s just not a scholar”, the American parents might say, content that their son is on the swim team and doesn’t take drugs. (Some of the young do choose to study hard, for reason of their own, such as determining that the road to riches lies through Harvard Business School.)

What American schools do effectively teach is the competitive method. In innumerable ways children are pitted against each other—whether in classroom discussion, spelling bees, reading groups, or tests. Every classroom is expected to produce a scattering of A’s and F’s (teachers often grade A=excellent; B=good; C=average; D=poor; and F=failed). A teacher who gives all A’s looks too soft—so students are aware that they are competing for the limited number of top marks.

Foreign students sometimes don’t understand that copying from other people’s papers or from books is considered wrong and taken seriously. Here, it is important to show that you have done your own work and are displaying your own knowledge. It is more important than helping your friends to pass, whom we think do not deserve to pass unless they can provide their own answers. Group effort goes against the competitive grain, and American students do not study together as many Asians do. Many Asians in this country consider their group study habits a large contributor to their school success.

7. Adult Education

After complaining about many aspects of American life, a 40-year-old woman from Hong Kong concluded, “But where else could someone my age go back to school and get a degree in social work? Here you can change your whole life, start a new business, do what you really want to do.”

So at least to this person, school requirements weren’t inhibiting. And to millions of others, adult education is the path to a new career, or if not to a new career, to a new outlook. Schools generally encourage the older person who wants to start anew, and besides regular classes, schedule evening classes in special programs. Today there are so many people of retirement age in college that it is no longer remarkable.

8. Moral Relativism in American

Improving American education requires not doing new things but doing (and remembering) some good old things. At the time of our nation’s founding, Thomas Jefferson listed the requirements for a sound education in the Report of the Commissioners for the University of Virginia. In this landmark statement on American education, Jefferson wrote of the importance of education and writing, and of reading history, and geography. But he also emphasized the need “to instruct the mass of our citizens in these, their rights, interests, and duties, as men and citizens.” Jefferson believed education should aim at the improvement of both one’s “morals” and “faculties”. That has been the dominant view of the aims of American education for over two centuries. But a number of changes, most of them unsound, have diverted schools from these great pursuits. And the story of the loss of the school’s original moral mission explains a great deal.

Starting in the early seventies, “values clarification” programs started turning up in schools all over America. According to this philosophy, the schools were not to take part in their time-honored task of transmitting sound moral values; rather, they were to allow the child to “clarify” his own values (which adults, including parents, had no “rights” to criticize). The “values clarification” movement didn’t clarify values; it clarified wants and desires. This form of moral relativism said, in effect, that no set of values was right or wrong; everybody had an equal right to his own values; and all values were subjective, relative, and personal. This destructive view took hold with a vengeance.

In 1985 The York Times published an article quoting New York area educators, in slavish devotion to this new view, proclaiming, “They deliberately avoid trying to tell students what is ethically right and wrong.” The article told of one counseling session involving fifteen high school juniors and seniors. In the course of that session a student concluded that a fellow student had been foolish to return one thousand dollars she found in a purse at school. According to the article, when the youngsters asked the counselor’s opinion, “He told them he believed the girl had done the right thing, but that, of course, he would not try to force his values on them. ‘If I come from the position of what is wrong,’ he explained, ‘then I’m not their counselor.’”

Once upon a time, a counselor offered counselor, and he knew that an adult does not form character in the young by taking a stance of neutrality toward questions of right and wrong or by merely offering “choices” or “options”.

In response to the belief that adults and educators should teach children sound morals, one can expect from some quarters indignant objections (I’ve heard one version of it expressed countless times over the years): “Who are you to say what’s important?” or “Whose standards and judgments do we use?”

The correct response, it seems to me, is, is we ready to do away with standards and judgments? Is anyone going to argue seriously that a life of cheating and swindling is as worthy as a life of honest, hard work? Is anyone (with the exception of some literature professors at our elite universities) going to argue seriously the intellectual corollary, that a Marvel comic book is as good as Macbeth? Unless we are willing to embrace some pretty silly position, we’ve got to admit the need for moral and intellectual standards. The problem is that some people tend to regard anyone who would pronounce a definitive judgment as an unsophisticated Philistine or a closed-minded “elitist” trying to impose his view on everybody else.

The truth of the real world is that without standards and judgments, there can be no progress. Unless we are prepared to say irrational things—that nothing can be proven more valuable than anything else or that everything is equally worthless—we must ask the normative question. It may come, as a surprise to those who fell that to be “progressive” is to be value-neutral. But as Matthew Amold said, “the world is forwarded by having its attention fixed on the best things” and if the world can’t decide what the best things are, at least to some degree, then it follows that progress, and character, is in trouble. We shouldn’t be reluctant to declare that some things, some lives, books, ideas, and values are better than others. It is the responsibility of the schools to teach these better things.

At one time, we weren’t so reluctant to teach them. In the mid-nineteenth century, a diverse, widespread group of crusaders began to work for the public support of what was then called the “common school”, the forerunner of the public school. They were to be charged with the mission of school felt that the nation could fulfill its destiny only if every new generation was taught these values together in a common institution.

The leaders of the common school movement were mainly citizens who were prominent in their communities—businessmen, ministers, local civic and government officials. These people saw the schools as upholders of standards of individual morality and small incubators of civic and personal virtue; the founders of the public schools had faith that public education could teach good moral and civic character from a common ground of American values.

But in the past quarter century or so, some of the so-called experts became experts of value neutrality, and moral education was increasingly left in their hands. The commonsense view of parents and the publicthat schools should reinforce rather than undermine the values of home, family, and country, was increasingly rejected.

There are those today still that claim we are now too diverse a nation, that we consist of too many competing convictions and interests to instill common values. They are wrong. Of course we are a diverse people. We have always been a diverse people. And as Madison wrote in FederalistNo.10, the competing, balancing interests of a diverse people can help ensure the survival of liberty. But there are values that all American citizens share and that we should want all American students to know and to make their own: honesty, fairness, self-discipline, fidelity to task, friends, and family, personal responsibility, love of country, and belief in the principles of liberty, equality, and the freedom to practice one’s faith. The explicit teaching of these values is the legacy of the common schools, and it is a legacy to which we must return.

9. Schools Should Teach Values

People often said, “Yes, we should teach these values, but how do we teach them?” this question deserves a candid response, one that isn’t given often enough. It is by exposing our children to good character and inviting its imitation that we will transmit to them a moral foundation. This happens when teachers and principals, by their words and actions, embody sound convictions. As Oxford’s Mary Warnock has written, “You cannot teach morality without being committed to morality yourself; and you cannot be committed to morality yourself without holding that some things are right and others wrong.” The theologian Martin Buber wrote that the educator is distinguished from all other influences “by his will to take part in the stamping of character and by his consciousness that he represents in the eyes of the growing person a certain selection of what is, the selection of what is ‘right’, of what should be.” It is in this will, Buber says, in this clear standing for something, that the “vocation as an educator finds its fundamental expression.”

There is no escaping the fact that young people need as example principals and teachers who know the difference between right and wrong, good and bad, and who themselves exemplify high moral purpose.

As Education Secretary, I visited a class at Waterbury Elementary School in Waterbury, Vermont, and asked the students, “Is this a good school?” They answered, “Yes, this is a good school.” I asked them, “Why?” Among other things, one eight-year-old said, “The principal Mr. Riegel, makes good rules and everybody obeys them.” So I said, “Give me an example.” And another answered, “You can’t climb on the pipes in the bathroom. We don’t climb on the pipes and the principal doesn’t either.”

This example is probably too simple to please a lot of people who want to make the topic of moral education difficult, but there is something profound in the answer of those children, something education should pay more attention to. You can’t expect children to take messages about rules or morality seriously unless they see adults taking those rules seriously in their day-to-day affairs. Certain must be said, certain limits lay down, and certain examples set. There is no other way.

We should also do a better job at curriculum selection. The research shows that most “values education” exercises and separate courses in “moral reasoning” tend not to affect children’s behavior; if anything, they may leave children morally adrift. Where to turn? I believe our literature and our history are a rich quarry of moral literacy. We should mine that quarry. Children should have at their disposal a stock of examples illustrating what we believe to be right and wrong, good and bad—examples illustrating what are morally right and wrong can indeed be known and that there is a difference.

What kind of stories, historical events, and famous lives am I talking about? If we want our children to know about honesty, we should teach them about Abe Lincoln walking three miles to return six cents and conversely, about Aesop’s shepherd boy who cried wolf if we want them to know about courage, we should teach them about Joan of Arc, Horatius at the bridge, and Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad. If we want them to know about persistence in the face of adversity, they should know about the voyages of Columbus and the character of Washington during the Civil War. And our youngest should be told about the Little Engine That Could. If we want them to know about respect for the law, they should understand why Socrates told Crito: “No, I must submit to the decree of Athens.” If we want our children to respect the rights of others, they should read the Declaration of Independence, the Bill of Rights, the Gettysburg Address, and Martin Luther King, Jr.’ “Letter from Birmingham jail.” From the Bible they should know about Ruth’s loyalty to Naomi, Joseph’s forgiveness of his brothers, Jonathan’s friendship with David, the Good Samaritan’s kindness toward a stranger, and David’s cleverness and courage in facing Goliath.

These are only a few of the hundreds of examples we can call on. And we need not get into issues like nuclear war, abortion, creationism, or euthanasia. This may come as a disappointment to some people, but the fact is that the formation of character in young people is educationally a task different from, and prior to, the discussion of the great, difficult controversies of the day. First things come first. We should teach values the same way we teach other things: one step at a time. We should not use the fact that there are many difficult and controversial moral questions as an argument against basic instruction in the subject.

After all, we do not argue against teaching physics because laser physics is difficult, against teaching American history because there are heated disputes about the Founders’ intent. Every field has its complexities and its controversies. And every field has its basics, its fundamentals. So they are too with forming character and achieving moral literacy. As any parent knows, teaching character is a difficult task. But it is a crucial task, because we want our children to be healthy, happy, and successful but decent, strong, and good. None of this happens automatically; there is no genetic transmission of virtue. It takes the conscious, committed efforts of adults. It takes careful attention.

10. College Pressures

Mainly I try to remind that the road ahead is a long one and that it will have more unexpected turns than they think. There will be plenty of time to change jobs, change careers, change whole attitudes and approaches. They don not want to hear such liberating news. They want a map—right now – that they can follow unswervingly to career security, financial security, Social Security and, presumably, a prepaid grave.

What I wish for all students is some release from the clammy grip of the future. I wish them a chance to savor each segment of their education as an experience in itself and not as a grim preparation for the next step. I wish them the right to experiment, to trip and fall, to learn that defeat is as instructive as victory and is not the end of the world.

My wish, of course, is na?ve. One of the national gods venerated in our media—the million-dollar athlete, the wealthy executive—and glorified in our praise of possessions. In the presence of such a potent state religion, the young are growing up old.

I see four kinds of pressure working on college students today: economic pressure, parental pressure, peer pressure, and self-induced pressure. It is easy to look around for villains—to blame the colleges for charging too much money, the professors for assigning too much work, the parents for pushing their children too far, and the students for driving themselves too hard. But there are no villains: only victims.

“In the late 1960s.” one dean told me. “The typical question that I got from students was ‘Why is there so much suffering in the world’ or ‘how I can make a contribution?’ Today it’s ‘Do you think it would look better for getting into law school if I did a double major in history and political science, or just majored in one of them?’” many other deans confirmed this pattern. One said: “They are trying to find an edge—the intangible something that will look better on paper if two students are about equal.”

Note the emphasis on looking better. The transcript has become a sacred document, the passport to security. How one appears on paper is more important than how one appears in person. A is for Admirable and B is for Borderline, even though, in Yale’s official system of grading, A means “excellent” and B means “very good.” Today, looking very good is no longer good enough, especially for students who hope to go on to law school or medical school. They know that entrance into the better schools will be an entrance into the better law firms and better medical practices where they will make a lot of money. They also know that the odds are harsh. Yale Law School, for instance, matriculates 170students from an applicant pool of 3,700; Harvard enrolls 550 from a pool of 7,000.

It’s all very well for those of us who write letters of recommendation for our students to stress the qualities of humanity that will make them good lawyers or doctors. And it’s nice to think that admission officers are ready reading our letters and looking for the extra dimension of commitment or concern. Still, it would be hard for a student not to visualize these officers shuffling so many transcripts studded with As that they regard a B as positively shameful.

The pressure is almost as heavy on students who just want to graduate and get a job. Long gone are the days of the “gentleman’s C.” when students journeyed through college with a certain relaxation, sampling a wide variety of courses-music, art, philosophy, classics, anthropology, poetry, religion—that would send them out as liberally educated men and women. If I were an employer I would rather employ graduates who have this range and curiosity than those who narrowly pursued safe subjects and high grades. I know countless students whose inquiring minds exhilarate me. I like to hear the play of their ideas. I do not know if they are getting As or Cs, and I do not care. I also like them as people. The country needs them, and they will find satisfying jobs. I tell them to relax. They cannot.

Nor can I blame them. They live in a brutal economy. Tuition, room, and board at most private colleges now come to at least $7,000, not counting books and fees. This might seem to suggest that the colleges are getting rich. But they are equally battered by inflation. Tuition covers only 60 percent of what it costs to educate a student, and ordinarily the remainder comes from what college receives in endowments, grants, and gifts. Now, the remainder keeps being swallowed by the cruel costs—higher every year—of just opening the doors. Heating oil is up. Insurance is up. Postage is up. Health-premium costs are up. Everything is up. Deficits are up. We are witnessing in American the creation of a brotherhood of paupers—colleges, parents, and students, joined by the common bond of debt.

Today it is not unusual for a student, even if he works part time at college and full time during the summer, to accrue $5,000 in loans after four years—loans that he must start to repay within one year after graduation. Exhorted at commencement to go forth into the world, he is already behind as he goes forth. How could he not feel under pressure throughout college to prepare for this day of reckoning? I have used “he,” incidentally, only for brevity. Women at Yale are under no less pressure to justify their expensive education to themselves, their parents, and society. In fact, they are probably under more pressure. For although they leave college superbly equipped to bring fresh leadership to traditionally male jobs, society has not yet caught up with this fact.

Along with economic pressure goes parental pressure. Inevitably, the two are deeply intertwined.

I see many students taking pre-medical courses with joyless tenacity. They go off to their labs as if they were going to the dentist. It saddens me because I know tem in other corners of their life as cheerful people.

“Do you want to medical school?” I asked them.

“I guess so,” they say, without conviction, or “Not really.”

“Then why are you going?”

“Well, my parents want me to be a doctor. They are paying all this money and …”

Poor students, poor parents, they are caught in one of the oldest webs of love and duty and guilt. The parents mean will; they are trying to steer their sons and draughts toward a secure future. But the sons and daughter want to major in history or classics or philosophy—subjects with no “practical” value. Where’s the payoff on the humanities? It’s not easy to persuade such loving parents that the humanities do indeed pay off. The intellectual faculties developed by studying subjects like history and classics—an ability to synthesize and relate, to weigh cause and effect, to see events in perspective—are just the faculties that make creative leaders in business or almost any general field. Still, many fathers would rather put their money on courses that point toward specific profession—courses that are pre-law, pre-medical, pre-business, or, as I sometimes heard it put, “pre-rich.”

But the pressure on students is severe. They are truly torn. One part of them feels obliged to fulfill their parents’ expectations; after all, their parents are older and presumably wiser. Another part tells them that the expectations that are right for their parents are not right for them.

I know a student who wants to be an artist. She is very obviously an artist and will be a good one—she has already had several modest local exhibits. Meanwhile she is growing as a well-round person and taking humanistic subjects that will enrich the inner resources out of which her art will grow. But her father is strongly opposed. He thinks that an artist is a “dumb” thing to be. The student vacillates and tries to please everybody. She keeps up with her art somewhat furtively and takes some of the “dumb” courses her father wants her to take—at least they are dumb courses for her. She is a free spirit on a campus of tense students—no small achievement in it—and she deserves to follow her muse.

Peer pressure and self-induced pressure are also intertwined, and they begin almost at the beginning of freshman year.

“I had a freshman student I’ll call Linda,” one dean told me, “who came in and said she was under terrible pressure because her roommate, Barbara, was much brighter and studied all the time. I could not tell her that Barbara had come in two hours earlier to say the same thing about Linda.”

The story is almost funny—except that it is not. It is symptomatic of all the pressure put together. When every student thinks every other student is working harder and doing better, the only solution is to study harder still. I see students going off to the library every night after dinner and coming back when it closes at midnight. I wish they would sometimes forget about their peers and go to a movie. I hear the clacking of typewriters in the hours before dawn. I see the tension in their eyes when exams are approaching and papers are due: “Will I get everything done?”

Probably they won’t. They will get blocked. They will sleep. They will oversleep. They will bug out.

Part of the problem is that they are expected to do. A professor will assign five page papers. Several students will start writing ten page papers to impress him. Then more students will write ten page papers, and a few will raise the ante to fifteen. Pity the poor student who is still just doing the assignment.

“Once you have twenty or thirty percent of the student population deliberately overexerting,” one dean points out, “It’s bad for everybody. When a teacher gets more and more effort from his class, the student who is doing normal work can be perceived as not doing well. The tactic work, psychologically.”

Why cannot the professor just cut back and not accept longer papers? He can, and he probably will. But by then the term will be half over and the damage done. Grade fever is highly contagious and not easily reversed. Besides, the professor’s main concern is with his course. He knows his students only in relation to the course and does not know that they are also overexerting in their other courses. Nor is it really his business. He did not sign up for dealing with the student as a whole person and with all the emotional baggage the student brought along from home. That’s what deans, masters, chaplains, and psychiatrists are for.

To some extent this is nothing new: a certain number of professors have always been self-contained islands of scholarship and shyness, more comfortable with books than with people. But the new pauperism has widened the gap still further, for professors who actually like to spend time with students do not have as much time to spend. They are also overexerting. If they are young, they are busy trying to publish in order not to perish, hanging by their figure nails onto a shrinking profession.

If they are old and tenured, they are buried under the duties of administering departments—as departmental chairmen or members of committees—that have been thinned out by the budgetary axe.

Ultimately it will be the students’ own business to break the circles in which they are trapped. They are too young to be prisoners of their parents’ dreams and their classmates’ fears. They must be jolted into believing into themselves as unique men and women who have the power to shape their own future.

“Violence is being done to the undergraduate experience,” says Carlos Hortas. “College should be open-ended: at the end it should open many, many roads. Instead, students are choosing their goal in advance, and their choices narrow as they go along. It’s almost as if they think that the country has been codified in the type of jobs that exist-that they’ve got to fit into certain slots. Therefore, fit into the best paying slot.”

“They ought to take chances. Not taking chances will lead to life of colorless mediocrity. They’ll be comfortable. But something in the spirit will be missing.”

I have painted too drab a portrait of today’s students, making them seem a solemn lot. That is only half of their story; if they were so dreary I wouldn’t so thoroughly enjoy their company. The other half is that they are easy to like. They are quick to laugh and to offer friendship. They are not introverts. They are usually kind and are more considerate of one another than any student generation I have known.

Nor are they so obsessed with their studies that they avoid sports and extracurricular activities. On the contrary, they juggle their crowded hours to play on a variety of teams, perform with musical and dramatic groups, and write for campus publications. But this in turn is one more cause of anxiety. There are too many choices. Academically, they have 1,300 courses to select from; outside class they have to decide how much spare time they can spare and how to spend it.

This means that they engage in fewer extracurricular pursuits than their predecessors did. If they want to row on the crew and play in the symphony they will eliminate one; in the ‘60s they would have done both. They also tend to choose activities that are self-limiting. Drama, for instance, is flourishing in all twelve of Yale’s residential colleges, as it never has before. Students hurl themselves into these productions—as actors, directors, carpenters, and technicians—with a dedication to create the best possible play, knowing that the day will come when the run will end and they can get back to their studies.

They also cannot afford to be the willing slave of organizations like the Yale Daily News. Last spring at the one-hundredth anniversary banquet of that paper—who’s past chairmen include such once and future kings as Potter Stewart, Kingman Brewster, and William F. Buckley, Jr.—much was made of the fact that the editorial staff used to be small and totally committed and that “newsies” routinely worked fifty hours a week. In effect they belonged to a club; Newsies is how they defined themselves at Yale. Today’s students will one or two articles a week, when he can, and he defines himself as a student. I’ve never heard the word Newsie except at the banquet.

If I have described the modern undergraduate primarily as a driven creature who is largely ignoring the blithe spirit inside who keeps trying to come out and play, it’s because that’s where the crunch is, not only at Yale but throughout American education. It’s why I think we should all be worried about the values that are nurturing a generation so fearful of risk and so goal-obsessed at such an early age.

I tell students that there is no one “right” way to get ahead—that each of them is a different person, starting from a different point and bound for a different destination. I tell neither them that change is a tonic and that all the slots are not codified nor the frontiers closed. One of my ways of telling them is to invite men and women who have achieved success outside the academic world to come and talk informally with my students during the year. They are heads of companies or ad agencies, editors of magazines, politicians, public officials, television magnates, labor leaders, business executives, Broadway products, artists, writers, economists, photographers, scientists, historians—a mixed bag of achievers.

I asked them to say a few words about how they got started. The students assume that they started in their present profession and knew all along that it was what they wanted to do. Luckily for me, most of them got into their field by a circuitous route, to their surprise, after many detours. The students are startled. They can hardly conceive of a career that was not pre-planned. They can hardly imagine allowing the hand of God or chance to nudge them down some unforeseen trail.

11. To Err Is Wrong

In the summer of 1979, Boston Red Sox first baseman Carl Yastrzemski became the fifteenth player in baseball history to reach the three thousand hit plateaus. This event drew a lot of media attention, and for about a week prior to the attainment of this goal, hundreds of reports covered Yaz’s every more. Finally, one reporter asked, “Hey Yaz, aren’t you afraid all of this attention will go to your head?” Yastrzemski replied, “I look at this way: in my career I’ve been up to bat over ten thousand times. That means I’ve been unsuccessful at the plate over seven thousand times. That fact alone keeps me from getting a swollen head.”?

Most people consider success and failure as opposites, but they are actually both products of the same process. As Yaz suggest, an activity that produces a hit may also produce a miss. It is the same with creative thinking; the same energy that generates good creative ideas also produces errors.

Many people, however, are not comfortable with errors. Our educational system, based on “the right answer” belief, cultivates our thinking in another, more conservative way. From an early age, we are taught that right answers are good and incorrect answers are bad. This value is deeply embedded in the incentive system used in most schools:

Right over 90% of the time = “A”

Right over 80% of the time = “B~”

Right over 70% of the time = “C~” Right over 60% of the time = “D~” Less than 60% correct, you fail.

From this we learn to be right as often as possible and to keep our mistakes to a minimum. We learn, in other words, that “to err is wrong.

Playing It Safe

With this kind of attitude, you aren’t going to be taking too many chances. If you learn that failing even a litter penalizes you (e.g., being wrong only 15% of the time garners you only a “B” performance), you learn not to make mistakes. And more important, you learn not to put yourself to situation where you might fall. This leads to conservative thought pattern designed to avoid the stigma our society puts on “failure”.

I have a friend who recently graduated from college with a Master’s degree in Journalism. For the last six month, she has been trying to find a job, but to no avail. I talked with her about situation, and realized that her problem is that she doesn’t know how to fail. She went through eighteen years of schooling to try any approaches where she might fail. She has been conditioned to believe that failure is bad in and of itself, rather than a potential stepping-stone to new ideas.

Look around. How many middle managers, housewives, administrators, teachers, and other people do you see who are to try anything new because of this failure? Most of us have learned not to make mistakes in public. As a result, we remove ourselves from many learning experience except for those occurring in the most private of circumstances.

Different Logic

From a practical point of view, “to err is wrong” makes sense. Our survival in the everyday world requires us to perform thousand of small tasks without failure. Think about it: you wouldn’t last very long if you were to step out in front of traffic or stick your hand a pot of boiling water. In addition, engineers whose bridges collapse, stock brokers who lose money for their clients, and copywriters whose ad campaigns decrease sales won’t keep their jobs very long.

Nevertheless, too great an adherence to the belief “to err is wrong” can greatly undermine your attempts to generate new ideas. If you are more concerned with producing right answers than generating original ideas, you’ll probably make uncritical use of the rules, formulae, and procedures used to obtain these right answers. By doing this, you’ll by-pass the germinal phase of the creative process, and thus spend litter time testing assumptions, challenging the rules, asking what-if questions, or just playing around with the problem. All of these techniques will produce some incorrect answers, but in the germinal phase errors are viewed as a necessary by-product of creative thinking. As Yaz would put it, “if you want the hits, be prepared for the misses.” That’s the way the game of life goes.

Errors as Stepping Stones

Whenever an error pops up, the usual response is “Jeez, another screw up, what went wrong this time?” the creative thinker, on the other hand, will realize the potential value of errors, and perhaps say something like, “Would you look at that! Where can it lead our thinking?” and then he or she will go on to use the error as a stepping stone to a new idea. As a matter of fact, the whole history of discovery is filed with people who used erroneous assumptions and failed ideas as stepping-stones to new ideas. Columbus thought he was finding a shorter route to India. Johannes Kepler stumbled on to the idea of interplanetary gravity because of assumptions that were right for the wrong reasons. And, Thomas Edison knew 1800 ways not to build a light bulb.

The following story about the automotive genius Charles Kettering exemplifies the spirit of working through erroneous assumptions to good ideas. In 1912, when the automobile industry was just beginning to grow, Kettering was interested in improving gasoline engine efficiency. The problem he faced was“knockthe phenomenon in which gasoline takes too long to burn in the cylinder-thereby reducing efficiency.

Kettering began searching for ways to eliminate the “knock.” He thought to him, “How can I get the gasoline to combust in the cylinder at an earlier time?” the key concept here is “early”. Searching for analogous situations, he looked around for models of “things that happen early.” He thought of historical models, physical models, and biological models. Finally, he remembered a particular plant, the trailing arbutus, which “happens early,” i.e., it blooms in the snow (“earlier” than other plants). One of this plant’s chief characteristics is its’ red leaves, which help the plant retain light at certain wavelengths. Kettering figured that it must be the red color, which made the trailing arbutus bloom earlier.

Now came the critical step in Kettering’s chain of thought. He asked himself, “How can I make the gasoline red?” perhaps I’ll put red dye in the gasoline—maybe that’ll make it combust earlier.” He looked around his workshop, and found that he didn’t have any red dye. But he did happen to have some iodine—perhaps that would do. He added the iodine to the gasoline and, lo and behold, the engine didn’t “knock”.

[英语作文写作的需要背诵的部分

今天，我怀着愧疚和懊悔给您写下这份检讨书，以向您表示我对上课讲话这种不良行为的深刻认识以及再也不在上课的时候讲闲话的决心。

我对于我这次犯的错误感到很惭愧，我真的不应该在上作文课的时候说话，我不应该违背老师的规定，我们作为学生就应该完全的听从老师的话，而我这次没有很好的重视到老师讲的话。我感到很抱歉，我希望老师可以原谅我的错误，我这次的悔过真的很深刻。

我要避免这样的错误发生，希望老师可以相信我的悔过之心。

相信老师看到我的这个态度也可以知道我对这次的事件有很深刻的悔过态度，我这样如此的重视这次的事件，希望老师可以原谅我的错误，我可以向老师保证今后一定不会在上作文课及其他任何课上说闲话的。

所以，老师把让我写检讨，也是为了让我深刻的认识到这点。其次，我在上课的时候讲闲话的行为也是一种对老师的工作不尊敬的表现。中国是一个礼仪之邦，自古就讲究尊师重道，这是一种传统的美德，过去我一直忽视了它。抛开着一层面，不单单是老师，无论对任何人，我们都应该尊重他，尊重他的劳动，他的劳动成果。我这样做，直接造成了不尊重老师，不尊重他人，不尊重他人劳动的恶劣影响。作为一名五年级的小学生，一名正在接受教育的人来说，这种表现显然不符合社会对我们的要求。

再次，我这种行为还在学校同学间造成了及其坏的影响，破坏了学校的形象。同学之间本应该互相学习，互相促进，纪律良好，而我这种表现，给同学们带了一个坏头，不利于学校的学风建设。同时，也对学校形象造成了一定损害，我们应该去维护而不是去破坏它!对于这件事情，所造成的严重后果我做了深刻的反思：

1、在同学们中间造成了不良的影响，由于我在上课的时候讲闲话，有可能影响班级纪律性，让其他同学也讲话，都没有好好听课，这实际上也是对别的同学的父母的不负责。

2、影响个人综合水平的提高，使自身在本能提高的条件下为能提高。如今错已铸成，我深感懊悔，深刻检讨自己的错误。

老师我想在这里对您说一声对不起，希望你能原谅。

：

我也不清楚这是写给老婆大人的第几封检讨书了，我也不知道这个将会写到多少字，也许500，也许1000，这封要检讨的东西很多，现在回想起这个暑假(我的算是暑假吧)，我的个人生活作风确实存在比较多的问题，比如您老提出的几点要求：一，每天必须喝满八杯水;二，饭后半小时才可以吃东西;三，饭后不准躺倒;四，吃饭手扶住碗;五，吃饭不准剩饭等等，虽然被教育的我当时心不甘情不愿的，也许因为我从小就有这些坏习惯吧，从来也没有注意过这些，家中父母管教我时我也会不以为然，可是和你分开之后我想了很多，觉得这个确实是个人生活坏毛病，需要改掉的，你这么管教也是为我好，貌似我没什么理由不去听你的的。

第二件事就是关于饭菜的问题，也许是南北口味差异的问题，我好像总是或多或少的抱怨这个问题，一会儿跟你说盐放多了，一会说酱油放少点，一会又说放点糖，等等，我觉得这个是我做的大错特错的事情，谢谢老婆大人一直对我的容忍和迁就，还真的去按照我说的口味去尝试了，让我觉得真的很感动，更加觉得羞愧了，有个女人肯为我做饭已经是很幸福的事情了，我却还在追求这追求那，而且我本身又不会下厨，更没资格去跟你抱怨了，所以老婆大人以后做饭不要去特意改变什么，你喜欢怎么弄就怎么弄，反正只要你做的我就吃掉，以后一起生活久了，自然而然口味什么的就会靠近了，而且我也会努力去学着做菜的，这样就会好很多了吧。

还有一件就是你例假期间不能碰冷水的问题，这个我也被你责备了几次，确实我这边也做得不好，不够重视这个问题，贪玩电脑不注意这些，本来就是男人应该主动的东西总是需要你提醒，确实不应该，我要郑重的向老婆大人道歉，并且保证以后一定要以您的身体健康为第一位考虑，其他都是浮云。

总的来说，在一起生活跟谈恋爱真的不一样，就想这么多天的一起生活，让我知道了恋爱可以让我们不去计较不去注意那些你和谐的东西，因为我们并不为材米油盐酱醋茶钱烦心，而生活确实为很多繁琐的小事所折腾着，一不注意就会忽略很多重要的东西，恋爱谁多付出一些谁少付出一些都能捣鼓过去的事，可是生活却不能打马虎眼，两个人都需要很努力的很努力的解决那些遇到的问题，这样才能更好的走下去。

没啦，我们以后一定要好好地。

检讨人：

20xx年xx月xx日

敬爱的领导：您好!

今天，我怀着万分的愧疚及懊悔给您写下这份检讨书，以向您表示我对叫人打架这种恶劣行为的深痛恶绝及决心。

今天下午，我和xx发生了口角,由于一时冲动，我把xx打伤了，事后想想，这次打架我有很大的责任，我不应该因为他先挑衅我而失去控制，让冲动控制我的理智;我也不应该想当然的认为武力才是解决同事间矛盾的最佳方法。

早在我们刚踏进这个工厂的时候，您就已经三令五申，一再强调：全厂同事有了矛盾，自己解决不了可以找我，绝对不可以叫人，不可以掺杂社会成分。其实，领导你的反复教导言犹在耳，严肃认真的表情犹在眼前，我深为震撼，也已经深刻认识到此事的重要性，于是我一再告诉自己要把此事当成头等大事来抓，不能辜负领导对我们的一片苦心。

而语言上的迟缓，思想上的麻痹更是有我身上体现无疑。然而，正如高尔基说过的那样-——当你把一件是看得十分重要的时候，磨难和失败就接踵而来了。我知道这次我犯了不可饶恕的错误，这些小阶级主义的错误让我脱离了领导你的教导以及伤害了你和同事对我所寄托的希望。至此事之后，我保证以后绝不会再有这种事情发生。

我要通过这次事件，提高我的思想认识，强化责任措施。我有决心、有信心改正!

这次事件引起了不小的负面影响，我觉得我得就造成的不良反响向老师和同学道歉，最主要的，我要对被我打伤的xx同事说声对不起。希望别的同事以后不要犯这样的类似错误，虽然一时痛快，但是失去了一个朋友，多了一个“敌人”。如果可能，我希望和xx同事重新做朋友。

我深刻认识到廉洁奉公不仅事关政府工作的健康发展，而且关系到民心向背，影响着政府各项工作的落实。做到廉洁奉公既是党和政府的要求，人民群众的希望，也是我们每个共产党人的起码道德要求。我要十分重视廉洁奉公，始终把它当作一项重要工作来抓，每时每刻都要做到廉洁奉公，决不跟腐败风气沾边，注意从日常小事上维护自己的形象，铭记“千里之堤，溃于蚁穴”的古训，不忘“人生是施与不是索取”的哲言，做一名人民群众满意的干部。

一、要加强理论学习和党性锻炼，提高自己的思想和精神境界

我将把这次问题的整改，与当前正在开展的学习实践科学发展观活动紧密结合起来，认真开展一次集中整顿，并且响应党的号召，跟上时代的步伐，不断学习新的知识和理念，而且终身学习是21世纪首选的生存策略，任何人都没有什么“老本”可吃，必须常“补钙”、常“健脑”、常“充电”，不断提高学习能力，学习党在十一届三中全会上提出的“坚持以人为本，树立全面、协调、可持续的发展观，促进经济社会和人的全面发展”。

在学习实践科学发展观活动中坚持把学习贯彻始终，坚持先学一步，多学一点，深学一点，当好表率。作为党委书记要以身作则，加强学习，树立正确的人生观、价值观和权力观，端正思想作风，提升思想境界，模范遵守国家和政府有关廉洁从业的各项规定。

一个人如果平时不学习，放松了自我教育，久而久之就会忘记了自己的职责，思想上就会慢慢放松警惕，贪欲的思想可能就会逐渐滋长。学习对我们来说是很重要和必要的，通过政治理论学习可不断提高人的思想境界，淘冶人的情操，但有的人平时常以工作忙，没空等理由而不参加集体政治理论学习，这样不利于提高自己的思想觉悟。一个人经常不学习头脑很容易产生麻木，逐渐丧失警惕性，从而可能向犯罪迈出第一步。所以政治理论学习只能加强不能放松，作为一个党委书记更要挤出时间自觉参加政治学习，这样才能在思想上筑好防腐第一道防线。

二、要端正职业道德，增强道德观念

一个人如果没有良好的职业道德，就不会去干好本职工作，心思也不会放在单位发展上，而是会想方设法如何为自己捞好处，见利就图，有乐就亨，这种人最终不但害了自己，也害了单位。我们作为一名政府党委书记，能做到岗位来之不易，要好好珍惜，不要把岗位当作捞钱的本钱，为一时的贪欲而毁了自己。所以一定要端正好从业道德思想，要有道德廉耻观念，严守职业道德底线，在人生上要淡泊名利，淡定从容面对一切;在工作上要向上对得起政府向下对得起员工，尽心尽力为政府发展干好本职工作。

三、要知足常乐，保持平衡心态

作为政府的党委书记，个人的收入在政府中属于中上以上的，比上不足比下有余，知足者为乐，不要一味去攀比虚荣、奢华，欲望是没有止境的。不要老把报酬看第一位。人活着不能一直欲望金钱、一味追求虚荣和奢华，这样会为了一时贪欲而断送前程，连累家庭、政府，因一失足而成千古恨。要知足常乐，俗话说：为人不贪一身轻松。

四、要管住小节，守好自己的情操和品质

现在有的人认为这个年代吃吃喝喝不算啥，收点小礼没什么，生活作风随便一点不要太认真。这些人正是平时在小事小节上放松了自我约束，忘记了自己的职责，从很多反腐教育反面教育片和教材来看，许多政府人员走上犯罪道路，正是从“小恩小惠”、小节开始，慢慢放松警惕，一步一步被拖下水，最后成为阶下囚。从这些人的身上为我们敲响了警钟，我们要从这些反面教材跟吸取教训，并以此为戒，时时保持清醒的头脑，防止因小节不保而酿成大错。做到见诱惑心不动，见财物心不痒，君子取财取之有道，不是我们劳动所得就不要拿，要用健康的体魄、好的心态去干好我们的工作，拿我们该拿的劳动所得，与妻子孩子共享家庭快乐。

五、杜绝同类问题再次发生

我将严格按照制度以及上级的工作要求，切实加强日常工作监管，及时发现工作出现的不良倾向和苗头，将问题消除在萌芽状态，防患于未然，杜绝此类事件的再次发生。

最后，我恳请市委领导们，谅我初次违纪，并已下决心痛改前非，对我这次违纪给予宽大处理。我一定努力工作，将功补过，望市委慎重考验我。

此致

敬礼!

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