怀念的英语作文初中最新20篇

Many people, sometimes myself included, tend to judge a person by his

appearances.

I was afraid of my uncle who has a scared tattoo on his arm till my mother

told me a “story”. When I was a three-year-old naught boy, I always ran around

the neighborhood with my toy saber. Unfortunately, one day I hit a wild dog by

accident. The dog became crazy and tried to bite me. It was that time my uncle

appeared and protected me with his strong arm. However, this accident left a

scar on his arm. My uncle went to get a tattoo in order to cover up the scars.

From that moment, he is my hero in stead of a bad looking uncle.

So we need to go beyond peoples looks and focus on more internal spirits

in order to truly judge a person.

Yesterday s weather is really gratifying.

Early morning, I just got up, I heard "rumbling ... ..." thunder, I look out the window, the sky is as low as the hand can touch to touch.

Soon, a rain dripping up, like silk, like cattle hair. This is a timely rain, because a few days ago just experienced a dust storm, this rain enough to clean all the dust. thats nice!

Autumn is like a shy girl is the same as the earth father and son pouring thoughts.

This is like a rain of rain under a rain, a burst of pouring rain pouring down, and soon, the playground has become a vast ocean. Rainwater on the campus merged into a stream, they like an appointment like the same direction to catch, gradually in the playground low sink into a lake, the middle of the big puddle has become the central island of the lake. More interesting! Rain or keep the next, the rain dripping on the water cheerful dance.

The rain finally stopped, the rain was fine, the sun and the public can not wait to face from the gloomy dark clouds behind the girl jumped out. Suddenly, the sky is a bright and clean, like washed the same, the air is fresh and fresh, the distance of the scene also see more clearly. Especially the flowers, become particularly bright, and they winked to the people waving; that lovely little grass, green Yingying, who hung with emerald, swaying in the breeze, posing a fresh breath; In front of the tree that cover the old pine trees, just after the bath has become particularly spiritual, stretching the arm to welcome the sun father ... ...

Autumn rain, I love you, you will always be wiped out in my mind impetuous and arrogant.

我的卧室

My Bedroom

I have a beautiful and sweet bedroom. My mother decorates it for me. She always says that a girl deserves a bedroom like a princess. The main colors of my room are pink and white. The wall, the bed and the chest are pink. And the desk is white. The curtains are beautiful with lovely followers on them. Every day when I open my eyes, I feel happy and beloved. I clean my room often and tidy my things up. I don’t want it become dirty or in a mess. I am thankful to my parents.

通过上面对我的卧室的介绍，相信大家已经对我的卧室都有个了解了吧，希望上面的知识给同学们的写作很好的帮助。

[初中英语作文我的卧室

People always say that we are lacking of the eyes of realizing the beauty

in life. I can’t agree with it anymore. Last week, I woke up very early in the

morning, so I decided to take a walk. The street was very quiet and there were

many old people dancing in the square. Without many cars, I realized the city

looked so clean and beautiful. Some coffee shops decorates so well, which

attrated my eyes. The city was coverd by the green trees, which made it a green

city. I liked this feeling so much. At this moment, I found the city was so

lovely, I just ingored its beauty usually.

My schoool life is busy and fantastic. First, we have four classes in the morning and three in the afternoon. We have to get to school before 7:30 because we have a morning class. Second, I like my school life because teachers and my classmates are friendly and helpful. We also have lots of after-school activies. Third, our school environment is very beautiful, the teachers all can make their lesson interesting and instructive. So I like my school life very much.

[校园生活英语作文初中

Dear Mr.Brown:

As I have not heard of you for long, I feel anxious.How are you doing in this winter vocation.Some of my classmates intend to travel,because they think it can relax themself.There has some students plans to read more books at home,in order to make a preparation for the learning of future.Other schoolmates prepare to take part in physical exercise,just for keep their health.By the way, my plan of winter vocation is doing more houseworks for my mother,because she is very hard to do that.I want to relieve her burden.

Let me hear if you receive the letter safely.

Yours

[寒假的计划初中英语作文

good environment can make people feel happy and fit . to improve the environment means to improve our life.

we should plant more trees and flowers around us . we shouldn’t cut them down . we should stop factories from pouring waste water into the river and waste gas into the air.

whenever we see litter on the ground , we should pick it up and throw it into dusbins. never spit in public. don’t draw on public walls. it’s our duty to protect the environment.

I go to school at half past seven every morning.

我每天早上7点半上学.

When i get to school, i have to do the cleaning with my classmates.

当我回到学校的时候,我要和我的同学一起做值日.

After that i have 4 lessons in the morning and 2 lessons in the afternoon.

紧接着,我上午要上4节课,下午要上两节课.

The school is over at about half past four.

下午四点半放学

My favourite teacher is my english teacher and of course my favourite subject is also english.

我最喜欢的是英语老师,所以我最爱的科目也当然是英语.

My maths is just a mess. I cant understand what the teacher is talking about.

我的数学比较差.因为我听不明白老师上课讲什么.

I dont know how to solve this problem.

我不知道要怎么去解决这个问题.

Anyway, i enjoy my school life.

但无论如何,我很享受学校的生活

I join English Corner every week. I can speak English with many other students there.

我每周参加英语角.我可以跟许多其他学生用英语交流.

Its very interesting and exciting.

很有趣也很兴奋

We play basketball,volleyball, ping-pong at the rest time. They are very relaxing.

在空余时间我们会打篮球.排球和兵乓球.它们都可以让我感到放松.

I like my lessons, my friends and my teachers.

我喜欢我的课程,朋友和老师.

All in all, I love my school.

总而言之,我很爱我的学校.

I find my school life is more and more meaningful and colorful.

我发现我的学校生活越来越有意义和丰富多彩.

My school life is wonderful.

我的学校生活很精彩.

Father’s Day is coming and you must be thinking of giving a present to your father。 Different people like different kinds of gifts。

If you have enough pocket money， you can buy a useful but not expensive thing， like a tie。 I think your father will like it。 But if you don’t have enough pocket money， you can do something that you can do， for example， you can prepare a cup of tea。 When your father comes back from work， he can drink it。

No matter what you do， the most important thing is to make your father happy on Father’s Day。 Don’t you think so?

A few days ago, the movie Red Sea Operation was very hot and people were

very impressive about the policemen, who saved the citizens lives in a very

urgent situation, some even sacrificed their lives as the price. We live in a

peaceful country. This is because policemen protect us all the time, and they

are the great persons. March 14th is the policemens day, people make this day

for them and show respect. They deserve the publics praise. They sacrifice so

much, such as the time to accompany their families. Many childrens future dream

is to be a policeman, as this career brings the public hope and future.

Born in America, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor. He was once thought to be a boy who was not worth educating. In fact, he was a man full of imagination.

I admire Edison a lot because of his great contribution to the world. He had more than 1,000 inventions. In his lifetime, he was always eager to know how things worked, which helped him to earn the nickname the Wizard of Melo Park .He was also so diligent that he worked day and night. And this explained why he had so many great inventions.

What impresses me most is his famous saying, Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration. Probably I cannot be an Edison myself, but I can be a hard-working learner. From him, I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born, but what you are doing and how you do it in your life.

[介绍人物初中英语作文

The Palace Museum is located on city center in Peking.China is existing

biggest, most integrity of thou building cluster.It is been one of five greatest

temples in the world by the fame.

The Palace Museum start to set up in A.D.1406, the Palace Museum have the

size courtyard more than 90s and the house contain 980 and add up to 8704.the

Palace Museum surroundings surround 12 meters in height, long the Palace Museum

wall of 3400 meters, form is one rectangular city defense, there is 52 meter

wide moat outside the wall surround, formation a fortress of severe barracks.The

Palace Museum has 4 doors, center door Wu door, east door Donghua door, west

door Xihua door, north door Shengwu door.

Hello, my name is wang yan, a high heart can meet all of you, for me, is more stubborn, I decided that things will never change, unless you are right I was wrong.

Early in the morning, standing in front of the mirror, look in the mirror in the familiar face, feel oneself was a child, but I was in junior, is no longer a child.

Think of every little bit of good friends, unconsciously tears just climbed up the face, yeah! And did six years of his close friend, to this, that separate is separate, there must be many. But whats the use? Time is not to say stop. I still face the reality!

I am very forgetful, once, I cant find my shoes, anyway by mother remind later discovered I wash the shoes, on the outside. You said I am not forgetful forgetfulness.

I like the teachers help, but Im very careless, often counterproductive. Once the teacher asked me to help him finish his writing board, as a result, I listen to the blackboard writing all wipe up, the teacher without saying anything hard writing blackboard writing brush. The teacher got red in the face. Funny you say is not funny.

I am such a person, to welcome you all to find my friends! Im very good friends but oh ~ ~

一个十二岁的女孩，高高的个子，瓜子型的脸上镶嵌着一对大眼睛，长长的睫毛显得大眼睛十分灵动，不仅如此，她还遗传妈妈，双眼皮宽宽的，但是她也像妈妈一样戴上了眼镜。她有宽宽的脑门，鼻子下面是一张能说会道的嘴巴。你猜出这是谁了吗?其实，这就是我!

我在学校是一个乖巧听话，令老师喜欢的孩子，谁会相信这样一个女孩回到家就摇身一变，成了顽皮，又带着无理取闹的丫头了，但这却是事实。

在家里，我和妈妈吵吵闹闹是常有的事，因为互不服气。有一次，我和妈妈去参加她朋友的婚礼，当时下了雨，天气较凉，但我依然想穿着裙子去，妈妈不肯，为了这事，我们吵了起来。“可以穿，坐车去又不冷!”“不可能，你想感冒吗?”妈妈瞪着我，眼睛像葡萄一样大，我则毫不示弱，昂着头像小斗鸡似的，吵个不停。最后妈妈要发怒了，我一看，赶紧妥协，撇着嘴，带着满腔不情愿说：“不穿，行了吧。”这就是我，双面性格的我。

在学校担任班长职务的我，当然要开班会了。我清了清嗓子，走上讲台，开始了首次班会。

“同学们，我们今天来学习中学生日常行为规范……”我有条不紊的进行着班会，这可都要靠我平时积累的生活和六年在校的经验，而且还有我良好的语言表达能力。我按老师说的，提问同学，举例说明等等。要知道，现在我能站在台上大胆发言，是因为小学时担任过许多活动的主持人，充分锻炼了自己，所以我有信心开好班会。在老师的总结和同学们的掌声中我走下了讲台，顺利结束了班会。这就是我，自信勇敢的我。

每个星期天，我都不会错过科技频道《自然传奇》这个节目。有时看得入迷，妈妈叫我两三次我都没有听见。我喜欢它是因为它能告诉我自然界的许多知识，比如蚂蚁筑巢，各种蜘蛛如何捕食，植物的很多特点等等。而我最大的梦想，注意不是理想，就是去全球动植物最丰富的亚马逊丛林历险。这就是我，热爱自然的我。

这就是我，有双面性格的我;这就是我，自信勇敢的我;这就是我，热爱自然的我，你们了解我了吗?

It

is important to know our good and bad points because this knowledge will help us

to improve ourself. We should examine ourselves and learn who we are.

Above

all, we should recognize our strengths and weaknesses. For example, I am healthy

and fit, so I can work hard. Im also optimistic, humble and polite. These are

my strengths. However, I also have weaknesses. For one thing, Im stubborn and a

little impatient. Im sometimes lazy as well and can spent a whole day just

watching TV and eating junk food. Im not ashamed to admit these bad pints.

Knowing what they are lets me focus on improving myself.

this year‘s summer vacation was most enjoyable. i spent fifteen days helping my grandparents doing farm work in the countryside， where i saw mountains fields covered with green plants. sometimes i went swimming in the river to the west of the village， the water in which was quite clear.

i kept a diary every day. besides doing farm work， i help the children in the neighborhood with their lessons. all of them showed interest in english. they could read write wellthey could hardly understand simple english. so every day in the morning i spent about two hours helping them improve their listening spoken english. they all made great progress. their parents all thought highly of me. i now realize that knowledge is very needed in the countryside.

[暑假日记初中英语作文

Nowadays, more and more students fall in love in middle schools that

worries teachers and parents. As for me, I don’t agree to puppy love. No matter

admit it or not, puppy love will certainly have negative influence on study,

because it takes much time and energy. But the most important is that middle

school students are not mature enough to operate a relationship. The favorable

impression to others may be the momentary impulse that will not last very long

time. The middle school students are so young and unthoughtful to take the

responsibilities of love. What should they do is put their study in priority and

wait with patience, because true love is worth of waiting.

我的小屋，不是很繁华，也不是很宽敞，但是却很温馨。

I am living in (自己写). It has a wonderful envirnment. I can see flowers and trees from my house. there is a playground right in front of my block. Children always play there and senior citizens do exercises. Public transport is convience. School, hospital and super market are only a few minutes away. I like my housing estate very much.

对于自己的小屋，同学们是什么样的看法呢？将自己的小屋在这里描述下来吧！

初中英语写作范文：保护眼睛

眼睛对我们很重要，同学们一定要很好的保护自己的眼睛哦。

保护眼睛

Protect Our Eyes

Nowadays, there are more and more students becoming short-sighted. Some students get short-sightedness when they are little. There are fifteen students wearing glasses in my class. Being short-sighted is common among students, even in primary school. That is too serious. Therefore, we should protect our eyes carefully. When we are reading and writing, we should keep a standard posture. Besides, we should not watch TV or play computer for too long. They are bad for our eyes. And, we should do eyes exercises regularly. A good rest is also important to our eyes. In all, eyes are the windows of our mind. We should keep it healthy.

现在，越来越多的学生近视了。有些学生在很小的时候就近视了。我们班上有十五个学生戴眼镜。近视在学生中变得很普遍，甚至是在小学。这种情况很严重。因此，我们应该好好保护眼睛。当我们读书写字的时候，我们应该保持正确的姿势。此外，不要长时间看电视或玩电脑，对我们的眼睛不好。并且，我们应该有规律的做眼保健操。好的睡眠对我们的眼睛也很重要。总之，眼睛是我们心里的窗口，我们应该保持它健康。

希望同学们都能很好的保护眼睛，相信同学们会做的很好的吧，好好学习英语知识吧。

初中英语写作范文：第一次坐飞机

同学们都坐过飞机吗，下面是我对我第一次坐飞机的经历的介绍。

第一次坐飞机

My First Experience of Plane

Today I was very excited, because I traveled plane for the first time. My parents and I traveled toBeijingtoday. When the plane took off, I felt it was shaking. But I was not nervous because of excitement. After a while, it stopped shaking and flied higher. I could see the buildings on the ground. They became smaller and smaller. And finally, I couldnt see them anymore. Through the window, I could see the blue sky. It was very clear. Clouds were under the plane. They looked so different from the ground. It was amazing. I like the view very much. It took only two hours to get toBeijing. TheBeijingairport is very large and wonderful. There are many planes and people. I think my trip will be funny.

今天我很兴奋，因为我第一次坐飞机去旅游。今天父母和我去北京旅游。飞机起飞的时候，我感到它在摇晃。但是由于兴奋，我并没有觉得紧张。过了一会，飞机停止摇晃并且飞得更高了。我能够看到地上的建筑，它们越来越小，最后就再也看不到了。透过窗户，我可以看到蓝蓝的天空，很清澈。云朵在飞机下面，它们和地上看上去很不一样，那么惊奇。我很喜欢这风景。到北京花了我们两个小时。北京机场很大很壮观，飞机和人都很多。我觉得我的旅途一定会很有趣的。

通过上面我对第一次坐飞机的经历介绍，相信大家都很想坐飞机吧，相信大家一定会有机会的哦。

初中英语写作范文：寒假计划

虽然寒假已经过去了，但下面是我对我的寒假计划的介绍，希望大家看看哦。

寒假计划

Plan for Winter Holiday

The winter holiday is coming. I expect it very much, because the Spring Festival is the most important event in the holiday. First, I will relax myself. This term I work very hard, so during the holiday, I want to have fun. My families will go back to the hometown. We will get together to celebrate the Spring Festival. I like families getting together and organizing various activities. It’s funny and warm. Of course, study can’t be ignored. After the festival, I will spend some time on my study. There will be exercises for the holiday. And I will do some reviews for next term. Math is my weakness, so I must work hard to improve it. This is my plan for winter holiday.

寒假即将来临。我很期待它的到来，因为春节是这个假期最重要的节日。首先，我会放松一下自己。这个学期我学习很努力，所以假期期间我想玩玩。我的家人会回老家过节，我们将一起庆祝春节。我喜欢家人团聚在一起组织各种各样的活动，有趣而又温暖。当然，学习也是不容忽视的。春节过后，我会花些时间在学习上。我会完成一些寒假作业然后预习一些下学期的内容。数学是我的弱项，因此我必须努力提高它。这就是我的寒假计划。

上面就是我的寒假计划，希望同学们对自己的每一件事都有个自己的计划，一切都安排好，合理的安排自己的时间哦。

初中英语写作范文：这就是我

这就是我，大家对我还不熟悉吧，下面我来介绍一下吧。

这就是我

This Is Me

My name is Li Xing, a boy in fourteen years old. I come from Dalian, Liaoning Province, which is a beautiful and energetic city. Every year, thousands of tourists visit there. There are three people in my family, my parents and I. My parents are doctors who work in a big hospital in my city. I have many interests. Swimming, reading and movie are my favorites, which bring color to my busy study life. In study, I am good at Chinese and English, while math is my weakness. I work very hard to improve it, but it doesn’t work very well. Besides, I am easygoing and likely to make friends with others. Friendship is an important part of my life.

我叫李兴，今年十四岁。我来自辽宁省大连市。这是一个美丽而又充满活力的城市。每年都有成千上万的游客来这里参观。我家共有三口人，父母和我。我的父母都是大医院的医生。我有很多爱好，其中游泳，阅读和电影是我最喜欢的。它们给我忙碌的学习生活带来了很多色彩。我擅长语文和英语，而数学则是我的弱项。尽管我很努力去提高它，但是并没有很大的作用。除此之外，我也是个外向的人，喜欢和别人做朋友。友情是我生活中重要的一部分。

这就是我，一个完完整整的我，一个不一样的我，一个地球上仅有的我，希望我给大家留下很好的印象哦。

我的学习计划

下面是我对新学期的学习计划的介绍，希望同学们很好的看看下面讲解的知识。

学习计划 Study Plan

At the beginning of this term, I made a plan for my study. Now, I find that I carry it out well in the past month. I was poor in Chinese and English last semester. Therefore, I put the two subjects in the priority and I spent much time on them. Happily, I made progress in the two subjects this semester. Besides, math and physics is not so hard for me, but I must do many exercises to improve my knowledge. Half of an hour for each is necessary and I have always been doing so. The other subjects are easy for me. As long as I carefully listen to the teacher in the class and do some reviews, I can do well in them. While, it does not mean that I attach no importance to them. I make plan for my study to ensure the efficiency of my study.

开学之初，我给我的的学习制定了一个计划。现在，我发现在过去的一个月我能够很好的实行。上个学期我的语文和英语很差，因此我把这两个科目作为我的首要任务并花很多时间在上面。很高兴的是，这学期我这两科取得了进步。此外，数学和物理对我来说不是很难，但是我必须多做练习来增加我的知识。每个科目花上半个小时是有必要的，我一直都是这样做的。其他的科目对我来说很容桂。只要我课堂上认真听课，课后复习我就能够把它们做好。但是，这也不意味着我不重视它们。我给我的学习制定计划以保证我的学习效率。

通过上面我对我的学习计划的介绍，希望给同学们的学习很好的帮助，相信同学们会学习的很好的哦。

[初中英语作文：我的小屋

I went the park near my school with my family on Sunday. This park was holding a interesting garden party, where was crowded by many people. When sunday, the park was always very crowded. There was a lot of old men doing morning exercises, and many children going with their parents. During our around walking, I saw my classmate XX boating there. I said hello to her, and she asked me to enjoy boating with her. So I took the boat, and speaked with XX for a while. Then we pulled the boat over, where planted a few lilies,which was my faverate flower. I used my digital camera taking several picture. At that time, my cellphone was ringing. That is my mother, she call me for going back.

[初中英语作文：公园的星期天

20XX.X.X 晴

Mom bought me a pair of skating shoes at my fifth birthday. From then on, I developed the hobby of skating. It not only makes me stronger and stronger, but also helps me know many truths of life. I know that it is normal to fall, and if only you can get on your feet again and keep on moving, you are very good!

Chinese New Year starts with the new moon on the first day of the new year

and ends on the the full days later. In china,people regard Spring Festival as

the most important thing.People studied and worked throughout the year.No matter

how far and how busy, they must do their best to go back home.Thats a tradition

and now becoming a habit. During this time,transport is extremely busy.Although

the way is difficult,it cant reduce the urgent feeling of going home.I cant

describe this feeling,only the people that experienced it can

understand.Actually,on one hand,people miss their family,and they need to get

comfort in the family.On the other hand,getting together is a symbol of

blessedness and auspiciousness.People in other country dont have this

consciousness that going home is necessary.For example,American could celebrate

the Christmas in everywhere they like or with anybody.This diversity is

occasioned by different culture between two countries.

On Spring festivals eve,the whole family prepare the dinner.Of

course,dumplings is essential.In the

evening,family members always sit at the television and watch Spring

Festival Gala.At 0:00,people set off firecrackers and fireworks,at the same

time,children pay New Year,s call to old people.The old people give money to the

children as a lunar new year gift.Usually,people stay up late or all night.

On lunar New Years Day, the Chinese family eat vegetarian dumplings which

imply they will plain and neat in this year. People change their new

clothes,this stands for a new beginning.Next,people visit relatives with some

gifts.The second day is son-in-laws festival,the husband and married women

visit their side of the family.In a word,Chinese attach great importance to

Spring Festival.

谚语是广泛流传于民间的言简意赅的短语，多数反映了劳动人民的生活实践经验，而且一般都是经过口头传下来的。它多是口语形式的通俗易懂的短句或韵语。今天小编为你带来的是初中常用英语谚语大全，希望对你有帮助。

Look before you leap. First think, then act.三思而后行。

All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。

Art is long, but life is short. 人生有限，学问无涯。

No pains, no gains.不劳则无获。

Nothing is difficult to the man who will try. 世上无难事，只要肯登攀。

Where there is life, there is hope. 生命不息，希望常在。

An idle youth, a needy age. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。

We must not lie down, and cry, God help us. 求神不如求己。

A plant may produce new flowers; man is young but once. 花有重开日，人无再少年。

Stick to it, and you’ll succeed. 只要人有恒，万事都能成。

Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise. 早睡早起，富裕、聪明、身体好。

A good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口。

It is good to learn at another man’s cost.前车之鉴。

Keeping is harder than winning. 创业不易，守业更难。

Let’s cross the bridge when we come to it.船到桥头自然直。

More haste, less speed.欲速则不达。

It is never too late to mend. 亡羊补牢，犹为未晚。

Light come, light go.来得容易，去得快。

Time is money.时间就是金钱。

A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真交。

Great hopes make great man. 远大的希望，造就伟大的人物。

After a storm comes a calm. 雨过天晴。

Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。

Well begun is half done. 好的开端是成功的一半。

East, west, home is best. 金窝、银窝，不如自己的草窝。

There is no royal road to learning. 学无坦途。

God helps those who help themselves. 自助者，天助之。

What may be done at any time will be done at no time. 明日待明日，明日不再来。

All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只工作，不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。

Diligence is the mother of success. 勤奋是成功之母。

It never rains but it pours.祸不单行。

In doing we learn.经一事，长一智。

Easier said than done. 说起来容易做起来难。

An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. 一分预防胜似十分治疗。

Industry is fortune’s right hand, and frugality her left. 勤勉是幸运的右手，节约是幸运的左手。

Genius is one percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration. 天才一分来自灵感，九十九分来自勤奋。

Truth is the daughter of time. 时间见真理。

Take care of the pence, and the pounds will take care of themselves. 积少自然成多。

No man is wise at all times. 智者千虑，必有一失。

Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.今天能做的事绝不要拖到明天。

Live and learn.活到老，学到老。

Kill two birds with one stone.一石双鸟。

He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。

Courage and resolution are the spirit and soul of virtue. 勇敢和坚决是美德的灵魂。

United we stand, divided we fall. 合即立，分即垮。

There is no smoke without fire. 无风不起浪。

Many hands make light work. 人多好办事。