有关合作高一英语作文精彩19篇

When people start to set the goal, they will think about the result immediately, of course they want to get the best result. If people can predict the result, most of them will give up by knowing the unsuccessful ending. It seems that if the result is bad, what people work for is meaningless. Well, in my opinion, the process of fighting for the goal is much more important than the result. When we fight for our goal, we will do our best and try to improve ourselves, even we fail in the end, but when we look back at the beginning, we can find that we are no longer the childish ones, we have grown up and become mature. What’s more, on the process of fighting, we get close to success, as the saying that fail is the mother of success. So don’t treat the result so serious, just enjoy the process.

当人们开始定目标，他们会立刻想到结果，当然他们想要得到最好的结果。如果人们能够预知结果，他们大部分人会因为知道失败的结果而不去尝试。似乎如果结果是坏的，人们所做的努力就会没有意义。然而，在我看来，为目标而奋斗的过程比结果重要得多。当我们为了目标而奋斗的时候，会努力做到最好，尝试提高自己，即使最终失败，但是在我们回望开始的时候，就会发现我们不再是那个天真的自己，我们已经长大，变得成熟。而且，在奋斗的过程中，我们离成功也近了一步，正如有句话叫失败是成功之母。因此不要把结果看得那么严重，享受过程就好。

[高一英语作文带翻译

Novak Djokovic is one of the top tennis players in the world. He has won

many grand slams, which is the greatest honor for a player, but there is only

one grand slam he hadn’t achieved—the French Open. In the last three years, he

was so close to the champion, but was defeated by the final winner. In order to

fulfill career Grand Slam, he practised so hard and never felt depressed. This

year, he came to the final match again, everybody wanted him to win the match,

for they knew how important the champion was to him. At the first game, he felt

a little nervous and lost, but in the second and third game, he found his pace

and controlled the match. At last, he beat his rival and finally fulfilled his

career Grand Slam. The dream was not easy to realized but insistance helps him

wins.

My holiday life is over. Since this holiday, I dont have a good learning, just have been playing. Despite the homework finished, but also had a lot of thought to play a game. Alongside parents has been nagging, I also. Almost every day will get noisy, scolded, I also enough! I still think that life at school better, in the home, every day listening to the parents nagging, listening ear flood-battered residents, or nag constantly; In school, in addition to the teacher, nobody tube, free, free, and she is comfortable... Ah! This holiday season, has gone so fast, I miss my school, the school, can run, standing long jump in the playground at night, tired, rest back in class; After night lessons, take a hot bath, lying in bed rest, unconsciously could fall asleep... Miss when I was a childs life, but all over now, dont want to grow up, I gradually grew up, cherish life now, study hard, this is my goal now.

我的假期生活结束了。这个假期以来，我没有好好的学习，只是一直在玩耍。尽管作业写完了，可是也费了不少心思来玩游戏。旁边还有父母一直在唠叨，我也不服。每天几乎都会挨吵、挨骂，我也受够了!我还是认为在学校的生活比较好些，在家里，每天听着父母的唠叨，听的耳朵起茧子了，还是唠叨得不停;在学校，除老师之外，没有人管，无拘无束，自由自在，自己也舒服些……哎!这个假期，这么快的就过去了，我真怀念我的学校，那所中学，晚上可以在操场上跑步、立定跳远，累了，回到班中休息;下晚自习后，洗个热水澡，躺在床上休息，不知不觉中就能睡着……真怀念小时候的生活，可是一切都过去了，不想长大的我渐渐长大了，珍惜现在的生活，好好学习，这就是我现在的目标了。

导语：小编精心整理了高一英语优秀作文，希望大家能从中获益，在高一阶段打好英语写作基础。

The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is the Chong Yang Festival, a traditional festival in China. The celebrating activities are various and romantic ,including climbing mountains , appreciating chrysanthemums , wearing dogwoods , eating the Chong Yang cake and so on . Nine has the same pronunciation as the Chinese character jiu which stands for a long time , and is the biggest single figure . Therefore it indicts longevity. There have been a lot of poems and works celebrating Chong Yang Festival and praising chrysanthemums since ancient times. People also believe that climbing mountains can expel bad luck, and indicates climbing to a higher position and longevity. China designates the ninth day of the ninth month as Senior s Day , which combine tradition with modern times subtly to turn it into a festival for respecting , caring about , loving , and helping the elderly people .

农历九月初九为中国传统的节日重阳节。庆祝重阳节的活动多彩而浪漫，包括登高远眺、观赏菊花、遍插茱萸、吃重阳糕等。九与汉字久同音，又是个位数字之最，因此寓意长寿长久。自古以来，有不少贺重阳用菊花的诗词佳作。人们还以为，登高可以驱除霉运，意指晋升高位和长寿。中国把九月九日定为老人节，传统与现代巧妙地结合，使之成为一个尊老、敬老、助老的节日。

When it comes to success, different people have different opinions about

what makes it come true. Some people regard hard-working as an essential quality

to success while others believe being clever would lead to success. From my

point of view, I think perseverance and hard-working are indispensable for those

who want to make an achievement.

Firstly, perseverance let people step closely towards success. Most people

want to make a big difference to prove their value. People who set their goal

and keep moving would make their dream come true. However, there are some people

who set their goal but they stop at the difficulty would fail in the end. I

think the difference between success and failure is perseverance. If we have

perseverance, even if we are not clever, we will make a great difference, but if

we not, we are doomed to lose. As we all know, Edison is a great inventor in the

world. However, before he invented the bulb, he kept trying for tens of

thousands of times to find a suitable wire. Let us imagine, if he gave up at the

999th, then how he couldn’t become so successful. So, I strongly believe that

perseverance produces success.

Secondly, there is also a kind of people who are born with cleverness, I

think they are lucky. Nevertheless, if they don’t make a hard work on their way

to their goal, they, absolutely, will become loser. Whether we are gifted for

intelligent, we must be hard-working so as to success. I regard hard-working as

an efficient approach to be successful because I believe ‘pains and gains’. As

for those who do not make great efforts on work, failure follows. In old times,

there is a clever boy who can make excellent poem when he can talk. When his

father found the little child’s cleverness, he just let the child make poems to

show around while never let the boy learned anything. When the boy grew up,

people forgot him because he lost the ability to compose poems and became

ordinary as others. From this matter, we can see that only by hard-working can

we get knowledge and make a good future.

Anyway, I think perseverance and hard-working are both important in our way

to success for they enhance us and produce success.

写作练习：旅游活动（中段考范文）

【单元财富运用】

假定你是李华，上周末和家人开车去大角湾度假。请你根据以下要点，给你的美国朋友Tom介绍你的旅游经历。

1. 出发时间：周六早上7点；

2. 准备物品：零食、衣服、相机等；

3. 旅游活动：游泳，欣赏海水、海滩、日出和日落等美景，吃海鲜，买纪念品；

4. 你的感受。

【注意】：1. 词数100；

2. 开头已给出，但不计入总词数；

3. 可以适当增加节，以使行文连贯。

Last weekend my family and I went to Dajiaowan Gulf for a holiday.______________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

步骤1：认真审题，提炼要点。

一定体裁：记叙文，记叙一次旅游活动

二定时态：旅游发生在过去，因此描述旅游前的准备和过程都应该采用一般过去

时；而感想则可以用一般现在时或现在完成时。

三定要点：结合写作内容，整理和罗列要点。

表达旅游活动的常用词汇：

步骤2：整合信息，连词成句。

1. 星期六早上7点开车出发。

_____________________________________________________________________

2. 准备好零食、衣服、相机等。

__________________________________________________________________

3. 在海滩游泳，欣赏海水日出和日落等美景。

__________________________________________________________________

4. 吃海鲜，买纪念品；

___________________________________________________________________

5. 谈感受。

___________________________________________________________________

步骤3：连句成段，用上适当的关联词。

not only…but also…, where, what’s more /besides / in addition, then, because…..

【我的作文】

Last weekend my family and I went to Dajiaowan Gulf for a holiday.______________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

competition and cooperation

When it comes to competition and cooperation, some people always emphasize competition but neglect cooperation.

Their reasons run as following: to begin with, they believe only competition can help them defeat their counterparts; in addition, they think competition is the only way to lead to success.

But some others hold different opinion. They think cooperation is as important as competition. They base their opinion on the following reasons: on one hand, cooperation can build trust between each other and help to bring long-term relationship; on another hand, cooperation can turn a small and weak business into a big and strong one.

From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that both competition and cooperation are essential to success and thus should be emphasized at the same time.

Competition is Fun

Chairman Mao once made a famous remark about competition, “To battle with God is great fun! To battle with Earth is great fun! To battle with people is great fun!” His words, although seeming a bit too aggressive, have illustrated that competition is never regarded as something formidable by a brave.

Competition exists throughout the evolution of nature and everyone’s life. Creatures compete to survive the merciless environment, eliminating weaker ones; Nations in the world compete for resources and power, and whichever fallen behind is beaten. As for individuals, ever since the very first day of our lives, we are forced into a competition with thousands of others around us, including taking examinations, applying jobs and striving for promotion, the results of which definitely determine our fate. Competition is as real a fact as the air around us that can neither be evaded nor be ignored.

Thus, my dear friends, do not fear competition. Accept it and enjoy it. With competition, you grow stronger, and you gain so much precious experience worth remembering of, regardless of what the outcome would be. Without competition, you cease to grow; you become a dead moth sealed in its own cocoon.

Competition is a common phenomenon in our society . We compete when we play games, we try to do better than others in our study, and there is constant competition for jobs, fame, wealth and so forth. Therefore,we can say that, in a certain sense, competition is one of the motive forces of the development of our modern society.

It is often believed, that competition and cooperation are in opposition to each other. Some people stress competition, without which, in their eyes, there is no responsibility, no drive and ultimately, no progress. Others advocate cooperation whatever they do. They are of the opinion that the dependence of people on one another has increased, without which the society we live in can not keep going smoothly. In reality, we find that in many cases competition goes hand in hand with cooperation. Lets take a football game for example. During the game, one team is competing against the other, but each member of the team must cooperate with his teammates. Otherwise, they would lose the game no matter how skillful each individual player might be. It is clear that competition has much to do with cooperation.

As far as Im concerned, I do not agree with the view that competition and cooperation are always in conflict with each other. In my opinion, while advocating competition, we should never forget cooperation. In our social life, cooperation is especially necessary because most work is fulfilled with or through other people. So Ive come to the conclusion that competition are equally important.

[合作英语作文

Since I went to middle school, I grew up very fast. On the one hand, I live

in school from Monday to Friday, so I need to learn to get along with roommates.

We share the cleaning work to make sure a good environment. It is everybodys

duty to sweep the floor on turn. On the other hand, I need to solve the problems

from life by myself. Without parents by my side all the time, I learn to face

troubles and figure out all the ways to solve them. I become much independent

and stronger. Now I can deal with my stuff alone.

Every family has its own start-up and family precepts. Dan has a osmosis and important influence to everybody, it is like the spring wind people people generally moist summer rain rain, influence people. No home, no society, Dans influence on the society as a whole are huge, countless good start-up can cause necessarily good social conduct.

If a person, he has a good home family trait, so he can surely little detours. And if his family trait, then many walked curved road.

Our family trait is "integrity". Honesty is to open, with a clean SLATE be honest, do your own thing will be accountable, can not pass the buck to others. The letter is to keep your words, words like pour out the water out, cant back, said to himself. In addition to Dan, there is another led people - family precepts. As opposed to a family trait, our family precepts is "good faith, practical work. Work to be steadfast, step-by-step. Like the way to go step by step, rice to a bite to eat. If light thinking about how do things, then do a thing also wont have too big achievements. On the contrary, if a man can do in front of down-to-earth to concentrate on every thing, dont aim high, must be able to accomplish something.

In short, the family is an important part of society, every successful person must have a good family trait and family precepts. And a good family trait family precepts each family member is required to build, only builds the start-up family precepts strictly, can we little detours.

每个家庭都有自己的家风和家训。家风对每个人都有着潜移默化而重要的影响，它就像春风风人夏雨雨人一般滋润，影响着人们。没有家就没有这个社会，家风对整个社会的影响都是巨大的，无数好的家风必然可以引起好的社会风气。

如果一个人，他家中有好的家风，那么他定可以少走弯路;而如果他的家风败坏，那么就少不得走弯弯道了。

我们家的家风便是“诚信”二字。诚就是要堂堂正正，清清白白地诚实做人，自己做的事情就要勇于承担，不能向别人身上推卸责任。而信就是要守信，说出去的话就如同泼出去的水，不能收回来，说过的话自己要做到。除了家风，还有另一个引导着人们的——家训。与家风相对，我们家的家训也是“诚信做人，踏实做事”。做事要踏踏实实，按部就班的做。就像路要一步一步的走，饭要一口一口的吃。如果做事情光想着一步登天，那么干出的事也不会有太大的成就。相反，如果一个人能够脚踏实地的专心做眼前的每件事情，不好高骛远，必然能够有所成就。

总之，家庭是社会的重要组成部分，每个成功的人必定有好的家风和家训。而良好的家风家训需要每个家庭成员来共筑，只有严格筑好家风家训，我们才能少走弯路。

The Lunar New Year is now popularly known as the Spring Festival because it starts from the Begining of Spring . Its origin is too old to be traced. Several explanations are hanging around. All agree, however, that the word Nian, which in modern Chinese solely means year , was originally the name of a monster beast that started to prey on people the night before the beginning of a new year.

One legend goes that the beast Nian had a very big mouth that would swallow a great many people with one bite. People were very scared. One day, an old man came to their rescue, offering to subdue Nian. To Nian he said, I hear say that you are very capable, but can you swallow the other beasts of prey on earth instead of people who are by no means of your worthy opponents? So, it did swallow many of the beasts of prey on earth that also harassed people and their domestic animals from time to time.

After that, the old man disappeared riding the beast Nian. He turned out to be an immortal god. Now that Nian is gone and other beasts of prey are also scared into forests, people begin to enjoy their peaceful life. Before the old man left, he had told people to put up red paper decorations on their windows and doors at each year s end to scare away Nian in case it sneaked back again, because red is the color the beast feared the most.

From then on, the tradition of observing the conquest of Nian is carried on from generation to generation. The term Guo Nian , which may mean Survive the Nian becomes today Celebrate the Year as the word guo in Chinese having both the meaning of pass-over and observe . The custom of putting up red paper and firing fire-crackers to scare away Nian should it have a chance to run loose is still around. However, people today have long forgotten why they are doing all this, except that they feel the color and the sound add to the excitement of the celebratio

There are many excellent stars in various fields at home and abroad, for example Zhou Xun in film industry, Mo Yan in literature, and Bolt in the sports circles. My favorite star is Zhou Xun, who is an outstanding actress. Zhou Xun watched movies since she was a little girl. Her father worked in a cinema, which offered her golden opportunity to access to movie. Maybe her talented performance was developed since then. Over the two decades Zhou Xun performs in TV or movies, her acting is mature day after day, bringing her lots of awards. Now she has become one of the iconic actresses in China. Besides, she advocates herself in philanthropy and environmental protection. Zhou Xun calls on everyone to live a low-carbon life to keep a green and beautiful planet. I like her because of her excellent performing as well as her personality.

在国内外各领域中都有杰出的明星，例如电影界的周迅、文学界的莫言和体育界的博尔特。我最喜欢的明星是周迅，她是一位很棒的电影演员。周迅还是个小孩子时，就接触到了电影。她的爸爸在一间电影院工作，这是她接触电影的绝佳机会，也许她的表演天赋就是从那个时候培养起来的。在她踏足电视电影的二十年里，周迅的表演日渐成熟，也给她带来了许多的荣誉。现在，她已经成为了华语影坛最具标志性的女演员之一。此外，她也热衷于慈善事业和环保。周迅号召大家低碳生活，还我们一个绿色、美丽的地球。我喜欢她，不仅因为她出色的表演，也因为她的人格魅力。

[高一英语作文:My Favorite Star

The Danger of Online Love Affair

As the Internet has been widely developed, searching the Internet has been part of our life. We use the Internet to communicate with friends and make new friends, as the way to know somebody becomes easy, people like to make friends through computer. Often two strangers know through Internet, they talk for a while and feel it is so comfortable to chat. So they develop their love relationship on the Internet. Such phenomenon is so common today. It has been reported that many teenagers addicted in love affair in the Internet, some of them get hurt while they met with the other. As the two strangers never meet, what they told each other is always not true, one of them may be bad guy, he may in want of money, meeting them is very dangerous. Teenagers are the main victims of the love affair online, because they are so young and innocent, teenagers should take care with it.

随着网络的广泛发展，上网已经成为我们生活的一部分。我们通过网络和朋友交流，结交新朋友，随着认识人的途径变得容易，人们喜欢通过电脑结交朋友。经常两个陌生人通过网络认识，经过一段时间的交流，觉得聊得很来。所以他们在网上确立了恋爱关系。这样的情况在今天经常发生。据报道，很多年轻人沉溺于网恋，一些人在和网友见面的时候受到伤害。正如两个年轻人素未谋面，他们告诉彼此的经常不是真的，可能其中一个是坏人，他可能是想要钱，和这样的人见面是很危险的。青少年是网恋的主要受害者，因为他们年轻无知，青少年应该小心使用网络。

Headmaster：

Hello，

My name is LiHong. I heard of our school will hold a activity about

welcoming exchange students from Canada. I want to let one exchange student come

to my home.

I want to know the culture about Canada. I think they are very happy to

tell me their culture. And I can introduce our culture to them. My parents want

to talk with a person who comes from Canada. It’s a good chance for them. So I

hope I can invite an exchange student to come to my home.

Maybe you will ask me if I have ability to talk with them. I can speak

English very well. And my family is rich， so I can make them fell

comfortable.

I can make school be proud of me!

LiHong

Speaking of patriotism, we can think of many patriotic heroes at once. Qu Yuan embraced a patriotic passion to vote in the MI Luo river, which became a thousand ancient songs; Yue Fei backed the thorns of "faithful to the country", and let the world praise them; Wen Tianxiang "lament the lonely ocean in the lonely ocean" and "leave the heart to take the heart of the Qing Dynasty"; Liu Hulans knife before the knife is not low, and Huangs eye is not afraid in front of the eye of the gun. They stand up in front of the achievements, major issues issues of right and wrong, shaking heaven and Earth Spirit of patriotism. Read their stories, often let us respect, admiration and reverence arise spontaneously.

Today, I read the "the most tender, the most pure patriotic heart" in "the Beidou star of the change of life", I deeply feel that the original spirit of patriotism can also be interpreted so. Yes, the 8 year old Xin Yues greatest wish before leaving the world was to stand in front of the Tiananmen to see the flag raising ceremony and listen to the national anthem. Who can say that this is not the most sacred love of patriotism? Are those 119 volunteers just willing to fulfill Xiao Xins wish? Is this not the most real expression of their patriotic feelings?

Patriotism is not necessarily vigorous. In fact, it is not far away. It is around us. Every time the flag raising ceremony, we stand upright and respectfully salute, this is patriotism; the teacher is a hard gardener, we respect the teacher, listen to their teaching, and let oneself become a useful talent for the future construction of the motherland, this is patriotism. We respect our elders and care for them. This is patriotism. Perhaps someone will be surprised: "are these simple behaviors patriotic?" Yes！ From the start, the simple side of things, we can be in front of major issues issues of right and wrong.

Students, let us down from the trivial little things, for the love of the motherland and contribute our utter innocence! Let the Beidou star guide us and illuminate our direction.

Everybody has his or her interest， and interests differ widely from person

to person because of age， sex health and education. To some extent， interest

also reflects ones ability or wish. Interest plays an important part in our

daily life. As a middle school student interest is of great importance in study.

If you want to learn something well， you have to show interest in it， which is

quite possible. Once you have found your way into the subject， you may have also

found a world of curiosities.

In our times， interest may not only result in skill and knowledge but also

lead to great inventions and discoveries. To be a successful person in the world

one should develop ones interest.

Some people like to work alone while others enjoy teamwork. In my opinion, everyone had better learn to work with others together because teamwork is definitely necessary and important in modern society.

有些人喜欢单独工作，而有些人则喜欢团队合作。在我看来，每个人最好学习与他人一起工作，因为团队合作在现代社会是很有必要和重要的。

First, working in a team provides a chance for us to communicate with each other. Just as the saying goes, “many hands make light job.” Working in a team, teammates share their ideas with each other, which is helpful to create a better achievement. Second, working in a team is a way to broaden our horizon. Teammates in a team can learn something from each other because they are from different places, owning various experiences and hold different views towards things. Therefore, getting along with other teammates is also a process of increasing our knowledge. Finally, working in a team is also a way to establish our friendship. Teammates in a team have chances to help each other, to solve the problems together, to share the happiness of being successful, which make a great contribution to establishing friendship. Thus, working in a team is one of the most effective ways to extend our personal relationships.

首先，在一个团队中工作为我们提供了一个彼此沟通的机会。正如俗话所说，“众人拾柴火焰高。”在一个团队中工作，队友们互相分享他们的想法，这有助于创造更好的成绩。第二，在团队中工作是拓宽我们视野的一个好方式。一个团队的队友可以相互学习因为他们来自不同地方，拥有不同的经验并且对事物有不同的看法。因此，和其他队友相处融洽也是增长见识的过程。最后，团体合作有助于建立友谊。在一个团队的队友们有机会互相帮助，共同解决问题，分享成功的快乐，这些都为建立友谊做出很大的贡献。因此，在团队工作是最有效的扩展个人关系的方法之一。

To sum up, to learn to work in a team is really necessary and important and we should try to enjoy it.

总之，学习团队合作是真的很有必要和重要。我们应该尽量享受这一点。

As we all known，food safety problems are more and more popular in our

country，because more cases about food safety problem have appeared.

Firstly，As the old saying goes，the food is what matters to the people。 Food

plays an important role in peoples life。So food safety influences peoples

health and life。Secondly，some producers only think about earning money without

thinking about ensuring food safty。they produce unqualified food.Thirdly， some

food supervisory departpents dont perform their duty pletely。This behavior make

some producer ignore the safety of production.

If we want to solve problems that is illustrated former，we must call on the

supervisory department to manage the food market.And the producers must paly

their roles。 Lastly， we hope that there is law that punish illegal acts.

高一期中考英语作文

Fellw student, I’ glad t tell u sething abut stud and everda life.

T be hnest, I dn’t d well in stud, but I reall wr hard t catch up with ther students. English and ath are the subect I lie st.The reasn wh I lie the is that I’ gd at the.

Getting alng well with thers is iprtant t us, which can ae us happ. Therefre, I’ willing t help thse wh’re in truble.

Besides, I’ interested in sprts. I ften pla basetball with friends tgether. In spare tie, I surf the Internet when I sta at he. Seties I d se reading carefull.

As far as I a cncerned, a gd student shuld nt nl stud well but als have an hbbies.What’s iprtant is that he r she shuld be friendl t thers.

[高一期中考英语作文100字

Dear Mary, Pressure is a serious problem in today’s world. I know you are under too much pressure. You can’t get on well with your classmates; you may worry about your exams. I’m always under pressure, too. My parents want me to be the top student in class. So they send me to all kinds of training classes at weekends.

Last Monday evening, I had a talk with my mother. I told her I was not lazy. I really felt tired. I needed time to relax. My mother agreed with me at last. So I think a conversation with your parents is necessary to solve the problem. Less pressure, better life! Best wishes to you! Your, Jane

亲爱的玛丽，压力是当今世界的一个严重问题。我知道你承受太多的压力。你不能和你的同学相处得很好，你可能会担心你的考试。我总是在压力下。我父母想让我成为一流的学生。所以他们在周末送我去各种培训班。

上个星期一晚上，我和我的妈妈说了一次。我告诉她我不懒。我真的感到很累。我需要时间放松。我妈妈终于同意了。所以我想和你父母的谈话是解决问题的必要的。更少的压力，更好的生活！最美好的祝愿给你！

When it comes to honesty, quite a lot of people believe it is essential to

a person’s character and success.

They base their idea on the following reasons: on one hand, successful

business owes much to mutual trust; on another hand, great people in history

such as Abraham Lincoln andGeorge Washington set us good examples of being

honest, they are great because they are honest.

Their reasons run as following: to begin with, cheating on exams is

becoming more and more popular; in addition, some singers and movie stars cheat

on taxes; last but not the least, if you are not careful enough, you’ll buy some

defective goods and fake products.

It is high time we emphasized and encouraged honesty. We can take effective

measures to restore it.

For example, kids should be taught to tell truth, strict rules and

regulations should be carried out to stop cheatings on exams and taxes, etc.