初中新年计划英语作文汇总2篇 作文汇集20篇

新年好呀，新年好呀伴着这首悦耳动听的歌曲，我们迎来了20xx年。

新年总是热闹的、喜庆的、有浓郁气氛的。看啊，大街的路灯上，全都挂上了一串串灯笼，那火红的着色，就好像马上要燃烧了似的；大大小小的商店里，都摆满了大小不一的灯笼和一幅幅的对联；在超市里，购物的人好像比物品都多，你就看那结账时排的长队的人吧，就像一条长龙；就连在学校的班级里，学生们都等待着开一场热闹的联欢会，他们抑制不住自己心里的喜悦心情，早已把装饰教室用的气球和彩带堆满了书桌，等待着盼望已久的联欢会。

新年是幸福的、美满的、充满祝福的。一家人围着饭桌，在新年晚上一起吃顿团圆饭；节日期间，人们走亲访友，问候自己的亲戚和朋友，将一句句美好的祝福传递给他们；孩子们也互送着各式各样的贺年卡，那一个个小上的字中，传递着他们对伙伴深深的祝福；就连不懂事的咿呀学语的小孩子们，都高兴得欢蹦乱跳，在人们的欢声笑语中说上一声新年快乐。

新年给人以美好的回忆，使人在新的一年里更上一层楼。人们在新的一年里回想过去，成功后的喜悦以及别人的称赞、表扬，失败后得到的教训；把成功的事继续坚持下去，把失败的教训加以总结；有了经验和教训，在新的一年里，一定会有更加美好的收成。

新年——新的一年的开始。在新年到来之际，愿：所有的老人们平平安安，健健康康；所有的叔叔阿姨们工作顺利，万事如意；所有的中学生、小学生们都取得优异的成绩；祝愿所有的人在新的一年里：家庭和和美美，事业一帆风顺，生活幸幸福福，新年快快乐乐！新年更要快乐

这是我给大家的新年祝福。可你知道吗，什么才能够让我们更快乐呢？

[新年随想初中作文

Computer has been part of our life. We use it to work or to keep in touch

with our friends. Computer provides people a way to recognize the world and

share resources. For teenagers, they are so crazy about computer games. There

always news reports teenagers playing computer games for a long time. Some

people blame the company to create online games, while others criticize the

school for not educating children well. Actually, parents have much

responsibility to teach their children the danger of playing online game too

much. Whats more, not every child overuses computer, so it depends on their

behavior.

My winter holiday was very interesting.as that day I got back to my native hometown,cousins and cousines took me to ski.My skiing skill isnt well,got down for 15 times,they laughed at me behind,I cant help smiling too.

The day of spring festival was the most happiness day,we had meal for the first,a table of delicious food,that made me so glad.then we played the fireworks.The childrens waving the lightening ticket while watching the adults playing the fireworks.that was so beautiful!like the stars rainning down the world.at the end,it was time to get the red bag.

We were very exciting,and satisfied.sometimes,we also go shopping and buying something we like.

Winter holiday life was really abundant!

光阴似箭，日月如梭，转眼间，2013年就要来了，新的一年要有新的开始，下面我就来说说我的新年计划吧。

我的首要任务是提高学习成绩。去年我的学习成绩没有取得很大的突破，在新学年里，我要把各科的考试成绩都提高到95分以上！

首先是语文：上学期语文考试我主要栽在了生字上，针对这一点，我给自己定下了计划——每天写两页生字，还要制作一个错字本，把平时写错的字归类整理，反复复习。其次是数学：一提到数学我就懊悔不已，在上学期的数学考试中，有好几道我明明会做的题最后都因为计算错误丢了分，不是漏了小数点，就是看错了数字，比如将数字“9”看成了“6”，这几次“阴沟翻船”的经历让我下定决心要摘掉“马虎大王”的帽子，对于数学，我要采用迂回战术，仔细再仔细，检查再检查，争取每次考试都取得100分。最后是英语：英语可是我的强项，但也不能掉以轻心，在新学期，我计划每天早晨都听上一段英语听力磁带，一天之计在于晨，我相信只要持之以恒，我的英语成绩就会更上一层楼。

我的第二个新年计划是要练出一手好字。

我们班王东华同学的字写得特别好，无论是铅笔字还是钢笔字，他都能写得飘逸隽秀。因为他的字写得好，老师们都喜欢找他帮忙抄写文章，班上的黑板报也由他负责。有一次，语文老师还在班上表扬他说：“王东华的字写得好，参加中考、高考等重要考试时，他的卷面整洁，字迹漂亮，这能给改卷老师留下好印象，为考试加分！”我的字写得不大好，在考试时还经常在试卷上涂涂改改，老师也经常扣掉我的卷面分。听老师说把字写好还能为考试加分，我不禁蠢蠢欲动。在新的一年里，我决心要把字练得和王东华一样好，不但要整洁，还要写出美感。我向王东华打听了，他练的是司马懿的字帖，我也打算买一本司马懿的字帖，每天练两页。听说练字还能陶冶性情、培养毅力呢！这恰好能改掉我做事不专心的坏习惯。

总之，在新的一年里，我会更加努力，争取在德、智、体、美、劳等方面取得更大的进步！

[以我的新年计划为题的作文

My Mother is a kind of gentle woman. She is always very gentle. She takes

good care of her children and keeps them all at school. I have one brother and

two sistets. So she gets four children in all. She gives us every comfort. We

all love her and she loves us also.

My mother has too much to do in bringing us up. As our family is too poor

to keep a servant, my mother has always to do very much work. She gets up very

early and sleeps very late every day. She works hard, yet without

complaining.

She is also a thrifty, and industrious woman. She saves every cent that she

can and keeps everything in order. As she has been busy eversince she was young,

she looks older than she really is. Her face is wrinkled, her hair becomes

silver white, but she works as hard as ever.

Often she says to us, "work while you work, play while you play. If you do

not work, you will become lazy and of no use to society." What piece of good

advice this is! We must worth it well and always keep it in our mind.

On December 25, I spent a memorable happy Christmas!

That day, I meet in schools and students, and the boy to a super fly snow, hee hee, look to bully my boy, do I fly snow, I think only KuangPen KuangPen, see they bully me, finally at half past seven, I finally want to use my weapon, think that the boy to so many people!

We took only a few, blame him, to spell, have never thought the boy so much, I defy spirit, picked up the blowing bottle, ran to the boy, unexpectedly, spray in my eye.

I feel, is that guy use , others also spray dead boy, but, we are still less than boys, make a few girls cry, we know that our dead, unexpectedly Zhang Wen we ran, pull the boy also ran to come over, organize a reunion...

This is a carnival of Christmas!

现在离新年还有几天了，我的心情又开心、又激动。我是小孩子，小孩子最喜欢过年的什么呢？没错，除了放鞭炮、就是领压岁钱。我也不例外。今年，我的压岁钱不是用来吃喝的，那是用来？？好啦，就不跟你们打哑谜了，我今年的压岁钱是用来买一只比熊狗狗的，比熊狗狗是一种非常聪慧，而且非常可爱的小狗狗。又黑又白，也有棕色，它有着大大的眼睛，眼睛里仿佛有着光，发出的光好像在对人说话，好像在说：“主人、主人、快来买我啊”。白色而又柔软的毛，让人不经意的想去摸摸它。在家上粉红的小鼻子，和那长长的而有光亮有粉的的头发，让我的心砰砰直跳，简直让我爱上了他。

尽管说他很贵，但是在一年里我也存了几百块钱，加上这一年的压岁钱，一定能买到的~~~我要对我的小狗狗说：“狗狗，别怕，如果我买了你，我一定会好好的照顾你，一定不会让你受到一点伤害和一丝委屈，我会让你在我温暖的怀抱里，每天过的开开心心，快快乐乐的，过一辈子。

如果，你也有新年计划，请你也像我一样，写下来吧！

The Palace Museum is located on city center in Peking.China is existing

biggest, most integrity of thou building cluster.It is been one of five greatest

temples in the world by the fame.

The Palace Museum start to set up in A.D.1406, the Palace Museum have the

size courtyard more than 90s and the house contain 980 and add up to 8704.the

Palace Museum surroundings surround 12 meters in height, long the Palace Museum

wall of 3400 meters, form is one rectangular city defense, there is 52 meter

wide moat outside the wall surround, formation a fortress of severe barracks.The

Palace Museum has 4 doors, center door Wu door, east door Donghua door, west

door Xihua door, north door Shengwu door.

New Year is finally coming, we have sent away 2017 ushered in 2018, in the new year has a new starting point In this year, I have to study hard, every day, I also want to achieve my last year did not achieve Wish

I want to make a study schedule, schedule my schedule in the new semester and improve my grades through my own efforts. I will also respect my parents and not my parents so that I may have more life experience. I do not know that I got up before 8 oclock. I was distracted when I was homework, and I did not always write anything. I was not willing to let go Learning to go, so that students no longer think I study poor, learning is not good, I want to catch up with those good grades of students, at home, I want to help her mother do the housework, no longer let her mother so tired. I will also chat with my parents, make them happy a little happy.

In the New Year, I have to go outside a few times to travel, to increase my knowledge, not when students talk about these topics have not been embarrassed to go there, I have to learn a lot of ethnic customs, to make themselves even better Close to my own motherland.

This is my 2018 New Year plan, looking forward to the arrival of the new year Looking forward to my achievements in 2018, as the saying goes: aspiring no longer ambitious Hundreds.

通过这次和爸爸妈妈家庭会议的讨论，我明确了以后的学习目标、学习计划以及学习方法。拿数学来说吧，理科是最重要的。数学思维的体操，学好数学，我觉得应该做到独立思考，活跃思维。

老师也说了学好数学的三要素是：概念是关键，方法是保障，思维是灵魂。只有理解了概念，掌握了学习方法，再加上活跃自主的思维学数学会有很大的进步。

英语，课前预习，掌握笔记，牢记单词，熟背文段。每天的笔记，都要整理复习。学会运用所学过的知识，灵活掌握。作业认真准确完成，作业有错及时纠正。分析造成错误的原因，吸取这样的教训。

语文，注重积累，熟背课文诗词。上课认真听讲，认真记笔记。理解每节课每句重点句子以及词语的含义，了解每篇课文的思想中心理解作者当时的心情与环境。学习每篇课文作者的写作方法。

在学好这些主课的同时也要学好政治、历史、地理、生物。学好这几门课，要注重在课堂上的听讲。认真及时做同步训练。做时，不抄书，注重平时的运用及积累。

体育锻炼，更是必不可少的项目。只有身体健康了才能更加有精神的学习。及时参加运动项目，及时定时锻炼身体，增强体质能力。

在学校，也要和同学经常交流，和老师做朋友。让同学们成为排忧解难的伙伴，让老师成为愉悦身心的良师益友。

Dear teacher

Hello! First of all, I wish you a happy Spring Festival and a happy

family!

Time like water, five years of primary school is fleeting. In these five

years, it is you who have given us the blue sky, let us fly freely in the ocean

of knowledge, it is you who have given us sunshine and let us open like

flowers.

I still remember that on the first day of entering the school, our first

Chinese teacher and the first head teacher of my primary school, Ruan, led us to

visit the campus. I was most impressed by her bright laughter and warm eyes. Mr.

Zhu, a lovely math teacher, is very vivid in class. There is also mis Wang, our

English teacher. She is the spirit of our class. At Christmas, she came to our

classmates with a bag of presents on her back. At this moment, your smiling

faces flash in front of my eyes.

After entering the fourth grade, we have to change teachers. Looking at

each others eyes, we are sad. At this time, a small pink figure on the

platform, a baby face, is a pair of bright eyes. Fashion clothing, bright colors

suddenly lit up our small eyes. This is the second head teacher of my primary

school --- Mr. Zhao Ying. Mr. Zhao teaches us how to be a human being ten

minutes before class every day. Tell us that it is not important to win or lose

once, but to never give up and stick to it. Our math teacher is as quick as a

gust of wind, speaking fast, marking homework fast. My slow temperament is often

confused by this speed.

Our English teacher Mr. Wangs decomposition learning method makes me no

longer hate English.

Dear teachers, over the past five years, you have been making great efforts

to educate us. You are like a big tree, and we are thriving in your shade. You

have given us the same care as our mother, which makes me feel extremely happy

and makes me interested in learning,

Yes, sometimes you are very strict with us, and you are often strict with

us. You also often teach us lessons and be responsible for us. Even if we have a

little bit of mistakes, you will find out. But I know that you are for us to

learn better and deeper, so that we can have great achievements in the

future.

Teacher, thank you for your serious and responsible education, thank you

for your concern for us, thank you for teaching us a lot of knowledge, thank you

for your selfless dedication to us, a thousand and ten thousand "thank you" can

not express my gratitude to you!

I wish teachers:

Healthy and beautiful forever!

Your student: Zhou Kexin

十月一日正好是国庆节，也就是祖国妈妈的生日。

每当国庆节来临之际，单位的门上挂起了灯笼，甚至上面都插上了彩旗，门上还张贴了“欢度国庆”四个大字。公园、大街小巷的树上都挂了灯笼。街道两边都摆满了五颜六色的鲜花。到处洋溢着节日气氛。

为了迎国庆，我们有的写作，有的画画，并且要从里面选出几个最好的作品贴在后面，办一个国庆专栏，作为送给祖国妈妈的生日礼物。

祝祖国妈妈生日快乐!

October is just the National Day, that is, the mothers mothers birthday.

When the National Day approaching, the unit hung on the door of the lantern, and even above the plug in the banners, the door also posted the "celebrate the National Day" four characters. Park, the streets of the trees are hung with lanterns. Both sides of the street are filled with colorful flowers. Filled with festive atmosphere everywhere.

In order to meet the National Day, we have some writing, some painting, and from the inside to choose a few best works posted in the back, do a national celebration column, as the mothers birthday gift to the motherland.

I wish my mother a happy birthday!

Summer holiday is coming. How excited! I havemade a plan for my summer holiday. First of all, I will go to Hong Kong tovisit my aunt. And then I will stay with her for a while. As Hong Kong is the shoppingparadise, of course, I will ask my aunt to go shopping with me . I will also eatthe delicious food there. And then I will go home. I know that study comesfirst. So I will finish my homework first. After that I will go out play withmy friends. And then I will take a good rest to prepare for my coming back toschool.

暑假即将来临。多么的兴奋啊！我已经为我的暑假制定了计划。首先，我会去香港拜访我的婶婶。之后我会和她呆一段时间。因为香港是购物天堂，当然我会叫我婶婶陪我一起去购物。我还要吃那里美味的食物。然后我就会回家。我知道学习是最重要的。所以回去之后我会先完成我的暑假作业。之后我就会和我的朋友出去玩。再之后我就会好好的休息来为回校做好准备。

开头

1.关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……

Therearedifferentopinionsamongpeopleasto____.Somepeoplesuggestthat____.

2.俗话说（常言道）……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。

Thereisanoldsaying______.Itstheexperienceofourforefathers，ho博文学习网:初中英语作文结尾句子)haveeverseen.姚明是我所见过的最高的篮球运动员

HelenisthemostbeautifulgirlthatIhaveeverseen.海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩

二、Nothingis+...erthanto+V

Nothingis+more+adj+thanto+V}比较级

Nothingismoreimportantthantopotectourenvironment.没有什么比环保更重要的事

三、cannotemphasizetheimportanceoftoomuch.再怎么强调......的重要性也不为过

Wecannotemphasizetheimportanceofprotectingoureyestoomuch我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过

四、Thereisnodenyingthat+S+V...（不可否认的……）

Thereisnodenyingthatthequalitiesofourlivinghavegonefrombadtoworse不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下

五、Thereisnodoubtthat+句子~~（毫无疑问的……）

Thereisnodoubtthatoureducationalsystemleavessomethingtobedesired.毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意

六、Anadvantageof~~~isthat+句子（……的优点是……）

Anadvantageoftakingexercisesisthatitcanmakeuskeephealthy.锻炼身体的优点是它可以让我们保持健康

七、Thereasonwhy+句子~~~isthat+句子（……的原因是……）

Thereasonwhywehavetogrowtreesisthattheycanprovideuswithfreshair.我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气

八、So+形容词+be+主词+that+句子（如此……以致于……）

Sopreciousistimethatwecantaffordtowasteit.时间是如此珍贵，它经不起我们浪费

九、Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat+句子~~（全世界都知道……）

Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthattreesareindispensabletous全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的

[初中英语作文结尾好词好句

Autumn rain is the rain Ive ever seen in all the season, my favorite rain I am in the fall of the rain, also love autumn this season.

Blink of an eye, that pungent summer girl gone, this naughty autumn brother and walked a strong step to bounce to the ground. He ran to the trees, the leaves of the trees turned yellow; he ran to the grass, and the grass withered; he ran to the people, and people put on the feathers. Perhaps his naughty annoyed the gods, probably his naughty angered God, this is not, the weather has changed.

The whole sky is covered with dark clouds, the weather is very hot, people feel very uncomfortable, animals and I have the same feeling: the fish head to the surface, perhaps the weather is too boring, the fish once again buried his head The ants are pressing down one by one, climbing the hole to find food; occasionally see the road afraid of moving a snake. Rain, you down, you down, animals are also looking forward to a heavy rain!

After a little while, Lei Gong, the mother with their thousands of children - light rain came, a thunder to break the silence, followed by, thin rain fell down, more and more, the more To the greater, and finally, ten million "big soybeans" dripping from the sky. The crowds opened their mouths and tried to suck the sweet rain; the animals made a call, as if they were washing a cool one, and the children around me and I ran to the rain, Wet your clothes and hair, enjoy playing. Rain hit the roof, issued a "pound" sound; rain hit people in the animal umbrella, issued a "bang bang" sound, as if a "rain sonata."

Rain for a long time, finally stopped at the end, the sky appeared a rainbow, the air seems to be filtered like, very fresh, people began a normal work.

Autumn rain really beautiful ah! I love this autumn rain, I love this beautiful autumn!

The spring festival is the day that the families get together.

It is usually in the February. At that day, every family will paste the lucky inscriptions, fire the cracker and eat the dumplings. The day before the new years first day is the new years eve, same as the Christmas eve, all the families get together to have the new years dinner, wish each other, talk about the wishes about the new year. I like that day very much, what about you ?

A Fine Day——《美好的一天》

June 13th     Friday

It is a fine day today. There are some clouds in the sky， but the sun is shining. Mr Jones is with his family. They are walking on the bridge. There are some boats on the river. Mr Jones and his wife are looking at them. Sally is looking at a big ship. The ship is going under the bridge. Tim is looking at an aeroplane. The aeroplane is flying over the river.

译文：美好的一天

今天，天气晴朗，空中有少许云朵，天阳在照耀着。琼斯先生和他的家人在一起。她们在桥上走着，河面上有几艘小船，琼斯先生和他的夫人正看着它们，莎莉正看着一艘大船。它正从桥下经过。蒂姆在看着一架飞机，这架飞机正从河上空飞过。

[初中英语日记美好的一天

Standing in the shore of the beach to the far distance, we have only seen one white. Water and sky merged into one or both days of hard water. Is the so-called: mountain hill lock lock fog fog, even the water the end of days water incessantly. distant sea, the sun shining in the beautiful, the fish shop in the movie like water, like a naughty child constantly jumping shore

Teachers and workers, Party members, teachers and educators in the

county:

happy new year!

On the occasion of spring and winter, the Party committee and

administration of Jiangan County Education Bureau extend their cordial

greetings and festival congratulations to all Party members, cadres, teaching

staff and educators who have worked hard and selflessly on the education front,

and extend the most sincere New Years wishes to the retired comrades who have

contributed their youth to the education reform, development and stability in

our county!

20__ is a fruitful year. The countys education work around the municipal

Party committees "stability and efficiency, innovation and progress" work

requirements and the county Party committee, county governments "145"

development strategy, implemented the work deployment of the Municipal Bureau of

education and sports, worked hard to implement the "12388" education work ideas,

fully completed all the objectives and tasks, won 58 awards of various types at

all levels, overcame one difficulty after another in tackling difficulties, and

achieved success in the transformation and catch-up We got one gratifying result

after another. First, the four major projects of "two bedrooms, one hall and one

road" in rural compulsory education took the lead in fulfilling the solemn

promise of "three-year task and two-year completion" made by the county Party

committee to the municipal Party committee one year ahead of schedule. Its

working practices have been communicated and promoted in the City for four times

and have been publicized and praised by the whole city; Second, the teaching

quality of each stage has been comprehensively improved and the goal and task of

"three-year action plan for quality improvement" of the county Party committee

and the county government has been successfully completed. Preschool education

has won the first prize of the city (third place), the teaching quality of

compulsory education has won the second prize (fourth place), the second prize

of recommendation and selection of top-notch innovative talents (third place),

and senior high school education has won the citys top-notch innovative talents

training contribution award and the second comprehensive teaching quality award

Jiangan vocational school has won the first prize of comprehensive evaluation

of teaching quality and the first prize of National Youth Science and technology

innovation; third, the system of education supervision responsibility area

established by innovation has been promoted in the whole province and has been

praised by the provincial and municipal education supervision committee, and has

been exchanged and promoted inside and outside the province; Fourth, the

education and peoples livelihood work goal and task assessment ranked the top

three in the city for five consecutive years. In the citys education and

peoples livelihood work goal and task assessment achieved 7 first places and 6

second places, especially the rural compulsory education "two bedrooms, one hall

and one road" project ranked first in the city; Fifthly, new breakthroughs have

been made in raising funds for educational development. The proportion of

financial education funds in the countys budget expenditure has increased to

24%, reaching 517.55 million yuan, and a total of 100 million yuan has been

obtained in the whole year

20__ is an extraordinary year. It is not only the year with the most

outstanding features and achievements, but also the most complicated year in

which the positive energy is gathered and the negative containment is actively

resolved under the new normal. However, under the strong leadership of the

county Party committee and the county government, with the care and help of the

county peoples Congress and the county CPPCC, and under the careful guidance of

the Municipal Bureau of education and sports, the party and government team of

the County Education Bureau united and led the vast number of teaching and

administrative staff in the county, took a firm stand, took the initiative, took

the courage to take responsibility and overcome the difficulties, withstood the

severe tests again and again, overcame one difficulty after another, and won

each other The understanding and support of the leaders and the society have won

a good opportunity for development. Here, I would like to express my heartfelt

thanks!

The year of 20__ is a key year to promote the reform of the whole area,

administer education according to law, and adapt to the new normal. The

education work of the whole county will closely follow the development

orientation of the "three demonstration counties" of the county Party committee

and the county government and the main line of "steady speed and quality

improvement", comprehensively implement the work deployment of the Municipal

Bureau of education and sports, highlight the work theme of "promoting

righteousness, promoting harmony and strengthening development", and focus on

the implementation of the "six ones" development strategy with "three needs" and

"two behaviors" We should pay close attention to a plan, that is, the overall

plan of education reform and development of the whole county; vigorously

implement a project, that is, to implement the project of "going out and

inviting in"; build a core with solid, namely, the core of education quality;

Make a good preparation with eyes, that is to prepare for the acceptance of

balanced development of national and Provincial Compulsory Education in 20__; We

should make great efforts to promote the new development with the new normal of

"six uses" of force, heart, energy, practicality, eye and policy, and strive to

run a satisfactory education for the people, and make new contributions to

accelerating the realization of the "three major struggle goals" in the whole

county.

In the new year, with a new starting point and a new journey, we hope that

the staff and Party members and teachers in the county will meet the new

challenges with a new attitude and create more brilliant achievements. At the

same time, I wish the teaching staff, Party members, teachers and educators in

the countys education system a happy new year, good health, happy family and

all the best!

My travel plans are many, I tell you my favorite travel plan, is go to huang shan to play. First I by cable car to light top, on their way to see the beautiful scenery.

When I top down from the light is not choose by cable car, but choose to walk down the mountain. Because in the way I can enjoy the beautiful scenery, and streams than who run fast. Though very tired, but I can enjoy the beautiful scenery.

The school is our home, we should protect the environment in the small

yard.

We saw the earth have pick up rubbish should put the rubbish into the trash

can, we cant eat your own trash on the ground after the funeral, if someone do

so should be to remind him, let him pick up garbage into the garbage can.

We need to protect the objects on campus, such as: we should protect the

playground on the playground every camphor tree, cant use a knife to get the

camphor tree, because the camphor tree is a rare tree. One can sell one or two

in case of a tree, so we should protect the camphor tree.

We should also protect the flowerbeds in the flowerbeds, the flowers in the

flowerbeds, and we cant pick it because it will spoil the environment.