高中关于环境的英语作文模板汇集20篇

Our modern city is too crowded， and to solve the problem， three proposals are put forward. Most people believe that we should fist practise the policy “Late Marriage” and “One Couple， One Child” in order to reduce the birth rate. Secondly， the city government must have a tight control over rural people entering cities to engage themselves in trade or do various physical jobs so as to lessen the pressure on the city caused by the increased population. Finally more and more people suggest that living blocks with shopping centers， schools， hospitals as well as cinemas and theatres round them or even satellite towns should be built in city suburbs or the countryside round the cities. In this way city citizens will be encouraged to move there to live and work. If these three proposals are well carried out， the city population will be greatly reduced.

我们现代城市太拥挤了，要解决这个问题，提出了三点建议。大多数人认为我们应该在政策上“迟婚”和“一对一”，以降低出生率。其次，城市政府必须严格控制农村人口进入城市，从事贸易或从事各种体力劳动，减少人口增长造成的压力。最后，越来越多的人建议，居住在购物中心、学校、医院、电影院、剧院等生活街区，城市郊区或郊区的城市应该建在城市郊区或城市周边的城市。在这个方式中，城市居民将被鼓励在那里生活和工作。如果这三项建议都很好地实施，城市人口将大大减少。

[保护环境英语作文如何减少城市污染

however mean your life is,meet it and live it ;do not shun it and call it hard names.it is not so bad as you are.it looks poorest when you are richest.the fault-finder will find faults in paradise.love your life,poor as it is.you may perhaps have some pleasant,thrilling,glorious hourss,even in a poor-house.the setting sun is reflected from the windows of the alms-house as brightly as from the rich mans abode;the snow melts before its door as early in the spring.i do not see but a quiet mind may live as contentedly there,and have as cheering thoughts,as in a palace.

the towns poor seem to me often to live the most independent lives of any.may be they are simply great enough to receive without misgiving.most think that they are above being supported by the town;but it often happens that they are not above supporting themselves by dishonest means.which should be more disreputable.

cultivate poverty like a garden herb,like sage.do not trouble yourself much to get new things,whether clothes or friends,turn the old,return to them.things do not change;we change.sell your clothes and keep your thoughts.

[保护环境作文英语80个单词

My hometown is a beautiful small village, my father said that the original home of hanging about the village, is full of trees behind the house, lush and green all the year round, there is a small river east village, the water crystal clear, fish, the sky was crystal clear.

The few families lived in the village, the life is comfortable, but I dont know since when, the environment began to deteriorate. Say we river first, she was now the sewage river, there is a paper mill in the waste water into the river, the river with a layer of white foam, stinking, former aquatic plants and the fish disappeared, flowers reflection of the river was gone. Dad said the river but he was a child often play place, now people here to hurry past, wu hold its mouth. The river when you are sad all the day.

The earth is our home, a good environment is the premise of our happy life. In order to our survival homeland to sweet and comfortable, I put forward three Suggestions:

The industrial wastewater emissions dont, best can recycle after unified handling.

Second life garbage recycling, in order to reuse. Called on people to care for the environment, and in some poor hygiene area eye-catching warning label.

Three to supervision and control of air pollution, especially for those emissions exceed the chimney rectification within a time limit.

Around us there are many people environmental protection consciousness, I hope more people join the ranks of environmental protection, let the home environment is becoming more and more good.

我的老家是一个美丽的小村庄,听爸爸说，原来的老家村前村后、房前屋后到处都是树，一年四季郁郁葱葱，村东头有条小河，河水清澈晶莹，鱼翔浅底，天空湛蓝深远。

村里住着百十户人家，日子过得都还舒适，可是不知从什么时候开始，环境开始恶化了。先来说说我们的小河，她现在简直成了污水河了，岸边有家造纸厂在往河里排放废水，河面上泛着一层白白的泡沫，臭气熏天，昔日的水草和鱼儿不见了，鲜花倒影的河面不见了。爸爸说河边可是他小时候经常玩耍的地方，现在过往这里的人行色匆匆、捂嘴掩鼻。小河终日愁眉不展。

地球是我们的家园，美好的环境更是我们开心生活的前提。为了我们生存的家园能够温馨舒适，我提出三条建议：

一工业污水不要随意排放，最好能够统一处理后循环使用。

二生活垃圾要分类回收，以便再利用。号召人们爱护环境，并在一些卫生状况较差的区域贴上醒目的警示标志。

三对空气污染进行监督和治理，尤其是要对那些排量超标的烟囱限期整改。

在我们身边还有许多人环保意识淡薄，真希望有更多人加入到环保行列当中，让家乡的环境变得越来越好。

示例：

Dear_______,

I am . (自我介绍) I feel bad to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about_______.

The reason for my dissatisfaction is _______(总体介绍). In the first

place,_________(抱怨的第一个方面). In addition,____________(抱怨的第二个方面). Under these circumstances, I find it ___(感觉) to ___________(抱怨的方面给你带来的后果).

I appreciate it very much if you could________(提出建议和请求), preferably __________(进一步的要求), and I would like to have this matter settled by ______(设定解决事情最后期限).Thank you for your consideration and I will be looking forward to your reply.

Yours sincerely

Li Ming

A sunny Sunday， usually every day and sleep until the sun father-drying

bottoms climb to get up early and get up in red， wake up my mother。 Drowsily

mother slowly said: "Today what the section， from Why so early?" Little Red said

excitedly: "Mom， do not install confused， you said that today took me to the

park!"

Came to park， mother and son were two beautiful scenery attract: kids， some

kite-flying， and some shooting while playing ball red bumper cars， while also

playing slippery slides， played with enjoying themselves， was sweating

profusely。

Little Red hobbled down to holding mothers hand while walking while

singing。 Suddenly， a banana peel， a red block of the avenue， little red slip

banana skin reminded once again to see if the banana peel to her protest， then

do not fight a gas， the foot kicked the banana peel。 Mom saw， as if aware of her

mind like， and did not criticize her， she just pulled the banana skin side next

to her while saying with great earnestness: "I know you have been slipping on

banana peel， very angry， but you should From the perspective of others think

that if you somehow accidentally stepped on a banana peel how to do red listened

to， very ashamed， the banana peel thrown into the bin。

Little Red looked at the move， my mother smiled。

Yes ah! Would it not everyone should be protected?

In recent years, we can clearly feel the environment around us is more and moreobvious pollution, environmental safety problems have been very serious. Because of our previous policy is heavy economic development, light environmental protection,resulting in environmental pollution, ecological damage is very serious, mainly manifested in the following aspects:

近几年来，我们可以明显的感觉到我们身边的环境污染愈显明显，环境安全问题已十分严重。因为我国以往的政策方针是重经济发展，轻环境保护，所以造成环境污染、生态破坏十分严重，主要表现为以下几个方面：

In the atmosphere of security, since the middle of the twentieth Century, industry andthe rapid development of transportation, causing air pollution is increasing. Air pollutionis harmful to human health, but also affect the growth of plants and animals,destruction of building materials, serious when can alter the earths climate. According to the survey, China each year from air pollution and economic losses amounted to about 100000000000 yuan.

在大气安全方面，20世纪中叶以来，工业和交通运输迅速发展，造成了大气污染的日益加重。大气污染既危害人体健康，又影响动植物的生长，破坏建筑材料，严重时会改变地球的气候。据调查显示，我国每年因大气污染造成的经济损失高达1000多亿元。

In the water security, water pollution in China is very serious, widespread around thedrinking water safety problems, a direct threat to human and animal survival. In recent years, although the investment fund management a lot of Huaihe and other waters, but the effect is not obvious, the overall situation is still deteriorating.

在水安全方面，我国水污染问题十分严重，各地普遍存在着饮用水安全问题，直接威胁到人畜生存。近几年虽然投入大量的资金治理淮河等水域，但效果并不明显，整体情况仍在恶化。

In a biological safety, the invasion of alien species mass, a serious threat to thebiological diversity of china. In fact, the blind introduction of foreign species, damage the environment balance, serious and even lead to disastrous consequences. At the same time, because of the destruction of the ecological environment and wildlifehunting, biological extinction rate is rapidly increasing.

在生物安全方面，大规模的外来物种入侵，严重威胁了我国的生物多样性。事实证明，盲目引进外来物种，会破坏环境平衡，严重时甚至带来灾难性的后果。同时，由于生态环境的破坏和对野生动植物的滥捕滥猎，生物消亡的速度正在迅速增加。

In the security of land, the land desertification and soil erosion is very serious. In addition, the cultivated land quality in China decreased very rapidly, at the same time,because of the serious land pollution phenomenon caused by excessive use ofpesticides, is directly related to food safety problem of residents in our country. China is a developing country, in the face of environmental pollution pressure not only fromChina itself, and applied pressure from some developed countries abroad. Therefore the development of economy and environment is a need for us to issue long face, and it also need to rely on the participation of each and every one of us.

在土地安全方面，我国土地荒漠化和水土流失的情况已十分严重。另外，我国耕地质量下降非常迅速，同时由于过度使用农药等造成的严重的耕地污染现象，直接关系到我国居民的食品安全问题。 我国是一个发展中大国，面对环境污染方面的压力不仅来自国内本身，还有来自国外一些发达国家施加的压力。因此发展经济和治理环境是一个需要我们长久面对的问题，而这也需要靠我们每个人的共同参与。

When I went to middle school, it was hard for me to adjust the new

environment at first, because there were so many subjects to learn, I fell

behind other students. I did not know what to do, I just wanted to get away from

school. I talked about my annoyance to my friend, she told me that I got too

much pressure and she suggested me to take relax and made progress step by step.

She said everything would be better someday. Now I have made progress and when I

look back on the passed days, it was just a small problem for me. I got over the

hard moment and become a strong person.

As is shown by the figure/percentage in the table /picture，____ has been on rise/ decrease， significantly/dramatically rising/decreasing from ____ in _____ to _____ in _____. From the sharp rise/decline in the chart， it goes without saying that _____.

There are at least two good reasons accounting for _____. In one hand， ____.In the other hand， _____ is due to the fact that ______.In addition， ______ is responsible for _____. Maybe there are some other reasons to show ______.But itis generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.

As far as I am concerned， I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.

尽管世界发展得更快，更好，地球上的资源越来越少。为了保护它们，必须做些什么。以下就是小编整理的怎样保护环境英语作文，一起来看看吧！ 篇一：怎样保护环境英语作文

The environmental protection is the most major problem which in the modern life the humanity faces. Must solve this problem must start from foundation. First, must massively propagandize, enhances peoples consciousness with understanding, strengthens the

environmental protection consciousness. Next, must carry on waste recovery use, reduces to forest-trees felling. Also must strengthen to white pollution processing, little uses the plastic product. Finally, must make improvement to clean aspect. Causes the citys appearance to be neater. For Earths tomorrow, we must start from the now diligently, will want the well local constable to protect the environment. To this us proposes as follows suggests: Implementation trash classification packed in bags. Like this not only can reduce the environmental sanitation workers work load, but also can even better basically arrive makes use of waste, to reduce the pollution, saves the resources. 篇二：怎样保护环境英语作文

Although the world develops much faster and better, the resources on the earth get fewer and fewer. In order to protect them,something must be done.

尽管世界发展得更快，更好，地球上的资源越来越少。为了保护它们，必须做些什么。

Save water. Water is the source of life. No water, no life. So its very important for us to do so.Not only should we protect drinking water and stop polluting it, but also make full use of it.

节约用水。水是生命之源。没有水，就没有生命。所以，我们这样做是非常重要的。我们不仅要保护饮用水和停止污染，而且充分利用它。

庆幸的是,越来越多的人们已经意识到这种严重情况。许多国家已经通过了法律来阻止环境受到进一步的污染。人们正在努力想办法使地球保持清洁:他们对待废气、保护水资源和净化废水。可以肯定的是,控制人口的增加是一种最有效的方式。

然而,在未来将需要更多的努力赢得了战斗反对污染的法律控制污染,必须严格执行,而且最重要的是,在教学中应重视对人民的教育,使每个人都将显示他正在关注环保

A larger and larger part of society is expressing its concern about environmental protection. Active in their concern, teachers and students hold specific meetings to discuss environmental protection. Also, city planners take environmental problems into serious consideration. And, though reducing pollution can be expensive,

factories often take every possible measure to do their part. Many people are concerned and active because air and water pollution affects everyone and makes it difficult for cities to survive and businesses to make a profit.

一个越来越大的社会的一部分是表达他们的担忧关于环境保护的。活跃在他们所关注的,教师和学生举行特别的会议来讨论环保。同时,城市规划者们把环境问题进行认真的考虑。还有,尽管减少污染可能会很昂贵,生产厂商经常会采取一切可行的措施来履行自己的职责。许多人都关心和积极的,因为空气和水的污染影响每个人都大打折扣,使得城市生存和企业盈利。

[怎样保护环境英语作文2篇

The pictures symbolically illustrate pollution is becoming increasingly serious around the globe. In the first cartoon， a man is scorching the earth on a chimney. In the second one， a famous ancient Chinese poet， Wang Bo is astonished by the heavy smoke poured by chimneys into the air and dirty river polluted by a factory. We are informed that “the autumn river is the same color with the sky”。

The drawer is sending a message about the significance of the need for everyone to fight against the danger of environmental pollution. There is no denying that the industry is indications of civilization， proGREss and development. Unfortunately， as industry develops， so will the number of factories， and the amount of industry pollutants. We are so development-oriented that we almost can sacrifice our blue sky and pure water in order to obtain a little material gain.

As a consequence， it is imperative for us to take drastic actions. On the one hand， the factories should be equipped with devices which can dispose of waste gas and water so as to prevent them from polluting our planet. On the other hand， there should be an increasingly loud voice from the public for firm actions against poisonous gas sent off and unhealthy water polluted by factories.

Beautiful outlook indeed attracts people’s attention, if people have the beautiful outlook, of course they will give people deep impression, just like the saying that everyone has the mind of appreciating beauty.

But we must figure out the fact that outlook can’t decide everything, only the ability can do it.

The good example is Mariah Sharapova, she is a famous tennis player. Early in her career, people noticed her beautiful outlook, but more and more beautiful female tennis players come into being, only Mariah gets famous all the time, the reason is that she is outstanding amongst these girls.

She has won so many championships, which makes her the most attractive girl.

Beautiful outlook opens a door for people, but only the ability makes them standing all the time. People will get the genius respect for their hard working instead of their attractive faces.

美丽的外貌确实吸引人们的注意，如果人们拥有好看的外表，理所当然能给人留下深刻的印象，就如有句话说爱美之心，人皆有之。但是我们必须弄清楚外表并不能决定一切，只有能力才能决定一切。

玛利亚莎拉波娃就是最好的例子，她是一位出名的网球运动员。在她早期的职业生涯中，人们注意到了她的美丽外表，但是随后越来越多美丽的女子网球选手出现，而只有玛利亚一直有名气，原因在于她是这些女孩当中最出色的。

她赢得了很多的冠军，这让她最吸引人们的注意。

美丽的外表对于人们来说只是打开了一扇门，但是只有实力才能让她们一直出众。人们会因为他们的努力而得到尊重，不是因为他们吸引人的外貌。

[高中英语作文：外貌与能力

The sun summoned the planet in the solar system to open an emergency meeting, the theme is to save the planet. The sun to see everyone to the Qi, and clear the clear voice, said: "The stars, our good sister earth has been at stake, the doctor said that her blood is toxins, the body of nutrients is also depleted, in this way "The moon says," In recent years, mankind has mined a lot of oil, minerals, wood and other materials, without protecting the environment, and the earths sister is not sick. "Saturn says" Way, we save the earth together! "" Well! "The stars have promised.

After the stars go back, have heard of human beings looking for a second home, so have made an appointment, never the second home of mankind, have also thrown away the conditions may be human use. For example: the moon threw away the oxygen, Saturn threw away the appropriate temperature, Mercury thrown away ... ... Finally, the human consciousness that the earth is the only human home, carried out to protect the Earth action.

300 years later, the sun also held a meeting, the earth also participated, she looks beautiful, green skin, clean blood, more importantly, she becomes healthy, the moon said: "sister, see you now So happy, I am happy for you. "Mercury said," Sister, see you now so beautiful, I am a little jealous. "Earth said:" Thank you all for my sacrifice so much, I am now healthy, or Thank you all, thank you, "said the sun," the stars, after this action, humans have recognized the importance of the earth, and I declare that the rescue of the earth is a success.

Friends, the mother of the mothers disease though good, but also need to continue convalescence, and now, let us work together to the earth dressed as the most beautiful planet in the universe.

保护环境英语作文篇3

There are many diseases that are harmful to human health and even threaten human life. Human into the 21st century, the world has occurred in the number of amazing changes. In the people for the rapid development of science and technology, but also experienced a better anxiety and even disaster. In addition to the panic of the development of high-tech, especially biotechnology, war and disease seem to bring mankind directly to the door of hell.

Water pollution on the human body harm, the body in the process of metabolism, with drinking water and food, the water of various elements through the digestive tract into the various parts of the body. When the lack of water in some of the human life process necessary elements, will affect human health. For example, in some areas of water iodine deficiency, long-term consumption of this water, it will lead to "big neck disease", is the medicine called "endemic goiter." When the water contains harmful substances, the greater harm to the human body. Carcinogenic substances can be consumed by eating contaminated food (food, vegetables, fish, etc.), into the human body, but also through the water into the human body. According to the survey, drinking contaminated water, suffering from liver cancer and gastric cancer and other cancer incidence, than drinking clean water is about 61,5% higher. When the sewage contains mercury, cadmium and other elements into rivers and lakes, the aquatic plants put mercury, cadmium and other elements to absorb and enrich them, fish eat aquatic plants, and in its body to further enrichment, people eat poisonous Fish, mercury, cadmium and other elements in the human body enrichment, so that the human body and death. In this way, from the aquatic plants → aquatic small animals → small fish → big fish → the body, forming a food chain. The body eventually became mercury, cadmium and other elements of the "foothold."

Water pollution hazards to aquatic organisms Water lives in a variety of aquatic animals and plants. Biological and water, between biological and biological complex material and energy exchange, from the number to maintain a dynamic balance. But under the influence of human activities, this balance has been destroyed. Some of the beneficial aquatic organisms are poisoned when humans release pollutants into the water, and some of the stained aquatic organisms will multiply, consume a lot of oxygen dissolved in the water, so that the beneficial aquatic life is forced to relocate due to hypoxia Or death. In particular, some toxic elements, both difficult to dissolve in water and easy accumulation in the body, causing great harm to humans. Such as mercury in the water content is very low, but the content of aquatic organisms is very high, the content in the fish is also surprisingly high. Assuming that the concentration of mercury in the water body is 1, the concentration of mercury in the aquatic organisms is about 700, and the concentration of mercury in the fish is as high as 860. Thus, when the water is contaminated, on the one hand led to biological and water, biological and biological balance between the damage, on the other hand some of the toxic substances continue to transfer and enrichment, and ultimately endanger human health and life.

I believe whenwe were little babies, we were taught to learn to share with others. At first, Idon’t understand.

But now I can understand gradually.

Share happiness will makeme feel happier, while share my sadness with my friends will make me reduce sadness.When I told my friends I got the first praise in the recital contest, they allcongratulated to me and said many good words, which made me happier.

When I gotblame from my teacher, I told my friends, which made me felt comfortable. Besides,their comfort also helped me feel better.

What’s more, sharing my experiencewith others that help them lots can makes me feel satisfied.

Anyway, sharing my emotion and things withothers makes me feel awesome. You’d better try to learn to share, and then youwill understand.

我相信在我们还是小孩的时候，我们就被教导要学会与人分享。起初，我不是很明白。

但现在我慢慢地了解了。分享快乐会让我更加快乐，而和朋友分享我的悲伤也会减轻我的悲伤。

当我告诉我的朋友我在朗诵比赛上取得第一名的时候，他们都向我表示祝贺，并说了很多好话，这让我感到更开心。

当被老师责备时，我告诉我的朋友，说出来能让我感到舒服。此外，他们的安慰也能让我感到更舒适。

更重要的是，分享我的经验给他们，能够帮助他们使我感到很满足。不管怎么说，与别人分享我的情感，事情让我觉得很棒。你最好也努力尝试着分享，之后你就会明白了。

[高中英语作文：分享的意义

There is only one earth. He is the cradle of life, is the homeland of all mankind. However, environmental pollution and ecological destruction of normal life has been on the social and economic development and peoples constitute a real threat. Care for the environment, advocate of civilization, is the humans moral responsibility.

我们渴望干净的地球，渴望健康的地球，渴望环保的家园，渴望绿色，健康，卫生的社区……让我们用爱心去关注环境的变化，用热情去传播环保的观念，用行动肩负起环保的重任。从我做起，从现在做起，从身边的点滴小事做起，把环保承诺变为实际行动。

We desire to clean the earth, to earth for environmental health, home, eager to green, health, the health of the community...... Let us love to pay close attention to changes in the environment, with enthusiasm to spread the idea of environmental protection, with action to shoulder the responsibility of environmental protection. Begin from me, start from now, start from the side of the little things, the environmental commitments into actions.

记住，保护地球，就是保护我们自己。

Remember, the protection of the earth, is to protect ourselves.

As the new bell tolled, the Chinese people exclaimed with excitement, "the New Year is here! New Year! Ah! What a wonderful New Year! I am excited to run back and forth in my home, unable to restrain my joyful mood, the Spring Festival composition 600 words. When I ran to the balcony, all of a sudden, the fireworks fly on the sky, in a flash, Fried opened, and some like countless meteor, some like colorful flowers, some like golden coat, and like the golden sun, the earth was like the day. How beautiful!

I have some good advice for your work。 If you can do the following things， you will succeed in doing everything。

Firstly， whatever you do， you must be punctual and hard—working。 If you sow a good seed， you will get a good harvest。 If the seed is in poor quality， the harvest will also be very bad。 And if you sow nothing， you will get nothing at all。 Nothing。

Secondly， you must be honest。 As honesty is the moral tuition that everyone should have。 If you treat other people friendly and sincerely， others will also respect you。

Thirdly， you must be tolerant to others， since no one is perfect in the world。 Everyone has his own faults， but if you can see everything on other persons perspective， there will be no problem at all。

Whats more， when you are in a big company， you should not only respect the leaders， but also get on well with the colleagues。 Sometimes， you should try to please your boss， so that you could have more chances to be promoted。

Last but not the least， dont ignore the little things， because such a little thing will have a great effect on your life。 So you should start yourselves at the bottom， in order to get enough working experience。 As you have enough working experience， nothing you will be afraid。

[高中英语作文关于成功的建议

假设你们班级即将召开以“感恩”为主题的班会，要求向大家介绍一下你最想向谁表达感恩之情，他或她为你做了什么，你又将怎样回报他或她的付出。请结合上文内容，以“Thank you, my…”为题写一篇发言稿。

要求：

1.句子通顺，语意连贯。

2.包括所有提示内容。

3.不少于80词。

Thank You, My Mother

Wherever we are today, whatever we are, we owe it to our parents who have given and taught us so much, so we should thank them, especially, thank our mother. I think my mother is one of the best mothers in the world.

She is the busiest one in my family. She does chores for the family and cares about my study. She has taught me a lot. She does lots of things for me. But she never wants anythings in return.

How will I show my thanks to my mother? First, this year, I am going to give her a surprise birthday party and buy her a special present. Second, I’ll do well in school. Third, I’ll help her do housework when I’m free. I want to make her happy. In a word, I love my mother.

[高中英语作文：感恩

一、形成性评价的概念

形成性评价(Formative Assessment)是美国评价学专家斯克里芬在1967年在其所著的《评论方法论》里提出来的。所谓的形成性评价是相对于传统的终结性评价(Summative Assessment)而言的，指的是对学生日常学习过程中的表现、所取得的成绩及所反映出来的情感、态度和策略方面的发展做出的评价，这种评价是通过对学生学习的整个过程持续观察、记录和反思之后得出来的。

形成性评价的目的是为了激励学生学习，帮助学生调控自己的学习过程。让学生获得成就感，增强其自信心和团结合作精神，让学生从被动接受评价变成一个评价的主体和积极参与者。形成性评价能够帮助教师了解学生的学习情况，从而制定下一步的教学计划。与终结性评价相比，形成性评价不只以考试成绩来衡量学生的学习情况，它更加灵活方便，也更加科学有效。形成性评价注重对学生学习行为和表现的评估，能够有效发挥学生的主动性和创造性，有利于培养学生的学习兴趣，也能够有效提高学生的自信心。

在英语口语教学中运用形成性评价，能够让学生在课堂中互相评价，增强学生参与课堂教学的积极性，在提高英语口语能力的同时体会到成功的快乐，形成一个教师与学生、学生与学生之间良好互动的课堂。形成性评价注重开发学生的创新能力和思考能力，而要培养这些能力就必须依靠坚持不懈的学习和运用来完成。

二、形成性评价的方法与工具

首先，一般而言，形成性评价的方法大致分为：自我评价、同伴互评和教师评价。

自我评价是指学生在学习的过程中就自己学习进程中的某个阶段性成果的总结和评价。自我评价是形成性评价中尤为重要的评价方法，只有通过自我评价才能尽力发挥其的主观能动性，积极主动地参与课堂教学活动。只有主观积极地参与课堂，就自己不同阶段的水平，才能更好地定位自己进一步的目标，并在课程初期、中期及末期分别给予自己相对客观中肯的评价，以促进下一阶段的学习。

同伴互评是指在课堂活动中，就某一活动进行同学之间的评价，评价包括学习态度、学习能力及学习方法的评价。在同伴互评的过程中，学生们可以相互探讨学习方法、交流学习心得、提出改进的建议和意见。同伴之间相互比较、竞争，相互取长补短，既增强了合作精神又促进了学习能力和学习效率的提升。同伴互评作为形成性评价重要的方法之一，其评价形式既增强了课堂的趣味性又增强了学生的学习自信心和学习热情。

课堂学习的主体是学生，但是学习评价的主体却是教师。形成性评价侧重过程教育，在教学过程中，根据需要调整教学计划和内容，该评价尤其重视学生与教师在课堂的共同参与度，而非教师“一言堂”。首先，教师在教学过程中设定好学生自我评价与同伴评价的量化标准，列好学生自我评价和同伴评价的核查表；其次，学生根据核查表才可有的放矢，对照核查表所列的内容一一检查，每节课后，客观公正地给予自己和他人中肯的评价；最后，结合学生自我评价和同伴评价的反馈结果，教师针对学生课堂上的表现，纵向对比某一特定学生评价前后的差异，或者横向比较某一特定组别在同一活动中每位学生各项指标的完成情况，同时，以多种形式反馈给学生并提出整改意见。因而，在教学的不同阶段，根据学生的能力发展状况，教师可适时调整评价方式，不断改进教学方法和教学手段。

只有将自我评价、同伴评价与教师评价结合在一起评价方式才能保证较好的教学效果，才能促进教育改革的进一步深化，真正达到以素质教育培养复合型人才的终极目标。

其次，形成性评价的行为评估工具有课堂观察、学生档案、座谈、问卷调查、访谈和对话周记等。如何运用以及怎样运用这些评价工具要根据所授课程、课程目标和授课对象等诸多因素做适当调整。

课堂观察是教学行为和技巧的基本方式。根据Genesee and Upshur(2001:79)的观点，教师在观察的基础上，可以评估学生已掌握和未掌握的内容。换言之，教师应该评估促进或阻碍学生学习的策略。与此同时，教师还可评估一些特定的教学策略的有效性，确定学生们欣赏哪些课堂活动和形式。课堂观察有助于教师更好地了解课程设计和学生需求的契合度。通过正式或非正式的观察，教师可掌握大多数学生对于教学安排的可接受程度，根据学生的需求改进或调整教学安排等，以提升教学效果。

“questionnaires and interviews can all be thought of as conversations between students and teachers”（Genesee and Upshur，2001:136）。如上所述，问卷调查和访谈都可被看作教师和学生间的对话，访谈和问卷调查是相似的，但决定使用访谈或者问卷调查可依据不同的教学目的。无论是哪种方式，都是老师和学生之间相对正式的会谈，这非常有利于老师对他的教学效果进行评估,诊断学生在英语学习遇到的困难，为学生寻找合适的解决问题,获得良好的学习策略和学习得到更多的进步。访谈和问卷调查设计应该根据学生的个人需求并符合教学目标。

对话周记作为教师和学生沟通的另一种方式，深受学生的喜爱。因课程设置和班级规模的不同，课堂观察、问卷调查及访谈都相对比较片面，而对话周记则可以关注到每个学生的不同需求。师生间定期通信，既增加了教师和学生之间的相互了解，增强彼此的信任，又能解决学生的个案问题，做到因材施教；同时，为了促进“教学相长”，学生可及时反馈教师的课堂教学，对于教师的教学提出较好的建议和意见。

学生档案是一个综合各项评估功能于一体的评估工具。它可以记录学生的成长、课堂变化且兼顾多种需要。如今，众多评价工具只把学生作为评价的对象，而评估的责任和任务的则落到了教师身上。但事实上，几乎没有一种评价工具能很好地管理学生活动并对其课堂行为负责。相比之下, 建立学生档案，需要学生亲力亲为；本着自我负责的原则，他们要更好地自我监督和控制，同时，在建档案的过程中，学生可以见证自己的进步与成长，增强学习的自信，提高学习的效果。

三、形成性评价对于英语口语教学的重要性与紧迫性

众所周知,教育评估在大学英语课程改革中扮演着相当重要的角色。英语教学的重点已从传播知识转移到培养能力。多年来，在中国，人们只注重英语写作和阅读的能力的提升，而一直忽视英语口语交际能力。多年来，教学评价已经被狭义理解为量化教学，而后进一步局限于教学测试。考试作为教学的终极目的，期末考试的成绩也就成为教师评价学生的最重要的依据。而对于口语课堂，单一的这种评估方式和依据增加了大多数学生的心理压力和少部分学生侥幸心理。考试成绩给学生很大压力，危害学生的发展，评估过程中，学生一直被动地参与，无法调动其积极性。当课程结束时，教师将得不到及时准确的学生反馈，无法改善评估方法以助于提高学生的英语口语能力。

“形成性评价源于诊断性测试。与终结性评价相比，形成性评价通过教学过程中多方面的评价发现问题，解决问题，强调过程性、目标性和学生学习的主动性。” (魏薇，2005) 鉴于终结性评价在口语测试评分中的片面性和主观性，大学英语口语表达能力的培养还是受到了这种终结性评价的制约。在大学英语口语教学中，形成性评价最重要的任务的是帮助教师监控学生英语口语的学习过程，提高学生的英语口语学习。如能将形成性评价的理论引入大学英语口语课堂教学与测试中，建立大学英语口语课程与形成性评价相结合的评估模式，则会推动大学英语口语教学和测试的改革进程。

鉴于口语课堂的特点，为了克服传统终结性评价对于口语课堂的制约性，形成性评价与大学英语口语教学相结合有其不可忽视的重要性和紧迫性。

首先，由于口语表达能力除了包含最基本的发音、词汇、语法能力还有语用能力、文化知识储备力等多项复杂的技能，而所有的这些技能无法在某一次测试中完全体现出来。因口语学习的最终目的是运用到相关学科、为了更好地促进国际交流。

而形成性评价尤其注重过程教学，这种评价将教学过程分成了诸多阶段，学生可在每个不同的阶段就自己的学习态度、发音、语言运用的准确性、流利程度以及课堂活动参与的积极性进行横向的同学互评和纵向的自我比较。一方面，横向比较可以找到彼此间的差距，互相帮助已达到各方面的提升；另一方面，学生可在整理学习档案的过程中，纵向比较自己前后阶段的学习情况，时刻了解自己在每个阶段的学习状况，在教师和同学的辅助下，运用不同的学习方法和策略，逐项提高自己的口语能力。 另外，教师在学生进行评价的过程中，可真实地参与并记录学生在各方面的真实水平。

其次，口语课堂实际上是教师与学生、学生与学生之间的互动交际。教师需要花费大量的时间设计口语活动、鼓励学生参与活动、监控课堂活动、诊断学生的需求和问题、记录学生的表现等。学生则在各种学习任务和活动中不断地练习、发现问题、纠正偏差。

与传统的终结性评价不同，形成性评价的最显著特征是评价的主体是学生，学生和教师共同参与课堂，缺一不可。根据多数学生的关注点，学生参与确定研究目标、评分标准和英语口语的性能评估。因而，他们了解每一项活动的任务和目标，他们可合理运用各种评价方式和工具，课前认真准备，课堂上积极参与，能与教师积极互动，课堂上客观地评价自己、同伴和教师。这不仅是一种评价过程，更是学生回归自我认同感的方式。学生增加了学习自信，在评价过程中不断积累经验，逐步获得学习成就感。教师亦可在与学生互动的过程中，更好地了解学生的知识掌握和课堂反馈情况，根据反馈适时调整教学方法。如此良性循环，既增强了课堂的趣味性又提高了学生的学习效率。

四、结语

形成性评价，作为正常教学和学习过程的有机部分，可以全面、客观、科学、准确地提供与其学习目标相关的重要信息，它有助于促进学生的个性化发展和外语教学质量的根本性提高。形成性评价其中的一个重要作用是培养学生良好的英语学习习惯。将英语形成性评价与口语教学紧密地结合在一起，能提高学生学习的兴趣并及时、准确、客观地反映学生的真实水平，使学生的英语口语能力稳步提高。通过采用具体的形成性评价方式，发展学生的自我评价与学生间相互评价的能力，以促进学生的自我反思与自我管理能力。从而提高学生自主学习意识与自主学习能力，并为他们养成终身学习的意识与习惯打下基础。

Body language is used by people for sending messages to one another. It is very useful because it can help you make yourself easily understood. When you are talking with others,you are not just using words, but also using expressions and gestures. For example, waving ones hand is to say "Good-bye." A smile and handshake show welcome, and clapping hands means congratulations. Nodding the head means agreement, but shaking the head means disagreement. The gestures are accepted both by Chinese and foreigners as having the same meanings.

Different countries have different body language. For example, men in Russia, France and Arab countries kiss each other when they meet, but men in China or Australia shake hands instead of kissing. People in Puerto Rio like touching each other, but people from English speaking countries do not touth each other. If you touch an English person, you should say "Sorry. People in Arab countries like standing close to one another when they are talking, but English people must keep a distance away when they are talking. In some Asian countries, you must not touch the head of another person. In Arab countries, you eat using the fingers of your right land;the left hand is not used at all. In parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet pointing at another person.

When you use a foreign language, it is very important to know the meanings of gestures and movements in the foreign country. Following the customs will help you communicate with people and make your stay there much more pleasant and comfortable.

the beijing zoo is the largest in asia and one of the largest in the world. there are hundreds of different kinds of animals in it.

we can see yellow, green, orange and brown birds, which can sing nice songs. the elephants have a long nose and big ears and they are kind to humans. we can also see big and little monkeys running and dancing, just like happy children. pandas, with good manners, are very friendly and polite to visitors. we will certainly have a good time there.

Today, as the economy develops fast, people can buy what they need, the

producers provide them all the new things, so the factory produce many products,

in order to make the biggest profit, they don’t deal with the pollution. Water

gets polluted, it does harm to people’s health, we drink water everyday, the

government controls the producers to figure out some ways to deal with the water

pollution.