应用文写作英语四级考试计划【汇集20篇】
童年,是充满纯真和情趣的时光,也是令人留恋和难以忘怀的时光。童年生活,因为无忧无虑而快乐,因为有了梦想而精彩。我们童年生活的多姿多彩,回忆起来,一种难言的亲切感和温馨会久久地萦绕在我们心头。下面是小编整理的童年趣事写作指导,欢迎来参考!
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1000期中考试初二英语
全文共 4195 字
+ 加入清单Everyone wants to know their future, but nobody knows it. I hope my future will like that. I think I will be an excellent lawyer in the future. I help many people who is in difficulty. I will help the people are in need, no matter they are rich or poor. Then I think I will have a good reputation among the society. In order to have a good body, I will do some exercise every week. My family will be proud of me and always stand behind me. I will work hard to reach my future. Ok, this is the future in my dream. What’ yours?
每个人都想知道自己的未来,却没有人可以知道它。我希望我的未来会这样的。我想将来我会成为一位出色的律师。我会帮助很多人有困难的人。我会帮助那些有需要帮助的人,无论他们是富人还是穷人。我会在社会中享有良好的信誉。为了身体健康,我每个星期都会做一些运动。我的家人为我感到骄傲,而且会永远支持我。我会努力实现那样子的未来。好了,这就是我梦想中的未来。你的是什么呢?
期中初二英语作文篇2
As we all know, the environment around us is getting worse and worse. In some places we cant see fish swimming in the river or trees on the hills. Bird there is less and less fresh water in the world.Some people even have no clean water to drink. So I think we must do something to protect the environment. But what can we do? How to protect our environment? For example, we can go to school on foot or by bike instead of taking a car. We had better use shopping basketbets instead of plastic bags when we go shopping. We should use both sides of the paper when we write. Dot use paper cups. At our school dinning room, use our own bowls and chopsticks instead of disposable ones. We can reuse the water and save the electricity.In a word, if everyone pays more attention to ourenvironment, there will be less pollution and our life will be better.
"There is only one earth", I hope everyone will protect our environment well.
期中初二英语作文篇3
The leaves circled in the air and were written with a grateful movement, which was the trees thanks to the nourishment of the earth; the white clouds drifted in the blue sky and painted the picture of the sky, which was the blue sky Thanksgiving. Because Thanksgiving will have this colorful society, because Thanksgiving will have sincere friendship. Because thanksgiving let us know the true meaning of life - inscription
From the babys "wah-wah" to fall to nurture him grow up, parents spent a lot of effort and sweat, weaving the number of day and night; from primary school to junior high school, and even the number of teachers for his painstaking efforts , Quietly dedicated light and heat, burning their own, lit up others.
Thanksgiving is from the heart. As the saying goes, "dripping of grace, when the Yongquan phase reported." Moreover, parents, relatives and friends to pay you not only "a drop of water", but a vast ocean. Whether you handed a cup of warm tea after your parents were tired, handed a card on their birthday, and greeted and comforted them when they were lost. They often poured hard and energy for us, and why did we remember them Of the birthday, to experience their tired, and whether it is aware of the strands of silver, that trace of wrinkles. Thanksgiving need your heart to experience, to repay.
Thanksgiving is respectful. Marie Curie as a famous scientist, twice won the Nobel Prize, but she saw her primary school teacher at the meeting, with a bouquet of flowers to express her gratitude; great Mao Zedong also sent to the teacher in the holiday season Deeply grateful. Since ancient times the great man all have a grateful heart, grateful do not need to earth-shattering, just need your greeting, a call, a trace of emotion.
Thanksgiving is meaningful. Love to keep the world spinning. Parents pay far more than the mountains, than the sea deep, and as we only know rice to mouth, clothing to reach out. And it seems that there is a separate zone, let us become selfish, forget the parents have to pay, forget that the sound of happiness, learn to appreciate others is their own conscience, a filial piety, because it will have Harmony, there is happiness, there is respect between each other.
With a grateful heart, to look at the community, look at their parents, look at friends and relatives, you will find yourself how happy, let go of your mind, so start falling rain to wash your mind pollution. Learn to be grateful because it will make the world a better place and make life more fulfilling.
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篇1:去上海旅行计划英语
全文共 669 字
+ 加入清单Whenever a college student is asked "What are you going to do this summer vacation?" The most probable answer might be "I am going to have a travel. " It sounds that college students are fond of travelling. Why? Because travel has numerous advantages.
First of all travel can widen our knowledge of geography the knowledge of customs cultures and lifestyles of different places and countries. Secondly we can make friends and practise a foreign language through travelling. Finally travel is the best way of pastime. We can enjoy eating various food and seeing beautiful sceneries.In a word we can benefit from travel in more than one way. It is worth spending the time.
篇2:考试计划的
全文共 631 字
+ 加入清单光阴似箭,日月如梭。转眼间,一学期的时间就快过去了。进入期末复习阶段,我们更要抓紧每一分每一秒的时间。所以我制定了下面这份复习计划,希望它能帮助我的期末复习。克制自己贪玩的欲望。到了临近期末考试的时刻,每天晚上应适当减少玩儿和娱乐休闲的时间。多拿出些时间来看看书。
2、上课认真听讲、积极发言,课下认真复习(语数英)。上课一定要集中精力,不要走神,画出老师说的重点。课下不要光想着玩儿,没事就拿出自己的书来看一看,回顾一下。
3、每天晚上定时定量复习一个单元(语文)。抓住每一课的重点句子多读几遍。要背过这个句子的理解、体会的写作手法,还要掌握这个句子的修辞方法,并说一说这里运用比喻或者拟人的修辞方法有什么好处。还要知道这篇课文讲的是一件什么事,发生在哪个时期,借这个故事来赞扬谁,或者赞颂了一种什么样的精神。记一记词语盘点的词,背一背日积月累。(数学)背一背这个单元的定义,再做一遍书上的题,还要做一些课外的辅导题,多掌握一些体型。(英语)重点背这个单元的单词、粗体句子。掌握句式,学会运用。
4、多练笔(语文)。在最后的这几周时间里,应该多写写作文,而且要从多方面入手:写人、写景、写物、写事、写读后感观后感、缩写、想象、写信、看图作文、发言稿、写研究报告,总之,可选的主题有太多太多......
这就是我的期末复习计划,同学们老师们你们还可以给我提出其他好的意见,我会虚心接受。祝愿同学们在即将升入小学6年级的考试中,取得优异的成绩!
我们一起加油!5、4,加油!
篇3:英语写作素材:关于理想的英语名言
全文共 4184 字
+ 加入清单对未来不懈追求,是理想形成的动力和源泉。下面是关于理想的英语名言,供大家写作参考。
1.And love, young men, and venerate the ideal. The ideal is the word of God. High above every country, high above humanity, is the country of the spirit, the city of the soul.
青年人啊,热爱理想吧,崇敬理想吧。理想是上帝的语言。高于一切国家和全人类的,是精神的王国,是灵魂的故乡。
2.Between the ideal and the reality, between the motion and the act, falls the shadow.
理想与现实之间,动机与行为之间,总有一道阴影。
3.Ideals are like the stars... we never reach them, but like mariners, we chart our course by them.
理想就像是星星...我们永远够不着它,但是我们像水手一样,靠星星指引航程。
4.The ideal is in thyself, the impediment too is thyself.
理想存乎已心,障碍亦是如此
5.Its is the most pleasant thing in the world to struggle for a noble ideal.
世界上最快乐的事,就是为理想而奋斗
6.Anything one man can imagine, other men can make real.
但凡人能想像到的事物,必定有人能将它实现。
7.Ideal is the beacon. Without ideal, there is no secure direction; without direction, there is no life.
理想是指路明灯。没有理想,就没有坚定的方向;没有方向,就没有生活
8.The only limit to our realization of tomorrow will be our doubts of today.
实现明天理想的惟一障碍是今天的疑虑。
9.High expectation are the key to every thing.
远大理想是开启万物的钥匙。
10.The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it.
人生重要的事情就是确定一个伟大的目标,并决心实现它。
11.Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.
生活没有目标就像航海没有指南针。
12.Life is not all beer and skittles.
人生并不全是吃喝玩乐。
13.Don’t part with your illusions. When they are gone you may still exist, but you have ceased to live.
不要放弃你的幻想。当幻想没有了以后,你还可以生存,但虽生犹死
14.No man or woman who tries to pursue an ideal in his or her own way is without enemies.
凡按自己的方式追求理想者,无不树敌。
15.How we spend our days is, of course, how we spend our lives.
我们怎样打发日子,当然,也就是我们怎样度过这一生。
16.If you doubt yourself, then indeed you stand on shaky ground. (Ibsen, Norwegian dramatist )
如果你怀疑自己,那么你的立足点确实不稳固了。 (挪威剧作家 易卜生)
17.If you would go up high, then use your own legs ! Do not let yourselves carried aloft; do not seat yourselves on other people’s backs and heads. (F. W. Nietzsche, German Philosopher)
如果你想走到高处,就要使用自己的两条腿!不要让别人把你抬到高处;不要坐在别人的背上和头上。(德国哲学家 尼采. F. W.)
18.It is at our mother’s knee that we acquire our noblest and truest and highest, but there is seldom any money in them. ( Mark Twain, American writer )
就是在我们母亲的膝上,我们获得了我们的最高尚、最真诚和最远大的理想,但是里面很少有任何金钱。(美国作家 马克·吐温)
19.The ideals which have lighted my way, and time after time have given me new courage to face life cheerfully 19 have been kindness, beauty and truth.(Albert Einstein, American scientist)
有些理想曾为我们引过道路,并不断给我新的勇气以欣然面对人生,那些理想就是--真、善、美。 (美国科学家 爱因斯坦. A.)
20.The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it. (Johan Wolfgang von Goethe, German Poet and dramatist)
人生重要的事情就是确定一个伟大的目标,并决心实现它。(德国诗人、戏剧家 歌德. J. M.)
21.If winter comes, can spring be far behind ?( P. B. Shelley, British poet )
冬天来了,春天还会远吗?( 英国诗人, 雪莱. P. B.)
22.The man with a new idea is a crank until the idea succeeds. (Mark Twain, American writer)
具有新想法的人在其想法实现之前是个怪人。 (美国作家 马克·吐温)
23.When an end is lawful and obligatory, the indispensable means to is are also lawful and obligatory. (Abraham Lincoln, American statesman)
如果一个目的是正当而必须做的,则达到这个目的的必要手段也是正当而必须采取的。(美国政治家 林肯. A.)
24.The dream is a kind of desire, think it is a kind of action. Dream is the dream and want to crystallization.梦是一种欲望,想是一种行动。梦想是梦与想的结晶。
25.A realization of dream, is a successful person.一个实现梦想的人,就是一个成功的人。
26.Dream no matter how vague, the total hidden in our hearts, our feelings never be quiet, until the dream become a reality.梦想无论怎样模糊,总潜伏在我们心底,使我们的心境永远得不到宁静,直到这些梦想成为事实。
27.Dream is the soul, is our secret truth ( Truman Capote )梦是心灵的思想,是我们的秘密真情(杜鲁门·卡波特)
28.Once the dream into action, will become sacred (, Ann Procter )梦想一旦被付诸行动,就会变得神圣(阿·安·普罗克特)
29.The dreamer is afraid of Destiny ( Thomas Phillips )梦想家的缺点是害怕命运(斯·菲利普斯)
30.A man is not old as long as he is seeking something. A man is not old until regrets take the place of dreams. (J. Barrymore) 只要一个人还有追求,他就没有老。直到后悔取代了梦想,一个人才算老。(巴里摩尔)
31.If you would go up high , then use your own legs! Do not let yourselves carried aloft; do not seat yourselves on other people’s backs and heads . (F. W . Nietzsche , German Philosopher) 如果你想走到高处,就要使用自己的两条腿!不要让别人把你抬到高处;不要坐在别人的背上和头上。(德国哲学家 尼采. F. W.)
32.Have an aim in life, or your energies will be wasted.没有目标的一生注定碌碌无为,确定一个目标吧。——R.Peters
篇4:应用文写作基础:语言运用的要求
全文共 1599 字
+ 加入清单1、准确清晰
准确,即用最恰当的词语和句子如实反映客观事物,表达作者思想。清晰,是指表达时要条理清楚,意思明白。具体应做到:
(1)用词造句要准确。用词准确是指能把握词语遣用的分寸感和合适度。应精选中心词,用准修饰语。能仔细辨析同义词、近义词的用法,对词义轻重。范围宽窄、程度深浅、感情褒贬、语体雅俗、词性差别等都能烂熟于心、姻熟于手。如:"分散"和"涣散"都有"不集中"的意思,"涣散"是具有贬义性质的形容词;"分散"是具有中间性质的动词。"士气涣散"就准确,"士气分散"就不准确。另外,应用文常用数字说明问题,揭示事物之间的数量关系,所以数字运用要准确无误。
(2)用词造句要通顺。指合乎语法,合乎逻辑。通顺也是实现语言准确的保证。
(3)要注意语意鲜明。有时由于特殊需要,还必须使用一些模糊语言,即用一些在外延上不确定、表意比较含糊,以及在运用上具有弹性的词语,如"近年来"、"各地"、"时有"、"大多数"。"有关部门"、"条件许可时"等。该类词语使用恰当,不仅能增加行文的灵活性,而且有助于准确地表达意思,但应谨慎使用。
2、简洁明了
(1)简洁。所谓简洁,就是用较少的文字清楚表达较多、较丰富的内容。要抓住问题的关键,把话说到点子上。主要应做好以下四点:
一要善于观察事物,深刻理解事物,明确认识写作对象,把握住问题的关键。
二要反复锤炼,提高概括能力,杜绝堆砌修饰语现象;适当使用缩略语,如"五讲四美"等。
三要删除一切套话、空话、意思重复的话,向繁冗开刀。克服繁琐冗长的毛病是语言简洁的前提。
四要适当地采用文言词语及短语。文言词语(包括成语、典故)行文简练,富有表现力,写作时适当采用,言简意赅。然而,"简"要得当,"简"得让人不明白或产生歧义也不行。绝不能为简而生造词语。乱缩略、滥用文言以及一概排斥某些行文必需的程式化语句。(2)明了。所谓明了,就是指明明白白、清清楚楚,一是一,二是二。要做到明了,一是要考虑周到,言尽意止;二是要注意用词通俗,不用生僻晦涩的字句;三是在运用数字的时候,只须写出计算的结果,而不须表述具体的计算过程。
3、平实自然
应用文用语应平易通俗,浅显流畅。说明事实、讲清道理即可。不搞"曲笔",不作夸饰,不堆砌辞藻,不追求华丽,不矫揉造作,不用生僻词语,以明白、实在、自然为上。
4、得体妥帖
(1)得体。应用文实用性强,讲究得体。主要应做到以下三点:
一是要适合特定的文体。按文体要求遣词造句,用词、语气、语体风格应符合特定的要求。保持该文体的语言特色和语言风格。如公文宜庄重,调查报告须平实,学术论文应严谨,祝谢哀问需较浓的感情色彩,广告就常用模糊的语言,使用说明书则需具体实在,商业交际文书语言要委婉,合同书的语言则要精确,颁布政策法令应庄重严肃,报喜祝捷要热烈欢快,提出申请该委婉平和,分析问题须有理有据。
二是语言适用于所写的应用文体的需要,做到需要文雅时,决不粗俗;需要委婉时,决不直露;需要明确时,决不含糊;需要模糊时,决不精确。
三是要考虑作者自己的身份,阅读的对象,约稿的单位,写作的目的,甚至还要考虑到与客观环境的和谐一致、恰到好处。比如需要登报或张贴的,语言要通俗易懂;需要宣读或广播的,语言应简明流畅,便于朗读;书信的写作,要根据远近亲疏、尊卑长幼的关系使用相应的语言;公文的写作要根据不同的文种和行文关系而使用相应的语言,否则就不得体。(2)妥贴。语言的妥帖则是指语言要合乎语法的一般规范。
5、生动具体
生动,即言词形象、逼真、有活力,能吸引人。应用文中有些文种的语言也是要求生动的,如讲话稿、调查报告、总结等。选择词语(尤其是动词的运用)时要精心,恰当、传神地运用一些修辞手法,如引用、比喻、拟人、排比等。如某篇调查报告中写当今择偶观时说:"婚姻的含金量增大了。"就十分传神。语言具体,可使文章内容有血有肉,说理深刻有力。其关键在于对事物的仔细观察和深入了解。
篇5:英语日记的写作格式
全文共 308 字
+ 加入清单I have nine little goldfish. Eight goldfish are all orange and one is black. I like the black one best. We call it Xiao Hei. Its body is black. It has two big and round eyes, a small mouth, and a big tail. Though its very small, it swims fast.
I often feed them and change water for them. We are good friends.
篇6:英语写作小技巧
全文共 2401 字
+ 加入清单一、代入法
这是进行英语写作时最常用的方法。同学们在掌握一定的词汇和短语之后,结合一定的语法知识,按照句子的结构特点,直接用英语代人相应的句式即可。如:
1. 他从不承认自己的失败。
He never admits his failure.
2. 那项比赛吸引了大批观众。
The match attracted a large crowd.
3. 他把蛋糕分成4块。
He divided the cake into four pieces.
二、还原法
即把疑问句、强调句、倒装句等还原成基本结构。这是避免写错句子的一种有效的办法。如:
1. 这是开往格拉斯哥的火车吗?
Is this the train for Glasgow?
还原为陈述句:This is the train for Glasgow.
2. 他是因为爱我的钱才同我结了婚。
It was because he loved my money that he married me.
还原为非强调句:Because he loved my money, he married me.
3. 光速很快,我们几乎没法想像它的速度。
So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed.
还原为正常语序:Light travels so fast that we can hardly imagine its speed.
三、分解法
把一个句子分成两个或两个以上的句子。这样既能把意思表达得更明了,又能减少写错句子的几率。如:
1. 我们要干就要干好。
If we do a thing, we should do it well.
2. 从各地来的学生中有许多是北方人。
There are students here from all over the country. Many of them are from the North.
四、合并法
就是把两个或两个以上的简单句用一个复合句或较复杂的简单句表达出来。这种方法最能体现学生的英语表达能力,同时也最能提高文章的可读性。如:
1. 我们迷路了,这使我们的旅行变成了一次冒险。
Our trip turned into an adventure when we got lost.
2. 天气转晴了,这是我们没有想到的。
The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect.
3. 狼是高度群体化的动物,它们的成功依赖于合作。
Wolves are highly social animals whose success depends upon their cooperation.
五、删减法
就是在写英语句子时,把相应汉语句子里的某些词、短语或重复的成分删掉或省略。如:
1. 这部打字机真是价廉物美。
This typewriter is very cheap and fine indeed.
注:汉语表达中的“价”和“物”在英语中均无需译出。
2. 个子不高不是人生中的严重缺陷。
Not being tall is not a serious disadvantage in life.
注:汉语说“个子不高”,其实就是“不高”。也就是说,其中的“个子”在英语中无需译出。
六、移位法
由于英语和汉语在表达习惯上存在差异,根据表达的需要,某些成分需要前置或后移。如:
1. 他发现赚点外快很容易。
He found it easy to earn extra money.
注:it在此为形式宾语,真正的宾语是句末的不定式to earn extra money。
2. 告诉我这事的人不肯告诉我他的名字。
The man who told me this refused to tell me his name.
注:who told me this为修饰the man的定语从句,应置于其后。
3. 直到我遇到你以后,我才真正体会到幸福。
It was not until I met you that I knew real happiness.
注:not...until...为英语中的固定句式,其意为“直到……才……”。
七、分析法
指根据要表示的汉语意思,通过进行语法分析和句式判断,然后写出准确地道的英语句子。如:
1. 从这个角度看,问题并不像人们一般料想的那样严重。
Seen in this light, the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose.
注:分词短语作状语时,其逻辑主语应与句子主语一致,由于the matter与see之间为被动关系,故see要用过去分词seen。
2. 我没有见过他,所以说不出他的模样。
Not having met him, I cannot tell you what he is like.
注:如果分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前,且与逻辑主语是主动关系,则用现在分词的完成式。
八、意译法
有的同学在写句子时,一遇见生词或不熟悉的表达,就以为是“山穷水尽”了。其实,此时我们可以设法绕开难点,在保持原意的基础上,用不同的表达方式写出来。如:
1. 汤姆一直在扰乱别的孩子,我就把他撵了出去。
Tom was upsetting the other children, so I showed him the door.
2. 有志者事竟成。
Where there is a will, there is a way.
3. 你可以同我们一起去或是呆在家中,悉听尊便。
You can go with us or stay at home, whichever you choose.
篇7:假期旅游计划英语作文
全文共 744 字
+ 加入清单This summer ,i want to go to beijing.Its a great pity that i only stay for two days in Beijing that i cannot enjoy every tourist attractions. But i can still visit the attractions of the most representative. Firstly, I am going to the Great Wall, which is the longest wall and one of the eight wonders of the world. It was built by hands only, which seems unimaginable. On the second day, i can visit to the Imperial Palace where you can learn more about Chinese history. It was built in 1406 and there were 24 emperors living in there. And then i can go to Summer Palace or Beihai Park.
Beijing is a modern city as well as a historic city where there are many places worth visiting. Given the chance, welcome to travel to Beijing in the future.
篇8:考研英语作文基础写作突破这三点就成功
全文共 787 字
+ 加入清单词汇拼写错误较为严重,词汇选用上会有不当的情况。
应对策略就是平时阅读过程中注意单词拼写,关注单词使用语境,多积累高级词汇和句型。
语法掌握不好,句子的基本构成主谓结构掌握不清。
Due to the fact that the mental state, we have to keep a balance between the physical and the mental.
这句话中,due to the fact that后面需要接一个句子,而上句中只是一个名词性短语,所以错误。另外,between...and...需要连接两个名词短语,上句中形容词physical和mental后缺少名词性成分。改正为Due to the fact that the mental state plays a significant role, we have to keep a balance between the physical well-being and the mental health.
格式不正确,结构不清晰,汉语式英文思维太过明显,翻译的过程中常常不合英文写作要求。
应对的策略是多阅读范文,写作前列提纲,注意使用衔接词。
格式不正确常常出现在应用文中,有人会忘记写落款。这是我们在写作过程中特别需要注意的,否则格式错误就要相应的扣分。另外,有些文章结构不清晰,或者没有分段,或者段落之间的内容混乱。开头段就开始论述问题,第二段提出建议,结尾段又给出原因,逻辑混乱不清,抓不住重点。所以我们在写文章时一定要先打腹稿,明确行文结构和大概内容,这样在写作过程中才不至于不知道说什么,甚至瞎写一通。
总而言之,新大纲非常强调大家的英语写作技能,我们在平时的备考过程中一定要多进行英文文章的写作,养成良好的写作习惯,注意单词拼写、语法检查、逻辑结构,这样写出的文章才能过关。
篇9:假期计划英语
全文共 6097 字
+ 加入清单暑假计划
im happy to have such a good summer holiday!of course,i have many things to prepare。
first,i need to make a plan about my holiday。i will do my homework 5 hours a day,and i want to read some famous english books to improve my english study。then, i will see some funny edies。mr。bean or tom hankss movies all cool! they can relax myself!if i have enough time,i will go dancing swimming! i wanna keep fit,you know!and,i will spend some time on my math。i always be careless on the math exam。i want to be careful!
i really have a large number of things to do,maybe its a bit busy nervous。but i like this sort of life。i will try my best to do these tings!i believe myself,i can do all of them!its nice to have this kind of courage!
关于暑假计划的英语作文
dear john brown,
how’s it goingi’m zhang hua。 i’m a student in no。1 middle school。 i have been studying english for 4 years。 and i can talk to a native speaker in english。
in the school, i always talk to my classmates in english。 you know it’s good for my english speaking。 of course, i try to listen to the teacher carefully。 after school, i often read some english magazines newspapers。 sometimes i learn some english songs。 it can improve my english grades。
except this way ,i hope i can try another way to improve my english。 so i want to take part in the summer camp。 so i want to ask you some questions。 could you tell me when the summer camp will start where the summer camp holdthen i want to know how money i should pay for the summer campat last ,could you tell me some requirements
good luck to you。
yours
zhang hua
假期计划英语作文(三):
my holiday plan
the summer holiday is ing soon。 what will i do in my summer holidayi am going to go on a trip with my parents。
i’m going to dongguan park in my summer holiday。 i will go with my parents。 we are going to eat good food and see the flowers in dongguan park。 we are going to climb mountains, too。 we can have a picnic there and we can read magazines there, too。 of course, we will take many photos in the park。
i think i will have a happy holiday this summer。 what about you
假期计划英语作文(四):
my summer holiday plans
my summer holiday began on july。8,i plan to go to travel in my summer holiday。i will travel to zhangjiajie。i will go there by train。i will travel with my mother and my father and other friends。i will travel for five days。i also plan to do my homework in my summer holiday。i think i will have a good time。
假期计划英语作文(五):
假期计划英语作文:a plan for the summer holiday
i have a happy holiday。 in the holiday。 i have do lots of thing。
first, i make a plan。 plan about everyday life and study。 my life have rule。
second, i according to plan execuition。 enable my holiday is very amplitude。
i watch tv, too。 i love english today。 because i like english very much。
sometimes i play the puter。 i can watch mtv and learn english on puter。
i have a good holiday。
假期计划英语作文(六):
假期计划英语作文:my summer holiday
i am going to have a happy holiday。i am going to beijing on my summer holiday。i am going with my parents。we are going by plane。we are going to visit the great wall。i am going to eat good food。i am going to visit my aunt。that will be fun。what are you going to do on your summer holidaycan you tell me
假期计划英语作文(七):
假期计划英语作文:my winter holiday
i decide to make a plan about my holiday。let me tell you about my own idea!if i want to make myself health ,i should take more exercise and eat more veget
ables and fruits 。do not forgot to do my homework in time 。 anyway ,i think we must relax
ourselves 。so my family want to make a trip together !i can not wait!
假期计划英语作文(八):
how i spent my summer vacation
i spent this summer vacation in quite a different way。 i used to run about every day in previous summer vacations, but this summer vacation i simply could not afford to do so。 i would soon be in the last year of my high-school education and would after graduation be up against the college entrance examinations。 though those examinations were still a year away, i had to start early to make myself well prepared by reviewing all those things i had learned at school and this summer vacation was the ideal time for me to do this。 at first i was rather dismayed at the thought of this, but later i thought it was better this way because by working hard this summer i could count on endless happy summers to e。 with this in mind i then set to work like anything and only occasionally went out for a change or did some physical。 i was not at all bored by this kind of life, for i was sustained by a hope。
假期计划英语作文(九):
how i spent my summer vacation
summer can be very hot in southern taiwan where the temperature usually goes up to 32c or more。 because of the heat it is a trying experience to go to school or do anything else in a place that is not air-conditioned。 also because of this i stay at home most of the time during the summer vacation and only occasionally go to the beach to plunge myself into the cool water as a way to keep my body less sticky。 actually i like swimming and think nothing is more refreshing than a swim。 in the summer vacation that has just ended i went swimming many times with my classmates and we all had a good time。 this summer vacation, however, was not spent entirely in seeking fun。 as a second-year senior student i had to prepare myself for the college entrance examinations that were only a year away。 in other words, i must find time to study, too。 so i divided my time between work and play during the summer vacation and derived much benefit from this arrangement。
假期计划英语作文(十):
how i spent my summer vacation
the summer vacation had e round again。 i was happy that i could forget about school at least for a while。 lest i fool around all through this summer vacation, i made a plan as to how to spend it。 first, i thought i should go over all those things my teachers taught in the previous term so that i could have a better understanding of them。 then i thought i should take up some forms of exercise, such as walking, running and rowing, to keep me physically strong。 it stood to reason that with such a good plan i should make the best of my vacation time。 i did, because i lived up to what i had planned。
篇10:应用文写作的基本要求
全文共 5463 字
+ 加入清单应用文是机关团体、单位或个人在日常工作、学习、生活中用以处理事务、沟通关系的具有一定的惯用格式的文体。它强调处理事务、沟通关系方面的直接的实用价值,因而在写作上有其特定的要求。应用文写作的基本要求,可以概括为“明确、完备、合式、得体”八个字。
一、明确,是说行文的主旨要明确。“主”是基本、中心;“旨”是主张、宗旨。应用文的主旨,就是一篇应用文在提出问题、分析问题、解决问题的过程中所表达出来的基本内容与中心观点,是作者具体的行文目的的体现。
写一篇应用文,不但自己要明确行文的目的与中心,明确为什么要写这一篇应用文,主要反映什么内容;而且要让读者能迅捷而准确地明了你行文的意图,了解你的观点、要求,了解你提出的主要问题,了解该文所涉及的事务与关系。不能让读者在读了你的来文后仍不明不白,无法了解问题的主次轻重,甚至对发文者的意图、观点产生误解。例如某校团委为组织登山比赛活动向党委申请活动经费所写的一份《关于组织登山比赛活动的请示》,文中详细地说明了组织该项活动的目的、比赛的时间、地点、活动的具体内容、经费开支情况等,却没有明确提出“请予拨款”的要求,加上标题又没有明确反映出申请经费的意思,这就使收文者看不出发文者是在申请经费、要求拨款,而理解为发文者已有这笔经费,只是行文请求党委批准他们使用这笔经费组织一次登山比赛活动。像这样的应用文,其主旨就是不明确的。
行文要实现主旨明确,首先要求作者对发文的目的、意图有清醒的认识;其次要求作者对行文的中心、,内容的基本方面、问题的主次轻重做到心中有数;再次,要求作者在行文时还要做到“立主脑,去枝蔓”,在确定主旨、中心以后,应紧紧围绕中心、主旨来选择有关的材料,组织有关的内容。
二、完备,是说内容要素要齐全。所谓内容要素,指的是一篇应用文在处理事务、沟通关系上必不可少的内容因素。
应用文写作总是直接地与具体的事务相联系的,旨在解决工作、学习或生活中的某些具体问题,最讲究现实的效益。内容要素完备这一要求,正是应用文实用性这一特点所决定的。看一篇应用文的内容要素是否齐全完备,关键就看其能否满足处理事务、沟通关系的实际需要。一篇应用文之所以缺乏实用价值,一个很主要的原因就是内容要素不完备。例如,某单位向当地石油公司请求增拨石油,理由讲了不少,可到底要求增拨多少石油却只字未提,以致石油公司无法作出答复与安排。内容要素不完备,有时还会造成主旨不明,从而影响应用文的实用价值。如上面谈到的那份“请示”,就是由于缺少了“请予拨款”这一项内容以致收文者对发文者的发文意图作了别解,使该请示失去了实用价值。
不同的应用文体有其不同的内容要素。例如,计划,其内容要素是制定计划的“目的”、“依据”(这两点虽不一定要见诸书面,却是制定计划时不可不加考虑的内容)、“任务要求”、“方法措施”、“进程与时序”;而经验总结的内容要素则为“总的工作成绩”、具体的“做法”、“效果”及“经验、体会”等;经济合同则有“标的”、“数量与质量”、“价款或酬金”、“履行的期限、地点和方式”、“违约责任”等主要条款。
即使是同一文体的应用文,因其处理的具体事务不同、写作目的不同等原因,其内容要素也会有所不同。就拿经济合同来说,其主要条款,除上述五条外,“法律规定的或按合同性质必须具备的条款,以及当事人一方要求必须规定的条款,也是经济合同的主要条款”(见《中华人民共和国经济合同法》第二章第十二条)。可见用于不同事务的经济合同会有不同的条款,甚至因当事人不同,同类合同也会有不同的条款。这些不同的条款,也就是不同的经济合同各自应具备的内容要素。
再拿调查报告来说。即使是反映同一调查对象的调查报告,因报告的目的不同,其内容要素也会有所不同。例如《上海市街道集体企事业的调查》(载1979年2月8日《文汇报》)。其旨在帮助上海市街道集体企事业排除障碍、健康发展,因此报告的重点就放在这两个方面:一是上海市街道集体企事业的作用和贡献;二是上海市街道集体企事业在继续发展方面存在的障碍。前者写出了该调查对象继续发展的必要性,后者则写出如何扶持其发展。没有前者,看不出调查对象有无继续发展的必要,这就很难激发有关部门对帮助其发展的兴趣和积极性;无后者则看不出该对象在继续发展上还存在哪些障碍,有关部门就难以有的放矢地去解决问题以保证其健康发展。可见这两点都是这篇调查报告的内容要素,缺一不可。假如这篇调查报告的目的是为了给其他城市的同类企业树立样板以指导它们多作贡献、健康发展,那么该调查报告就应着重反映上海市街道集体企事业如何开展工作、取得成绩,如何健康发展等方面,从而使该调查对象工作上的成绩、做法、效果、经验、体会等项成为这篇调查报告的内容要素。
因此我们写作应用文,一定要从实际出发,考虑该篇应用文有何非写不可、必不可少的内容,努力做到内容要素齐全完备。
三、合式,是要求符合所用应用文体的程式性要求。程式性是应用文的又一大特点,它主表表现为具有一定的惯用格式。这一点,法定的行政公文与电报表现得极为突出。拿公文来说,标题、发文字号、主送及抄送抄报机关名称、正文、附件标注、发文时间、秘密等级、缓急程度等项的写法及其书写位置等都有特定的要求,甚至连文字的书写排印、用纸的规格及装订等都有严格的规定。
有些应用文虽无明确规定其书面格式、书写体例,但一般都有其较常用的结构形式。如调查报告,其写法虽比较灵活,无固定的书写格式,但在写作中却常常采用“三部式”的结构方式:前言部分概述有关的基本情况(反映基本情况的调查报告多写关于调查活动方面的基本情况,如调查的时间、地点、范围方式、基本过程;调查的对象、目的、项目、总的调查结论等。总结典型经验的调查报告则着重写关于调查对象方面的基本情况,如调查对象的历史、现状、组织结构、基本的工作及成绩、总的经验体会等);主文部分则根据报告的目的写出调查中形成的有关观点及说明这些观点的具体的调查材料;结语部分则对主文部分作必要的概括、总结或补充。
就一般的文章写作而言,格式大致包括以下三个方面的内容(或者说主要反映在三个方面):一是行款格式,主要指文字的书写排印的规定;标点符号的书写规定;标题、署名等位置的规定等等。二是内容表达的书面形式,如分条列项式、篇段合一式、分部切块式、表格式等等。三是正文的组织结构方式,包括行文顺序、开头结尾的安排等等。再具体到应用文的格式来说,则还有一个重要的方面,即“结构要素”方面。所胃结构要素,指的是构成一种应用文体的各个部分和项目(它不同于内容要素。内容要素是就正文部分的内容来说的,而结构要素则是对于全文的结构来说的。相对于内容要素来说,结构要素具有一定的直观性与外部性。一篇应用文的内容要素是否完备,往往一眼看不出来,必须结合处理事务的现实需要,深入到文章的内部,通过对正文的内容作认真分析后才能了解。而一篇应用文的结构要素是否完备,则一般可以从文章的外部形式上把握,往往可以一目了然)。
应用文的结构要素,可以分为“一般结构要素”与“特殊结构要素”两类。“一般结构要素”指的是一种应用文体中的所有篇章都必须具备的。例如公文中的“标题”、“发文字号”、“主送机关名称”、“正文”、“印章”、“发文时间”等等,这是每一篇公文都要具备的部分。至于“特殊结构要素”则不是一种应用文体中的所有篇章都必须具备的,而只是其中某些或某一篇章为了满足某种特殊的需要所特别具备的。仍以公文为例,除了上述那些“一般结构要素”外,秘密公文要标明秘密等级;紧急公文要标明缓急程度;有附件的公文要在正文之后注明附件名称与顺序;上报国务院的公文应注明签发人;会议通过的文件要在标题之下、正文之前注明会议名称与通过日期。这秘密等级、缓急程度、附件标注、签发人姓名、会议名称与通过日期等等,便是公文的“特殊结构要素”。
应用文的结构要素,有如一部机器的零部件。少了一个零部件往往会影响机器的组装与正常运转。一篇应用文的结构要素残缺不全,也会影响到结构的完整,影响到应用文正常的处理,会损害其现实效用。可以说,结构要素乃是应用文格式的主要方面。
对应用文的“一定的惯用格式”,应着重从上述这几个方面去了解把握,以便使自己写出的用文达到“合式”的要求。
应用文的程式性也是由应用文的实用性所决定的。应用文作为信息的载体,其程式性掌握利用得好,有利于迅捷、准确地传递、接收与处理信息,有利于稳妥、及时地处理事务、沟通关系。否则容易影响接收者对信息的处理、贮存,甚至贻误大事。例如一大学生去信国外,因不懂该国书写信封的习惯、体例,照我们的习惯去写,结果信给退了回来。因此,我们不能把应用文的程式性理解为纯属形式主义的东西、而无视应用文写作“合式”的要求。
四、得体。所谓得体,就是得当、恰当。得体对于应用文来说显得十分重要,因其往往直接影响到应用文处理事务、沟通关系的现实效益。
得体的要求是多方面的。就应用文写作而言,主要反映在三个方面:一是文体的选用方面。不同的应用文体有不同的功用,反映了不同的行文目的和要求,有的还反映了收发双方之间不同的身份关系。这就有一个使用文体是否得当的问题。例如向非上下隶属关系的有关部门请求批准,就应用“函”而不能用“请示”,否则便是“搞错对象”,很不得体。又如向上级汇报工作、反映情况、提出建议就应用“报告”而不是“请示”。又如办学招生可用“启事”、“广告”而不宜用“通告”。二是行文方面。这里主要指表达方式的运用与篇章结构的安排。前者指的是要根据文体的特点来正确运用表达方式。例如“会议通知”,具有告知性、规定性。就表达方式而言,主要是运用叙述、说明,而不用或少用抒情、描写。后者指的是篇章结构应适应文体的特点与要求。就拿开头来说,应用文旨在应用,要求“易见事”,其开头一般应开门见山、开宗明义,而不宜搞“曲径通幽”、“烘云托月”之类。其他如层次、段落的安排,结尾的处理等方面,不同的应用文体都各有其习惯的做法。三是语言的运用方面。这是应用文写作“得体”的主要方面。我们说应用文写作要得体,主要也就是说其语言的运用要得体。下面就着重谈谈这一方面的问题。
我们认为,应用文语言要得体,主要是要注意以下几点:
1.要符合作者在社会关系中的地位。即叙事论理、遣词造句时要注意一定的身份,要能正确体现出收发双方之间一定的关系。《文心雕龙·书记》称“祢衡代书,亲疏得宜”。这“亲疏得宜”就是指正确体现了收发双方间一定的关系。如公文中的传送用语:“上报”、“呈报”用于上行,“印发”、“颁发”用于下行。倘用错了便不符合作者在社会关系中的特定位置。《文心雕龙》所谓“若夫尊长差序,则肃以节文”不能仅仅视为维护封建等级观念,从处理事务求得实效而言,这还是有必要的。
2.要注意特定的场合与氛围,要做到和谐协调。如贺喜时不说丧气话,严肃的场合不说俏皮话等。又如写请柬,用于商店开张、会议开幕的可以写“敬请光临指导”,而用于结婚宴请的则不宜写“指导”之类字眼。
3.要注意让对方乐于接受、易于接受。要分别对象,采用对方乐于接受、易于接受的言语。为了使对方乐于接受,有必要了解对方的个性、习惯、情绪、忌讳等等。如对比较幽默风趣的人说点俏皮话还可以;对一贯严肃、不苟言笑的人就不要耍噱头、说俏皮话。有的人很讲究忌讳,同这种人说话在这方面就应特别注意。一般人忌讳的话也要尽管少说。有一个储蓄所的营业员,把“要存定期还是存活期”说成“要死的还是要活的”,结果把前来储蓄的一个老人气走了。这就是说话不得体的后果。同一个意思往往可以有不同的说法,其中有的说法人家乐于接受,有的说法则令人感到不堪入耳。这就要求我们在遣词造句以表情达意时要十分慎重,要尽量做到让对方乐于接受(在这方面可以说只有一个例外,那就是你是有意要激怒对方)。此外,还要注意适合对方的文化程度、专业水平等,使对方易于理解、易于接受。例如对文化程度不高的人,就宜尽量多用平易通俗的词语,而不要使用古奥的词语;对不熟悉某一专业的人,就不宜过多的使用该门类的专业术语。否则,“对牛弹琴”,于己于人都毫无益处。
4.语言色彩要符合特定的行文目的及内容性质的要求。如颁布政令的要庄重严肃;通报错误的要说理严正、义正词严;申请要求的要平和委婉;报喜祝捷的要热烈欢快,等等。《文心雕龙·诏策》里说:“故授官选贤,则义柄重离之辉;优文封策,则气含风雨之润;敕戒恒诰,则笔吐星汉之华;治戎燮伐,则声有洊雷之威;眚灾肆赦,则文有春露之滋;明罚敕法,则辞有秋霜之烈,此诏策之大略也。”这说的便是语言色彩与行文目的、内容性质的要求相符合的问题。
5.要符合应用文体的语体要求,体现所用语体的个性。应用文主要使用事务语体,而事务语体最大的特点是“平实”,即通俗易懂,质朴实在。这就要求我们在写作中坚持“辞达而已矣”的古训,要坚决反对堆砌词藻、生造词语、半文不白、古奥难懂、追求含蓄而流于晦涩、肆意夸大其辞、说空话废话等等现象。平实,是对应用文语言的总的要求。在这个总的要求下,不同的应用文体对语言的运用还有其具体的要求。如公文,其语言除了平实这一点以外,就还要求简明、庄重。因此在写作应用文时,语言的运用要注意符合不同文体的要求,也就是要体现出所用语体的个性。
写作应用文,说什么、不说什么、怎样说、何时说等等,都要认真考虑。语言得体将有利于处理事务、沟通关系,达到预期的效果。而是否有利于处理事务、沟通关系,达到预期的效果,也是衡量语言运用是否得体的一把尺子。
篇11:关于考试的意见英语作文
全文共 2608 字
+ 加入清单Since school comes into being, the test standard has been used to appraise performance of students. So far it is still being used, which may suggest that actually there are some advantages in it. However, it is also highly possible that the test standard is a not ideal way to find out what students have learned and what they haven‘t. Most school is still using it just because there is no better method to replace it.
In my opinion, the following three points are the critical flaws in the test standard.One of the most harmful effects on the test method is that it will force us to study just for passing tests, not for acquiring knowledge especially in China. Obviously the final object of education is making us intellective by learning more knowledge. While the test is only a way to examine the level of students‘ studies, it has been deteriorated to a sifter deciding the fate of students. Why can it be called a terrible sifter? Now in the tests, which decide who can enter a higher school, thousands of poor students, who want a splendid future, must prepare for the tests by finishing a great deal of practices. Those practice tests are heavy-laden to them. So in this case, how can they be expected to study to obtain knowledge? To them that are enough if they can reach the level which tests need. In the end what our nation will get, genuine persons with ability or just test robots?Secondly, tests will bring the examinees great pressure, which can affect their lives. A typical example of this is that most young students have worn glasses even though some of them are still children. For preparing for tests, they must spend a lot of time on doing their homework so that their eyesight becomes worse and worse. And the more time they spend on those, the less time they have for playing and relaxing. Consequently, there is a bad influence on their health.Thirdly, in fact, test system itself can not veraciously estimate who is better than others because there are many factors impacting the results of test. For instance, someone cheated in test so that his score would be higher than others. Or someone who was too nervous to perform well fell in the test.
Only in spare time and no pressure of tests existent, students can study simply for the fun, for obtaining knowledge and for the things that they are really interested in. But now the test system is the only way to select which one is better, who can reach better school and who can get good job. Then what we can do is to improve the test system or hope that something better will be invented and replace the test system.
篇12:大学生英语六级考试写作素材
全文共 3869 字
+ 加入清单一、用于描写图表和数据
1. It has increased by three times as compared with that of 1998.
2. There is an increase of 20% in total this year.
3. It has been increased by a factor of 4since 1995.
4. It would be expected to increase 5 times.
5. The table shows a three times increase over that of last year.
6. It was decreased twice than that of the year 1996.
7. The total number was lowered by 10%.
8. It rose from 10-15 percent of the total this year.
9. Compared with 1997, it fell from 15 to 10 percent.
10. The number is 5 times as much as that of 1995.
11. It has decreased almost two and half times, compared with…
二、用于解释性和阐述性论说文
1. Everybody knows that…
2. It can be easily proved that…
3. It is true that…
4. No one can deny that
5. One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is…
6. The chief reason is that…
7. We must recognize that…
8. There is on doubt that…
9. I am of the opinion that…
10. This can be expressed as follows;
11. To take …for an example…
12. We have reason to believe that
13. Now that we know that…
14. Among the most convincing reasons given, one should be mentioned…
15. The change in …largely results from the fact that
16. There are several causes for this significant growth in…,first …,second …,finally…
17. A number of factors could account for the development in…
18. Perhaps the primary reason is…
19. It is chiefly responsible of…
20. The reasons for…are complicated, And probably they are found in the fact…
21. Here are several possible reasons, excerpt that…
22. Somebody believes/argues/holds/insists/thinks that…
23. It is not simple to give the reason for this complicated phenomenon…
24. Different people observes it in different ways.
三、用于文章的开头
1. As the proverb says…
2. It goes without saying tan…
3. Generally speaking…
4. It is quite clear than because…
5. It is often said that …
6. Many people often ask such question:“…?”
7. More and more people have come to realize…
8. There is no doubt that…
9. Some people believe that…
10. These days we are often told that, but is this really the case?
11. One great man said that…
12. Recently the issue of… has been brought to public attention.
13. In the past several years there has been…
14. Now it is commonly held that… but I doubt whether…
15. Currently there is a widespread concern that…
16. Now people in growing number are coming to realize that…
17. There is a general discussion today about the issue of …
18. Faced with…, quite a few people argue that…, but other people conceive differently.
四、用于文章的结尾
1. from this point of view…
2. in a word…
3. in conclusion…
4. on account of this we can find that…
5. the result is dependent on…
6. therefore, these findings reveal the following information:
7. thus, this is the reason why we must…
8. to sum up …
9. as far as…be concerned, I believe that…
10. It is obvious that…
11. There is little doubt that…
12. There is no immediate solution to the problem of …, but …might be helpful
13. None of the solutions is quite satisfactory. The problem should be examined in a new way.
14. It is high time that we put considerable emphasis on…
15. Taking into account all these factors, we may safely reach the conclustion that…
五、用于论证和说明
1. As it is described that…
2. It has been illustrated that…
3. It provides a good example of…
4. We may cite another instance of…
5. History man provides us with the examples of…
6. A number of further facts may be added…
7. The situation is not unique, it is typical of dozens I have heard.
8. A recent investigation indicate that…
9. According to the statistics provided …
10. According to a latest study, it can be predicted…
11. There is no sufficient evidence to show that…
12. All available evidence points to the fact that…
13. Examples given leads me to conclude that…
14. It reveals the unquestionable fact that…
15. The idea may be proved by facts…
16. All the facts suggest that…
17. No one can deny the fact that…
18. We may face the undeniable fact that…
篇13:寒假计划英语作文附翻译
全文共 1137 字
+ 加入清单寒假即将到来,请根据下面提示,写一篇70~90字的寒假计划。
提示:rest, Spring Festival,visit,help parents,play with friends, do homework,mend up English,prepare for new term. Plan for the winter Holiday
winter vacation plan
How time flies(时间过得真快),unconsciously(不知不觉地) the next winter vacation (寒假)will soon come.In order to improve(提高) myself as well as enjoy a happy holiday,I made the winter vacation plan.
Firstly i want to continue with my study,i think study is a life process,so no matter what the situation I am in,i will look for chances to continue it.I have bought several new books ,including those books on my major(专业)and some novels ,I will try to finish reading them in the holiday and write notes.
Secondly,since it is the holiday,I will share it with my family and friends .You know the spring festival will soon come, I believe I would chatting and play games with my friends and family .I think I will enjoy the vacation.
寒假计划
时间过得真快,不知不觉得下一个寒假就要到了,为了提高我自己同时快乐的度过假期,我制定了寒假计划。
首先,我会继续学习,我认为学习是一种终身的过程,所以不管我处在那种情况之下,我都会寻找机会学习。我已经买了一些新书,这些书有的跟我的专业有关,也包括一些小说。我将努力读完他们并写下读书笔记。
其次,既然是放假,我将和我的家人朋友一起度过,你知道春节就要来临了,届时我会和我的家人朋友一起聊天啊,玩游戏啊等等,我相信我定会度过一个快乐的假期。
篇14:作文写作基础:应用文写作的语言
全文共 3469 字
+ 加入清单下面是小编为你带来的作文写作基础:应用文写作的语言,希望对你有帮助。
一、语言的特点
掌握应用文写作语言的特点,即语言的信实性、针对性、规范化和专门化
作者运用语言的能力,主要体现在对各种文体语言的敏感和自觉把握、开拓上。应用文因其要交流业务、传递信息、宣传政策、一探讨问题,甚至需录存凭证的实用要求,其语言必然具有一些自身的特点:
1、信实性
要使各种信息得到读者的信任,其语言就应信实可靠,去伪存真,弃浮留实,不言过其实,在真实中获得自己的生命。要做到语言的信实必须做到以下几点:
(1)要掌握表述的分寸。在当用与不当用、偏高与偏低、偏大与偏小之间加以区分;事物的范围、性质要描述和归纳得恰如其分。要求表述的含义清楚,词语的内涵、外延明确,一切会导致歧义、多义和似是而非的象征、隐喻等等都应在排除之列,以免引起误解而致误导。如"成绩"与"成就"之分,"错误"与"缺点"之分,"大多数"与"绝大多数"的不同,"部分"与"大部分"的界限。
(2)表现要诚达。"诚",就是要求有实实在在的内容,不能空话连篇,言之无物;不能装腔作势,哗众取宠;"达",就是要求语言能原原本本地把内容表达清楚,忌浮言、假话。如介绍商品,性质、功能、售后服务、价格等都须实事求是,不吹嘘、不护短,才能在感情上取得顾客的信任。那些"王婆卖瓜,自卖自夸"的花言巧语,那种动辄"领导世界新潮流"、"誉满全球"的陈词滥调只会失信于读者,最终削弱商品的竞争力。
(3)数字要精确,字词运用要恰当。借助极富科学性和说服力的数字,发现问题、分析问题、解决问题。但应慎重,不能混用。如数字发生变化时表达要清楚,"增加了多少"与"增加到多少"并不一样;有关数字的词语要概念明确,比如"以上"、"以下"、"不足"、"超过"、"小于"、"大于"的用法不应给读者造成疑窦,如不要在"100公斤以上的"、"100公斤以下的"之后给读者留下"100公斤的"该怎么办的问号。
2、针对性
即看对象说话。许多应用文的语言,受客观环境和政策法规的制约,都应看准表述对象,因人、因事、因时、因地而异,不可千篇一律。给领导看的,要求语言庄重,文字简约;给群众看的,则要求深入浅出,语言通俗;介绍一件商品,要注意具体的对象、环境、内容和要求,做到随机应变,以获得最佳的传播效果。针对性强,就能使文章有的放矢,有助于解决问题。
3、规范化和专门化
应用写作的语言不同于其他写作,以书面语言为主。尤其在某些文种中,如命令等,只能用书面语言而不能掺杂其他语体,并大量使用规范化、专门化的词语。体现出以下特点:
(1)具有词语的稳定性与选择性的统一。所谓词语的稳定性,是指某些固定的词语相对稳定地使用于某些应用文。如介绍信的开头总以"兹有"开启下文,许多公文的结尾都以"特此"收束全文。所谓词语的选择性大多数的应用文都有一套比较固定的规范性习惯用语,供人们在写作时选用。这些习惯用语多用于应用文的标题、开头、引文、过渡与结尾处。例如:开头用语中的鉴于、为、为了、由于、遵照、按照、根据、随着、兹有、奉、近来等;结尾用语中的本、为荷、为要、为盼、此令、此复、希即遵照执行、希酌情办理、现予公布。特此函达、以上报告,请审核、当否,请批示、以上妥否,请指示等。
(2)具有句法的稳定性和灵活性的统一。所谓句法的稳定性,是指某些类型的句子在应用文中占有很大的分量。如总结中要汇报情况,请示时要阐述原因,求职信中要作自我介绍等,主要使用陈述句。应用文在有所陈述的基础上,往往要提要求,无论是上级对下级,还是下级对上级。如"以上通知,请遵照执行","以上请求,望领导批准为荷"等等。所谓句法的灵活性,是指在稳定性的基础上,适当地求新、求变。灵活恰当地选用句式,可使行文变化多姿,从而增强文章语言的表达效果,增强文章的外在美。例如,对事物下定义时宜用长单句、判断句;叙述事物时宜用短句;发号施令时宜用短句、单句、主动句。总之,选用什么样的句式,要根据表述内容灵活掌握。
(3)力求简洁,具有庄重感。应用文中,经常使用一些文言词语,如常用的有"经、业经、业已、兹、兹有、兹将、特、者、荷、取、于、而、则、为、为此、与之、依、逾、至、其、亦、以、尚、须、未、予、示、之……",可增强文章的庄重感。
(4)用图式替代语言文字。图式包括图、画、符号、照片、表格、公式等。在应用文特别是科技应用文中大量使用,成为一种常见的辅助书面语言,从而形成应用文语言的又一大特色。
二、语言运用的要求
掌握语言运用的基本要求,即:语言要准确清晰、简洁明了、平实自然、得体妥帖、生动具体
1、准确清晰
准确,即用最恰当的词语和句子如实反映客观事物,表达作者思想。清晰,是指表达时要条理清楚,意思明白。具体应做到:
(1)用词造句要准确。用词准确是指能把握词语遣用的分寸感和合适度。应精选中心词,用准修饰语。能仔细辨析同义词、近义词的用法,对词义轻重。范围宽窄、程度深浅、感情褒贬、语体雅俗、词性差别等都能烂熟于心、姻熟于手。如:"分散"和"涣散"都有"不集中"的意思,"涣散"是具有贬义性质的形容词;"分散"是具有中间性质的动词。"士气涣散"就准确,"士气分散"就不准确。另外,应用文常用数字说明问题,揭示事物之间的数量关系,所以数字运用要准确无误。
(2)用词造句要通顺。指合乎语法,合乎逻辑。通顺也是实现语言准确的保证。
(3)要注意语意鲜明。有时由于特殊需要,还必须使用一些模糊语言,即用一些在外延上不确定、表意比较含糊,以及在运用上具有弹性的词语,如"近年来"、"各地"、"时有"、"大多数"。"有关部门"、"条件许可时"等。该类词语使用恰当,不仅能增加行文的灵活性,而且有助于准确地表达意思,但应谨慎使用。
2、简洁明了
(1)简洁。所谓简洁,就是用较少的文字清楚表达较多、较丰富的内容。要抓住问题的关键,把话说到点子上。主要应做好以下四点:
一要善于观察事物,深刻理解事物,明确认识写作对象,把握住问题的关键。
二要反复锤炼,提高概括能力,杜绝堆砌修饰语现象;适当使用缩略语,如"五讲四美"等。
三要删除一切套话、空话、意思重复的话,向繁冗开刀。克服繁琐冗长的毛病是语言简洁的前提。
四要适当地采用文言词语及短语。文言词语(包括成语、典故)行文简练,富有表现力,写作时适当采用,言简意赅。然而,"简"要得当,"简"得让人不明白或产生歧义也不行。绝不能为简而生造词语。乱缩略、滥用文言以及一概排斥某些行文必需的程式化语句。(2)明了。所谓明了,就是指明明白白、清清楚楚,一是一,二是二。要做到明了,一是要考虑周到,言尽意止;二是要注意用词通俗,不用生僻晦涩的字句;三是在运用数字的时候,只须写出计算的结果,而不须表述具体的计算过程。
3、平实自然
应用文用语应平易通俗,浅显流畅。说明事实、讲清道理即可。不搞"曲笔",不作夸饰,不堆砌辞藻,不追求华丽,不矫揉造作,不用生僻词语,以明白、实在、自然为上。
4、得体妥帖
(1)得体。应用文实用性强,讲究得体。主要应做到以下三点:
一是要适合特定的文体。按文体要求遣词造句,用词、语气、语体风格应符合特定的要求。保持该文体的语言特色和语言风格。如公文宜庄重,调查报告须平实,学术论文应严谨,祝谢哀问需较浓的感情色彩,广告就常用模糊的语言,使用说明书则需具体实在,商业交际文书语言要委婉,合同书的语言则要精确,颁布政策法令应庄重严肃,报喜祝捷要热烈欢快,提出申请该委婉平和,分析问题须有理有据。
二是语言适用于所写的应用文体的需要,做到需要文雅时,决不粗俗;需要委婉时,决不直露;需要明确时,决不含糊;需要模糊时,决不精确。
三是要考虑作者自己的身份,阅读的对象,约稿的单位,写作的目的,甚至还要考虑到与客观环境的和谐一致、恰到好处。比如需要登报或张贴的,语言要通俗易懂;需要宣读或广播的,语言应简明流畅,便于朗读;书信的写作,要根据远近亲疏、尊卑长幼的关系使用相应的语言;公文的写作要根据不同的文种和行文关系而使用相应的语言,否则就不得体。(2)妥贴。语言的妥帖则是指语言要合乎语法的一般规范。
5、生动具体
生动,即言词形象、逼真、有活力,能吸引人。应用文中有些文种的语言也是要求生动的,如讲话稿、调查报告、总结等。选择词语(尤其是动词的运用)时要精心,恰当、传神地运用一些修辞手法,如引用、比喻、拟人、排比等。如某篇调查报告中写当今择偶观时说:"婚姻的含金量增大了。"就十分传神。语言具体,可使文章内容有血有肉,说理深刻有力。其关键在于对事物的仔细观察和深入了解。
篇15:中考英语写作万能模板之解决方法型
全文共 533 字
+ 加入清单要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径:
1.问题现状
2.怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)
In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ------------(说明A的现状).Second, ---------------(举例进一步说明现状) Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ---------------(解决方法一). For another -------------(解决方法二). Finally, --------------(解决方法三). Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解决方法). Consequently, Im confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------(带来的好处).
篇16:语文期末考试复习计划
全文共 472 字
+ 加入清单时间过得可真快,随着一页页日历翻了过去,这个学期又将结束。过几天又要迎接半年一度的期末考试了,看着书桌上那一册册杂乱的练习册和一张张散落的卷子,我不禁心烦意乱,不知所措。
1.扫清生字障碍。每一课由妈妈来听写并注音,尤其一定要分清前、后鼻音以及同音字、多音字和形近字。
2.朗读课文。读完课文后,总结文章的中心思想和段落大意。文中新词要牢记,优美段落必须背。
3.句子间的转换和病句的修改。陈述句变疑问句,“把”字句变“被”字句以及句子中各种修辞手法的应用,还有对各式各类病句的修改,我都要一一汇总。
4.加强阅读理解。课外阅读和课内阅读互相穿插,找出文中具有典型意义的段落,多读多想多做。
5.大量浏览各级各类满分作文和优秀作文。示范作文和发表作文,既能开阔我命题的思路,也能让我从中学习到描写事物或叙述事件的具体方法,总之,会使我受益匪浅的。
当然,这还少不了要做一些相关的语文综合复习试卷,并且汇总出难题以及易错题,逐一排查解决。ok,如果照着以上计划认真复习的话,我看我肯定会取得好成绩的。
篇17:网络综合-英文写作翻译英语作文
全文共 793 字
+ 加入清单It was sunny that day. Our parents were out, so there were only my brother and me at home. We were bored. So we decided to go boating. We played happily. But when we went to the middle of the river, the weather changed. It rained suddenly. We didn t bring umbrella and our boat was bamboo raft. As the rain was more and heavier, we were afraid to sink in the river. We tried our best to make our boat in shore. But our bamboo raft had more water on it. I was afraid to die. My brother was also very anxious. At that time, my mother came and she pulled us back to the ground. It was thrilling.
那是一个晴天。我们的父母都出去了,所以只有我和哥哥在家。我们很无聊。所以我们决定去划船。我们玩的很开心。但当我们走到河中央时,天气变了。突然下起雨来。我们没带伞,而且我们的船还竹排。由于雨越来越大,我们担心会沉到河里去。我们尽力使我们的船靠岸。但是竹筏上的水越来越多。我害怕死了。我哥哥也很着急。那时,我妈妈来了来了,她把我们拉回到地面。真的惊心动魄啊。
篇18:2024小升初英语作文写作技巧
全文共 925 字
+ 加入清单英语写作是一种创作性的学习过程。启动知识信息储存,构思立意,谋篇布局,遣词造句,对语言表达的正确性和准确性、思维的逻辑性和文章的条理性都比口语要求更高。通常英语写作有以下几个特点:紧扣教学大纲对考生书面表达的要求;以有指导的写作为主(guidedwriting),便于考生在短时间内构思成文;突出试题的交际性,考查考生在特定的情景中运用语言的能力;增强试题的实用性,所选话题贴近学生学习生活,为学生所熟悉;看图作文主要考查考生运用所学知识解决实际问题的能力。
一、给写作留有充分的时间
在小升初英语题中, “书面表达”往往是最后一项,有的学生把最后几分钟用在写作上,匆匆了事,这是很不明智的。学生用在写作上的时间应不少于10分钟,力争不丢分,少丢分。
二、认真审题,先打草稿
写之前一定要认真阅读写作要求,切忌见题就写。小升初英语作文主要有两种类型: “提示作文”和 “看图作文”。 “提示作文”一般已经给出要点,而 “看图作文”则需根据图画及提示在很短的时间内将要点列出。把要点列出后,在草稿纸上写提纲,打草稿,就可以看出大概有多少字。在正式往试卷上写之前,根据题目要求适当增减内容,保持卷面整洁。
三、写好简单句,慎用长句
考生要根据所列要点,运用相应的提示词及正确的动词形式在稿纸上写出简单句。考生应熟悉简单句的五种基本句型,尽量使用简单句。在简单句的基础上,根据各句之间的关系适当加上一些连词,使得整篇文章结构紧凑,行文流畅。套用句型,能显示考生的英语基础扎实,提高作文档次。慎用长句是因为其成分多,结构复杂,所以出错的机会也多。考生在没有十足的把握时最好少用或不用长句,以免给自己的作文带来不必要的损失。
四、熟悉各种时态,灵活运用
时态是学习英语语言的难点。考生务必系统地学习初中出现的各种时态,做到灵活运用。在同一篇作文当中,时态要保持一致。
五、切忌中式英语,避免生搬硬套
一些学生因缺乏写作技巧,往往在写英语作文时,根据中文意思堆积英文单词,编造出许多中式英语,结果错误百出,意思表达不清楚,直接影响考试成绩。
六、认真检查和修改,减少错误
做完写作题后要从头至尾读一遍,检查一下文章是否通顺,有无逻辑错误,标点符号、单词拼写和时态运用是否正确,避免笔误。
篇19:中考英语应用文作文模板
全文共 3798 字
+ 加入清单邀请信
Class 1,Grade 7
Beijing Sunshine Secondary School
Sunshine Town
Beijing
April 20
Dear__
We are happy to invite you to________________________________ We’ll hold___________from…to… (time). We will meet at________ _________(place) and have it at _________(place). We’ll do_______ (activities). We’d like everyone _____________(reminding).
Please complete the note on the next page to tell us if you can come. We hope you can come. We look forward to seeing you at out party. Yours faithfully ∕ sincerely,
(Signature) (打印)
Amy (手写)
Monitor of Class 1, Grade 7
注意:邀请信的关键是要体现出邀请的主旨,反映出邀请人的盛情,并明确表示活动的时间、地点及相应的安排。这些都是邀请信不可缺少的内容。
实用套语
1.Will you do us a favor of joining our party?您能光临我们的聚会吗?
2.May I take this opportunity to invite you to our university to give a lecture?我可以借此机会邀请您到我们大学给我们演讲吗?
3.If you have no other plans for Monday, May 15th, will you come to our party at my home?如果本周五,即五月15号,您没有其他安排的话,可以来我家参加我们的聚会吗?
4.Shall we have the pleasure to invite you to our party this weekend?我们可以荣幸地邀请您参加我们本周末的聚会吗?
经典用语
1. If you haven’t made any definite plan for the coming weekend, I’d love to invite you to come to our school and join us in the party.如果您本周末尚无安排,我想邀请您来参加我们的晚会。
2. If you haven’t promised to join your friends elsewhere, we shall be delighted to have you with us.如果您还没有答应别的朋友的邀请,我们将十分高兴地邀请您到我们这儿来。
3. With your presence on this occasion, we are sure to have a most delightful evening.您的到来一定会让我们的晚会增色不少。
4. All of us here are longing for the pleasure of seeing you.您这儿的所有朋友都在盼望着能见到您。
推荐信
Address of sender
Date
Name (Title)of receiver
Address of receiver
Dear _________(Greeting)
I’m writing to recommend sb. To become/be ______(Subject)
Para1: abilities
Para2: personalities
Para3: examples of details
Para4: Ending: We all think … should… Para1--- Para4: Message Yours sincerely,_____ (Closing)
(Signature) (打印)
(Signature of sender) ((手写)
Monitor of Class 1, Grade 7(Title of sender)
注意:
写推荐信的关键在于:
1. 在新的主体部分的首尾各用一句话明确表示写此信的目的,如:
篇首:I’d like to recommend sb. to be/do…
篇尾:We all think sb. should be…/should get the reward
2. 文中所写的这个人的性格特点与能力要与所推荐的任务或职位相关。
3. 在用事例说明这个人的某个优点时,事例要与该优点相吻合。
实用套语
1. I would like to recommend sb. to be /become….我愿意推荐某人成为/当/做….
2. It’s my pleasure to recommend sb. to be /become….我乐意推荐某人成为/当/做….
经典用语
1. I am writing to recommend Mary to become the new chairperson of the Students’ Union.我写此信的目的是推荐玛丽当学生会的主席。
2. May is a hard-working and helpful student.梅是个努力且乐于助人的学生。
3. I think John is good enough to be the chairperson. I hope you will agree.我认为约翰很适合主席这个职务。希望您能同意我的想法。
感谢信
Date of writing
Name(Title)of receiver
Dear______(Greeting)
I am writing the letter to say thank you for______(Subject)
Para1: reasons for writing the letter
Para2: examples or details
Para3: Ending: Thank you for… Para1--- Para3: Message
Yours sincerely,_____ (Closing)
(Signature) (打印)
(Signature of sender) (手写)
注意:
写感谢信应注意以下几点:
1. 在新的开头,第一节中明确表示感谢,即“开头言谢”;
2. 信的主体部分要写出感谢的原因。如果原因不止一个,要分段写。每段写一个主题句,表明一个原因,再辅以具体的事例进行说明,使感谢落到实处,不让人产生客套或做作的感觉;
3. 在信的结尾,还要把感谢的话再说一遍,并加上对对方的祝福。
实用套语
1. With many thanks to you for entertaining me so generously.非常感谢您如此慷慨大方的招待。
2. Indeed I do not know how to express my appreciation for your valuable services.对您优质的服务我无以言谢。
3. We express our sincere and hearty thanks for the favors you have done for us.衷心感谢您为我们所做的一切。
4. It will give me much pleasure to do whatever I can in return for your favor.若能对您的好意有所回报,我将不胜荣幸。
5. Please accept our warmest thanks for what you have done for us.您如此帮忙,请接受我们最热忱的谢意。
经典用语
1. Thank you from the bottom of my heart, for your letter and for your kindness to me during my long illness.衷心地感谢您在我漫长的卧床期间给我来信,给我关心。
2. I am grateful for your kind wishes for my success.感谢您对我成功的祝福。
3. Thank you very much for the letter of congratulation and the nice gift you sent to me.感谢您寄来的祝贺信及礼物。
4. I’d like to thank you for always being by my side on Thanksgiving Day. 值此感恩节来临之际,感谢您一直以来陪伴在我身边。
篇20:感谢英语考试的作文
全文共 2082 字
+ 加入清单不好意思,参加高考那年,我那孪生弟弟英语考得80分,我只得了9分,好在我俩总分相同。后来该科得分只按30%计入总成绩,我刚好上线被录取,他则以50分之差落选。我毕业分配到市报那年,他终于迎来英语考试100%计入总成绩而走进大学,他那物理连续三年考满分的同学,因英语成绩太差,在英语考分比重一路飚升的情况下,总分总是相差一两分而落选,后放弃高考搞发明,终成“开锁王”而进监狱。
闲言少叙,还是说感谢英语考试。我评高级职称那年,上级规定,不管你有无“强烈反响”的文章,著作是否等身,要想高级职称,一律先过外语关。这外语,在我们这些地方就是英语的代称。我一听这规定急得如热锅上的蚂蚁,立即采取行动,向上级上书万言,其核心内容是:我们这种报纸,来稿一律是中文,发稿无一用外语,交流从来都是汉话;由于语言环境差,先前英语学得较好的,现在都已忘到爪洼国去了,云云,并用美日等国未将外语与母语等同对待佐证。最后请求,鼓励有志于从事与外文工作有关的同志深钻细学,让多数对外语无兴趣的同志节约精力学好汉语,少在日常公文中出错别字、病句,只充分享受翻译成果即可。
上级答复:为与国际接轨,加强文化交流,即使从事古汉语研究,都要先过外语关。接到答复,我嘟噜了好久:交流?远远见过几批外国人,人家却都带有专职翻译;出国,多是不懂外语的领导,懂外语的知识分子,出国机会反而渺茫。
我将苦恼告诉负责报名的同志,他开导我,那考试不要紧,有复习资料,最后有复习范围,再后有模拟考试,如果你能将模拟试卷背得滚瓜烂熟,考试百分之百过关,即使没有60分,也要按一定比例定合格。意思就是说,你瞎蒙乱猜20分,也可能在比例之内呢。我说,连字母顺序都搞不清的我,要背试卷不是强人所难吗?你做好让我抄,都得一个字母一个字母地核对呢。正在冥思苦想之际,分配到中学教英语的弟弟对我说:“你将我的照片拿去,用你的名字报名即可。”我惊呀地问:“那行吗?”“怎么不行?不说你今后不用换照片,就是考试时要身份证,办证时要你的照片,都是‘事在人为’。这种事,我已经帮过几个人了。但话得说清楚,考试往返的车费,考试期间的食宿你得负责,代考之类的费用我就不收你的了。”
不好意思,我们报社,比我论文写得长的,著作出得厚的,获奖得得多的主任、总编们,还站在中级那边,伸长脖子向高级这边遥望呢。如果不是英语考试,凭“硬件”,就那两个指标,怎么也轮不上我呀。
由于本人成了“专家”,不但工资上升,名声也响亮了。担任中级职称评委,出席研讨会什么的,监考英语之类的活动,我都是以本市本行业“专家”的名义,紧跟领导姓名之后,我怎能不感谢英语考试!
好事还在后边。因合理班子结构,组织上将我调到职称办并戴上一顶官帽后,职称英语考试感受更是妙不可言。你想评职称吗?请先过英语关;你想过英语关吗?请先过我这关。如果你英语不过硬,想与他人合作,如果你不意思意思,我会严格审查,认真把关,即使合格了,我也设法迟迟不通知你,等到申报结束时再告知“你合格了”,让你忙得屁滚尿流也“等下一年再评”。至于申报材料的投递,合格证的领取,你都得看我的眼色行事。反之,我会为你出谋划策,牵线搭桥,不管是在关键环节换上“枪手”的照片,还是让“枪手”同进一间考场,以及如何用手机等高科技作弊,等等。趁此良机,我还开了一家书店,专卖与英语有关的东西,什么英语复习资料,英语高考兵法,什么英汉字典,英汉电子词典,等等,每天门庭若市。来者是谁?大中小学生以及幼儿之家长,当然,凡报考英语职称考试的,都踊跃购买我“推荐”的参考书,我知道后者转身就将新书拿去卖废纸了。你问我收入?哈哈……感谢英语考试。
最为美妙的感觉,是经常应邀去一些部门或学校指导,谈谈学习英语的体会,领完课时费然后进酒楼。一次我到母校演讲《如何学好英语》,我说:学习英语特别重要,英语成绩上不去你就甭想考大学;考上了也不过是一般本科或大专,重点大学不收英语不合格的考生;如果你要读研究生,更是不可不学;如果你要当英语老师,那是不能不学;如果你想当翻译家,那得深钻细学;如果你毕业之后从事与英语无关的工作,也得把精力浪费在这种事倍而达不到功半的学习上啊。另据内部最新消息,为以示公平,即日起,凡晋升领导,以及领导出国考察前,必须先过英语关……。许多事实已经证明,在世界汉语方兴未艾之际,作为联合国法定六种工作语言之一的汉语,在生她养她的地方,将沦为二等语言,甚至会退出世界语言行业。如何抓好英语学习呢?首先从娃娃抓起,幼儿园也要“只用英语教学”;其次抓大学生英语,《大学语文》随便学学不要紧,英语无论如何要过四级关;再次抓研究生,论文语句不通无所谓,英语一定要让小学生听起来流利。英国为什么强大?是因为人家3岁的小孩都会说英语啊,比我弟弟说得还标准!赶快行动起来吧,从24个字母认真学起。
演讲结束,校长笑着说:“你真幽默!”弟弟说:“哥啊,你的演讲把人家的大牙都笑掉了,我恨不得在地上找个洞钻进去。”
我数着课时费疑惑地问他们:“你们给我的课时费,是按副高还是按正高?”
[感谢英语考试的作文