应用文写作英语四级考试计划【精彩20篇】

Today is the beginning of the summer holiday,so Im very happy.And I also think of how spend the holiday.First,I have to do my homework.Then,I want to join the summer camp for visit Beijing city.I think it is a beautiful city.And next,I want to play basketball with my good friends every morning,because I cant play basketball well.Sure,

I also want to watch some movies,such as Harry Potter.I belive I can spend the holiday well!

随着社会的发展，人们在工作和生活中的交往越来越频繁，事情也越来越复杂，因此应用文的功能也就越来越多了。 所谓应用文是人们在生活、学习、工作中为处理实际事物而写作，有着实用性特点，并形成惯用格式的文章。

应用文是人类在长期的社会实践活动中形成的一种文体，是人们传递信息、处理事务、交流感情的工具，有的应用文还用来作为凭证和依据。

【结构】

1. 结构的含义

结构是指文章内部的组织和构造，是作者按照主题的需要，对材料所进行的有机组合和编排，又称谋篇布局。文章的结构具有两重含义：一是宏观结构，即文章的总体构思、大体框架;二是微观结构，即对文章的层次、段落、开头、结尾、过渡、照应和主次的具体设计。

作用：

①使文章言之有体。“体”指体裁。应用文在长期的写作实践过程中，大都形成了比较固定的结构形态，也叫程式。

②使文章言之有序。合理安排结构，就是根据一定的思路，将零散的材料组织起来，使之条理清楚，成为一个有机的整体。

③使文章言之成文。通过精心安排结构，可以增加文章的文采，从而增强其可读性。

2. 安排结构的原则

①要服从表现主题的需要。主题是作者的写作目的、意图的体现，结构必须服从主题的需要，为表现主题、突出主题服务。例如怎样安排开头与结尾、怎样划分层次与段落、怎样设置过渡与照应、怎样确定主次与详略等等，都要围绕主题进行。这样，才能使文章组成一个严谨周密、内容形式统一的有机整体。

②要正确反映客观事物的发展规律和内在联系。应用文是对现实生活、客观事物的反映，客观事物总有一个发生、发展、结局的过程，作者对它的认识也遵循一定的规律。这种规律性，也就表现为文章结构的基本形式。

③要适应不同文体的要求。文体不同，结构的样式和要求也会不同。应用文不同于文学作品，不同类型的应用文体结构方式也存在着区别。

3. 结构的要求

①严谨自然。指文章结构精当严密，顺理成章。要求作者思路清晰，思维严密，以主旨贯穿全文始终，不枝不蔓。层次段落的划分要恰当，组织严密，联系紧凑，脉络畅通，行止自如。过渡和照应要自然，不能刻意的雕凿，更不能牵强拼凑。

②完整匀称。指文章各部分要配置齐全，比例协调，详略得当，完整合理，重点突出，符合格式要求。如文章一般都有开头、主体和结尾三部分，三部分比例要协调，主体要内容充实，不能虎头蛇尾或尾大不掉;对并列内容的处理，要注意处理好详写和略写的关系，以保证结构的完整和匀称，使之浑然一体。

③清晰醒目。大多数应用文不要求行文曲折波澜，而要求纲举目张、清晰醒目，以便读者把握要领或贯彻执行，所以常采用加小标题、写段首撮要、条目式等形式。这在一些法规性文体中最为明显。

4. 结构的内容

①层次与段落。层次是文章中作者表达主题的阶段和次序，是文章内容展开的次序。层次体现了事物发展的阶段，是问题的各个侧面和作者思维的过程，又称为“意义段”、“逻辑段”、“章”、“节”等。段落，又称“自然段”，是组成文章、表达思想最基本、相对独立的最小单位。段落的形式是层次的再分割，是文章意思的间歇或转换，以换行为为标志。两者有明显的区别，层次侧重于内容的划分，段落侧重于文字形式的表现。有时一个段落恰好是一个层次，有时几个段落表现一个层次或一个段落内有几个层次。安排层次有两种模式：

(1)纵式，即思路纵向展开的结构方式。具体有两种类型：时间顺序式和逻辑顺序式。前者是按照事物的生产流程、事情或事件的发展过程或时间的先后顺序安排层次。需要注意的是，采用这种结构方式，不能事无巨细地记流水账，要抓住事物发展的关键环节。逻辑顺序关系是按照事理内在的逻辑顺序安排层次。这种逻辑关系表现为：现象——本质，原因——结果，宏观——微观，个别—一般等。按照这样的关系先后为序、环环相扣、层层递进地安排结构，就是逻辑顺序。

(2)横式，即思维横向发展的结构方式。表现在形式上，它是把整体划分为若干相对的层次，各层次之间互不交织、平等并列，从不同方面和角度共同揭示了事物的整体面貌和主旨，或按照空间方位的变换，或按照材料的不同性质和类型，或按照问题的不同侧面等。这种结构形式，在应用写作中运用很广泛，述职报告、调查报告、总结等均可采用。

②过渡与照应。过渡是指层次与段落之间的衔接与转换，在文章中起着承上启下、穿针引线的作用。照应是指文章内容的前后呼应和关照，可以使文章结构周密严谨，浑然一体，还能使某些关键内容得到强调，突出主题。

一般情况下，当内容由总到分或由分到总时、意思转换时以及表达方式变化时，需要安排过渡。过渡的形式有段落、句子或词语。如上下文空隙大，转折也很大，常用过渡段连结。上下文空隙小，多用提示性的句子，如公文中，常有“特此如下通告”、“现将有关事项告知如下”、“为此，特制定本条例”等作过渡。在意思转折不大的情况下，多用关联词，如“因为”、“所以”、“但是”等作为过渡词。

在应用文中，常用的照应方法有：

(1)首尾照应，即在文章的结尾处，把开头交待的事或提出的问题再次提起，有的进一步加以概括、归纳、补充，如论文、总结、调查报告等。

(2)文题照应，即指在行文中时时照应标题，对主题加以强调、提示。如大多数公文标题中都包含着“事由”，文章内容自然要与标题相照应。

(3)文中照应，即文章自身前后内容间的照应，如某些细节和问题在行文中不断被提起，这样能强化印象，更好地实现作者的表达意图。

③开头与结尾。开头是全篇文章的第一步，可以起到统领全篇，展开全文的作用。结尾是全文的收束和结局，能帮助读者加深认识，把握全篇，达到预期的写作目的。

常见的开头方式有：

(1)目的式。就是将写作的目的和意义直接说明。一些公文常用这种方式，常用介词“为”、“为了”领起。

(2)根据式。就是开头阐明撰文的根据，或引据政策法令和规定指示，或引述全文，或引据事实和道理，常用“根据”、“按照”、“遵照”等领起下文。

(3)原因式。就是以交待行文的缘由作为开头，常用“由于”、“因”、“鉴于”等引出原因或简述某种情况作为原因，再引出写作目的。

(4)概述式。就是在开头部分对文章内容的背景、基本情况、主要内容加以概述。采用这一方式，能起到提纲挈领的作用。

(5)结论式。就是将结论、结果先作交待，再由果溯因。

(6)提问式。就是开篇提出问题，然后引起下文，常见于调查报告的写作。

(7)引述式。常用于有具体规定格式的文体中，如“合同”，或引述下级来文、上级指示精神，或有关政策法规，以此作为撰文的依据。如批复、函等常用这种方式。

常见的结尾方式有：

(1)自然收尾式。就是在主体部分写完之后，事尽言止，自然收结。

(2)总结归纳式。指在主体写完后，对全文的主旨进行简要的概括，总结全文。

(3)强调说明式。是在应用文的结尾处，对全文的主旨意义、重要性进行强调，以引起读者的注意。

(4)希望号召式。就是在结尾部分提出希望，发出号召，展望未来，以鼓舞斗志。

(5)专门结尾用语式。就是在结尾处，采用特定的用语结束全文。

【语言】

1. 准确

准确，就是要正确地、恰当无误地表达出所要表达的内容，用词用语含义清楚，概念恰当明确，不产生歧义，不引起误会，无溢美之词，无隐恶之嫌。

要做到语言准确，必须要把握词语的分寸感和合适度。特别是要区分同义词、近义词在适用范围、词义轻重、搭配功能、语体雅俗、词性差别等方面的细微差别。

要做到语言准确，还要注意语意鲜明，不能模棱两可，含糊其辞，以免产生歧义，延误工作。如“大致尚可”、“有关部门”、“条件许可时”、“事出有因，查无实据”等表达含糊的词应谨慎使用。

2. 简明

简明，指文字的简洁、明白，用较少的文字清楚表达较多、较丰富的内容，要“有话则长，无话则短”。要做到简明，首先要精简文意，压缩篇幅，突出主干，把无关或关系不大的内容删去。其次要反复锤炼，提高概括能力，杜绝堆砌修饰语，适当使用缩略语，如“五讲四美”等。第三，要推敲词语，锤炼句子，一句话就能说明白的决不用两句话，一个词能概括清楚的决不用两个词。恰当地运用成语、文言词语等，也有助于语言的简明。第四，要注意用词通俗，不用生僻晦涩的字句。应该指出的是，“简”要得当，不能苟简，要以不妨碍内容的表达为前提，绝不能为简而生造词语、乱缩略、滥用文言，不能让人不明白或产生歧义，引起误解。

3. 平实

应用文是为解决实际问题而写的，它的语言重在实用。一个字、一句话，往往至关重要。为了便于读者理解，应用文语言应力求平实。行文时多用平直的叙述，恰当的议论，简洁明了的说明。比如公文，它具有行政约束力和法定的权威性，因此，用语必须朴素、切实，不能浮华失实，不能乱用形容词或俚俗口语。

应用文写作要求用语平实，但平实不等于平淡。我国历史上保留下来的许多文章既是应用文，同时又是文学佳作。

4. 得体

应用文实用性强，讲究得体，一方面要适合特定的文体。按文体要求遣词造句，保持该文体的语言特色。如公文宜庄重，调查报告须平实，学术论文应严谨，社交文书需较浓的感情色彩，广告就常用模糊的语言，使用说明书则需具体实在，商业交际文书要委婉，合同书则要精确等。另一方面要考虑作者自己的身份，阅读的对象，约稿的单位，行文的目的，甚至与客观环境的和谐一致，恰如其分。比如需要登报或张贴的，语言要通俗易懂，需要宣读或广播的，语言应简明流畅、便于朗读;书信的写作，要根据远近亲疏、尊卑长幼的关系使用相应的语言;公文的写作要根据不同文种和行文关系而使用相应的语言，否则就不得体。总而言之，作者应有针对性地运用得体的语言取得最佳的表达效果。

【种类】

应用文的种类繁多，可以从不同的角度划分成不同的类别。

一、按其处理事情的性质划分

可以分为公务类应用文和私务类应用文。

公务类应用文是指为处理国家和集体的事务而写作和使用的应用文，即通常所说的公文。

私务类应用文是指为处理个人的事务而写作和使用的应用文，即通常所说的个人日常应用文书。

二、按表达方式划分

有记叙文、说明文、议论文。

记叙文是以记叙为主要表达方式的应用文;说明文是以说明为主要表达方式的应用文;议论文是以议论为主要表达方式的应用文。

三、按使用领域划分

(一)行政类应用文?行政类应用文包括国家行政机关公文和日常行政公文。

1.国家行政机关公文

国家行政机关公文是指国务院办公厅印发的《国家行政机关公文处理办法》中所规定的命令(令)、决定、公告、通告、通知、通报、议案、报告、请示、批复、意见、函、会议纪要十三类十三种公文。国家机关公文是国家机关、社会团体或企事业单位处理事务的文件，主要用来传达和贯彻党和国家的政策法令，指导工作，提出要求，答复问题，通报情况，交流经验，传递信息。公文制作比较严格，具有一定的法律效力，在写作和使用时，要根据国家最新的行政机关公文处理办法，区分每类公文文种的行文要求和使用范围，确定适用的文种形式，确保其使用效率。

2.日常行政机关公文

日常行政机关公文是指上述国家法定的行政机关公文以外的一些事务文件。是指简报、计划、总结、调查报告、规章制度，介绍信、证明信等用来处理单位内部日常事务，与具体部门进行工作联系的应用文。它们的行文格式不像公文那样严格，制作也比较自由。日常事务公文不具有法定的权威，一般不单独行文，如有必要，需另行备文，按法定公文处理，否则只作为参考材料。有些日常事务公文还可在报刊上发表。

(二)专业工作应用文

专业工作应用文是指在一定专业机关或专门的业务活动领域内，因特殊需要而专门形成和使用的应用文。由于分工不同，社会各行各业经管的事务有很大的差异。这样，在长期的工作实践中便逐渐形成了一些与其专业相适应的应用文，称为专业工作应用文。专业应用文除了要遵守应用文的一般规则外，还有很强的专业特点，外行人是不能写好的，如财经部门常用的预决算报告、审计报告、市场调查报告、市场预测报告、项目可行性研究报告、外贸函电、经济合同等;司法部门常用的起诉书、判决书、证词、辩护词、立案报告、破案报告;文教部门常用的教学计划、教学大纲、教案、教学管理条例;医务工作常用的病历、处方、护理日志、诊断证明书、死亡报告;外事工作常用的照会、声明、国书、意向书、备忘录、国际公约、联合公报等等。

在各类应用文中，专业工作应用文涉及的面最广，发展最快。随着社会经济的发展和科学技术的进步，社会分工会越来越细，为适应工作需要随事立体的应用写作新形式，也将会不断增多。

(三)日常生活应用文

日常生活应用文主要指个人用来处理日常生活事务和礼仪的应用文，如书信、电报、启事、请柬、讣告、日记、读书笔记。日常生活应用文与个人的日常生活、人际交往活动关系密切，使用范围很广。日常生活应用文虽然也有一定的格式，但不十分严格，写作较灵活自由。

以上只是从大的方面来划分。如果进一步，还可根据行文方向、内容性质或其他管理文件的标准来划分。

【表达方式】

1. 叙述

叙述，指的是把人物的活动、经历和事件发展变化过程交代出来一种表达方式。在应用文写作中是最基本、最常用的表达方式。

应用文写作中叙述的人称，有第一人称(“我”、“我们”)和第三人称(“他”、“他们”)。使用第一人称“我”、“我们”系指作者本人，或作者所代表的群体、单位，如书信、请示、报告、总结等文体的写作，多用第一人称。有时，为简要起见，常使用无主句。有的应用文体，如新闻报道、简介、调查报告、会议纪要，为表明作者立场客观、公正，传播的信息真实、可信，常采用第三人称写作。

应用文中的叙述方式有顺叙、倒叙、插叙、分叙等。应用文中记叙事件的发展过程，介绍单位的基本情况，一般都是按顺叙，即时间先后为序来叙述。其原因在于，应用文重在实用，不求委婉、曲折，故多采用直接的笔法叙事、说理。倒叙、插叙、分叙等用得较少，只在通讯、消息、调查报告的写作中才用得上。

应用文中的叙述要力求真实、准确，不带主观感情色彩;线索清晰，表述完整;以概述为主，尽可能用概括的语言说出其前因后果、来龙去脉，使读者了解其梗概。

2. 说明

说明，就是用简明扼要的文字对事物、事理及人物进行解说的表达方式。目的是使读者对事物的形态、构造、成因、性质、种类、功能，对事理的概念、特点、来源、演变、关系等有一个鲜明的了解和认识。

说明在应用文中使用广泛，如解说词、广告词、说明书、简介等文体，主要是用说明的方法来写的。其他文体如经济文书、科技文书、诉讼文书、行政公文等，也常常借助说明的方法解释事理，剖析事理。

说明的方法多种多样，在使用过程中应注意：定义说明要求“被定义者”和“定义者”外延相等，用语简明准确，具有科学性，不能用否定形式，避免“同义反复”;解释说明要求抓住要领，言简意明;分类说明注意根据写作意图选择恰当的分类角度，再次分类只能依据一个标准，各类的总和要等于被分类的事物;比较说明运用时要求用来作比的事物与被比物要相似，有明确的相比点，尽量用人们熟悉的事物作比;举例说明要求事例典型能给人以深刻的印象，举例应扼要，只需概述介绍，不必具体铺叙;引用说明要求引文要有针对性，要贴切，所引资料要认真核实，使之准确可靠;比喻说明应力求准确贴切;数字说明要求数字准确无误，每个数据都要有来源;图表说明要求选择图表要有代表性和针对性，表格的设计要合理，使人一目了然。

3. 议论

议论，即议事论理，是运用事实材料和理论材料进行逻辑推理阐明观点的一种表达方式。它主要特点是证明性，即通过摆事实、讲道理，或证明自己观点的正确，或驳斥对方观点的错误。

在应用文写作中，议论经常使用。调查报告、总结、通报等文体，经常在叙述事实、说明情况的基础上，表明对人物、事件、问题的评价。指示、决议、会议纪要等公文，也常用议论来阐明党和国家的方针、政策，让下级机关和群众理解和执行。

应用文写作中的议论，与一般议论文中的议论有明显的区别。一般议论文中，议论是最主要的表现方法，贯穿全文始终，论点、论据、论证三要素齐备。而在应用文写作中，最主要的表达方式是叙述和说明，议论居于从属的地位，一般只是在叙述、说明的基础上进行。另外，应用文的议论，一般也不需要作长篇大论，不需作复杂的多层次的逻辑推理，也不一定具备论点、论据、论证这样一个完整的议论过程，而只是在需要分析论证的地方，采取夹叙夹议的方法，或采取三言两语的方式，点到即止，不作深入论证。

运用议论要注意，一要庄重，对任何事物的评价要实事求是，以理示人，以理服人。二要明快，要直截了当的阐明观点，不拐弯抹角，不回避矛盾。

[雅思写作]雅思考试作文抢分秘笈

作文中常用句套：

下文中出现的 A,B, “...”(某事物), "sb"( somebody),

要在写作中要根据上下文进行适当替换.

开头：

When it comes to ..., some think ...

There is a public debate today that ...

A is a commen way of ..., but is it a wise one?

Recentaly the problem has been brought into focus.

提出观点：

Now there is a growing awareness that...

It is time we explore the truth of ...

Nowhere in history has the issue been more visible.

进一步提出观点：

... but that is only part of the history.

Another equally important aspect is ...

A is but one of the many effects. Another is ...

Besides, other reasons are...

提出假想例子的方式：

Suppose that...

Just imagine what would be like if...

It is reasonable to expect...

It is not surprising that...

举普通例子：

For example(instance),...

... such as A,B,C and so on (so forth)

A good case in point is...

A particular example for this is...

引用：

One of the greatest early writers said ...

"Knowledge is power", such is the remard of ...

"......". That is how sb comment ( criticize/ praise...).

"......". How often we hear such words like there.

讲故事

（先说故事主体），this story is not rare.

..., such delimma we often meet in daily life.

..., the story still has a realistic significance.

提出原因：

There are many reasons for ...

Why .... , for one thing,...

The answer to this problem involves many factors.

Any discussion about this problem would inevitably involves ...

The first reason can be obiviously seen.

Most people would agree that...

Some people may neglect that in fact ...

Others suggest that...

Part of the explanation is ...

进行对比：

The advantages for A for outweigh the disadvantages of...

Although A enjoys a distinct advantage ...

Indeed , A carries much weight than B when sth is concerned.

A maybe ... , but it suffers from the disadvantage that...

承上启下：

To understand the truth of ..., it is also important to see...

A study of ... will make this point clear

让步：

Certainly, B has its own advantages, such as...

I do not deny that A has its own merits.

结尾：

>From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw

the conclusion that ...

In summary, it is wiser ...

In short...

在作文中引用合适的名言警句，会给你的文章增色许多。这里收集了我本人喜爱的一些名言，可能会对你有用。我们使用引用的位置可以在开头结尾或正文段落中，

常见的使用形式如下：

One of the greatest early writers said ...

"Knowledge is power", such is the remard of ...

"......". That is how sb comment ( criticize/ praise...).

"......". How often we hear such words like there.

Useful quotations

逆境

by Robert Collier

In every adversity there lies the seed of an equivalent advantage. In every defeat there is a lesson showing you how to win the victory next time.

努力与成功

by Ann Landers

Opportunities are usually disguised as hard work, so most people dont recognize them.

坚持

by Ralph Waldo Emerson

No one can cheat you out of ultimate success but yourselves.

Confucius 孔子

Our greatest glory is not in never falling...

but in rising every time we fall.

坚持

Mother Teresa

To keep a lamp burning we have to keep putting oil in it.

Henry Ford

Nothing is particularly hard if you divide it inuo small jobs.

Winston Churchill

Never, never, never, never give up.

Albert Einstein

In uhe middle of difficulty lies opportunity.

努力与成功

by Crassus

Those who aim at great deeds must suffer greatly.

Thomas Edison

There is no substitute for hard work.

Leo Tolstoi

The strongest of all warriors are these two- Time and Patience.

Thomas Jefferson

Im a great believer in luck,

and I find the harder I work...

the more I have of it.

Robert Collier

Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.

Ray A. Croc

Luck is a dividend of sweat. The more you sweat, the luckier you get.

实际经验与间接经验

Youll learn more about a road by traveling it...

than by consulting all the maps in the world.

动机与结果

Vince Lombardi

Winning isnt everything...

but wanting to win is.

John F. Kennedy

We choose to go!to the moon and other things , oot because they are easy, but because they are hard.

Thucydides

The strong do what they will.

The weak do what they must.

为人态度：

John Wooden

Talent is God given--Be Humble.

Fame is man given-- Be Thankful.

Conceit is self given --Be Careful.

行动：

Theodore Roosevelt

Do what you can , with what you have , with where you are.

Publilius Syrus Maxim

No one knows what he can do till he tries.

Terence

There is nothing so easy but that i

[1][2]下一页

[1][2]下一页

[雅思写作]雅思考试作文抢分秘笈

t becomes difficult when you do it reluctantly.

Thomas Fuller

A wise man turns chance into good fortune.

William Hazlitt

Prosperity is a great teacher;

adversity is a greater.

William Penn

No pains, no palm;

no thorns, no throne;

no gall , no glory;

no cross, no crown.

Will Rogers

Even if youre on the right track, youll get run over... if you just sit there.

Opportunity rarely knocks on your door.

Knock rather on opportunitys door if you ardently wish to enter.

成功与失败

Vince Lombardi

Its not whether you get knocked down.

...Its whether you get up again.

Winston Churchill

An optimist sees an opportunity in every calamity;

a pessimist sees a calamity in every opportunity.

热情（年轻/年老）

Ralph Waldo Emerson

Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm.

信心

James Allen

The will to do springs from the knowledge that we can do.

Samuel Johnson

Few things are impossible to diligence and skill.

Aughey

Lost time is never found again.

Voltaire

No problem can stand the assault of sustained thinking.

Napoleon

Victory belongs to the most persevering.

细心

Euipides

Leave no stone unturned.

计划与工作

Norman Vincent Peale

Plan your work for today and every day;

then work your plan.

Henry Ford

Failure is only the opportunity to more intelligently begin again.

Thomas Edison

I start where the last man left off.

理想与现实

What the mind of man can conceive and believe,

the mind of a man can achieve.

勤奋

Benjamin Franklin

Plough deep while sluggards sleep.

目标

Henry David Thoreau

In the lone run men hit only what they aim at.

幸运

Emily Dickinson

Luck is not chance...

Its toil...

Fortunes expensive smile is earned.

勤奋

Thomas Edison

Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.

Useful Quotations

想象力

Albert Einstein

Imagination is more important than knowledge.

挑战：

Walter Begehot

The great pleasure in life is doing what people say you cannot do.

机会与准备

Abraham Lincoln

I will prepare and some day my chance will come.

信心与事实

Henry Ford

Whether you think you can or think you cant -- you are right.

English Proverb

Where theres a will theres a way.

There is no failure excepting no longer trying.

Luck is what happens when preparation meets opportunity.

上一页[1][2]

上一页[1][2]

In this section, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay commenting on the saying “Never go out there to see what happens, go out there to make things happen.” You can cite examples to ilustrate the importance of being participants rather than mere onlookers in life. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

在多年的雅思教学中，我发现学生在实际考试中面临着不同的写作障碍，影响了考试成绩。归纳起来大致有以下几个方面:

一、真情流露，无从下笔；

有的考生在考试时见到作文题，顿感思路塞车，好像有许多话要说，但又不知究竟应从那里写起。明智的做法是“投其所好、尽情发挥。”考生不妨把作文的要求量化到每一个段落，一篇250词左右的作文一般不会超过15句话，把这15句话根据题目要求分配到各段中去，每一段大概只说那么几句话，事实上往往是说得越多错误越多。因此，每句话紧扣提纲，见好就收,这才是最稳妥的对策。

二、心里明白，难以表达；

在考场上有的考生题目看得懂，提纲也明白，就是不知道该说什么，头脑里一片空白。这是在雅思写作考试中的一种常见的现象，针对这一现象，最有效的办法就是要善于联想到一些具体的事实，具体的例证和具体的现象。事实上，雅思的作文题目一定是一个具有社会普遍型话题，其目的是让不同教育背景的考生都有话可说。因此，考生一定能就题目联想起具体细小的事情再形成观点。把看得见摸得着的事物带来的思考变成作文里的实质内容，这不失为一种很好的策略。

因此，当头脑出现空白时，应该由具体细小的、琐碎的、微不足道的事物所引发的思考形成观点，再进行论述。这种定式思维的形成需要多下功夫多练习。

三、一味追求标新立异，导致无从下笔；

考试时通常发现有的考生聚精会神的坐在那里冥思苦想，非要想出一个与众不同的观点。陷入这种境地的考生，显然犯了一个根本性的错误，参考时间为40分钟的作文，一般应在35分钟之内完成,再用几分钟的时间检查语言错误。可有的考生十几分钟一句话都写不了，就是因为他太进入角色了，这是考试中一个很大的误区。

考作文的目的纯粹是通过这一命题形式，考查考生的英语水平如何。命题人关注的是书面表达能力，而不是看一个人有没有内容，思想有没有深度，所以“一味追求标新立异”是没有必要的。

四、构思、写作不统一，落实有困难；

实事求是的讲，要求考生完全运用英语思维来写作文是不现实的。很多考生在实际写作过程中，脑子里想的是中文句子，然后再把中文句子译成英文。因此采用“得其意，忘其形”的方法，忘掉中文的语法结构，句法形式则可能要整个地打乱.，“钻进去，跳出来”。所谓“钻进去”就是要看意思是否到位了，“跳出来”就是要忘记中文的语言形式。实际上把英文译成中文，关键是要在转换中把意思表达出来。

针对构思、写作不统一，落实有困难情况。必须摒弃翻译中追求一一对应的关系，并机械地把中文译成英文的方法，应该把中文句子结构彻底地忘记，然后用比较简单的“万能”英语表达。平时不妨做一做这样的练习，通过阅读不认识词条的英文注解，然后试着把单词译成中文词，再去对照英汉词典的汉语释义，慢慢地就会开始领会用英语表达的门道了。

五、被动心态压抑新构思。

尽管雅思考试作文为规定式命题，但考生仍可积极主动地发挥。其主动性在于采取回避的策略，表达上采取迂回的方式，即运用不很复杂的语言。内容的取舍上避重就轻地写比较易于表达的内容。很多人在写作过程中从头至尾都处于被动状态，当有内容想要表达清楚的时候，却又发现种种途径都不可能表达好，只好硬着头皮把自己意识到没把握的东西勉强写上去。连自己都意识到可能是错误的东西，只会产生于己不利的负面影响。所以，当有的内容感觉一点找不着，英语实在表达不清楚的时候，就应该彻底地放弃。单词拼写错误也是雅思考试作文写作的一大问题。常用单词是不能拼错的，有的单词平时会拼写，考试时突然没把握了，不妨换一下或许还能想起另外一个难度大一点、拼写有把握的来代替。应该回避明确知道自己不会拼写的词。如果没法换一个词，将句子改换一种说法亦未尝不可。有的考生在考卷上没把握的地方标上问号，或者把两种可能都写上，让判卷老师选择，这个方法是不可取的。

总之，不能让自己陷人被动，想说什么，用什么方式说。说多少，说到什么程度。一切都应由考生主动把握，这样才会减少心理上的压力，更好地发挥出自己应有的写作水平。

短短三天的期中考试结束了，随之而来的令人期盼的成绩也揭晓了，我很幸运地夺得了全班英语并列第一名。英语取得了高分，固然可喜，我应该以此为动力，一路向前，铸就更大的成功。

然而，这次的语文成绩却让我不太满意，那试卷上鲜红的85分引人瞩目。我分析试卷上的错误点，分析自己的薄弱点。总结下来，我觉得自己太马虎大意了，因此，制定一个合理的，严格要求自己的学习计划是很关键的，以下就是我要求自己必须做到的三点：

1.学习任何知识，必须注重基本训练，要一步一个脚印，由易到难，扎扎实实地练好基本功，不要前面的内容没有学懂，就急着去学习后面的知识。这样在打好基础的情况下，我相信我的语文一定能尽快地赶上英语做得更好，更棒!

2.学习必须勤于思考，开动脑筋。中学是一个重要的学习阶段，在学习中要多问几个为什么。我觉得只有凭借勤奋学习这种学习态度，才能真正地掌握知识，丰富自己，提高自己的语文成绩，才能骄傲而又自信的面对任何挑战。

3.业余时间多读几本好书，充实自己的写作能力。前苏联作家高尔基曾经说过，“书是人类进步的阶梯”。的确，读书带给我们的益处很多，它可以提高我们的阅读能力和写作水平，它可以使我们增长见识，使我们变得有修养。只要多阅读课外书籍， 对我的写作一定有很大的帮助。

俗话说 “只要功夫深，铁棒磨成绣花针”; “书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦做舟。”良好的开端预示着成功，在以后的学习生涯中，我应该更加努力学习，端正学习态度，明确学习目标。相信有了这样的打算和计划，我一定能达到成功的彼岸，成为学习上的“强者”。加油，我相信自己一定是最棒的!

光影似箭，岁月如梭。期末考试离我们越来越近了。想从期末考试中获得鲜花和掌声吗？想，那么，就请把握现在，决战期末。

“十年砺剑百日策马闯雄关，一朝试锋六月扬眉传佳音”，我坚信即使前方道路充满阴霾和坎坷，我们都必须勇敢面对！拿出破釜沉舟的勇气，坚持下去，成功必将属于我们自己！让我们肯定自己，超越自己，创造自己，让我们心中伴着信念，矢志不渝，带着希望而迈向辉煌！

下面我就在未来半个月中，我们应该怎样调整好自己状态提以下几点建议：

第一，争分夺秒，提高效率。期末考试是对一学期来所学内容的全面考查，它所复盖的知识点多，能力要求也更高更全。这就需要我们花更多的时间来复习和记忆，我希望我们学生要珍惜这半个月的时间，坚持不懈。一方面要保质保量完成老师布置的复习题；另一方面还可以根据自己的情况作出合理安排。我们可以把所有的作业和测试卷拿出来整理，找出原来的错误，并分析错误的原因，再做一些同类的题目进行巩固。成绩优异的同学可以归纳方法，一题多解。学有困难的学生多注重基础知识，可以完成书本的练习题，举一反三。还要多向家长和老师寻求帮助，只有这样复习的效率就提高了。

第二，面对困难、不要泄气。在学习的过程中，难免会碰到一些难以解决的困难，但有时只要你换个角度去思考问题，也许就会豁然开朗。问题也将迎刃而解。

第三，平和心态，决胜千里外。同学们，临近考试，请你放下背上的包袱，用平和积极的心态，坦然的迎接考试，迎接梦想的飞翔。你可以思慕古人那种“不以物喜，不以己悲”的旷达胸襟，向往诗圣李白恃才傲物的豪迈情怀，艳羡毛泽东的“问苍茫大地，谁主沉浮”的高瞻远瞩。运筹帷幄，决胜千里之外；啸傲考场，人生处处精彩。

同学扪，考试的号角已经吹响，胜利的旋律在寰宇回荡，长风破浪正此时，直挂云帆济沧海，行动起来吧，我们一定会谱写自己的辉煌。相信自己吧，人间自有公道，付出就有回报，我们的成绩一定会步步高。

当别人在一边天方夜谭时，有一个人不知不觉地走过去仔细聆听；当别人在夸夸其谈时，有一个人慢步轻声过去，跟他唱反调。走进教室里，你会看到一个思维活跃的人；走到操场上，你会发现一个引人注目的身影……这个人就是我，一块发光的石头！

我爱谈诗论经，却不爱“为赋新词强说愁”，我爱活蹦乱跳，却不爱调皮捣蛋。在同学眼中，我有很多角色：“开心果”、“多变猫”、“假小子”。这里的每一个“艺名”都是对我的褒扬。

“开心果”！因为我总爱搞笑，说话谈趣风声，即使再怎么压抑、苦闷的人，我一说话，她便笑逐颜开。课间几分钟，我会和同学们说说笑笑。因为有我。我们班的气氛才更加活跃！

“多变猫”！提起这个“艺名”，我自己都不好意思说。因为上语文课时，我总是默默无闻，手像千斤巨石。作文吧作文吧老师很无奈，多次教育我，但我从来没有按老师说的做。偶尔一次发言，还是被老师叫起。每次我的发言都是精彩绝伦，所谓“不鸣则已，一鸣惊人”。但是到了体育课上，就大变了。一会儿跑去踢球，一会儿又去打排球。根本不像课堂上那个“温顺猫”。于是，我便被称为“多变猫”。

“假小子”！我想你们也猜到了吧！这个名字，也源于体育课上的疯狂。同学们都认可我为“假小子”，这也让我哭笑不得。

虽然我爱玩，但成绩优异。我爱搬文弄墨，也爱谈吐不凡。我的文章内充满我的气宇轩昂，充满我的脱俗不凡。我不在乎外表的惊艳华贵，我坚信，即使再简单的装束也会使你与众不同，就像石头有了思想也会发光！于是我送自己一个艺名：“发光的石头”！

[小学生毕业考试作文写作

【导语】英语写作是中考中检测学生语言应用能力的最重要部分。提高中考写作水平，需要有效的训练。下面关于英语作文的写作方法，一起来阅读下文吧!

学生写作时，如果语句平平，只选用一些普通的、直截了当的词，那么，这样写出来的文章根本没有可阅读行，就像是一碗没有油盐酱醋面条一样，让人提不起一点精神和看下去的欲望，呆板、单调，没有可读性。如果一篇文章要让读者有可读性、有深度，同学们更应该掌握一些高级点词和语句来装饰你的文章，突出这篇文章的彩头，使文章增添文采，给读者以不一样的感受。具体方法可以参照下面的语句：

1. 画龙点睛，一篇文章的开头很重要。

在通常情况下，英语句子的排列方式为“主语+谓语+宾语”，即主语一般都会在谓语前面。但若根据情况适当改变句子的开头方式，比如在文章的开始的时候写一些倒状语句或以状语为起始语句的开头，这样子的文章更具表现力和感染力。如：

(1) There stands an old temple at the top of the hill.

→ At the top of the hill there stands an old temple.

在小山顶上有一座古庙。

(2) You can do it well only in this way.

→ Only in this way can you do it well.

只有这样你才能把它做好。

(3) A young woman sat by the window.

→ By the window sat a young woman.

窗户边坐着一个年轻妇女。

2. 避免重复使用同一词语

为了使表达更生动，更富表现力，同学们在写作时应尽量避免重复使用同一词语来表示同一意思，尤其是一些老生常谈的词语。如有的同学一看到“喜欢”二字，就会立刻想起like，事实上，英语中表示类似意思的词和短语很多，如 love, enjoy, prefer, appreciate, be fond of, care for等。如：

I like reading while my brother likes watching television.

→ I like reading while my brother enjoys watching television.

我喜欢看书，而我的兄弟却喜欢看电视。

3. 合理使用省略句

合理恰当地使用省略句，不仅可以使文章精练、简洁，而且会使文章更具文采和可读性。如：

(1) He may be busy. If he’s busy, I’ll call later. If he is not busy, can I see him now?

→ He may be busy. If so, I’ll call later. If not, can I see him now?

他可能很忙，要是这样，我以后再来拜访。要是不忙，我现在可以见他吗?

(2) If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If it is not fine, we’ll not go.

→ If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If not, not.

如果天气好，我们就去；如果天气不好，我们就不去了。

(3) She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t do so.

→ She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t.

她本可申请这份工作的，但她没有。

4. 适当运用非谓语结构

非谓语结构通常被认为是一种高级结构，适当运用非谓语结构，会给人一种熟练驾驭语言的印象。如：

(1) When he heard the news, they all jumped for joy.

→ Hearing the news, they all jumped for joy.

听了这消息他们都高兴得跳了起来。

(2) As I didn’t know her address, I wasn’t able to get in touch with her.

→ Not knowing her address, I wasn’t able to get in touch with her.

由于不知道她的地址，我没法和她联系。

(3) As he was born into a peasant family, he had only two years of schooling.

→ Born into a peasant family, he had only two years of schooling.

他出生农民家庭，只上过两年学。

5. 结合使用长句与短句

在英语写作中，过多地使用长句或过多地使用短句都不好。正确的做法是，根据实际情况在文章中交替使用长句与短语，使文章显得错落有致，这样不仅使文章在形式上增加美感，而且使文章读起来铿锵有力。如：

At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. Then we had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and danced. Some told stories. Some played chess.

→ At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing, telling jokes and playing chess.

中午我们晒着太阳吃野餐。休息一会儿后，我们唱的唱歌，跳的跳舞，还有的讲笑话、下棋，大家玩得很开心。

6. 适当使用短语代替单词

(1) He has decided to be a teacher when he grows up.

→ He has made up his mind to be a teacher when he grows up.

他已决定长大了当老师。

(2) He doesnt like music.

→ He doesnt care much for music.

他不大喜欢音乐。

(3) He told me that the question was now under discussion.

→ He told me that the question was now being discussed.

他告诉我问题现正正在讨论中。

7. 恰当套用某些固定表达

(1) He was very tired. He couldn’t walk any farther.

→ He was too tired to walk any farther.

他太累了，不能再往前走了。

(2) The film was very interesting. Both the teachers and the students liked it.

→ The film was so interesting that both the teachers and the students liked it.

这电影很有趣，学生和老师都很喜欢。

(3) Your son is old. He can look after himself now.

→ Your son is old enough to look after himself now.

你的儿子已经长大，可以自己照顾自己了。

8. 尽量使句子带点“洋味”

(1) Dont worry. Be bold and try it, and youll learn it soon.

→Dont worry. Just go for it, and youll get it soon.

别担心，大胆试一试，你很快就会学会的。

(2) Thank you for playing with us.

→Thank you for sharing the time with us.

谢谢你陪我玩。

9. 综合使用各类所谓的“高级”结构

(1) Now everyone knows the news. I think Jim must have let it out.

→ Now everyone knows the news. I think it must have been Jim who has let it out.

现在人人都知道这消息了，我想一定是吉姆把它泄露出去的。

(2) We had to stand there to catch the offender.

→ What we had to do was (to) stand there, trying to catch the offender.

我们所能做的只是站在那儿，设法抓住违章者。

(3) If her pronunciation is not better than her teacher’s, it is at least as good as her teacher’s.

→ Her pronunciation is as good as, if not better than, her teacher’s.

如果她的语音不比她的老师好的话，至少也不会比她老师的差。

10. 适当使用名言警句点缀

在写作时根据实际情况恰当地用上一两句名言警句来点缀文章，不仅使文章显得有深度、有智慧，而且会让文章在评分中上一个“得分档次”。如：

(1) As the proverb says, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” Though you fail this time, you needn’t lose heart. As long as you work hard and stick to your dream, you will succeed one day.

(2) There is a proverb goes like this “Life isn’t a bed of roses.” It is ture that it is likely for everyone to meet problems and difficulties in life.

(3) In the modern world, more and more people live alone, which is not so good for our life. It is better for us to make more friends and enjoy friendship. Just as a proverb says, “A near friend is better than a far-dwelling kinsman.”

To see a world in a grain of sand. And a heaven in a wild flower. Hold infinity in the palm of your hand. And eternity in an hour

从一粒沙子看到一个世界,从一朵野花看到一个天堂. 把握在你手心里的就是无限,永恒也就消融于一个时辰.

Life is a chain of moments of enjoyment, not only about survival

生活是一串串的快乐时光,我们不仅仅是为了生存而生存

Lets write that letter we thought of writing one of these days.

曾打算有那么一天去写的信,就在今天写吧.

I love you not because of who you are, but because of who I am when I am with you .

我爱你,不是因为你是一个怎样的人, 而是因为我喜欢与你在一起时的感觉.

To the world you may be one person, but to one person you may be the world.

对于世界而言,你是一个人;但是对于某个人,你是他的整个世界.

Never frown, even when you are sad because you never know who is falling in love with your smile.

纵然伤心,也不要愁眉不展,因为你不知道是谁会爱上你的笑容。

Dont waste your time on a man/woman, who isnt willing to waste their time on you.

不要为那些不愿在你身上花费时间的人而浪费你的时间.

In the coming summer holiday, I am going to do a lot of interesting things.

在即将到来的暑假，我打算做很多有趣的事情。

First, I will finish my holiday homework. Second, I am going to have a good rest. I am going to play computer games or listen to music when I am free, because I like them very much. But I am not good at them now. Then, I will join a basketball club to play basketball. Even if I was a girl, I like basketball very much. It can not only make me become sunny, cheerful, but also can make me healthy. Finally, I am going to visit some of my friends. We are going to play together. Maybe we will go sightseeing.

首先，我会完成我的暑假作业。第二，我打算好好休息一下。我打算在我有时间的时候玩电脑游戏或者听音乐，因为我很喜欢它们。但是现在我却还不擅长。之后，我会参加篮球俱乐部来打篮球。虽然我是个女孩，但是我却非常喜欢篮球。它不仅可以使我变得阳光，开朗，而且也可以使我健康。最后，我要去拜访一些朋友。我们打算一起去玩。也许我们会去观光。

I think I will have a great summer holiday.

我觉得我将会有一个很棒的暑假。

1 人活着 总是要得罪一些人的 就要看那些人是否值得得罪

When alive ,we may probably offend some people.However, we must think about whether they are deserved offended。

2 命里有时终需有 命里无时莫强求

You will have it if it belongs to you,whereas you dont kveth for it if it doesnt appear in your life。

3 没有谁对不起谁，只有谁不懂得珍惜谁。

No one indebted for others,while many people dont know how to cherish others。

4 永远不是一种距离，而是一种决定。

Eternity is not a distance but a decision。

5 在回忆里继续梦幻不如在地狱里等待天堂

Dreaming in the memory is not as good as waiting for the paradise in the hell。

6 哪里有真爱存在，哪里就有奇迹

Where there is great love, there are always miracles。

7 爱情就像一只蝴蝶，它喜欢飞到哪里，就把欢乐带到哪里。

Love is like a butterfly. It goes where it pleases and it pleases where it goes。

8 假如每次想起你我都会得到一朵鲜花，那么我将永远在花丛中徜徉。

If I had a single flower for every time I think about you, I could walk forever in my garden。

9 有了你，我迷失了自我;失去你，我多么希望自己再度迷失。

Within you I lose myself, without you I find myself wanting to be lost again。

10 每一个沐浴在爱河中的人都是诗人

At the touch of love everyone becomes a poet。

11 看看我的眼睛，你会发现你对我而言意味着什么。

Look into my eyes you will see what you mean to me。

12 距离使两颗心靠得更近。

Distance makes the hearts grow fonder。

13 如果没有相等的爱，那就让我爱多一些吧。

If equal affection cannot be, let the more loving be me。

14 爱是长在我们心里的藤蔓。

Love is a vine that grows into our hearts。

15 因为你，我懂得了爱。

If I know what love is, it is because of you。

16 爱情是生活最好的提神剂。

Love is the greatest refreshment in life。

17 有了你，黑暗不再是黑暗。

The darkness is no darkness with thee。

18 如果没有人爱我们，我们也就不会再爱自己了。

We cease loving ourselves if no one loves us。

18 治疗爱的创伤唯有加倍地去爱。

There is no remedy for love but to love more。

20 如果爱不疯狂就不是爱了。

When love is not madness, it is not love。

21 有爱的心永远年轻。

A heart that loves is always young。

22 爱情就像月亮，不增则减。

Love is like the moon, when it does not increase, it decreases。

23 灵魂不能没有爱而存在。

The soul cannot live without love。

24 生命虽短，爱却绵长。

Brief is life, but love is long。

25 爱比大衣更能驱走寒冷。

Love keeps the cold out better than a cloak。

26 没有了爱，地球便成了坟墓。

Take away love, and our earth is a tomb。

27 我的爱与你同在。

My heart is with you。

28 尽管还不曾离开，我已对你朝思暮想!

I miss you so much already and I havent even left yet!

29 我会想你，在漫漫长路的每一步。

Ill think of you every step of the way。

30 无论你身在何处，无论你为何忙碌，我都会在此守候

Wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you。

1.According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking. 依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。

2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。

3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet. 没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。

4. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person’s physical fitness.

许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。

5.写信的开头：Very glad to receive your letter of July 13.

6.One day after school,XiaoMing passed a Café on his way home.

7.The boss had no choice but to let him in.

8.How he enjoyed himself on the computer!

9.Walking home full of fear,he was sure that he would be scolded.

10.However,other students are against the idea.

11.Sometimes we have too many examinations which are too difficult for us.

12.today’s activity has taught us the new meaning of the spirit of LeiFeng:sharing with others what you have—you time,energy,or knowledge—makes you fell warm in you heart.It has truly a difference in how I feel about myself.

13.The girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of.

14.No matter what he says，I won’t believe.

15. Thanks to the good weather，our journey was comfortable.

16. At the news of his death，she went pale with sorrow.

Our summervacationiscoming in thefuture days. soIhavea planabout how to improvemyEnglish skills.

Asweall know ,westudy English is used for us to communitate withpeople.Inmy opinion, speaking isimportant.Butif wehaventenough knowledge , wecant speakmore andspeakwell . I like study English,IthingEnglish is very interesting. Because English ismy secondlanguage,my knowledge islimited.Tothe disadvantage, first, Illstudy from reading!

When webeginingvacation,Ill borrowsome English books fromourschoollibrary,andIlllet my boyfriend to borrow some Englishbooksfrom his schoollibrary,too .Every morning Illreading these books,andcommunicate withmy little sister and my boyfriendin English. At this time,Ill listening theEnglish program from the vedio.In order to improve mycommunicationability, maybe Ill go to the "HE NAN PROVINCE TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY".

There are many foreign students andforeign teachers.I think,Illtalking with them. Mymajorprofessional is BussinessEnglish.Itsa popular profession inthe future.Our teacher told us,ifwe wantto getagood job,wemust knownalotofprofessionalknowledge.Face tothe job problem,Imuststudyhard moreandmore!IdontknowwhatjobIwilltakein.My parents wantmetoteach inmyhometown.Maybeinthe summer vacation , Id preparations for the"Teacherqualification certificate" .

My Views on Examinations

Since school comes into being， the test standard has been used to appraise performance of students。 So far it is still being used， which may suggest that actually there are some advantages in it。 However， it is also highly possible that the test standard is a not ideal way to find out what students have learned and what they havent。 Most school is still using it just because there is no better method to replace it。

In my opinion， the following three points are the critical flaws in the test standard。

One of the most harmful effects on the test method is that it will force us to study just for passing tests， not for acquiring knowledge especially in China。 Obviously the final object of education is XXX us intellective by learning more knowledge。 While the test is only a way to examine the level of students studies， it has been deteriorated to a sifter deciding the fate of students。 Why can it be called a terrible sifter？ Now in the tests， which decide who can enter a higher school， thousands of poor students， who want a splendid future， must prepare for the tests by finishing a great deal of practices。 Those practice tests are heavy-laden to them。 So in this case， how can they be expected to study to obtain knowledge？ To them that are enough if they can reach the level which tests need。 In the end what our nation will get， genuine persons with ability or just test robots？

Secondly， tests will bring the examinees great pressure， which can affect their lives。 A typical example of this is that most young students have worn glasses even though some of them are still children。 For preparing for tests， they must spend a lot of time on doing their homework so that their eyesight becomes worse and worse。 And the more time they spend on those， the less time they have for playing and relaxing。 Consequently， there is a bad influence on their health。

Thirdly， in fact， test system itself can not veraciously estimate who is better than others because there are many factors impacting the results of test。 For instance， someone cheated in test so that his score would be higher than others。 Or someone who was too nervous to perform well fell in the test。

Only in spare time and no pressure of tests existent， students can study simply for the fun， for obtaining knowledge and for the things that they are really interested in。 But now the test system is the only way to select which one is better， who can reach better school and who can get good job。 Then what we can do is to improve the test system or hope that something better will be invented and replace the test system。

[关于我对考试的看法的英语作文

一、写作决窍

总体把握，要点齐全;人称时态，逻辑清楚;

关键词汇，动词第一;组词成句，结构完整;

组句成文，连词增色;此路不通，绕道迂回;

字迹工整，留好印象;从句适量，高分有望。

二、写作步骤

1.认真审题。审题包括要点、格式、词数以及此篇文章要传递给读者什么样的信息，告诫读者什么(即写作目的)。

2.确定文体和时态。确定文体后，根据不同文体的特点和要求进行组织材料;同时确定出该篇文章的总时态与时态的变化。

3.写完要点，但不随意发挥。

4.先草稿，后抄写。

三、作文案例

[2004年全国中学生英语能力竞赛初赛初三组] (14分)

Choose one of your hobbies and write an article for the school magazine about it. Tell the magazine readers.

·What exactly your hobby is;

·When and how you became interested in this hobby;

·Why you enjoy your hobby;

·About your hopes and plans for the future.

写作要求：

1.根据所提供的内容，适当拓展想象空间，灵活地将提供的信息体现在文章中。

2.条理清楚，语句通顺，书写清晰、规范。

3.词数60-80.

[学生解答A]

My hobby is read books①.When I was seven years old.I became interested in reading books.I like needing books because there are a lot of useful things in books.I can learn a lot of knowledge from books. Books also② can teach me how to be a good person.Books even can solve many problems for me.I will read more good books to improve myself.

①改为reading books，动词作表语时应该用动名词。

②also的位置应放在can之后。

[点评]：档次9-11分。

①要点不全，漏掉最后一个要点。

②句子基本无误，能正确传递信息给读者但文章不流畅，句子与句子之间过渡不自然，给读者感觉在回答上述问题。

③有少量错误。

[学生解答B]

My hobby is reading.Reading books is very enjoyable.When I was young ,my mother used to tell me a story before.I went to bed every night.The stories were so interesting that I always felt they weren’t enough.So I began to read books by myself.Little by little I became interested in reading.I can learn much knowledge and many interesting things all over the world.When I read books,I can enjoy the beautiful sentences.At the same time I can improvemy writing.I want to be a writer in the future,so I must study hard and read more books so that my dream can come true.

①开门见山、点题。

②真情流露，理由充分。

③文中带圈的连词使用得恰当，使文章过渡自然、

④巧妙使用句型以表决心。

[点评]：档次13-14分。

①清楚表达写作目的，要点齐全。

②语言表达灵活多样，字里行间流露出真情实感，文章有感染力。

③恰当使用连词和从句，语言流畅，且无错误，是一篇高质量的作文。

[高分突破]

①文体：记叙文。

②要点：what → when →how → why → hope and plan for the future.

③时态：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时的自然变化。

内容具有开放性，但它也是“控制性”的写作试题，因此不能随意发挥，要善于抓信息，写完要点。选用这两篇学生真实习作，一是因为他们选材相同，二是因为他们都是英语成绩优秀的同学。同学B灵活使用连词so…that,so,little by little,when,so that等，恰到好处地使用新句型和短语used to,became interested in,come true……等，使内容丰富，读起来优美流畅。其实这些表达同学A也会，只是缺乏技术加工。通过这两篇作文点评，同学们便能悟出其中的奥妙。

四、培养途径

1.根据老师布置的写作内容，独立完成一篇写作。

2.与同伴合作，交流自己的写作，通过交流找出各自作文中写得好的地方和优美的句子，合作创造一篇新的文章，供大家欣赏。

3.找老师点评，请求老师指点，尤其是怎样润色。

4.自己纠错，写下反思。

五、备考演练

A

缙云山是重庆著名的游览胜地，每天有大量的游客。请你根据下面提供的信息写一篇报道，说明现在的游客在环境保护方面的变化。

写作要求：

1.词数在100左右。

2.条理清楚，语句通顺。

3.开头已写好，但不计入总词数。

Jinyun Mountain is a famous place of interest …

B

阅读电视广告词：“If we don’t save water,the last drop of water will be a tear-drop.”根据提示，写一篇60-80词的短文。

提示：

1.生活离不开水。

2.可饮用水在减少。

3.水污染严重。

4.应保护水源，再利用水。

思路点拨与参考答案

A. [思路点拨]：

①文体：记叙文。

②时态：一般过去时态，一般现在时态。采用正反对比的写作手法，增加感染力。

③写作目的：告诉读者保护环境的重要性。

Jinyun Mountain is a famous place of interest.Every day a lot of tourists come here to enjoy its beauty. But a few years ago,some of them paid no attention to protecting theenvironment.They threw their rubbish,such as plastic bags,fruit skins and waste paper on the ground.Sometimes they broke trees,picked flowers and killed birds. Some even made fires in the woods to cook food.How dangerous it was.Luckily,great changes have taken place here.Tourists are used to putting their rubbish into dustbins,and they are doing their best to protect the birds and plants as well.They bring their own meals instead of cooking to preventstarting a forest fire in the mountains.All these changes make us very happy.

B. [思路点拨]：

①夹叙夹议(说明现状，谈谈感想)。

②时态：一般现在时态。

③广告词的含义——水很重要，应保护和再利用(写作意图)。

Water is very important to humans.We can’t live without water.The water we can drink is falling.But some people don’t seem to care about it.They waste a lot of water.They pour dirtywater into rivers and lakes.Water pollution is getting more and more serious.So we must do something to stop the pollution.We not only protect the water but also find ways to reuse it.If we don’t do this,the last drop of water will be a tear-drop.

纵观历年的高考书面表达，其文体题材各异，有书信、口头通知、简介、日记、自我介绍、记叙文、描写文、说明文、看图作文等，不同的体裁需要考生应用适当的篇章结构，将题目所提供的信息清晰、明了、准确，逻辑合理地表达出来。

篇章结构在语言表达中起着非常重要的作用，同样的信息点会因为不同的表达顺序传达出不同的信息。层次分明，逻辑合理的篇章结构会让读者在很短的时间内获得并准确理解题目所规定的信息;而叙述顺序混乱，前言不搭后语的篇章则让人一头雾水，不知所云何物。当然，后者是失败的表达，即使作者在写作的过程中使用了再漂亮的词汇和句型，混乱的文章结构也不会让读者准确领悟作者的意图。

记叙文主要是记叙所发生的事情和经历。常见的形式有：故事、日记、新闻报道、游记等。

记叙文的写作要素：

1 要交待清楚五要素的内容，即where, when, what, who ,how，给读者一个内容完整、细节清晰的故事。

2. 事情的叙述可以按时间或空间的顺序叙述，让读者易于把握所叙述内容之间的内在关联，从而理解文章主题。

3. 时态通常使用与过去有关的时态，如一般过去时。

记叙文的篇章结构：

开头 the beginning——交待必要的背景。如：时间、地点、人物等。

中间 the middle——交待故事情节(事情的主体)。如：事件的发生、发展和前因后果。(可以使用表示时间或空间的连接词，使文章连贯。 如：at first…then…few minutes later…)

结尾 the ending——事情的结果或感想、愿望等。(所表达的感想或愿望应与所记叙的内容有关系，起到扣题或点题的作用，使文章结构紧凑)。

例如NEMT2000

假设你是李华，正在美国探亲。2000年2月8日清晨，你目击了一起交通事故。警察局让你写一份材料，报告当时的所见情况。请根据下列图画写出报告。

注意：1. 目击者应该准确报告事实

2. 词数100左右

3. 结尾已为你写好

期中考试已经从我的笔尖中，溜走了。我整日浸泡在尘世里，无所事事。

我独自一人走在回家的宽马路上，静静的想着英语那见不得人的成绩，月亮露出了半边脸，月儿弯弯地好似在嘲笑我的英语成绩，不时吹来一阵寒风，冷冷地，自不禁收拢了衣服。任马路上一辆辆车从我身边飞驰而过，路上的尘埃被一辆辆飞驰而过的车带起。而尘埃中的石砂蹦了起来，如清泉迸出石缝一般，刺到了我的脸颊。打在脸旁然而痛则心。

回到了家，偶然发现餐桌上有一盘青椒炒鸡蛋，我立马想到了我课上写得作文，因得分较高，得到了老师的好评，我回家兴奋地告诉了父母。于是，第二日，餐桌上就有了一道青椒炒鸡蛋。我感动着，同时愧疚着。感动的是父母吧我的生活放在他们的心上，然而，愧疚的是我的英语考这么差，完全没理由来享用这一道美味地青椒炒鸡蛋。

爸爸在一旁盯着我，觉得奇怪，因为按我的性格，一回家就拿起筷子，在菜上舞动着。爸爸看出了有心事的我，便问我有何事，我回避着。又试图跑向阳台，可是，脚步却沉重了起来，不听我使唤。爸爸看出了我的心，知道一定是考试没。于是，爸爸用平淡的语气说了一句“失败乃是成功之母，如果你有心，一定可以学好！”。

虽然语气平淡，但却有一种不可抗拒的力量一直在责备着我。

这一次的责备使我的心灵上有那么多痛苦，痛苦……

现在我做在椅子上，左手边一杯水，右手一支笔，不停地写出了这个故事。想着那一种不可抗拒的力量，只觉得压力大，其实呢？

……

看看这一篇作文，在嗅嗅青椒炒鸡蛋的味，压力瞬间化无了，反而成为了力量，为学习而奋斗着，为自己而学习着。

1、思想重视的不够

随着各种教学法涌入我国，对我国英语教学影响最大的当数“听说法”和&ldquo,日记;视听法”。这些教学法提倡将英语作为一门工具来对待，侧重学生语言技能的训练。然而，我们在着意于口头技能培养的同时却忽略了书面阅读和写作，在强调语言结构形式的反复操练的同时却忽略了学生语言能力的培养，从而导致教师和学生轻视英语写作现象的产生。

2、写作素材的缺乏

教师对小学英语写作究竟要写些什么缺乏明确的认识。大部分写作练习表现为简单机械的抄写，学生容易完成，老师易于批改，但写作内容与学生生活缺乏练习。

3、母语文法的束缚

小学生刚刚接触英语，在表达的过程中难免受到母语的构词法、语法和思维方式的影响，用汉语的方式组词或组句，以至于出现大量的文法错误，让人啼笑皆非。

下面是语文迷小编整理提供的100个英语写作句式，欢迎大家阅读参考。

1. According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.

依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。

2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.

最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。

3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.

没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。

4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.

人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。

5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.

越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。

6. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.

说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。

7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a persons physical fitness.

许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。

8. Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful

effects of international tourism.

应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量，努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。

9. An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.

越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而，越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法，他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题，像犯罪和卖淫。

10. Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.

许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少，以至于他们要花很长时间等一辆公交车，而车上可能已满载乘客。

11. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.

无可否认，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题：城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。

12. An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.

一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。

13. A proper part-time job does not occupy students too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间，事实上，把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康，正如那句老话：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。

14. Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.

任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。

15.Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.

当前，一提到即将开始的学校生活，许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而，对多数年轻人来说，校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。

16. In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.

考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。

17. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.

大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。

18. It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.

无可争辩，现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冻的痛苦生活。

19. Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.

尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。

20. No one can deny the fact that a persons education is the most important aspect of his life.

没有人能否认：教育是人生最重要的一方面。

21. People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.

人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。

22. In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.

在过去的几十年，先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。

23. In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.

事实上，我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。

24. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.

我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。

25. People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

人们相信拥有计算机技术可以获得更多工作或提升的机会。

26. The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.

从这几年我搜集的信息来看，这些知识并没有人们想象的那么有用。

27. Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.

现在，人们普遍认为没有一所大学能够在毕业时候教给学生所有的知识。

28. This is a matter of life and death--a matter no country can afford to ignore.

这是一个关系到生死的问题，任何国家都不能忽视。

29. For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons:

我同意后者，有如下理由：

30. Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.

在给出我的观点之前，我想看看双方的观点是重要的。

31. This view is now being questioned by more and more people.

这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑。

32. Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information Ive collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.

尽管许多人认为随着经济的高速发展，用自行车的人数会减少，自行车可能会消亡， 然而，这几年我收集的一些信息让我相信自行车仍然会继续在现代社会发挥极其重要的作用。

33. Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.

环境学家指出：持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题，而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。

34. In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.

考虑到这些严重的状况，我们比以往任何时候更需要像自行车这样的环保型交通工具。

35. Using bicycle contributes greatly to peoples physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.

使用自行车有助于人们的身体健康，并极大地缓解了交通阻塞。

36. Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.

尽管自行车有许多明显的优点，但是它也存在它的问题。

37. Bicycle cant be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.

在速度和舒适度方面，自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。

38. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：自行车的优点远大于缺点，并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。

39. There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.

当前在高校和研究机构对教育存在着大量争论，其中一个问题就是教育是否是个终身学习的过程。

40. This issue has caused wide public concern.

这个问题已经引起了广泛关注。

41. It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.

必须指出学习只能靠自己。

42. A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously, they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a persons education is a most important aspect of his life.

许多人存在这样的误解，认为离开学校就意味着结束了他们的教育。显然，他们忽视了教育是人生重要部分这一基本事实。

43. As for me, Im in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation, for the following reasons:

就我而言，我同意教育不应该随着毕业而结束的观点，有以下原因：

44. It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.

人们普遍认为高校是不可能在毕业的时候教会他们的学生所有知识的。

45. Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.

即使最优秀的毕业生，要想成为一个博学的人也要不断地学习。

46. It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.

人们普遍认为我们的现代科技使我们的社会发生了巨大的变化，近几十年人类在科技方面取得了惊人的进步。

47. Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

现在越来越多的人开始相信学习新的技术和知识能直接帮助他们获得工作就会或提升的机会。

48. An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.

一项调查显示许多老人都有到大学继续学习的愿望。

49. For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.

对大多数人来讲，退休以后，阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源。

50. For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.

对于那些想过上健康而有意义的生活的人们来说，找时间学习一些新知识是很重要的，正如那句老话：活到老，学到老。

51. There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school students doing a part-time job.

对于大学或高中生打工这一现象，校园里进行着广泛的争论。

52. By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.

通过做一份和专业相关的工作，学生不仅能够提高他们的专业能力，而且能获得从课本上得不到的经验。

53. Although peoples lives have been dramatically changed over the last decades, it must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because that tuition fees and prices of books are soaring by the day

近几十年，尽管人们的生活有了惊人的改变，但必须承认，由于学费和书费日益飞涨，资金短缺仍然是学生们面临的最大问题之一。

54. Consequently, the extra money obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life.

因此，业余工作挣来的钱将强有力地支持学生们继续他们的求学生活。

55. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce a far-reaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part-time job, which will benefit students and their family, even the society as a whole.

通过上面的讨论，我们不难得出结论：业余工作对学生们会产生深远的影响，我们应鼓励学生从事业余工作，这将有利于学生和他们的家庭，甚至整个社会。

56. These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in past. Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it.

现在，越来越多的人们开始抱怨工作比以前更有压力。许多专家指出这是现代社会发展必然的结果，无法避免。

57. It is widely acknowledged that computer and other machines have become an indispensable part of our society, which make our life and work more comfortable and less laborious.

人们普遍认为计算机和其他机器已经成为我们社会必不可少的一部分。 它们使我们的生活更舒适，减少了大量劳动。

58. At the same time, along with the benefits of such machines, employees must study knowledge involved in such machines so that they are able to control them.

同时，随着这些机器带给我们的好处，员工们也必须要学习与之相关的知识以便使用它们。

59. No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.

没有人能否认这一基本事实：对于一般工人来讲，轻松掌握这些技术是不可能的。

60. In the second place, there seem to be too many people without job and not enough job position.

第二方面，失业的人似乎太多而又没有足够的工作岗位。

61. Millions of people have to spend more time and energy on studying new skills and technology so that they can keep a favorable position in job market.

成千上万的人们不得不花费更多的精力和时间学习新的技术和知识，使得他们在就业市场能保持优势。

62. According to a recent survey, a growing number of people express a strong desire to take another job or spend more time on their job in order to get more money to support their family.

根据最近的一项调查，越来越多的人表达了想从事另外的工作或加班以赚取更多的钱来补贴家用的强烈愿望。

63. From what has been discussed above, I am fully convinced that the leisure life-style is undergoing a decline with the progress of modern society, it is not necessary a bad thing.

通过以上讨论，我完全相信，随着现代社会的进步，幽闲的生活方式正在消失并不是件坏事。

64. The problem of international tourism has caused wide public concern over the recent years.

近些年，国际旅游的问题引起了广泛关注。

65. Many people believe that international tourism produce positive effects on economic growth and local government should be encouraged to promote international tourism.

许多人认为国际旅游对经济发展有积极作用，应鼓励地方政府发展国际旅游。

66. But what these people fail to see is that international tourism may bring about a disastrous impact on our environment and local history.

但是这些人忽视了国际旅游可能会给当地环境和历史造成的灾难性的影响。

67. As for me, Im firmly convinced that the number of foreign tourists should be limited, for the following reasons:

就我而言，我坚定地认为国外旅游者的数量应得到限制，理由如下：

68. In addition, in order to attract tourists, a lot of artificial facilities have been built, which have certain unfavorable effects on the environment.

另外，为了吸引旅游者，大量人工设施被修建，这对环境是不利的。

69. For lack of distinct culture, some places will not attract tourists any more. Consequently, the fast rise in number of foreign tourists may eventually lead to the decline of local tourism.

由于缺乏独特的文化，一些地方不再吸引旅游者。因此，国外旅游者数量的快速增加可能最终会导致当地旅游业的衰败。

70. There is a growing tendency for parents to ask their children to accept extra educational programs over the recent years.

近些年，父母要求他们的孩子接受额外的教育呈增长的势头。

71. This phenomenon has caused wide public concern in many places of world.

这一现象在全世界许多地方已引起了广泛关注。

72. Many parents believe that additional educational activities enjoy obvious advantage. By extra studies, they maintain, their children are able to obtain many kinds of practical skills and useful knowledge, which will put them in a beneficial position in the future job markets when they grow up.

许多家长相信额外的教育活动有许多优点，通过学习，他们的孩子可以获得很多实践技能和有用的知识，当他们长大后，这些对他们就业是大有好处的。

73. In the first place, extra studies bring about unhealthy impacts on physical growth of children. Educational experts point out that, it is equally important to take some sport activities instead of extra studies when children have spent the whole day in a boring classroom.

首先，额外的学习对孩子们的身体发育是不利的。教育专家指出，孩子们在枯燥的教室里呆了一整天后，从事一些体育活动，而不是额外的学习，是非常重要的。

74. Children are undergoing fast physical development; lack of physical exercise may produce disastrous influence on their later life.

孩子们正处于身体快速发育时期，缺乏体育锻炼可能会对他们未来的生活造成严重的影响。

75. In the second place, from psychological aspect, the majority of children seem to tend to have an unfavorable attitude toward additional educational activities.

第二，从心理上讲，大部分孩子似乎对额外的学习没有什么好感。

76. It is hard to imagine a student focusing their energy on textbook while other children are playing.

当别的孩子在玩耍的时候，很难想象一个学生能集中精力在课本上。

77. Moreover, children will have less time to play and communicate with their peers due to extra studies, consequently, it is difficult to develop and cultivate their character and interpersonal skills. They may become more solitary and even suffer from certain mental illness.

而且，由于要额外地学习，孩子们没有多少时间和同龄的孩子玩耍和交流，很难培养他们的个性和交际能力。他们可能变得孤僻甚至产生某些心理疾病。

78. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that, although extra studies indeed enjoy many obvious advantages, its disadvantages shouldnt be ignored and far outweigh its advantages. It is absurd to force children to take extra studies after school.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：尽管额外学习的确有很多优点，但它的缺点不可忽视，且远大于它的优点。因此，放学后强迫孩子额外学习是不明智的。

79. Any parents should place considerable emphasis on their children to keep the balance between play and study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

任何家长都应非常重视保持孩子在学习与玩耍的平衡，正如那句老话：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。

80. There is a growing tendency for parent these days to stay at home to look after their children instead of returning to work earlier.

现在，父亲或母亲留在家里照顾他们的孩子而不愿过早返回工作岗位正成为增加的趋势。

81. Parents are firmly convinced that, to send their child to kindergartens or nursery schools will have an unfavorable influence on the growth of children.

父母们坚定地相信把孩子送到幼儿园对他们的成长不利。

82. However, this idea is now being questioned by more and more experts, who point out that it is unhealthy for children who always stay with their parents at home.

然而，这一想法正遭受越来越多的专家的质疑，他们指出，孩子总是呆在家里，和父母在一起，是不健康的。

83. Although parent would be able to devote much more time and energy to their children, it must be admitted that, parent has less experience and knowledge about how to educate and supervise children, when compared with professional teachers working in kindergartens or nursery schools.

尽管父母能在他们孩子身上投入更多时间和精力，但是必须承认，与工作在幼儿园的专职教师相比，他们在如何管理教育孩子方面缺乏知识和经验。

84. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that, although the parents desire to look after children by themselves is understandable, its disadvantages far outweigh the advantages.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出如下结论：尽管家长想亲自照看孩子的愿望是可以理解的，但是这样做的缺点远大于优点。

85. Parents should be encouraged to send their children to nursery schools, which will bring about profound impacts on children and families, and even the society as a whole.

应该鼓励父母将他们的孩子送到幼儿园，这将对孩子，家庭，甚至整个社会产生深远的影响。

86. Many leaders of government always go into raptures at the mere mention of artistic and cultural projects. They are forever talking about the nice parks, the smart sculptures in central city and the art galleries with various valuable rarities. Nothing, they maintain, is more essential than such projects in the economic growth.

只要一提起艺术和文化项目，一些政府领导就会兴奋不已，他们滔滔不绝地说着美丽的公园，城市中心漂亮的雕塑，还有满是稀世珍宝的艺术展览馆。他们认为在经济发展中，没有什么比这些艺术项目更重要了。

87. But is it really the case? The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that artistic and cultural projects may be less useful than many governments think. In fact, basic infrastructure projects are playing extremely important role and should be given priority.

这是真的吗?这些年我收集的信息让我相信这些文化、艺术项目并没有许多政府想象的那么重要。事实上，基础设施建设非常重要，应该放在首位。

88. Those who are in favor of artistic and cultural projects advocate that cultural environment will attract more tourists, which will bring huge profits to local residents. Some people even equate the build of such projects with the improving of economic construction.

那些赞成建设文化艺术项目的人认为文化环境会吸引更多的游客，这将给当地居民带来巨大的利益。一些人甚至把建设文化艺术项目与发展经济建设等同起来。

89. Unfortunately, there is very few evidence that big companies are willing to invest a huge sums of money in a place without sufficient basic projects, such as supplies of electricity and water.

然而，很少有证据表明大公司愿意把巨额的资金投到一个连水电这些基础设施都不完善的地方去。

90. From what has been discussed above, it would be reasonable to believe that basic projects play far more important role than artistic and cultural projects in peoples life and economic growth.

通过以上讨论，我们有理由相信在人们的生活和经济发展方面，基础建设比艺术文化项目发挥更大的作用。

91. Those urban planners who are blind to this point will pay a heavy price, which they cannot afford it.

那些城市的规划者们如果忽视这一点，将会付出他们无法承受的代价。

92. There is a growing tendency these days for many people who live in rural areas to come into and work in city. This problem has caused wide public concern in most cities all over the world.

农民进城打工正成为增长的趋势，这一问题在世界上大部分城市已引起普遍关注。

93. An investigation shows that many emigrants think that working at city provide them with not only a higher salary but also the opportunity of learning new skills.

一项调查显示许多民工认为在城市打工不仅有较高的收入，而且能学到一些新技术。

94. It must be noted that improvement in agriculture seems to not be able to catch up with the increase in population of rural areas and there are millions of peasants who still live a miserable life and have to face the dangers of exposure and starvation.

必须指出，农业的发展似乎赶不上农村人口的增加，并且仍有成千上万的农民过着缺衣挨饿的贫寒生活。

95. Although rural emigrants contribute greatly to the economic growth of the cities, they may inevitably bring about many negative impacts.

尽管民工对城市的经济发展做出了巨大贡献，然而他们也不可避免的带来了一些负面影响。

96. Many sociologists point out that rural emigrants are putting pressure on population control and social order; that they are threatening to take already scarce city jobs; and that they have worsened traffic and public health problems.

许多社会学家指出民工正给人口控制和社会治安带来压力。他们正在威胁着本已萧条的工作市场，他们恶化了交通和公共卫生状况。

97. It is suggested that governments ought to make efforts to reduce the increasing gap between cities and countryside. They ought to set aside an appropriate fund for improvement of the standard of peasants lives. They ought to invite some experts in agriculture to share their experiences, information and knowledge with peasants, which will contribute directly to the economic growth of rural areas.

建议政府应该努力减少正在拉大的城乡差距。应该划拨适当的资金提高农民的生活水平;应该邀请农业专家向农民介绍他们的经验，知识和信息，这些将有助于发展农村经济。

98. In conclusion, we must take into account this problem rationally and place more emphases on peasants lives. Any government that is blind to this point will pay a heavy price.

总之，我们应理智考虑这一问题，重视农民的生活。任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。

99. Although many experts from universities and institutes consistently maintain that it is an inevitable part of an independent life, parents in growing numbers are starting to realize that people, including teachers and experts in education, should pay considerable attention to this problem.

尽管来自高校和研究院的许多专家坚持认为这是独立生活不可避免的一部分，然而越来越多的家长开始意识到包括教师和教育专家在内的人们应该认真对待这一问题。

100. As for me, it is essential to know, at first, what kind of problems young students possible would encounter on campus.

我认为，首先应看看学生们在校园可能遇到哪些问题。

A man was going to the house of some rich person. As he went along the road, he saw a box of good apples at the side of the road. He said, "I do not want to eat those apples; for the rich man will give me much food; he will give me very nice food to eat." Then he took the apples and threw them away into the dust.

He went on and came to a river. The river had become very big; so he could not go over it. He waited for some time; then he said, "I cannot go to the rich mans house today, for I cannot get over the river."

He began to go home. He had eaten no food that day. He began to want food. He came to the apples, and he was glad to take them out of the dust and eat them.

Do not throw good things away; you may be glad to have them at some other time.

【译文】

一个人正朝着一个富人的房子走去，当他沿着路走时，在路的一边他发现一箱好苹果，他说：“我不打算吃那些苹果，因为富人会给我更多的食物，他会给我很好吃的东西。”然后他拿起苹果，一把扔到土里去。

他继续走，来到河边，河涨水了，因此，他到不了河对岸，他等了一会儿，然后他说：“今天我去不了富人家了，因为我不能渡过河。”

他开始回家，那天他没有吃东西。他就开始去找吃的，他找到苹果，很高兴地把它们从尘土中翻出来吃了。

不要把好东西扔掉，换个时候你会觉得它们大有用处。