应用文写作英语四级考试计划（合集20篇）

For I want to spend my holiday fully,so I plan to go on a trip,I want to go to hongkong for 2 weeks,because it is not only a shopping paradise but also

The heaven for children.

It’s very far away ,so I plan to go there by plane,it is the most convenient way to go there,

And I decided to stay there for 2 weeks ,while I can thoroughly to feel the local customs there

I also want to go taiwan,I want to go to a concert in xiaojudan,such as listen to a concert .

This summer ,i want to go to beijing.Its a great pity that i only stay for two days in Beijing that i cannot enjoy every tourist attractions. But i can still visit the attractions of the most representative. Firstly, I am going to the Great Wall, which is the longest wall and one of the eight wonders of the world. It was built by hands only, which seems unimaginable. On the second day, i can visit to the Imperial Palace where you can learn more about Chinese history. It was built in 1406 and there were 24 emperors living in there. And then i can go to Summer Palace or Beihai Park.

Beijing is a modern city as well as a historic city where there are many places worth visiting. Given the chance, welcome to travel to Beijing in the future.

My winner vacation is coming soon .I am so happy I decide to make a winter vacation plan .First, I will do my homework carefully Second ,I am going to help my mother with housework .Then,I want to play with my best friend.I will also visit my grangparents with my parents .We will spend Spring Festival with them.I think every day during my winter vacation will be happy.

I am sure I will have a wonderful vacation. I can not wait.

I will have a seven-day holiday next week. In these days, I have many things to do. First, I must finish the exercises left by teachers, Chinese, math and English. It may take me two days to finish. I plan finish them in the first and second day. And then, I will go to see my grandparents with mom and dad. I miss them very much. So do they. I will stay there for three days. The last two days, I want to have a good rest or play with my friends. It’s my own time, so that I want to spend it with my friends. This is my plan for the holiday. What about yours?

下周我将有七天的假期。在这几天我有很多事情要做。首先，我必须完成老师布置的作业，有语文，数学和英语。完成这些作业要花我两天的时间。我打算在第一天和第二天完成，接着我会和爸爸妈妈去看望爷爷奶奶。我很想念他们，他们也很想念我们。我会在那里待上三天。最后两天，我想好好休息或者和我朋友一起玩。这是我自己的时间，所以我想和朋友一起度过。这就是我的假期计划。你的计划是怎么样的呢?

The following appeared as part of an article in a photography magazine.

When choosing whether to work in color or in black-and-white, the photographer who wishes to be successful should keep in mind that because color photographs are more true-to-life, magazines use more color photographs than black-and-white ones, and many newspapers are also starting to use color photographs. The realism of color also accounts for the fact that most portrait studios use more color film than black-and-white film. Furthermore, there are more types of color film than black-and-white film available today. Clearly, photographers who work in color have an advantage over those who work in black-and-white.

Discuss how well reasoned... etc.

The author concludes that photographers who work in color hold a competitive advantage over those who work in black-and-white. To support this conclusion, the author claims that the greater realism of color accounts for its predominant use in magazines and portraits. The author also points out that newspapers now use color photographs, and that there are more types of color film than black-and-white film available today. This argument is problematic in several important respects.

First, the argument unfairly assumes that working in color is necessary in order to gain an advantage. The author identifies only two areasmagazine and portrait photographywhere color predominates. It is possible that the overall demand for black-and-white photography remains high. Moreover, the author provides no evidence that the realism of color photography is the reason for its predominance. The predominant use of color may be due to other factorssuch as consumer preferences or relative costs of filmwhich might change at any time.

[GMAT考试写作参考作文

中考英语试卷写作的分数各个省市有所不同，一般在15-20分之间。下面从阅卷老师的角度分析一下中考英语作文的得分点和扣分点。2.字数：少于60字的作文要酌情扣分。中考英语作文要求60字以上，标点符号不算，少了就要扣分。

中考英语试卷写作的分数各个省市有所不同，一般在15-20分之间。下面从阅卷老师的角度分析一下中考英语作文的得分点和扣分点。

中考英语作文对考生的要求有四点：1、内容要完整。 2、语句流畅。3、没有语法错误。4、书写规范。能达到上述要求的作文，都会得到相应的高分。

一：先看一下扣分点：

1.内容方面：要点缺失，可酌情扣分。比如中考作文“I want to do something for my school”，若没有写一件具体的事情，是要扣3分以上的;若写的事情太过于虚幻，没有实际内容，也会扣1-2分。

2.字数：少于60字的作文要酌情扣分。

中考英语作文要求60字以上，标点符号不算，少了就要扣分。但是60字的作文能不能得高分?从我们拿到的实例作文来看，16分以上的作文，没有少于75字的，甚至少于80字的也少之又少。当然，也极少有超过100字的，因为中考试卷的短线格一共80个，在格子下面大约还有2行的空间，可以加20字左右，再多阅卷人就很难看清了，也会影响卷面的美观。所以，同学们如果想让作文得到高分，最好是让字数在75-100字之间。

3. 语法和拼写错误：每个扣0.5，重复错误不计;

4. 标点错误：每4个扣0.5.

二：加分点

除了这些扣分点，还有一些得分点：比如说作文的组织结构分，就是根据学生使用复杂句型、单词和谚语、俗语的情况来加分。

只要文章中有1个亮点，基本就可以争取到1分(3分的文采分是很难全部拿到的)。而这1分的亮点，是可以提前准备的。例如，有一些“万金油”式的复杂句型，例如强调句型、only相关的倒装句等，只要同学们多操练几次，几乎是一定能用到作文当中，从而为自己争取到这1分。

其次就是卷面分

很多家长[微博]和同学，尤其是部分书法并不是十分整洁的同学，都会关心是否真的有“卷面分”的存在。虽然在阅卷标准里面并没有卷面分这一项，但是这个分数却真切地反映在了同学们的分数里面。

据阅卷老师的经验，在阅卷的时候并不是按这3个部分逐项打分的，而是在第一遍读完全文之后，心里已经形成了一个“印象分”，然后再细读第二、三遍，把印象分分配到各个打分部分。因此，这个“印象分”就非常重要，而同学们的书法，也正是在这个环节，影响到了自己的分数。所以初三的考生，如果书法不好，一定要注意。所谓的书法并不需要写的很漂亮，符合3个简单的标准即可：没有斜体、没有连笔、涂改较少。

In the 30 days of the winter vacation, I also want to some of my winter vacation plan.

On the first day of winter vacation, I will look over the final exam papers review once, and then do some exercises.

In the second day to the fifth day of the winter vacation, I will finish the all homework assigned by the teacher is good, take a look at some reference books and information.

Review to the same, I will go to buy some books and materials book1&book 2 in the sixth grade to preview, understand and recite every passage and words, math is to buy some exercises to do. In the New Year to come, tidy up all the information about learning well, back to their hometown to play with my friends. My winter vacation plan is like this, what about you?

I Lin Wei wish you success in the New Year!

在这寒假的30天里，我也想好了我的一些寒假的计划。

在寒假的第一天，我会先把期末考的试卷复习一次，然后再做一些练习题。

在寒假的第二天到第五天，我会把老师布置的所有作业都完成好，再看一些课外书和资料。

复习到差不多的时候，我会去买一些六年级下册的书籍和资料来预习，并背诵每一篇课文和词语的理解，数学就买一些练习题来做。在新年要到来的时候，就把全部有关学习的资料整理好，回到老家和朋友们玩耍。我的寒假计划就是这样，你们呢?

我林薇在新的一年里祝你们马到成功!

自从上初中以来，转眼间，半学期过去了，检验初一学生这一段时期学习效果的期中考试很快就要来临了。为了取得一个较好的成绩，根据我的实际情况，特制定考试复习计划如下：

一、要合理安排时间。把应该复习的复习好，注意劳逸结合。

二、多看课本，课后及时复习。期中考试考核的内容都是围绕课本的，把课本吃透，把该熟记的知识点、该掌握的公式都必须拿下。每天在课后用半小时来复习。复习时要勤于思考，勤于动脑，学会举一反三。

三、要把重点深入掌握，细化知识点。应该把做过的练习题进行归类和总结，对于自己不明白的题要积极提出疑问，学会总结一些技巧、梳理一下做题的思路、把握规律。

四、适当做些综合题。综合题能反映出对该学科的知识掌握的全面性。做综合题时，要规定时间和评分标准，可谓“平时以考试心态多做模拟卷，考试时就能以平常心态做考试卷”。

五、整理课堂笔记，坚持做好系统复习。试着回忆当时上课过程，反复看笔记，把各学科的知识系统地进行整理，克服放松情绪。

六、强化记忆，查漏补缺。在系统复习中，将平时自己在学习过程中对某方面的内容掌握不够的、理解还欠深刻的内容及时补正，达到完美无缺。

学习是学生的天职，考试是最好的试金石。面对考试，只要勤勤恳恳、持之以恒，就能不乱不燥，气定神闲。机会只降临于有准备的头脑，成功只光顾勤勉向上的人生。我希望通过我的努力，我的成绩能够进入全班前10名。为了这个目标，我一定会加油努力的。

The US sub-prime mortgage crisis turns out to be a nightmare for the world economy.

Though it took shape in the United States, it has already resulted in adverse consequences forbanks and financial market around the world.

Affected by this crisis, the global economy was reduced to slowdown and last to date, and noone can see the bottom.

On the one hand, many companies just go bankrupt or have to tighten their budget andrecruit fewer employees.

Therefore, it is difficult for graduates to find a job.

Even if those graduates are employed, their salaries will accordingly affected by the recessedeconomy.

On the other hand, while the economic crisis is still ongoing, its impact has already extendedto our daily life.

The consumer price index raises and people are experiencing the sense of desperateinsecurity.

Though economic crisis has its negative impacts, we can not become pessimistic about thefuture.

We college students should be urged to work harder in order to get prepared for theunexpected future.

The spring festival is the tradition festival in China.It is the same as the christmas day in the west country,it is welcome the new year.

It is the day that the families get together.

The spring festival is usually in the February ,sometimes in January.In the spring festival,every family all paste the lucky inscriptions,they fire the cracker,they eat the dumplings.The day before the new years first day is the new years eve,same as the christmas eve,all the families get together to have the new yaars dinner,wishes each other,talk about the wishes about the new year.Small children will receive the money given to children as a lunar new year gift.

导语：在英语作文中，运用一些成语或者俗语能够给作文加分哦，下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

1. 瞒天过海crossing the sea under camouflage

2. 围魏救赵relieving the state of Zhao by besieging the state of Wei

3. 借刀杀人killing someone with a borrowed knife

4. 以逸待劳waiting at one’s ease for the exhausted enemy

5. 趁火打劫plundering a burning house

6. 声东击西making a feint to the east and attacking in the west

7. 无中生有creating something out of nothing

8. 暗渡陈仓advancing secretly by an unknown path

9. 隔岸观火watching a fire from the other side of the river

10.笑里藏刀covering the dagger with a smile

11.李代桃僵palming off substitute for the real thing

12.顺手牵羊picking up something in passing

13.打草惊蛇beating the grass to frighten the snake

14.借尸还魂resurrecting a dead soul by borrowing a corpse

15.调虎离山luring the tiger out of his den

16.欲擒故纵letting the enemy off in order to catch him

17.抛砖引玉giving the enemy something to induce him to lose more valuable things

18.擒贼擒王capturing the ringleader first in order to capture all the followers

19.釜底抽薪extracting the firewood from under the cauldron

20.混水摸鱼muddling the water to catch the fish; fishing in troubled waters

21.金蝉脱壳slipping away by casting off a cloak; getting away like the cicada sloughing its skin

22.关门捉贼catching the thief by closing / blocking his escape route

23.远交近攻befriending the distant enemy while attacking a nearby enemy

24.假途伐虢attacking the enemy by passing through a common neighbor

25.偷梁换柱stealing the beams and pillars and replacing them with rotten timbers

26.指桑骂槐reviling/ abusing the locust tree while pointing to the mulberry

27.假痴不癫feigning madness without becoming insane

28.上屋抽梯removing the ladder after the enemy has climbed up the roof

29.树上开花putting artificial flowers on trees

30.反客为主turning from the guest into the host

31.美人计using seductive women to corrupt the enemy

32.空城计presenting a bold front to conceal unpreparedness

33.反间计sowing discord among the enemy

34.苦肉计deceiving the enemy by torturing one’s own man

35.连环计coordinating one stratagem with another

36.走为上decamping being the best; running away as the best choice

The annual Chinese New Year came in 2008, the Spring Festival has come exceptionally busy, it is accompanied by the festive sound of firecrackers, sky in full bloom, and colorful fireworks came. The ancients as "firecrackers of the year" to commemorate Chinese New Year. The return of fireworks and firecrackers, so that the ancient city of Beijing is full of a thick smell of years, sound of firecrackers brings us endless joy, filled with a wonderful interesting traditional festivals.

As a girl, I do not like to put those little on the "crackling" sound of Mei Wan and loud firecrackers. I like those colorful light emitted after, four run around fireworks. There is a called channeling smallpox, a carefully ed in the ground began to release, and later on the secure enough to put in the hand grip, lit "squeak" is heard, a group with a small ball of fire flew up into the sky, screaming, "pit" Suddenly the sky on a flower in full bloom out, quite exciting. My favorite is called Setaria fireworks in one hand and a lit continuously emitted after the bright, constantly changing colors of the fireworks. My hands turned, arms on the emergence of two very nice Ring of Fire; my arms open, 4 running, I became a "Firebird." I have a another one to lying, I cried, ran, happy with ... ...

Chinese New Year fireworks is a traditional custom. Legend of the so-called "year" is an evil beast, people set fire to bamboo, the sound of bamboo bursting scared off "year", "years" away is the Chinese New Year in. I like fireworks, it made me able to live a traditional feature of the year. I think as long as we pay attention to safety, stressing civilization, this tradition will be able to have a wonderful New Year.

一眨眼，一学期又即将过去，紧张的期末考试又即将来临！期末考试对于学生来说，无疑是一个末日，因为考得好，家长表扬；考得不好，家长给你一顿“皮带炒肉丝”！所以，我要在期末阶段，认真复习！

我还是先来分析一下优、缺点吧！在第一、二、三单元测试时，我每次都考出了高分，成绩名类前茅。我想这会和我上课认真、暂时的仔细有很大关系！可是好景不长，到了后来的考试中，成绩一直是中中等等，这可能是我审题不仔细，马虎的缘故吧！我的优点是：注意力集中；缺点是：马虎、骄傲。所以，我要在期末复习中将缺点化为优点，成为班级的强手！

我的目标到然是95分以上和考第一啦！而对手厉凡成为了我的一个绊脚石，他的优点是认真、细心；缺点是：注意力不集中。他的优点是我的缺点，他的缺点是我的优点。所以我要取长补短，步步高升，使厉凡成为我的手下败将，是我前进的步伐不会磕磕绊绊！

我平时的考试扣分只要在了阅读、改错上，这两块内容恰恰是要细心，所以我要先克服马虎这个缺点，才能再去掌握具体方法。我想具体做法应该是，认真审题，弄准每个字的意思，回答要全面，不添字，不漏字，不错字，最重要的到然是动脑筋啦！

New term is coming.I am going to concentrate on my study and spend more time learning English because I am weak in it.I will try as hard as possible to improve my spoken English because my oral English is really bad.I will ask my teacher and friends for help when I have problem.I will do sports every day because its good to keep healthy.I will help others when they are in trouble and help my parents with more housework.

用介词短语替代从句，例：

原句：While they were playing tennis, she started an argument that lasted all morning.

修改后：During tennis she started an argument that lasted all morning.

原句：When you come to the second traffic light, turn right.

修改后：At the second traffic light turn left.

爸爸：“松乔啊，马上要期中考试了吧，考不上90分把你的皮给扒下来。想当年，你爸年轻时还扒过猪皮呢，当时，我可是毫不留情啊!”

妈妈：“对，你的皮是该扒扒啦!”

我(心想)：饿滴神那!这还是我的亲爹亲娘嘛?

期中考试倒计时第2天——

晚饭后——，我坐在沙发上乐呵呵地看着动画片，一边吃着妙脆角，还时不时的发出笑声，正看到最精彩时，老爸老妈一人拿着一个枕头，向正在看电视的我抛出一道完美的弧线，那两个枕头不偏不倚的打在了我的脸上，我还没清醒过来呢，只听见耳边传来了男高音和女高音：“写作业去”就这样，我怏怏不乐地回到了我的书房去攻克“题海”

期中考试倒计时第4天——

我端着杯茶来到老妈身边，“妈，跟你商量个事。”“什么事?说”“班上好多同学都有一个MP3。MP4的，整天没事就塞着个耳机，看得我眼馋‘屎’了，也想要一个，可不可以?”老妈瞄了我一眼，轻描淡写地说：“可以倒是可以……”“耶~~~~~，老妈我爱‘屎’你拉!”“不过~~~~”一听到“不过”我就立刻歇菜，问：“不过什么?”“不过前提是考试考上95分。”“好”

期中考试倒计时第2天——

妈妈今天上街去了，回来时，给我带了一大摞补习资料，有一课一练，有卷子，有参考书，我一本一本地翻着，嘴巴里还不停念叨着：“冲刺100分?”“一课一练——尖子生的法宝?”“要想学得好——非常6+7?”这都是什么乱七八糟的啊?

期中考试倒计时第1天——

这一天可紧张了，因为明天就要考试了，所以，我们要复习复习再复习，然后不停的深呼吸，告诉自己不要紧张，不要紧张……

朋友们，这样的倒计时，你经历过吗?

英语写作和汉语写作一样，要写出好文章除了要有好的内容外还少不了好的结构，而句子的好坏又取决于选词造句。小编收集了关于英语作文的写作技巧，欢迎阅读。

一、措辞

1、选择生动准确的词

词是语言的基本单位，人们要表达思想，就要选择适当的词语，这是写作的基本要求。

词可分为一般概念的词(general words)和具体概念的词(specific words)。表示一般概念的词含义模糊;表示具体概念的词含义明确，表达准确，生动形象。写作时合理地使用具体概念的词能够使句子表达的意思准确，内容生动，更富有感染力。试比较下面各组句子：

(l) A few houses were destroyed yesterday (general)

Five houses burnt down yesterday (specific)

(2)His relatives gave him two gifts(general)

His aunt and uncle gave hima watch and a Pen as the birthday gifts。(specific)

(3) Jack went to the window and looked at the crowd outside(general)

Jack tiptoed to the window and peeped into the room(specific)

上面各组句中，第一个句子抽象概括，给人以空泛的感觉：第二个句子用词具体，有个件，使人感到意思确切，生动逼真。

2、使用英语成语和习语

人们在长期使用语言的过程中，积累了大量的习惯表达法。这些成语、习语内涵丰富，语言生动活泼。文章中适当地使用这类短语，可避免语言的单调贫乏，使句子生动而富于内涵。如：

(l)George has lost his social position since his business failed.

可改为：George has come down in the world since his business failed

(2).Maybe you have time to go to the cinema,but I have more importavt businessto attend to.

可改为：Maybe you have time to go to the cinema,but I have other fish to fry.

3、用词的宽度

用词的宽度可以反映出写作者所掌握的词汇量。如果一个人掌握的词汇量大，那么当表达同一概念有不同的表达方法时，则可以换一种说法。如：

The teachers maintained that the students should give up love for the sake ofleaming Students,however,hold that fordidding love among college students is nogood.

这两句话里，谓语分别用了maintain和hold。如果将它们换为think，所表达的意思相同，但用词宽度则不如原文。这两句话中for the sake of，give uP,is no good等都是用词宽度的表现。

所以在英语写作中有意识地适当增加用词宽度既能体现学以致用的原则又能使文章取得良好效果。

二、句子的多样化

英语中，同一思想用不同句式表达，其效果会大不相同。要想写出好的文章，就要不断地变化句子的结构形式。

l、长短句交替使用

句子的长短是为表达思想服务的。英语短句结构简单，意思明白具有生动活泼而又干脆利索的表达效果，而长句结构复杂，信息丰富，能表达成熟的思想与复杂的概念。一味地使用长句或短句会使文章显得单调，乏味，从而影响文章的总体效果。科学地交替使用长短句使句子结构变化多样，不仅给文章带来顿挫起伏的语言美感，而且可以受到理想的修辞效果。请看下面的这段话：

She returned to her office.There was a note under the door. It was from Mr May.He said he was waiting for her in the coffee room.And he bad not found her sister.Hewas sorry to have missed her.

这段话用了一连串的短句，读起来单调呆板，平淡无味。为使文字更加生动，意思更加明确可改为：

When she returned to her office，the found a note from Mr May under the door.He said he was waiting for her in the coffee room and hadnt found her sister yet.Headded that he was sorry to have missed her.

修改后三个句子长短不一，读起来就给人以不同的感觉。

又如《大学英语》第一册第十课 Going Home，当汽车驶至 Brunsnick，车上的年轻人看见黄手帕时，出现了以下这两行文字：

Then，suddenly，all of the young people were up out of thelr seats，screamlng andshouting and cryin, doing small dances of joy.All except Vlngo.这两句话一长(23个词)一短(3个词)，彼此衬托互为凸现。第一句的两个and和四个-ing词，把热闹、喧哗的气氛喧染极至，长句之后，蜂回路转，一个仅三个词的短句扑入读者的双目几乎沸腾的场面顿时凝固但其余音未绝，此时外表虽冷漠，内心却炙热难当。

2、句子开头的多样化

“主-谓-宾”、“主-系-表”是英语的基本句型，主语领先句也是用得最多的句型。写作中为避免形式单一，当句子可以用主语开头，同时又可以其它结构开头时，不妨变换一下。如：

(1)Defeated in the minor exchanges,I now play my queen of trumps.(分词短语做状语开头)

(2)There are two ways in which one can own a book.( there be句型开头)

(3)Equally important is a good habit of reading(表语开头)

以上各句都可以用主语开句，但在篇章中通过改变句子开头，文章就会疏落有致，语言形式丰富多采。

3、句子结构的多样化

写作中可以通过句型结构的变化来增添文采，强化表现力。如：

(l) The love of the liberty is the love of the others;the love of power ls thelove of ourselves.

(平行结构.这类结构整齐、紧凑;句子生动、鲜明，语义贯通、语势强劲有力。)

(2)The days when we suffered from oppression and exploitation are gone.(这样表达文字通顺，但语意不很突出。)

改为：Gone are the days when we suffered fron oppression andexploitation.

(采用倒装句结构后，充分体现出受剥削受压迫的人民解放后扬眉吐气的心情。)

三、观点切题结构合理

这是写作中最重要的要求之一它要求写作开门见山直入主题。如写一篇谈“健康重要性”的文章，提示是1、健康的重要性;2、保持健康的方法;3、我的看法。按要求文章应按三个自然段来写，而每段开头都必须是提示的内容，因此，三段可以这么开头：

l.Good health is important to everyone of us.

2.There are many ways which can help build up our health.

3.As for me，I like running as well as playing basketball and football.

除了开门见山以外，论述的内容必须与提示保持一致，否则文章的语言再好，也只能算是失败之作。一般来说，这类文章的每个自然段都由三部分组成，即主题句，论述句和结论句。主题句由提示给出，论述句提供观点来论证主题句，结论句则是总结、归纳、概括主提句的观点。

总之，要写出一篇好的英语作文不是一朝一夕就能做到的。除了借助以上方法之外，还需从平时入手，勤写多练，以提高自己的写作水平和语言表达能力。

The winter vacation is not so far from us.there are lots of thing I have done while this vacation.For one thing ,I have my lessons reviewed ,in order to improve the qulity of study.For the other thing,I wish I would be betterafter hard working with my course.at first, I must correct all my final examination paper. Secondly，I insist on reading English books and newspapers every day.I also keep on oral pratice.

In my spare time,I will take an active part in activitise.I can gain the first hand imformations through the activitise which can help me to extend my knowlege.

Im sure this vacation will be the best one for me.Let me try!

My plan for College life我的大学计划

Im extremely excited now ,In face of new envirenment of study and life ,I must make a good plan for it .我现在感到无比的兴奋，面对的学习和生活环境，我必须为此做个好的打算。

Study comes first so I should make new goal and improve my study method.Hard will I study in the college as I do now.It is also important to learn how to live by myself . I will join in various activities and try my best to manage the relationship with other classmates.学习是第一位的所以我要制定新的目标并改善我的学习方法。在大学里，我要像现在一样的努力学习。学会独立生活也同样重要，我要参加各种各样的活动，并尽我所能处理好和其他同学的关系。

No matter what I will meet in the future,happiness or sorrow,keep an optimistic attitud towards life and I believe that my college life will be colorfull as planned.不管我将在未来的日子里遇到什么，快乐或悲伤，对生活始终保持乐观的态度，我相信我的大学生活一定会像我想象的那样丰富多彩。

【words】

1、extremely 非常；极其；极端地

e.g. This task is extremely difficult.

2、improve 改善；增进

e.g. I want to improve my English.

3、various 各种各样的；多方面的

e.g. For various reasons Id prefer not to meet him.

4、manage 管理；经营；处理

e.g. His wife knows how to manage him when he is angry.

5、optimistic 乐观的；乐观主义的

e.g. We must never stop taking an optimistic view of life.

[英语作文我的大学计划

下面是小编为你带来的作文写作基础：应用文写作的语言，希望对你有帮助。

一、语言的特点

掌握应用文写作语言的特点，即语言的信实性、针对性、规范化和专门化

作者运用语言的能力，主要体现在对各种文体语言的敏感和自觉把握、开拓上。应用文因其要交流业务、传递信息、宣传政策、一探讨问题，甚至需录存凭证的实用要求，其语言必然具有一些自身的特点：

1、信实性

要使各种信息得到读者的信任，其语言就应信实可靠，去伪存真，弃浮留实，不言过其实，在真实中获得自己的生命。要做到语言的信实必须做到以下几点：

(1)要掌握表述的分寸。在当用与不当用、偏高与偏低、偏大与偏小之间加以区分;事物的范围、性质要描述和归纳得恰如其分。要求表述的含义清楚，词语的内涵、外延明确，一切会导致歧义、多义和似是而非的象征、隐喻等等都应在排除之列，以免引起误解而致误导。如"成绩"与"成就"之分，"错误"与"缺点"之分，"大多数"与"绝大多数"的不同，"部分"与"大部分"的界限。

(2)表现要诚达。"诚"，就是要求有实实在在的内容，不能空话连篇，言之无物;不能装腔作势，哗众取宠;"达"，就是要求语言能原原本本地把内容表达清楚，忌浮言、假话。如介绍商品，性质、功能、售后服务、价格等都须实事求是，不吹嘘、不护短，才能在感情上取得顾客的信任。那些"王婆卖瓜，自卖自夸"的花言巧语，那种动辄"领导世界新潮流"、"誉满全球"的陈词滥调只会失信于读者，最终削弱商品的竞争力。

(3)数字要精确，字词运用要恰当。借助极富科学性和说服力的数字，发现问题、分析问题、解决问题。但应慎重，不能混用。如数字发生变化时表达要清楚，"增加了多少"与"增加到多少"并不一样;有关数字的词语要概念明确，比如"以上"、"以下"、"不足"、"超过"、"小于"、"大于"的用法不应给读者造成疑窦，如不要在"100公斤以上的"、"100公斤以下的"之后给读者留下"100公斤的"该怎么办的问号。

2、针对性

即看对象说话。许多应用文的语言，受客观环境和政策法规的制约，都应看准表述对象，因人、因事、因时、因地而异，不可千篇一律。给领导看的，要求语言庄重，文字简约;给群众看的，则要求深入浅出，语言通俗;介绍一件商品，要注意具体的对象、环境、内容和要求，做到随机应变，以获得最佳的传播效果。针对性强，就能使文章有的放矢，有助于解决问题。

3、规范化和专门化

应用写作的语言不同于其他写作，以书面语言为主。尤其在某些文种中，如命令等，只能用书面语言而不能掺杂其他语体，并大量使用规范化、专门化的词语。体现出以下特点：

(1)具有词语的稳定性与选择性的统一。所谓词语的稳定性，是指某些固定的词语相对稳定地使用于某些应用文。如介绍信的开头总以"兹有"开启下文，许多公文的结尾都以"特此"收束全文。所谓词语的选择性大多数的应用文都有一套比较固定的规范性习惯用语，供人们在写作时选用。这些习惯用语多用于应用文的标题、开头、引文、过渡与结尾处。例如：开头用语中的鉴于、为、为了、由于、遵照、按照、根据、随着、兹有、奉、近来等;结尾用语中的本、为荷、为要、为盼、此令、此复、希即遵照执行、希酌情办理、现予公布。特此函达、以上报告，请审核、当否，请批示、以上妥否，请指示等。

(2)具有句法的稳定性和灵活性的统一。所谓句法的稳定性，是指某些类型的句子在应用文中占有很大的分量。如总结中要汇报情况，请示时要阐述原因，求职信中要作自我介绍等，主要使用陈述句。应用文在有所陈述的基础上，往往要提要求，无论是上级对下级，还是下级对上级。如"以上通知，请遵照执行"，"以上请求，望领导批准为荷"等等。所谓句法的灵活性，是指在稳定性的基础上，适当地求新、求变。灵活恰当地选用句式，可使行文变化多姿，从而增强文章语言的表达效果，增强文章的外在美。例如，对事物下定义时宜用长单句、判断句;叙述事物时宜用短句;发号施令时宜用短句、单句、主动句。总之，选用什么样的句式，要根据表述内容灵活掌握。

(3)力求简洁，具有庄重感。应用文中，经常使用一些文言词语，如常用的有"经、业经、业已、兹、兹有、兹将、特、者、荷、取、于、而、则、为、为此、与之、依、逾、至、其、亦、以、尚、须、未、予、示、之……"，可增强文章的庄重感。

(4)用图式替代语言文字。图式包括图、画、符号、照片、表格、公式等。在应用文特别是科技应用文中大量使用，成为一种常见的辅助书面语言，从而形成应用文语言的又一大特色。

二、语言运用的要求

掌握语言运用的基本要求，即：语言要准确清晰、简洁明了、平实自然、得体妥帖、生动具体

1、准确清晰

准确，即用最恰当的词语和句子如实反映客观事物，表达作者思想。清晰，是指表达时要条理清楚，意思明白。具体应做到：

(1)用词造句要准确。用词准确是指能把握词语遣用的分寸感和合适度。应精选中心词，用准修饰语。能仔细辨析同义词、近义词的用法，对词义轻重。范围宽窄、程度深浅、感情褒贬、语体雅俗、词性差别等都能烂熟于心、姻熟于手。如："分散"和"涣散"都有"不集中"的意思，"涣散"是具有贬义性质的形容词;"分散"是具有中间性质的动词。"士气涣散"就准确，"士气分散"就不准确。另外，应用文常用数字说明问题，揭示事物之间的数量关系，所以数字运用要准确无误。

(2)用词造句要通顺。指合乎语法，合乎逻辑。通顺也是实现语言准确的保证。

(3)要注意语意鲜明。有时由于特殊需要，还必须使用一些模糊语言，即用一些在外延上不确定、表意比较含糊，以及在运用上具有弹性的词语，如"近年来"、"各地"、"时有"、"大多数"。"有关部门"、"条件许可时"等。该类词语使用恰当，不仅能增加行文的灵活性，而且有助于准确地表达意思，但应谨慎使用。

2、简洁明了

(1)简洁。所谓简洁，就是用较少的文字清楚表达较多、较丰富的内容。要抓住问题的关键，把话说到点子上。主要应做好以下四点：

一要善于观察事物，深刻理解事物，明确认识写作对象，把握住问题的关键。

二要反复锤炼，提高概括能力，杜绝堆砌修饰语现象;适当使用缩略语，如"五讲四美"等。

三要删除一切套话、空话、意思重复的话，向繁冗开刀。克服繁琐冗长的毛病是语言简洁的前提。

四要适当地采用文言词语及短语。文言词语(包括成语、典故)行文简练，富有表现力，写作时适当采用，言简意赅。然而，"简"要得当，"简"得让人不明白或产生歧义也不行。绝不能为简而生造词语。乱缩略、滥用文言以及一概排斥某些行文必需的程式化语句。(2)明了。所谓明了，就是指明明白白、清清楚楚，一是一，二是二。要做到明了，一是要考虑周到，言尽意止;二是要注意用词通俗，不用生僻晦涩的字句;三是在运用数字的时候，只须写出计算的结果，而不须表述具体的计算过程。

3、平实自然

应用文用语应平易通俗，浅显流畅。说明事实、讲清道理即可。不搞"曲笔"，不作夸饰，不堆砌辞藻，不追求华丽，不矫揉造作，不用生僻词语，以明白、实在、自然为上。

4、得体妥帖

(1)得体。应用文实用性强，讲究得体。主要应做到以下三点：

一是要适合特定的文体。按文体要求遣词造句，用词、语气、语体风格应符合特定的要求。保持该文体的语言特色和语言风格。如公文宜庄重，调查报告须平实，学术论文应严谨，祝谢哀问需较浓的感情色彩，广告就常用模糊的语言，使用说明书则需具体实在，商业交际文书语言要委婉，合同书的语言则要精确，颁布政策法令应庄重严肃，报喜祝捷要热烈欢快，提出申请该委婉平和，分析问题须有理有据。

二是语言适用于所写的应用文体的需要，做到需要文雅时，决不粗俗;需要委婉时，决不直露;需要明确时，决不含糊;需要模糊时，决不精确。

三是要考虑作者自己的身份，阅读的对象，约稿的单位，写作的目的，甚至还要考虑到与客观环境的和谐一致、恰到好处。比如需要登报或张贴的，语言要通俗易懂;需要宣读或广播的，语言应简明流畅，便于朗读;书信的写作，要根据远近亲疏、尊卑长幼的关系使用相应的语言;公文的写作要根据不同的文种和行文关系而使用相应的语言，否则就不得体。(2)妥贴。语言的妥帖则是指语言要合乎语法的一般规范。

5、生动具体

生动，即言词形象、逼真、有活力，能吸引人。应用文中有些文种的语言也是要求生动的，如讲话稿、调查报告、总结等。选择词语(尤其是动词的运用)时要精心，恰当、传神地运用一些修辞手法，如引用、比喻、拟人、排比等。如某篇调查报告中写当今择偶观时说："婚姻的含金量增大了。"就十分传神。语言具体，可使文章内容有血有肉，说理深刻有力。其关键在于对事物的仔细观察和深入了解。

在学习英语写作之前先来看下练习写作对你的英文有什么样的帮助：

好处1、辅助提升口语语言组织力

好处2、提升语法

好处3、帮助背单词和句型。

了解到联系英语写作带来的好处后让我们来看看学习英语写作有哪些方法：

零基础英语写作入门方法一：背单词

单词是英语写作的基本构成之一，拥有大量的词汇才能写出你想要的文章，背单词有很多方法用mp3在零碎的时间边听边背边写，还有单词前后缀记忆法等众多方法，只要掌握其中一种适合你的方法，就开始大量的充实你的词汇吧。

零基础英语写作入门方法二：语法

语法是将单词串联在一起变成文章的那根线，学习好语法是整个英语阅读的重中之重。推荐熟读语法俱乐部，同时搭配大量的阅读自己感兴趣的文章，在大量的语境中去领受感悟本书的妙处。

零基础英语写作入门方法三：长时间的练习

写日记，这是最简单最长久的写作练习你不需要有任何的准备，这是你会接触到最基础的写作练习，你可以写任何你感兴趣的事情，你要做的就是拿起笔和本子把自已生活上的点点滴滴用英文记录下来。下面就是我的第一篇英文日记！

"today i rest,i stayed at home.sister call me go to the mother.i want not go there,because i must go to the company .去领 clothes.刚刚上完课come back.at home i find my 皮 shoes.now 要穿皮shoes了,write 日记好搞笑，还可以写点english了,i believe 以后 i sure i会更好。”

大家可能会看不懂这篇文章。你可能会觉得很好，说老实话当我现回过头去看我以前的日记我看了也觉得很好笑。但这就是我的第一篇英文日记，我的英文写作就是从这里开始的。你会发现写得非常直白，简直就是中文翻译毫无语法可言。但没有关系每个人开始都是这样的。

在写日记的开始阶段，你可能会像我这样不知道怎么去写或跟本无法组织语言，你可以像我这样按自已大脑里中文的想法去写，把会的单词都写上去不会的就用中文代替。在这个阶段你更多的是在使用你所学的词汇，有时候你会觉得这样很好玩。每天坚持写一篇，慢慢的你会发现你用的中文越来越少了有时候整篇文章都可以用英文写出来，随着你英语学习的进度不断推进，你在写句子的时候你不会直译了，你开始吧语法考虑到你的语言组织里面去。

当你要表边一个句子又找不到这个单词的时候，这种映像会深深的印在你的脑海里，当你在收集单词时候你就会注意收集那些非常实用的单词了。你会背更多的单词因为你想终有一天我的整篇文章是用英文写的。对于初期的写作，我认为就是这样写吧，请注意兴趣的培养。