状语

A)如果你不……，你就会…… If you dont …， youll …

例︰If you dont keep working hard, youll lose the chance。

如果你不坚持努力工作，你就会失去这次机会。

B) 如此 ……，以至于…… so … that …

例：At that moment, I was so upset that I wanted to give up。

当时，我非常伤心，最后都想放弃了。

C) 每当我听到……我就忍不住感到兴奋。Whenever I hear …， I cannot but feel excited。

每当我做……我就忍不住感到悲伤。 Whenever I do …， I cannot but feel sad。

每当我想到……我就忍不住感到紧张。Whenever I think of …， I cannot but feel nervous。

每当我遭遇……我就忍不住感到害怕。Whenever I meet with …， I cannot but feel frightened。

每当我看到……我就忍不住感到惊讶。Whenever I see …， I cannot but feel surprised。

例：Whenever I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot but feel sad。

= Every time I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot help feeling sad。

每当我想到我家附近那一条清澈的小溪我就忍不住感到悲伤。

英语写作当中经常会用到“……很重要”这一句式，一般考生会用something be important/essential的词汇表达。不过学了比较状语从句以后，大家可以试着用一种更高级的表达方式，一定会让阅卷老师眼前一亮，作文高分就不在话下啦。

箴言仿写：Cultivation is to the mind what food is to the body.

——M·T·Cicero

上述句子可以概括为A is to B what C is to D.替换ABCD四个名词就可以用来表达“重要性”这一概念。

【例句】

★ 人生态度——乐观与悲观

A positive attitude is to life what the sun is to the earth.积极的态度对于生活，好比太阳对于地球一样。

★ 谈读书

Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body.阅读对于思想，好比运动对于身体一样。

★ 赡养父母——家庭

Family is to the people what life is to the individual.家庭对于人类，好比生活对于个人一样。

★ 投诉信

Cleanness is to the canteen what reputation is to the people.清洁对于食堂来说，好比名誉对于人一样。

★ 谈诚信

Honesty is to the people what life is to the creature.诚信对于人来说，好比生命对于人一样。

比较状语(倍数表达法)：

A+ be+倍数+as many/much as+ B

A+ be+倍数+the amount+ B

A+ be+倍数+what it was+ B

【例句】

★ 从1999年到2009年，奢侈品的销售增长了3倍。

①The sale of luxuries doubled from the end of 1999 to 2009.

②The sale of luxuries increased three times/three-fold from the end of 1999 to 2009.

③A three-fold increase was seen in the sale of luxuries from the end of 1999 to 2009.

④There was a three-fold increase in the sale of luxuries from the end of 1999 to 2009.

【写作练习】

定语从句与状语从句的写作方法指南：合并简单句!

1.通过指代关系合并简单句为定语从句

【例句】

★ 故事发生于19世纪末期。那个时候，中国正遭受西方列强的蹂躏。

A: The story happened in the late 19th century.

B: At that time, China was suffering from the invasion of western powers.

→合并为定语从句：The story happened in the late 19th century when China was suffering from the invasion of western powers.

2.通过逻辑关系合并简单句为状语从句

【例句】

★ 这个问题很复杂。我们花了近两周的时间才把它搞定。

A: The problem was very complicated.

B: It took us nearly two weeks to solve it.

→合并为结果状语从句The problem was so complicated that it took us nearly two weeks to solve it.

长难句虽然是考研[微博]复习中让很多考生都头疼的一部分，但可以说是无处不在的，不仅仅是阅读理解和翻译题中，需要我们去读懂并理解，更重要的是在作文题中，准确精彩地写出几个长难句，往往会让你的作文增色不少，也是你作文制胜的重要砝码，所以考研英语要想拿高分，千万不能忽视长难句哦。

1.主句+before/after引导的时间状语从句

【例句】It may be many years before the situation improves.这种状况或许要过很多年才能得到改善。

2.主句+since引导的时间状语从句

【用法】since从句常用一般过去时，谓语是短暂性动词时，表示该动作的开始;谓语是延续性动词时，表示该动作或状态的结束。

【例句】It was three weeks since he was ill.他的病已经好了三周了。

3.主句+because/as/since引导的原因状语从句

【例句】The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to

his wife.那位老人让露西挪到另外一张椅子上，因为他想跟他的妻子挨着坐。

4.主句+(al)though/as/while/even though/even if引导的让步状语从句

【例句】Although regular exercise is very important, it’s never a good idea to exercise too

close to bedtime.尽管经常锻炼很重要，但在临睡前锻炼绝对不是个好主意。

5.主句+so that/in order that/in case引导的目的状语从句

【例句】I’ll run slowly so that you can catch up with me.为了能让你赶上我，我会慢慢跑。

6.主句+if/unless/as long as引导的条件状语从句

【例句】I shall go tomorrow unless it rains.如果不下雨，我明天去。

7.主句+as soon as/directly/immediately等引导的时间状语从句 一……就……

【例句】Directly our maths teacher came in, everyone was quiet.我们的数学老师一进来，大家就都安静下来了。

1.If...did/were...， 主语+would/should/could/might do...

【用法】表示与现在事实相反的假设。从句用一般过去时，主句谓语动词用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。

【例句】If I were eleven years younger, I would dance as well as them.如果我年轻11岁，我会跟他们跳得一样好。

2.If...had done...，主语+would/should/could/might have done...

【用法】表示与过去事实相反的假设。从句用过去完成时，主句谓语动词用“would/should/could/might+have+过去分词”。

【例句】If we had taken the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.如果我们走了另一条路的话，或许就能及时赶到这里开会了。

3.If...did/were to do/should do...，主语+would/should/could/might do...

【用法】表示与将来事实相反的假设。从句谓语动词用过去式、“should+动词原形”或“were to+动词原形”，主句谓语动词用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。

【例句】If it were fine tomorrow, I would go shopping.如果明天天气好，我就去购物。

4.If...had done...， 主语+would do...

If...should do...， 主语+would have done...

【例句】If he had set out earlier, he would be home now.如果他早点出发的话，他现在就已经到家了。

5.Should/Were/Had+(从句)主语+谓语，主句

【用法】if引导的虚拟条件句的谓语动词中含有should, were, had时，可将if省略，而将should, were, had提前，构成倒装。

【例句】Should it happen(=If it should happen), what would you do?如果真发生了这样的事，你怎么办?

6.With/Without/But for+名词，主语+虚拟语气形式的谓语...

【用法】句子的虚拟条件是通过词或短语如with， without， otherwise, but for等来表示的。

【例 句】But for the help of my English teacher, I would not have won the first prize in the English Writing Competition.如果没有英语老师的帮助，我不可能在英语写作比赛中获得一等奖。

7.主句+as if+(从句)主语+did/had done...

【用法】as if引导的从句常用虚拟语气，用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反的情况;用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的情况。

【例句】She acted as if she had been the hostess yesterday.她昨天表现得就好像她是女主人似的。

A) 如果你不……，你就会…… If you dont …， youll …

例︰If you dont keep working hard, youll lose the chance.

如果你不坚持努力工作，你就会失去这次机会。

B) 如此 ……，以至于…… so … that …

例：At that moment, I was so upset that I wanted to give up.

当时，我非常伤心，最后都想放弃了。

C) 每当我听到……我就忍不住感到兴奋。Whenever I hear …， I cannot but feel excited.

每当我做……我就忍不住感到悲伤。 Whenever I do …， I cannot but feel sad.

每当我想到……我就忍不住感到紧张。Whenever I think of …， I cannot but feel nervous.

每当我遭遇……我就忍不住感到害怕。Whenever I meet with …， I cannot but feel frightened.

每当我看到……我就忍不住感到惊讶。Whenever I see …， I cannot but feel surprised.

例：Whenever I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot but feel sad.

= Every time I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot help feeling sad.

每当我想到我家附近那一条清澈的小溪我就忍不住感到悲伤。

1)时间：

when， not…until(直到…才…)， as soon as(一…就…)

2)目的：

so that + clause; (为了)

3)结果：

so…that…(如此…以至于…)， too…to do(太……以至于……)

4)条件：

if， unless(除非)， as long as(只要)

5)比较：

as…as…(与…一样)， not so…as…， than

(5)认真检查，检查信息点是否全面，时态、人称是否一致，句子结构是否清晰，短语使用、单词拼写是否准确等。

检查后，将草稿誊写在纸上，请注意按结构分段，书写清晰。

下面列举一些在检查中可发现的错误：

We livemore and more comfortable.

改正：comfortably(副词修饰动词)

2.we can getmany informations by reading newspapers.

改正：much information (不可数名词由much修饰)

3.There willhave a football game tomorrow.

改正：There will be a football game tomorrow.(Therebe句型的将来时结构)

4.I thinkride a bike can keep our health.

改正：I think riding a bike can keep us healthy.(动名词作主语)

掌握了以上的写作方法和技巧，建议同学们多练习或模仿不同题材的文章，正如一句格言“No pains，no gains.”所述，相信参加小升初的学子们只要能够坚持反复的写作磨练与付出就一定能在来年的择校考中写出一篇能够展示内心世界之美的英语作文。

1.时间：when, not…until, as soon as

2.目的：so that从句; to do(为了)

3.结果：so…that 从句, too…to do(太……以至于……)

4.条件：if, unless(除非), as long as(只要)

5.让步：though, although, even though, even if ，no matter what/when/where/who/which/how

6.比较：as…as…, not so…as…, than

1. 时间状语从句：

在一个句子中作时间状语的句子。

时间状语从句的连接词：when(当…...时候)，while(当...…时候) as(当...…时候)，after(在…...以后)，before(在...…以前) as soon as(一...…就......)，since(自从...…到现在)，till/until(直到…...才......)，by the time(到...…的时候)

例如：

Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.

莫扎特四岁时开始创作音乐。

2. 条件状语从句：

在一个句子中作条件状语的句子。

条件状语从句的连接词：if， unless(除非)，as long as(只要)

例如：If it doesn’t rain tomorrow， we will go hiking.

如果明天不下雨，我们将去远足。

注意：在时间和条件状语从句中，一定要符合“主将从现”原则。如上面例句，条件状语 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow用一般现在时，主句we will go hiking用一般将来时。

3. 原因状语从句：

在一个句子中作原因状语的句子。

原因状语从句的连接词：because， since， as，now that

例如：I didn’t go to school yesterday because I was ill.

因为我生病了，所以昨天没去上学。

1.I wont believe what he says.一般

No matter what he says, I wont believe.特殊

2.If you come back before six oclock, you can go out.一般

You can go out on condition that you come back before six oclock. 特殊

3 If she doesnt agree, what shall we do? 一般

Supposing that she doesnt agree, what shell we do ?特殊

在很多年的书面表达中都有表达地点的句子，一个建筑位于什么位置，或什么地方有什么东西，都可以应用倒装。

例如在2006年的全国卷中，图书馆位于学校的中央，Our library is in the center of our school.变成倒装就用地点状语开头：In the center of our school lies our library.

表达“河岸上有很多花”：On the bank stand some flowers.

“天空中繁星点点”：In the sky hang little stars.

在表达地点时，把地点状语放在句首，后面主谓倒装。这样做的好处之一是倒装本身就是高级结构，第二是倒装后把真正的主语放到了句子的末尾，后面还可以继续加从句，使整个句子再呈现更多的亮点。

例如In the center of our school lies our library，which is between the garden and the teaching building.

1.—Where was your brother at this time last night?—He was writing an e-mail ___I was watching TV at home.

A.as soon as B.after C.until D.while

2.The film “Kung Fu Panda” is___interesting__I would like to see it again. A.such,that B.too,to C.as,as D.so that

3.Tom will call me as soon as he ___home. A.gets B.has got C.got D.will get

4. We will have no water to drink___we don’t protect the earth. A.until B.before C.though D.if

5.We won’t start the meeting ___our teacher arrives. A.though B.until C.while D.or

6.Bob promises to join in the football match____he has to help his parents on the farm..

A. if  B.as C. unless  D. when

7.___it’s difficult to make her dream come ture, she never gives up. A.Though B.Unless C.Because D.If

8.---Could you tell me when Mr. Li___in Huanggang?---Sure. When he ___, I’ll call you.

A.arrives; will arrive B.will arrive; arrives C.arrives; arrives D.will arrive; will arrive

9.In summer, food goes bad easily__it is put in the refrigerator. A.until B.if C.unless

10.A moment, please. I’m checking if Mr. Smith__free tomorrow. A.is B.being C.to be D.will be

11.I didn’t go to bed __my mother came back late last night.A.so; B.until C.though

12.Hurry up,___you will miss the early train. A. or B.and C.if D.unless

13.---Tommy, do you know if Frank___to the theatre with us this Sunday if it ___?---Sorry, I have no idea.

A.will go, is fine; B.goes, is fine C.will go, is going to be fine D.goes; will be fine

14.What a beautiful painting it is! I’ve never seen ___painting. A.such a B.a C.such D.this better

15.I don’t know __he will come tomorrow.___he comes, I’ll tell you.

A.if, Whether B.whether, Whether C.if, That D.if, If

【相关成语】大仁大义、孤恩负义、山穷水断、断脰决腹、断金零粉、断雨残云、三皇五帝、力挽狂澜、塞翁失马、庞然大物、捉襟见肘、无动于衷

【成语接龙】断章取义、义愤填胸、胸无点墨、墨守成规、规贤矩圣、圣人之年、年谷不登、登坛拜将、将勤补拙、拙贝罗香、香草美人、人稠物穰、穰穰满家、家常茶饭、饭来张口、口角春风、风信年华、华屋山丘、丘山之功、功薄蝉翼、翼翼飞鸾、鸾凤分飞、飞鸟惊蛇、蛇蟠蚓结、结草衔环、环肥燕瘦、瘦羊博士、士死知己、己溺己饥、饥附饱扬、扬威耀武、武艺超群、群雄逐鹿、鹿走苏台、台阁生风、风驰雨骤、骤风暴雨、雨卧风餐、餐风啮雪、雪兆丰年、年谊世好、好说歹说、说是谈非、非驴非马、马上看花、花街柳市、市道之交、

交臂相失、失张失志、志同道合、合二为一、一无所有、有气无烟、烟聚波属、属词比事、事以密成、成一家言、言重九鼎、鼎成龙升、升堂拜母、母难之日、日暮途远、远谋深算、算沙抟空、空穴来风、风平浪静、静言庸违、违利赴名、名目繁多、多言繁称、称名道姓、姓甚名谁、谁是谁非、非亲非故、故土难离、离本徼末、末如之何、何所不至、至亲骨肉、肉眼凡夫、夫唱妇随、随意而行、行尸走肉、肉眼凡胎、胎死腹中、中饱私囊、囊中羞涩、涩于言论、论功行赏、爽心悦目、目瞪口呆、呆若木鸡、鸡犬升天、天壤之别、别开生面、面红耳赤、赤胆忠心、心直口快、快言快语、语重心长