英语写作素材之常用经典名言【实用20篇】

导语：一个不懂宽容的人，将失去别人的尊重，一个一味地宽容的人，将失去自己的尊严。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的相关作文素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

宽容，可以用爱和真诚来温暖他人的心灵，能帮助我们做一个和和气气、大大方方的人。

曾经，我在一本书上面看到过一个寓言故事：是说有一个人骑着一匹骏马，另一个骑着普通的马的人一起行走。普通的马不知为何咬了骏马一口，骏马血流不止，但若无其事行走自如，并没有和普通的马一起撕咬。后来普通的马回到家中，不吃草，也不饮水，浑身颤颤巍巍。骏马主人知道后说：“他可能是因为咬了骏马而感到羞愧，不如把它牵来，让它们相互理解就好了。”把普通的马牵来后，让它们共同饮食，共同奔跑，不多会，普通的马就好了。这只是一个小故事，却揭示了宽容的基本含义。

在人生的道路上，我们人与人之间发生的不仅仅是马与马之间简简单单的事。在学校打架斗殴的事件基本都是一件小事引起的。在寓意中，那匹骏马没有以同样的方式来还击普通的马，而是明智的选择了宽容，最终它们和好如初。相反，如果骏马同普通的马一起撕咬，那么结果就有可能是头碰血流，两败俱伤。而我们和马不同，我们可以达到马达不到的境界。既然如此，我们为什么不能多多的理解他人，宽容他人哪?

宽容，还代表着对日常生活事件的处理上，而且不计较个人过失。从古至今，没有一个心胸狭窄的人能成大事。宽容，应是每个人都遵循的原则。拥有一颗宽容的心，可以让人进入一个神清气爽的境界，让人拥有乐观的人生。

安德鲁~马修斯说过：“一个人脚跟踩扁了紫罗兰，而它却把香味留在脚跟上。”这就是宽容。让我们告别狭隘之心，用宽容之心包容一切，学做那留人清香的紫罗兰。

关于宽容的名人名言

1、最高贵的复仇之道是宽容。——法雨果

2、最高贵的复仇是宽容。——雨果

3、自出洞来无敌手，得饶人处且饶人。——(宋)善棋道人《绝句》

4、开诚心，布大度。——康有为《上清帝第一书》

5、宽宏精神是一切事物中最伟大的。——欧文

6、宽容并不是姑息错误和软弱，而是一种坚强和勇敢。——中国周向潮

7、与人为善就是善于宽谅。——(美)弗罗斯特《新罕布什尔》

8、遇方便时行方便，得饶人处且饶人。——(明)吴承恩《西游记》

9、宽容就如同自由，只是一味乞求是得不到的，只有永远保持警惕，才能拥有。汪国真《宽容与刻薄》

10、宽容就像天上的细雨滋润着大地。它赐福于宽容的人，也赐福于被宽容的人。——莎士比亚名剧《威尼斯商人》

11、只有勇敢的人才懂得如何宽容;懦夫绝不会宽容，这不是他的本性。——美斯特恩

12、紫罗兰把它的香气留在那踩扁了它的脚踝上。这就是宽怒。——马克吐温

13、宽容意味着尊重别人的任何信念。——爱因斯坦

14、宽容与刻薄相比，我选择宽容。因为宽容失去的只是过去，刻薄失去的却是将来。——佚名

15、人们应该彼此容忍：每一个人都有弱点，在他最薄弱的方面，每一个人都能被切割捣碎。——济慈

16、人心不是靠武力征服，而是靠爱和宽容征服。——(俄罗斯)斯宾诺莎

17、世界上最宽阔的是海洋，比海洋更宽阔的是天空，比天空更宽阔的是人的胸怀。——法·雨果

18、生活中有许多这样的场合：你打算用忿恨去实现的目标，完全可能由宽恕去实现。西德尼·史密斯

19、如果别人已不宽容，就不要去使劲儿乞求宽容，乞求得来的宽容，从来不是真正的宽容。——佚名

20、忍一句，息一怒，忍一事，少一事。——中国谚语

蚯蚓早就听蝼蚁说：地面上太阳太美丽，只要到地面上看到光明就能看到太阳，也许我就能触摸到太阳。一天蚯蚓无事可做就钻出地面，那天晴空万里，阳光普照。蚯蚓刚一露头就暴露在火辣辣的阳光中，蚯蚓一看到阳光就想触摸太阳，它用尽力气也无法脱离地面。最后累得半死也没有触摸到太阳，蚯蚓只好灰溜溜地钻回地下。

我也经常做这样的事情，时常充满激情去生活，看似给自己定下长远目标，可是当自己准备行动时，却发现目标遥不可及，面对条条大路不知哪一条路属于自己，因为太遥远的目的地地图上是寻不到到达的路途。过于空洞的理想不如没有理想，一群鹿漫无目的的行走在草原上可以吃饱，如果它们天天想着天河岸边的青草而不顾脚下青青河边草，终有一天会饿死。高远的理想谁都能立，但是到达目的地的人有几个，也不是没有人坚持过，很多人一生只做一件事，到头来还是抱恨终生，为什么，我个人觉得要么是目标太高超过了自己的能力范围，要么就是水中捞月。

中学时我有一同学天天和尖子生比成绩，不管什么时候都在不停地写啊算啊，一学期没上完因为严重的脑神经衰弱和精神压力而神经失常。现在每次从他家门口经过，看着他衣衫褴褛地站在路边木呆呆看着过往行人，我心中总是沉甸甸的，如果他像我们这些没心没肺的人一样，有多大力量干多大事，眉清目秀的他不会至今孑然一身无依无靠，甚至失去了做人的感觉。

一个人没有理想可悲，可是如果整天想着得道飞天，即使被摔得粉身碎骨也在所不惜，这些人真的值得惋惜吗?古时一些秀才科举一生，一口鲜血喷在皇榜上，除了可伶的同情我没有其他情感。我想如果老学究们改投他行，可能历史上会多出现几个陶朱公。

所以我认为没有理想的生活是没有激情的，但不切实际的理想是要命的，对家人对自己都没有好处可言。故而自己制定计划时不可一味追求高大上，要根据自己的客观条件稍稍超过自己的能力范围是非常可取的。

在考研英语的小作文部分，历年考试大纲中都会列出多种应用文类型，投诉信、建议信、申请信、求职信、辞职信、求助信、感谢信、号召信、邀请信、道歉信等等，但是考生们回到具体的实践写作中，翻阅近几年考研英语真题试卷，常常发现这些归为一大类，终究是书信形式。既然书信写作如此重要，下面就为各位考生带来书信写作的攻克大招，让写作变得无比简单。

一、书信写作总体概述

1.首段

1)问候收信人

例：Dear Sir/Madam

2)解释来信原因

例：I’m writing for ……

2.中间段落

1)阅读题干要求，从中寻找名词或动词

例：Write a letter of application according to the following situation. You saw an advertisement in this morning’s newspaper .A company need’s a secretary and you are interested. Write an application letter to that company.

2)注意题目文字暗示，把名词具体化，把动词近义词化。

例：I am pleased to discover from Beijing Youth that your company is calling for a secretary……

3.结尾段落

例：I would appreciate your assistance in this matter. If you have any question , please don’t hesitate to contact me. I can be reached at...Look forward to your reply.

4.署名

在文章右下角署名，一般格式为：Yours sincerely……

二、书信写作分类讲解(写作脉络)

1.投诉信

投诉信通常包括：说明投诉原因并表示遗憾，实事求是阐述问题发生的经过，指出问题引起的后果，提出批评及处理意见，督促对方采取措施，提出所希望的赔偿及补救方式。

2.建议信

建议信即写给某个组织或机构，就改进其服务质量提出建议忠告;或写给个人，就某一重大事件提出自己的看法、建议及观点。

3.道歉信

投诉信通常包括：表示歉意、阐明表示歉意的具体原因，提出补救办法，再次表示致歉，并希望得到谅解，提供合适的补救办法。(要注意语言的诚挚)

4.感谢信

感谢信中通常带有浓厚的感情色彩，是所有书信中最带有“人情味”的，该书信内容通常包括：表达感谢之情并说明原因--提及自己曾受到对方的帮助--再次感谢并表达回报愿望。

在2018考研的战场上，一分意味着上线与下线，一分意味着录取与非录取，所以，拼尽全力才有可能取得最终的胜利。预祝大家金榜题名，取得理想佳绩!

[考研英语书信写作方法

谈及写作训练,学生认为就是勤练笔,其实不然。英语的听、说、读、写四种能力是密切相关、相互渗透的。听和读是领会理解别人表达的思想,说和写是用言语表达思想。写的能力要在听、说、读的基础上进行培养和提高,而写的训练又能进一步提高听、说、读的能力。因此,写作训练应该贯穿于英语教学的全过程,才能真正提高学生的写作能力。

一、多读

“读是写的前提,写是读的升华”。一般而言,听和读的量必须数十倍地多于说和写的量,才能较自如地在口头上或书面上表达自己的思想。一方面,大量阅读可以提高阅读能力,扩大词汇量,另一方面,它还可以增强英语语感,对英语写作起着潜移默化的作用。只有当阅读量达到一定程度时,才能找到写好文章的语感。我们可以选择适合学生的读物,如英文报纸(《英语周报》、《21世纪报》)、杂志(《中学生英语园地》)、科普文章、书虫等(水平较高的学生可读小说原著)。大量阅读是学生接触英语语言材料、接受信息、活跃思维、增强记忆力的一种有效途径,同时也是培养学生英语思维能力、提高理解力、增强语感、巩固和扩大词汇量的一种有效方法,非常有利于写作。实践证明,学生平时课外阅读面越广,阅读量越大,运用英语表达的能力就越强。

二、多背

英语和汉语存在很大差异,语法规则和句子结构是不同的,很多学生在写作过程中难免会受到母语的影响,出现一些Chinglish(中式英语),而且有些语法规则也把握不准,谓语动词常出现“be+do”的错误形式或缺少谓语的现象。所以,背诵模仿是行之有效的手段之一。

(一)背课文

在多年的教学实践中,我坚持让学生背诵部分课文,较长的文章选背一两段,下节课抽查背诵,或进行默写。《新概念英语2》中很多英语短文通俗有趣,我给学生挑选其中一部分让他们背诵、默写,对培养学生的语感很有效。

(二)背范文

英语写作一般包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文及开放性作文写作。我经过筛选,找出每种文体各五篇文章,同时,我也注重搜集一些好的范文和习作要求学生背诵。通过熟背精彩段落,使学生逐步掌握英语基本的表达方法,有助于模仿。而且,通过这些范文,学生可熟练掌握各种体裁的写作技巧,这是学生写好作文的一条捷径。经过一段时间的训练,学生就会有内容可写、写得出来。

三、多写

除了以上对学生进行读、背训练,还要对学生进行动手训练。学生只有通过写才能知道自己的不足与缺陷,毕竟说和写是两回事。

(一)改写课文

教师可要求学生把Reading缩写成一篇一百字左右的短文,也可让学生把对话改写成记叙文(如项链),这也是进一步理解课文的手段。一般在学完一个单元,学生熟练掌握课文之后,再做这一步,让学生尽量使用本单元的短语句型,同时,也要学着套用背诵的句子。

(二)写英语周记

让学生写英语周记,这是很多老师训练学生写作的方法。有些英语写作不好的学生,往往不坚持写或应付了事。对这样的学生,教师要严格要求,督促检查。对学生的每篇周记,教师都要认真批改。周记不必拘泥于形式,学生可以自由发挥。开始可以写简单的几句话,要求学生多用学过的词组、句型,多套用和模仿。逐渐地,学生会写多些,也会越写越流利,错误也会越来越少。

(三)每周练习写一篇作文

教师挑选一至两篇习作打在投影仪上,师生共同修改,然后让学生将改写过的文章抄写在作文积累本上。这样日积月累,学生考前只要翻翻自己的“作文本”,即可胸有成竹,这个习惯一定要养成,对学生会有很大帮助。

(四)限时写作训练

近年高考试题包容量大,知识覆盖面广,这就要求学生在做题时必须注意速度和节奏,而高考书面表达从时间分配上看,最多也只能是30分钟左右的时间,学生必须在有限时间内完成作文,并且要意思连贯,无严重语法错误。为达到这一要求,每届学生从高一开始,就应定期做限时写作训练。

四、多积累

(一)积累词汇

词汇是说话写作的必需材料,掌握词汇量的多少,是衡量一个学生英语水平高低的“标尺”。《教学大纲》规定的词汇是最基本的词汇,必须熟记。我在多年的教学中,每堂课都坚持让学生默写或听写单词,要求学生根据中文意思,写出单词的拼写形式、词类和词形变化。这就使学生积累了大量的词汇,为高考书面表达打下坚实的拼写基础,避免了因单词拼写错误而丢分。

(二)积累句型

我在平时授课过程中,让学生把重点句型记录在作文积累本上,随时翻看和背诵。如写观点类文章常用的Some share the view that...,Others hold the opposite opinion that...,The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages,As far as I’m concerned,以及常用到的定语从句、倒装句、非限、非谓、同位语、强调句型等。

(三)积累文章

学生背过的篇章、写过的作文,尤其是各种体裁的范文习作,要分类整理粘贴在作文积累本上,经常拿出来朗读背诵。我教过的学生,都积累了大量的范文习作,考试时可做到有备无患。

通过长期的写作训练,我狠抓学生基本功,学生的写作水平明显提高。我所教班级在每次考试中书面表达平均分都在同类班级之上。总之,英语写作训练是综合能力训练之一,写作能力的提高需要通过循序渐进的训练才能达到。听、说、读、写几方面的训练是相辅相成的,它们互相促进、互相制约,在平时教学中教师要合理安排,有机穿插,这样才能让学生“下笔如有神”。

团结

(1)理论论据

三人一条心，其力之大可断金。

郭沫若《国庆颂》

互相取长补短，才能有进步。 毛泽东《整顿党的作风》

大家不能互相了解，正像一大盘散沙。 鲁迅《无声的中国》三兄四弟一条心，门前黄土变成金。 中国谚语

当坏人们聚成一团的时候，好人也必须联合起来，否则他们就会在微不足道的抵抗中一个个倒下，成为得不到同情的牺牲品。 [英]伯克《关于目前不满情绪根源的感想》

最弱者的力量如果联合起来，那也是非同小可的。 [古希腊]荷马《伊利昂记》

人道以合群为义，以合群而强。 康有为《物质救国论》

大家为一人，一人为大家。 [法]大仲马《三个火枪 手》

全世界无产者，联合起来。 [德]马克思、恩格斯《共产党宣言》

(2)事实论据

郭子仪、李光弼团结对敌

唐玄宗时，郭子仪和李光弼曾同是朔方节度使安思顺的属下部将。两人之间有矛盾，平时互不讲话。后来安禄山叛乱，郭子仪升任朔方节度使，统兵抵御。李光弼就成了郭子仪的部将。皇帝命令郭子仪率部出征，李光弼担心郭子仪会利用手中权力寻机报复。李光弼硬着头皮对郭子仪说：“我过去得罪您，是我的不是，今后不管处置我，我无怨言，只希望高抬贵手放过我妻儿”没等李光弼说完，郭子仪紧紧抱住李光弼，满眼流泪地说：“国家危急，百姓遭殃，正需要我们同心协力，眼下正需要你这样人才，此时，怎能计较个人恩怨？”

从此，郭李同心，将帅协力，在平息安史叛乱中，战功卓越著。维勒与李比希亲密无间

维勒和李比希都是19世纪德国杰出化学家。他们两人的性格迥异，李比希激烈，爽朗，风风火，像一团烈火；维勒平和、沉稳、文文静静，像一盆冷

水。但两个感情很好，亲密无间。他们密切配合，致力于科学研究。共同对无机化学、有机化学作出了贡献，同是有机化学的创始者。

李比希在自传中写道：“我的最好运气，就是有位志同道合的朋友。多年来我和这位朋友真诚合作，毫无隔阂手携手地向前，这一位行动时，那一位已经准备好。”

由于两人的真诚合作，因此，才创造出科学研究上的辉煌。

⑦成熟的麦子低垂着头，那是在教我们谦逊；一群蚂蚁能抬走大骨头，那是在教我们团结；温柔的水滴穿岩石，那是在教我们坚韧；蜜蜂在花丛中忙碌，那是在教我们勤劳。

②六个大国虽强大却并不团结，甚至隔岸观火，勾心斗角，居然被地处西北的秦国各个击破；

蚂蚁的分工与合作

蚂蚁是我们最常见的昆虫之一。在不大的蚂蚁家族中,有着复杂却又严格的分工与合作。蚁后,也叫蚁皇,是一族之主,专管产卵繁殖,一般一群只有一个。雄蚁,专与蚁后交配,交配后即死亡。工蚁,是蚁群中的主要成员,专司觅食、饲养幼蚁、侍候蚁后、搬家清扫等勤杂工作。兵蚁,个头较大,两颚发达,是蚁群中的保卫者,担负着本蚁群的安全,如有外蚁入侵,或争夺食物时,必誓死决斗。蚂蚁家族中的每一个成员既不多做也不少做,缺了其中任何一个环节都不行。蚂蚁家族正是凭借每一个成员的合作精神,才能生存下去。

把一滴水放到江河海洋里

相传佛祖释迦牟尼曾问弟子：“一滴水怎样才能不干涸”弟子们冥思苦想：“孤零零的一滴水，一阵风能把它吹没，一撮土能把它吸干，其寿命有几何怎么会不干呢”弟子们都回答不上来。释迦牟尼说：“把它放到江河海洋里去。”

A good laugh is sunshine in a house.令人愉快的欢笑是房间里的阳光。(英国小说家萨克雷。W.M.)

A man who is never satisfied with himself and whom therefore nobody can please.人要是从来不满意自己，就不会有人能够使他满意。(德国诗人歌德.J.W.)

A smile is ever the most bright and beautiful with a tear upon it. What is the dawn without its dew? The tear, by the smile is made precious above the smile itself.笑容带上泪珠总是最鲜艳、最娇美的。正如没有露水，还算什么清晨?而泪珠带上了笑容，就变得甚至比笑容还珍贵。(美国哲学家、教育家兰格。S.K)

All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只工作不娱乐使人愚钝。(英国作家贺维尔.)

Anticipating pleasure is also a pleasure.预期快乐本身也是一种快乐。(德国剧作家、诗人席勒.F.)

Better by far you should forget and smile than that you should remem-ber and be sad.笑一笑而忘掉，比愁眉苦脸地记住要好得多。(英国女诗人罗塞蒂.C.G. )

But headlong joy is ever on the wing. 轻率的快乐总是瞬息即逝。(英国诗人 弥尔顿.)

Energy is eternal delight.精力充沛是永恒的快乐。(美国诗人、艺术家布莱克.W.)

Everything considered, work is less boring than amusing oneself.不管怎样，娱乐比工作更令人乏味。(法国诗人 查尔斯.B.)

Human felicity is produced not so much by great pieces ofgoodfortune that seldom happen , as by little advantages thatoccurevery day.(Benjamin Franklin ,American president).与其说人类的幸福来自偶尔发生的鸿运，不如说来自每天都有的小实惠。(美国总统 富兰克林.B.)

Most folks are about as happy as they make up their mindstobe.(Abraham Lincoln ,American president)对于大多数人来说，他们认定自己有多幸福，就有多幸福。(美国总统 林肯.A.)

The secret of being miserable is to have leisure to botheraboutwhether you are happy or not.(George Bernard Shaw ,Britishdramatist)痛苦的秘密在于有闲功夫担心自己是否幸福。(英国剧作家 肖伯纳.G.)

The supreme happiness of life is the conviction that weareloved.(Victor Hugo , French novelist)生活中最大的幸福是坚信有人爱我们。(法国小说家 雨果.V.)

There is no dise on earth equal to the union of loveandinnocence.(Jean Jacques Rousseau, French thinker)人间最大的幸福莫如既有爱情又清白无暇。(法国思想家 卢梭.J.J.)

To really understand a man we must judge himinmisfortune.(Bonaparte Napoleon , French emperor)要真正了解一个人，需在不幸中考察他。(法国皇帝 拿破仑.B.)

We have no more center to consume happiness without producingitthan to consume wealth without producing it.(George Bernard Shaw,British dramatist)正像我们无权只享受财富而不创造财富一样，我们也无权只享受幸福而不创造幸福。(英国剧作家 肖伯纳.G.)

A lifetime of happiness ! No man alive could bear it ; it wouldbehell on earth.(G.Bernard Shaw ,British dramatist)终身幸福!这是任何活着的人都无法忍受的，那将是人间地狱。 (英国剧作家 肖伯纳.G.)

Happiness is form courage.(H.Jackson , British writer)幸福是勇气的一种形式。(英国作家 杰克逊.H.)

Happy is the man who is living by his hobby.(G.Bernard Shaw,British dramatist)醉心于某种癖好的人是幸福的。(英国剧作家 肖伯纳.G.)

Happiness lies not in the mere possession of money ; it liesinthe joy of achievement , in the thrill of creativeeffort.(FranklinRoosevelt , American president)幸福不在于拥有金钱，而在于获得成就时的喜悦以及产生创造力的激情。(美国总统 罗斯福.F.)

He laughs best who laughs last.远行者见闻多。(英国科学家雷伊.J.)

He who can conceal his joys is greater than he who can hide his griefs.能隐藏欢乐的人比能隐藏悲痛的人更了不起。(瑞士作家 拉瓦特)

I like the laughter that opens the lips and the heart, that shows at the same time pearls and the soul.我喜欢能不开启双唇和心扉的笑声，喜欢能展示皓齿和灵魂的笑声。(法国作家雨果)

I never condider ease and joyfulness as the purpose of life itself.我从来不认为安逸和欢乐就是生活本身的目的。(美国科学家爱因斯坦)

I wish to preach, not the doctrine of ignoble ease, but the doctrine of the strenuous life.我愿宣扬的信条是艰苦奋发的生活，而不是卑微低下的安逸。(美国政治家罗斯福.T.)

It is a curious fact that in bad days we can very vividly recall the good time that is now no more; but that in good days we have only a very cold and imperfect memory of the bad.奇怪得很，人们在倒楣的时候，总会清晰地回忆已经逝去 快乐时光，但是在得意的时候，对恶运时光只保有一种淡漠而不完全的记忆。(德国哲学家叔本华)

It is a poor heart that never rejoices.永远不快乐的心很可悲。(英国小说家马里亚特)

Joys are our wings, sorrows are our spurs.欢乐是人们的双翼，哀愁是人们发愤的动力。(法国作家里克特.J.P)

Labor is often the father of pleasure.劳动常常是快乐之父。(法国哲学家、历史学家伏尔泰)

One of the greatest pleasure in life is conversation.生活中最大的乐趣之一是交谈。(美国作家史密斯L.P.)

Perfect understanding will sometimes almost extinguish pleasure.完全的理解有时几乎会使乐趣消失。(英国学者、诗人豪斯曼.A.E.)

Never less idle than when wholly idle, nor less alone than when wholly alone.要清闲就完全清闲，要清静就完全清静。(英国诗人克莱尔J.)

People who cannot find time for recreation are obliged sooner or later to find time for illness.腾不出时间娱乐的人，早晚会被迫腾出时间生病。(美国商人 霍梅克.J.)

Pleasure is nothing else but the intermission of pain, the enjoying of something I am in great trouble for till I have it.快乐不过是痛苦的间歇，享受之前要进行艰苦的努力。(英国法学家 塞尔登.J.)

Praise is ilde sunlight to the human spirit, we cannot flower and grow without it.对于人的精神来说，赞扬就像阳光一样，没有它我们便不能开花生长。(英国作家 格林.G.)

如果你是有心人，就会发现“春城无处不飞花”。

(一)课本素材的积累与运用。

从小学到初中，我们学过数十册语文、政治、历史、地理等教材，它们理应成为我们作文素材的“天然粮仓”。2011年绍兴一位考生的作文《微笑着，去唱生活的歌谣》，借高尔基笔下海燕的“微笑”立意，请欣赏：

……那是一个怎样坚毅的微笑啊!灰色的头颅上一双机敏的眼睛，燃烧着热情的火焰。黑色的喙透着不屈，突然，它的嘴角好像微微翘起。或许是被海风吹得麻木了，或许是被浪花打得疲惫了，但我更愿意相信这正是海燕的微笑……

作者机智地对课本素材进行拓展，把高尔基笔下海燕的飞行姿态“加工”得无比英武，并从拟人化的“微笑”中抽象出“坚忍不拔”作为自己的精神追求，恰到好处。

(二)经历素材的积累与运用。

个性化的经历是宝贵财富，积累经历丰富库存是选材出新的必备。考场上这类独特素材的运用方法有：

1.从群体性生活中提取个性化感悟。例如2012年长春文题“留得往事成回味”，有位考生从生活库存中迅速提取寄宿生活的苦事、趣事、乐事，奏响了一曲来自自身经历、不可“复制”的“交响乐”。

2.精心选取“物”为线索，连接生活片断，演绎主旨。例如2012年南通文题“就这样慢慢长大”，一考生精心选取3件物品——“一岁时穿的衣服”“跳芭蕾时穿的舞鞋”“装满玩具的小包”，叙述自己的成长经历，颇有新意。

3.从生活中提炼让自己动心的“情”为线索，穿越时空，连接场面。例如2012年天津市一考生的作文《以微笑珍藏曾经》，文章以“忧伤惆怅”“留恋伤感”“兴奋幸福”“微笑前行”作为情感脉络，选取紫色小花、老班训话、窗外蝉鸣、微笑往事、临别赠言作为情感依附，构思成文。请看片段：

随着6月25日的临近，我的初中生活，在某种意义上就要结束了。

听老班最后的训话，每个人都默默无语，仿佛都希望安静地记住也许下一秒便要失去的东西。窗外的阳光很灿烂，还有那夏天特有的蝉鸣。老师停下来时，偌大的教室显得出奇地静。

在这片难耐的安静中，我细细地重温了记忆中的初三。每天都在书山题海中埋头奋斗，偶尔抬头时与同桌相视一笑，胸口总有一种暖暖的感觉;每个清晨大家都带着黑眼圈互相打招呼，有时拍拍对方的肩膀说句“别累坏了，身体是革命的本钱哦”，脸上便会浮现出幸福的微笑……那些如夏日树叶般翠绿的日子，如今回想起来，都会升腾起透过阳光看清楚叶脉的那种兴奋，那种幸福。

站在开满紫色小花的树下，看树叶飘然落下，想起同学录上的那段话：“当未来的某一天我们各奔东西，也要记得彼此。因为那是属于我们的记忆，独一无二。”

……

微笑着回首，把记忆珍藏;微笑着前行，没有了忧伤。

(三)名著素材的积累与运用。

名著素材的运用主要有“缩写”(用于议论文例证)“改写”“续写”等形式。无论采用哪种形式，都需与原著中的人物“接通”，都要与时俱进，彰显时代气息。例如2012年青岛作文题为以“自我反省”为话题写作，一考生取题“反省殿”，讲述的是取经归来后3个徒弟的老毛病复发，唐僧要建“反省殿”约束他们，于是引出趣味横生的故事。文中，“下岗”“粉丝”“签名售书”“国家级贫困县”“肚皮舞”“公开招标”“豆腐渣工程”“拖欠农民工工资”等新词运用贴切，人物描写符合其性格特征，体现出针砭时弊、幽默风趣的特点，具有普遍的警示意义。

(四)名人素材的积累与运用。

这包括名人的经历、成就、精神、言论、诗句等，对此类素材的运用要把握三点：

1.引入古人素材要有新视角。2012年铜仁市作文题为“这也是一种美”，有位考生以“告别为美”立意，用3个小标题展开：“文成入蕃——告别不是悲伤，是和平的彩桥”;“勾践离国——告别不是悲伤，是坚毅的奋起”;“屈原投江——告别不是悲伤，是感人的忠心”。小作者所引历史名人虽人所共知，但融入了自己独特的思考，令人耳目一新。

2.当代名人的新鲜材料更能引人入胜。2012年安顺市作文题是以“心”为话题作文，有位考生以“享受心理平衡”为题写议论文，其中的一个分论点是“外在平衡决定于内在平衡，第一‘享受’的，应该是内心平衡”，论据引入平衡木世界冠军刘璇的答记者问，刘璇说：“16年中有成功，但更多的是失败。我得到的最大财富是学会了失败后怎样平衡心理，只有心理平衡，才能在平衡木上平衡。”切合论题，巧妙机智。

3.引入名人言论诗句要恰到好处，对诗词名句的“改装”需服从主题需要，体现个性。2012年连云港市作文题为“道路前面还是道路”，一考生选取的论据是：获得过两次诺贝尔奖的居里夫人把成功当做过眼烟云，将金质奖章给小女儿当做玩具，她说“我要让孩子知道，这一切并不是永恒的”。这样的名句与论点高度契合，说服力极强。又如2012年六盘水市作文题为“一路上有你陪伴”，一考生将陪伴者“你”定为“精神食粮”——书籍，“我”则是一个“书虫”，开篇为“‘懒虫，起床了，都8点了!’妈妈使劲推醒我。‘昨夜月朗星稀，沉读不知疲倦。试问催我人，却道懒虫一个。知否知否，读书趣味多多。我非懒虫，书虫也!’”作者摹仿李清照的《如梦令》，笔调轻快诙谐，在自我调侃中，一个以读书为乐的初中生形象跃然纸上。

(五)热点素材的积累与运用。

时代活水浪花飞溅，社会热点吸引眼球。热点素材的积累与运用应做到以下几点：

1.热点素材与题目的关联度要高，切入点要新。2012年遵义市作文题为“伸出我的手”，有位考生把目光投向抗灾英雄一双双“传递”的手，3个小标题是“传递温暖”“传递真情”“传递关爱”。精选雪灾、震灾和洪灾中“伸出我的手”的感人事例，对有些虽然精彩但与考题关联度不大的材料敢于“忍痛割爱”，从而使热点素材的运用紧扣文题，又有新意。

2.人有我新，同中见异，彰显个性。还以2012连云港市作文题为例，一考生在亮出“成功永远站在失败的背后”这一分论点后，亮出新意迭出的论据：“一次，被寄予厚望的西班牙球队在球场上失利，队员们垂头丧气地回到祖国，一下飞机便看见热情的球迷打出的横幅——‘这一切都会过去’，让他们无比感动。几年后，当他们从国外凯旋，迎接他们的依然是那些热情的球迷，只不过横幅上的字变成了‘这一切也会过去’。睿智的球迷用这种方式激励他们的偶像。是啊，一切都会过去，不论是成功还是失败，当一切繁华浮尘散尽，等待我们的又是一个新的开始。”崇拜足球明星的初中生很多，能选用“两个横幅，仅改一字”为论据的却不多见，这充分体现出“人有我新”个性化热点素材运用的作用。

3.合理想象，变“共性热点”为“个性热点”。在事件真实的基础上，要走进故事，情系人物，急人之所急，爱人之所爱，忧人之所忧，痛人之所痛，总之，你就是故事中的主人公。为此，可以运用多种表现手法，使人物“活”起来，情感“火”起来。这样的文章远离“复印”和“克隆”，震撼性和可读性肯定胜人一筹。2012年福州一位考生以农民工子女学校生活为题材的作文《爱，还要会爱》，先引用农民工子女朗诵的3句话，表现他们的求学困境——“我们的校园很小，放不下一个鞍马。”“我们的教室很暗，灯光只有几瓦。”“我们的桌椅很旧，坐上去吱吱哑哑。”作者据此真诚地自我反省，心情内疚而沉重，筹划帮扶活动……农民工子女继续朗诵：“但是，我们的作业工整，学习不差!”“别人与我比父母，我与别人比明天!”此时“我”为之一震，心潮澎湃——“物质支持是爱，学习、弘扬他们的精神才是最好的爱!”这样的素材运用使大家熟悉的素材个性化，“共性热点”成了“事件细节化，人物真情化”的“个性热点”。

4.发挥长处，创新形式，“另类”构思也精彩。2011年广东茂名文题为“2011年的春天，我真____”，在众多考生以“高兴、烦恼”等词补题时，有位考生别出心裁地补入“飒”字，以书信体作文，拟题“给企业家马云的一封信”，文章写了读马云的《活着努力，远比死后裸捐重要》《做一个内心强大的女子》等文章的体会，诉说了把马云误作女性的尴尬，表达了对马云精神的敬佩。小作者对热点素材进行创新处理，赢得了阅卷老师的青睐。

导语：2017年1月10日，重庆一名老人倒地受伤。女医生谭永超正好从旁边过，马上跪地按压急救，直至救护车到来，老人最终化险为夷。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的作文素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

历史无非就是问题的消亡和解决，现实也无非是问题的存在和发展。从辩证法的角度看待我们所处的世界，本身就是一个不断发现问题、解决问题的过程。关键是要把问题放在中国的现实语境中观察，与国情对接、跟现实对表。

阅读下面的材料，根据要求写一篇不少于800字的文章。

2017年1月10日，重庆一名老人倒地受伤。女医生谭永超正好从旁边过，马上跪地按压急救，直至救护车到来，老人最终化险为夷。报道说，女医生的丈夫在那一瞬心里转过很多念头，老人身份不明、伤情不明、受伤原因也不确定啊!况且胸外心脏按压急救动作幅度、频率都比较大，妻子怀孕6个月了，不宜做剧烈运动……谭医生却没有丝毫犹豫，说这是做医生的习惯，见到病人就要冲上去。现场抢救的照片被人拍下上传网络，网友们点赞如潮。都夸：好医生啊!

请全面理解材料内涵，也可以选择一个角度，联系生活实际构思作文，但不可脱离材料的含意。

要求：立意自定，内容自选，题目自拟，除诗歌外，文体不限。

材料没有难度，一个身份不明的伤者，一位善良的医生，一名体贴的丈夫，一群热心的网友，一个有温度的故事。但如何让善念形成本能反应，如何挖掉恶行背后的养成土壤，值得我们深思。

站在谭永超医生的角度：①让善行成为习惯，让善念成为本能。②救死扶伤是医生的天职，恪守职责是公民基本的道德规范。

站在谭医生丈夫的角度：①小爱在左，大爱在右;患得患失，常常让人见义而不为。②见义勇为与理性同行，应建立在现实条件的基础上。

站在网友的角度：①让正能量化作时代的洪流;惩恶扬善，人人有责。②见贤思齐，见不贤而内自省也。③心存善念，爱满天下。

综合的角度：①每个公民既要守住真善，塑造自我，更要关爱他人，惠及社会。②道德选择离不开平时的养成。③勿以善小而不为，勿以恶小而为之。④铲除恶行滋生的土壤。

1. To cherish the enviroment is to love ourselves.

爱护环境就是爱护我们自己。

2.Water is the source of ourlives

水是生命之源。

3.I make an urgent appeal that measures should be taken to cope with the situation

我急切呼吁应该采取措施改变现状。

4.Our government is doing its best to take measures to fight against pollution.

我们政府正努力制定措施与污染作斗争。

5.We are sure that well win the battle.

我们坚信我们能赢得战斗。

6.Its high time that we should protect our enviroment from being polluted.

是时候我们应该防止环境污染了。

7. Keep our mountains green，the wate clean，and the sky blue.

使我们山更绿，水更清，天更蓝。

8.However，natural resources are not inexhaustible.some reserves are already on the brink of exhaustion.

然而自然资源并不是无穷无尽的，一些储量已经到了穷尽的边缘。

9.If we do something with no thought for the furture . The later generation would be in danger.

如果我们不为将来考虑，后代就会受到威胁。

10.Our earths days are numbered without urgent help.

没有及时的帮助我们的地球就屈指可数了。

11(Sth.)are bound to generate severe consequences if we keep turning a blink eye to them.

如果我们继续睁一只眼闭一只眼的话，……一定会有恶劣的后果。

下面的材料旨在丰富学生在是非问题写作方面的思想和语言，考生在复习时可以先分类阅读这些篇章，然后尝试写相关方面的作文题。

对于素材中用黑体字的部分，特别建议你熟读，背诵，因为它们在语言和观点上都值得吸收。学习语言的人应该明白，表达能力和思想深度都靠日积月累，潜移默化。从某种意义上说，提高英语写作能力无捷径可走，你必须大段背诵英语文章才能逐渐形成语感和用英语进行表达的能力。这一关，没有任何人能代替你过。

因此，建议你下点苦功夫，把背单词的精神拿出来背诵文章。何况，并不是要求你背了之后永远牢记在心：你可以这个星期背，下个星期忘。这没有关系，相信你的大脑具有神奇的能力。背了工具箱里的文章后，你会惊讶的发现：I can think in English now！

1.?????? Proverbs

1. A graduation ceremony is an event where the commencement speaker tells thousands of students dressed in identical caps and gowns that individuality is the key to success.

2. The primary purpose of a liberal education is to make one’s mind a pleasant place in which to spend one’s time.

3. Next in importance to freedom and justice is popular education, without which neither freedom nor justice can be permanently maintained.

4. The classroom--not the trench--is the frontier of freedom now and forevermore.

5. Education’s purpose is to replace an empty mind with an open one.

6. It is the purpose of education to help us become autonomous, creative, inquiring people who have the will and intelligence to create our own destiny.

7. You see, real ongoing, lifelong education doesn’t answer questions; it provokes them.

8. People will pay more to be entertained than educated.

9.the most important function of education at any level is to develop the personality of the individual and the significance of his life to himself and to others. This is the basic architecture of a life; the rest is ornamentation and decoration of the structure.

10. The essence of our efforts to see that every child has a chance must be to assure each as equal opportunity, not to become equal, but to become different-to realize whatever unique potential of body, mind, and spirit he or she possesses.

11. A great teacher never strives to explain his vision-he simply invites you to stand beside him and see for yourself.

12. If you can read and don’, you are an illiterate by choice.

2. Damaging Research

A study by National Parent-Teacher Organization revealed that in the average American school, eighteen negatives are identified for every positive that is pointed out. The Wisconsin study revealed that when children enter the first grade, 80 percent of them feel pretty good themselves, but by the time they get to the sixth grade, only 10 percent of them have good self-images.

3. Education and Citizenship

An important aspect of education in the United States is the relationship between education and citizenship. Throughout its history this nation has emphasized public education as a means of transmitting democratic values, creating equality of opportunity, and preparing new generations of citizens to function in society. In addition, the schools have been expected to help shape society itself. During the 1950s, for example, efforts to combat racial segregation focused on the schools. Later, when the Soviet Union launched the first orbiting satellite, American schools and colleges came under intense pressure and were offered many incentives to improve their science and mathematics programs so that the nations would not fall behind the Soviet Union in scientific and technological capabilities.

Education is often viewed as a tool for solving social problems, especially social inequality. The schools, t is thought, can transform young people from vastly different backgrounds into competent, upwardly mobile adults. Yet these goals seem almost impossible to attain. In recent years, in fact, public education has been at the center of numerous controversies arising from the gap between the ideal and the reality. Part of the problem is that different groups in society have different have different expectations. Some feel that children should be taught basic job-related skills; still others believe education should not only prepare children to compete in society but also help them maintain their cultural identity (and, in the case of Hispanic children, their language). On the other hand, policymakers concerned with education emphasize the need to increase the level of student achievement and to improve parents in their children’s education.

Some reformers and critics have called attention to the need to link formal schooling with programs designed to address social problems. Sociologist Charles Moscos, for example, is a leader in the movement to expand programs like the Peace Corps, Vista, and Outward Bound into a system of voluntary national service. National service, as Moscos defines it, would entail “the full-time undertaking of public duties by young people whether as citizen soldiers or civilian servers-who are paid subsistence wages” and serve for at least one year. In return for this period of service, the volunteers would receive assistance in paying for college or other educational expenses.

Advocates of national service and school-to-work programs believe that education does not have to be confined to formal schooling. In devising strategies to provide opportunities for young people to serve their society, they emphasize the educational value of citizenship experiences gained outside the classroom. At this writing there is little indication that national service will become a new educational institution in the United States, although the concept is steadily gaining support among educators and social critics.

4. The Teacher’s Role

Given the undeniable importance of classroom experience, sociologists have done a considerable amount of research on what goes on in the classroom. Often they start from the premise that, along with the influence of peers, students’ experiences in the classroom are of central importance to their later development. One study examined the impact of a single first-grade teacher on her students’ subsequent adult status. The surprising results of this study have important implications. It is evident that good teachers can make a big difference in children’s lives, a fact that gives increased urgency to the need to improve the quality of primary-school teaching. The reforms carried out by educational leaders like James Comer suggest that when good teaching is combined with high levels of parental involvement the results can be even more dramatic.

Because the role of the teacher is to change the learner in some way, the teacher-student relationship is an important part of education. Sociologists have pointed out that this relationship is asymmetrical or unbalanced, with the teacher being in a position of authority and the student having little choice but to passively absorb the information provided by the teacher. In other words, in conventional classrooms there is little opportunity for the students to become actively involved in the learning process. On the other hand, students often develop strategies for undercutting the teacher’s authority: mentally withdrawing, interrupting, and the like. Hence, much current research assumes that students and teachers influence each other instead of assuming that the influence is always in a single direction.

5. Education Philosophy

For the past fifty years our schools have operated on the theories of John Dewey (1859-1953), an American educator and writer. Dewey believed hat the school’s job was to enhance the natural development of the growing child, rather than to pour information, for which the child had no context, into him or her. In the Dewey system, the child becomes the active agent in his own education, rather than a passive receptacle for facts.

Consequently, American schools are very enthusiastic about teaching “life skills” –logical thinking, analysis, creative problem--solving. The actual content of the lessons is secondary to the process, which is supposed to train the child to be able to handle whatever life may present, including all the unknowns of the future. Students and teachers both regard pure memorization as an uncreative and somewhat vulgar.

In addition to “life skills”, schools are assigned to solve the ever growing stoke of social problems. Racism, teenage pregnancy, alcoholism, drug use, reckless driving, and are just a few of the modern problems that have appeared on the school curriculum.

This all contributes to a high degree of social awareness in American youngsters.

6. Student Life

To the students, the most notable difference between elementary school and the higher levels is that in junior high they start “changing classes”. This means that rather than spending the day in one classroom, they switch classrooms to meet their different teachers. This gives them three or four minutes between classes in the hallways, where a great deal of the important social action of high school traditionally takes place. Students have lockers in these hallways, around which thy congregate.

Society in general does not take the business of studying very seriously. Schoolchildren have a great deal of free time, which they are encouraged to fill with extracurricular activities—sports, clubs, cheerleading, scouts—supposed to inculcate such qualities as leadership, sportsmanship, ability to organize, etc. those who don’t become engaged in such activities or have afterschool jobs have plenty of opportunity to “hang out”, listen to teenager music, and watch television.

Compared to other nations, American students do not have much homework. Studies also show that American parents have lower expectations for their children’s success in school than other nationalities do. (Historically, there has not been much correlation between American school success and success in later life.) “He’s just not a scholar”, the American parents might say, content that their son is on the swim team and doesn’t take drugs. (Some of the young do choose to study hard, for reason of their own, such as determining that the road to riches lies through Harvard Business School.)

What American schools do effectively teach is the competitive method. In innumerable ways children are pitted against each other—whether in classroom discussion, spelling bees, reading groups, or tests. Every classroom is expected to produce a scattering of A’s and F’s (teachers often grade A=excellent; B=good; C=average; D=poor; and F=failed). A teacher who gives all A’s looks too soft—so students are aware that they are competing for the limited number of top marks.

Foreign students sometimes don’t understand that copying from other people’s papers or from books is considered wrong and taken seriously. Here, it is important to show that you have done your own work and are displaying your own knowledge. It is more important than helping your friends to pass, whom we think do not deserve to pass unless they can provide their own answers. Group effort goes against the competitive grain, and American students do not study together as many Asians do. Many Asians in this country consider their group study habits a large contributor to their school success.

7. Adult Education

After complaining about many aspects of American life, a 40-year-old woman from Hong Kong concluded, “But where else could someone my age go back to school and get a degree in social work? Here you can change your whole life, start a new business, do what you really want to do.”

So at least to this person, school requirements weren’t inhibiting. And to millions of others, adult education is the path to a new career, or if not to a new career, to a new outlook. Schools generally encourage the older person who wants to start anew, and besides regular classes, schedule evening classes in special programs. Today there are so many people of retirement age in college that it is no longer remarkable.

8. Moral Relativism in American

Improving American education requires not doing new things but doing (and remembering) some good old things. At the time of our nation’s founding, Thomas Jefferson listed the requirements for a sound education in the Report of the Commissioners for the University of Virginia. In this landmark statement on American education, Jefferson wrote of the importance of education and writing, and of reading history, and geography. But he also emphasized the need “to instruct the mass of our citizens in these, their rights, interests, and duties, as men and citizens.” Jefferson believed education should aim at the improvement of both one’s “morals” and “faculties”. That has been the dominant view of the aims of American education for over two centuries. But a number of changes, most of them unsound, have diverted schools from these great pursuits. And the story of the loss of the school’s original moral mission explains a great deal.

Starting in the early seventies, “values clarification” programs started turning up in schools all over America. According to this philosophy, the schools were not to take part in their time-honored task of transmitting sound moral values; rather, they were to allow the child to “clarify” his own values (which adults, including parents, had no “rights” to criticize). The “values clarification” movement didn’t clarify values; it clarified wants and desires. This form of moral relativism said, in effect, that no set of values was right or wrong; everybody had an equal right to his own values; and all values were subjective, relative, and personal. This destructive view took hold with a vengeance.

In 1985 The York Times published an article quoting New York area educators, in slavish devotion to this new view, proclaiming, “They deliberately avoid trying to tell students what is ethically right and wrong.” The article told of one counseling session involving fifteen high school juniors and seniors. In the course of that session a student concluded that a fellow student had been foolish to return one thousand dollars she found in a purse at school. According to the article, when the youngsters asked the counselor’s opinion, “He told them he believed the girl had done the right thing, but that, of course, he would not try to force his values on them. ‘If I come from the position of what is wrong,’ he explained, ‘then I’m not their counselor.’”

Once upon a time, a counselor offered counselor, and he knew that an adult does not form character in the young by taking a stance of neutrality toward questions of right and wrong or by merely offering “choices” or “options”.

In response to the belief that adults and educators should teach children sound morals, one can expect from some quarters indignant objections (I’ve heard one version of it expressed countless times over the years): “Who are you to say what’s important?” or “Whose standards and judgments do we use?”

The correct response, it seems to me, is, is we ready to do away with standards and judgments? Is anyone going to argue seriously that a life of cheating and swindling is as worthy as a life of honest, hard work? Is anyone (with the exception of some literature professors at our elite universities) going to argue seriously the intellectual corollary, that a Marvel comic book is as good as Macbeth? Unless we are willing to embrace some pretty silly position, we’ve got to admit the need for moral and intellectual standards. The problem is that some people tend to regard anyone who would pronounce a definitive judgment as an unsophisticated Philistine or a closed-minded “elitist” trying to impose his view on everybody else.

The truth of the real world is that without standards and judgments, there can be no progress. Unless we are prepared to say irrational things—that nothing can be proven more valuable than anything else or that everything is equally worthless—we must ask the normative question. It may come, as a surprise to those who fell that to be “progressive” is to be value-neutral. But as Matthew Amold said, “the world is forwarded by having its attention fixed on the best things” and if the world can’t decide what the best things are, at least to some degree, then it follows that progress, and character, is in trouble. We shouldn’t be reluctant to declare that some things, some lives, books, ideas, and values are better than others. It is the responsibility of the schools to teach these better things.

At one time, we weren’t so reluctant to teach them. In the mid-nineteenth century, a diverse, widespread group of crusaders began to work for the public support of what was then called the “common school”, the forerunner of the public school. They were to be charged with the mission of school felt that the nation could fulfill its destiny only if every new generation was taught these values together in a common institution.

The leaders of the common school movement were mainly citizens who were prominent in their communities—businessmen, ministers, local civic and government officials. These people saw the schools as upholders of standards of individual morality and small incubators of civic and personal virtue; the founders of the public schools had faith that public education could teach good moral and civic character from a common ground of American values.

But in the past quarter century or so, some of the so-called experts became experts of value neutrality, and moral education was increasingly left in their hands. The commonsense view of parents and the publicthat schools should reinforce rather than undermine the values of home, family, and country, was increasingly rejected.

There are those today still that claim we are now too diverse a nation, that we consist of too many competing convictions and interests to instill common values. They are wrong. Of course we are a diverse people. We have always been a diverse people. And as Madison wrote in FederalistNo.10, the competing, balancing interests of a diverse people can help ensure the survival of liberty. But there are values that all American citizens share and that we should want all American students to know and to make their own: honesty, fairness, self-discipline, fidelity to task, friends, and family, personal responsibility, love of country, and belief in the principles of liberty, equality, and the freedom to practice one’s faith. The explicit teaching of these values is the legacy of the common schools, and it is a legacy to which we must return.

9. Schools Should Teach Values

People often said, “Yes, we should teach these values, but how do we teach them?” this question deserves a candid response, one that isn’t given often enough. It is by exposing our children to good character and inviting its imitation that we will transmit to them a moral foundation. This happens when teachers and principals, by their words and actions, embody sound convictions. As Oxford’s Mary Warnock has written, “You cannot teach morality without being committed to morality yourself; and you cannot be committed to morality yourself without holding that some things are right and others wrong.” The theologian Martin Buber wrote that the educator is distinguished from all other influences “by his will to take part in the stamping of character and by his consciousness that he represents in the eyes of the growing person a certain selection of what is, the selection of what is ‘right’, of what should be.” It is in this will, Buber says, in this clear standing for something, that the “vocation as an educator finds its fundamental expression.”

There is no escaping the fact that young people need as example principals and teachers who know the difference between right and wrong, good and bad, and who themselves exemplify high moral purpose.

As Education Secretary, I visited a class at Waterbury Elementary School in Waterbury, Vermont, and asked the students, “Is this a good school?” They answered, “Yes, this is a good school.” I asked them, “Why?” Among other things, one eight-year-old said, “The principal Mr. Riegel, makes good rules and everybody obeys them.” So I said, “Give me an example.” And another answered, “You can’t climb on the pipes in the bathroom. We don’t climb on the pipes and the principal doesn’t either.”

This example is probably too simple to please a lot of people who want to make the topic of moral education difficult, but there is something profound in the answer of those children, something education should pay more attention to. You can’t expect children to take messages about rules or morality seriously unless they see adults taking those rules seriously in their day-to-day affairs. Certain must be said, certain limits lay down, and certain examples set. There is no other way.

We should also do a better job at curriculum selection. The research shows that most “values education” exercises and separate courses in “moral reasoning” tend not to affect children’s behavior; if anything, they may leave children morally adrift. Where to turn? I believe our literature and our history are a rich quarry of moral literacy. We should mine that quarry. Children should have at their disposal a stock of examples illustrating what we believe to be right and wrong, good and bad—examples illustrating what are morally right and wrong can indeed be known and that there is a difference.

What kind of stories, historical events, and famous lives am I talking about? If we want our children to know about honesty, we should teach them about Abe Lincoln walking three miles to return six cents and conversely, about Aesop’s shepherd boy who cried wolf if we want them to know about courage, we should teach them about Joan of Arc, Horatius at the bridge, and Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad. If we want them to know about persistence in the face of adversity, they should know about the voyages of Columbus and the character of Washington during the Civil War. And our youngest should be told about the Little Engine That Could. If we want them to know about respect for the law, they should understand why Socrates told Crito: “No, I must submit to the decree of Athens.” If we want our children to respect the rights of others, they should read the Declaration of Independence, the Bill of Rights, the Gettysburg Address, and Martin Luther King, Jr.’ “Letter from Birmingham jail.” From the Bible they should know about Ruth’s loyalty to Naomi, Joseph’s forgiveness of his brothers, Jonathan’s friendship with David, the Good Samaritan’s kindness toward a stranger, and David’s cleverness and courage in facing Goliath.

These are only a few of the hundreds of examples we can call on. And we need not get into issues like nuclear war, abortion, creationism, or euthanasia. This may come as a disappointment to some people, but the fact is that the formation of character in young people is educationally a task different from, and prior to, the discussion of the great, difficult controversies of the day. First things come first. We should teach values the same way we teach other things: one step at a time. We should not use the fact that there are many difficult and controversial moral questions as an argument against basic instruction in the subject.

After all, we do not argue against teaching physics because laser physics is difficult, against teaching American history because there are heated disputes about the Founders’ intent. Every field has its complexities and its controversies. And every field has its basics, its fundamentals. So they are too with forming character and achieving moral literacy. As any parent knows, teaching character is a difficult task. But it is a crucial task, because we want our children to be healthy, happy, and successful but decent, strong, and good. None of this happens automatically; there is no genetic transmission of virtue. It takes the conscious, committed efforts of adults. It takes careful attention.

10. College Pressures

Mainly I try to remind that the road ahead is a long one and that it will have more unexpected turns than they think. There will be plenty of time to change jobs, change careers, change whole attitudes and approaches. They don not want to hear such liberating news. They want a map—right now – that they can follow unswervingly to career security, financial security, Social Security and, presumably, a prepaid grave.

What I wish for all students is some release from the clammy grip of the future. I wish them a chance to savor each segment of their education as an experience in itself and not as a grim preparation for the next step. I wish them the right to experiment, to trip and fall, to learn that defeat is as instructive as victory and is not the end of the world.

My wish, of course, is na?ve. One of the national gods venerated in our media—the million-dollar athlete, the wealthy executive—and glorified in our praise of possessions. In the presence of such a potent state religion, the young are growing up old.

I see four kinds of pressure working on college students today: economic pressure, parental pressure, peer pressure, and self-induced pressure. It is easy to look around for villains—to blame the colleges for charging too much money, the professors for assigning too much work, the parents for pushing their children too far, and the students for driving themselves too hard. But there are no villains: only victims.

“In the late 1960s.” one dean told me. “The typical question that I got from students was ‘Why is there so much suffering in the world’ or ‘how I can make a contribution?’ Today it’s ‘Do you think it would look better for getting into law school if I did a double major in history and political science, or just majored in one of them?’” many other deans confirmed this pattern. One said: “They are trying to find an edge—the intangible something that will look better on paper if two students are about equal.”

Note the emphasis on looking better. The transcript has become a sacred document, the passport to security. How one appears on paper is more important than how one appears in person. A is for Admirable and B is for Borderline, even though, in Yale’s official system of grading, A means “excellent” and B means “very good.” Today, looking very good is no longer good enough, especially for students who hope to go on to law school or medical school. They know that entrance into the better schools will be an entrance into the better law firms and better medical practices where they will make a lot of money. They also know that the odds are harsh. Yale Law School, for instance, matriculates 170students from an applicant pool of 3,700; Harvard enrolls 550 from a pool of 7,000.

It’s all very well for those of us who write letters of recommendation for our students to stress the qualities of humanity that will make them good lawyers or doctors. And it’s nice to think that admission officers are ready reading our letters and looking for the extra dimension of commitment or concern. Still, it would be hard for a student not to visualize these officers shuffling so many transcripts studded with As that they regard a B as positively shameful.

The pressure is almost as heavy on students who just want to graduate and get a job. Long gone are the days of the “gentleman’s C.” when students journeyed through college with a certain relaxation, sampling a wide variety of courses-music, art, philosophy, classics, anthropology, poetry, religion—that would send them out as liberally educated men and women. If I were an employer I would rather employ graduates who have this range and curiosity than those who narrowly pursued safe subjects and high grades. I know countless students whose inquiring minds exhilarate me. I like to hear the play of their ideas. I do not know if they are getting As or Cs, and I do not care. I also like them as people. The country needs them, and they will find satisfying jobs. I tell them to relax. They cannot.

Nor can I blame them. They live in a brutal economy. Tuition, room, and board at most private colleges now come to at least $7,000, not counting books and fees. This might seem to suggest that the colleges are getting rich. But they are equally battered by inflation. Tuition covers only 60 percent of what it costs to educate a student, and ordinarily the remainder comes from what college receives in endowments, grants, and gifts. Now, the remainder keeps being swallowed by the cruel costs—higher every year—of just opening the doors. Heating oil is up. Insurance is up. Postage is up. Health-premium costs are up. Everything is up. Deficits are up. We are witnessing in American the creation of a brotherhood of paupers—colleges, parents, and students, joined by the common bond of debt.

Today it is not unusual for a student, even if he works part time at college and full time during the summer, to accrue $5,000 in loans after four years—loans that he must start to repay within one year after graduation. Exhorted at commencement to go forth into the world, he is already behind as he goes forth. How could he not feel under pressure throughout college to prepare for this day of reckoning? I have used “he,” incidentally, only for brevity. Women at Yale are under no less pressure to justify their expensive education to themselves, their parents, and society. In fact, they are probably under more pressure. For although they leave college superbly equipped to bring fresh leadership to traditionally male jobs, society has not yet caught up with this fact.

Along with economic pressure goes parental pressure. Inevitably, the two are deeply intertwined.

I see many students taking pre-medical courses with joyless tenacity. They go off to their labs as if they were going to the dentist. It saddens me because I know tem in other corners of their life as cheerful people.

“Do you want to medical school?” I asked them.

“I guess so,” they say, without conviction, or “Not really.”

“Then why are you going?”

“Well, my parents want me to be a doctor. They are paying all this money and …”

Poor students, poor parents, they are caught in one of the oldest webs of love and duty and guilt. The parents mean will; they are trying to steer their sons and draughts toward a secure future. But the sons and daughter want to major in history or classics or philosophy—subjects with no “practical” value. Where’s the payoff on the humanities? It’s not easy to persuade such loving parents that the humanities do indeed pay off. The intellectual faculties developed by studying subjects like history and classics—an ability to synthesize and relate, to weigh cause and effect, to see events in perspective—are just the faculties that make creative leaders in business or almost any general field. Still, many fathers would rather put their money on courses that point toward specific profession—courses that are pre-law, pre-medical, pre-business, or, as I sometimes heard it put, “pre-rich.”

But the pressure on students is severe. They are truly torn. One part of them feels obliged to fulfill their parents’ expectations; after all, their parents are older and presumably wiser. Another part tells them that the expectations that are right for their parents are not right for them.

I know a student who wants to be an artist. She is very obviously an artist and will be a good one—she has already had several modest local exhibits. Meanwhile she is growing as a well-round person and taking humanistic subjects that will enrich the inner resources out of which her art will grow. But her father is strongly opposed. He thinks that an artist is a “dumb” thing to be. The student vacillates and tries to please everybody. She keeps up with her art somewhat furtively and takes some of the “dumb” courses her father wants her to take—at least they are dumb courses for her. She is a free spirit on a campus of tense students—no small achievement in it—and she deserves to follow her muse.

Peer pressure and self-induced pressure are also intertwined, and they begin almost at the beginning of freshman year.

“I had a freshman student I’ll call Linda,” one dean told me, “who came in and said she was under terrible pressure because her roommate, Barbara, was much brighter and studied all the time. I could not tell her that Barbara had come in two hours earlier to say the same thing about Linda.”

The story is almost funny—except that it is not. It is symptomatic of all the pressure put together. When every student thinks every other student is working harder and doing better, the only solution is to study harder still. I see students going off to the library every night after dinner and coming back when it closes at midnight. I wish they would sometimes forget about their peers and go to a movie. I hear the clacking of typewriters in the hours before dawn. I see the tension in their eyes when exams are approaching and papers are due: “Will I get everything done?”

Probably they won’t. They will get blocked. They will sleep. They will oversleep. They will bug out.

Part of the problem is that they are expected to do. A professor will assign five page papers. Several students will start writing ten page papers to impress him. Then more students will write ten page papers, and a few will raise the ante to fifteen. Pity the poor student who is still just doing the assignment.

“Once you have twenty or thirty percent of the student population deliberately overexerting,” one dean points out, “It’s bad for everybody. When a teacher gets more and more effort from his class, the student who is doing normal work can be perceived as not doing well. The tactic work, psychologically.”

Why cannot the professor just cut back and not accept longer papers? He can, and he probably will. But by then the term will be half over and the damage done. Grade fever is highly contagious and not easily reversed. Besides, the professor’s main concern is with his course. He knows his students only in relation to the course and does not know that they are also overexerting in their other courses. Nor is it really his business. He did not sign up for dealing with the student as a whole person and with all the emotional baggage the student brought along from home. That’s what deans, masters, chaplains, and psychiatrists are for.

To some extent this is nothing new: a certain number of professors have always been self-contained islands of scholarship and shyness, more comfortable with books than with people. But the new pauperism has widened the gap still further, for professors who actually like to spend time with students do not have as much time to spend. They are also overexerting. If they are young, they are busy trying to publish in order not to perish, hanging by their figure nails onto a shrinking profession.

If they are old and tenured, they are buried under the duties of administering departments—as departmental chairmen or members of committees—that have been thinned out by the budgetary axe.

Ultimately it will be the students’ own business to break the circles in which they are trapped. They are too young to be prisoners of their parents’ dreams and their classmates’ fears. They must be jolted into believing into themselves as unique men and women who have the power to shape their own future.

“Violence is being done to the undergraduate experience,” says Carlos Hortas. “College should be open-ended: at the end it should open many, many roads. Instead, students are choosing their goal in advance, and their choices narrow as they go along. It’s almost as if they think that the country has been codified in the type of jobs that exist-that they’ve got to fit into certain slots. Therefore, fit into the best paying slot.”

“They ought to take chances. Not taking chances will lead to life of colorless mediocrity. They’ll be comfortable. But something in the spirit will be missing.”

I have painted too drab a portrait of today’s students, making them seem a solemn lot. That is only half of their story; if they were so dreary I wouldn’t so thoroughly enjoy their company. The other half is that they are easy to like. They are quick to laugh and to offer friendship. They are not introverts. They are usually kind and are more considerate of one another than any student generation I have known.

Nor are they so obsessed with their studies that they avoid sports and extracurricular activities. On the contrary, they juggle their crowded hours to play on a variety of teams, perform with musical and dramatic groups, and write for campus publications. But this in turn is one more cause of anxiety. There are too many choices. Academically, they have 1,300 courses to select from; outside class they have to decide how much spare time they can spare and how to spend it.

This means that they engage in fewer extracurricular pursuits than their predecessors did. If they want to row on the crew and play in the symphony they will eliminate one; in the ‘60s they would have done both. They also tend to choose activities that are self-limiting. Drama, for instance, is flourishing in all twelve of Yale’s residential colleges, as it never has before. Students hurl themselves into these productions—as actors, directors, carpenters, and technicians—with a dedication to create the best possible play, knowing that the day will come when the run will end and they can get back to their studies.

They also cannot afford to be the willing slave of organizations like the Yale Daily News. Last spring at the one-hundredth anniversary banquet of that paper—who’s past chairmen include such once and future kings as Potter Stewart, Kingman Brewster, and William F. Buckley, Jr.—much was made of the fact that the editorial staff used to be small and totally committed and that “newsies” routinely worked fifty hours a week. In effect they belonged to a club; Newsies is how they defined themselves at Yale. Today’s students will one or two articles a week, when he can, and he defines himself as a student. I’ve never heard the word Newsie except at the banquet.

If I have described the modern undergraduate primarily as a driven creature who is largely ignoring the blithe spirit inside who keeps trying to come out and play, it’s because that’s where the crunch is, not only at Yale but throughout American education. It’s why I think we should all be worried about the values that are nurturing a generation so fearful of risk and so goal-obsessed at such an early age.

I tell students that there is no one “right” way to get ahead—that each of them is a different person, starting from a different point and bound for a different destination. I tell neither them that change is a tonic and that all the slots are not codified nor the frontiers closed. One of my ways of telling them is to invite men and women who have achieved success outside the academic world to come and talk informally with my students during the year. They are heads of companies or ad agencies, editors of magazines, politicians, public officials, television magnates, labor leaders, business executives, Broadway products, artists, writers, economists, photographers, scientists, historians—a mixed bag of achievers.

I asked them to say a few words about how they got started. The students assume that they started in their present profession and knew all along that it was what they wanted to do. Luckily for me, most of them got into their field by a circuitous route, to their surprise, after many detours. The students are startled. They can hardly conceive of a career that was not pre-planned. They can hardly imagine allowing the hand of God or chance to nudge them down some unforeseen trail.

11. To Err Is Wrong

In the summer of 1979, Boston Red Sox first baseman Carl Yastrzemski became the fifteenth player in baseball history to reach the three thousand hit plateaus. This event drew a lot of media attention, and for about a week prior to the attainment of this goal, hundreds of reports covered Yaz’s every more. Finally, one reporter asked, “Hey Yaz, aren’t you afraid all of this attention will go to your head?” Yastrzemski replied, “I look at this way: in my career I’ve been up to bat over ten thousand times. That means I’ve been unsuccessful at the plate over seven thousand times. That fact alone keeps me from getting a swollen head.”?

Most people consider success and failure as opposites, but they are actually both products of the same process. As Yaz suggest, an activity that produces a hit may also produce a miss. It is the same with creative thinking; the same energy that generates good creative ideas also produces errors.

Many people, however, are not comfortable with errors. Our educational system, based on “the right answer” belief, cultivates our thinking in another, more conservative way. From an early age, we are taught that right answers are good and incorrect answers are bad. This value is deeply embedded in the incentive system used in most schools:

Right over 90% of the time = “A”

Right over 80% of the time = “B~”

Right over 70% of the time = “C~” Right over 60% of the time = “D~” Less than 60% correct, you fail.

From this we learn to be right as often as possible and to keep our mistakes to a minimum. We learn, in other words, that “to err is wrong.

Playing It Safe

With this kind of attitude, you aren’t going to be taking too many chances. If you learn that failing even a litter penalizes you (e.g., being wrong only 15% of the time garners you only a “B” performance), you learn not to make mistakes. And more important, you learn not to put yourself to situation where you might fall. This leads to conservative thought pattern designed to avoid the stigma our society puts on “failure”.

I have a friend who recently graduated from college with a Master’s degree in Journalism. For the last six month, she has been trying to find a job, but to no avail. I talked with her about situation, and realized that her problem is that she doesn’t know how to fail. She went through eighteen years of schooling to try any approaches where she might fail. She has been conditioned to believe that failure is bad in and of itself, rather than a potential stepping-stone to new ideas.

Look around. How many middle managers, housewives, administrators, teachers, and other people do you see who are to try anything new because of this failure? Most of us have learned not to make mistakes in public. As a result, we remove ourselves from many learning experience except for those occurring in the most private of circumstances.

Different Logic

From a practical point of view, “to err is wrong” makes sense. Our survival in the everyday world requires us to perform thousand of small tasks without failure. Think about it: you wouldn’t last very long if you were to step out in front of traffic or stick your hand a pot of boiling water. In addition, engineers whose bridges collapse, stock brokers who lose money for their clients, and copywriters whose ad campaigns decrease sales won’t keep their jobs very long.

Nevertheless, too great an adherence to the belief “to err is wrong” can greatly undermine your attempts to generate new ideas. If you are more concerned with producing right answers than generating original ideas, you’ll probably make uncritical use of the rules, formulae, and procedures used to obtain these right answers. By doing this, you’ll by-pass the germinal phase of the creative process, and thus spend litter time testing assumptions, challenging the rules, asking what-if questions, or just playing around with the problem. All of these techniques will produce some incorrect answers, but in the germinal phase errors are viewed as a necessary by-product of creative thinking. As Yaz would put it, “if you want the hits, be prepared for the misses.” That’s the way the game of life goes.

Errors as Stepping Stones

Whenever an error pops up, the usual response is “Jeez, another screw up, what went wrong this time?” the creative thinker, on the other hand, will realize the potential value of errors, and perhaps say something like, “Would you look at that! Where can it lead our thinking?” and then he or she will go on to use the error as a stepping stone to a new idea. As a matter of fact, the whole history of discovery is filed with people who used erroneous assumptions and failed ideas as stepping-stones to new ideas. Columbus thought he was finding a shorter route to India. Johannes Kepler stumbled on to the idea of interplanetary gravity because of assumptions that were right for the wrong reasons. And, Thomas Edison knew 1800 ways not to build a light bulb.

The following story about the automotive genius Charles Kettering exemplifies the spirit of working through erroneous assumptions to good ideas. In 1912, when the automobile industry was just beginning to grow, Kettering was interested in improving gasoline engine efficiency. The problem he faced was“knockthe phenomenon in which gasoline takes too long to burn in the cylinder-thereby reducing efficiency.

Kettering began searching for ways to eliminate the “knock.” He thought to him, “How can I get the gasoline to combust in the cylinder at an earlier time?” the key concept here is “early”. Searching for analogous situations, he looked around for models of “things that happen early.” He thought of historical models, physical models, and biological models. Finally, he remembered a particular plant, the trailing arbutus, which “happens early,” i.e., it blooms in the snow (“earlier” than other plants). One of this plant’s chief characteristics is its’ red leaves, which help the plant retain light at certain wavelengths. Kettering figured that it must be the red color, which made the trailing arbutus bloom earlier.

Now came the critical step in Kettering’s chain of thought. He asked himself, “How can I make the gasoline red?” perhaps I’ll put red dye in the gasoline—maybe that’ll make it combust earlier.” He looked around his workshop, and found that he didn’t have any red dye. But he did happen to have some iodine—perhaps that would do. He added the iodine to the gasoline and, lo and behold, the engine didn’t “knock”.

[英语作文写作的需要背诵的部分

“红色收藏家”谢海

谢海，其实只是辽宁大连的普通市民。因为对俄罗斯文化的兴趣，坚持收藏中俄友谊纪念品。今年9月，俄罗斯总统梅德韦杰夫前往旅顺拜谒苏军烈士陵园，随后参观苏军纪念塔展品陈列室。陈列室里展出了200余件二战时期苏军纪念物，其中有近百件来自谢海。虽身患直肠癌，做过两次大手术，连几万元手术费都拿不起，他仍不舍得卖掉藏品。网友为之感动，因为他与病魔赛跑永不服输，因为他锲而不舍地记录和纪念那段我们难以忘怀的友谊。

“微笑姐”吴怡

在亚运会开幕式上，在三位领导致辞期间，在众多媒体的镜头里，她始终一副灿烂笑容。在视频网站上，“微笑姐”片段被频繁点击回放。她是广州亚运会颁奖礼仪专业志愿者，曾以优秀的表现完成全部培训课程。她的使命既简单又艰难——在一切场合保持微笑，展示东道主的热情和东方女性的魅力。网友说，她出镜时间如此之长，笑到面部僵硬，双手坚持交叉小腹前，几乎抽筋，太难为她了。她却诚恳地答说——不知道自己被拍，都是训练有素的结果。

“大别山师魂”汪金权

汪金权22年前毕业于华中师范大学，放弃留城工作机会，主动来到湖北蕲春山区从事基础教育工作，在大山深处播洒希望的种子。22年来，汪金权扎根山区，坚守三尺讲台，倾心教书育人。虽然家境贫寒，他仍然从微薄的工资收入中，拿出10多万元，无私资助200多名贫困学生完成学业。这位山村教师，以无私铸就了人间大爱，展示了新时期人民教师的伟大品格。

“寻人志愿者”沈浩

从安徽滁州一名普通的下岗工人，到一名寻人志愿者，沈浩，这位42岁的中年男人，自2001年创办“寻人启事网站”以来，靠着一个人、一双腿、一台电脑，在互联网与现实交织的寻人旅途上，先后走过24个省，行程30万公里，穿破50多双鞋，帮助800多个家庭重获团圆。如今，沈浩的寻人网站月访问量最高达50万人次，招募到一万多位寻亲志愿者，网友称他为“中国寻人第一人”。“当天下无骨肉分离者的那一天，我的网站就可以关闭了。”这不仅是沈浩的期待，也是我们所有人的期待。

“最美城管”杨维勋

一说到城管，就想到暴力蛮横，似乎不动用暴力就不能执法。正团职干部杨维勋转业到武汉市洪山区城管执法一线，十年如一日，骑一辆旧自行车沿街巡查，执法中从不大声叫嚷，从不强行掀摊，没有暴力争执，只有劝导、教育和沟通，柔性化与人情味赢得摊贩们理解和支持，清理占道经营很顺利、很和谐。他被网友称为“最美城管”，那辆旧自行车誉为“最牛城管执法车”。全国基层干部的榜样、全国优秀党员吴天祥称赞他是用心用情用诚执法;武汉市城管局授予他“城管执法模范”。

“最美背影”交巡警张阳

在处理治安纠纷中帮涉案当事人挑担上坡的重庆交巡警张阳并不知道自己被网友拍了下来，他觉得这是自己履行职责的一件小事。而这件“小事”却让无数网友感动，认为这是和谐警民关系的“最美背影”。张阳的背影留给网友的是感动，留给某些执法者的是反思，留给社会的是以人为本和公平正义的执法理念。百姓需要更多像张阳这样的“美丽背影”。

导语：任何时候都不要看轻了自己。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的作文素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

战后受经济危机的影响，日本失业人数陡增，工厂效益也很不景气。一家濒临倒闭的食品公司为了起死回生，决定裁员1/3。有三种人名列其中：一种是清洁工，一种是司机，一种是无任何技术的仓管人员。这三种人加起来有三十多名。经理找他们谈话，说明了裁员意图。清洁工说：“我们很重要，如果没有我们打扫卫生，没有清洁优美、健康有序的工作环境，你们怎么能全身心投入工作?”司机说：“我们很重要，这么多产品没有司机怎么能迅速销往市场?”仓管人员说：“我们很重要，战争刚刚过去，许多人挣扎在饥饿线上，如果没有我们，这些食品岂不要被流浪街头的乞丐偷光?”经理觉得他们说的话都很有道理，权衡再三决定不裁员，重新制定了管理策略。最后经理在厂门口悬挂了一块大匾，上面写着：“我很重要!”从此，每天当职工们来上班，第一眼看到的便是“我很重要”这四个字。不管一线职工还是白领阶层，都认为领导很重视他们，因此工作都很卖命。这句话调动了全体职工的积极性，几年后公司迅速崛起，成为日本有名的公司之一。

【温馨提示】这个故事冲击我们眼球、触动我们心灵的就是“我很重要”这四个字。是啊，任何时候都不要看轻了自己。在关键时刻，你敢说“我很重要”吗?试着说出来，你的人生也许会由此揭开新的一页。简单的四个字，却蕴含着丰富的内涵，有自信、有勇气、有意志，这些都可以成为你作文的话题或主题。

莫言是第一个获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国籍作家。下面就来看看莫言的名言吧。

1、所谓最难忘的，就是从来不曾想起，却永远也不会忘记。

2、极度的顺从是悖逆。

3、上一次微笑着入睡是什么时候?

4、我在怀念，你不再怀念的。

5、把每一个句子后面加一个完结的句号，记作虚无而迷惘的守候。

6、因了命途中的你们，我才没有荒芜了青春。

7、幸福，就是找一个温暖的人过一辈子。

8、听悲伤的歌，看幸福的戏。

9、我还在原地等你，你却已经忘记曾来过这里。

10、经不住似水流年，逃不过此间少年。

11、这个冬天没有给我惊喜……

12、我在河之彼岸，守望曾经归来，归来无望。

13、我喜欢现在的自己，我怀念过去的我们。

14、即使世界遗忘了你，也总会有那么几个人在你生命的伊始之日，道一声：生日快乐!

15、回首，才看见我们是以快乐的心情写悲伤的青春。

16、爱的最高境界是经得起平淡的流年。

17、向来缘浅，奈何情深。

18、不幸的人才要更坚强。

19、要离开，就请，永远别再回来。

20、喜欢一个人没有错，错就错在喜欢一个不喜欢自己的人。

21、黄昏是青春短暂的悲伤。

22、我是你转身就忘的路人甲，凭什么陪你蹉跎年华到天涯?

23、有些人，在不经意间，就忘了;有些人，你想方设法，都忘不了。

24、真心离伤心最近。

25、什么叫快乐?就是掩饰自己的悲伤对每个人微笑。

26、不要仗着我对你的好向我使坏。

27、人生最遗憾的，莫过于，轻易地放弃了不该放弃的，固执地坚持了不该坚持的。

28、我真的爱你，闭上眼，以为我能忘记，但流下的眼泪，却没有骗到自己。

29、不要依赖别人，是你还有人可以依赖的时候才说的出来的。

30、总在不经意的年生。回首彼岸。纵然发现光景绵长了十六个年头。

31、所以，兵荒马乱也要轻装简从。

32、多谢你的绝情，让我学会死心。

33、不被理解的弱小只好一直坚强。

34、你走的那天，我决定不掉泪，迎着风撑着眼帘用力不眨眼。

35、要有多坚强，才敢念念不忘。

36、我把你们的故事收入我的音筒，放在生活之上，我的记忆之下。

37、当眼泪流下来，才知道，分开也是另一种明白。

38、久远是迷途里酝酿的酒。愈陈愈香。

39、走完同一条街，回到两个世界。

40、最初不相识，最终不相认。

41、想你的时候有些幸福，幸福得有些难过。

42、我怀旧，因为我看不到你和未来。

43、寞覆我华裳，谁的华裳覆我肩膀。

44、原来地久天长，只是误会一场。

45、无法拒绝的是开始，无法抗拒的是结束。

46、无论多么落寂和苍茫，那些身影总会过目不忘。

47、当时光碾过青春，我将以快乐注解悲伤。

48、我总喜欢逆着时光，寻找我青春的足迹。

49、感情的戏，我没演技。

50、不是不死心，是死不了心。

51、安然的在被窝中躺过一世春秋。浑噩自知。

52、你是我猜不到的不知所措，我是你想不到的无关痛痒。

53、不要轻易说爱，许下的承诺就是欠下的债!

54、谁把谁真的当真，谁为谁心疼。

55、哀莫过于心不死。

56、我放下了尊严，放下了个性，放下了固执，都只是因为放不下你。

57、满腹经纶是黔驴之技。易于迁延与迟滞。

58、离开后，别说祝我幸福，你有什么资格祝我幸福?

59、在原谅与绝望之间游荡，唯一的感觉是伤!伤!!伤!!!

60、年轻时我们放弃，以为那只是一段感情，后来才知道，那其实是一生。

61、谁的寂幸福对我说，你还太小。

62、因此，在那个习惯于悲春伤秋的年代，你陪我看了多少个日薄西山的景致，我陪你看了多少个破晓阑珊的夜，我们彼此静默的坐着，不言朝夕。

63、我们总是以诗般的语言刻画自己在青春的罅隙中的那般狼狈。

64、没有什么过不去，只是再也回不去。

65、他的心早已变换了季节，而你还站在他许下诺言的那一天。

66、有时，爱也是种伤害。残忍的人，选择伤害别人;善良的人，选择伤害自己。

67、鱼上钩了，那是因为鱼爱上了渔夫，它愿用生命来博渔夫一笑。

68、淋过雨的空气，疲倦了的伤心，我记忆里的童话已经慢慢的融化。

69、有些事一转身就一辈子。

70、呆坐在眼睛里的空洞和茫然，凝结成氤氲的哀伤，在青春的天空渐渐延伸和漫散。

71、一个人，一座城，一生心疼。

72、当你做对的时候，没有人会记得;当你做错的时候，连呼吸都是错。

73、年月里，五味杂陈。

74、也许走得太远的代价就是寂寞。

75、提笔伏案之年。窗边。是心灵奔向青春的黑色河流。突兀的世界。

76、等待你的关心，等到我关上了心。

77、彼年豆蔻，谁许谁地老天荒。

78、我很好，不吵不闹不炫耀，不要委屈不要嘲笑，也不需要别人知道。

79、思念一个人的滋味，就象是喝了一杯冰冷的水，然后一滴一滴凝成热泪。

80、有些事一转身就一辈子。

81、和爱的人吵架，和陌生人讲心里话。

82、当笔下肆意挥洒的心情化为文字，我将用它记录永生。

83、月光下，我用繁冗拖沓的文字祭奠我的青春，纪念我死去的友情和迟到的爱情。

84、生不对，死不起。

85、在年生里。我们因无知荒唐而美丽。

86、祈求天地放过一双恋人，怕发生的永远别发生。

87、一个人只要不再想要，就什么都可以放下。

88、我赢了所有人，但却输掉了你。

89、等待、……也许并不容易;伤害……却轻而易举。

90、痛过之后就不会觉得痛了，有的只会是一颗冷漠的心。

91、不要骗我，你知道即使你的谎话我都会相信。

92、爱那么短，遗忘那么长。

93、你不过是仗着我喜欢你。

94、童话已经结束，遗忘就是幸福。

95、最初不相识，最终不相认。

96、我想哭，可是我已经不知道该怎么流泪了。

97、等待，是一生最初的苍老。

98、当初是你要分开，分开就分开，现在又要用真爱把我换回来。

99、脸上的快乐别人看得到，心里的痛又有谁能感觉到。

100、看着别人的故事，流着自己的眼泪。

良好的开端等于成功的一半，下面是小编整理的高考英语写作基础知识，欢迎阅读。

一. 开头用语：

良好的开端等于成功的一半.在写作文时，通常以最简单也最常用的方式---开门见山法。也就是说, 直截了当地提出你对这个问题的看法或要求，点出文章的中心思想。

1.议论文：

A. Just as every coin has two sides, cars have both advantages and disadvantages.

B. Compared to/ In comparison with letters, e-mails are more convenient.

C. When it comes to computers, some people think they have brought us a lot of convenience. However,...

D. Opinions are divided on(关于) the advantages and disadvantages of living in the city and in the countryside.

E. As is known to all/ As we all know, computers have played an important role/part in our daily life.

F. Why do you go to university? Different people have different points of view.

2. 书信：

A. I am writing to you to apply for admission to your university as a visiting scholar.

B. I read an advertisement in today’s China Daily and I apply for the job...

C. Thank you for your letter of May 5.

D. How happy I am to receive your letter of January 9.

E. How nice to hear from you again!

3. 口头通知或介绍情况：

A. Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make.

(词典例子：Can I have your attention please?请注意听我讲话好吗?)

B. Attention, please. I have something important to tell you.

C. Mr. Green, Welcome to our school. To begin with, let me introduce Mr. Wang to you.

4. 演讲稿：

A. Ladies and gentlemen, I feel very much honored to have a chance here to make a speech on the subject -- A Balanced Diet and Health.

(词典解释：be/feel honoured to do sth=feel proud and happy做某事感到荣幸

例子：I was honoured to have been mentioned in his speech. 他在讲话中提到了我，真是荣幸。)

B. Good morning everyone! Allow me, first of all, on behalf of all present here, to extend our warm welcome and cordial greeting to our distinguished guest.

(词典解释：extend=to offer or give sth to sb 提供;给予

例子：I’m sure you will join me in extending a very warm welcome to our visitors. 我肯定你们会同我一起向来访者表示热烈的欢迎。)

(词典解释：allow me=used to offer help politely (礼貌地表示主动帮忙)让我来

二.并列用语：

as well as, not only…but (also), including,

A. Not only do computers play an important part in science and technology, but also play an informative role in our daily life.

B. All of us, including the teachers / the teachers included, will attend the lecture.

C. He speaks French as well as English.=He speaks English, and French as well.=He speaks not only English but also French.

D. E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing an important part in daily communication.

三.对比用语：

on the one hand---, on the other hand---, on the contrary/contrary to ..., though, for one thing, for another; nevertheless

A. I know the Internet can only be used at home or in the office, but on the other hand, it is becoming more and more popular for much information as well as clear and vivid pictures.

B. It is hard work; I enjoy it, though.

C. Contrary to what I had originally thought, the trip turned out to be fun.

(词典：contray to sth 与之相异的，相对的，相反的

Contrary to popular belief, many cats dislike milk. 与普通的想法相反，许多猫并不喜欢牛奶。)

四. 递进用语：

even, besides, what’s more, as for, so…that…, worse still, moreover, furthermore; but for, in addition, to make matters worse

A. The house is too small for a family of four, and furthermore/besides/what’s more/moreover /in addition/worse still , it is in a bad location.

下面是小编为大家收集整理的常用的写作手法有哪些，欢迎大家阅读参考!

常用的写作手法及作用：(对比、烘托、欲扬先抑、巧设悬念、以小见大、开宗明义、卒章显志、托物言志(即象征)、寓事于理、情景交融、夹叙夹议……)

(1)拟人手法：赋予事物以人的性格、思想、感情和动作，使物人格化，从而达到形象生动的效果。

(2)比喻手法：形象生动、简洁凝练地描写事物、讲解道理。

(3)夸张手法：突出人或事物的特征，揭示本质，给读者以鲜明而强烈的印象。

(4)象征手法(托物言志)：把特定的意义寄托在所描写的事物上，表达了……的情感，增强了文章的表现力。

(5)对比手法：通过比较，突出事物的特点，更好地表现文章的主题。

(6)衬托(侧面烘托)手法：以次要的人或事物衬托主要的人或事物，突出主要的人或事物的特点、性格、思想、感情等。衬托，同类事物衬托是“正衬”，相反事物衬托是“反衬”;以次衬主。

(7)讽刺手法：运用比喻、夸张等手段和方法对人或事物进行揭露、批判和嘲笑，加强深刻性和批判性，使语言辛辣幽默。

(8)欲扬先抑：先贬抑再大力颂扬所描写的对象，上下文形成对比，突出所写的对象，收到出人意料的感人效果。

(9)前后照应(首尾呼应)：使情节完整、结构严谨、中心突出。

常见的几种修辞手法的表达作用：

(1)比喻：形象生动、简洁凝练地描写事物、讲解道理，增强语言的生动性、形象性、化抽象为具体，使人易于理解。

(2)拟人：赋予事物以人的性格、思想、感情和动作，使物人格化，使之更形象，从而达到形象生动的效果。

(3)夸张：突出特征，揭示本质，给读者以鲜明而强烈的印象。

(4)排比：条理清晰，节奏鲜明，增强语势，长于抒情，使语言更有表现力，更有气魄。

(5)对偶：使句式整齐，结构一致，形式优美，音韵和谐，互相映衬，互为补充。

(6)反复：强调某种意思，更能突出文章主题，观点鲜明。抒情强烈，富有感染力。

(7)设问：自问自答，引人注意，启发思考。

(8)反问：态度鲜明，加强语气，强烈抒情。

(9)引用：使内容更真实、准确、深刻、精密。

(10)反语：增加讽刺意味，使表达更深刻，更有力度。

(11)对比：形成强烈反差，加强读者的印象，突出文章的中心。

1.the four unique features: picturesque rocks, legendary pines, the sea of clouds and hotsprings “四绝”：巧石、奇松、云海、温泉

2. The Forbidden City 紫禁城

3. Gate of Supreme Harmony 太和门

4. Hall of Supreme Harmony 太和殿

5. Hall of Central Harmony 中和殿

6. Hall of Preserved Harmony 保和殿

7. Hall of Literary Harmony 文华殿

8. Hall of Martial Valour 武英殿

9. Pavilion of Literary Source 文渊阁

10. Complete Library of the Four Treasures of Knowledge 四库全书

11. West Lake, Hangzhou 杭州西湖

12. In heaven there is paradise, on earth Hangzhou and Suzhou. “上有天堂，下有苏杭。”

13. I would like to compare West Lake to Xi Shi, the ancient beauty.

14. Charming she looks whether richly made up or only slightly so. “欲把西湖比西子，浓妆淡抹总相宜。”

15. Mogao Grottoes/Caves,Dunhuang 敦煌莫高窟

16. murals 壁画

17. painted sculptures 彩绘

18. Singing Sands Mountain鸣沙山

19. the Crescent Moon Lake 月牙泉

20. Three Gorges on the Yangtze River 长江三峡

21. Qutang Gorge 瞿塘峡

22. Wu Gorge 巫峡

23. Xiling Gorge 西陵峡

24. Guilin, Guangxi 广西桂林

导语：居安思危，思则有备，有备无患。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的公务员申论名言警句，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

1.政贵有恒。——《尚书·毕命》

2.非学无以广才，非志无以成学。——诸葛亮

3.发愤忘食，乐以忘忧，不知老之将至云尔。——孔子

4.读书如行路，历险毋惶恐。—— 《清诗铎·读书》

5.学必求其心得，业必贵其专精。——章学诚

6.路漫漫其修道远，吾将上下而求索。——屈原

7.退笔如山起足珍，读书万卷始通神。――苏轼

8.读书破万卷，下笔如有神。——杜甫

9.灵魂欲化庄周蝶，只爱书香不爱花。——童铨

10.读书之法，在循序而渐进，熟读而精思。——朱熹

11.读书数万卷，胸中无适主，便如暴。——列子

12.年少从他爱梨粟，长成须读五车书。——王安石

13.人能不食十二日，惟书安可一日无。——陆游

14.为人臣者，以富乐民为功，以贫苦民为罪。——贾谊

15.知屋漏者在宇下，知政失者在草野，知经误者在诸子。——汉·王充《论衡·书解篇》

16.可怀以德，难屈以力——《三国志·魏书·三少帝纪》

17.天下顺治在民富，天下和静在民乐，天下兴行在民趋于正。——明·王廷相

18.居之以强力，发之以果敢，而成之以无私。——宋·苏辙《新论中》

19.召远在修近，闭祸在除怨。——《管子·版法》

20.享天下之利者，任天下之患;居天下之乐者，同天下之忧——宋·苏轼

21.居安思危，思则有备，有备无患。——《左传·襄公十一年》

22.上者，民之表也。表正，则何物不正!——孔子

23.看不上自己地位的人肯定也配不上这种地位。——谚语

24.千夫诺诺，不如一士之谔谔。——宋·苏轼《讲田友直字序》

25.民者，国之根也，诚宜重其食，爱其命。——《三国志·吴书·骆统传》

26.不是地位使人增光，而是人使地位生色。——苏联谚语

27.治事不若治人，治人不若治法，治法不若治时。——宋·苏轼

28.苟利国家，不求富贵。——《礼记》

29.夫民，别而听之则愚，合而听之则圣。——《管子·君臣上》

30.世人缺乏的是毅力，而不是气力。——雨果

31.达人无不可，忘己爱苍生。——唐·王维

32.政通人和，百废俱兴。——宋·范仲淹

33.为之于未有，治之于未乱。——《老子》

34.从来治国者，宁不忘渔樵。——谢榛(明代诗人)

35.一种理想就是一种力量!——罗曼·罗兰

36.官无大小，凡事只是一个公字。——宋·朱熹

37.求木之长者，必固其根本;欲流之远者，必浚其泉源;思国之安者，必积其德义。——唐·吴兢

38.先民有言，询于刍荛。——《诗经·大雅·板》

39.利莫大于治，害莫大于乱。——《管子·正世》

40.天才在于积累，聪明在于勤奋。——华罗庚

41.志向和热爱是伟大行为的双翼。——歌德

42.失败是坚忍的最后考验。——俾斯麦

43.民惟邦本，本固邦宁。——《尚书·五子之歌》

44.烈火试真金，逆境试强者。——塞内加(古罗马哲学家)

45.上安下顺，弊绝风清。——宋·周敦颐《拙赋》

46.虑于民也深，则谋其始也精。——宋·欧阳修

47.宽则得众，信则人任焉。——宋·苏辙

48.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。——《长歌行》

49.但患不读书，不患读书无所用。——朱舜水

50.为学之道，莫先于穷理;穷理之要，必先于读书。 ——朱熹

to introduce myself(介绍我自己)

hello,every one!(大家好)

my name is **** . (我叫****)

im a 15 years old boy. (我是一个15岁的男孩)(具体情况自己改)

i live in the beautiful city of rizhao.(我住在美丽的rizhao城)(你可以把rizhao改成自己家乡的城市的名称的拼音)

im an active ,lovely and clever boy.(我是一个活跃的可爱的聪明的男孩)

in the school , my favourite subject is maths . (在学校，我最喜欢数学)

perhaps someone thinks its difficult to study well .(也许有些人认为这很难学)

but i like it.(但我喜欢他)

i belive that if you try your best, everything can be done well.(我相信每件事付出努力就会有害结果)

i also like sports very much.(我也很喜欢运动)

such as,running,volleyball and so on. (像跑步、排球等等)

im kind-hearted.(我很热心)

if you need help ,please come to me .(如果你需要帮助，就来找我)

i hope we can be good friends!(我希望我们能成为好朋友)

ok.this is me .a sunny boy.(好了，这就是我，一个阳光男孩)

一个句子必须按照一定的模式来组织，这个模式称为句式。下面是语文迷为大家提供的高考英语写作优秀句式，供大家参考。

1) on the other hand, the contribution of day schools cant be ignored.

2) due to high tuition fee, most of ordinary families cannot afford to send their children to boarding schools.

3) since it is unnecessary to consider students routinelife, day school can lay stress on teaching instead of other aspects, such as management of dormitory and cafeteria.

4) furthermore, students living in their own home would have access to a comfortable life and have more opportunities to communicate with their parents, which have beneficial impact on development of their personal character.

5) from what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that both of day schools and boarding schools are important to train young students for our society.

6) there is much discussion over science and technology. one of the questions under debate is whether traditional technology and methods are bound to die out when a country begins to develop modern science and technology.

7) According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.

8) The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.

9) No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.

10) People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.

11) An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.

12) When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.

13) Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a persons physical fitness.

14) Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful

15) An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.

16) Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.

17) There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.

18) An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.

19) A proper part-time job does not occupy students too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

20) Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.

21) Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.

22) In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.

23) The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.

24) It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.

25) Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.

26) No one can deny the fact that a persons education is the most important aspect of his life.

27) People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.

28) In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.

29) In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.

30) We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.

31) People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

32) The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.

33) Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.

34) This is a matter of life and death--a matter no country can afford to ignore.

35) For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons:

36) Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.

37) This view is now being questioned by more and more people.

38) Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information Ive collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.

39) Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.

40) In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.

41) Using bicycle contributes greatly to peoples physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.

42) Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.

43) Bicycle cant be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.

44) From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.

45) There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.

46) This issue has caused wide public concern.

47) It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.

48) A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously, they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a persons education is a most important aspect of his life.

49) As for me, Im in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation, for the following reasons:

50) It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.

51) Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.

52) It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.

53) For lack of distinct culture, some places will not attract tourists any more. Consequently, the fast rise in number of foreign tourists may eventually lead to the decline of local tourism.

54) There is a growing tendency for parents to ask their children to accept extra educational programs over the recent years.

55) This phenomenon has caused wide public concern in many places of world.

56) Many parents believe that additional educational activities enjoy obvious advantage. By extra studies, they maintain, their children are able to obtain many kinds of practical skills and useful knowledge, which will put them in a beneficial position in the future job markets when they grow up.

57) In the first place, extra studies bring about unhealthy impacts on physical growth of children. Educational experts point out that, it is equally important to take some sport activities instead of extra studies when children have spent the whole day in a boring classroom.

58) Children are undergoing fast physical development; lack of physical exercise may produce disastrous influence on their later life.

59) In the second place, from psychological aspect, the majority of children seem to tend to have an unfavorable attitude toward additional educational activities.

60) It is hard to imagine a student focusing their energy on textbook while other children are playing.

61) Moreover, children will have less time to play and communicate with their peers due to extra studies, consequently, it is difficult to develop and cultivate their character and interpersonal skills. They may become more solitary and even suffer from certain mental illness.

62) From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that, although extra studies indeed enjoy many obvious advantages, its disadvantages shouldnt be ignored and far outweigh its advantages. It is absurd to force children to take extra studies after school.

63) Any parents should place considerable emphasis on their children to keep the balance between play and study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

64) There is a growing tendency for parent these days to stay at home to look after their children instead of returning to work earlier.

65) Parents are firmly convinced that, to send their child to kindergartens or nursery schools will have an unfavorable influence on the growth of children.

66) However, this idea is now being questioned by more and more experts, who point out that it is unhealthy for children who always stay with their parents at home.

67) Although parent would be able to devote much more time and energy to their children, it must be admitted that, parent has less experience and knowledge about how to educate and supervise children, when compared with professional teachers working in kindergartens or nursery schools.

68) From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that, although the parents desire to look after children by themselves is understandable, its disadvantages far outweigh the advantages.

69) Parents should be encouraged to send their children to nursery schools, which will bring about profound impacts on children and families, and even the society as a whole.

70) Many leaders of government always go into raptures at the mere mention of artistic and cultural projects. They are forever talking about the nice parks, the smart sculptures in central city and the art galleries with various valuable rarities. Nothing, they maintain, is more essential than such projects in the economic growth.

71) But is it really the case? The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that artistic and cultural projects may be less useful than many governments think. In fact, basic infrastructure projects are playing extremely important role and should be given priority.

72) Those who are in favor of artistic and cultural projects advocate that cultural environment will attract more tourists, which will bring huge profits to local residents. Some people even equate the build of such projects with the improving of economic construction.

73) Unfortunately, there is very few evidence that big companies are willing to invest a huge sums of money in a place without sufficient basic projects, such as supplies of electricity and water.

74) From what has been discussed above, it would be reasonable to believe that basic projects play far more important role than artistic and cultural projects in peoples life and economic growth.

75) Those urban planners who are blind to this point will pay a heavy price, which they cannot afford it.

76) There is a growing tendency these days for many people who live in rural areas to come into and work in city. This problem has caused wide public concern in most cities all over the world.

77) An investigation shows that many emigrants think that working at city provide them with not only a higher salary but also the opportunity of learning new skills.

78) It must be noted that improvement in agriculture seems to not be able to catch up with the increase in population of rural areas and there are millions of peasants who still live a miserable life and have to face the dangers of exposure and starvation.

79) Although rural emigrants contribute greatly to the economic growth of the cities, they may inevitably bring about many negative impacts.

80) Many sociologists point out that rural emigrants are putting pressure on population control and social order; that they are threatening to take already scarce city jobs; and that they have worsened traffic and public health problems.

81) Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

82) An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.

83) For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.

84) For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.

85) There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school students doing a part-time job.

86) By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.

87) Although peoples lives have been dramatically changed over the last decades, it must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because that tuition fees and prices of books are soaring by the day

88) Consequently, the extra money obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life.

89) From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce a far-reaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part-time job, which will benefit students and their family, even the society as a whole.

90) These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in past. Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it.

一、认真审题，切中题意

《中考考试说明》指出，书面表达要切中题意。看到考题后，先不要急于动笔，要仔细看清题目要求的内容，在自己的头脑中构思出一个框架或画面，确定短文的中心思想，不要匆匆下笔，看懂题意，审清格式、体裁、人物关系、故事情节、主体时态、活动时间、地点等。

二、围绕中心，拟定提纲

书面表达评分原则有四条：(1)内容要点;

(2)运用词汇和结构的数量;

(3)运用语法结构和词汇的准确性;(4)上下文的连贯性。

由此可见，要点是给分的一个重要因素。为了防止写作过程中遗漏要点，同学们要充分发挥自己的观察力，把情景中给出的各个要点逐条列出。注意短文字数不要低于或超过规定的字数太多。

三、语言通顺，表达准确

(1)避免使用汉语式英语，尽量使用

自己熟悉的句型。几种句型可交替使用，以避免重复和呆板。

(2)多用简单句型，记事、写人一般都不需要复杂的句型。可适当地使用陈述句、一般疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。不用或少用非谓语或情态动词等较复杂的句型。

(3)注意语法、句法知识的灵活运用。(4)描写人物时，要生动具体，例如：①外表特征：tall，short，fat，thin，strong，weak，ordinary-looking等;②内心境界：

glad，happy，sad，excited，anxious，interested等;③感情描写：love，like，hate，feel，laugh，cry，smile，shout等;④动作描写：come，go，get，have，take，bring，fetch等。

(5)上下文要连贯。上下文的连贯性也是评分的一条原则，同学们应注意下面过渡的用法：①表示并列关系的过渡词：and，aswellas，or等;②表示转折关系的过渡词：but，yet，however等;③表示时间关系的过渡词：first，andthen，

finally，after，before，atlast，atthattime，later，inthepast，immediately，inthe

meanwhile等;④表示空间关系的过渡词：near(to)，far(from)，inthefrontof，beside等;⑤表示比较关系的过渡词：inthesameway，justlike，justas等;⑥表示对照关系的过渡词：but，still，yet，however，ontheotherhand等;⑦表示递进关系的过渡词：also，and，then，too，inaddition，moreover，again等;⑧表示因果关系的过渡词：because，since，then，thus，otherwise，so，therefore，asaresult等;⑨表示解释说明的过渡词：forexample，infact，inthiscase，for，actually等。

四、不会表达，另辟蹊径

中考作文给分是以要点和语言准确度而定，不以文采打分。造句越简单准确越好，造复合句容易出错，容易被扣分，阅卷场上有句话：“错误面前人人平等，文采好不加分。”如遇到个别要点表达不出来或难以表达，可采用变通的办法，化难为易，化繁为简。总之，所造句子要正确、得体、符合英语表达习惯。

五、锦上添花，量力而行

如果你还有时间和精力，想把书面表达写得更好，那么，请注意以下几点：(1)句型多样化，不要i(we)……到底，使人觉得乏味;(2)适当使用一些并列句或主从复合句;(3)进一步描绘人或事物时，适当使用定语从句;(4)适当使用分词或分词短语，烘托谓语动词;(5)偶尔使用一下倒装句，增加新鲜感;(6)适当调换一下状语在句子中的位置，使句子不雷同;(7)上下句子紧接时，其中完全相同的成分可以省略，以节省篇幅。

六、书写工整，卷面整洁

字迹要清晰，让阅卷人看得清楚，不可字迹潦草，难以辨认，要保持卷面的整洁。

七、检查错误

检查错误应从以下几个方面入手：(1)格式是否有错;(2)拼写有无错误;(3)语言是否用错;(4)时态、语态错误;(5)标点错误;(6)人称是否用错。

总之，只要平时同学们多练习写作并有意运用上述方法和技巧，合理分配时间，在中考时一定能写出高质量的作文，得到令人满意的考分。