开封市第一届成语典故大赛汇编20篇

东施效颦

Xi Shi, a famous beauty, had a pain in her bosom(胸部) , so she had a frown

on her face when she went out. An ugly girl who lived nearby saw her and thought

she looked very beautiful. therefore when she went home, she also put her hands

on her bosom and had a frown on her face.

When a rich man in the neighbourhood saw her, he shut his doors tightly and

did not go out. When a poor man saw her, he took his wife and children and gave

her a wide berth(保持安全距离) .

She only knew Xi Shis frown looked beautiful but she did not know the

reason for its beauty.

万事俱备 只欠东风

China has been divided into three kingdoms historically: Wei in the north,

Shu in the southwest and Wu in the southeast.

Once Cao Cao from Wei led a 200,000 strong army down to the south to wipe

out the kingdoms of Wu and Shu. Therefore, Wu and Shu united to defend his

attack. Cao ordered his men to link up the boats by iron chains to form a bridge

for the Caos passing from the north bank of Yangtze River to the south bank.

The General Commander of the allied army was Zhou Yu. He analyzed the situation

carefully. Then he got a good idea. He decided to attack the enemy with fire. So

he began to prepare for the neting battle. Suddenly he thought of the direction

of wind. He needed the east wind to blow strongly in order to acnetplish his

scheme. However, the wind did not nete for days. Thus Zhou Yu was worried about

it. At that time, he got a note from Zhuge Liang, the military adviser of the

State of Shu, which reads:

"To fight Cao Cao

Fire will help you win

Everything is ready

Except the east wind"

Quickly he turned to Zhuge Liang for help. Zhuge told him not to worry and

there would be an east wind in a couple of days. Two days later, the east wind

helped Zhou acnetplish his scheme. At last, the allied army won the war.

Later, people use it to say "All is ready except what is crucial".

专心致志

Yi Qiu was known as the most famous expert at chess throughout the land.

Once he gave lessons on chess to two men. One of them was netpletely absorbed in

his teaching, listening attentively to Yi Qiu while the other, who seemed to be

listening, had his mind on something else. In fact, he was having a fancy that a

swan was flying towards him and he had in his hands a bow and an arrow, ready to

shoot. As a result, though he was having the same lesson together with the first

man, yet he turned out a much inferior(差的，自卑的) pupil.

If one does not give single-hearted devotion to it, no skills will be

learned.

一技之长

Gong sun Long , is a famous scholar lived in the State of Zhao during the

Warring States Period (475-221BC). He had kept a circle skilled people around

him. He often said, "A wise man should welnete anyone with a specialty."

One day, a man dressed in tattered(破烂的) and dirty clothes came to see him

and said to him:" I have a special skill. "

Gong asked: "What is it?"

"I have a loud voice and Im good at shouting."

Then Gong turned to his followers and asked," Who is good at shouting?" But

none of them answered "Yes ". So the scholar took the man in.

Some days later, Gong and his followers went on a trip. They came to a wide

river and found the ferryboat was on the other side of the river. All of them

had no idea. Suddenly, Gong thought of the shouting expert and turned to him,

"Can you have a try?" The man realized it was the chance to show his skill. He

shouted to the ferryman as loud as he could, "Hey, ferryman, nete here, we want

to cross the river." As his voice ended, the ferryman came to fetch them. Gong

was very satisfied with the new follower.

Later, people use it to describe anyone who has a special professional

skill.

相敬如宾

During the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC), there was a high official

in the State of Jin. He once saw a farmer working in the field and his wife

bringing his lunch to him in a very respectful manner. He showed great interest

in the matter. He took the farmer back to Jin with him, and said to the King of

Jin, "Respect is a demonstration of virtue. If one is respectful, he must be

virtuous. We should educate our people with virtue." But the King asked, "His

father is guilty, is it wise to do so?" He replied, "Guan Zhong had been enemy

to the Duke Huan of Qi, but the duke appointed Guan Zhong prime minister and

finally acnetplished his hegemony. Shun exiled Gun but promoted his son Yu. You

just make use of his strong points." At last, Duke Wen took his advice and put

the farmer in an important position.

Later, this idiom means a couple treats each other with respect like

guests.

郑人买履

A man of the state of Zheng wanted to buy a pair of shoes. He measured his

foot and put the measurement on a chair. When he set out for the market he

forgot to bring it along. It was after he had found the pair he wanted that this

occurred to him.

I forgot the measurement, said he.

He went home to get it but when he returned the market had broken up and he

did not get his shoes after all.

Why didnt you try on the shoes with your feet?

He was asked.

I d rather trust the measurement than trust myself.

入木三分

Wang Xi-zhi is one of the most famous calligraphers(书法家) during the Eastern

Jin Dynasty of China. When he was very young, he practiced his art every day and

never stopped.

Later he absorbed the strong points of all the other schools of

calligraphy, and developed his own unique style of writing. Because of his

achievements, he has been honored as one of Chinas sages of calligraphy. One

time, Wang Xi-zhi sketched in wood for an engraver to cut. Then the engraver

found the ink had penetrated one centimeter into the wood.

"Ru Mu San Fen" is got from this story, which means the calligraphy is

penetrating.

Now it is often used to describe expressing sharp ideas or profound

views.

望梅止渴

Among the outstanding figures of Chinese history, famous either for their

intelligence or treachery(背叛,变节), Cao Cao is one of the foremost.

One hot day, he marched out his troops under a burning sun in a mountainous

area. Bewilderingly(令人困惑地) he lost the way. The journey was long and the sun was

scorching. After their fruitless and tiresome march, all voiced their great

dissatisfaction with the leadership of Cao Cao. They bitterly complained of

their great thirst. The antagonism(对抗) of the soldiers was growing fast and they

were on the verge of staging a mutiny(兵变). The subordinate officers were

helpless to cope with the situation.

Cao Cao, however, in the nick of time cleverly and treacherously gave

orders to his troops to march to the nearby plum trees for a rest and announced

that soldiers would be allowed to eat the juicy sour(酸的) fruit as much as they

desired.

At the thought of the sour fruit the soldiers complaint of great thirst as

well as the antagonistic feeling were quickly forgotten.

Based on the story the later generation formed the proverb "to quench ones

thirst by looking up at plums", to illustrate a case where one takes comfort in

believing that they have already attained that which was expected or

desired.

买椟还珠

A man from the state of Chu wanted to sell a precious pearl in the state of

Zheng. He made a casket(小箱，棺材) for the pearl out of the wood from a magnolia(木兰)

tree, which he fumigated(熏制) with spices. He studded the casket with pearls and

jade, ornamented it with red gems and decorated it with kingfisher(翠鸟) feathers.

A man of the state of Zheng bought the casket and gave him back the pearl.

Too luxuriant(丰富的，奢华的) decoration usually supersedes(取代) what really

counts. This man from Chu certainly knew how to sell a casket but he was no good

at selling his pearl. And the man of Zheng didnt know which is really

valuable.

叶公好龙

In the Spring and Autumn Period, there lived in Chu a person named Chu

Zhuliang, who addressed himself as "Lord Ye".

Its said that this Lord Ye was very fond of dragons. The walls had dragons

painted on them. The beams, pillars, doors and the windows were all carved with

them. As a result, his love for dragons was spread out. When the real dragon in

heaven heard of this Lord Ye, he was deeply moved. He decided to visit Lord Ye

to thank him.

You might think Lord Ye was very happy to see a real dragon. But, actually,

at very the sight of the creature, he was scared out of his wits and ran away as

fast as he could.

From then on, people knew that Lord Ye only loved pictures or carvings

which look like dragons, not the real thing.

今天我们班举行了一场别开生面的成语大赛，每个角落都被激动与兴奋的气氛充实的满满的。

比赛正式开始了，第一轮看图猜成语，宣布规则了，同学们都专心致志的聆听：举手回答，回答正确者给本组加一分。不举手就抢答的，自动取消资格，并给本组扣一分。这个简单，同学们三下五除二的就全部通关了。第二轮根据意思猜成语，哇!这个比刚才要难多了，我们绞尽脑汁地思考着问题，有的同学抓耳挠腮，好像觉得大脑已经死机了，真是“书到用时方恨少”呀!有的同学胸有成竹，大脑飞速地转动着，答案不断地在大脑里呈现出来。还有的同学好像有天神帮助一样轻松的就把题全完成了。时间像飞剑，成语大赛进行到了最后一个环节成语接龙，同学们都都精神焕发的坐在位子上，安静地等待着，一个接着一个把成语自信满满地说出来，轮到我们这一组了，我的心怦怦跳，心里又紧张又激动，心想：我要拼尽全力为我们组得分。我前面的两个同学站起来都没有回答出来，轮到我的时候，一站起来脑袋一片空白，心里像十五个吊桶打水—七上八下。同学们开始倒数5个数，我像走了魂似的，最终还是没能回答上来。

通过这次成语大会，我本以为自己发挥得还不错，唉，真是“山外青山楼外楼，强中更有强中手”啊!

盼望着!盼望着!我们期待已久的成语大赛终于正式开幕了!

这次比赛对于我们来说非常得与众不同，不像以前语文的拼音王国大闯关、数学的24点大赛……都是我们面对面地进行，而这次我们却在云端相见。我又开心、又紧张。时而眉毛舒展，像弯弯的月牙;时而眼睛眯成一条缝;时而嘴角上扬，像弯弯的小船。

比赛终于正式开始了，第一项：必答题。我紧张极了，手上一次又一次地抓出一把又一把的汗，因为我们是第一组，我又是本组的第二个小成员，心想：我还是第一次参加这样一场不寻常的成语大赛呢!还没等我想完，就轮到我回答了。小考官问道，请选择和人物相对应的成语：韩信----。”我想了想后，干脆而又响亮地说：“选C，暗度陈仓。”这时，听见小考官说：“回答正确，加10分。”我听见后，心里美滋滋的!像吃了蜜一样甜。

就这样一轮一轮地进行着，该到抢答题环节了，我不停地在按抢答器，可一直都抢不到，我很伤心。脸像霜打的茄子，眼睛里闪动着泪光，我就想放弃了，可转念又一想，我们组不能因为我一个人而丢了成功的希望!我还是继续不停地按键，就在这时，我突然听见学长说到我的名字，我回答正确。不知不觉地，一场令我们紧张而又兴奋的成语大赛该到和我们说再见的时候了，我还恋恋不舍地看着屏幕。

在这次比赛过程中，虽然我们组没有获得第一名，但是，通过这次比赛也让我受益匪浅，我通过在准备过程中积累了大量的成语，让我感受到了成语的魅力!感受到了中华民族历史的丰富!

今天，章老师在我们班举行了一场别开生面的成语大赛。

章老师先为我们示范了一个成语，她先学马“啪嗒啪嗒”叫了两声，然后左看看右看看，最后做出了一个花的手势。我们班的一些同学想了一会儿，就知道了，把手举得高高的。章老师叫了一个同学，那个同学大声地喊出：“走马观花!”“对了，接下来就是你们表演了!”章老师说。

同学们兴奋地讨论着，不一会儿，就有好几个同学举手了。第一个表演的是谢一诺，他先做了一个青蛙的动作，然后，再往上看一看。一位同学举手了，他猜“坐井观天”，老师摇摇头，说很接近，但是不对。又一位同学回答“天狗望月”，“哦，这也太离谱了吧!”我想。这显然是不对的。最后一位同学说是“井底之蛙”，终于对了。

第二组同学全体出动，准备一同表演。其中，三位同学学母鸡叫，一位同学则高高地站着。“这是什么呢?让我想想。“我自言自语道。可是，正在我想答案时，一位同学大声地说：“鹤立鸡群。”看来，我的脑子还得动快点。

最精彩的要数这个成语了。两个同学一个学狼叫，一个学虎叫。你能猜出这个是什么成语吗?反正我猜不出来。忽然，一位同学说：“狼吞虎咽。”我想，这回应该对了吧!老师却摇摇头。我看了一下大家，眉头紧锁。有人还说出了天狗食月、鬼哭狼嚎、狼狈为奸等成语，但都不对，只能让做这个动作的同学公布了，原来是“如狼似虎”。我想：这也太难了吧!

今天的成语大赛真是太好玩了，可我只猜对了一个。看来我还得多学学成语了!

“刷刷刷”整个教室鸦雀无声，只有笔尖划过纸张的声音。

今天老师举行了一场成语大赛，我们此刻正在绞尽脑汁地答题。整个教室乌压压一片，有的同学抓耳挠腮，有的同学胸有成竹，有的同学如有神助。

如果要问谁是“霸主”，那自然非李旭垠莫属。只见她时而冥思苦想，时而笔下生风，使我等“草民”望尘莫及。

再看看坐在窗前那位同学，脖子伸得比长颈鹿有过之而无不及。至于结果嘛，当然逃不脱铁面无私的“包大人”的慧眼。

而我因为在比赛前刚刚看过成语词典，所以刚开始的时候还觉得比较轻松，可是不一会儿，就觉得大脑好像死机了。真是“书到用时方恨少”啊。

正在我苦苦思索之际，只听得老师已经在催促我们：“同学们，时间已经不多，大家加快速度。”看着我们一个个哭丧的脸，老师微笑着接着又说：“你们看看自己的脸，哭的成语写了吗?笑得呢?还有其他什么像心里着急之类的?”

我听了老师的启发，瞬间思如泉涌，只可惜时间已经不多了，随着老师一声“时间到!”，我们的成语大赛结束了。

最后的比赛结果，我们的“霸主”居然一共写了二百多个成语!我本来觉得自己发挥得也还不错。唉，真是“山外青山楼外楼，强中自有强中手”啊。

今天，我在乐学作文学校玩了一次有趣、有难度的游戏——成语大赛。

上课了，老师和颜悦色地说：“今天，我们玩一个游戏叫成语大赛。规则是老师在多媒体上放图片，大家把这个成语写在纸上，不可说出答案，否则减一分，看看我们今天的“成语牛人”是谁呀？”老师刚说完。大家的心情有的忐忑不安，有的激动不已，还有的胸有成竹。而我的心情却是提心吊胆，我很担心自己会输。

游戏开始了，第1关。有6题，可真难啊！我为自己捏了一把汗。只见第1题上画着：一个人在走，有一匹马，有一双眼睛在观看，旁边有一朵花。我心想：肯定是“走马观花”啦！第四题：一个哭脸，一个笑脸，一个人打着“X”，又有一个“得”字。我心想：应该是“哭笑不得”。果然不出我所料，两题都答对了。可是最难的竟是最后一题：一只老鹰，一个大小的“P”，一只牛，一片枫叶；我绞尽脑汁，怎么想也想不出来，后来老师公布答案竟然组成了英文“happy new year”，翻译成中文是“新年快乐”。最可惜的竟是“鱼目混珠”。我猜成了“鱼目晕珠”。第2关来了，我只猜对了三个：“九牛二虎”、“画蛇添足”、和“鸦雀无声”因为那几个都是最简单的了。最难的是：一只狗，一堆火；一个跳起来的人，一堵墙，我一直想“狗火什么”？没想到是“狗急跳墙”。最可惜的便是第3题：草、木头、仙人掌、一个兵人，那便是草木皆兵了，我只想到了头尾两个。哎！我可真笨呀！

最难的第三关来了，老师放低了要求让我们前后两桌合作，我和一位暂时领先的女生合作。我俩只猜对了两个，一个最难的，一个最简单的。最简单的是：一只鸡、一架飞机、一个打碎的蛋、一把锤子在打东西。我原以为是“鸡飞狗跳”，后来那个女生说哪来的狗？明明是蛋，应该是“鸡飞蛋打”，果然对了。另一个最难的便是最后一题，只有一个气球，她说是“一气呵成”，我实在想不出来，便相信她。果然没错。最可惜的便是“妖魔鬼怪”了，一个妖头、鬼、骷髅、外星人。我俩一致认为是“失魂落魄”，一听老师说，才恍然大悟。

果然不出我所料，她第一名。我和⑦号第二名。游戏结束了，我明白了，看来我懂得的成语还不够多，以后应该多读课外书，多积累好词好句。

星期三早上学而优作文课，老师对我们说：“今天我们来举行一年一度的成语大赛。”教室里立刻沸腾起来，同学们像炸开了锅，七嘴八舌地交流。

比赛分为三关，每过一关加一分，最后进行奖励。同学们听了，心里都开心得要飞起来了。

第一关是“看图猜成语”画上画着一个男人，用手捂着耳朵，然后，伸手去摇铃铛。图片一出来，立刻有同学不假思索地拍了桌子，说：“掩耳盗铃。”老师听了点点头，给这位叫小鑫的同学加了一分。接着，又来了一幅画面，那里面有一个非常漂亮的女子和一个丑八怪，同学们看了抓耳挠腮，谁都猜不出来，最后还是老师告诉了我们答案，答案就是“东施效颦”。我们听了恍然大悟。第二关是“看字猜成语”。只见屏幕上出现了“曲聚工工”四个字，同学们看了都目瞪口呆，教室里突然变得鸦雀无声，我们都冥思苦想起来。最后，没有一个同学想出来，老师就告诉我们说，那个成语叫“异曲同工”。接着又出现了一些题，同学们有的猜对了，有的没有猜出来，我们也从这一关中感受到自己知识的浅薄。

第三关就是在十分钟之内，看谁写的成语最多，谁就赢了。老师一声令下，同学们就奋笔疾书，十分钟过去了，大家纷纷展示自己写的成语，最后，陈新洽赢得了最后的比赛，他高兴得一蹦三尺高。

这次成语大赛，不仅有趣，还让我们学到了很多非常好玩的成语，我希望下一次还可以有这么有趣的游戏玩。

今天，作文课上，蔡老师出人意料地宣布：“这节课我们来举行看动作，猜成语大赛。”我们听了，个个都跃跃欲试。

蔡老师先请了李泽鸿，他大步流星地走上去。蔡老师拿了一张纸条给李泽鸿看了看，还跟他窃窃私语，然后，李泽鸿在台上表演了起来。他先闭上眼睛，嘴里嚼了几下，好像在吃好吃的东西，再把舌头伸出来，舔了舔，吞了吞口水，脸上露出了满意的笑容。下面的同学争先恐后地举手，我也不甘落后。有的同学说“回味无穷”，有的说“津津有味”，还有的说“口齿留香”。可是蔡老师都说错。那会是什么呢？我们冥思苦想。不知谁的脑筋转得快，信心十足地说：“细嚼慢咽！”蔡老师笑眯眯地说：“恭喜你，答对了！”这时候，大家才恍然大悟。接下来我们又猜出了好几个成语——“争前恐后”，“欢蹦乱跳”……大家都乐不可支。

下课铃声响了，“看动作，猜成语”比赛也不得不结束了。看动作，猜成语不但趣味横生，而且还增长了我们的知识，真是一举两得啊！

今天的作文课上，方老师宣布：“我们来玩一个‘看动作猜成语大赛’的游戏吧！”同学们欢呼雀跃，有的同学还站在椅子上大声叫好。接着，方老师说了比赛规则：台上同学做动作，台下同学来猜台上同学的动作是表示什么成语，猜对的奖一朵红花。

第一轮比赛开始了，方老师请森炀来比动作。只见森炀一上台就低着头，一副无精打采的样子。做完了动作，同学们争先恐后地举手。方老师请了思远来回答，思远说：“我看森炀神情很难过，又低着头，我猜是垂头丧气。”只见森炀微笑地点点头，方老师奖了森炀和思远各一朵红花，他俩开心地回座位。

第二轮比赛开始了，方老师请楚凡上台比动作。只见楚凡跟方老师说了几句悄悄话。害得我们伸长脖子想听听他们在说什么。我终于想出了这个成语，于是高高地举手，方老师请了我来回答，我说：“是窃窃私语。”“哈哈，猜对了！”方老师点了点头，奖了我一朵红花。我开心得跳起来。

不知不觉中下课了，猜成语大赛在我们的笑声中结束了。

【注音】míng gǔ ér gōng zhī

【典故】非吾徒也，小子鸣鼓而攻之可也。 《论语·先进》

【释义】比喻宣布罪状，遣责或声讨。

【用法】作谓语；指公开声讨

【近义词】鸣鼓而攻

【押韵词】穷通得失、倒行逆施、称物平施、费尽心思、抓拿骗吃、剿抚兼施、如醉如痴、力竭声嘶、命若悬丝、玩法徇私、......

【英语】convictanddenounceinpublic

【成语故事】春秋时期，鲁国的季康子主张改革农田制度，承认私人可以拥有土地，想试行按亩征税，他的属下冉求是孔子的学生，就让冉求去征询孔子的意见。孔子反对改变王法，冉求支持季康子的改革，孔子就号召他的其他学生敲着鼓去进攻冉求

【示例】此秀才中之异端，尔其鸣鼓而攻之！但念在天色已晚，可与同居中国，速领他到西小房去！ 清·李百川《绿野仙踪》第七回

冰山难靠这则成语的意思是比喻依靠别人权势不能长久。

这个成语来源于《资治通鉴》，君辈倚杨右相如泰山，吾以为冰山耳！若皎日既出，君辈得无失所恃乎！

唐玄宗李隆基特别宠爱杨玉环，封她为贵妃。这下杨家便鸡犬升天了，她的堂兄杨国忠也官运亨通做了宰相，还兼领四十余个使官，大权在握，朝廷选任官吏都在他家里私下决定。

当时，陕西有一个进士，名叫张彖（tuan）没有机会作官。他的朋友们都劝他去拜见杨国忠，那样立刻就能升官发财。可是他始终不去，反倒对劝他的朋友说：你们都把杨国忠看得像泰山一样稳固，可是我以为他不过是一座冰山罢了。将来天下有了动乱，他就会垮掉，好比冰山遇到太阳化掉一样，到那时候你们就失掉靠山了。不久，安禄山起兵叛乱，攻下京城长安，杨国忠随同唐玄宗逃往四川，在马嵬驿，被士兵杀死。杨贵妃也被缢死，杨家这座靠山果然塌倒了。