指鹿为马成语典故精品20篇

【出处】《淮南子·人问训》。

【释义】比喻得失无常，祸福相倚。

【历史典故】

战国时期，有位老汉住在与胡人相邻的边塞地区，他们一家人以养马为生，来来往往的过客都尊称他为“塞翁”。塞翁生性达观，为人处世的方法与众不同。

有一天，塞翁家的马群中，有一匹马不知什么原因，迷了路，回不来了。邻居们得知这一消息以后，纷纷跑来安慰他。塞翁却不以为意，反而释怀地劝慰大伙：“各位有心了。丢了一匹马，不是什么大的损失，但谁知道它会不会带来好的结果呢？”邻居们听了个个疑惑不解。没过几天，塞翁家的那匹迷途老马从塞外跑了回来，并且还带回了一匹胡人骑的骏马。邻居们听说了，又一齐来向塞翁贺喜，并夸他有远见。这时的塞翁却满脸愁容，他忧心忡忡地对众人说：“唉，白白得到了一匹马，谁知道会不会给我带来什么灾祸呢？”塞翁的话又让大家百思不得其解。

看到这匹胡人骑的骏马，塞翁的独子喜不自禁，天天骑马兜风。有一天，他因一时疏忽，竟从飞驰的马上掉了下来，命虽然保住了，但摔伤了一条腿。善良的邻居们闻讯后，前来慰问，塞翁还是那句老话：“谁知道它会不会带来好的结果呢？”

又过了一年，胡人大举入侵中原，身强力壮的青年都被征去当了兵，结果十有八九都在战场上送了命。而塞翁的独子因为是个跛子，免服兵役，所以也得以保全了自己的性命。

【成长心语】

老子说：“祸兮福之所倚，福兮祸之所伏。”祸往往与福同在，福中往往潜伏着祸。得到了不一定就是好事，失去了也不见得是坏事。正确地看待个人的得失，才能真正有所收获。人不应该为表面得到的而沾沾自喜，认识任何事物，应该认识其根本。得也应得到真的东西，不要为虚假的东西所迷惑。失去固然可惜，但也要看失去的是什么，如果是自身的缺点、问题，这样的失又有什么值得惋惜的呢？将得失看淡一点，人生会更幸福。

汉血马以前脖子流出的汉有红色物质，像流血一般，故称之。中国古代称为 「大宛马」、「两极天马」，现称为「阿哈马」。 二千年前，世界马种处于原始土种状态，中亚土库曼斯坦干旱少雨的沙漠绿洲中，已曾有十分优秀的快马——汉血马。

张骞出塞发现了汉血马。当张骞向汉武帝汇报大宛马后，武帝便命张骞带百余人的使团去了大宛国(今土库曼斯坦)求马，带一尊黄金马的模型，希望以此重新换回大宛马。结果大宛国不允，归途中汉使被杀，金马遇劫，大宛国是一封闭小国，并不知中国的强大，此种行为使汉武帝大怒，逐作出武力取马的决定，从此爆发了两次大宛马战争。

李广利将军率兵数万人首次惩罚失利，第二次大获全胜，大宛国献出三千匹马给汉朝，二次战争始得大宛马，可见汉朝重视马匹到何种程度。当今纯血种中含有百分之二十多的汉血马血统，而今汉血马是最长寿马，可活到二十三岁。

东施效颦

Xi Shi, a famous beauty, had a pain in her bosom(胸部) , so she had a frown

on her face when she went out. An ugly girl who lived nearby saw her and thought

she looked very beautiful. therefore when she went home, she also put her hands

on her bosom and had a frown on her face.

When a rich man in the neighbourhood saw her, he shut his doors tightly and

did not go out. When a poor man saw her, he took his wife and children and gave

her a wide berth(保持安全距离) .

She only knew Xi Shis frown looked beautiful but she did not know the

reason for its beauty.

万事俱备 只欠东风

China has been divided into three kingdoms historically: Wei in the north,

Shu in the southwest and Wu in the southeast.

Once Cao Cao from Wei led a 200,000 strong army down to the south to wipe

out the kingdoms of Wu and Shu. Therefore, Wu and Shu united to defend his

attack. Cao ordered his men to link up the boats by iron chains to form a bridge

for the Caos passing from the north bank of Yangtze River to the south bank.

The General Commander of the allied army was Zhou Yu. He analyzed the situation

carefully. Then he got a good idea. He decided to attack the enemy with fire. So

he began to prepare for the neting battle. Suddenly he thought of the direction

of wind. He needed the east wind to blow strongly in order to acnetplish his

scheme. However, the wind did not nete for days. Thus Zhou Yu was worried about

it. At that time, he got a note from Zhuge Liang, the military adviser of the

State of Shu, which reads:

"To fight Cao Cao

Fire will help you win

Everything is ready

Except the east wind"

Quickly he turned to Zhuge Liang for help. Zhuge told him not to worry and

there would be an east wind in a couple of days. Two days later, the east wind

helped Zhou acnetplish his scheme. At last, the allied army won the war.

Later, people use it to say "All is ready except what is crucial".

专心致志

Yi Qiu was known as the most famous expert at chess throughout the land.

Once he gave lessons on chess to two men. One of them was netpletely absorbed in

his teaching, listening attentively to Yi Qiu while the other, who seemed to be

listening, had his mind on something else. In fact, he was having a fancy that a

swan was flying towards him and he had in his hands a bow and an arrow, ready to

shoot. As a result, though he was having the same lesson together with the first

man, yet he turned out a much inferior(差的，自卑的) pupil.

If one does not give single-hearted devotion to it, no skills will be

learned.

一技之长

Gong sun Long , is a famous scholar lived in the State of Zhao during the

Warring States Period (475-221BC). He had kept a circle skilled people around

him. He often said, "A wise man should welnete anyone with a specialty."

One day, a man dressed in tattered(破烂的) and dirty clothes came to see him

and said to him:" I have a special skill. "

Gong asked: "What is it?"

"I have a loud voice and Im good at shouting."

Then Gong turned to his followers and asked," Who is good at shouting?" But

none of them answered "Yes ". So the scholar took the man in.

Some days later, Gong and his followers went on a trip. They came to a wide

river and found the ferryboat was on the other side of the river. All of them

had no idea. Suddenly, Gong thought of the shouting expert and turned to him,

"Can you have a try?" The man realized it was the chance to show his skill. He

shouted to the ferryman as loud as he could, "Hey, ferryman, nete here, we want

to cross the river." As his voice ended, the ferryman came to fetch them. Gong

was very satisfied with the new follower.

Later, people use it to describe anyone who has a special professional

skill.

相敬如宾

During the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC), there was a high official

in the State of Jin. He once saw a farmer working in the field and his wife

bringing his lunch to him in a very respectful manner. He showed great interest

in the matter. He took the farmer back to Jin with him, and said to the King of

Jin, "Respect is a demonstration of virtue. If one is respectful, he must be

virtuous. We should educate our people with virtue." But the King asked, "His

father is guilty, is it wise to do so?" He replied, "Guan Zhong had been enemy

to the Duke Huan of Qi, but the duke appointed Guan Zhong prime minister and

finally acnetplished his hegemony. Shun exiled Gun but promoted his son Yu. You

just make use of his strong points." At last, Duke Wen took his advice and put

the farmer in an important position.

Later, this idiom means a couple treats each other with respect like

guests.

郑人买履

A man of the state of Zheng wanted to buy a pair of shoes. He measured his

foot and put the measurement on a chair. When he set out for the market he

forgot to bring it along. It was after he had found the pair he wanted that this

occurred to him.

I forgot the measurement, said he.

He went home to get it but when he returned the market had broken up and he

did not get his shoes after all.

Why didnt you try on the shoes with your feet?

He was asked.

I d rather trust the measurement than trust myself.

入木三分

Wang Xi-zhi is one of the most famous calligraphers(书法家) during the Eastern

Jin Dynasty of China. When he was very young, he practiced his art every day and

never stopped.

Later he absorbed the strong points of all the other schools of

calligraphy, and developed his own unique style of writing. Because of his

achievements, he has been honored as one of Chinas sages of calligraphy. One

time, Wang Xi-zhi sketched in wood for an engraver to cut. Then the engraver

found the ink had penetrated one centimeter into the wood.

"Ru Mu San Fen" is got from this story, which means the calligraphy is

penetrating.

Now it is often used to describe expressing sharp ideas or profound

views.

望梅止渴

Among the outstanding figures of Chinese history, famous either for their

intelligence or treachery(背叛,变节), Cao Cao is one of the foremost.

One hot day, he marched out his troops under a burning sun in a mountainous

area. Bewilderingly(令人困惑地) he lost the way. The journey was long and the sun was

scorching. After their fruitless and tiresome march, all voiced their great

dissatisfaction with the leadership of Cao Cao. They bitterly complained of

their great thirst. The antagonism(对抗) of the soldiers was growing fast and they

were on the verge of staging a mutiny(兵变). The subordinate officers were

helpless to cope with the situation.

Cao Cao, however, in the nick of time cleverly and treacherously gave

orders to his troops to march to the nearby plum trees for a rest and announced

that soldiers would be allowed to eat the juicy sour(酸的) fruit as much as they

desired.

At the thought of the sour fruit the soldiers complaint of great thirst as

well as the antagonistic feeling were quickly forgotten.

Based on the story the later generation formed the proverb "to quench ones

thirst by looking up at plums", to illustrate a case where one takes comfort in

believing that they have already attained that which was expected or

desired.

买椟还珠

A man from the state of Chu wanted to sell a precious pearl in the state of

Zheng. He made a casket(小箱，棺材) for the pearl out of the wood from a magnolia(木兰)

tree, which he fumigated(熏制) with spices. He studded the casket with pearls and

jade, ornamented it with red gems and decorated it with kingfisher(翠鸟) feathers.

A man of the state of Zheng bought the casket and gave him back the pearl.

Too luxuriant(丰富的，奢华的) decoration usually supersedes(取代) what really

counts. This man from Chu certainly knew how to sell a casket but he was no good

at selling his pearl. And the man of Zheng didnt know which is really

valuable.

叶公好龙

In the Spring and Autumn Period, there lived in Chu a person named Chu

Zhuliang, who addressed himself as "Lord Ye".

Its said that this Lord Ye was very fond of dragons. The walls had dragons

painted on them. The beams, pillars, doors and the windows were all carved with

them. As a result, his love for dragons was spread out. When the real dragon in

heaven heard of this Lord Ye, he was deeply moved. He decided to visit Lord Ye

to thank him.

You might think Lord Ye was very happy to see a real dragon. But, actually,

at very the sight of the creature, he was scared out of his wits and ran away as

fast as he could.

From then on, people knew that Lord Ye only loved pictures or carvings

which look like dragons, not the real thing.

【拼音】paacute;n mǎ wān gōng

【成语故事】唐朝时期，从小失去父母的韩愈在嫂子扶养下，刻苦好学，25岁考中进士，当时不能安排做大官，只能在武军节度使张建手下做推官，他随张建去打野鸡，即兴作《雉带箭》诗：“原头火猎静兀兀，野雉畏鹰出复没。将军欲以巧伏人，盘马弯弓惜不发。”

【出处】将军欲以巧伏人，盘马弯弓惜不发。  唐·韩愈《雉带箭》诗

【解释】驰马盘旋，张弓要射。形容摆开架势，准备作战。后比喻故做惊人的姿态，实际上并不立即行动。

【用法】作谓语、宾语、定语；指故做姿态

【近义词】故作姿态

【反义词】立竿见影、不得不发

【示例】不知道袁世凯这种盘马弯弓，适可而止，就是对民军一打一拉。  李六如《六十年代的变迁》第六章

【注音】mǎ rù huá shān

【成语故事】商朝末年，商纣王荒淫无度，百姓怨声载道。周武王率领大军把商都包围起来，商纣王登上鹿台放火自杀。周武王建立周朝，定都镐京，让士兵回家从事农业生产，把征用的牛马全部退还，让全国老百姓过上安居乐业的日子。

【出处】乃偃武修文，归马于华山之阳，放牛于桃林之野，示天下弗服。 《书·武成》

【解释】表示天下太平，不再打仗。

【用法】作定语；用于社会局面

【结构】主谓式

【相近词】马放南山、归马放牛

【同韵词】暗礁险滩、两脚居间、色胆包天、吹毛索瘢、燕婉之欢、浓荫蔽天、老鹤乘轩、斗酒百篇、情巧万端、一枕槐安

【成语示列】当今鹿台已散，离宫已遣，兵藏武库，马入华山。 北周·庚信《贺平邺都表》

释义

马的牙齿，随着年龄的增长而增加。现一般用于自谦，意思是年龄虽然增大了，但学问没有长进，事业没有成就，白白地度过了日子。

出处

战国·梁縠赤《梁传·僖縠公二年》。

故事

春秋时期，晋献公一心想要吞并虢国，但是攻伐虢国必定要经过虞国。晋献公怕虞国不肯轻易让路，这可是个大问题。

大夫荀息便对晋献公献策：“大王，依小臣之见，不如以骏马和美玉作为交换条件，贿赂虞王，以便向虞国借路。”晋献公没有做声，美玉和骏马是他的两样至宝，他实在有些舍不得。于是，荀息又说：“大王，骏马和美玉可以再夺回，而虢国却不可多得啊。”晋献公沉思半日，终于接受了大夫的意见。

虞王对晋国献来的美玉和骏马爱不释手，一口允诺为晋国攻打虢国让出一条路。于是晋国轻而易举地把虢国灭亡了。

但是，晋献公却一直闷闷不乐，荀息猜出了晋献公的心事，于是对晋献公说：“大王，小臣曾说过，‘骏马和美玉可以再夺回’，现在虞国对我们毫不设防，不如我们来个一网打尽，同时吞并虞国，夺回大王的两样至宝。”

晋献公同意。回师的路上，晋国果真又占领了虞国。荀息牵回骏马，手中捧着美玉走向前去，对晋献公说：“大王，美玉还是那块美玉，只是骏马的牙齿增长了。”（“璧则犹是也，而马齿加长矣。”）后人以此话引申出“马齿徒增”这句成语。

马的成语故事一：

伯乐本来的名字叫孙阳，他是春秋秦穆公时的人，很会辨别马匹的好坏，是著名的相马师，所以人们叫他伯乐（天上星宿名称，传闻专管天马）。有一次，伯乐经过虞阪，眼睛一亮，看见一匹千里马；但是这匹马却被人当成劣马，用来拉车。伯乐觉得十分的痛心，不禁泪如雨下。这匹马彷佛也知道伯乐很同情它，也口吐白沫，连连嘶叫起来。

伯乐有一个朋友名叫方九皋，也很会相马。有一次，他找来了一匹骏马，告诉秦穆公说这是黄色的雌马。秦穆公牵来一看，却是一匹栗色的雄马，不禁大失所望。事后，穆公对伯乐说：「方九皋连雄马、雌马，以及毛色都分不清楚了，怎么可能看得出马的好坏呢？」伯乐不以为然，他认为方九皋看重马的内在精神，而不重外形。穆公听了，再牵出马仔细的察看，果然是天下最好的马。

人们常把具有赏识人才的眼力的人比做伯乐，而把有用的人才比做千里马，这就是「伯乐相马。

马的成语故事二：

汉血马以前脖子流出的汉有红色物质，像流血一般，故称之。中国古代称为「大宛马」、「两极天马」，现称为「阿哈马」。二千年前，世界马种处于原始土种状态，中亚土库曼斯坦干旱少雨的沙漠绿洲中，已曾有十分优秀的快马——汉血马。

张骞出塞发现了汉血马。当张骞向汉武帝汇报大宛马后，武帝便命张骞带百余人的使团去了大宛国（今土库曼斯坦）求马，带一尊黄金马的模型，希望以此重新换回大宛马。结果大宛国不允，归途中汉使被杀，金马遇劫，大宛国是一封闭小国，并不知中国的强大，此种行为使汉武帝大怒，逐作出武力取马的决定，从此爆发了两次大宛马战争。

李广利将军率兵数万人首次惩罚失利，第二次大获全胜，大宛国献出三千匹马给汉朝，二次战争始得大宛马，可见汉朝重视马匹到何种程度。当今纯血种中含有百分之二十多的汉血马血统，而今汉血马是最长寿马，可活到二十三岁。

马的成语故事三：

古时候，在我国北方的边城住着一位老人，大家都喜欢叫他“塞翁”。

塞翁饲养了一匹壮马。一天，马走失了，邻居们都来宽慰他。他笑着说：“怎么知道这不是福呢？”几个月后，走失的马回来了，身后还跟着一匹好马！邻居们都来祝贺。塞翁说：“怎么知道不能成为祸呢？”果然，他的儿子骑马时跌断了一条腿。邻居们又来劝慰他。塞翁说：“怎么知道这不是福呢？”一年后，打仗了。村里的青年人都被强征入伍，十个有九个死在战场上。只有他跛脚的儿子留在了家里，保住了一条命。

塞翁失马，比喻坏事有时反而可以变成好事。

【注音】míng gǔ ér gōng zhī

【典故】非吾徒也，小子鸣鼓而攻之可也。 《论语·先进》

【释义】比喻宣布罪状，遣责或声讨。

【用法】作谓语；指公开声讨

【近义词】鸣鼓而攻

【押韵词】穷通得失、倒行逆施、称物平施、费尽心思、抓拿骗吃、剿抚兼施、如醉如痴、力竭声嘶、命若悬丝、玩法徇私、......

【英语】convictanddenounceinpublic

【成语故事】春秋时期，鲁国的季康子主张改革农田制度，承认私人可以拥有土地，想试行按亩征税，他的属下冉求是孔子的学生，就让冉求去征询孔子的意见。孔子反对改变王法，冉求支持季康子的改革，孔子就号召他的其他学生敲着鼓去进攻冉求

【示例】此秀才中之异端，尔其鸣鼓而攻之！但念在天色已晚，可与同居中国，速领他到西小房去！ 清·李百川《绿野仙踪》第七回

【注音】mǎ shàng dé tiān xià

【出处】陆生时时前说称《诗》《书》。高帝骂之曰：‘乃公居马上而得之，安事《诗》《书》！’陆生曰：‘居马上得之，宁可以马上治之乎？且汤武逆取而以顺守之，文武并用，长久之术也。’ 《史记·郦生陆贾列传》

【解释】喻指武功建国。

【用法】作主语、宾语、定语；指凭武功建国

【结构】联合式

【相近词】马上功成

【押韵词】物众地大、水广鱼大、才疏志大、女长须嫁、狂妄自大、度量宏大、耽惊受怕、堂皇正大、赶鸭子上架、霄鱼垂化……

【年代】古代

【英文】at once； right away； on the moment； by the run； in half a shake

【成语故事】西汉时期，陆生经常在人面前谈到《诗书》。高帝十分反感说：“乃公居马上得之。安事《诗》《书》！”陆生不服气说：“居马上得之，宁可以马上之乎？且汤武逆取而以顺守之，文武并用，长久之术也。”

【成语示列】五年马上得天下，富贵乐在归故乡。 元·萨都刺《登歌风台》

【成语名字】权移马鹿

【汉语拼音】quán yí mǎ lù

【近义词】：指鹿为马

【反义词】：实事求是、 是非分明

【成语出处】语出秦·赵高指鹿为马事。

【成语解释】指恃权专横跋扈，任意颠倒是非。

【权移马鹿造句】现代社会,颠倒是非、权移马鹿的做法是行不通的。

【权移马鹿的成语故事】

秦二世时期，赵高骑着一头鹿在群臣中行走，秦王说：丞相为什么骑着一头鹿？赵高答到：这是一头马！秦王说：丞相错把鹿当做马了。赵高说：大王认为臣的话不正确，您可以问问臣子们，一半臣子说是鹿，另一半说是马，而这个时候秦王没法相信自己，所以相信了这个乱臣贼子的话。因此反映了秦二世时期丞相赵高专权的情况。

成语名称：盲人骑瞎马

成语拼音：máng rén qí xiā mǎ

成语用法：作宾语、定语；指十分危险。

实用性：常用

感情色彩：贬义词

成语结构：主谓式

成语年代：古代

成语解释：瞎子骑上瞎眼的马。比喻盲无目的地冲撞，危险之极。

成语来源：南朝·宋·刘义庆《世说新语·排调》：“盲人骑瞎马，夜半临深池。”

成语造句：刘知侠《铁道游击队》第24章：“他又陷入过去‘盲人骑瞎马’的境地。”

盲人骑瞎马的成语故事

东晋文学家顾恺之到殷仲堪家中做客，恒温的儿子恒玄也在，三人高兴抽签玩文字游戏，就“危”字他们说道：“矛头淅米剑头炊”、“百岁老翁攀枯枝”、“井上辘轳卧婴儿”，旁人道“盲人骑瞎马，夜半临深池”，独眼的殷仲堪十分不悦。

盲字开头的成语

盲人骑瞎    盲人摸象

包含有盲字的成语

盲人摸象    盲人骑瞎