积极应对人口老龄化作文20篇

The line chart depicts that the percentage of those aged over 60 increased moderately from 6% of the total population in 1990 to 15% in 2010 in China. It is predicted that the proportion will amount to 25% in 2020 and 30% in 2040.

Quite a few factors can account for this phenomenon, but the following might be the critical ones: for one thing, with the implementation of Chinas family planning policy and the improvement of peoples living standard, fewer and fewer people are willing to have more children. Therefore, the birth rate has dramatically dropped, which results in a low proportion of youngsters and a higher proportion of elders. For another, due to the fact that more hospitals are equipped with advanced medical instruments and more professional staffs, many incurable diseases now can be easily cured. As a result, the public can enjoy an increased life span, adding to the growing proportion of old people.

The aging of the population is also a result of social progress and economic development. However, this phenomenon will be likely to bring about some undesirable consequences in the future. Hence it is high time that we figured out some ways to face the up-coming challenges.

[人口老龄化英语作文

我国人口老龄化的主要特点是：第一，人口老龄化提前达到高峰。20世纪后期，为控制人口的急剧增长，国家推行计划生育政策，使得人口出生率迅速下降，加快了我国人口老龄化的进程。由于下世纪前半叶人口压力仍然沉重，还要继续坚持计划生育的国策，其结果将不可避免地使我国提早达到人口老龄化高峰。第二，在社会经济不太发达状态下进入人口老龄化。先期进入老龄化社会的一些发达国家，目前人均国民生产总值达到20000美元以上，呈现出“先富后老”，这为解决人口老龄化带来的问题奠定了经济基础。而我国进入老龄化社会时，人均国民生产总值约为1000美元，呈现出“未富先老”，由于经济实力还不强，无疑增加了解决老龄化问题的难度。第三，在多重压力下渡过人口老龄化阶段。下个世纪前半叶，我国在建立和完善社会主义市场经济体制过程中，改革和发展的任务繁重，经济和社会要可持续发展，社会要保持稳定，各种矛盾错综复杂，使得解决人口老龄化问题相对发达国家和人口少的国家更为艰巨。

那么，对于我国的人口老龄化问题我们该怎样去解决呢：中国人口变化的最大特点是“未富先老”，2000年，中国65岁以上老人占人口结构比重为6。8%，与世界平均水平完全一样，至2009年，中国的老龄化比例已达8。3%，显着赶超世界平均水平7。5%。这是中国社科院人口与劳动经济研究所所长蔡昉在中国经济50人论坛2011年年会的演讲重点，“未富先老”将成为“十二五”最重要的挑战。

许多国家在下一世纪将经历人口老龄化，由于出生率下降和死亡率。中国将很快加入他们的行列。据统计，中国人口老龄化，到下世纪中叶将接近高峰，超出60占总数的27。4%，年龄的人的百分比。这意味着，每四个人将老人。

由于老龄化问题，其情况已越来越多的事实，但日益严重的大多数人带来的问题仍然一无所知。首先，与家庭变得更小，生活的步伐不断升级，甚至更严重的家庭充分照顾岁成员。其次，老龄化导致的人少，以支持增加的老人的劳动人口的相对下降。因此，一定程度上影响整个社会的生产力。第三，也是最重要的是，中国的人口老龄化导致的成功实行计划生育的不同步，与国家的经济进步。

人口老龄化的速度，采取反措施的迫切。毫无疑问，他们的关键是建立一个坚实的经济基础。同时，应附的重要性，社会的全面进步，改变落后的情况下，在社会保障，福利和服务。更重要的是，家庭保健和社区服务也应予以鼓励。

题目预测：

1. 我国人口老龄化现象日趋明显

2. 人口老龄化带来的问题

3. 如何妥善解决人口老龄化问题

参考范文：Aging of the Population

Population officials and demographers have much to worry about China’s increasingly aging population. It is estimated that the proportion of people aged 60 or older in China will rise to 11.8 percent in 2020. By the middle of this century, people aged beyond 60 will take up 27.4 percent of the total population — that means one out of every four people will be senior!

The aging population poses a serious challenge to families and the society. On the one hand, with families becoming smaller and living pace escalating, it is even graver for families to care for aged members adequately. On the other hand, aging causes a relative decline in working force. Consequently, the productivity of the whole society will be affected to some extent.

The rapidity of the population’s aging has made it more urgent for the adoption of countermeasures. There is no doubt that the key is to build a solid economic foundation. Meanwhile, importance should be attached to overall social progress by changing the backward situation in social security, welfare and service. What’s more, family care and community-based services should also be encouraged.

参考译文：

人口官员和人口统计学家担心中国日益老化的人口。据估计,在中国60岁以上的人口比例将上升到2020年的11.8%。到本世纪中叶,年龄超过60岁的人将占总人口的27.4%,这意味着每四个人中就有一个将高级!

老年人对家庭和社会造成严重的挑战。一方面,随着家庭变得较小,生活节奏不断升级,甚至严重的家庭照顾年龄成员充分。另一方面,老化导致工作相对衰落的力量。因此,整个社会的生产力将受到影响在某种程度上。

人口老龄化的速度使采取应对措施变得更为紧迫。毫无疑问,解决问题的关键是建立稳固的经济基础。与此同时,应该重视整体的社会进步,改变落后的状况在社会保障、福利和服务。除此之外,应该鼓励家庭照料和社区服务。

题目要求：

1. 我国人口老龄化现象日趋明显

2. 人口老龄化带来的问题

3. 如何妥善解决人口老龄化问题

参考范文：

Aging of the Population

Population officials and demographers have much to worry about China’s increasingly aging population. It is estimated that the proportion of people aged 60 or older in China will rise to 11.8 percent in 2020. By the middle of this century, people aged beyond 60 will take up 27.4 percent of the total population — that means one out of every four people will be senior!

The aging population poses a serious challenge to families and the society. On the one hand, with families becoming smaller and living pace escalating, it is even graver for families to care for aged members adequately. On the other hand, aging causes a relative decline in working force. Consequently, the productivity of the whole society will be affected to some extent.

The rapidity of the population’s aging has made it more urgent for the adoption of countermeasures. There is no doubt that the key is to build a solid economic foundation. Meanwhile, importance should be attached to overall social progress by changing the backward situation in social security, welfare and service. What’s more, family care and community-based services should also be encouraged.

在越来越多的发达国家中，我们看到了以下趋势：收入增长了，人们却开始变得晚婚晚育了。这种结果表明人口统计变化了，人们变老了。尽管拥有更多的老年人看起来像是件好事，(比如他们善良，热心)，但不管这本身内在的价值有多少，这都将会对经济和社会产生严重的影响。

首先，为了增加一个国家的GDP，每年需要生产出更多的产品和服务。随着人口老龄化以及更多的人退休，剩下工作的人变少了，并且产生出经济空白。结果是诸如此类的国家不得不依靠移民来填补这一空缺，尽管这可能在某种层面上起作用，这将是不尽如意的解决措施。其次，随着更多的人进入到老年，他们将会面临健康问题，这会对医疗和其他社会项目带来巨大压力。在大多数国家里，政府至少要为医疗的某些费用买单，更不用说像是养老金之类的费用了，这都意味着有一大笔费用要支付。

仅仅看到其不利的一面是目光短浅的。我们不应该直接把愤怒强加在老人身上。老人依然能够对社会做出有价值的贡献，无论这意味着帮着照看第三代，从事兼职还是做义工。从个体层面上说，老人是一笔真正的财富。

总之，政府应该认识到老龄化社会所带来的挑战，并采取有效的措施。但是除了解决老龄化社会所产生的短期影响外，政府还应该从长计议，尽全力在将来实现年龄平衡。

Nowadays we have to face the problem that there is a sharp increasing in population of China,and people tend to get more and more old,but many of us didnt realize it,and still ignore the Family planning,especially rural areas,4 people or even more in a family isnt a strange phenomenon.There is another important problem that more male than female needs to be paied more attention.If we all want to solve these questions,all we have to do is not only government appeal to all of us ,but als o everyone of this country get down to this.

翻译：

如今我们必须面对一个问题,那就是中国人口不断暴涨,人口老龄化趋势日益严重,可是很多人并没有意识到这一点,依然弃计划生育于不顾,特别是农村人口,常常一家4口甚至更多.男多于女是人口的另一个重要问题,需要引起我们的重视.要解决这一切不仅需要政府的呼吁还需要我们大家着手去做.

目前80后、90后普遍生育意愿较低，生活成本较高，梁建章认为，未来需要更多地考虑推行鼓励生育的政策，只有人口结构年轻化，社会和市场的创新活力才会释放。

“首先教育资源要公平，其次是居民，尤其是年轻人的住房要保证。”杨燕绥说。但这些想法落地面临着巨大困难。杨燕绥指出，虽然我国设立了专门应对人口老龄化问题的全国老龄工作委员会办公室，但这个部门难以协调其他部门，导致“政出多门”。

梁建章认为，放开户籍制度管理是值得考虑的一个出路。现在越来越多的年轻人住在大城市，如果不放开户籍限制，他们就很难在大城市生儿育女，因为在这些城市难落户，家庭住房、小孩上学等都会成问题。

但他提醒，户籍管理的放开要与城市规划同步，比如需要考虑如何提供更多的教育资源，如何增加大城市的土地和住房供应，如何改善交通，治疗“大城市病”。

老年人都是包袱吗?杨燕绥认为未必。未来可以通过挖掘“银发经济”拉动经济，以减轻年轻人养老负担，实现养老压力的代际平衡。在她看来，迎接未来的“银发经济”需要决策者提前做好准备，实现“有备而老”。

在世界人口走向老龄化和发达国家人口老龄化发展的同时，中国人口老龄化也在加剧。人口老龄化的产生，正是社会进步、经济发展的结果。中国人口转变新中国成立，起先是死亡率明显而迅速地下降。而全国性的生育率转变则始于20世纪70年代初期国家计划生育政策的介入，并迅速由高生育率水平转向低生育率水平。这样，人口的老龄化就导致了劳动力人口负担不断增大的问题，影响了我国社会经济的发展，并对相应基础设施、法律制度等物质及精神各方面的建设提出了新的要求。

针对这一情况全国老龄委发布了《中国老龄事业发展“十一五”规划》，提出了“十一五”期间，、医疗保障、社会救助等，以及老龄事业基础设施建设、老年产业、老年精神文化生活等方面所要实现的目标和任务。我们既要正确认识中国人口老龄化的形成原因、基本特征、发展趋势以及可能产生的社会经济后果，更要弄清人口老龄化对社会经济运行及可持续发展的影响。惟此，才能提高决策的科学性和可行性，解决好人口老龄化问题，为实施可持续发展战略创造有利的人口环境。通过对人口老龄化的科学内涵的界定，明确我国人口老龄化的成因。通过对人口老龄化的演进过程的研究，重点阐述我国人口老龄化的特征及其对经济、社会和家庭等各方面的影响，从，提出解决人口老龄化问题的相应对策措施。

中国的人口问题、社会问题一直是四六级考试考察的比较多的内容，下面是一篇关于人口老龄化的四级作文押题预测，大家趁机来给自己的作文充电吧。

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitle Population Burden . You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below in Chinese.

1.人口老龄化问题正困扰着中国。

2.人口老龄化带来的问题。

3.应采取怎样的措施，谈谈自己的观点。

题目分析：

在世界人口走向老龄化和发达国家人口老龄化发展的同时，中国人口老龄化也在加剧。人口老龄化的产生，正是社会进步、经济发展的结果。

参考范文：

Population Burden

Many countries will experience aging populations in the next century because of declining birth and mortality rates. China will soon join their ranks.

As for the issue of aging, its situation has been growing increasingly severe in spite of the fact most people are still ignorant of the problems it brings about. Firstly, with families becoming smaller and living pace escalating, it is even graver for families to care for aged members adequately. Secondly, aging causes a relative decline in working force in that fewer people have to support the increasing aged people. Consequently, the productivity of the whole society is affected to some extent. Thirdly and most importantly, the aging of population in China resulted from the successful implementation of family planning has not been synchronized with national economic progress.

The rapidity of the populations aging has made it more urgent for the adoption of countermeasures. No doubt they key is to build a solid economic foundation. Meanwhile, importance shall be attached to overall social progress by changing the backward situation in social security, welfare and service. Whats more, family care and community services shall also be encouraged.

重要词汇：

aging population 老年人口

birth rate 出生率

mortality rate 死亡率

ignorant of 不知道 不懂

graver 更严重的

adequately 充分地

productivity 生产力

implementation 执行

family planning 计划生育

rapidity 速度 在这用rapidity比speed 好~

countermeasure 对策

solid economic foundation 稳固的经济基础

Population old age人口老龄化

Population burden人口负担

Old age social security老年社会保障

Sustainable development可持续发展

练完这篇四级作文押题预测以后，考生要注意归纳总结，以后在考试中遇到这类社会问题的作文就不用怕了。

Most senior citizens retire or no longer work full-time. They usually live in their own houses not far from their childrens, while the children of a few senior citizens have gone abroad and work or study far beyond the oceans. For certain senior citizens, tile years after retirement are not very enjoyable. First, they feel that their lives lose meaning for being at home all day. In addition, they may feel lonely, especially those without children around. Moreover, they become more concerned with their health, as they grow older, and worry a lot about their safety. At the same time, many senior citizens enjoy their lives. They feel free to do things they were not able to do when they were working and raising their families. They spend their time travelling, doing exercises or watching TV. They get together with their fellow members who have the common interests and equal free time.

大多数的老人退休或不再做全职工作。他们通常住在离自己孩子的房子不远的房子里面，但是一些老人的孩子们已出国学习或者工作。一些老人，退休后的日子并不是很愉快。首先，因为整天待在家里让他们觉得自己的生活失去了意义。此外，他们会感到孤独，特别是那些孩子不在身边的。再者，随着他们年龄的增长，他们更关心自己的健康，并且很担心自己的安全。同时，很多老年人也很享受他们的生活。他们有空做一些在他们工作或者养家的时候不能做的事情。他们旅行，运动和看电视。让他们与其他有着共同兴趣和相同时间的成员在一起。

In fact, there are some still continuing their work, not just for money, but to show their value. However, no one really wants to be old, and perhaps all like to be young forever.

事实上，有一些还是继续他们的工作，不只是为了钱，更是要证明自己的价值。然而，没有人真的想变老，或许大家都想永远年轻。

[人口老龄化雅思作文

两个方面含义：一是指老年人口相对增多，在总人口中所占比例不断上升的过程;二是指社会人口结构呈现老年状态，进入老龄化社会。国际上通常看法是，当一个国家或地区60岁以上老年人口占人口总数的10%，或65岁以上老年人口占人口总数的7%，即意味着这个国家或地区的人口处于老龄化社会。老龄问题包括老年人问题与老龄化问题，而老年人问题与老龄化问题相联系，但又不完全相同，一般把有关老年人的社会保障和权益保护看作“老年人问题”，把有关老年人增加对社会经济发展的影响称为“老龄化问题”，这是从人类社会经济发展的范畴来认识老龄问题。

目前，全世界60岁以上老年人口总数已达6亿，有60多个国家的老年人口达到或超过人口总数的10%，进入了人口老龄化社会行列。像古巴、俄罗斯、东欧、芬兰、中国、澳大利亚、还有非洲的一些国家。基本上人多的国家和发达国家占主要。人口老龄化的迅速发展，引起了联合国及世界各国政府的重视和关注。80年代以来，联合国曾两次召开老龄化问题世界大会，并将老龄化问题列入历届联大的重要议题，先后通过了《老龄问题国际行动计划》、《十。一国际老年人节》、《联合国老年人原则》、《1992至2001年解决人口老龄化问题全球目标》、《世界老龄问题宣言》、《1999国际老年人年》等一系列重要决议和文件。提醒各会员国“铭记着二十一世纪的社会老龄化是人类历史上前所未有的，对任何社会都是一项重大的挑战”，吁请各会员国“加强或设立老龄化问题国家级协调机构”，“在国家、区域和地方各级制定综合战略，把老龄问题纳入国家的发展计划中”，“为老龄化社会的来临做好各项准备工作”，提出了“建立不分年龄人人共享的社会”的口号，以期增强人们对人口老龄化问题和老年人问题的重视。

老龄化为什么会成为问题?根据美国普查的研究，世界性的人口老龄化是“历史上未曾出现的社会现象”。人们可以把这一现象当作历史进步来庆祝。从根本上讲，这种人口转变是医疗进步、教育水平明显提高和经济发展的直接成就，也是公共卫生事业，例如饮用水卫生、克服营养不良、克服传染病和寄生虫疾病，以及降低母婴死亡率的结果。

Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, your should

(1) interpret the chart, and

(2) give your comment.

You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.

【范文】

Given is a table which clearly illustrates the striking trend of aged population in China from 1990 to 2050. During the first 22 years, the number of people aged 60 and above ascended slightly from 97.19 to 136 million, and since 2012 it is predicted that this number will surge remarkably, reaching 410 million in 2050. Meanwhile, the proportion of aged citizens revealed and will reveal the similar trend, and it will reach 27.4% in total population.

(二段版本一：分析老龄化社会问题和挑战)

Such a scenario can be naturally associated with various problems in aged society. For one thing, aged society is best characterized by the more burden for youngsters to support parents, which will enable younger generation to work harder. For another, compared with the past and today, the aged citizens will play a more important role in society. A case in point is their age for retiring will be extended. Therefore, a larger proportion of senior citizens have to take more responsibilities in work, family and society.

Accordingly, it is advisable for Chinese government to focus more eyesight on the coming challenges in the forthcoming future. Meanwhile, it is essential for China to work out comprehensive strategies to strengthen its social welfare to reduce young people’s stress.

此外二段还可以分析老龄化社会原因

Such a scenario can be naturally associated with various problems in aged society, but what resulted in this change above? For one thing, the past 30 years was best characterized by the policy of Family Plan in China, which enabled a host of families to have only one kid and enabled the proportion of youngsters to decline. For another, compared with the past, medical care and quality of life is and will be better; therefore, a larger proportion of people live longer. Consequently, the percentage of aged people showed and will show a trend of rise.

【译文】

所给是一个表格，清晰展示了中国老龄人口从1990年到2050年的明显趋势。在最初的22年中，60岁以上的人口数量从9719万缓慢增长至1.36亿;自2012年之后，据估计这个数字将飙升，并在2050年达到4.1亿。同时，老龄人口的比例也表现出并且将表现出类似趋势，将达到总人口的27.4%

这样的场景能自然联系到社会老龄化的各种问题。一方面，老龄社会典型特征将是年轻人更多的养老负担，这将使年轻一代更辛苦。另一方面，与过去和今天相比，老年人将在社会中发挥更重要的作用。典型例子就是他们的退休年龄将会延迟。因此，一大部分老年人不得不承担更多家庭、工作和社会责任。

因此，中国政府应更多关注未来的挑战。同时，中国应制定出综合性策略来提升社会福利并减轻年轻人的压力。

(此外二段还可以分析老龄化社会原因)

这样的场景能自然联系到社会老龄化的各种问题，但什么导致以上变化?一方面，过去的30年计划生育政策是个突出特征，这使得很多家庭只有一个孩子，也使得年轻人的比例下降。另一方面，于过去相比，今天的医疗和生活质量更好，将来也会持续更好。因此，很多人们寿命延长。因此，老龄人口的比重表现出并将继续表现出上升趋势。

​导语：人口老龄化是指总人口中因年轻人口数量减少、年长人口数量增加而导致的老年人口比例相应增长的动态。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

The problem of old age is known as one of the most serious problem in todays world. The old people can be seen everywhere. As is shown in the graph, the number of people in the world over the age of sixty will have increased to 600 million by the end of this century. And by the time, there will also be twice as many people over the age of eighty. In the ten years between 1970 and 1980, there was a 23.7% increase in the number of people aged over sixty-five in the industrial world, and an even bigger increase of 38.2% in the developing world.

With the development of economy, the rise in peoples living standards and the improvement of medical conditions, people are living longer and longer. Furthermore, birth rates are falling as the pace of population growth slows down. As a result, the number of old people in the world is experiencing an increase. Though the increase will cause manifold social and economic consequences, we can take effective measures to deal with it. So I believe a bright tomorrow for old people will be achieved through efforts of every person.

【参考译文】

老年问题被认为是当今世界最严重的问题之一。到处都可以看到老年人。如图所示，到本世纪末，六十岁以上的世界人口将增至6亿人。到那时，也会有两倍于八十岁以上的人。在1970至1980年间的十年间，工业世界六十五岁以上人口增加了23.7%，发展中世界人口增长了38.2%。

随着经济的发展，人民生活水平的提高，医疗条件的改善，人们的寿命越来越长。此外，随着人口增长速度放慢，出生率也在下降。结果，世界上老年人的数量正在增加。虽然增加会造成多种社会和经济后果，但我们可以采取有效措施加以处理。所以我相信，老年人的光明明天将通过每个人的努力来实现。

China has already begun to face an aging population. It is reported that by 2003 in China, the population over 65 years of age the proportion of the total population will reach 7%, which will allow China into the United Nations in 1956 set the population aging countries in the world. By 2020, this proportion will be increased to 10.85%, while in 2050, it will reach 20.43%.

At present, the time being will not become the worlds largest country in the elderly population. However, it is the process of aging faster than any other developing country. In fact, China will become the worlds population, one of the fastest aging process, this change brought to China unfavorable factors, it needs China to take a unique way to take care of the aging population.

Respect for the elderly project

In recent years, Chinas economy developed rapidly, with the strength becomes stronger, the state since 1990, security expenses for the elderly are more than 100 billion yuan every year, but also the state was increasing year after year, while also encouraging social and personal fund-raising, donations of non-juvenile welfare facilities set up to address a number of elderly people a sense of security, old age care issues. However, for a big country like China, but also there are other ways to those who need help to provide assistance for lonely elderly people. Care in the community, a warmth of respect for the elderly project in China, the rise of many young people took part in respecting the obligation to engineering work, they not only raised in all directions to bring the material assistance to the elderly, but also for their daily needs and get a wide range of help, thus bringing the warmth and love dedicated to the lonely and helpless old man.

This shows that the "senior citizen project," is Chinas aging population on the eve of a large number of old age to solve the problem of looking into a way to have multiple meanings, which not only brought the Gospel to the lonely elderly, but also carry forward the socialist spiritual civilization.

带翻译：

中国已经开始面临人口老龄化。据报道，到2003年，中国65岁以上人口占总人口的比例将达到7%，这将使中国在1956年联合国世界上人口老龄化国家。到2020年，这一比例将上升到10.85%，而在2050年，它将达到20.43%。

目前，暂时不会成为世界上最大的国家的老年人口。然而，它是一个过程，老化速度比其他发展中国家。事实上，中国将成为世界上人口老龄化最快的一个过程，这一变化将对中国不利的因素，它需要中国采取一种独特的方式照顾老年人。

尊重老年人的项目

近年来，中国经济发展迅速，与实力强大了，国家自1990年以来，安全费用为老年人每年超过1000亿元，而且该州增加了年复一年，同时也鼓励社会和个人募捐，捐款福利设施的设置来解决很多老年人一种安全感，老年护理的问题。然而，对于像中国这样一个大国，但也有其他方面需要帮助的人提供帮助孤独的老人。社区内照顾，温暖的尊重老年人的项目在中国的崛起，许多年轻人参加工程工作尊重的义务，他们不仅提高了四面八方，将材料帮助老人，而且对他们的日常需要和得到广泛的帮助，因此带来的温暖和爱献给孤独和无助的老人。

这表明“老年人项目，“是中国老龄化的前夕，大量的老来解决这个问题的调查方法有多个含义，这不仅给孤独的老人带来了福音，同时也弘扬社会主义精神文明。

China has become a country with an increasing number of old people. By old people we usually mean persons over the age of sixty. We often call them senior citizens instead of old men to show our respect.

Most senior citizens retire or no longer work full-time. They usually live in their own houses not far from their childrens, while the children of a few senior citizens have gone abroad and work or study far beyond the oceans. For certain senior citizens, tile years after retirement are not very enjoyable. First, they feel that their lives lose meaning for being at home all day. In addition, they may feel lonely, especially those without children around. Moreover, they become more concerned with their health, as they grow older, and worry a lot about their safety. At the same time, many senior citizens enjoy their lives. They feel free to do things they were not able to do when they were working and raising their families. They spend their time travelling, doing exercises or watching TV. They get together with their fellow members who have the common interests and equal free time.

In fact, there are some still continuing their work, not just for money, but to show their value. However, no one really wants to be old, and perhaps all like to be young forever.

人口老龄化是指一个国家或地区在一个时期内老年人口比重不断上升的现象或过程。人口老龄结构的老龄化是世界人口发展的基本趋势。

人口问题是当今世界人们最为关心的问题之一。人口的发展受社会、政治、经济的制约，同时它对社会的发展也起着促进或延缓的作用。经过30年的努力，我国在人口控制的问题上取得了卓效可喜的成绩。根据国家统计局近期的统计，在计划生育政策实施后，我国人口总和生育率从20世纪70年代初的5.8%下降到现在1.8%左右，这种生育率的下降让我国13亿人口日到来推迟了整整4年。从另一方面来看，随着生育率的下降，人口的发展也使得人口老龄化问题尤为突出。

人口老龄化是指某一人口中老年人口的比重增加，总人口年龄结构发生变化的过程。按国际通用标准，60岁人口占总人口的10%以上，或65岁以上人口占总人口的7%以上，便可以称为“老龄化社会”。美国《纽约时报》指出，我国的老龄化速度太快，从而飞速经过了这个原来西方社会可以建立起一个中产阶级的时间段。联合国的统计数据也表明，我国的老龄化速度是全球最快的。根据我国老龄协会提供的数据，我国老龄高峰将于2030年左右到来，并持续20余年。到2l世纪中期，60岁及以上的老年人可能超过4亿，65岁及以上的老年人则会达到3亿左右。我国人口的老龄化不仅速度是全球最快的，而且这种人口老化趋势也超过了国家经济社会的现代化的发展速度。我国社会的人口是在经济高速发展阶段，人均收入水平低、综合国力不强、社会保障体系不健全的前提下进入老龄化的。这种情况与发达国家老龄化是截然相反的，发达国家的人口老龄化工业化完成之后经济达到高度的发展水平之下才出现。此外，我国人口老龄化还存在着区域失衡的特点。我国各地区老龄化程度自西向东呈阶梯上升，地区间差距较大。东部沿海地区65岁以上老年人口比例已超过8%，其中上海达就到11.46%。而西部地区老年人口比例均在5%以下，部分地区仍是典型的年轻型人口结构。老龄化程度的差异，进一步加剧了地区经济发展的不平衡。因此，老龄化的问题不仅仅是一个人口问题，同时它也成为了制约经济社会发展的问题。

那么，13亿人口大国的养老问题该如何应对?目前，国家有关部门以及众多人口学学者都提出通过完善社会养老保障体制来缓解这股银色浪潮的汹汹来势。但是，我国的社会养老保障体制却面临着资金严重短缺、体制不健全等问题。根据麦肯锡咨询公司预测，我国养老保障的短缺金额到2010年将达1 100亿美元，而未来30年内将会出现3.7万亿的资金缺口。美国战略与国际问题研究中心在研究报告《银发中国——中国养老政策的人口和经济分析》中指出，即使在我国的城市也有近一半的劳动力人口享受不到公共养老体系的保障。全国职工有近3/4的人没有任何退休保障。报告还指出，目前我国的社会养老基金的运作是拆东墙补西墙的现收现付制，即是用现在工人的税来养活目前的退休人员，不做任何基金积累。虽然，目前我国正努力促使“现收现付”制向基金积累制转换，但是由于各种原因，养老基金仍然存在巨大的收支缺口。到2004年，我国全国养老保险欠费达到了450多亿元，在全国范围内，许多省市都面临着养老保险收不抵支的情况，甚至是积累亏空。加之农村养老问题也日益提高到政策议程上来，我国的养老保障制度面临着艰巨的挑战。

[关于人口老龄化的作文

Population officials and demographers have much to worry about China’s increasingly aging population. It is estimated that the proportion of people aged 60 or older in China will rise to 11.8 percent in 2020. By the middle of this century, people aged beyond 60 will take up 27.4 percent of the total population — that means one out of every four people will be senior!

The aging population poses a serious challenge to families and the society. On the one hand, with families becoming smaller and living pace escalating, it is even graver for families to care for aged members adequately. On the other hand, aging causes a relative decline in working force. Consequently, the productivity of the whole society will be affected to some extent.

The rapidity of the population’s aging has made it more urgent for the adoption of countermeasures. There is no doubt that the key is to build a solid economic foundation. Meanwhile, importance should be attached to overall social progress by changing the backward situation in social security, welfare and service. What’s more, family care and community-based services should also be encouraged.

It is expected that there will be a higher proportion of older people than young people in many countries in the future. Do you think it is a positive or negative development?

据预测，将来很多国家的老龄化人口的比重将会超过年轻人。你认为这是一种积极还是消极的变化?

关键词分析

older people

“老年人”有很多说法，这个词在文章中肯定会多次出现，因此一定要做好同义替换准备。elderly people, the elderly, pensioners, senior citizens都可以，但要少用old people. ageing society (Br.E.) / aging society (Am.E.)

老龄化社会，这个词是必备的社会学术语。这个词虽然没有在题目中出现，但是考生一定会在正文中用到这个词。

关于ageing society的相关知识，请阅读维基百科。

话题评价

社会类话题共有两大分支：男女平等，人口结构与老龄化。本题在“十大话题万能分类题库”中属于母题，因此只要做好充足的复习准备，难度不大。

类似话题

1. Surveys show that in many countries, people are living longer but increased life expectancy has many implications for the aging individuals and for society as a whole. What are the possible effects of longer living for individuals and society?

2. Some people believe that in order to give opportunities to the new generation, companies should encourage high level employees who are older than 55 to retire. Do you agree or disagree?

5. Some countries have an ever-increasing proportion of population who are aged 15 and younger. What is your opinion of the current and future effects it may have in those countries?

人口问题是当今世界人们最为关心的问题之一。人口的发展受社会、政治、经济的制约，同时它对社会的发展也起着促进或延缓的作用。经过30年的努力，我国在人口控制的问题上取得了卓效可喜的成绩。根据国家统计局近期的统计，在计划生育政策实施后，我国人口总和生育率从20世纪70年代初的5.8%下降到现在1.8%左右，这种生育率的下降让我国13亿人口日到来推迟了整整4年。从另一方面来看，随着生育率的下降，人口的发展也使得人口老龄化问题尤为突出。

人口老龄化是指某一人口中老年人口的比重增加，总人口年龄结构发生变化的过程。按国际通用标准，60岁人口占总人口的10%以上，或65岁以上人口占总人口的7%以上，便可以称为“老龄化社会”。美国《纽约时报》指出，我国的老龄化速度太快，从而飞速经过了这个原来西方社会可以建立起一个中产阶级的时间段。联合国的统计数据也表明，我国的老龄化速度是全球最快的。根据我国老龄协会提供的数据，我国老龄高峰将于2030年左右到来，并持续20余年。到2l世纪中期，60岁及以上的老年人可能超过4亿，65岁及以上的老年人则会达到3亿左右。我国人口的老龄化不仅速度是全球最快的，而且这种人口老化趋势也超过了国家经济社会的现代化的发展速度。我国社会的人口是在经济高速发展阶段，人均收入水平低、综合国力不强、社会保障体系不健全的前提下进入老龄化的。这种情况与发达国家老龄化是截然相反的，发达国家的人口老龄化工业化完成之后经济达到高度的发展水平之下才出现。此外，我国人口老龄化还存在着区域失衡的特点。我国各地区老龄化程度自西向东呈阶梯上升，地区间差距较大。东部沿海地区65岁以上老年人口比例已超过8%，其中上海达就到11.46%。而西部地区老年人口比例均在5%以下，部分地区仍是典型的年轻型人口结构。老龄化程度的差异，进一步加剧了地区经济发展的不平衡。因此，老龄化的问题不仅仅是一个人口问题，同时它也成为了制约经济社会发展的问题。

那么，13亿人口大国的养老问题该如何应对?目前，国家有关部门以及众多人口学学者都提出通过完善社会养老保障体制来缓解这股银色浪潮的汹汹来势。但是，我国的社会养老保障体制却面临着资金严重短缺、体制不健全等问题。根据麦肯锡咨询公司预测，我国养老保障的短缺金额到2010年将达1 100亿美元，而未来30年内将会出现3.7万亿的资金缺口。美国战略与国际问题研究中心在研究报告《银发中国——中国养老政策的人口和经济分析》中指出，即使在我国的城市也有近一半的劳动力人口享受不到公共养老体系的保障。全国职工有近3/4的人没有任何退休保障。报告还指出，目前我国的社会养老基金的运作是拆东墙补西墙的现收现付制，即是用现在工人的税来养活目前的退休人员，不做任何基金积累。虽然，目前我国正努力促使“现收现付”制向基金积累制转换，但是由于各种原因，养老基金仍然存在巨大的收支缺口。到2004年，我国全国养老保险欠费达到了450多亿元，在全国范围内，许多省市都面临着养老保险收不抵支的情况，甚至是积累亏空。加之农村养老问题也日益提高到政策议程上来，我国的养老保障制度面临着艰巨的挑战。