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初中期末英语作文写作九大技巧分析(合集19篇)

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描写春节的初中英语作文

全文共 1715 字

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The annual Chinese New Year came in 20xx, the Spring Festival has come exceptionally busy, it is accompanied by the festive sound of firecrackers, sky in full bloom, and colorful fireworks came. The ancients as "firecrackers of the year" to commemorate Chinese New Year. The return of fireworks and firecrackers, so that the ancient city of Beijing is full of a thick smell of years, sound of firecrackers brings us endless joy, filled with a wonderful interesting traditional festivals.

As a girl, I do not like to put those little on the "crackling" sound of Mei Wan and loud firecrackers. I like those colorful light emitted after, four run around fireworks. There is a called channeling smallpox, a carefully ed in the ground began to release, and later on the secure enough to put in the hand grip, lit "squeak" is heard, a group with a small ball of fire flew up into the sky, screaming, "pit" Suddenly the sky on a flower in full bloom out, quite exciting.

My favorite is called Setaria fireworks in one hand and a lit continuously emitted after the bright, constantly changing colors of the fireworks. My hands turned, arms on the emergence of two very nice Ring of Fire; my arms open, 4 running, I became a "Firebird." I have a another one to lying, I cried, ran, happy with Chinese New Year fireworks is a traditional custom. Legend of the so-called "year" is an evil beast, people set fire to bamboo, the sound of bamboo bursting scared off "year", "years" away is the Chinese New Year in.

I like fireworks, it made me able to live a traditional feature of the year. I think as long as we pay attention to safety, stressing civilization, this tradition will be able to have a wonderful New Year.

[描写春节初中英语作文

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更多相似作文

篇1:初中生英语

全文共 720 字

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Everybody has a best friend that they can share everything with. I also

have a best friend. We met in school, and were in the same grade.

My best friend is a good student because he is very hardworking. I learn a

lot from him. He helps me with math; I help him with English. We always help

each other. Besides that, hes honest and reliable. I trust him completely and

we share secrets all the time.

My best friend is a loyal and brave boy. When a bully teased me, he came to

my rescue right away. He always remembers my birthday and he is fun to be with.

He tells funny jokes and stories. He always makes me laugh. Finally, he is a

very good listener and he knows how to cheer me up when Im down. I hope well

stay friends forever.

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篇2:初中英语作文大全

全文共 447 字

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English is widely used throughout the world.

So many people speak it as a second language. Online, youll find lots of

information in English. If you dont understand English, how can you know more

about the world, how can you get more knowledge. At international conferences,

English is also used as the official language. Without good English, you cannot

express your ideas well at such conferences, neither can you introduce China to

the outside world.

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篇3:初中语文说明文阅读答题技巧

全文共 4016 字

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从近年来全国各地的语文中考试题看,说明文在整个试卷中所占的比例也逐年增大。其难度也在逐年提高。下面是小编帮大家整理的初中语文说明文阅读基本知识及答题技巧,希望大家喜欢。

一、说明文基本知识

1、概念:说明文是以“说明”为主要表达方式,用来介绍或解释事物的状态、性质、构造、功用、制作方法、发展过程以及内在事理的一种实用文体。

2、与其它文体的区别:议论文以理服人,哲理性是它的主要特点;记叙文以情感人,形象性是它的主要特点;说明文以知授人,知识性是它的主要特点。

3、说明文的分类

事物说明文:如《苏州园林》,说明“务必使游览者无论站在哪个点上,眼前总是一幅完美的图画”的特征。

事理说明文:如《死海不死》,科学的说明了死海不死的原因在于“海水的咸度很高”。

二. 阅读技巧

(一)阅读说明文要注意从以下几个方面入手:

第一招:善于找准说明对象。

第二招:善于概括说明对象的特点。

第三招:善于分析说明顺序。

第四招:善于分析说明方法及其作用。弄清楚了说明方法的特点,分析它们在文章中的具体作用。

第五招:善于分析说明文的语言。

第六招:善于分析引用古籍或名言的目的。先要理解所引古籍或名言的含义,现联系说明的内容,看看这两者间有何内在联系,就能领悟其引用的目的了。在说明的开头文段或中间叙述有关的故事,究竟起何作用:在文章开头叙述故事,其目的往往是为了引起读者阅读的兴趣,或者是为了引出说明对象。在文章或段落中间叙述故事,往往是为了增强说明文的可读性,同时也为了说明事物的来源或作用。

第七招:善于完成开放性问题。中考说明文阅读,根据“新课标”中要求“注意领会作品中所体现的科学精神和科学思想方法”的要求,说明文阅读考查的题目势必要引导学生关注人类、关注自然、关注生态环境、关注科技进程、关注未来发展,有利于培养学生的科学态度、科学思想、科学品质、科学精神和科学方法。

(二)说明文阅读一般涉及11种题型:

1、考查说明对象:

答题技法:其一,要看懂题目,不少说明文题目本身就表示说明对象,如《中国石拱桥》、《苏州园林》等。其二,抓住首括句和中心句。说明文往往需要运用首括句和中心句来提示说明重点,包括说明事物的特征。反之,如果需要为说明文的语段加一个标题,也可以用说明对象作为标题。

回答时形成一个短语:本文介绍了……的……(对象加特征)。

例:《看云识天气》介绍云和天气的关系及怎样看云识天气。

2、被说明事物的特征:

答题技法:尽量从原文中找原词原句,若没有,则注意段意、中心句。

例:《中国石拱桥》三大特点:历史悠久、形式优美、结构坚固。

3、说明方法:1、常见的说明方法有:举例子、分类别、下定义、摹状貌、作诠释、打比方、列数字、列图表、引用说明。

2、常见说明方法的作用:

①、举例子:通过举具体的实例对事物的特征/事理加以说明,从而使说明更具体,更有说服力。

②、分类别:对事物的特征/事理分门别类加以说明,使说明更有条理性。

③、作比较:把__________和__________加以比较,突出强调了事物的特征/事理。

④、作诠释:对事物的特征/事理加以具体的解释说明,使说明更通俗易懂。

⑤、打比方:将__________比作__________,从而形象生动地说明了事物的特征/事理。

⑥、摹状貌:对事物的特征/事理加以形象化的描摹,使说明更具体形象。

⑦、下定义:用简明科学的语言对说明的对象/科学事理加以揭示,从而更科学、更本质、更概括地揭示事物的特征/事理。

⑧、列数字:用具体的数据对事物的特征/事理加以说明,使说明更准确更有说服力。

⑨、列图表:用列图表的方式对事物的特征/事理加以说明,使说明更简明更直观。

⑩、引用说明:引用说明有以下几种形式——

A、引用具体的事例;(作用同举例子)

B、引用具体的数据;(作用同列数字)

C、引用名言、格言、谚语;作用是使说明更有说服力。

D、引用神话传说、新闻报道、谜语、轶事趣闻等。作用是增强说明的趣味性。

(引用说明在文章开头,还起到引出说明对象的作用。)

4、说明顺序:有条有理地把事物的特征或事理介绍清楚。

时间顺序:即以事物发生、发展的时间先后来安排说明顺序,从而写出事物的发展变化情况。这种顺序一般用于人物的生平介绍、科学观察记录,说明事物或事理发生、发展或制作过程一类的说明文。

空间顺序:即按照事物的空间存在形式,或从外到内,或从上到下,或从前到后,或由远及近依次进行说明。这种说明顺序,一般用于说明事物的形状、构造特征。

逻辑顺序;即按照事物或事理的内部联系成人们认识事物的过程来安排说明顺序。由总到分(或由分而总)、由主而次、由现象到本质、由原因到结果、由个别到一般(或由一般到个别)、由抽象到具体、由整体到局部(或由局部到具体)等。

说明建筑物、景点等通常按照空间顺序说明。介绍事物各阶段的特点或制作过程时,往往采用时间顺序。介绍抽象事理时,则往往需要采用逻辑顺序。

近几年说明文选段多为科技类说明文,此类说明文一般是事理说明文居多,故多用逻辑顺序。

5、段意概括:

句式:说明了……介绍了……

方法:找中心句;结合本段说明特征概括,摘要联合,结合标点,尤其注意分号,认真提炼。

6、“这样”的指代义:指代上文距其最近的一句或几句内容。

7、段落语句顺序:

为什么不能调换段落顺序?

不能调换:原文采用由……到……的顺序介绍事物,调换后不合逻辑。

《向沙漠进军》5、6段照应上文游击战、阵地战顺序。

总分关系中分说部分与前文总说部分顺序相照应。《看云识天气》

8、语言准确性:类型1、加点字词有何作用?抓住说明文语文准确这一特点答题。

对策:答:准确/生动形象/地说明了事物“……”的特征/事理。 类型2、能否替换为另一个词语?并说明理由。

对策:答:(1)不可以。(2)原词的意思或内容。(3)所换词语的意思或内容。(4)换了后意思有何改变,与不符合实际。

类型3、限制性词语能否删去?

对策:答:(1)表态(删还是不删)。(2)定性。如:“比较”“几乎”“相当”等词表程度修辞;“大约”“可能”“左 右” 等表估计,“多”“有余”等表数量。(3)若删去,原来什么样的意思就变成了什么样的意思了,不符合实际,太绝对了。(4)xx词体现了语言的准确 性、周密性、科学性。

类型4、从文章中找出一个能体现说明文语言“准确”特点的词句,并体会。

类型5:指代——“这些条件”、“这种现象”“同样道理”等在文中具体指代什么。对策:一般指的就是代词前面的那句话,找最近的一句话。有时要注意可能不是整句话,而是其中的一部分。

9、说明文的结构。

说明文的结构常见的形式有:“总——分”式、“总——分——总”式、“分——总”式、并列式、递进式等。

10、考查能否从阅读材料中捕捉重要信息,对段落的内容进行归纳;对全文要点进行概括。

技法:认真仔细阅读原文,一般都能从原文中找到答案。

(例:“死海之变”中“死海已发生了哪些巨大的地质变化?

答:(1)海水水体的分层结构消失(2)海水中的硫化氢消失(3)盐的沉积增多。

11、发散创新:近几年,开放性试题以它答案的多元性和不唯一性成为培养学生创新精神和实践能力的一种重要形式,在考试中所占的比例也越来越大。综合各地开放型试题我们可以看出。这类试题大概从以下方面考查:

(1)对说明内容进行创新性的表述。

(2)对某种现象发表自己独特的看法和见解。

(3)结合实际对某个问题谈自己的认识。

(4)根据文章内容进行合理性的推断和大胆想象。

(5)由文章内容延伸到现实生活,对现实生活中相关现象进行解释。

(6)对人类关注的环境问题等提出解决的方法,拟写警示性标语、建议、广告等。这种题考查的是学生的综合能力。考查的是学生对生活的关注情况。做好这类题首先要让学生对所给材料有准确地把握,然后充分调动已有的知识和经验。再迁移到文段中来。开放性试题,虽然没有规定唯一的答案,可以各抒己见。但在答题时要从三个角度作答:

(1)是就材料回答问题。不一定按标准答案作答,意思答对就给满分;

(2)是阅读材料后受到的启示、感想。这样的答案也是具有个性化的;

(3)是从材料出发,或提出自己不同的看法。或扩散联想到其它方面。

总之。这类试题在训练理解能力的同时。训练表达能力,对答案的表述不能只靠一个符号或一个词语来完成,要写成一句或一段完整的话。在答题的同时有助于增加学生主体参与意识,扩大学生独立发表见解的余地,鼓励学生的创新意识和探究精神。

(三)对说明对象的把握。

看题目、首括句、尾结句或提问式语句。如果是事物说明文,被说明的事物既是说明对象。如果是事理说明文,说明对象则是对象加特征,答案形成一个短语:介绍了……的……。如:《看云识天气》,介绍了云和天气的关系及怎样看云识天气。

考察对说明事物特征的把握。

答题技巧:尽量从原文中找原句作答,若没有,则注意段意、中心句。如《中国石拱桥》中关于它的三大特点:历史悠久、形式优美、结构坚固。

(四)说明文写法分析

1、结合说明方法谈

规范性的答题模式如下:

这篇文章主要运用了……的说明方法,说明了……(内容:事物特征或事理),使说明……(作用:参考前面说明方法,明确其作用)

2、结合修辞手法谈

规范性的答题模式如下:

这是一篇生动地说明文,大量地使用了各种修辞手法,说明了……(内容),使文章的说明形象生动。

3、结合表达方式谈

记叙、描写使说明更具体形象;抒情、议论使说明更有感情。那么,从这个角度分析说明文的写法,答题的规范性格式如下:

这篇文章综合运用多种表达方式,除了说明外,还有……(从“记叙、描写、说明、议论”根据内容选择),如……(具体举例),就是……(表达方式)的运用,使说明更具体形象/充满感情。

(五)说明语段的作用

(1)、结构、内容作用:引出下文、承上启下、总结全文/前文。

有时在文章在开头,还起着引出说明对象/说明事理的作用。

(2)、结合说明方法谈。

通过……的说明方法,说明了……(事物特征或事理),使说明……(作用)。

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篇4:gssue写作如何拿高分?教你四种方法技巧

全文共 461 字

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gre考试实施,很多考生都感到茫然不知所措,特别是新gre作文部分,新gre作文考察考生完成题目的过程中是否能够融合批判性思维和分析性写作能力,以更好的反应研究生院和商学院所需思维方式,新gre作文考试issue写作如何写?下面是备考gre issue写作的方法,虽然是延用老g issue作文题库,但并不影响备考,我要学的是写好gre issue写作的方法,而不是看案例的新旧!

授人以鱼不如授人以渔,如果大家能掌握几种快速的分析技巧加上一些通用性很强的国际化事例,准备GRE ISSUE文章将事半功倍。

拆分法

分析题目极为有效的一种手段,其基本原理就是面对一个云山雾罩的抽象的大的概念,将其一分为二或者一分为多进行分别讨论。

解析法

通过对题目主体的需求进行分析,从而找到支持论证的有说服力的理由与典型的论据。主体需求,可以是个人,教育,社会,政府与文化发展等方面的需求。

正反法

对题目的主张或者结论分成两面分析。没有绝对对错,哪边理由与例证多我们走哪边。也可写成让步式或者对照式两面论证。

比较法

适用于题干中两个对等概念的比较。

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篇5:圣诞节初中英语

全文共 743 字

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On December 25, I spent a memorable happy Christmas!

That day, I meet in schools and students, and the boy to a super fly snow, hee hee, look to bully my boy, do I fly snow, I think only KuangPen KuangPen, see they bully me, finally at half past seven, I finally want to use my weapon, think that the boy to so many people!

We took only a few, blame him, to spell, have never thought the boy so much, I defy spirit, picked up the blowing bottle, ran to the boy, unexpectedly, spray in my eye.

I feel, is that guy use , others also spray dead boy, but, we are still less than boys, make a few girls cry, we know that our dead, unexpectedly Zhang Wen we ran, pull the boy also ran to come over, organize a reunion...

This is a carnival of Christmas!

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篇6:初中语文说明文答题技巧初中语文说明文阅读解题方法

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说明文阅读解题方法

学习目标:

1、了解说明文阅读的常见考点。

2、理解并掌握说明文阅读的常见题型及答题技巧

课前预习:

一、说明文阅读的常见考点

1、对说明对象及说明特征理解。

2、对说明方法辨识与理解。

3、对说明顺序的分析与理解。

4、对文章段落结构特点的分析。

5、对文意、层意、段意的概括。

6、对关键词语、重点句子含义及其表达作用的评析。

7、对说明语言准确性的体会

二、说明文阅读的常见题型及答题技巧

1、题型:指出说明对象

说明对象是一篇文章所要介绍的事物或事理,一般是一个名词或名词短语,可以从两个方面入手:一看文题二看首尾段。事物说明文指出被说明事物即可。事理说明文指出说明内容,形成一个短语:介绍了……的……(对象加内容)。

2、题型:概括说明对象的特点。

①抓住文段中的段落和层次,②从每段(或每层)中抓住关键词语加以整理。

一般情况下,文段的开头(或各段的第一句)和结尾(或各段最后一句)往往说明了对象的特点。

3、题型:考查说明方法及其作用

A.常见的说明方法有:

1.分类别:(即对说明事物分门别类的方法。例如:“如何获得食物?这有两种不同的途径和方法:一种叫自养,??另一种叫异养。”)

2.举例子:(即以具体事物为例的方法。例如:“这种书目专门记录其专题或学科的文献。如要查找中国古代文献,就要使用《四库全书总目提要》或《中国古籍善本总目》等。”)

3.打比方:(即用比喻来说明事物的方法。例如:“桥洞不是普通半圆形,而是像一张弓。”)

4.列数字:(即是运用数据说明事物的方法。例如:“哪里知道,这条天河淹没了一千万颗以上的星星啊!一千万,你一口气数下去,得数一千多年。”)

5.作比较:(即用另一个事物与说明事物相比,以说明事物特点的方法。例如:“永定河发水时,来势很猛,以前两岸河堤常被冲毁,但是这座桥却从没出过事,足见它的坚固。”)

6.下定义:(即指明某一名词概念的含义。例如:“统筹方法,是一种安排工作进程的数学方法。”)

7、作诠解:作诠释,用于解释被说明内容的成因及内在联系。

8、.引资料:如引用古诗文、谚语、俗话等

B.说明方法的作用:

1、分类别:条理清晰地说明了?。

2、举例子:具体形象的说明了??的?特点,便于读者理解。

3、打比方:生动形象地说明了?的?特点,增强文章的趣味性。

4、列数字:科学准确具体的说明了??的??特点

5、作比较:通过?和?的比较,突出了?的?特点(地位、影响等)。

6、下定义:完整、科学、准确地说明?本质特点,使之与其他事物区别开来。

7、作诠释:对事物的特征/事理加以具体的解释说明,使说明更通俗易懂。

下定义与作诠释的区别是:定义要求完整,而诠释并不要求完整,对事物的特征/事理加以具体的解释说明,使说明更通俗易懂。可以颠倒。

8、引资料:能使说明的内容更具体、更充实。用引用的方法说明事物的特征,增强说服力,如引用古诗文、谚语、俗话。引用说明在文章开头,还起到引出说明对象的作用:能使说明的内容更具体、更充实。

4、题型:对说明顺序的分析与理解。

说明顺序:时间顺序(程序顺序)、空间顺序、逻辑顺序。在答题时可答得具体些。如:时间顺序则是说明事物发展、演变,例如介绍工作程序的文章。

空间顺序(从上到下,从里到外,总到分,外到内,前到后,左到右,整体到局部,都可反之等,常用方位词如介绍建筑物或实体)。

逻辑顺序(先结果后原因,层层递进,现象到本质,因到果,果到因,主到次,浅入深,个别到一般等,常用表因果、表事理顺序的词,如"因为、所以""首先、其次")。

掌握答题格式:本文使用了()的说明顺序对()加以说明,使说明更有条理性,便于读者理解。(第一空应该填具体的说明顺序,第二空应该填写具体的事物名称或说明的事理。如果是事理性说明文,但又不能准确表述,可用"事理"、"科学事理"等模糊性的语言表述。)

5、题型:分析说明文的结构

说明文常见的形式有:"总--分"式(或由总到分,或由分到总,或总分总)、并列式、递进式等。分析文章结构,抓中心句及连接词,如"首先""其次""还""也""此外"等词语

中心句:出现的位置开头或结尾,有时在句中。判断,多为概括性较强的句子。叙述句、描写句、阐释句、疑问句一般不宜作中心句。

6、题型:根据说明的内容,怎样理清选文的思路:

技法指导:首先要对每一段的内容了解,并能对其进行归纳和概括,然后,再对每一段的内容进行比较分析,理清其行文思路,结构特点(因为有的是采用总分式,有的是总分总式,还有的又是分总式),就能说出其思路了。

7、题型:文章从那几方面进行说明?

先将文章分成几部分然后再加以概括

8、题型:考查全篇文章或某一段落的说明内容

①用原文回答:(要理清文章或段落的层次)。

找出全文的中心段或某段的中心句,(这往往就是问题的答案)。

②无适合的原文时,可用“点面结合”的方法总结概括。“点”:各段的说明对象,“面”:整篇文章的主体说明对象,两者结合组成完整的句子便可

9、说明句子或语段的作用

这种题目答题的角度有二:

(1)、结构、内容作用:引出下文、承上启下、总结全文/前文。

有时在文章在开头,还起着引出说明对象/说明事理的作用。

(2)、结合说明方法谈。

通过……的说明方法,说明了……(事物特征或事理),使说明……(作用)。

10、题型:说明文语言风格

a准确平实

b生动形象(如果使用了大量描写句、修辞句、神话传说等)

11、题型:加点词有何作用?抓住说明文语文准确这一特点答题。

对策:答:()准确/生动形象/地说明了事物"……"的特征/事理。

12、题型:加点词语能否替换为另一个词语?并说明理由。

对策:答:(1)不可以。

(2)原词的意思或内容。

(3)所换词语的意思或内容。

(4)换了后意思有何改变,不符合实际。

13、题型:加点词语能否去掉?

这类词语主要是修饰限制性词语如:大约、左右、最、几乎、仅仅等

答题要点:

a.不能b.加点词语起修饰、限制、强调作用c.说明原句意思是……d.如果去掉,则……e.加点词语体现了说明文语言的准确性,严密性

14、题型:从文章中找出一个能体现说明文语言"准确"特点的词句,并体会。

15、代词指代什么内容

①瞻前顾后法(往前找、往后找)②自己概括、检验法(代入法或置换法)

16、题型:给文段补充一个过渡句:主要是结合上段的内容来考虑,方法是抓住上段说明的内容,以设问句的形式提出“为什么会(要)??,呢?”这就能自然地引出下文了。

17、题型:说明文中开放性试题、类型及答题要点

①提建议、方法、措施类要具体尽量符合实际情况

②拟广告语、设计标语等a.要切题b.语言简练、凝练、生动、有感染力c.有创意/有提示作用

③探究题,提取信息、获取信息类要参考全文,概括文章内容

④读了全文,谈认识类要结合原文,具体谈看法、谈认识

18、题型:“据科学家分析”“据资料表明”“据统计”一类词句的作用。

要点:表明信息的来源,增强说明内容的可信度,体现了说明文语言的科学性、准确性

19、开头的作用

①引出说明对象

②激发读者的阅读兴趣

③开头有描写性语言:生动形象地引出将要说明的事物(事理)

20、结尾的作用

①总结全文,点明写作目的

②表明希望,提出号召③想像远大前景(补充结尾是可参考)

21、描写在说明文中的作用?(从内容和语言的两个角度分析)

要点:描写了………内容,突出了………;语言上生动形象,激发读者的阅读兴趣。

22、说明文中引用古诗、传说、俗语、故事等的作用

要点:为文章增添文学色彩,增强说明文的生动性。读来耐人寻味;激发读者的阅读兴趣(吸引读者)

温馨提示:说明文最简单,答案大多在文中,读完后先理清层次,找出每段说明了什么内容。

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篇7:寒假生活初中英语

全文共 529 字

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First I often listen to music ,then I take a showerahd have a breakfast,then I do my homework and have dinner.After I can taking a nap on 2 oclock.At 4 oclock ,I can play the computer and football.Last I have lunch and sleep.

On New Years Eve,all the family people get together to have a big dinner in the resturant.It make our family people get toghther.We enjoy ourselves and in the new year we all strive hard.

首先我经常听音乐,我先洗澡然后去吃早饭,后来我做作业吃午饭,之后我可以在2-4点睡一小会,我可以玩电脑踢足球,最后我吃晚饭睡觉。

在除夕夜的时候,我的家人坐在一起在饭店吃团圆饭。这是我的家人团聚。我们很享受并且在新年我们都将你努力奋斗。

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篇8:关于英语说明文的写作方法

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就“说明对象”而言,英语说明文可分为对“客观具体事物”的说明和对“主观抽象观念”的说明两大类,比如:对“LASER(激光)”、“Computer Problem of Year XX(计算机XX年问题)”等等的说明都是对客观或者具体事物的说明,而“The Successful Interview(谈成功的面试)”、“How to Write Good English Composition(如何才能写好英语作文)” 等是对主观抽象观念的说明。对我们中学生朋友来说,在汉语说明文的教学中似乎比较侧重前者,即解释客观具体事物的说明文。但在英语说明文中,阐述和说明 “主观抽象观念”的说明文占了很大的比重,其中有些类似汉语中的议论文。但是无论是对“客观具体事物”的说明还是对“主观抽象观念”的阐述,英语说明文从结构上看大致可分为三个部分:第一部分一般是文章的第一段,提出文章的主题,也就是说,文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容;第二部分是文章的主体,可由若干个段落组成,对文章的主题进行展开说明;第三部分是结尾段,对文章的主题作归纳总结。从英语说明文的结构可以看出,要写好英语说明文的关键在于第二部分如何对文章主题进行展开说明。在英语中,常见的用来展开文章主题的方法有下列几种:

1.罗列法(listing)

在文章开始时提出需要说明的东西和观点,然后常用first,second,…and finally加以罗列说明。罗列法广泛地使用于各类指导性的说明文之中,下面这篇学生作文就是用罗列法写成的:

Early Rising

Early rising (早起) is helpful in more than one way. First, it helps to keep us fit (健康)。 We all need fresh air. But air is never so fresh as early in the morning. Besides, we can do good to our health from doing morning exercise (做早操)。

Secondly, early rising helps us in our studies. We learn more quickly in the morning, and find it easier to remember what we learn in the morning.

Thirdly, early rising enables (使能够) us to plan the work of the day. We cannot work well without a good plan. Just as the plan for the year should be made in the spring, so the plan for the day should be made in the morning.

Fourthly, early rising gives us enough time to get ready for our work, such as to wash our faces and hands and eat our breakfast properly.

Late risers may find it very difficult to form the habit of early rising. They ought to make special efforts to do so. As the English proverb says,“Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.”

罗列法经常用下列句式展开段落,我们可以注意模仿学习:

There are several good reasons why we should learn a foreign language. First of all, …Secondly, …And finally, …

We should try our best to plant more trees for several good reasons First of all, …Secondly, …And finally,

必须指出的是,有时罗列法并不一定有明确的first, second…等词,但文章还是以罗列论据展开的。

2.举例法(examples)

举例法是用具体的例子来说明我们要表达的意思,常用for example, for instance, still another example is…等词语引出。下面这篇学生作文就是用举例法写成的:

Recreation

It is impossible to keep in good health unless we take enough recreation (娱乐)。 The mind, too, needs change to make it fresh and vigorous (有活力的) There is much truth in the old saying, All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.“

There are many games which boys and girls can play after their school work is done, for instance, football, tennis, and kite-flying. Other examples of recreation are boating, fishing, gardening, cycling, walking, chess-playing, and reading. Persons who sit much at their business should take a kind of recreation that will supply their muscles (肌肉) with exercise. Those who spend most of their time in the open air and do manual work (体力活) should adopt (采纳) reading or some other quiet form of recreation.

Cycling is said to be an important means of recreation, but many persons foolishly tire out themselves by cycling too much. The same may be said in regard to football. Tennis is a pleasant form of recreation. Many persons take great delight in boating. Fishing requires much patience, and there is much danger of taking cold by sitting still on a cold day too long. A good brisk (轻松) walk is one of the finest forms of exercise. For persons engaged in outdoor labor, chess-playing is another excellent form of recreation.

可以看出,举例法和罗列法有时可以结合使用:即用罗列法来列出例子,用例子充实罗列的说明。

3.比较法(comparison and contrast)

比较法是对两个对象进行比较,从而进行说明的写作手法。比较法又可细分为比较相同点(comparison)和比较不同点(contrast)两种方法,比如:

From Paragraph to Essay

Although they are different in length (长度), the paragraph and the essay are quite similar in structure (结构)。 For example, the paragraph starts with either a topic sentence (主题句) or a topic introducer followed by a topic sentence. In the essay, the first paragraph sets up the topic focus (主题所在) Next, the sentences in the body of a paragraph develop the topic sentence. Similarly, the body of an essay consists of a number of paragraphs that discuss and support the ideas given in the introductory (引导的) paragraph. Finally, a concluding sentence (结束句) ——whether a restatement, conclusion, or observation——ends the paragraph. The essay, too, has a concluding paragraph which ends the essay logically and satisfactorily. Although there are some exceptions (例外), most well written expository (说明文的) paragraphs and essays are similar in structure.

可以看出,在比较相同点的时候,常用到similarly,also,too,in the same case,in spite of the difference等这样的词语。

European Football and American Football

Although European football is the parent of American football, the two games show several major differences. European football, sometimes called association football or soccer, is played in 80 countries, making it the most widely played sport in the world. American football, on the other hand, is popular only in North America (the United States and Canada)。 Soccer is played by eleven players with a round ball. Football, also played by eleven players in somewhat different positions (位置) on the field, is played with an elongated (拉长的) round ball. Soccer has little body contact (接触) between players and therefore needs no special protective equipment. Football, in which players make the greatest use of body contact to stop a running ball-carrier and his teammates, needs special protective equipment. In soccer, the ball is advanced toward the goal by kicking it or by butting (顶) it with the head. In American football, on the other hand, the ball is passed from hand to hand or carried in the hands across the opponents (对手) goal. These are just a few of the features which distinguish (区别) association and American football.

这是一篇用比较不同点的手法写的说明文。从文章中可以看出:however,on the other hand,in contrast,but,nevertheless等表示转折的词语常用来引导对不同点的比较。

4.定义法(definition)

定义法也是英语说明文中常用的写作手法,特别是在对具体事物概念进行说明时经常使用。定义法的基本要素是定义句。英语中常见定义句的模式是:

被定义对象is所属类别+限制性定语

可以看出,定义句中限制性定语越详细,定义就越精确,比如:

A bat is a small mouse-like animal that flies at night and feeds on(以……为食品)fruit and insects but is not a bird.

其实,在英—英词典中,对英语单词的英文解释就是定义法的典型例子。比如,看看Longman词典对student和teacher的定义是很有意思的:A student is a person who is studying at a place of education or training. A teacher is a person who gives knowledge or skill to sb. as a profession (专业)。

5.顺序法(sequence of time, space and process)

顺序法是指按时间、空间或过程的顺序进行说明的一种写作手法。比如按照时间顺序介绍一个科学家的生平,用空间顺序阐述逐渐开发西部的重要意义,用过程顺序法解释葡萄酒的生产过程等等。

下面这篇学生作文就是用顺序法写成的:

Coal

Coal underwent (经受) many changes before it became the bright, brittle (脆的), black substance which we now use. During ancient times (在上古时代), when the earth enjoyed a very warm and wet climate, the land was covered with large forests and big plants. As time went on, the ground changed and began to sink (下沉) a little. These very large numbers of trees and vegetables received a deposit (沉淀) of sand and clay. This layer of sand and clay pressed upon the layer beneath and prevented it from contact with air. These trees and plants received the pres sure and changed its appearance.

Generations after generations (几世纪后), as the ground kept gradually sinking, another layer of sand and clay was again deposited (积聚) above the layers already formed. A great pressure was thus exerted (作用) and the peat (泥煤) was changed into the black and brittle substance which is known as coal.

Coal is a kind of mineral which is formed by nature as above stated. It is an important industrial material and is chiefly used as fuel. It is very valuable in the industrial world. The place where coal deposit is called a coal mine (煤矿)。 In China, coal mines are largely found in the north-west part of the country. Shanxi is a famous province for producing coal. It has the most coal of China.

6.分类法(classification)

分类法是将写作对象进行分类说明的一种写作手法。比如:著名的英国哲学家弗朗西斯·培根(Francis Bacon)在其脍炙人口的《谈读书》(Of Studies)一文中就用到了分类法:

Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested, that is, some books are to be read only in parts, others to be read, but not curiously, and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books…

参考译文:书有可浅尝者,有可吞食者,少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之,有只须读其部分者,有只须大体涉猎者,少数则须全读,读时须全神贯注,孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读,取其所需摘要,但只限题材较次或价值不高者……

——转摘自《英汉翻译教程》(张培基等)

可见,如果能够根据具体情况,选用合适的写作手法,就可为文章增添无穷的魅力。

除了上述提到的6种展开英语说明文主题的写作方法之外,还有因果法、归纳法等其他方法。但相比之下,对于中学生来说,上述6种方法是首先值得掌握的。另外必须指出的是:在一篇文章中往往是以一种写作手法为主,同时辅以其他写作手法。有时,甚至会几种写作手法混用而不分主次。因此,必须根据具体情况,选用合适的展开主题的写作手法,才能写出优秀的英语说明文。

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篇9:初中三年级学生英语

全文共 467 字

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How to be a good learner?

As a good learner, we should have good habits and ways of learning。

We need to get ready for our lessons before class and always listen carefully in class。 It’s good to study in groups and help each other。 We should do more reading in our free time。 If we have some problems, we’d better ask others for help。 As a student, working hard is important, but don’t forget to do sports and keep healthy。

I think all these above will be helpful to us。

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篇10:高二期末英语

全文共 897 字

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Happiness is dependent upon work. Sometimes we complain that we have too

much work, but we fail to realize that it’s our work that keep us moving on and

helps us to become a better man. Last summer I visited my friends in a small

village. It was obvious that working has become an indispensable part of their

daily lives. They all went to the field to plant the crops. The sun was shinning

above them and they looked quite happiness about their work. On their face there

were such smiles as I had never seen before.

Work provide us with happiness. Work is more than a necessity for human

beings. If we have no work to do, we will waste our precious time. That’s pity.

We will lose everything in the end. Work helps us to realize the importance of

life, then we will appreciate it more. Everybody who live in this society could

not live without working. If we spend every day idly, we will find life is

boring.

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篇11:初中英语作文春节

全文共 940 字

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On the thirty, is the new years day, everywhere permeated with a festive atmosphere. Everybody happily sit together to eat dinner, I love to eat fish balls on the table, my sister and brother Sweet and Sour Spare Ribs favorite, favorite braised fish in soy sauce. After the dinner, my brother and sister began to set off firecrackers and fireworks. At this time, I brought a carefully lit fireworks, fireworks, and for a while a green spray, spray red, while spraying purple, is really fun.

My sister brought the firecrackers, the "popping" and "shout shout" sound like thunder, scared us everywhere escape. Brother of fireworks and crackers, is even more magical, while fly to the sky, while flying on the roof of the night dressed as the day, we see dazzling.

Just as we are playing vigorously, "when Dangdang, Dangdang", the bell of zero hour is ringing, the new year begins. Lets all wish the happy new year and the happy family together.

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篇12:高中英语写作技巧指导

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高考英语作文需要将有自己的想法,并且掌握好写作的方法,这样英语才能得到高分。

1、审题:审题是做到切题的第一步。所谓审题就是要看清题意,确定文章的中心思想、主题,并围绕中心思想组织材料。

2、进行构思,列出简单的提纲,打造文章之骨架:审好题、立好意后,就要写提纲,打造文章的骨架。文章布局要做好几件事:安排好层次段落,铺设好过渡,处理好开头和结尾。

3、扩展成文:根据字数多少扩展成篇。扩展的内容一定要紧扣主题,千万不要写那些与主题不相关的内容。展开的方式包括:顺序法、举例法、比较法、对比法、说明法、因果法、推导法、归纳法和下定义等。可以根据需要任选一种或几种方式。

在这一步骤中还需注意三方面问题:

1)确保提纲中段落结构的思路与各段主题句的一致性。只有这样,才能保证所写段落不偏题、不跑题。

2)要综合考虑各个段落的内容安排,避免段落内容的交叉。

3)用好连接词,注意段落间、句子间的连贯性。要做到所写文章层次分明,思路清晰,文字连贯,就需要在句与句之间、段与段之间架起一座座桥梁,而连接词起的正是桥梁作用。

在扩展的过程中也有些窍门,以下几点可供参考:

1)在整篇文章中,避免只是用一两个句式或重复用同一词语。英语中存在着极为丰富的同义词,准确地使用同义词可以给读者清新的感觉。同时要灵活运用各种句式,如倒装句、强调句、省略句、主从复合句、对比句、分词短语、介词短语等,从而增加文章的可读性。

2)使用不同长度的句子。如果一个意思用一句话写不清楚的话,通过分句和合句或用两句、三句来表达,增强句子的连贯性和表现力。

3)改变句子的开头方式,不要总是以主、谓、宾、状的次序。可以把状语至于句首,或用分词等。

4)学会使用过渡词。

(1) 递进furthermore,moreover,besides,in addition,then,etc

(2) 转折however,but,nevertheless,afterwards,etc

(3) 总结finally,at last,in brief,to conclude,etc

(4) 强调really,indeed,certainly,surely,above a11,etc

(5) 对比in the same way,just as,on the other hand,etc

5)确定文章用第几人称写,基本时态是什么。使用人称时人物不能张冠李戴或指代不明。

时态要尽量保持一致。

4、检查修改:要检查复核,不要写完了事。

要留时间通读全文,修改可能出现的错误。检查上下文是否连贯,句子衔接是否自然流畅。检验的标准主要是句子是否通畅,该用连词的地方用了没有,所用的连词是否合适,是否有语法错误,主谓是否一致,动词的时态、语态、语气的使用是否正确,词组的搭配是否合乎习惯,是否有大小写、拼写、标点错误等,还有就是注意卷面整洁。

可归纳为:中心突出,主题明确;层次清楚,条理清晰; 表达力强,传情达意;语句通顺,句型多变;过渡自然,衔接紧凑;标点正确,大小无误;字迹清楚,卷面整洁。

高中英语写作常用开头句型

1.As far as …is concerned 就……而言

2.It goes without saying that… 不言而喻,…

3.It can be said with certainty that… 可以肯定地说……

4.As the proverb says, 正如谚语所说的,

5.It has to be noticed that… 它必须注意到,…

6.Its generally recognized that… 它普遍认为…

7.Its likely that … 这可能是因为…

8.Its hardly that… 这是很难的……

9.Its hardly too much to say that… 它几乎没有太多的说…

10.What calls for special attention is that…需要特别注意的是

11.Theres no denying the fact that…毫无疑问,无可否认

12.Nothing is more important than the fact that… 没有什么比这更重要的是…

13.whats far more important is that… 更重要的是…

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篇13:成长的初中英语

全文共 2092 字

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Third, I have been standing at a fork mouth of life. Looking back, looking at the footprints of your own growth, it does mean something. Love is Xin Qijis "ugly girl", his first words as we age children from small to large portrait.

"The young do not sorrow taste". Childhood, from just remember to middle school, always feel carefree. Hungry, looking forward to dinner; thirsty, looking forward to drinking water; scared, looking forward to Mom coming; frightened, looking forward to Dads side. These, call it, or just show it with tears and cry, will be able to get satisfactory results. Childhood is so simple, and it is so real. A little bigger, become a teenager, looking forward to be praised by the teacher, looking forward to the applause of the students, looking forward to full marks. When I was praised, like psychological flow with honey; whenever there is out, it went to the jubilant mom and dad to show off a beam with joy. At that time, how simple and innocent.

Now, the childhood in my mind has become an eternal memory, the dream of the flower season is also like a distant landscape, childhood wind like, feel, but can not see, can not touch, there are countless ways of life before, I have to walk with heavy steps wandering. Just like the taste of sorrow now". So, what about the future? Is it to open up life or to enjoy life? Yue Feis sake, Gou hardships, let me dance, father chose the former; comfortable air conditioning, cola fun, crispy potato chips, the excitement of the game so I choose the latter. Both steady stand in the balance at both ends, not the severity of the conflict scale blocking my schedule. Secondary education in less than a year will end after nine years of baptism we have strong body, sucking countless knowledge in the motherland to defeat in the mighty wave crashing on a sandy shore,? No, can not, the process of growth is painful, "enjoy life" although intoxicating, but if our youth long drunk, do not laugh for people?

Therefore, in the face of growth, we must bravely overcome the idea of ease in mind, and open up a perfect life course.

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篇14:我的爱好初中英语作文

全文共 891 字

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hobbies are very important to a person。 without having any hobby, life wont be as colorful as it should be。 i have a variety of hobbies, such as collecting stamps, playing musical instruments, reading, and doing sport activities。

when i am free, i will spend time on my hobbies。 when i am in a blue mood, i will also do my hobbies to cheer myself up。 hobbies can help us improve our moods。 many hobbies requires devotion。 for example, when you play a musical instrument, you have to practice over and over in order to perform good music。 after a period if you still enjoy it, gradually it will become a hobby of yours。 but, remember: a hobby is like gold under the ground; no hobby will come to you unless you dig it out yourself。

if you can treat study as one of you hobbies, learning will be more enjoyable。 i hope all of you can find your own hobbies and also have fun from them。

[我的爱好初中英语作文

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篇15:2024年高二期末英语满分

全文共 945 字

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Within China, regional customs and traditions concerning the celebration of

the Chinese new year vary widely. People will pour out their money to buy

presents, decoration, material, food, and clothing. It is also the tradition

that every family thoroughly cleans the house to sweep away any ill-fortune in

hopes to make way for good incoming luck. Windows and doors will be decorated

with red colour paper-cuts and couplets with popular themes of “happiness”,

“wealth”, and “longevity”. On the Eve of Chinese New Year, supper is a feast

with families. Food will include such items as pigs, ducks, chicken and sweet

delicacies. The family will end the night with firecrackers. Early the next

morning, children will greet their parents by wishing them a healthy and happy

new year, and receive money in red paper envelopes. The Chinese New Year

tradition is a great way to reconcile forgetting all grudges, and sincerely wish

peace and happiness for everyone.

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篇16:初中英语作文大全

全文共 853 字

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Li Xiaohu spent too much time playing computer games and he fell behind

others. As a good/close friend of his, I must do something to help him.

First, I think it’s very important for him to learn lessons well. He should

spend most of his time on his study instead of computer games.

Secondly, I must tell him that playing computer games too much is bad for

his health, especially for his eyes. So he must give it up. I can play more

sports with him after school. Maybe he will become more interested in sports

than computer games. And then I‘ll ask him to concentrate more on his study. Of

course, I will try my best to help him with all his subjects. I think I can do

it in many fun ways and let him find much fun in studying. At the same time,

I’ll ask both his parents and our teachers to help him, too. If I try these, Im

sure he will make great progress soon.

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篇17:初中英语作文我的暑假

全文共 2731 字

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篇一: Times flys. My summer holiday is coming to the end. My holiday is just so so. It is not too much difference as before. At the biginning of the vacation, I was doing my homework. After all, study comes first. After I finished my homework, it was almost the end of July. It is the time for me to help my family for harvest. It is so tired to to the farm work. Howevr, being a member of our family, I have to give a hand. Watching the achievement, I felt proud though I just help a little. After finished the farm work, I found myself become much more tan. Who cares! It was my happy time, when I finished all the things. I went out with my friends almost everyday. Sometimes we played games or sport or went hiking. Sometimes we went shopping in the evening for the sun is too heavy in the daytime. We felt uncomfortable. But now there are two days left before the school opening time. So I have to stay at home for a good rest to store energy for my study. Everything is so perfect. It is 11 o’clock. I think I have to say good ninght now.

时间飞逝。我的暑假就要结束了。我的假期一般般。在假期一开始的时候,我写家庭作业。毕竟,学习是最重要的嘛。我做完作业后,几乎到了七月底了。是时候帮助家人收获了。干农活是如此的累。然而,作为家庭的一员,我不得不帮忙。虽然我只是帮了一点点,但是看着那些成果我感到很骄傲。干完农活后,我发现自己变得更黑了。不过,谁在乎呢。当我完成了所有的事情就是我的快乐时光。我几乎每天都和我的朋友出去玩。有时我们玩游戏或运动或去爬山。有时我们晚上出去购物,因为白天太阳太烈了。我们觉得难受。但现在离开学还有两天的时间。所以我必须呆在家里为学习养精蓄锐。一切都是那么的美好。现在已经十一点了。我想是该说晚安的时候了。

篇二:

Summer holiday is from July to August .It s a long time for me to do all kinds of things . I like visiting some places of

interest . And I like travelling by train . It takes me too much time , but it saves money .Sometimes I stay at home and do

my homework , sometimes I help my parents do some house work. When my parents are free , we often go to the park or

the zoo , and we have a good time there . I have a good summer holiday .

我的夏日假期暑假从7月至8。这山对我来说长的时间做各种事情。我喜欢参观一些地方的利益。我喜欢坐火车旅行。这要花我太多的时间,但它可以节省资金。有时候,我留在家里做功课,有时我帮助我的父母做一些家务。当我的父母都是免费的,我们经常去公园或动物园,我们有一个好的一段时间。我有一个愉快的暑假。

篇三:

My summer holiday begun on July 7th.I love summer holiday because I dont have to go to school and I can enjoy myself with my friends.I often spend the mornings doing my homework.And I always watch TV in the afternoon at home because its very hot outside.And in the evening,I go swimming with my family and then hang out with my friends.I love swimming very much.

我的暑假7月7日开始。我喜欢暑假,因为我不用去学校,可以和朋友玩。我经常在上午做作业,下午在家看电视,因为外面很热。傍晚,我和家人去游泳然后和朋友去逛街。我很喜欢游泳。

My plan for August is travelling.I travel with my family every summer holiday.I like travelling because I can go to different places and meet different people.Sometimes I make good friends during the journey.And its very sad to say goodbye to them when the journey ends.

我八月份的计划是去旅游。我每个暑假都和家人去旅游。我喜欢旅游是因为我可以去不同的地方认识不同的人。有时候我在旅途中交到了好朋友。旅途结束和他们告别的时候我觉得很难过。

[初中英语作文我的暑假3篇

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篇18:略谈提高英语写作能力的方法

全文共 1112 字

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书面表达是英语写作的重要组成部分,有不少学生觉得用英语写作很难,不知从何练起。笔者教学实践发现,首先要具备扎实的基础知识,抓住课本教学来培养学生的写作能力,立足教材,由易到难,由浅入深,采取多种形式来加强书面表达训练,这样英语写作水平才能得到提高

一是通过词汇教学训练写作能力。要写好文章不是一朝一夕就能达到的,必须从最基础的词汇入手。教学中,教师要注意加强词汇方面的训练,力求给学生交代清楚每一个词语的具体用法。对一些重点的、核心的词汇讲清,讲透每个词语的单独用法和搭配用法。为了更有效地与课本结合起来,每学完一个单元,根据本单元的单词、短语造句,举一反三,帮助学生扩大词汇量,使学生词不离句,强化写作训练。

二是通过一句多译练习训练写作能力。就七年级学生而言,他们虽然接触英语学习时间不长,但教师还是要注重引导学生多做一些一句多译练习,这样有助于启发学生的写作思路。考试时选择自己有把握的句子灵活地表达同一内容,减少失误,提高得分率。通过做汉译英练习,暴露出学生受母语影响的问题,对这些问题我及时进行讲评和纠正。这样,有利于培养和规范学生的英语表达能力。

三是结合课文进行各种体裁的写作训练。目前,信息来源的渠道多种多样,学生课文中有记叙、日记、通知、便条、书信、广告和说明等多种体裁,文中还有大量的插图,教师可利用图片让学生进行看图写作。要学好英语写作就必须从课文练起,从一些常见的文体练起,由短到长,由浅入深,循序渐进地进行。

四是通过背诵训练写作。培养学生的英语写作能力,以课文为中心训练写作能力非常重要,因为课文中的句子就是规范的英语范文。因此,每学完一篇课文或对话,教师就要要求学生背诵,然后默写。这样使学生把词语放在句型、段落、篇章中去理解、记忆和体味,以至于能够仿写、改写。

五是通过仿写和改写训练写作能力。仿写也是提高英语写作能力行之有效的方法,模仿写作中,格式、构思、表达方式等方面都可模仿。但要提醒学生注意灵活变通,语句要通顺,符合英语表达习惯。仿写前要从时态,句型,内容选材等方面对学生加以辅导,指导学生怎样模仿,特别提醒学生注意时态。

另外,改写也是一种很好的方法,改写就是对文章材料的文体、式样、句式等进行改编的一种训练方式。无论是改人称、改时态,还是改对话材料为叙述文字,这都有助于学生复习巩固所学知识,又能培养学生所学知识的迁移运用能力,还能起到提高学生的写作能力。

总之,要提高学生的英语写作能力,就要培养学生养成良好的学习习惯。即:重视词、短语、造句,优秀的对话和课文要背诵,多做翻译练习,练习改写和仿写,结合课文进行各种体裁的写作训练。只有坚持不懈,持之以恒,才能写出准确、地道、规范的英语文章。

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篇19:初中英语作文之我的五一计划

全文共 571 字

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My plan for may day

On May 1sh, Im going to my grandmothers home.I think that must be very significative.Because she is too old to visit me and my parents, and she must be very have in mind our.

I will go for a walk with my grandmother and buy she some summer wears.they must fit her like best. Of course , I dont think that is a easy work! So it must takes me many time.

After shopping, we will have a good rest and have lunch in my grandmothers home.

And then, I will clean the home with my grandmother.

At last, I go home.

Of course, I must finish my homewolk.

[初中英语作文之我的五一计划

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