初一myfamily英语作文60词(优秀20篇)

It is about half past four.It is time for sport.The students are on the playground.

They are playing a football match.LiDong is one of them.He is good at football.He plays well.He is on the school football team.LiDong says,I like playing football.It is my favourite sport.LiDong‘s friends,PanChen and WangHaisay,He‘s a football fan.Ronaldo is his favourite player.

Look at the boys around the basketball court.Many boys are watching a basketball match.The tall boy,Tanglin,is very good at playing basketball.He is very fast and he plays well.Many of his friends say,He is a good basketball player.His favourite basketball player is YaoMing.His team is sure to win.

I hope they can be the good players of our country,too.

现在是四点半。该是体育运动的时候了。学生们在操场上。

他们正在踢足球match.lidong就是其中之一。他擅长踢足球，他踢得很好。他是学校足球team.lidong说，我喜欢踢足球。这是我最喜欢的运动。立冬&lsquo；的朋友，潘琴和WangHaisay，他&lsquo；是一个足球迷，罗纳尔多是他最喜欢的球员。

看看周围的男孩篮球场。许多男孩正在看篮球比赛，高个子的男孩，Tanglin，篮球打得非常好。他很快，他打得很好。他的许多朋友说，他是一个很好的篮球运动员。他最喜欢的篮球运动员是YaoMing，他的团队肯定赢。

我希望他们也能成为我们国家的好球员。

Today is Sunday.Its sunny today.I go to the zoo with my mother.I can see many animals.There are tigers,lions,pandas,snakes and many more.Look!The pandas are over there.Theyre from China.Look at the baby panda!Its climbing trees. How cute it is!I love pandas.

Next,we go to see the lions.The lions are so strong.Their mouths are too big.The tigers ae next to them.They are from Asia.They are yellow.At last,we go to see the monkeys.Some are climbing moutains,some are eating bananas.THeyre so much fun!

I see many animals at the zoo and Im so happy today!

Now TV has become necessary in our life. We can get all kinds of information through TV. The world is in front of us. The distance between countries is shortened with the help of TV.Every day we can watch some interesting programs to make us happy.

Although TV has some benifits, sometimes it has bad influence. Some students have no time to study because they watch TV in all the free time. And some programs are not proper for children.

So we should choose some good programs to watch, especially for children.

We are looking for successful door will always encounter many difficulties. Difficulties, the things we most often encountered in life. It is easy to bow to them, but if we bow to him. It will fail.

Remember that time, my mother made a cake for me. Now that delicious still remained.

I cant help, I decided to make a give yourself to eat. I have eggs, milk and fruit... I couldnt find flour. I looking for west east, I saw a similar bag of flour on the table in the living room. I was overjoyed to get into the kitchen. I dont care what is this stuff will strike him into the bowl, put a little water mixing. Those "flour" unknowingly became more elastic. I rub a rub with the hand, the "flour" all become transparent. "Why is this? My cake in the right way? Im really stupid..." I quit, my in the mind at this moment "stick to it." The idea has been constantly emerge. I pick up the confidence to go to the supermarket to buy a bag of flour, after my efforts. Finally I put your delicious cake is ready. I cant wait to tastes. I do better than moms to eat.

Want to be successful in the face of difficulties, dont give up, fell stood up. Only raise your confidence, and perseverance. To enjoy the fruits of success.

我们寻找成功的大门中总会遇到许许多多的困难。困难，我们人生中最常遇到的事情。我们很容易向他们低头，但是如果我们向他低头。那么就会失败。

记得那一次，我的妈妈做了一个蛋糕给我。现在那美味还存留着。

我忍不住了，我下决心自己做一个给自己吃。我准备了鸡蛋、牛奶和水果……就是找不到面粉。我东找西找，只见有一袋类似面粉在客厅的桌子上。我喜出望外地拿进厨房。我不管这是什么东西就把他全倒进碗里，放一点水搅拌着。那些“面粉”不知不觉变得有弹性起来。我用手搓了搓，那“面粉”全变透明的了。“这是为什么?我的蛋糕做的方法不对吗?我真笨……”我不干了，我心里就在这时“坚持。”这个念头一直在不停的浮现。我拾起信心来，去超市买了一包面粉，经过我的努力。终于我把你美味的蛋糕做好了。我迫不及待地尝了一口。我做到比妈妈的更好吃。

想成功就要面对困难，不要放弃，摔倒了就站起来。只有扬起信心，坚持不懈。才能品尝到成功的果实。

Winter vacation one day, my mother came home from work. Just rushed into the door shout: "month, guess mother bring to you?" "It must be delicious." I answer without thinking. "No." Mother said, and took out a small box handed me from behind. I took the box curiously, cant wait to open a look, turned out to be a lively and clever bird. I took it, carefully looked at carefully.

This should be a just flying bird, corners of the mouth of the yellow is not faded. A taupe feather plump neat, small round eyes black light, looked around in horror.

Accidentally, the birds escape from my hand, toward the window, want to fly out? That a head hit the window and fell on the windowsill, but it still unwilling, stare blankly with wings to fly. I cant help but poor bird, I think, the bird should live in the bosom of nature, free to fly. So I said to mother: "mom, lets put the bird! See mom and dad, birds worry more afraid of ah." Mother looked at me with indecision, then use appreciation tone, said: "my son is grown up. Birds have given you, you have the final say." I thanked my mother happily, holding the bird ran downstairs.

Downstairs to the ground, I gently loosen the hands and the little bird "ceng" to fly to the sky, fly away quickly. I seem to see the bird to fly back to the flock, nestled in the father and the mother bird bird side, telling the story of todays experience, has a good boy...

寒假的一天，妈妈下班回家。一进门就兴冲冲地喊：“月月，猜妈妈给你带来什么?”“肯定是好吃的。”我不假思索地回答。“不对。”说着，妈妈从背后拿出一个小盒子递给我。我好奇地接过盒子，迫不及待地打开一看，原来是一只活泼机灵的小鸟。我小心翼翼地捧起它，仔细端详着。

这应该是一只刚刚会飞的小鸟，嘴角的嫩黄还未褪去。一身灰褐色的羽毛丰满整洁，一双圆溜溜的小眼睛乌黑光亮，惊恐地四下张望。

一不小心，小鸟从我手里挣脱开来，朝着窗户飞去，想要飞出去吧?没想到一头撞到窗玻璃，落在窗台上，可它仍然不甘心似的，扑楞着翅膀想要飞起来。我不禁可怜起小鸟来，我想，小鸟应该生活在大自然的怀抱里，自由自在地飞翔。于是，我对妈妈说：“妈妈，咱们把小鸟放了吧!看不到爸爸妈妈，小鸟多着急害怕呀。”妈妈惊疑地看着我，然后用欣赏的口吻说：“我的儿子长大了。小鸟已经给你了，你说了算。”我高兴地谢过妈妈，捧着小鸟飞快地跑下楼去。

来到楼下的空地上，我轻轻地松开双手，小鸟“噌”地飞向天空，很快地飞远了。我仿佛看见小鸟飞回了鸟群，依偎在鸟爸爸和鸟妈妈的身边，诉说着今天的经历，故事里有一位善良的少年……

there are 3 members in our family,my father,my mother and i.we love each other deeply.my father likes reading.we share a big bookshelf,and he take large proportion o f it.everyday he reading newspaper, magazines and all kinds of paper which have letters on it.my mum love to play computer games since i teach her how to do it.she likes to see the movies and play majiang on it.whats more, i like to do some games in our garden with my dog.we are very happiness for we can do whatever we like.we never quarel, if we have some promblems we will sit together and take suggestions from each other.My family is very harmonious，i love my family.

我家有三个成员，爸爸，妈妈和我。我们都非常爱彼此。我爸爸非常喜爱阅读，家里有一个我和他共用的书架，大部分都是他的书。每天都要找点什么来读，报纸啦，杂志啦，只要是有字的，他都要读上一读。我妈妈则爱上了电脑，自从我教会她如何看电影以及如何在上面打麻将之后，她就为之疯狂了。至于我，我喜欢和我的狗狗在室外一起做一些运动。我们是个幸福的家庭，因为我们可以做任何我们喜欢的事情，我们从不吵架，要是家里出现了任何问题，我们都会坐下来一起讨论解决。并听取彼此的意见。我的家庭很和谐。我爱我家。

The end of the year, on New Years Eve is the reunion night, every family is decorated, celebrate a peaceful year end, the new year started.

On the eve of new years Eve, all the family are busy with the Spring Festival couplets. Our family is no exception, and the couplets at home are still posted by me every year. In fact, the knowledge of this couplet is quite great. When you saw this couplet last year, you will know the hopes and intentions of the family in the new year, and you will know what happy events happen in the familys family in the past year.

In this day, the happiest of all the children, they were early to call for adults to meet the year, because after the end of the year, they can put fireworks. When the fireworks, several children are shouting, dancing in the side, that Gaoxing Jin jiubeng mention, and even adults are also infected with them. After the fireworks one family around the table to eat family reunion dinner, the most interesting thing is to eat dumplings, and it also can eat to eat dumplings, who eat the money that who will be the best in the new year of luck, so you are to eat, who also rob the rich dumplings. But whether to eat or not to eat or eating dumplings this atmosphere is the most unforgettable......

New years Eve is the most memorable night!

结语：可以说寒假是一个新的起点，正在离我们不远处等着我们全市界的小朋友们，当然,还会有我们学校的一些大同学。

Hello, everyone!Let me introduce myself, I was a student in the *** school, seven Eight, my good grades, teachers, students and I are good, I like them, my after school with mystudents to play together, we are very happy together, we learn subjects: geography, politics, history, language, mathematics, English, computer and science as well as some other subjects, class schedule and at eight at night school at five 40a week eight lessons, we learned a very hard, has an extra-curricular activities after school, some students to participate, some students go home every day we had a wonderful time.

[初一英语自我介绍优秀作文

Computer games is a hot topic nowadays. Some people hold that it is bad.

And others hold that it is good. In my view, whether good or bad is determined

by the players.

If one plays computer game properly in his spare time, computer games can

be an excellent source of joy. For example, something impossible in your real

life can be realized in the computer

games. You can pilot a space craft and travel in the universe. Every coin

has two sides. If one plays computer game excessivly, it may affects his

eyesight and study.

The computer games itself is only a tool like knife. If we use it properly,

it can pare apples. But if we use it to attack others. It immediatly becomes an

lethal weapon.

Throughout the millennia, students of all ages in China have had to endure the miseries of learning by rote. Teachers have stifled creativity in the pursuit of the accumulation of facts, and parents have forced children to spend mind-numbing hours cramming for exams. But for the past year, the government has been experimenting with what could amount to revolutionary changes in Chinas classrooms. The aim is to make education more pleasant, more useful and, above all, to challenge students to think for themselves.

What has prompted the reforms is a belated recognition that Chinas education system is failing to produce enough innovative thinkers. In addition, students are deeply unhappy. A survey conducted by the Education Ministry five years ago found more than 80% of students disliked school. Dropout rates have been rising in rural areas—partly for economic reasons but also because of the stultifying atmosphere of their classrooms. Exam pressures frequently lead to suicides. According to a survey last year among senior secondary-school students and university freshmen in one area, more than 50% had considered killing themselves.

Several other countries in East Asia, including Japan, South Korea and Taiwan, are grappling with similar problems. But the implications of Chinas reform efforts are particularly profound. Chinas traditional education methods are ideally suited to a political culture that requires citizens to submit blindly to authority. By encouraging students to question their teachers and regard them as equals (even official literature now talks of fostering a “democratic” atmosphere in classrooms), China could be ushering in a new kind of relationship between the rulers and the ruled.

整个几千年,在中国所有年龄段的学生不得不忍受苦难的死记硬背。老师扼杀创造力的追求事实的积累,和家长迫使孩子花的小时死记硬背的考试。但在过去的一年里,政府一直在尝试什么革命性的变化在中国的教室。目的是使教育更愉快、更有用,最重要的是,挑战学生独立思考。

什么促使改革是一个迟来的承认,中国的教育系统是无法产生足够的创新的思想家。此外,学生感到非常不满。五年前教育部进行的一项调查发现,超过80%的学生不喜欢学校。农村辍学率一直在上升的经济原因,还因为愚蠢的教室的气氛。经常考试压力导致自杀。去年的一项调查显示,在高级中学学生和大学新生在一个地区,超过50%的人认为是自杀。

其他几个国家在东亚,包括日本、韩国和台湾,也面临着类似的问题。但中国的改革努力的影响尤为深刻。中国传统的教育方法是适合一个政治文化,需要公民提交盲目权威。通过鼓励学生质疑老师和把他们视为等于(甚至现在官方文学对话培养“民主”的气氛中在教室),中国可能成为引领一种新的统治者和被统治者之间的关系。

Love is a stranger a hand; Love is the teacher sets a white hairs in the homework; Love is the mother of a move, let you feel the warm.

A little boy, I hate my mom, but since that time, I understand the mothers love.

On one occasion, I was just about to do the homework, but found that I lost my homework, Im afraid I carelessly, didnt see it, just opened the bag, take out your book all, one by one to find, but not yet, my heart suddenly tense up, thought: without the book I cant do the homework, tomorrow, but how to account with the teacher! True when I worry, mom came back, I just want to let my mother to help me get to the school, but have to see mother look very embarrassing, appear very tired, very worry, dont let mother go, cant replacement tomorrow, let mother go, mom look very tired today, should have a good rest at home. When my mother found my exception, a little angrily said: "what are you doing! Dont do your homework?" I speak hesitatingly ground to say: "my homework...... in the school, cant... help me to get?" After mother, drop a words: "I cant help you any more, let you suffer, next time do not!" I reluctantly went back to the room and felt very upset, and in the end I had to do other homework well first, after a while, I heard a door shutting, also didnt care.

The next morning, I was bedding bag, found that fall in the school yesterday book appear in the table above, feel very strange, suddenly recalled that door shutting in the brain, ask mother, mother said: "I cant help you with, it must be you didnt see!" But I think mother lying, ask grandma, grandma, mother to help me to get in the rain at night, my heart was warm, head emerge with a tired mother help me to take his umbrella rain notebook.

At this point, the warmth welled up in my mind.

爱是陌生人的一把搀扶;爱是作业本里老师落下的一根白发;爱是母亲的一个举动，让你体会到温暖。

小的时候，我讨厌我的妈妈，但从那次以后，我懂得了妈妈的爱。

有一次，我正准备做作业，可是发现我的作业本不见了，我怕是我粗心，没看见，就翻开书包，把本子全都拿出来，一本一本的找，可还没有，我的心一下子紧张了起来，心想：没有了本子我就没法做作业了，明天可怎么跟老师交代呀!真当我犯愁的时候，妈妈回来了，我就想让妈妈帮我到学校拿一下，可有看妈妈脸色很难堪，显得十分疲倦，就很忧虑：不让妈妈去吧，明天没法交代，让妈妈去吧，妈妈今天看起来很累，应该在家好好休息。就在这时妈妈发现了我的异常，有点生气地说：“你在干嘛呀!不好好做作业?”我吞吞吐吐地说：“我的……作业本……在学校里，能不能……帮我去拿一下呀?”妈妈听后，丢下一句话：“我可不会再帮你了，让你吃吃苦头，下次就不会这样了!”我无可奈何地回到了房间，心里忐忑不安，最后我只好先把其他的作业做好，过了一会儿，我听到了一声关门声，也没怎么在意。

第二天早上，我正在理书包的时候，发现昨天落在学校里的本子出现在桌子上面，感到很奇怪，突然脑子里回想起那关门声，就去问妈妈，妈妈说：“我可没帮你拿，准是你自己没看到!”可我觉得妈妈在撒谎，就去问奶奶，奶奶说是妈妈晚上冒雨帮我去拿的，我的心一阵温暖，脑袋里浮现着劳累了一天的妈妈打着伞冒着大雨帮我拿本子的情形。

此时，阵阵暖意涌上我的心头。

There is a big square near my house. People like to get together there and have the long chat. My grandma likes to go there when she has the time. Especially at night, after finishing dinner, my grandma will go to dance with her friends in the square. Sometimes I will go with her, seeing my grandma dance and join her group.

我家附近有一个大广场。人们喜欢聚在那里,长时间的聊天。我奶奶一有时间就喜欢去那里。特别是在夜晚,吃完晚餐后,我奶奶会和她的朋友们一起去广场上跳舞。有时我会和她一起去,我看着奶奶跳舞,也会加入她的团队。

根据所给的四幅图画，以“Mikes Test Paper”为题，按顺序写一篇不少于80字的短文。内容必须符合题意。

迈克英语学得不好。昨天，参加了英语考试。他又没考及格。他不敢告诉他妈妈他得了低分。在他回家的路上，天下起了大雨。于是他有了个主意。为什么不把卷子当伞用呢?他就把卷子顶在头上开始往家跑。当他到家时，卷子全湿了，几乎被雨淋成了碎片。当他妈妈问他分数时，迈克尴尬地笑了笑，把试卷递给妈妈看。

Mike is bad at English. Yesterday, he had an English test. He failed again. He dared not tell his mother the low marks. On his way home, it rained heavily. So he got a good idea. Why not take the paper as an umbrella? He just put the paper on his head and began to run home. When he arrived home, the paper was all wet and almost torn to pieces by the rain. When his mother asked about the marks, Mike showed the paper to his mother with an embarrassed smile.

My Family

My name is Claire and I’m in my fourteen years old. I live a happy life because I have a warm and harmonious family.

There are four people in my family. They are my parents、my elder brother and me. My parents both are teachers so that my brother and I have been well educated. I am four years younger than my brother who always cares much about me. We have a good relationship, though we quarrel and even fight sometimes. Actually, I am likely to consider it as a sign of love.

In one word, I really love my family. How about yours?

【汉语翻译】

我的家庭

我的名字叫克莱尔,我十四岁了。我过着快乐的生活,因为我有一个温暖和谐的家庭。

我家有四口人，他们是我的父母、我的哥哥和我。我的父母都是教师,我和我哥哥都受过良好教育。我比我哥哥小四岁，他总是非常关心我。我们有良好的关系,尽管有时我们争吵甚至打架。事实上,我可能会认为这是爱的象征。

总之,我真的很爱我的家人。你的家庭怎么样?

初一英语作文 My Happiest Day

I am 13 years old now. Yesterday was my birthday. My parents had a birthday party. I invited some friends to the party.

In the morning my mother got up early and began to cook. My father helped her with cooking. They were so busy that they had no time io talk with me.

When all my friends arrived, my mother brought delicious food and a big birthday cake. My father gave me new clothes and some books as presents. I was moved to tears. My friends sang birthday songs for me and gave me some presents. I had a wonderful birthday.

[初一英语作文 My Happiest Day

there are six people in my family, my grandfather, mother, father, sister, brother and i.

my father is a businessman . he is always busy with his work and often goes out early and comes back late. so we seldom have time to talk to each other.

my mother is very kind . she can cook delicious food. she is nice to her children, so she is a good mother.

my grandfather is seventy years old. he is a good-hearted person. i revere him.

my sister is a senior middle school student . she works hard at school. my brother and i are middle school students. he is in rongxian middle school.

i think i am very lucky to live in such a happy family.

[英语作文：My Family 我的家

I often go to see my grandma and grandpa during winter vacation. They are both seventy years old and live in the country happily. I can do many interesting things there. I am used to getting up early in the morning and breathing the fresh air in the countryside. After snow, I would like to skate and ski with my friends. When night comes, I am used to sitting by the fire and listening to grandma telling me many funny stories. And I tell her some new things happening in the city. When I have to go back, I am always reluctant to go. I really feel happy living in the country.

This afternoon, our classmates dressed in neat uniforms, volunteers on the cap, began volunteering --

We divided into two group, a number of initiatives with miss zhou, a batch of picking up litter and yan teacher to square. Its my pleasure, was chosen by miss zhou to the initiative. Followed from the store before we come to the experimental middle school, take action! "Uncle hello, we are extending to the situation of primary school volunteers. You know we delay, kratos elementary school campus experimental middle school have?" We have a stretcher, uncle smiled to the florist asked. "Yes!" Uncle looked confused, replied. "Oh, we want to initiative to you." My partner [garbage? Said, "first, I hope you can dont throw rubbish path at the playground, does not affect the environment, can do it?" The uncle nodded: "can!" "Second, dont talk loudly, to avoid disturb the students learning." I the tacit understanding of a second. "Well, no problem." Uncle smiled and nodded. "Then please receive initiative book!" [garbage? Uncle handed the initiative to the flower shop, a company a standard stretcher, out of the flower shop. "Yeah, success!" Me and [garbage? High-five ". "Teacher, completed a!" We call the teacher. Miss zhou out his phone and said, "come, take a photo! The classmates huddled in a block, a bright smiling face record together, "click"! We finished, and initiative.

"Hello!" , "thank you for your support! . "there are several initiatives. Such word, replaying fall back such as flow! Although sweat wet clothes, but our heart is full of joy. The activity of today and further increased my courage, increased my confidence!

今天下午，我们班的同学穿着整齐的校服，戴上志愿者帽，开始了志愿活动——

咱们分两批，一批与周老师做倡议，一批与颜老师到广场捡垃圾。我很荣幸，被周老师选去倡议了。我们来到了实验中学前的一家家店面，开始行动啦!“叔叔您好，我们是延奎小学的志愿者。您知道实验中学有我们延奎小学的分校吗?”我行了个队礼，微微一笑对花店叔叔问。“知道啊!”叔叔疑惑的打量着，答道。“噢，我们想向您提出倡议。”我的搭档陈星?说道，“第一，希望您能不乱丢垃圾道分校操场，不影响环境，能做到吗?”叔叔连忙点头：“能啊!”“第二，不大声喧哗，避免打扰学生们学习。”我默契的说出第二条。“好，没问题啊。”叔叔笑笑，点点头。“那请接收倡议书吧!”陈星?把倡议书递给了花店叔叔，我们一同行了个标准的队礼，走出花店。“耶，成功咯!”我与陈星?击掌叫好。“老师，完成一家了!”我们叫唤着老师。周老师拿出手机，说：“来了，拍张照吧!”同学们挤在一块，灿烂的笑脸记录在一起，“咔嚓”!我们拍完照，又去倡议啦。

“您好!”，“谢谢您的支持!”，“有几点倡议。”这样的话语一遍遍重复着，都倒背如流啦!虽然汗水打湿了衣裳，但我们心中充满了喜悦。今天的活动更进一步的增加了我的勇气，增加了我的信心!

Looking at the Great Wall, it is the brightest star in human history. In the earth, we can see the continuous Great Wall winding in the mountains; In the long history of history, we can see the time of the Great Wall. In the eyes of the Chinese, the Great Wall is a soldier who defends his country. In the eyes of foreigners, the Great Wall is a mysterious Oriental dragon.

Looking at the Great Wall, we seem to be back in the qin dynasty. Under the whip swinging of qin shi huang, the men in the harsh voice yelling, the suffering of the Chinese civil shoulder load lines feldspar, mixed with his own blood, with hard work, with a patriotic heart, with a fresh life, of the built in the history of the Great Wall, and the Great Wall of flesh and blood can stand in the east of the world.

Looking at the Great Wall, we are back in history. In those wars, for many years, entrusted with Great Wall stand tall in the above the earth, rivers, and between the throat region, time and time again to resist the enemys invasion, defender of the sacred territory of the motherland. And you see, the stone on the strong wall of the towering sky, which did not shed the blood of our soldiers? What part of the world is not weeping about the soldiers hearts? Where did not the white bones of the intruders be buried in the stony and wild patches of land outside the wall? Which one does not show the marks of the soldiers battle with the enemy? Then the Great Wall became angry, and it hurt, and leaped up, and, at the top of his head, the iron walled giant of the wall, said to the world, "whoever dares to infringe it will kill one."

Look at the Great Wall, in the wind we see the love of the blazing love - the state - heart!

There are three people in my family. Theyre father, mother and I。My mother is a Chinese teacher. She is not tall, nor short, just right. She is fat. She likes to eat noodles and vegetables. Her favorite colors are brown and red. She doesnt like animals. She lets me to learn playing piano. I love her because she is nice and hard-working. She cares for me a lot. She is take cares of grandparents. Sometime my father and my mother fight each other。

My father is a manger. He is thirty-six years old. He is fat and tall. He is good at maths and physics. He cares for me much. Sometimes he buys me stationary. I like my dad。

Now its my turn. My name is Tina. Im eleven years old. Im not thin, nor fat, just right. Im tall. I go to Simon English School. Im in grade four class one. I like to eat french-fries and some friends but I dont like meat. I can paint. My best friends are Lily and Helen. My favorite colors are black, white, yellow and blue。

Sometime in my family everything is very nice。

Hi,everyone,Im excited to introduce myself to you.My name is __,and you can call me__.I was born in a tradition family,my father is a __,and my mother is a __.I am intrested in learning __,and in my spare time id like to play__.Now,we have went step to junior high school,Id like to be friend with you,angI think we will learn more during this period together.