小升初英语作文写作指导【精品20篇】

我们应如何的写好微作文，下面是小编整理的微写作的四种主要形式，欢迎阅读。

微写作”的主要形式有“圈点批注”式、“微博发表”式、“文中选文”式、“拓展延伸”式。“微写作”的积累可激起学生作文的头脑风暴。

“圈点批注”式“微写作” “圈点批注”是一种最简单易行的“微写作”，很类似现在人在博客中发评论，在博客里，评论与微博同步，发一条评论就是一条简单的微博。这种发评式的“微写作”，有很强的即兴性，它是阅读者思想火花的灵光一闪，如果能长期坚持，积累下来，学生的思维能力就会逐渐提升，学生的思想也就逐渐丰富，有了深度。真正的阅读，阅读者势必会关心一些能触动自己心灵的文字，他们借助批注，把自己的心灵波动，心电图似的描摹出来。把自己的喜怒哀乐用文字表达出来的过程，也是一种写作积累的过程，这种情感的积累是作文中抒发真情的源泉，有了这些真情积累，才能避免写作中的矫揉造作和无病呻吟。这种“微写作”的好处，不仅仅在于练笔和积累，最重要的是它能给心灵注入灵性，让阅读和写作者对事物、世界和文字保持一颗敏感的心灵，让作文有了源头活水。

比如，在学习陶渊明的《咏荆轲》时，老师让学生依据课文《荆轲刺秦王》圈点批注诗作《咏荆轲》。有同学批“惜哉剑术疏，奇功遂不成!”二句就是一篇精彩小议论文：“惜”字知陶渊明眼见心冷，《战国策》用秦武阳殿前色变振恐，秦王惊慌还柱，极言荆轲之勇猛，又于文末以“事所以不成者，乃欲以生劫之，必得约契以报太子也。”为说辞，为荆轲刺秦王失败开脱，而陶渊明则一针见血地指出原来英雄荆轲“剑术疏”。不然，荆轲手持药淬之利匕首，追杀朝服盛装的秦王，且秦王已经惊慌失态“绝袖”“还柱而走”，荆轲竟然不能擒而杀之，最后引匕首提秦王也未能击中秦王却中了柱子，可以确知荆轲剑术真是疏浅。由此可以推测，先前荆轲为何要久待“远居之人”的深意了，可见荆轲是有自知之明的，可以设想，假如荆轲此次协同一精通剑术的武士前往咸阳，那么历史又将如何改写呢?又哪来“奇功遂不成”的遗憾!

升初作文怎么写，怎么才能构思一篇好作文。背诵一篇好文章按题目套文？其实这样的方法是有一定风险的。撞中了叫运气，反之则倒霉。下面和小编一起来看看小升初作文的写作基础。希望对大家有所帮助。

一、素材的多角度立意

意大利着名画家达·芬奇的老师对达·芬奇所说的自己画蛋的体会：即使是同一只蛋，只要变换一下角度，形状便立即不同了。这告诉我们对生活中发生的事件我们可以多角度分析。文章源于生活，它的立意亦应多角度进行。

我们以一个发生在同学们身边的事件为例。

今年春天，我和爸爸来到高尔夫球场，第一次学打高尔夫球。看教练做很简单，我按照教练的要求去做，却发现和想象的不同，要么杆碰不上球，要么球出去就偏离了方向，经历了一次次失败，我终于成功了。

就这一事例，我们可从如下角度立意：

1、最大的敌人是自己，战胜自己就会走向成功;

2、一招一式，看似简单，做起来难，失之毫厘，谬以千里;

3、成功需要方法;四、运动带来快乐……

这样，一个素材，可以根据命题的不同，确定立意，设置情节，确定描写重点。但无论从哪个角度立意，打球的动作细节是不能丢的。

二、练习写好文章的细节

学生练习作文的过程中，很多孩子注意了情节的起伏，语言的流畅，但总感觉文章空泛，这是为什么呢?忽视了细节描写。

怎样写好细节，简单地说，细节描写要还原生活，去发现场景细节、服饰细节、语言细节、动作细节、心理细节等，按照生活本来的面目去描摹。一篇文章，恰到好处地运用细节描写，能起到烘托环境气氛、刻画人物性格和揭示主题思想的作用。

如何将“陌生叔叔帮我把车修好”写细，我们首先要还原生活场景，在头脑中勾勒出雪中修车图，再从这一图画中去寻找描写的细节。

这是一位同学的作文片断：“叔叔迅速地摘下手套，用右手拿着链条，左手帮着把链条搬过去，链条一点点地扣上去了，一节一节地扣住了后轮的齿轮。‘咣当’一声，链条滑了出来，这一次努力前功尽弃。我的心咯噔一下，万一叔叔告诉我修不好，我该怎么办呀!可事情并非如我想象，只见叔叔向拢起的双手呵了呵气，又蹲下了身子。他为了不让链条弹开，用右手把链条往前面齿轮上套住，然后右手拉住链条往后齿轮上移，左手护住链条不让它再滑出来。后来，他看到位置有些偏，就用左手把它移正再装，洁白的雪花落在了他冻得通红的满是油污的手上，我知道他的手一定很冷，很冷，可他的心一定很热，很热。终于，链条一节一节地和齿轮扣住了。他猛一转脚踏板，车子居然又完好地转动起来。”文章中最直观的细节是叔叔修车的动作细节，摘、拿、套、拉、护、移、转等动词的使用，写出了叔叔雪中修车的不容易，突出了人物精神。其次应当是外貌细节和心理细节的描写衬托了人物美好的心灵。

每个人观察生活的角度和经历不同，再现的生活场景也就不同，但无论采用怎样的方法，我们达到这样一种境地为最好——做到写人则如见其人，写景则如临其境。

三、整理生活中的素材

努力回忆六年来的校园生活，家庭生活中记忆尤为深刻的小事，哪怕是一次单手磕鸡蛋的经历都不要放过。因为孩子有对生活的观察、积累，有真实的体验、感受，他的表述一定会具体而生动，他所表达的情感一定是真实的。翻翻过去的作文、周记，从多个角度，搜集这样的素材，将细节完整地记录下来，进行分类整理。

有些家长大量地看作文选、杂志，想帮助孩子从上面搬些素材下来。我不大同意这样的做法，因为那不是孩子的生活，他很难像成人一样具有缜密的思维，进行合理的想象情节，他也很难描摹当时的细节，这样的作文不能打动读者。不如让作文选、杂志成为勾起孩子回忆生活的媒介，从与作者相似的经历中挖掘写作素材。如：从作文选上看奶奶为我掖被子的细节，想到冬天，妈妈买药回来，为我滴眼药时怕我嫌凉而搓手的动作，这样一来写母爱的文章就有了素材。

四、努力锤炼文章的语言

佳酿总是经过酿造才有它独特的芳醇，文章也是一样，经过锤炼的语言才是有生命力的语言，孔子说“言之无文，行而不远。”说的就是这个道理。

我们可尝试这样的几种方式，让语言焕发色彩。

在句式变换上下工夫。在表达强烈的情感时，可以将陈述句用反问、设问或感叹句的形式表达。

在准确地运用词汇上下工夫。在文章中可以用一些拟声词来丰富表达;另外，可使用叠词使描绘更加准确，而且能使语言具有节奏感，从而让语言富有音乐美。再有，四字词语和成语的使用，会使语言表达更为简练。   在恰当地运用修辞上下工夫。修辞不但使文章语言生动活泼，而且能调节音节，增强语言的音乐美，提高语言的表达效果。例如：“风追着雨，雨赶着风，风和雨联合起来追赶着天上的乌云，整个天地都处在雨水之中”一句，意思是说“大雨来了”。但是作者使用了拟人的手法，把风、雨当作正在奔跑的人，飞快地追赶天空的乌云，这样一说比“大雨来了”更能表现出雨来的之快、之急、之大。当然，修辞方法还有引用、夸张、排比、设问、反问等等，我们应根据需要采用。

写好作文就需要有好的写作方法，下面是小编整理的2017年小升初作文写作方法，欢迎阅读。

一、提高认识事物和表达事物的能力。我国著名教育家叶圣陶先生指出：写任何东西决 定于认识和经验，有什么样的认识和经验，才能写出什么样的东西来。反之，没有表达认识的 能力，同样也写不出好作文。

二、把认识结构作为作文的核心，包括学习知识，观察积累，记忆储存，训练思维，丰富 想象，培养情感，锻炼意志;从说到写，推敲修改，多读勤写。

三、树立大作文观，听、说、读、写有机结合

一要注重审题;二要明确写作目的，立意要新;三是选材要有根据;四要讲究谋篇技巧，安排 好篇章结构;五要注意文章分段，事先列小标题，作文提纲;六要注重文章写法，因文用法; 七要妙用语言，用思想调遣语言。 学会五种立意法：以事赞人，直抒胸臆，借物喻理，触景生情，托物言志。

四、作文大目标的逐年级分解：一年级字词，二年级句子，三年级片断，四年级篇章，五 年级综合，六年级提高。

五、实施五项训练

根据认识是作文的核心这一原则，围绕这个发展学生心理机制的核心，扎扎实实地进行了五项

下面是关于高考英文写作的技巧以及必备高分句型，希望对同学们有所帮助!

一、要善于模仿

一些同学的办法往往是背一堆范文，然后再到考场上进行一个“剪切”、“粘贴”的工作，真正的模仿重点永远要放在一定的句式结构上，而非个别的词汇。有一个句式说：“…for the simple reason that…”表示某种现象的原因是什么，用在高考写作中，我们就可以拿来解释为什么自行车在中国如此的流行：“The bicycle is very popular in China for the simple reason that…”。然而，很多同学一谈到原因仍然是“…because…”。如果要表示“总是能够”的概念，很多同学提笔就会写can always，但理想的句子应该是用双重否定表示强烈的肯定，用never fail to。

二、要灵活变通

在批改过上万份同学们英语作文中，经常能发现一些将中文生硬地翻译成英文的表达法。有一句话叫做“立志如山，行道如水”，写英文作文，一定要有决心把它写好，有信心把意思表达清楚，这是“立志如山”;但关键是遇到问题时要有个灵活的态度，能像流水一样变通解决问题。有个翻译界的故事说：在某大型国际会议的招待会上，一道菜是用鸡蛋做的。与会的客人问翻译：“What is it made of”本来是非常简单的一个问题，结果翻译太紧张，忘了“egg”这个词，但是他急中生智，回答：“It is made of Miss Hen’s son.”这里，就是一个灵活变通的范例。绕道表达，是写作中应该常常运用的一种方法。

三、要细心观察

注意英语中一些表达上的习惯。比如在正式文体的写作中，很少用 “it isn’t”这样的略缩形式，而往往是一板一眼地写作 “it is not”。同理，在正式文体中的日期一般不缩写，阿拉伯数字一般会用英文表达(特别长的数字除外)。

许多同学在写作文时，习惯于把 “since” “because” “for”这样的词放在句首引导原因状语从句。事实上，在我们见到的英语报刊杂志文章中，这样的从句一般都是放在主句之后的。另外, “and”也常常被误放在一句话的开头，表示两个句子之间的并列或递进关系。其实，经常留心地道的英语文章能发现，如果是并列关系，完全可以不用连词;如果是递进关系，用 “furthermore” “what is more”更为普遍。

四、要心有全局

英文写作如果结构意识良好，应试写作就简化成为一个填空的过程了，适当地填入观点、素材，文章就自然而然立起来了。

临考在即，同学们要牢记英语写作的基本要领，特编顺口溜如下：细审题，巧构思，列要点，防遗漏。写日记，同汉语;书信，通知格式要牢记。看清图表细梳理，写人记事按顺序;完稿后查遗漏，整洁干净莫忘记。

英语写作七类万能句型必备

一. 结尾万能句

Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that…

把所有这些因素加以考虑,我们自然会得出结论……

Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that…

考虑所有这些因素,我们可能会得出合理的结论……

Hence/Therefore, wed better come to the conclusion that…

因此,我们最好得出这样的结论……

There is no doubt that job-hopping has its drawbacks as well as merits.

毫无疑问,跳槽有优点也有缺点。

All in all, we cannot live without… But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.

总之,我们没有...…是无法生活的。但同时,我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题。

二. 引出话题万能句

Recently, the problem of… has aroused peoples concern.

最近，……问题已引起人们的关注。

The Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.

互联网已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。它给我们带来了许多好处,但也产生了一些严重的问题。

Nowadays, overpopulation has become a problem we have to face.

如今，人口过剩已成为我们不得不面对的问题了。

It is commonly believed that…=It is a common belief that … 人们一般认为……

Many people insist that…

很多人坚持认为……

With the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that…

随着科技的发展，越来越多的人认为……

A lot of people seem to think that…

很多人似乎认为……

三. 引出观点万能句

Peoples views on…vary from person to person. Some hold that... However, others believe that…

人们对……的观点因人而异。有些人认为……，然而其他人却认为……

People may have different opinions on…

人们对……可能会有不同的见解。

Attitudes towards drugs vary from person to person.

对毒品的态度因人而异。

There are different opinions among people as to…

关于……，人们的观点大不相同。

Different people hold different attitudes toward failure.

对(失败)人们的态度各不相同。

四. 提出建议万能句

Here are some suggestions for handling…

这是处理......的一些建议。

The best way to solve the troubles is…

解决这些麻烦的最好办法是……

People have figured out many ways to solve this problem. 人们已想出许多办法来解决这个问题。

It is high time that we put an end to the trend.

该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了。

It is time to take the advice of… and to put special emphasis on the improvement of…

该是采纳……的建议并对……的进展给予特殊重视的时候了。

There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of…

毫无疑问，对……问题应予以足够的重视。

Obviously,… If we want to do something… , it is essential that…

显然，如果我们想做某事，很重要的是...…

Only in this way can we…

只有这样，我们才能……

It must be realized that …我们必须意识到……

五. 预示后果万能句

Obviously, if we don’t control the problem, the chances are that … will lead us in danger.

很明显，如果我们不控制这一问题,很有可能......会使我们会陷入危险。

No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that…

毫无疑问，除非我们采取有效措施，否则很可能……

It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation.

很紧迫的是，应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展。

六. 论证万能句

From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.

在我看来，支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理。

I cannot entirely agree with the idea that…

我无法完全同意这一观点……

Personally, I am standing on the side of…

就个人而言，我站在……的一边。

I sincerely believe that…

我真诚地相信……

In my opinion, it is more advisable to do…than to do…

在我个人看来，做……比做……更明智。

Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why …

七. 给出原因万能句

This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons. First, … Second, … Third, …

这一现象的存在是有许多原因的。首先，……第二，……第三，……

Why did …? For one thing,... for another(thing),...

为什么......?一则，...... 二则，......

I quite agree with the statement that… The reasons are chiefly as follows.

我十分赞同这一论述,即……，其主要原因如下。

写好这篇作文，要注意以下几个问题：

（一）什么是感恩。

宽泛的说就是对别人所给的帮助表示感激。它的情感比感谢要深切、要厚重、要丰沛。

（二）对谁感恩。

这个问题其实就是这篇文章的主要写作对象和范围。

在写作范围上同学们一定要拓宽选材空间，可以思考的范围有：回顾历史，放眼社会，倾听大自然，展望未来。

在写作对象上同学们要倾注丰富情感，可以寄托的情感的载体有人、物、景、事等。

（三）感恩的原因。

这是这篇作文的写作缘由。感恩，充实着我们的生活；感恩，塑造着我们的心灵；感恩，

使世界变得美丽；感恩，使我们拥有爱心，天天拥有感恩之心是多么幸福、清净的境界。但现代社会中有很多缺乏感恩的表现：对父母辛苦的无动于衷、对老师付出的漠然置之、对动物受伤的冷眼相待、对别人危难的缺乏同情、对民族忧患的缺乏关注。。。。面对这些现象，我们可以展现自己与写作对象之间发生的事件交往、情感交流和独特体悟。很多事情、很多情感值得我们写入作文。可以参考的有：

1父母亲的爱惜、呵护

2老师们的指导、教诲

3朋友间的关心、提醒

4陌生人的帮助、风险

4大自然的恩赐、赋予

5失败后的鞭策、启迪

6祖国、民族的强壮、哺育

（四）怎样感恩

感恩，不像你想像得那么遥不可及，它做起来也很简单。以下给出几个小材料，通过这几个小材料，总结下我们可以借鉴的感恩的做法：

一．为何国王把王位传给第三个儿子？

有个国王有三个儿子，他很疼爱他们，但不知传位给谁。最后，他让三个儿子回答如何表达对父亲的爱。大儿子说：我要把父王的功德制成帽子，让全国的百姓天天把您供在头上。二儿子说：我要把父王的功德制成鞋子，让普天下的百姓都知道是您支撑他们。三儿子：我只想把您当做一位平凡的父亲，永远放在我心里。最后，国王把王位传给了第三个儿子。

通过这则材料我们总结出的是：

感恩需要真诚，它应该来自心灵的深处。

二、小女孩为何获得雷鸣般的掌声？

老师正在做一次如何感恩父母的调查。一个同学马上说：等我长大的时候，我要送一套很大很大的别墅给他们。其他的同学露出惊奇和羡慕的目光。另一个同学接着说：我要请爸爸妈妈出去旅游，南极的冰川和北极的极光就是我送给他们的礼物！其他的同学传出不小的赞叹声。只有一个女孩怯怯地说：我要给妈妈洗头，让让她的长发飘逸起来空气在这一刻凝固了，教室里静得能听见心跳声。为什么？老师不解地问。在一次车祸中，妈妈的双手致残了，只有我给她洗头对妈妈来说，洗头是种幸福！教室里爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。

通过这则材料我们总结出的是：

感恩需要爱，它是幸福的另一种表达。

感恩需要细心呵护，它应该来自平凡的生活。

三、奥运会冠军顾俊的感人之处何在？

《江南时报》报道，载誉归来的奥运会冠军顾俊回到家乡无锡，得知父亲顾德元所在的无锡第四纺织机械厂正遇到贷款难题，便毫不犹豫地拿出自己的16枚金牌，给父亲拿去作为贷款抵押。如今，这家企业蒸蒸日上。当职工们共拿出20万元奖励她时，顾俊却说：我为家乡人民做些事情是应该的没有家乡的哺育，就没有我的今天。

通过这则材料我们总结出的是：

感恩需要提升境界,它应该来自博大的胸怀。

四、国手拒绝回国原因哪般？

釜山亚运会之前，中国篮球协会召回在美国打球的王治郅，准备将他与姚明、巴特尔组成固若金汤的防线。然而，由于害怕经济利益受到损失，这位无人能替的国手最终没有回国效力。比赛的结果可以想象，我们以几分之差屈居亚军

通过这则材料我们总结出的是：

感恩应该远离冷漠，拒绝自私，对心胸狭窄勇敢地说不。

[如何指导感恩话题作文的写作

心理学家说，人在一帆风顺的时候，不会觉得幸运，而当遭遇厄运时却往往会感到命运不公。而一个人眼中的生活常态，很大程度上决定了他的生活态度。当我们把困难、不顺视为生活常态时，我们的生活态度就会平静积极，从容坦然。当一个人将挫折、不幸、苦难的出现视为生活常态的时候，就能有直面的勇气，同时，也会对来自他人的关怀和帮助心存感激。

此题内容可以涉及生活的方方面面，文章应呈现辩证统一的理性思考。既可以写自己，也可以写他人;既可以写自然，也可以写现实社会。从作文立意上可见作者对生活中欢喜忧伤、逆境顺境的态度。

我们写作文的时候要避免下面的十种情况，欢迎阅读。

一、察物不精，浮光掠影，以至作文时叙述描写抽象空泛。

一位同学在《池塘雨景》中写道：“池塘的四面围着一些花草树木。树是各种各样的，一片郁郁葱葱。花也是各种各样的，五彩缤纷。”这段描写就显得有些空泛。空间有哪些树，树有何特征，有哪些花，这些花的形态和色彩如何，都未能出来。不仅如此，它还未能扣住“雨”字。这都是由于观察不细导致的。

二、语言干瘪，无文采，行文不够丰满。

例如有一篇题为《我的语文老师》的习作，其中有一段这样写道：“她长得比较标准，戴着眼镜，说话声音不大，总爱笑，我非常喜欢她。”这段文字，从语法上看显然没有问题，但从描写人物肖像、再现人物音容笑貌的力度和效果上看，语言则欠修饰润色的功夫，显得比较平淡，缺乏生动性和表现力。

三、机械模仿，生搬硬套，没有创新精神。

有一篇写状物的文章，其中有一段是这样写的：“种了这小东西，庭中就成为系人心情的所在，早上才起，放学回来，不觉总要在那里小站一会儿工夫。”这段文字，除了将叶圣陶《牵牛花》中的“工毕”改为“放学”，“小立”改为“小站”外，其余文字几乎雷同。这种依样画葫芦式的仿作，与抄袭还有多大区别呢?当然，看到报刊上的一篇好文章，以启发后，结合自己的所见所闻所感，用自己的语言写出文章来，虽然这样的文章不免带有“仿”的痕迹，但对初学写作的人来说，是值得赞许的。而那种把X或Y代进去的“仿作”，岂不是变成数学游戏了吗?

四、生造词语，适用语汇，令人劳神费解。

例如：“我爸爸是位老师，对我的要求很严烈。”“他人老心不老，表示一定要为人民多服几年务。”心上第一句里的“严烈”，在词典里根本查不到，属生造;第二句里的“多服几年务”，把“服务”拆开，属割裂词语。

五、言重词复，不重推敲，不懂得锤炼字句。

例如：“到达目的地有三条路可走，即左路、中路和右路。左路和右路，路途较远，走中路最近，所以左中右三路中，我们决定走中路。”显然，这段文字嗦重复的地方不少，但如果能对其稍作加工锤炼，将其变成“到达目的地有左中右三条路可走，中路最近，所以我们决定走中路”，那就简洁多了。

六、追求“文气”，故作文雅，有哗众取宠之嫌。

“太阳上山了”一句，本来非常通俗晓畅，也很简洁，可有人竟将其写成“一个圆圆射出金色光芒的红红的太阳，静悄悄地从东山上探出脸儿来了”，以显示自己博学多才。

鲁迅先生一贯主张文章应该通俗易懂，要“从活人的嘴上，采取有生命的词汇，搬到纸上来。”同学位应该从这里获得一点启示。

七、前后抵触，自相矛盾，不合思维逻辑。

例如，“我是一个十分顽皮的小孩，自小到大可以说都是这样的顽皮”一句，既然前边已经承认自己是个“小孩”，后边怎么又说“从小到大”呢?因此，前后抵触，出现矛盾。

八、孤立写景，无助主旨，为写景而写景。

例如，有一篇写春节见闻的文章，其中写道：“早晨一起床，看见天空阴沉沉的，好像满有‘脸愁容。太阳不知躲到哪里去了，北风呜呜地哭泣着。这时候，街上传来锣鼓声，爆竹连天，人们都在欢度春节，多热闹啊!”作者愿意是写过春节的欢东，但开头这段写景，不但不能衬托主旨，相反牛头不对马嘴，还和主旨打起架来了。

九、浅吟低唱，孤芳自赏，缺乏在气与豪放。

例如，有一位同学在一篇文章中这样写道：“亭子里格外冷清，一个人走累了，便坐下来。这时，忽然想起李清照的一首词来：‘风往尘香花已尽，日晚倦梳头。物是人非事事休，欲语泪先流……’是啊，风物依旧，可人事已非。想着想着，不觉眼泪似断了线的珠子簌簌落下。”确实，在一部分学生的习作中，浅吟低唱，孤芳自赏，成了他们抒写的主调，而关于人生观、价值观的思考和介入，则“千呼万唤”难睹面。这种柔弱的病态文风，应当引起我们的注意。

十、轻视标点，一逗到底，有的甚至王文不加标点。

例如下面的一段文字：“人人挑灯夜读时，她已经上床睡觉，而人人要睡觉时，她便放声地扯起呼噜，大家都很愤怒，都纷纷地要捏她的脸。”这段话至少包含了两个完整的句子，应把“扯起呼噜”后的逗号改为句号才对。我们要重视标点，让标点更好地为文章服务。

你可曾发现，其实很多事情不是我们不懂，不是我们看不清形势，不是我们不听劝，不是我们不肯做，也不是我们不需要周围的人给我们帮助，只是我们心里有答案，有选择，有种坚持，需要有人支持而已，仅仅需要的是一句温暖的话，表达关心的话，而并非一再的分析形势。但是，太多的人，给我们评价，对我们下判断，用自己的思维去左右我们。

每次的感动都不在于谁给了我重要的指导意见，都仅仅是因为一句话，一句表达他们关心的话，比如“我们只是不想你受到伤害”，再比如“勇敢点”，“我顶你”，“突然有种牵挂你的感觉”……

还记得每次考试，很多父母都会唠唠叨叨的说一大堆注意事项，或者许诺，或者威胁，而我的妈妈，只在我临出门的时候跟我说一句：“祝你好运!”，这话给我的是信心，减轻的是负担。

我真的不需要谁为我做出多大的动静，帮我多大一个忙，人最缺少的，就是在关键的时候，需要关心的时候，收到一种力量，可以是一句话，一个拥抱，紧握的双手，依靠的肩膀，借着这种精神上的力量，去面对即将或者已经发生的事情。

别人的世界，我们有太多的不了解，所以没有权利给别人任何意见，除非是他说需要你帮他分析，但也只能是分析而已，千万不要帮别人做选择或者决定，不要去评判他现在所做的事如何如何，更不要强求别人一定按你的思维模式出牌，即使你是好心。

可能是我的职业习惯吧，更多的愿意倾听，而非表达。总是习惯在听完一堆抱怨或者说陈述之后，看对方是否需要我给予分析。很多时候，往往都是对方说完，

自己就已经很清醒了，他们不缺脑子，缺的是时间，或者说是一个人，愿意听完他所有的思想和情感，有时候，他们只要宣泄而已，并非真的不知道要做什么来改变现状。心理咨询其实是个很美妙的过程，给予及时的反馈而非评判，让来访者前所未有的感到被无条件的接纳，到现在我才真的明白这一点是多么多么多么的重要。

人生很多的道理，到了这个年纪我们都明白了，看过了，经历了，即使没有历经，也有起码的判断力了。我们更渴望的，是得到点点滴滴的小关爱，慢慢渗透的，恰到好处的，日积月累的，绵长的情愫。就是正对红心，那一下柔软的touch!

下面的材料旨在丰富学生在是非问题写作方面的思想和语言，考生在复习时可以先分类阅读这些篇章，然后尝试写相关方面的作文题。

对于素材中用黑体字的部分，特别建议你熟读，背诵，因为它们在语言和观点上都值得吸收。学习语言的人应该明白，表达能力和思想深度都靠日积月累，潜移默化。从某种意义上说，提高英语写作能力无捷径可走，你必须大段背诵英语文章才能逐渐形成语感和用英语进行表达的能力。这一关，没有任何人能代替你过。

因此，建议你下点苦功夫，把背单词的精神拿出来背诵文章。何况，并不是要求你背了之后永远牢记在心：你可以这个星期背，下个星期忘。这没有关系，相信你的大脑具有神奇的能力。背了工具箱里的文章后，你会惊讶的发现：I can think in English now！

1.?????? Proverbs

1. A graduation ceremony is an event where the commencement speaker tells thousands of students dressed in identical caps and gowns that individuality is the key to success.

2. The primary purpose of a liberal education is to make one’s mind a pleasant place in which to spend one’s time.

3. Next in importance to freedom and justice is popular education, without which neither freedom nor justice can be permanently maintained.

4. The classroom--not the trench--is the frontier of freedom now and forevermore.

5. Education’s purpose is to replace an empty mind with an open one.

6. It is the purpose of education to help us become autonomous, creative, inquiring people who have the will and intelligence to create our own destiny.

7. You see, real ongoing, lifelong education doesn’t answer questions; it provokes them.

8. People will pay more to be entertained than educated.

9.the most important function of education at any level is to develop the personality of the individual and the significance of his life to himself and to others. This is the basic architecture of a life; the rest is ornamentation and decoration of the structure.

10. The essence of our efforts to see that every child has a chance must be to assure each as equal opportunity, not to become equal, but to become different-to realize whatever unique potential of body, mind, and spirit he or she possesses.

11. A great teacher never strives to explain his vision-he simply invites you to stand beside him and see for yourself.

12. If you can read and don’, you are an illiterate by choice.

2. Damaging Research

A study by National Parent-Teacher Organization revealed that in the average American school, eighteen negatives are identified for every positive that is pointed out. The Wisconsin study revealed that when children enter the first grade, 80 percent of them feel pretty good themselves, but by the time they get to the sixth grade, only 10 percent of them have good self-images.

3. Education and Citizenship

An important aspect of education in the United States is the relationship between education and citizenship. Throughout its history this nation has emphasized public education as a means of transmitting democratic values, creating equality of opportunity, and preparing new generations of citizens to function in society. In addition, the schools have been expected to help shape society itself. During the 1950s, for example, efforts to combat racial segregation focused on the schools. Later, when the Soviet Union launched the first orbiting satellite, American schools and colleges came under intense pressure and were offered many incentives to improve their science and mathematics programs so that the nations would not fall behind the Soviet Union in scientific and technological capabilities.

Education is often viewed as a tool for solving social problems, especially social inequality. The schools, t is thought, can transform young people from vastly different backgrounds into competent, upwardly mobile adults. Yet these goals seem almost impossible to attain. In recent years, in fact, public education has been at the center of numerous controversies arising from the gap between the ideal and the reality. Part of the problem is that different groups in society have different have different expectations. Some feel that children should be taught basic job-related skills; still others believe education should not only prepare children to compete in society but also help them maintain their cultural identity (and, in the case of Hispanic children, their language). On the other hand, policymakers concerned with education emphasize the need to increase the level of student achievement and to improve parents in their children’s education.

Some reformers and critics have called attention to the need to link formal schooling with programs designed to address social problems. Sociologist Charles Moscos, for example, is a leader in the movement to expand programs like the Peace Corps, Vista, and Outward Bound into a system of voluntary national service. National service, as Moscos defines it, would entail “the full-time undertaking of public duties by young people whether as citizen soldiers or civilian servers-who are paid subsistence wages” and serve for at least one year. In return for this period of service, the volunteers would receive assistance in paying for college or other educational expenses.

Advocates of national service and school-to-work programs believe that education does not have to be confined to formal schooling. In devising strategies to provide opportunities for young people to serve their society, they emphasize the educational value of citizenship experiences gained outside the classroom. At this writing there is little indication that national service will become a new educational institution in the United States, although the concept is steadily gaining support among educators and social critics.

4. The Teacher’s Role

Given the undeniable importance of classroom experience, sociologists have done a considerable amount of research on what goes on in the classroom. Often they start from the premise that, along with the influence of peers, students’ experiences in the classroom are of central importance to their later development. One study examined the impact of a single first-grade teacher on her students’ subsequent adult status. The surprising results of this study have important implications. It is evident that good teachers can make a big difference in children’s lives, a fact that gives increased urgency to the need to improve the quality of primary-school teaching. The reforms carried out by educational leaders like James Comer suggest that when good teaching is combined with high levels of parental involvement the results can be even more dramatic.

Because the role of the teacher is to change the learner in some way, the teacher-student relationship is an important part of education. Sociologists have pointed out that this relationship is asymmetrical or unbalanced, with the teacher being in a position of authority and the student having little choice but to passively absorb the information provided by the teacher. In other words, in conventional classrooms there is little opportunity for the students to become actively involved in the learning process. On the other hand, students often develop strategies for undercutting the teacher’s authority: mentally withdrawing, interrupting, and the like. Hence, much current research assumes that students and teachers influence each other instead of assuming that the influence is always in a single direction.

5. Education Philosophy

For the past fifty years our schools have operated on the theories of John Dewey (1859-1953), an American educator and writer. Dewey believed hat the school’s job was to enhance the natural development of the growing child, rather than to pour information, for which the child had no context, into him or her. In the Dewey system, the child becomes the active agent in his own education, rather than a passive receptacle for facts.

Consequently, American schools are very enthusiastic about teaching “life skills” –logical thinking, analysis, creative problem--solving. The actual content of the lessons is secondary to the process, which is supposed to train the child to be able to handle whatever life may present, including all the unknowns of the future. Students and teachers both regard pure memorization as an uncreative and somewhat vulgar.

In addition to “life skills”, schools are assigned to solve the ever growing stoke of social problems. Racism, teenage pregnancy, alcoholism, drug use, reckless driving, and are just a few of the modern problems that have appeared on the school curriculum.

This all contributes to a high degree of social awareness in American youngsters.

6. Student Life

To the students, the most notable difference between elementary school and the higher levels is that in junior high they start “changing classes”. This means that rather than spending the day in one classroom, they switch classrooms to meet their different teachers. This gives them three or four minutes between classes in the hallways, where a great deal of the important social action of high school traditionally takes place. Students have lockers in these hallways, around which thy congregate.

Society in general does not take the business of studying very seriously. Schoolchildren have a great deal of free time, which they are encouraged to fill with extracurricular activities—sports, clubs, cheerleading, scouts—supposed to inculcate such qualities as leadership, sportsmanship, ability to organize, etc. those who don’t become engaged in such activities or have afterschool jobs have plenty of opportunity to “hang out”, listen to teenager music, and watch television.

Compared to other nations, American students do not have much homework. Studies also show that American parents have lower expectations for their children’s success in school than other nationalities do. (Historically, there has not been much correlation between American school success and success in later life.) “He’s just not a scholar”, the American parents might say, content that their son is on the swim team and doesn’t take drugs. (Some of the young do choose to study hard, for reason of their own, such as determining that the road to riches lies through Harvard Business School.)

What American schools do effectively teach is the competitive method. In innumerable ways children are pitted against each other—whether in classroom discussion, spelling bees, reading groups, or tests. Every classroom is expected to produce a scattering of A’s and F’s (teachers often grade A=excellent; B=good; C=average; D=poor; and F=failed). A teacher who gives all A’s looks too soft—so students are aware that they are competing for the limited number of top marks.

Foreign students sometimes don’t understand that copying from other people’s papers or from books is considered wrong and taken seriously. Here, it is important to show that you have done your own work and are displaying your own knowledge. It is more important than helping your friends to pass, whom we think do not deserve to pass unless they can provide their own answers. Group effort goes against the competitive grain, and American students do not study together as many Asians do. Many Asians in this country consider their group study habits a large contributor to their school success.

7. Adult Education

After complaining about many aspects of American life, a 40-year-old woman from Hong Kong concluded, “But where else could someone my age go back to school and get a degree in social work? Here you can change your whole life, start a new business, do what you really want to do.”

So at least to this person, school requirements weren’t inhibiting. And to millions of others, adult education is the path to a new career, or if not to a new career, to a new outlook. Schools generally encourage the older person who wants to start anew, and besides regular classes, schedule evening classes in special programs. Today there are so many people of retirement age in college that it is no longer remarkable.

8. Moral Relativism in American

Improving American education requires not doing new things but doing (and remembering) some good old things. At the time of our nation’s founding, Thomas Jefferson listed the requirements for a sound education in the Report of the Commissioners for the University of Virginia. In this landmark statement on American education, Jefferson wrote of the importance of education and writing, and of reading history, and geography. But he also emphasized the need “to instruct the mass of our citizens in these, their rights, interests, and duties, as men and citizens.” Jefferson believed education should aim at the improvement of both one’s “morals” and “faculties”. That has been the dominant view of the aims of American education for over two centuries. But a number of changes, most of them unsound, have diverted schools from these great pursuits. And the story of the loss of the school’s original moral mission explains a great deal.

Starting in the early seventies, “values clarification” programs started turning up in schools all over America. According to this philosophy, the schools were not to take part in their time-honored task of transmitting sound moral values; rather, they were to allow the child to “clarify” his own values (which adults, including parents, had no “rights” to criticize). The “values clarification” movement didn’t clarify values; it clarified wants and desires. This form of moral relativism said, in effect, that no set of values was right or wrong; everybody had an equal right to his own values; and all values were subjective, relative, and personal. This destructive view took hold with a vengeance.

In 1985 The York Times published an article quoting New York area educators, in slavish devotion to this new view, proclaiming, “They deliberately avoid trying to tell students what is ethically right and wrong.” The article told of one counseling session involving fifteen high school juniors and seniors. In the course of that session a student concluded that a fellow student had been foolish to return one thousand dollars she found in a purse at school. According to the article, when the youngsters asked the counselor’s opinion, “He told them he believed the girl had done the right thing, but that, of course, he would not try to force his values on them. ‘If I come from the position of what is wrong,’ he explained, ‘then I’m not their counselor.’”

Once upon a time, a counselor offered counselor, and he knew that an adult does not form character in the young by taking a stance of neutrality toward questions of right and wrong or by merely offering “choices” or “options”.

In response to the belief that adults and educators should teach children sound morals, one can expect from some quarters indignant objections (I’ve heard one version of it expressed countless times over the years): “Who are you to say what’s important?” or “Whose standards and judgments do we use?”

The correct response, it seems to me, is, is we ready to do away with standards and judgments? Is anyone going to argue seriously that a life of cheating and swindling is as worthy as a life of honest, hard work? Is anyone (with the exception of some literature professors at our elite universities) going to argue seriously the intellectual corollary, that a Marvel comic book is as good as Macbeth? Unless we are willing to embrace some pretty silly position, we’ve got to admit the need for moral and intellectual standards. The problem is that some people tend to regard anyone who would pronounce a definitive judgment as an unsophisticated Philistine or a closed-minded “elitist” trying to impose his view on everybody else.

The truth of the real world is that without standards and judgments, there can be no progress. Unless we are prepared to say irrational things—that nothing can be proven more valuable than anything else or that everything is equally worthless—we must ask the normative question. It may come, as a surprise to those who fell that to be “progressive” is to be value-neutral. But as Matthew Amold said, “the world is forwarded by having its attention fixed on the best things” and if the world can’t decide what the best things are, at least to some degree, then it follows that progress, and character, is in trouble. We shouldn’t be reluctant to declare that some things, some lives, books, ideas, and values are better than others. It is the responsibility of the schools to teach these better things.

At one time, we weren’t so reluctant to teach them. In the mid-nineteenth century, a diverse, widespread group of crusaders began to work for the public support of what was then called the “common school”, the forerunner of the public school. They were to be charged with the mission of school felt that the nation could fulfill its destiny only if every new generation was taught these values together in a common institution.

The leaders of the common school movement were mainly citizens who were prominent in their communities—businessmen, ministers, local civic and government officials. These people saw the schools as upholders of standards of individual morality and small incubators of civic and personal virtue; the founders of the public schools had faith that public education could teach good moral and civic character from a common ground of American values.

But in the past quarter century or so, some of the so-called experts became experts of value neutrality, and moral education was increasingly left in their hands. The commonsense view of parents and the publicthat schools should reinforce rather than undermine the values of home, family, and country, was increasingly rejected.

There are those today still that claim we are now too diverse a nation, that we consist of too many competing convictions and interests to instill common values. They are wrong. Of course we are a diverse people. We have always been a diverse people. And as Madison wrote in FederalistNo.10, the competing, balancing interests of a diverse people can help ensure the survival of liberty. But there are values that all American citizens share and that we should want all American students to know and to make their own: honesty, fairness, self-discipline, fidelity to task, friends, and family, personal responsibility, love of country, and belief in the principles of liberty, equality, and the freedom to practice one’s faith. The explicit teaching of these values is the legacy of the common schools, and it is a legacy to which we must return.

9. Schools Should Teach Values

People often said, “Yes, we should teach these values, but how do we teach them?” this question deserves a candid response, one that isn’t given often enough. It is by exposing our children to good character and inviting its imitation that we will transmit to them a moral foundation. This happens when teachers and principals, by their words and actions, embody sound convictions. As Oxford’s Mary Warnock has written, “You cannot teach morality without being committed to morality yourself; and you cannot be committed to morality yourself without holding that some things are right and others wrong.” The theologian Martin Buber wrote that the educator is distinguished from all other influences “by his will to take part in the stamping of character and by his consciousness that he represents in the eyes of the growing person a certain selection of what is, the selection of what is ‘right’, of what should be.” It is in this will, Buber says, in this clear standing for something, that the “vocation as an educator finds its fundamental expression.”

There is no escaping the fact that young people need as example principals and teachers who know the difference between right and wrong, good and bad, and who themselves exemplify high moral purpose.

As Education Secretary, I visited a class at Waterbury Elementary School in Waterbury, Vermont, and asked the students, “Is this a good school?” They answered, “Yes, this is a good school.” I asked them, “Why?” Among other things, one eight-year-old said, “The principal Mr. Riegel, makes good rules and everybody obeys them.” So I said, “Give me an example.” And another answered, “You can’t climb on the pipes in the bathroom. We don’t climb on the pipes and the principal doesn’t either.”

This example is probably too simple to please a lot of people who want to make the topic of moral education difficult, but there is something profound in the answer of those children, something education should pay more attention to. You can’t expect children to take messages about rules or morality seriously unless they see adults taking those rules seriously in their day-to-day affairs. Certain must be said, certain limits lay down, and certain examples set. There is no other way.

We should also do a better job at curriculum selection. The research shows that most “values education” exercises and separate courses in “moral reasoning” tend not to affect children’s behavior; if anything, they may leave children morally adrift. Where to turn? I believe our literature and our history are a rich quarry of moral literacy. We should mine that quarry. Children should have at their disposal a stock of examples illustrating what we believe to be right and wrong, good and bad—examples illustrating what are morally right and wrong can indeed be known and that there is a difference.

What kind of stories, historical events, and famous lives am I talking about? If we want our children to know about honesty, we should teach them about Abe Lincoln walking three miles to return six cents and conversely, about Aesop’s shepherd boy who cried wolf if we want them to know about courage, we should teach them about Joan of Arc, Horatius at the bridge, and Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad. If we want them to know about persistence in the face of adversity, they should know about the voyages of Columbus and the character of Washington during the Civil War. And our youngest should be told about the Little Engine That Could. If we want them to know about respect for the law, they should understand why Socrates told Crito: “No, I must submit to the decree of Athens.” If we want our children to respect the rights of others, they should read the Declaration of Independence, the Bill of Rights, the Gettysburg Address, and Martin Luther King, Jr.’ “Letter from Birmingham jail.” From the Bible they should know about Ruth’s loyalty to Naomi, Joseph’s forgiveness of his brothers, Jonathan’s friendship with David, the Good Samaritan’s kindness toward a stranger, and David’s cleverness and courage in facing Goliath.

These are only a few of the hundreds of examples we can call on. And we need not get into issues like nuclear war, abortion, creationism, or euthanasia. This may come as a disappointment to some people, but the fact is that the formation of character in young people is educationally a task different from, and prior to, the discussion of the great, difficult controversies of the day. First things come first. We should teach values the same way we teach other things: one step at a time. We should not use the fact that there are many difficult and controversial moral questions as an argument against basic instruction in the subject.

After all, we do not argue against teaching physics because laser physics is difficult, against teaching American history because there are heated disputes about the Founders’ intent. Every field has its complexities and its controversies. And every field has its basics, its fundamentals. So they are too with forming character and achieving moral literacy. As any parent knows, teaching character is a difficult task. But it is a crucial task, because we want our children to be healthy, happy, and successful but decent, strong, and good. None of this happens automatically; there is no genetic transmission of virtue. It takes the conscious, committed efforts of adults. It takes careful attention.

10. College Pressures

Mainly I try to remind that the road ahead is a long one and that it will have more unexpected turns than they think. There will be plenty of time to change jobs, change careers, change whole attitudes and approaches. They don not want to hear such liberating news. They want a map—right now – that they can follow unswervingly to career security, financial security, Social Security and, presumably, a prepaid grave.

What I wish for all students is some release from the clammy grip of the future. I wish them a chance to savor each segment of their education as an experience in itself and not as a grim preparation for the next step. I wish them the right to experiment, to trip and fall, to learn that defeat is as instructive as victory and is not the end of the world.

My wish, of course, is na?ve. One of the national gods venerated in our media—the million-dollar athlete, the wealthy executive—and glorified in our praise of possessions. In the presence of such a potent state religion, the young are growing up old.

I see four kinds of pressure working on college students today: economic pressure, parental pressure, peer pressure, and self-induced pressure. It is easy to look around for villains—to blame the colleges for charging too much money, the professors for assigning too much work, the parents for pushing their children too far, and the students for driving themselves too hard. But there are no villains: only victims.

“In the late 1960s.” one dean told me. “The typical question that I got from students was ‘Why is there so much suffering in the world’ or ‘how I can make a contribution?’ Today it’s ‘Do you think it would look better for getting into law school if I did a double major in history and political science, or just majored in one of them?’” many other deans confirmed this pattern. One said: “They are trying to find an edge—the intangible something that will look better on paper if two students are about equal.”

Note the emphasis on looking better. The transcript has become a sacred document, the passport to security. How one appears on paper is more important than how one appears in person. A is for Admirable and B is for Borderline, even though, in Yale’s official system of grading, A means “excellent” and B means “very good.” Today, looking very good is no longer good enough, especially for students who hope to go on to law school or medical school. They know that entrance into the better schools will be an entrance into the better law firms and better medical practices where they will make a lot of money. They also know that the odds are harsh. Yale Law School, for instance, matriculates 170students from an applicant pool of 3,700; Harvard enrolls 550 from a pool of 7,000.

It’s all very well for those of us who write letters of recommendation for our students to stress the qualities of humanity that will make them good lawyers or doctors. And it’s nice to think that admission officers are ready reading our letters and looking for the extra dimension of commitment or concern. Still, it would be hard for a student not to visualize these officers shuffling so many transcripts studded with As that they regard a B as positively shameful.

The pressure is almost as heavy on students who just want to graduate and get a job. Long gone are the days of the “gentleman’s C.” when students journeyed through college with a certain relaxation, sampling a wide variety of courses-music, art, philosophy, classics, anthropology, poetry, religion—that would send them out as liberally educated men and women. If I were an employer I would rather employ graduates who have this range and curiosity than those who narrowly pursued safe subjects and high grades. I know countless students whose inquiring minds exhilarate me. I like to hear the play of their ideas. I do not know if they are getting As or Cs, and I do not care. I also like them as people. The country needs them, and they will find satisfying jobs. I tell them to relax. They cannot.

Nor can I blame them. They live in a brutal economy. Tuition, room, and board at most private colleges now come to at least $7,000, not counting books and fees. This might seem to suggest that the colleges are getting rich. But they are equally battered by inflation. Tuition covers only 60 percent of what it costs to educate a student, and ordinarily the remainder comes from what college receives in endowments, grants, and gifts. Now, the remainder keeps being swallowed by the cruel costs—higher every year—of just opening the doors. Heating oil is up. Insurance is up. Postage is up. Health-premium costs are up. Everything is up. Deficits are up. We are witnessing in American the creation of a brotherhood of paupers—colleges, parents, and students, joined by the common bond of debt.

Today it is not unusual for a student, even if he works part time at college and full time during the summer, to accrue $5,000 in loans after four years—loans that he must start to repay within one year after graduation. Exhorted at commencement to go forth into the world, he is already behind as he goes forth. How could he not feel under pressure throughout college to prepare for this day of reckoning? I have used “he,” incidentally, only for brevity. Women at Yale are under no less pressure to justify their expensive education to themselves, their parents, and society. In fact, they are probably under more pressure. For although they leave college superbly equipped to bring fresh leadership to traditionally male jobs, society has not yet caught up with this fact.

Along with economic pressure goes parental pressure. Inevitably, the two are deeply intertwined.

I see many students taking pre-medical courses with joyless tenacity. They go off to their labs as if they were going to the dentist. It saddens me because I know tem in other corners of their life as cheerful people.

“Do you want to medical school?” I asked them.

“I guess so,” they say, without conviction, or “Not really.”

“Then why are you going?”

“Well, my parents want me to be a doctor. They are paying all this money and …”

Poor students, poor parents, they are caught in one of the oldest webs of love and duty and guilt. The parents mean will; they are trying to steer their sons and draughts toward a secure future. But the sons and daughter want to major in history or classics or philosophy—subjects with no “practical” value. Where’s the payoff on the humanities? It’s not easy to persuade such loving parents that the humanities do indeed pay off. The intellectual faculties developed by studying subjects like history and classics—an ability to synthesize and relate, to weigh cause and effect, to see events in perspective—are just the faculties that make creative leaders in business or almost any general field. Still, many fathers would rather put their money on courses that point toward specific profession—courses that are pre-law, pre-medical, pre-business, or, as I sometimes heard it put, “pre-rich.”

But the pressure on students is severe. They are truly torn. One part of them feels obliged to fulfill their parents’ expectations; after all, their parents are older and presumably wiser. Another part tells them that the expectations that are right for their parents are not right for them.

I know a student who wants to be an artist. She is very obviously an artist and will be a good one—she has already had several modest local exhibits. Meanwhile she is growing as a well-round person and taking humanistic subjects that will enrich the inner resources out of which her art will grow. But her father is strongly opposed. He thinks that an artist is a “dumb” thing to be. The student vacillates and tries to please everybody. She keeps up with her art somewhat furtively and takes some of the “dumb” courses her father wants her to take—at least they are dumb courses for her. She is a free spirit on a campus of tense students—no small achievement in it—and she deserves to follow her muse.

Peer pressure and self-induced pressure are also intertwined, and they begin almost at the beginning of freshman year.

“I had a freshman student I’ll call Linda,” one dean told me, “who came in and said she was under terrible pressure because her roommate, Barbara, was much brighter and studied all the time. I could not tell her that Barbara had come in two hours earlier to say the same thing about Linda.”

The story is almost funny—except that it is not. It is symptomatic of all the pressure put together. When every student thinks every other student is working harder and doing better, the only solution is to study harder still. I see students going off to the library every night after dinner and coming back when it closes at midnight. I wish they would sometimes forget about their peers and go to a movie. I hear the clacking of typewriters in the hours before dawn. I see the tension in their eyes when exams are approaching and papers are due: “Will I get everything done?”

Probably they won’t. They will get blocked. They will sleep. They will oversleep. They will bug out.

Part of the problem is that they are expected to do. A professor will assign five page papers. Several students will start writing ten page papers to impress him. Then more students will write ten page papers, and a few will raise the ante to fifteen. Pity the poor student who is still just doing the assignment.

“Once you have twenty or thirty percent of the student population deliberately overexerting,” one dean points out, “It’s bad for everybody. When a teacher gets more and more effort from his class, the student who is doing normal work can be perceived as not doing well. The tactic work, psychologically.”

Why cannot the professor just cut back and not accept longer papers? He can, and he probably will. But by then the term will be half over and the damage done. Grade fever is highly contagious and not easily reversed. Besides, the professor’s main concern is with his course. He knows his students only in relation to the course and does not know that they are also overexerting in their other courses. Nor is it really his business. He did not sign up for dealing with the student as a whole person and with all the emotional baggage the student brought along from home. That’s what deans, masters, chaplains, and psychiatrists are for.

To some extent this is nothing new: a certain number of professors have always been self-contained islands of scholarship and shyness, more comfortable with books than with people. But the new pauperism has widened the gap still further, for professors who actually like to spend time with students do not have as much time to spend. They are also overexerting. If they are young, they are busy trying to publish in order not to perish, hanging by their figure nails onto a shrinking profession.

If they are old and tenured, they are buried under the duties of administering departments—as departmental chairmen or members of committees—that have been thinned out by the budgetary axe.

Ultimately it will be the students’ own business to break the circles in which they are trapped. They are too young to be prisoners of their parents’ dreams and their classmates’ fears. They must be jolted into believing into themselves as unique men and women who have the power to shape their own future.

“Violence is being done to the undergraduate experience,” says Carlos Hortas. “College should be open-ended: at the end it should open many, many roads. Instead, students are choosing their goal in advance, and their choices narrow as they go along. It’s almost as if they think that the country has been codified in the type of jobs that exist-that they’ve got to fit into certain slots. Therefore, fit into the best paying slot.”

“They ought to take chances. Not taking chances will lead to life of colorless mediocrity. They’ll be comfortable. But something in the spirit will be missing.”

I have painted too drab a portrait of today’s students, making them seem a solemn lot. That is only half of their story; if they were so dreary I wouldn’t so thoroughly enjoy their company. The other half is that they are easy to like. They are quick to laugh and to offer friendship. They are not introverts. They are usually kind and are more considerate of one another than any student generation I have known.

Nor are they so obsessed with their studies that they avoid sports and extracurricular activities. On the contrary, they juggle their crowded hours to play on a variety of teams, perform with musical and dramatic groups, and write for campus publications. But this in turn is one more cause of anxiety. There are too many choices. Academically, they have 1,300 courses to select from; outside class they have to decide how much spare time they can spare and how to spend it.

This means that they engage in fewer extracurricular pursuits than their predecessors did. If they want to row on the crew and play in the symphony they will eliminate one; in the ‘60s they would have done both. They also tend to choose activities that are self-limiting. Drama, for instance, is flourishing in all twelve of Yale’s residential colleges, as it never has before. Students hurl themselves into these productions—as actors, directors, carpenters, and technicians—with a dedication to create the best possible play, knowing that the day will come when the run will end and they can get back to their studies.

They also cannot afford to be the willing slave of organizations like the Yale Daily News. Last spring at the one-hundredth anniversary banquet of that paper—who’s past chairmen include such once and future kings as Potter Stewart, Kingman Brewster, and William F. Buckley, Jr.—much was made of the fact that the editorial staff used to be small and totally committed and that “newsies” routinely worked fifty hours a week. In effect they belonged to a club; Newsies is how they defined themselves at Yale. Today’s students will one or two articles a week, when he can, and he defines himself as a student. I’ve never heard the word Newsie except at the banquet.

If I have described the modern undergraduate primarily as a driven creature who is largely ignoring the blithe spirit inside who keeps trying to come out and play, it’s because that’s where the crunch is, not only at Yale but throughout American education. It’s why I think we should all be worried about the values that are nurturing a generation so fearful of risk and so goal-obsessed at such an early age.

I tell students that there is no one “right” way to get ahead—that each of them is a different person, starting from a different point and bound for a different destination. I tell neither them that change is a tonic and that all the slots are not codified nor the frontiers closed. One of my ways of telling them is to invite men and women who have achieved success outside the academic world to come and talk informally with my students during the year. They are heads of companies or ad agencies, editors of magazines, politicians, public officials, television magnates, labor leaders, business executives, Broadway products, artists, writers, economists, photographers, scientists, historians—a mixed bag of achievers.

I asked them to say a few words about how they got started. The students assume that they started in their present profession and knew all along that it was what they wanted to do. Luckily for me, most of them got into their field by a circuitous route, to their surprise, after many detours. The students are startled. They can hardly conceive of a career that was not pre-planned. They can hardly imagine allowing the hand of God or chance to nudge them down some unforeseen trail.

11. To Err Is Wrong

In the summer of 1979, Boston Red Sox first baseman Carl Yastrzemski became the fifteenth player in baseball history to reach the three thousand hit plateaus. This event drew a lot of media attention, and for about a week prior to the attainment of this goal, hundreds of reports covered Yaz’s every more. Finally, one reporter asked, “Hey Yaz, aren’t you afraid all of this attention will go to your head?” Yastrzemski replied, “I look at this way: in my career I’ve been up to bat over ten thousand times. That means I’ve been unsuccessful at the plate over seven thousand times. That fact alone keeps me from getting a swollen head.”?

Most people consider success and failure as opposites, but they are actually both products of the same process. As Yaz suggest, an activity that produces a hit may also produce a miss. It is the same with creative thinking; the same energy that generates good creative ideas also produces errors.

Many people, however, are not comfortable with errors. Our educational system, based on “the right answer” belief, cultivates our thinking in another, more conservative way. From an early age, we are taught that right answers are good and incorrect answers are bad. This value is deeply embedded in the incentive system used in most schools:

Right over 90% of the time = “A”

Right over 80% of the time = “B~”

Right over 70% of the time = “C~” Right over 60% of the time = “D~” Less than 60% correct, you fail.

From this we learn to be right as often as possible and to keep our mistakes to a minimum. We learn, in other words, that “to err is wrong.

Playing It Safe

With this kind of attitude, you aren’t going to be taking too many chances. If you learn that failing even a litter penalizes you (e.g., being wrong only 15% of the time garners you only a “B” performance), you learn not to make mistakes. And more important, you learn not to put yourself to situation where you might fall. This leads to conservative thought pattern designed to avoid the stigma our society puts on “failure”.

I have a friend who recently graduated from college with a Master’s degree in Journalism. For the last six month, she has been trying to find a job, but to no avail. I talked with her about situation, and realized that her problem is that she doesn’t know how to fail. She went through eighteen years of schooling to try any approaches where she might fail. She has been conditioned to believe that failure is bad in and of itself, rather than a potential stepping-stone to new ideas.

Look around. How many middle managers, housewives, administrators, teachers, and other people do you see who are to try anything new because of this failure? Most of us have learned not to make mistakes in public. As a result, we remove ourselves from many learning experience except for those occurring in the most private of circumstances.

Different Logic

From a practical point of view, “to err is wrong” makes sense. Our survival in the everyday world requires us to perform thousand of small tasks without failure. Think about it: you wouldn’t last very long if you were to step out in front of traffic or stick your hand a pot of boiling water. In addition, engineers whose bridges collapse, stock brokers who lose money for their clients, and copywriters whose ad campaigns decrease sales won’t keep their jobs very long.

Nevertheless, too great an adherence to the belief “to err is wrong” can greatly undermine your attempts to generate new ideas. If you are more concerned with producing right answers than generating original ideas, you’ll probably make uncritical use of the rules, formulae, and procedures used to obtain these right answers. By doing this, you’ll by-pass the germinal phase of the creative process, and thus spend litter time testing assumptions, challenging the rules, asking what-if questions, or just playing around with the problem. All of these techniques will produce some incorrect answers, but in the germinal phase errors are viewed as a necessary by-product of creative thinking. As Yaz would put it, “if you want the hits, be prepared for the misses.” That’s the way the game of life goes.

Errors as Stepping Stones

Whenever an error pops up, the usual response is “Jeez, another screw up, what went wrong this time?” the creative thinker, on the other hand, will realize the potential value of errors, and perhaps say something like, “Would you look at that! Where can it lead our thinking?” and then he or she will go on to use the error as a stepping stone to a new idea. As a matter of fact, the whole history of discovery is filed with people who used erroneous assumptions and failed ideas as stepping-stones to new ideas. Columbus thought he was finding a shorter route to India. Johannes Kepler stumbled on to the idea of interplanetary gravity because of assumptions that were right for the wrong reasons. And, Thomas Edison knew 1800 ways not to build a light bulb.

The following story about the automotive genius Charles Kettering exemplifies the spirit of working through erroneous assumptions to good ideas. In 1912, when the automobile industry was just beginning to grow, Kettering was interested in improving gasoline engine efficiency. The problem he faced was“knockthe phenomenon in which gasoline takes too long to burn in the cylinder-thereby reducing efficiency.

Kettering began searching for ways to eliminate the “knock.” He thought to him, “How can I get the gasoline to combust in the cylinder at an earlier time?” the key concept here is “early”. Searching for analogous situations, he looked around for models of “things that happen early.” He thought of historical models, physical models, and biological models. Finally, he remembered a particular plant, the trailing arbutus, which “happens early,” i.e., it blooms in the snow (“earlier” than other plants). One of this plant’s chief characteristics is its’ red leaves, which help the plant retain light at certain wavelengths. Kettering figured that it must be the red color, which made the trailing arbutus bloom earlier.

Now came the critical step in Kettering’s chain of thought. He asked himself, “How can I make the gasoline red?” perhaps I’ll put red dye in the gasoline—maybe that’ll make it combust earlier.” He looked around his workshop, and found that he didn’t have any red dye. But he did happen to have some iodine—perhaps that would do. He added the iodine to the gasoline and, lo and behold, the engine didn’t “knock”.

[英语作文写作的需要背诵的部分

It is of great importance to make and maintain a green campus in our university or college. Obviously， a growing number of people are beginning to realize that it is our duty to do that in the present days， since the concept of “a green world” has become the focus of the society.

The idea of “a green campus” is beyond a green environment. To begin with， the development on the campus is to be sustainable and recyclable. Some of the authorities’ budget should be on how to reduce of the waste. What’s more， we’d better be aware of the seriousness of pollution around us. Thus the idea of environmental protection may become a common occurrence in our daily life.

It is necessary that effective actions should be taken to protect our campus from waste and pollution， and hence these activities are to play an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. Certainly， there is little doubt that further consideration must be paid to our green campuses.

是非常重要的和维护一个绿色校园在我们的大学或学院。很明显,越来越多的人开始意识到这是我们的责任,在目前的天,因为“绿色世界”的概念已经成为社会的焦点。

“绿色校园”超出一个绿色环境。首先,校园的发展是可持续的,可回收的。一些政府的预算应该在如何减少浪费。更重要的是,我们最好注意我们周围的污染的严重性。因此环保的观念可能成为一种普遍的出现在我们的日常生活中。

是必要的,应采取有效的行动来保护我们的校园浪费和污染,因此这些活动在我们的日常生活中发挥着越来越重要的作用。当然,毫无疑问,进一步考虑必须支付给我们的绿色校园。

下面是语文迷小编整理提供的100个英语写作句式，欢迎大家阅读参考。

1. According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.

依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。

2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.

最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。

3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.

没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。

4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.

人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。

5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.

越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。

6. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.

说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。

7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a persons physical fitness.

许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。

8. Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful

effects of international tourism.

应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量，努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。

9. An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.

越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而，越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法，他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题，像犯罪和卖淫。

10. Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.

许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少，以至于他们要花很长时间等一辆公交车，而车上可能已满载乘客。

11. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.

无可否认，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题：城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。

12. An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.

一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。

13. A proper part-time job does not occupy students too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间，事实上，把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康，正如那句老话：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。

14. Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.

任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。

15.Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.

当前，一提到即将开始的学校生活，许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而，对多数年轻人来说，校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。

16. In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.

考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。

17. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.

大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。

18. It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.

无可争辩，现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冻的痛苦生活。

19. Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.

尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。

20. No one can deny the fact that a persons education is the most important aspect of his life.

没有人能否认：教育是人生最重要的一方面。

21. People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.

人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。

22. In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.

在过去的几十年，先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。

23. In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.

事实上，我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。

24. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.

我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。

25. People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

人们相信拥有计算机技术可以获得更多工作或提升的机会。

26. The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.

从这几年我搜集的信息来看，这些知识并没有人们想象的那么有用。

27. Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.

现在，人们普遍认为没有一所大学能够在毕业时候教给学生所有的知识。

28. This is a matter of life and death--a matter no country can afford to ignore.

这是一个关系到生死的问题，任何国家都不能忽视。

29. For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons:

我同意后者，有如下理由：

30. Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.

在给出我的观点之前，我想看看双方的观点是重要的。

31. This view is now being questioned by more and more people.

这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑。

32. Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information Ive collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.

尽管许多人认为随着经济的高速发展，用自行车的人数会减少，自行车可能会消亡， 然而，这几年我收集的一些信息让我相信自行车仍然会继续在现代社会发挥极其重要的作用。

33. Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.

环境学家指出：持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题，而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。

34. In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.

考虑到这些严重的状况，我们比以往任何时候更需要像自行车这样的环保型交通工具。

35. Using bicycle contributes greatly to peoples physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.

使用自行车有助于人们的身体健康，并极大地缓解了交通阻塞。

36. Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.

尽管自行车有许多明显的优点，但是它也存在它的问题。

37. Bicycle cant be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.

在速度和舒适度方面，自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。

38. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：自行车的优点远大于缺点，并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。

39. There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.

当前在高校和研究机构对教育存在着大量争论，其中一个问题就是教育是否是个终身学习的过程。

40. This issue has caused wide public concern.

这个问题已经引起了广泛关注。

41. It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.

必须指出学习只能靠自己。

42. A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously, they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a persons education is a most important aspect of his life.

许多人存在这样的误解，认为离开学校就意味着结束了他们的教育。显然，他们忽视了教育是人生重要部分这一基本事实。

43. As for me, Im in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation, for the following reasons:

就我而言，我同意教育不应该随着毕业而结束的观点，有以下原因：

44. It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.

人们普遍认为高校是不可能在毕业的时候教会他们的学生所有知识的。

45. Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.

即使最优秀的毕业生，要想成为一个博学的人也要不断地学习。

46. It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.

人们普遍认为我们的现代科技使我们的社会发生了巨大的变化，近几十年人类在科技方面取得了惊人的进步。

47. Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

现在越来越多的人开始相信学习新的技术和知识能直接帮助他们获得工作就会或提升的机会。

48. An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.

一项调查显示许多老人都有到大学继续学习的愿望。

49. For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.

对大多数人来讲，退休以后，阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源。

50. For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.

对于那些想过上健康而有意义的生活的人们来说，找时间学习一些新知识是很重要的，正如那句老话：活到老，学到老。

51. There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school students doing a part-time job.

对于大学或高中生打工这一现象，校园里进行着广泛的争论。

52. By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.

通过做一份和专业相关的工作，学生不仅能够提高他们的专业能力，而且能获得从课本上得不到的经验。

53. Although peoples lives have been dramatically changed over the last decades, it must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because that tuition fees and prices of books are soaring by the day

近几十年，尽管人们的生活有了惊人的改变，但必须承认，由于学费和书费日益飞涨，资金短缺仍然是学生们面临的最大问题之一。

54. Consequently, the extra money obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life.

因此，业余工作挣来的钱将强有力地支持学生们继续他们的求学生活。

55. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce a far-reaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part-time job, which will benefit students and their family, even the society as a whole.

通过上面的讨论，我们不难得出结论：业余工作对学生们会产生深远的影响，我们应鼓励学生从事业余工作，这将有利于学生和他们的家庭，甚至整个社会。

56. These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in past. Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it.

现在，越来越多的人们开始抱怨工作比以前更有压力。许多专家指出这是现代社会发展必然的结果，无法避免。

57. It is widely acknowledged that computer and other machines have become an indispensable part of our society, which make our life and work more comfortable and less laborious.

人们普遍认为计算机和其他机器已经成为我们社会必不可少的一部分。 它们使我们的生活更舒适，减少了大量劳动。

58. At the same time, along with the benefits of such machines, employees must study knowledge involved in such machines so that they are able to control them.

同时，随着这些机器带给我们的好处，员工们也必须要学习与之相关的知识以便使用它们。

59. No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.

没有人能否认这一基本事实：对于一般工人来讲，轻松掌握这些技术是不可能的。

60. In the second place, there seem to be too many people without job and not enough job position.

第二方面，失业的人似乎太多而又没有足够的工作岗位。

61. Millions of people have to spend more time and energy on studying new skills and technology so that they can keep a favorable position in job market.

成千上万的人们不得不花费更多的精力和时间学习新的技术和知识，使得他们在就业市场能保持优势。

62. According to a recent survey, a growing number of people express a strong desire to take another job or spend more time on their job in order to get more money to support their family.

根据最近的一项调查，越来越多的人表达了想从事另外的工作或加班以赚取更多的钱来补贴家用的强烈愿望。

63. From what has been discussed above, I am fully convinced that the leisure life-style is undergoing a decline with the progress of modern society, it is not necessary a bad thing.

通过以上讨论，我完全相信，随着现代社会的进步，幽闲的生活方式正在消失并不是件坏事。

64. The problem of international tourism has caused wide public concern over the recent years.

近些年，国际旅游的问题引起了广泛关注。

65. Many people believe that international tourism produce positive effects on economic growth and local government should be encouraged to promote international tourism.

许多人认为国际旅游对经济发展有积极作用，应鼓励地方政府发展国际旅游。

66. But what these people fail to see is that international tourism may bring about a disastrous impact on our environment and local history.

但是这些人忽视了国际旅游可能会给当地环境和历史造成的灾难性的影响。

67. As for me, Im firmly convinced that the number of foreign tourists should be limited, for the following reasons:

就我而言，我坚定地认为国外旅游者的数量应得到限制，理由如下：

68. In addition, in order to attract tourists, a lot of artificial facilities have been built, which have certain unfavorable effects on the environment.

另外，为了吸引旅游者，大量人工设施被修建，这对环境是不利的。

69. For lack of distinct culture, some places will not attract tourists any more. Consequently, the fast rise in number of foreign tourists may eventually lead to the decline of local tourism.

由于缺乏独特的文化，一些地方不再吸引旅游者。因此，国外旅游者数量的快速增加可能最终会导致当地旅游业的衰败。

70. There is a growing tendency for parents to ask their children to accept extra educational programs over the recent years.

近些年，父母要求他们的孩子接受额外的教育呈增长的势头。

71. This phenomenon has caused wide public concern in many places of world.

这一现象在全世界许多地方已引起了广泛关注。

72. Many parents believe that additional educational activities enjoy obvious advantage. By extra studies, they maintain, their children are able to obtain many kinds of practical skills and useful knowledge, which will put them in a beneficial position in the future job markets when they grow up.

许多家长相信额外的教育活动有许多优点，通过学习，他们的孩子可以获得很多实践技能和有用的知识，当他们长大后，这些对他们就业是大有好处的。

73. In the first place, extra studies bring about unhealthy impacts on physical growth of children. Educational experts point out that, it is equally important to take some sport activities instead of extra studies when children have spent the whole day in a boring classroom.

首先，额外的学习对孩子们的身体发育是不利的。教育专家指出，孩子们在枯燥的教室里呆了一整天后，从事一些体育活动，而不是额外的学习，是非常重要的。

74. Children are undergoing fast physical development; lack of physical exercise may produce disastrous influence on their later life.

孩子们正处于身体快速发育时期，缺乏体育锻炼可能会对他们未来的生活造成严重的影响。

75. In the second place, from psychological aspect, the majority of children seem to tend to have an unfavorable attitude toward additional educational activities.

第二，从心理上讲，大部分孩子似乎对额外的学习没有什么好感。

76. It is hard to imagine a student focusing their energy on textbook while other children are playing.

当别的孩子在玩耍的时候，很难想象一个学生能集中精力在课本上。

77. Moreover, children will have less time to play and communicate with their peers due to extra studies, consequently, it is difficult to develop and cultivate their character and interpersonal skills. They may become more solitary and even suffer from certain mental illness.

而且，由于要额外地学习，孩子们没有多少时间和同龄的孩子玩耍和交流，很难培养他们的个性和交际能力。他们可能变得孤僻甚至产生某些心理疾病。

78. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that, although extra studies indeed enjoy many obvious advantages, its disadvantages shouldnt be ignored and far outweigh its advantages. It is absurd to force children to take extra studies after school.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：尽管额外学习的确有很多优点，但它的缺点不可忽视，且远大于它的优点。因此，放学后强迫孩子额外学习是不明智的。

79. Any parents should place considerable emphasis on their children to keep the balance between play and study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

任何家长都应非常重视保持孩子在学习与玩耍的平衡，正如那句老话：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。

80. There is a growing tendency for parent these days to stay at home to look after their children instead of returning to work earlier.

现在，父亲或母亲留在家里照顾他们的孩子而不愿过早返回工作岗位正成为增加的趋势。

81. Parents are firmly convinced that, to send their child to kindergartens or nursery schools will have an unfavorable influence on the growth of children.

父母们坚定地相信把孩子送到幼儿园对他们的成长不利。

82. However, this idea is now being questioned by more and more experts, who point out that it is unhealthy for children who always stay with their parents at home.

然而，这一想法正遭受越来越多的专家的质疑，他们指出，孩子总是呆在家里，和父母在一起，是不健康的。

83. Although parent would be able to devote much more time and energy to their children, it must be admitted that, parent has less experience and knowledge about how to educate and supervise children, when compared with professional teachers working in kindergartens or nursery schools.

尽管父母能在他们孩子身上投入更多时间和精力，但是必须承认，与工作在幼儿园的专职教师相比，他们在如何管理教育孩子方面缺乏知识和经验。

84. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that, although the parents desire to look after children by themselves is understandable, its disadvantages far outweigh the advantages.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出如下结论：尽管家长想亲自照看孩子的愿望是可以理解的，但是这样做的缺点远大于优点。

85. Parents should be encouraged to send their children to nursery schools, which will bring about profound impacts on children and families, and even the society as a whole.

应该鼓励父母将他们的孩子送到幼儿园，这将对孩子，家庭，甚至整个社会产生深远的影响。

86. Many leaders of government always go into raptures at the mere mention of artistic and cultural projects. They are forever talking about the nice parks, the smart sculptures in central city and the art galleries with various valuable rarities. Nothing, they maintain, is more essential than such projects in the economic growth.

只要一提起艺术和文化项目，一些政府领导就会兴奋不已，他们滔滔不绝地说着美丽的公园，城市中心漂亮的雕塑，还有满是稀世珍宝的艺术展览馆。他们认为在经济发展中，没有什么比这些艺术项目更重要了。

87. But is it really the case? The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that artistic and cultural projects may be less useful than many governments think. In fact, basic infrastructure projects are playing extremely important role and should be given priority.

这是真的吗?这些年我收集的信息让我相信这些文化、艺术项目并没有许多政府想象的那么重要。事实上，基础设施建设非常重要，应该放在首位。

88. Those who are in favor of artistic and cultural projects advocate that cultural environment will attract more tourists, which will bring huge profits to local residents. Some people even equate the build of such projects with the improving of economic construction.

那些赞成建设文化艺术项目的人认为文化环境会吸引更多的游客，这将给当地居民带来巨大的利益。一些人甚至把建设文化艺术项目与发展经济建设等同起来。

89. Unfortunately, there is very few evidence that big companies are willing to invest a huge sums of money in a place without sufficient basic projects, such as supplies of electricity and water.

然而，很少有证据表明大公司愿意把巨额的资金投到一个连水电这些基础设施都不完善的地方去。

90. From what has been discussed above, it would be reasonable to believe that basic projects play far more important role than artistic and cultural projects in peoples life and economic growth.

通过以上讨论，我们有理由相信在人们的生活和经济发展方面，基础建设比艺术文化项目发挥更大的作用。

91. Those urban planners who are blind to this point will pay a heavy price, which they cannot afford it.

那些城市的规划者们如果忽视这一点，将会付出他们无法承受的代价。

92. There is a growing tendency these days for many people who live in rural areas to come into and work in city. This problem has caused wide public concern in most cities all over the world.

农民进城打工正成为增长的趋势，这一问题在世界上大部分城市已引起普遍关注。

93. An investigation shows that many emigrants think that working at city provide them with not only a higher salary but also the opportunity of learning new skills.

一项调查显示许多民工认为在城市打工不仅有较高的收入，而且能学到一些新技术。

94. It must be noted that improvement in agriculture seems to not be able to catch up with the increase in population of rural areas and there are millions of peasants who still live a miserable life and have to face the dangers of exposure and starvation.

必须指出，农业的发展似乎赶不上农村人口的增加，并且仍有成千上万的农民过着缺衣挨饿的贫寒生活。

95. Although rural emigrants contribute greatly to the economic growth of the cities, they may inevitably bring about many negative impacts.

尽管民工对城市的经济发展做出了巨大贡献，然而他们也不可避免的带来了一些负面影响。

96. Many sociologists point out that rural emigrants are putting pressure on population control and social order; that they are threatening to take already scarce city jobs; and that they have worsened traffic and public health problems.

许多社会学家指出民工正给人口控制和社会治安带来压力。他们正在威胁着本已萧条的工作市场，他们恶化了交通和公共卫生状况。

97. It is suggested that governments ought to make efforts to reduce the increasing gap between cities and countryside. They ought to set aside an appropriate fund for improvement of the standard of peasants lives. They ought to invite some experts in agriculture to share their experiences, information and knowledge with peasants, which will contribute directly to the economic growth of rural areas.

建议政府应该努力减少正在拉大的城乡差距。应该划拨适当的资金提高农民的生活水平;应该邀请农业专家向农民介绍他们的经验，知识和信息，这些将有助于发展农村经济。

98. In conclusion, we must take into account this problem rationally and place more emphases on peasants lives. Any government that is blind to this point will pay a heavy price.

总之，我们应理智考虑这一问题，重视农民的生活。任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。

99. Although many experts from universities and institutes consistently maintain that it is an inevitable part of an independent life, parents in growing numbers are starting to realize that people, including teachers and experts in education, should pay considerable attention to this problem.

尽管来自高校和研究院的许多专家坚持认为这是独立生活不可避免的一部分，然而越来越多的家长开始意识到包括教师和教育专家在内的人们应该认真对待这一问题。

100. As for me, it is essential to know, at first, what kind of problems young students possible would encounter on campus.

我认为，首先应看看学生们在校园可能遇到哪些问题。

从多角度立意是使作文的立意达到较高要求的途径之一。刚才同学们围绕“风”这个话题，根据题目的提示，分别从自然界和人类社会这两个方面切入，有的从有形的角度出发，抒发自己的情怀，有的从无形的角度立意，或歌颂新时代新风尚，或揭露抨击坏风气，追求深刻、新颖。多角度立意需要进行发散思维，既可以从家庭、学校、社会的角度想开去，寻找新的视角，更可以凭借自己的阅读积累展开广泛的联想，使自己的立意高人一筹、别开生面。

在写以环境或自然为话题的作文，一定要从“自然界——有形”写到“人类社会——无形”。在写作时，可根据作文所给的材料，来确定无形(文章的主旨);如材料主旨不明显，或较笼统，可进行多角度地进行联想，主旨越细小越好，达到以小见大的效果。

2.精心选择材料。以环境或自然为话题，必不可少对环境和自然描写的内容。描写不能面面俱到，所描写的内容必须与文章的主旨有联系，能从多方面多角度地展示主旨。第二类的材料是揭示主旨的语句。语句既能紧扣环境景物的特征，又能精炼地表达出作者的写作意图。第三类材料是过渡的材料，要选择那些具有触发点的材料，由写景物既自然又贴切转到写人写情写理方面。

3.写好景和物。

首先要抓往主体，要根据主旨明确所写主体景物和环境是什么，其特征是什么;其次迅速辐射联系，写出与主体景物有关的与主旨有关的周围的联系物;必要时可展开联想，可顺时间进行联想，也可顺空间进行联想。

要写出景物的时令性，地域性，典型性，让人感到真实可见;要有层次地写出同一景物的不同方面，不同景物的共同特征;能从视觉、听觉、味觉、嗅觉、融觉、感觉等多方面进行描写;能动静结合，运用对比衬托，运用多种修辞手法生动形象地进行描写;能融情于景，情景交融。

4.抒出真情实感。以环境或自然为话题的作文，其真情实感来自于环境或自然中的景物情景，找到景物蕴含的精神，也就找到了要抒发的情感。又因景物的本身没有感情色彩，可以根据表达主旨的需要，赋予景物以某种特别的感情色彩。有时不知要抒发什么情感，只要联系现实生活进行是非的评价，进行美丑的褒贬，再加入爱憎的情感，就有了真情实感了，但必须要与描写的环境自然做到形神一致。

亚里斯多德说过：“没有想象，心灵就不会思想”。想象是一种创造性的思维方式，独特性是它的特点。对于小学生来说，其思维方式以形象思维为特点，他们有着敏锐的感知能力和丰富的想象能力。让他们写想象作文，能使他们自由的天性得到最大的发挥，因此学生写作的积极性很高，毕竟想象作文与平时他们写惯、写烦的写实作文不同。想象作文显得新颖有趣，学生写起来不受拘束，能够畅所欲言。

在实际教学过程中，教师应如何指导学生写出好的想象作文呢?可以从以下几方面着手：

1、学会观察，加强积累，打好想象之基。

学生的作文，无论是见闻、感受或想象，都必须有丰富的生活，都来自于生活体验，小学生的观察能力较差，一般只属于表面上的感知，他们对身边的事物往往熟视无睹，更不用说自己的生活经验去丰富补充和想象。结果，碰到写任何作文，总愁眉苦脸，叫苦连天。教师应当引导学生学会观察生活，到现实生活中去体验，培养他们的观察力、想象力。

如果没有丰富的语言积累，读和写将成为“无源之水，无本之木”。新课标把“丰富语言的积累”列入“教学目的”之中，要求“尝试在习作中运用自己平时积累的语言材料，特别是有新鲜感的词语”。“积累写作素材”，让学生去积极搜集素材，这样才能发现生活的真谛。但是仅仅拓展素材积累的事实空间远远不够，还要根据小学生的年龄特点和心理特征，为学生创设形象逼真、色彩鲜艳、动静结合的幻想空间。既要让学生多阅读充满创造想象的神话、童话、科幻故事，又要鼓励学生展开想象，特别是异想天开的创造想象，形成良好的写作基础，写作文时才能运用自如，充分表达自己内心情感，让学生在作文蓝天自由翱翔，产生更多的“浪漫注意作品”。

2、贴近生活，注重求真，激活想象之源。

每个人体验到的生活是千差万别的，在事实基础上进行大胆的想象和夸张，所表达出来的内容更是千差万别的。儿童习作是从形象入手，触发情感，在情感的陶冶中展开想象，启动思维，促进联想。例如学了《一个中国孩子的呼声》后，播放美英联军攻打伊拉克的录象，让学生了解世界的不和平所带来的严重后果，使他们产生了不要战争，呼吁和平的情感，然后以《假如我是联合国秘书长》、《和平卫士》等为题，引导学生展开想象，就能自然地让学生写出生动新颖，并富有独创性的想象作文了。

鼓励大胆的想象，无拘无束地写作，尝试想象的愉悦，保证每个学生能主动参与，还要注意想象要合乎情理，防止胡思乱想，也就是“求真”。学生的想象应以真实为基础，善于想象、善于幻想。作文课上，我布置过一篇续写童话式想象作文《蜘蛛吊床》，学生完成情况不理想，作文内容几乎千篇一律，由于学生对蜘蛛不甚了解，没有真实的想象之源，因此他们只能胡想瞎想，乱编一气。后来，我让学生去观察蜘蛛，并阅读有关蜘蛛的书籍。再写时，学生作文中的想象丰富了，内容也各不相同了。教学时，教师应设计一些如贴近生活，适合想象的作文题，结合阅读开展扩写、改写、读写、学写童话故事，科幻故事，让学生看图片写，听音乐编、添图画后写……为学生创造性的发挥提供紧贴生活的时空余地。就能使许多同学大胆想象，在畅想中求新，写下一篇篇富有童趣的文章。生活能使他们浮想联翩，想象之源长流不竭。

3、立足课堂，师生互动，畅游想象之境。

课堂是写作训练的基地，教师应该探索一条有利于促进学生想象思维能力，提高学生写作能力的最佳途径。指导想象作文可运用以下几种训练方法：

(1)听音想象作文

在众多学科中，学生普遍喜欢上音乐课，音乐课堂氛围轻松活跃，学生能尽情欢唱、舞蹈。以音乐创造氛围，让学生在音乐声中有一个自由驰骋的空间，然后通过想象构思作文。教师应抓住时机，融入到学生当中，和同学们一道说，一道唱，一起畅游，激发起学生的习作兴趣，让学生想象的双翼得以充分舒展，表达起来无拘无束。

(2)看图想象作文

不同的图画蕴涵着不同质和量的想象时空，一般来说，供低年级学生说话写话的图，画面要简单些，意思要浅显些，供高年级学生作文的图要复杂些，意思可深邃些。学生通过看图，可借助想象演绎画面情节，变平面为主体，静态为动态，无声为有声。

(3)看图形想象作文

图形是由线条组合成的，呈现的是物体的外表形状，和图画相比，图形显得单调、抽象，因而想象的空间更加宽广，想象的内容更加丰富多彩。如给出一组图形，让学生想象出它们之间的联系，构建作文。

(4)添词想象作文

在作文课上，我有意识地出示一些词语，如“钥匙、星空、台灯、书本、闹钟”，让学生通过想象，编故事。这时学生的思维较活跃，想象力得到有效训练。

(5)续写想象作文

教材中有的课文言虽尽却意未止，结尾留有想象的余地，让人回味无穷。这时可引导学生按照文章的思路进行合理想象，续写出符合事情发展的故事，如续写《龟兔赛跑》等。

除此之外，还有许许多多行之有效的想象作文训练方法将让学生在作文课堂上如鱼得水、尽情畅游。

4、精批细评，尊重个性，放飞想象之心。

曾有人用“o”是什么?这个问题对高中生、初中生、小学生分别进行测试。高中生说是圆，是扩大或缩小的句号。初中生说是圆或球，而小学生说是月饼、太阳、锅盖……鲁迅先生早就指出：“孩子是可以敬服的，他常常想到星月以上的境界，想到地面下的情形，想到花卉的用处，想到昆虫的语言，他想飞上天空，他想潜入蚁穴……”现代社会呼唤具有创新意识的人才，作文教学具有有利的条件，要充分发挥优势，保护、启发引导儿童的想象力，让天真、幼稚、奇妙的心灵世界敞开，在想象的天地里驰骋。新课标指出：“应重视对写作的过程方法，情感与态度的评价，对有创意的表达应予鼓励”。“开发学生的潜能，发展个性。”因此，对于学生的想象作文，应充分肯定其积极的一面，即便是那些想象偏颇的作文，教师也不能一概否定，要认真加以引导，让学生放开胆子，激发他们展开想象，世界在他们眼中将会变得斑斓多彩。同时，也可以使他们不受任何限制，无拘无束地表达自己的思想。学生创造力得到培养，作文路子也必将越走越宽阔。

总之，时代呼唤创造性的人才，未来社会需要善于思考，勇于探索的创造型人才。康德说：“想象力是一种创造性的认识功能。”没有想象，就没有创造。事实也告诉我们，人人都能发明创造，人人都有创造力。陶行知说：“人人是创造之人，处处是创造之地，时时是创造之时。”通过想象作文的训练，创造性思维可在学生眼前展现出一片新视野，使学生想象出从前不曾发现的新天地，甚至出现思维上的领悟，闪现出灵感的火花。

日记是心灵的记录，是真情实感的流露，是自我鞭策的警钟，是人生道路的轨迹。著名作家周国平先生说：“毫无疑问，最纯粹、在我看来也最重要的私人写作是日记。我甚至相信，一切真正的写作都是从写日记开始的。”确实，写日记是一个与自己的灵魂会晤的过程，对提高自己的写作水平大有裨益。

怎样记录成长历程中自己的故事，有效地进行日记的写作呢?听我讲吧!

一、 了解日记体例，规范化地写

写日记，要掌握日记的基本格式。日记要标明时间(年、月、日、星期几)和天气情况，便于以后回忆当时的情境，体会当时的感受，一般写在第一行的中间。日记的年份如果前面已记明，后面就可省略，但如果中间换了年份，就要标明。有的日记有标题。如果是一题多篇日记，总题目可写在日期上面;如果是一题一篇，题目则写在日期下面。接下来的正文格式同其他文章的要求一样。

二、 熟悉日记类型，选择性地写

日记内容丰富多彩，可以说是无所不包。形式上比较自由，有话则长，无话则短。常见的日记类型有以下几种：

1. 备忘式日记。这类日记往往以十分简略的文字，对日常事例作个记载、以备需要时查看。鲁迅先生的日记大都是这种备忘式的日记。

2. 感想式日记。这类日记多是记录自己的学习心得，或是对周围事物的认识、看法或评价。像《雷锋日记》就是感想式日记。

3. 专题式日记。这类日记专门记述某一个内容。如实验日记，逐日记录实验情况;旅游日记，记叙旅游的所见、所闻、所感;学习日记，只记与学习有关的内容;活动日记，记录参加各项活动的事情;观察日记，记录观察动物、植物的生长变化、特点、习性等。像在自然课后，老师布置同学们完成的观察黄豆发芽、生成的记录，就是观察日记,也属实验日记。

4. 自由式日记。这种类型的日记最多，即不固定哪一种方式，有事则简单记录作备忘，有感则直抒胸臆。我们平时的日记就是自由式日记。

平时日记写作中，我们可根据实际情况，选择适当的类型交替着写，以追求日记写作的丰富多样。

三、 巧向生活淘金，多元化地写

日记写作最大的“瓶颈”就是无“米”下锅。有些同学写日记热情很高，但是感到生活太单调、枯燥，写不了几天就成了“流水账”，跟昨天、前天比没什么两样，缺乏新鲜感，也就渐渐失去了写日记的冲动和欲望。其实，生活中不是缺少美，而是缺少一双发现美的眼睛、善于思考问题的头脑。对日记而言，既可写轰轰烈烈、波澜壮阔的国内外大事，也可写关于衣食住行、言谈举止的小事;可赞扬真善美，歌颂美好事物，也可针砭假恶丑，鞭挞不良风气;可描写高山大海的雄奇壮观，也可描写微雕作品的小巧玲珑;可发安邦治国之宏论，亦可发修身养性之微言。所见、所闻、所感无所不可记。

因此，要想写好日记，必须解决好日记的素材问题，即如何拓宽、加深对生活的认识。我们不妨从下述途径入手，去点击生活，淘取生活的“真金”，多元化地进行日记的写作：

家庭芳草地

家庭是社会的细胞，是我们的温馨港湾。说起家庭生活，很容易让人与“平凡”“琐碎”这些字眼联系起来。其实，平凡的事物常常就是最宝贵的东西。写家庭生活有很多便利之处，一是取材方便，它不断地在我们身边发生，也可以随时随地观察;二是容易思考，它不像有些大事牵涉方方面面，内涵复杂，而“我”就生活在家庭中，对家中的人和事了如指掌，容易理出个头绪来。请看下面的日记——

2015年×月×日 星期× 晴

爷爷

吃完午饭，休息一会儿，爷爷便又背上笨重的农用机，走向稻田。看着他那矮小的身影，我不禁感慨万千。

小时候，爸爸妈妈因为要赚钱养家，所以没空管我。爷爷也就成了我唯一的“监护人”。我走不动了，便嚷着要他抱，爷爷拗不过我，勉为其难地把我抱起来。他显得很吃力，脚步也杂乱无章，我看得“咯咯”直笑。看见别的孩子吃零食，我也馋了，就让爷爷买，爷爷说那东西不好吃，我哪里肯依，大哭大闹，直到爷爷答应为止。有些是真的不好吃，我便一口吐了，当然，后果是被爷爷厉声斥责一顿。

有一天放学路上，爷爷很高兴，对我说：“你猜我今天买了什么?”我摇摇头，让他说。他却很“小气”，不肯给我说。等到了派出所(爷爷在派出所看门)，我才知道，原来爷爷怕我上学走路累，就用自己的积蓄买了一辆三轮车。高兴时，我就坐在三轮车里东看看西瞧瞧，累了就躺在里面睡一会儿。我真觉得三轮车就是我的第二个家了。

如今这辆三轮车早已锈迹斑斑了，爷爷依然骑着它踩着朝阳走，踏着夕阳归，依然用它承载着他对我的爱。可我多想对他说一声：“爷爷，停下你如车轮般滚动的脚步吧!过一过属于你自己的生活吧!”

作为“监护人”，爷爷是“我”最亲的人，该日记撷取与爷爷相处过程中的琐事，活画出一位勤劳、疼爱孙子的爷爷形象。细读后，文字间流淌着的浓浓亲情扑面而来。

以下是由语文迷网精心为大家整理提供的关于教育的英语名言，欢迎大家参考选择。

Education has for its object the formation of character.

教育的目的在于品德的培育。——斯宾塞

He can ill be master that never was scholar.

没当过学生的人成不了一个好先生。

Teaching others teaches youself.

教学相长。

Better untaught than ill taught.

宁可不受教育也强于受坏的教育。

Instruction knows no cladistinction.

有教无类——《论语》

The best bred have the best portion.

最好的教养是最好的嫁妆。

A teacher affects eternity; he can never tell where his influence stops. (H.B.Adams, American historian)

教师的影响是永恒的;无法估计他的影响会有多深远。(美国历史学家 亚当斯 H B)

Better be unboun than untaught, for ignorance is the root of misfortune. (Plato, Ancient Greek phiosopher)

与其不受教育，不知不生，因为无知是不幸的根源。(古希腊哲学家 柏拉图)

Dancing in all its forms cannot be excluded from the curriculum of all noble education: dancing with the feet, with ideas, with works, and ,need I add that one must also be able to dance with the pen? (Friedrich W.Nietzsche, German philosopher)

所有高尚教育的课程表里都不能没有各种形式的跳舞：用脚跳舞，用思想跳舞，用言语跳舞，不用说，还需用笔跳舞。(德国哲学家 尼采 F W)

Education commences at the mother’s knee, and every word spoken within the hearsay of children tends towards the formation of character. (Hosea Ballou British cducator)

教育始于母亲膝下，孩童耳听一言一语，均影响其性格的形成。(英国教育家 巴卢 H)

Education is a progressive discovery of our ignorance. (Durant, American historian)

教育是一个逐步发现自己无知的过程。(美国历史学家 杜兰特)

Educaton does not mean teaching people to kow what they do not know ; it means teachng them to behave as they do not behave. (John Ruskin, British art critic)

教育不在于使人知其所未知，而在于按其所未行而行。(英国艺术评论家 园斯金 J)

Education is a admirable thing, but it is well to remember from time to time that nothing worth knowing can be taught. (Oscar Wilde, British dramatist)

教育是令人羡慕的东西，但是要不时地记住：凡是值得知道的，没有一个是能够教会的。(英国剧作家 王尔得 O)

Example is always more efficacious than precept. (Samuel Johnson, British writer and critic)

身教胜于言教。(英国作家、批评家 约翰逊 S)

Histories make men wise ; poems witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep ; moral grave ; logic and rhetoric able to contend.(Francis Bacon , British philosopher )

历史使人明智;诗词使人灵秀;数学使人周密;自然哲学使人深刻;伦理使人庄重;逻辑修辞学使人善辨。( 英国哲学家 培根. F.)

If you dont learn to think when you are young , you may never learn .(Thomas Edison , American inventor )

如果你年轻时就没有学会思考，那么就永远学不会思考。(美国发明家 爱迪生 . T.)

Natural abilities are like natural plants that need pruning by study.

(Francis Bacon , British philosopher )

天生的才干如同天生的植物一样，需要靠学习来修剪。(英国哲学家 培根 . F.)

A teacher affects eternity; he can never tell where his influence stops. (H.B.Adams, American historian)

教师的影响是永恒的;无法估计他的影响会有多深远。(美国历史学家 亚当斯 H B)

And gladly would learn, and gladly teach. (Chaucer, British poet)

勤于学习的人才能乐意施教。(英国诗人 乔叟)

Better be unboun than untaught, for ignorance is the root of misfortune. (Plato, Ancient Greek phiosopher)

与其不受教育，不知不生，因为无知是不幸的根源。(古希腊哲学家 柏拉图)

Education commences at the mothers knee, and every word spoken within the hearsay of children tends towards the formation of character. (Hosea Ballou British cducator)

教育始于母亲膝下，孩童耳听一言一语，均影响其性格的形成。(英国教育家 巴卢 H)

Educaton does not mean teaching people to kow what they do not know ; it means teachng them to behave as they do not behave. (John Ruskin, British art critic)

教育不在于使人知其所未知，而在于按其所未行而行。(英国艺术评论家 园斯金 J)

Education is a progressive discovery of our ignorance. (Durant, American historian)

教育是一个逐步发现自己无知的过程。(美国历史学家 杜兰特)

For a cultivated man to be ignorant of foreign languages is a great inconveniece. (Anton P.Chekhrv, Russian dramatist)

一个受过教育的人，不懂外语是极不方便的。(俄国剧作家 契克夫 A P)

I dream a lot, teacher, a flight attendant, a doctor, astronaut... Dream too much but I was very contradictory, I didnt change.

Stewardess polite, elegant gesture, beautiful smile makes me very yearning, if one day I can when on a flight attendant I also like their gentleness. There is a flight attendant can travel around the world, enjoy the beautiful scenery in all over the world, eye-opening, long knowledge, good job!

Make a respected teacher, filled with the whole country is my dream. The teacher with hard sweat in the us, let us grow, and he is slowly getting old. But I think when the teacher can make me proud, because the teacher life is composed of a beautiful piece of music with life.

Saving lives, to heal the wounded and rescue the dying is the first duty of a doctor, the doctor is a noble profession. I dream of becoming white angels, save lives. Chinese medicine has a long history, special and profound culture of traditional Chinese medicine, I will study hard, carry forward the fine traditions of the motherland, in the future to study TCM took Chinese medicine to the world, using Chinese medicine to help more people in need of help.

Recently learned some knowledge about the universe, I have a great interest in the distant universe. If I could be an astronaut, taking Chinas shenzhou spacecraft, arrived in Chinas own space station. Can freely like a bus arrived at Mars, the moon. That is what a fascinating thing ah! It is best to live on the moon in a few years, experience life in the sky, and can bring to us from heaven to earth is useful.

Dream a lot, it is difficult to achieve. It needs hard efforts and clever mind!

我的梦想很多，老师，空姐，医生，宇航员……. 梦想太多却让我很矛盾，我又没有变身术。

空姐的彬彬有礼，优雅的姿态，美丽的笑容让我很是向往，如果有一天我能当上空姐我也一定像她们一样温文尔雅。还有空姐可以周游世界，欣赏世界各地美丽的风景，开眼界，长见识，多么美好的职业呀!

做一位令人尊敬的老师，桃李满天下是我的梦想。老师用辛勤的汗水浇灌着我们，让我们茁壮成长，而他自己却慢慢变老。但我觉得当老师却能令我自豪，因老师一生是用生命谱写的一曲优美的乐章。

治病救人，救死扶伤是医生的天职，医生是高尚的职业。我梦想成为白衣天使，拯救生命。中华医学历史悠久，特别中医文化博大精深，我要认真学习，将来学习中医弘扬祖国优良传统，把中医带向全世界，用中医学帮助更多需要帮助的人。

最近学了一些关于浩瀚宇宙的知识，令我对遥远的宇宙有了极大的兴趣。如果我能成为一名宇航员，搭乘中国的神舟飞船，到达中国自己的空间站。可以像坐公交一样自如地到达火星，月球。那是一件多么令人神往的事呀!最好能在月球住上几年，体验一下天上的生活，并且能从天上带点对咱们地球有用的东西下来。

梦想很多，实现很难。那需要辛勤的努力加上聪明的头脑!

日记内容可以由学生来确定，也可以由教师有意识地开展一些活动来作为日记内容。无论哪种方式都是为了引导学生留心身边的人和事，养成随时记录的好习惯。当然这种记录是让学生用较为简短精炼的语言去记录主要内容，觉得该记、想记，就写在专门的本子上--美其名曰"想写就写"。如在一节中队活动课时，我组织学生们进行了扳手腕的游戏，他们的积极性很高。我有意选了三组进行比赛：男女生对抗赛(男生个子矮小，女生高大);实力相当的男生(或女生)较量;个子高大和矮小的男生(或女生)对抗赛。这样一来，教室里的热烈气氛可想而知。学生们有看热闹的，有提前猜输赢的，更有呐喊助威的。比赛一结束，我马上让学生们把情景记下来，作为写作素材。结果是学生人人都想写，人人都有可以写的东西。这也为他们以后的写作开了一个好头。

一、写作形式多样

日记的形式很方便，最容易将口头语言变为书面语言，也能进行各种文体训练。但是如果天天写，学生就会厌烦。因此，可以把写作形式改一改：

随文练笔--每学完一篇课文后，让学生动笔写写学后的感受与心得，心里想什么就写什么。当然不能要求太高，几十字、一两百字都可以，只要是自己的真实感受即可。写完之后再同桌交流，然后全班交流，让学生互相学习。

只有让学生敢于表达，善于表达，有话则长，无话则短，这样的练笔才是活生生的，有血有肉的，有价值的。因此，每学完一篇课文，我都要求学生写写，把这看作是一次倾诉的机会。

轮流日记--将班上学生分组，每组四人，其中写作能力强一些的担任组长。组员轮流写日记，每天一人写，写完后由组长组织进行组内交流、评价、再修改、写建议，星期五交到教师处进行审核。每周写作内容由组员共同研究，自己去拟定题目写作。这个日记本就是全组的"共有财产"，小组成员都很珍惜，写作时都很用心。特别是写作差一点的组员写好之后，经过大家评议要是觉得不好，往往还会自觉地重新写，这样就大大地提高了写作兴趣。

小组合作写日记，既能取长补短，又能培养团队精神，大家互相学习，共同提高。这一活动还可以家校互动，请家长参与其中，对孩子既是鼓舞，又是激励。

此外，新的《小学语文教学大纲》对扩大课外阅读量也做了具体规定。在科技迅猛发展的今天，学生可通过报纸、书刊、广播、网络等多种媒体学到许多课本所未有的知识，而这些知识恰好满足了学生好奇、求知的需求。因此，结合这类阅读，可鼓励学生续写、写小评论、编写科幻故事等。作为一名语文教师，首先应该充分利用好语文教材中一些童话、科幻作品及名篇中所蕴含的丰富情感力量，通过具体的课文内容来创设具体情景，从而唤起学生的生活经验和情感体验，激发学生的想象力。可以针对课文的空白处进行补写，如《小珊迪》一课，补写"小珊迪被马车撞了回到家的情景";也可以根据故事情节续写，如学完《坐井观天》后续写" 青蛙从井里跳了出来……";也可以根据古诗意境扩写，如学习《送孟浩然之广陵》时，可让学生扩写。

创造潜力，人人都有，关键看教师如何认识、发掘。要以积极的态度去了解学生的思维特点、认知现状、情感体验，积极创设环境，营造氛围，热情地鼓励学生的"表达"和"表现"。切忌把创新思维定位太高，对于小学生习作来说，能逐步把"再现型"水平提高到"表现型"水平，把他们自己的见闻、感受和想象写出来，内容具体，感情真实就可以了。所以，应根据不同的习作确立相关的创新思维训练目标，在习作教学中不断发现、鼓励学生的创新发现，将会极大地激发学生的"表现"热情，为习作创新奠定良好的基础。

二、多种形式的批改评价

评价是日记训练过程中的一个很重要的环节，它是激发和维持学生写日记积极性的一个主要因素。评价要注意做到以下两点：

一是评价要改变那种传统的"精批细改"、教师"一评定音"的方式。要采取多种形式的评价方式，悉心呵护学生的每一丝创新、发现。

二是习作批改评价应改变以往那种面面俱到的方法，针对习作训练的重点选一两个部分做重点评价或专题评价。如学了《人物描写》后练习习作，就可重点截取文中人物描写的句子做专题评价。

除教师积极参与评价外，还可激励学生结合习作要求进行自我评价和相互评价。要及时掌握学生写作情况，必要时给予个别指导。可把精彩的习作和普通的习作放在一起，让学生对比评价;也可交换日记，让学生间相互评价。此外，鼓励学生把习作带回去，让家长参与评价，掌握学生习作的情况。帮助学生扬长避短，更会促进学生写作的兴趣。

在这种多形式的评价中，都要力戒"评多导少""优少病多"的弊端，注重鼓励和引导，使学生在每一次评价中受益，提高表达、评价能力，从而使写作能力不断发展。

日记给学生带来巨大的好处，沟通了师生的心灵，让学生在其中快乐的成长，享受写作的乐趣。让我们用真情悉心浇灌创新的幼芽，用爱心和学生一起聆听"花开的声音"，期待那最美的时刻--让蛹破蝶飞。

三、小学生日记的形式，常用的有：

1、观察日记。把看到的人物、事物、景物记下来，每次观察最好截取一个侧面，写出特征，反映一个中心。

2、活动日记。记下参观访问活动、学校班级少先队组织的各项活动、家庭活动、同学之间组织的有意义的活动等等，参加一次写一次，一定要抓住要点写。

3、思考日记。(或叫心灵日记、自我教育日记、"道德感悟"日记)把自己对现实生活中的优缺点和心理活动或道德品质成长变化过程摘要记下来。

前两种形式多见于应试，后一种形式要求较高，宜在高年级中有针对性地指导试用。

4、剪贴日记，把自己喜爱的邮票、图画、照片贴在日记本上，并按意图写上来源、目的、意义或说明文字。

5、信息日记。把看到的、听到的、有价值的最新信息记下来。

6、气象日记。把当天的天气、温度、风力、风向和出现的特殊的自然天气现象记下来。

7、台历日记。把周围实实在在发生的重要事情如实简要地记在台历上，少则一句，多则一段话。

8、摘录日记。把看到或读名家语录、格言、座右铭或写人状物的优美诩句摘录下来。

9、学习日记。把课本上学到的、课外书阅读印象较深的心得体会、联想记下来。

10、实验日记。如养花、种向日葵或搞科技小制作，把过程、结果记下来。

学生写作时，如果仅局限在把内容交代清楚的水准上，只选用一些普通的、直截了当的词，或一律使用简单句平铺直叙，那么，这样写出来的文章就会像一碗白开水，呆板、单调，没有可读性。下面是小编整理的英语作文写作10大技巧，欢迎阅读。

1. 灵活改变句子开头

在通常情况下，英语句子的排列方式为“主语+谓语+宾语”，即主语位于句子开头。但若根据情况适当改变句子的开头方式，比如使用倒状语或以状语开头等，会使文章增强表现力。如：

(1) There stands an old temple at the top of the hill.

→ At the top of the hill there stands an old temple.

在小山顶上有一座古庙。

(2) You can do it well only in this way.

→ Only in this way can you do it well.

只有这样你才能把它做好。

(3) A young woman sat by the window.

→ By the window sat a young woman.

窗户边坐着一个年轻妇女。

2. 避免重复使用同一词语

为了使表达更生动，更富表现力，同学们在写作时应尽量避免重复使用同一词语来表示同一意思，尤其是一些老生常谈的词语。如有的同学一看到“喜欢”二字，就会立刻想起like，事实上，英语中表示类似意思的词和短语很多，如 love, enjoy, prefer, appreciate, be fond of, care for等。如：

I like reading while my brother likes watching television.

→ I like reading while my brother enjoys watching television.

我喜欢看书，而我的兄弟却喜欢看电视。

3. 合理使用省略句

合理恰当地使用省略句，不仅可以使文章精练、简洁，而且会使文章更具文采和可读性。如：

(1) He may be busy. If he’s busy, I’ll call later. If he is not busy, can I see him now?

→ He may be busy. If so, I’ll call later. If not, can I see him now?

他可能很忙，要是这样，我以后再来拜访。要是不忙，我现在可以见他吗?

(2) If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If it is not fine, we’ll not go.

→ If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If not, not.

如果天气好，我们就去;如果天气不好，我们就不去了。

(3) She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t do so.

→ She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t.

她本可申请这份工作的，但她没有。

4. 适当运用非谓语结构

非谓语结构通常被认为是一种高级结构，适当运用非谓语结构，会给人一种熟练驾驭语言的印象。如：

(1) When he heard the news, they all jumped for joy.

→ Hearing the news, they all jumped for joy.

听了这消息他们都高兴得跳了起来。

(2) As I didn’t know her address, I wasn’t able to get in touch with her.

→ Not knowing her address, I wasn’t able to get in touch with her.

由于不知道她的地址，我没法和她联系。

(3) As he was born into a peasant family, he had only two years of schooling.

→ Born into a peasant family, he had only two years of schooling.

他出生农民家庭，只上过两年学。

5. 结合使用长句与短句

在英语写作中，过多地使用长句或过多地使用短句都不好。正确的做法是，根据实际情况在文章中交替使用长句与短语，使文章显得错落有致，这样不仅使文章在形式上增加美感，而且使文章读起来铿锵有力。如：

At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. Then we had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and danced. Some told stories. Some played chess.

→ At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing, telling jokes and playing chess.

中午我们晒着太阳吃野餐。休息一会儿后，我们唱的唱歌，跳的跳舞，还有的讲笑话、下棋，大家玩得很开心。

6. 适当使用短语代替单词

(1) He has decided to be a teacher when he grows up.

→ He has made up his mind to be a teacher when he grows up.

他已决定长大了当老师。

(2) He doesnt like music.

→ He doesnt care much for music.

他不大喜欢音乐。

(3) He told me that the question was now under discussion.

→ He told me that the question was now being discussed.

他告诉我问题现正正在讨论中。

7. 恰当套用某些固定表达

(1) He was very tired. He couldn’t walk any farther.

→ He was too tired to walk any farther.

他太累了，不能再往前走了。

(2) The film was very interesting. Both the teachers and the students liked it.

→ The film was so interesting that both the teachers and the students liked it.

这电影很有趣，学生和老师都很喜欢。

(3) Your son is old. He can look after himself now.

→ Your son is old enough to look after himself now.

你的儿子已经长大，可以自己照顾自己了。

8. 尽量使句子带点“洋味”

(1) Dont worry. Be bold and try it, and youll learn it soon.

→Dont worry. Just go for it, and youll get it soon.

别担心，大胆试一试，你很快就会学会的。

(2) Thank you for playing with us.

→Thank you for sharing the time with us.

谢谢你陪我玩。

9. 综合使用各类所谓的“高级”结构

(1) Now everyone knows the news. I think Jim must have let it out.

→ Now everyone knows the news. I think it must have been Jim who has let it out.

现在人人都知道这消息了，我想一定是吉姆把它泄露出去的。

(2) We had to stand there to catch the offender.

→ What we had to do was (to) stand there, trying to catch the offender.

我们所能做的只是站在那儿，设法抓住违章者。

(3) If her pronunciation is not better than her teacher’s, it is at least as good as her teacher’s.

→ Her pronunciation is as good as, if not better than, her teacher’s.

如果她的语音不比她的老师好的话，至少也不会比她老师的差。

10. 适当使用名言警句点缀

在写作时根据实际情况恰当地用上一两句名言警句来点缀文章，不仅使文章显得有深度、有智慧，而且会让文章在评分中上一个“得分档次”。如：

(1) As the proverb says, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” Though you fail this time, you needn’t lose heart. As long as you work hard and stick to your dream, you will succeed one day.

(2) There is a proverb goes like this “Life isn’t a bed of roses.” It is ture that it is likely for everyone to meet problems and difficulties in life.

(3) In the modern world, more and more people live alone, which is not so good for our life. It is better for us to make more friends and enjoy friendship. Just as a proverb says, “A near friend is better than a far-dwelling kinsman.”

作文要想拿高分就要偶遇一定的技巧，小编收集了写作五条心得，欢迎阅读。

一、写外貌不用“有”。

作文如何写外貌?孩子的作文里总会看到类似这样的名子：“XX可漂亮了，她有一头卷卷的黄头发，有一双乌黑的葡萄般的大眼睛，有一个高高的鼻子，还有一张樱桃小嘴”。

如果你试着让他们去掉文中的“有”，把文字重新串联一遍，会发现作文顺了很多。写上段文字的同学经老师指导后修改如下：“XX可漂亮啦。一头卷卷的黄头发自然地披在肩上。她的眼睛太吸引人了，乌黑乌黑葡萄一般。高高的鼻子，和樱桃小嘴配合起来，有点混血的味道，同学们可喜欢她啦。”是不是读起来舒服多了?

二、写说不单写“说”。

让孩子比较以下三句话。

张三说：“……”;张三无可奈何地说：“……”;张三摊了摊手，一副无可奈何的样子：“……”。

显然，让人物说话有多种方式，写语言可以不用出现“说”而是在语言前面加上动作和神态，通过一定的训练掌握这样的技巧让孩子的写作水平切实得到提升，让他们学会细节描写，不会仅干巴巴的地写“某某说”。

三、写想不出现“想”。

遇到描写心理活动时，这样的句子已经被孩子们写滥：“我脑子里跳出两个小人，一个小人……另一个小人……”。不用这个句子又该怎么写?最常用的就是“我心想”。如某学生写：“数学老师出了一道难题要带回家写的。我心想：天哪!这该怎么办呢?”

按照“写想不用想”的技巧，去掉“我心想”三个字如何?“数学老师出了一道难题要带回家写的。天哪!这该怎么办呢?”是不是更简洁精练?别忘了提醒孩子要给心理描写加上适当感叹词。

四、不用成语，作文为什么写不长?

不是说多用成语才显得有文采吗?其实不然，在“就是不用成语”写作技巧中，当作文中只会按照套路使用成语时，文章细节就没了，还不如让孩子老老实实把自己看到的感受都写出来。什么天高云淡、风和日丽、桃红柳绿、炯炯有神、心旷神怡……这些被用滥的成语还是少出现为妙。

比如，写春天别用“风和日丽”，而是这样写：“风儿拂过林梢，原本平静的湖面漾起了圈圈涟漪，湖边的柳树轻摇着身姿，我也忍不住张开双臂，任风抚过我的每一寸肌肤，暖暖的，痒痒的。”想办法用具体的句子替换掉别人用滥的成语，解决孩子作文写不长、写不细的难题。

五、遇到“很”和“非常”想一想。

对于文章写不长的孩子，可以训练的另一个技巧是：遇到“很”和“非常”想一想。看过无数学生习作，发现出现频率最高的字眼包括“很、非常”，请家长提醒孩子，遇到要写这几个字时不要轻易下笔，停下来想一想，是不是非要出现这个字眼?

比如写热，别出现“很热”两个字，学会用其他的描写来体现热：骄阳似火，没有一丝风，树叶低垂毫无生气……文章自然就能写长。

在文章结尾时，也可以将前面正文所写的人物、事情、景象等内容，进行发展前途方面的设想，进行预测性展望，让读者产生遐想，增强信心，以达到延伸主题、扩展领域，牵引读者走向未来的目的。这种结尾，容易焕发小朋友们的阅读情趣和联想激情，很受人们的欢迎和喜爱。

这种结尾，可用的方法是多种多样的，常见的有如下三种：

一是通过梦境联想展望，开创另一片空间，把我们带入虚幻世界。例如《我爱“教师妈妈”》的结尾：“我渐渐地沉入了梦乡，我梦见好多好多的学生手里捧着鲜花，向妈妈拥过来。妈妈在花丛中笑得那么甜，那么美。”这就是梦境想象，是那么美好，那么引人入胜。

二是通过假设联想展望，设置崭新的领域，以补充现实内容的不足。例如《懊悔》这篇习作，结尾是这样写的：“假如我是一位科学家，我一定要研制出一种新药，名叫‘懊悔’药，吃了以后，我们就不懊悔了，而且要让所有懊悔的人都拥有它。”这种假设式结尾，就大大拓展了文章的内容，联想新颖，展望有趣，令人神往。

三是通过直接想象联想展望，要调动我们的思维，大胆想象。例如《我爱那颗星》这篇习作，结尾写道：“望着天上的星星，我心驰神往，飞向了远方……”这个结尾，就是小作者的直接想象，把我们也带入了“远方”的未来。

运用这种结尾方式要注意一点，就是联想展望的内容要是现实内容的自然发展，要是正文内容的合理延伸，与上文不脱节，没有裂痕，是文章内容不可缺少的有机组成部分。

理解了不同类型的想象作文的不同写法，才能有的放矢。针对小学生的年龄特征，可以从以下方面进行训练。想象作文是对想象的场景或事物的描述。下面是小编整理的想象作文的写作方法，希望对你有帮助！

1、创设情境法。

如：创设特定的情境：“星期天，我穿上一双崭新的足球鞋，急匆匆地下楼……”让学生想象下楼后会发生什么事，会出现怎样的情景。

2、情节改写法。

如：续写《狐假虎威》：当狐狸成功骗过老虎逃脱后，再次遇上老虎发生了什么事情。更有甚者，可以改变故事的内容。如：大家熟知的童话故事《小刺猬美容记》可用以小刺猬美容为主题编写一个新故事。有个孩子编的故事很有趣，他写世界各国的刺猬要参加选美大赛，各国刺猬按本国标准进行了美容，准备去参赛，例如阿拉伯刺猬头裹长巾，身披白袍;美国刺猬用油彩把刺涂成七色，像条彩虹……孩子想象多么新奇有趣。

3、编写故事。

以词句联缀法为例。给学生几个看似风马牛不相及的词句，让学生在一个特定的情节中，以这些词句为线索展开想象，编一个有情节有内容的故事，写一篇作文。如：特级教师贾志敏在《怎样写一件事》的电视作文教学中用，“闷热、冷饮、青蛙、一元钱”几个词语，让学生编一个故事情节完整的记叙文。结果学生思维活跃，编了一个个故事情节生动有趣的故事，想象力受到有效的训练。

4、畅想未来。

如理想型想象作文，通过对自身能力和未来的想象，表达自己的生活理想，如《假如我会飞》、《假如我是校长》。又如，幻想型想象作文，通过对未来和外层空间的想象，表达对人类未来的美好憧憬和向往，如《海底住宅》、《太空旅行记》。可以引导学生以科学的思维形式表达自己的幻想，在幻想天地间翱翔。

此外，作为老师和家长还要引导学生平时多读有益的课外书，多参加有益的社会活动，以此来充实自己，丰富自己。只有把两者结合起来，才能有效地提高学生的作文能力和创新能力。