关于植树的英语作文高中回信体裁(汇总20篇)

Many traditional arts are losing nowadays, because some of them have been

replaced by the new machines and the scientific products. I feel so sorry about

the losing arts, in my opinion, they are so classic and their charm will never

fade away. Take my grandma for example. She is good at paper-cut which was

inherited from her mother. But when comes to my mother’s generation, paper-cut

seems to be kicked out, there are less people need it, so my mother doesn’t

learn this skill. The paper-cut art is losing in my family. When I found my

grandma had this skill, I was so surprised and curious about it. I asked my

grandma to teach me this skill. During the process, I found this art was so

great, I was attracted by it. Some traditional arts like paper-cup should be

kept.

导语：《茶花女》故事讲述了一个青年人与巴黎上流社会一位交际花曲折凄婉的爱情故事。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

I read the Chinese version of “Camille” a few years ago. At that time I was deeply moved by the main character Marguerite Gautier. “Camille” or “The Lady of the Camellias” by Alexandre Dumas, fils, is the story of Marguerite Gautier, a young courtesan, or kept woman, in Paris in the mid 1800s, and how she falls in love with a young man, Armand Duval, and then tries to escape from her questionable past. Unfortunately, it comes back to haunt her and she ends up returning to that life and dies painfully and alone, but with the knowledge that she was a noble woman at heart. When I first began to read the book, I did not care for Marguerite or her attitude or lifestyle, but as I got further into the narrative, I realized that her saucy attitude was a front to cover the lonely woman that she really was. She felt used, abused and unloved, until the gentle Armand Duval came into her life and showed her that he loved her as a person and not for what she could do for him. It must have taken great courage for Marguerite to leave the life she had lived for so long, knowing all along that it was probably too good to be true and would not last indefinitely. And it also showed that Marguerite really loved Armand Duval for she could even change herself for him.

However, happiness didn’t last for long. When M. Duval, Armands father, came to her, pleading for her to leave Armand to save both Armands reputation and that of his younger innocent sister, Marguerite saw a way to become pure of heart, if not in body. She felt that it was her duty, because she loved Armand so much, to do this even though it meant giving up her own happiness and hurting Armand temporarily. She reluctantly returned to her former life, knowing that some day Armand would forgive her. Sadly, she died in debt and basically alone, except for her one female friend, Julie Duprat, who helped her during her illness. She had her journal sent to Armand after her death, explaining why she had made the choices she had. I think Dumass last few lines about Marguerite being the exception, not the rule were quite true, and I also agreed with his view that while her lifestyle could not be condoned, we as a society assume that all of these type of women are cold and heartless, while this may not always be the case. A person can make the wrong choices in life when they are young, and try to redeem themselves, but sometimes past situations prevent them from changing their lives, even though they desperately wish to do so. This applies to both men and women in many different types of circumstances: involvement in crime; drug or alcohol abuse; gambling; prostitution; financial problems; poor marriage choices; etc. And this is the fact, which exists in the whole society.

As far as the other characters in the book, I think Marguerite was right in saying that no one truly cared about her, but only wanted something from her, the only exceptions being Armand and Julie Duprat. Of course, the Comte de G. and Comte de N. wanted her body and appearance. The Duke needed to “wake up and smell the coffee” and realize that she could never replace his dead daughter. If he truly cared, he could have helped her leave her lifestyle without “keeping” her himself. And lastly, Prudence was a blood-sucking leech who used Marguerite almost worse than the men. I also think she was jealous of the fact that Marguerite had so much more courage than herself and someone truly loved her.

Last morning, when tiding my bookshelf, I took this book out of the shelf, and a dried flower flew away from the book. It was pale blue, very transparent, with thin fine veins. a dried flower flew away from the book. It was pale blue, very transparent, with thin fine veins. I held it against the morning light and blew on it. The soft breeze carried it away. Camille is just like the camellia, she could never escape from the destiny of withering. But it wasn’t her fault; it’s because of the evil of Capitalism and the hideousness of that society.

Suddenly, I remembered a saying: “Women are like the flowers”. Those pretty women are like those beautiful flowers; their delicate beauty makes people feel they are the miracle of life. However, even the God envies their beauty. It seems that beautiful women always have tragic endings. As we are normal persons, even we can see the hideousness of humanity that results in their fate of withering, we can at most ask quietly in our hearts: Where have those beautiful flowers gone? Where have they gone?

My Experience In Examination

In my opinion, examinations are one of the important activities in school life. I have gone through all sorts of examinations since my primary school. I have tasted the flavor of happiness and sadness.

Before examinations I always have a hard time and don＇t know what to do.During examinations I feel nervous and sometimes my mind becomes blank Only after examinations does the world seem to be bright again and am I brimming with vigor. We often complain that our teachers make trouble for us on purpose. But it is not true. The fact is that examinations are just a way to-help us do better in our study.

[高中英语的作文：我的考试经验

I was so busy in the previous winter holiday for I am going to take the

university entrance exam in July this year. Everyday, I buried myself in

studying. I had to review each required subject and do lots of exercises.

Besides, because I did bad in mathematics and physics, I had to do much more

exercises than other courses, which made me discouraged. I spent more than ten

hours a day in studying. When I was tired, I watched TV or listened to music for

a little while. But It was a big pity that I couldnt go to the see cinema. In

addition, I had to refuse all the invitations of friends and relatives. I only

called them or sent messages in the New Year’s Eve. I desperately hoped that

there is no exam but I know it’s impossible. The only thing I can do is to study

hard to get good scores and can be admitted to Tsinghua University.

It was Mother’s Day. Sun Zheng thought he should do something for his mother.

He decided to help his mother do some housework. After school he went to a shop

to buy some food on his way home.

When he got home, he did his best to cook some nice food,though he couldn’t

do the cooking well. Thenhe cleaned the room. He felt very tired, but he was

very happy.

When his father and his mother came back and saw the clean rooms and dishes

which weren’t so nice, they were very happy.They had their supper together. His

mother said, "Thank you,my child!"

summer can be very hot in southern tai wan where the temperature usually goes up to 32"c or more. because of the heat it is a trying experience to go to school or do anything else in a place that is not air-conditioned. also because of this i stay at home most of the time during the summer vacation and occasionally go to the beach to plunge myself into the cool water as a way to keep my body less sticky. actually i like swimming think nothing is more refreshing than a swim. in the summer vacation that has ended i went swimming many times with my classmates we all had a good time. this summer vacation, however, was not spent entirely in seeking fun. as a second-year senior student i had to prepare myself for the college entrance examinations that were a year away. in other words, i must find time to study, too. so i divided my time between work play during the summer vacation derived benefit from this arrangement.

i spent this summer vacation in quite a different way. i used to run about every day in previous summer vacations,this summer vacation i simply could not afford to do so. i would soon be in the last year of my high-school education would after graduation be up against the college entrance examinations. though those examinations were still a year away, i had to start early to make myself well prepared by reviewing all those things i had learned at school this summer vacation was the ideal time for me to do this. at first i was rather dismayed at the thought of this,later i thought it was better this way because by working hard this summer i could count on endless happy summers to come. with this in mind i then set to work like anything and occasionally went out for a change or did some physical. i was not at all bored by this kind of life, for i was sustained by a hope.

the summer vacation had come round again. i was happy that i could forget about school at least for a while. lest i fool around all through this summer vacation, i made a plan as to how to spend it. first, i thought i should go over all those things my teachers taught in the previous term so that i could have a better understanding of them. then i thought i should take up some forms of exercise, such as walking, running rowing, to keep me physically strong. it stood to reason that with such a good plan i should make the best of my vacation time. i did, because i lived up to what i had planned.

[暑假有意义的事高中英语作文200词

When asked about their opinion of career and family, people always respond differently. Some people deem it more important to pursue their career, while there are always other people who argue that family should be the number one in one’s life.

It goes without any question that career plays a key role in our life. In the very first place, career can give us an aim to live on. Without career, much of our living time will be certainly wasted. What’s more, career can provide us with a means to live on. Most of the people earn their income from a job. On the other hand, family is also an indispensable part of life, as many people will admit. Family is always regarded as a place where we can escape from troubles in life. In addition, we can obtain a sense of belonging to from family. Without it, anyone will feel lonely and desperate.

In my opinion, career and family are not in opposition to each other. Rather, they can enhance each other so that one’s life can become better and better. Therefore, it’s not a choice between right and wrong, but one between ideal and practical.

在谈到自己的事业和家庭的意见要求，人总是有不同的反应。有些人认为这更重要的是追求自己的事业，而总有那么谁认为家庭应该是一个人的生活的人数1人。

毫无疑问，任何事业在我们生活中起着关键作用。在第一个地方，可以给我们一个职业生涯的目标是生活。没有职业生涯中，大部分时间我们的生活一定会被浪费。更重要的是，职业生涯可以提供一种手段，对我们的生活。大多数人从工作中赚取的收入。另一方面，家庭也是生活中不可缺少的一部分，因为很多人会承认。家庭一直被认为是一个地方，我们可以摆脱生活中的麻烦。此外，我们可以得到一个属于家庭的感觉。没有它，人会感到孤独和绝望。

在我看来，职业和家庭是不反对对方。相反，它们可以加强彼此，使自己的生活能够越来越好。因此，它不是对与错之间的选择，但理想和现实之间的一个。

Which is better, shopping online or traditional shopping? Different people

have different attitudes towards it. Some people think that online shopping is

very convenient, for it can save them a lot of time and energy. It’s especially

helpful for those who are always busy with their work. Besides, through the

internet, they can get more information about the commodities they want to buy

and buy a lot of things that cannot be bought in local places.

Nevertheless, I’m not keen on online shopping at all, since most

commodities which are bought online are of poor quality. Once we are cheated, we

may find it difficult to make a complaint. Thus we should take more cautions

when shopping online.

In my eyes, I prefer traditional shopping, because I can choose what I

really need. Also, I can know the quality of every commodity more clearly. Even

if there’s something wrong with the commodities, I can still ask the sellers to

compensate for my loss.

书面表达历来是英语教学中一个难点，要想在限定的时间内写出一篇质量上乘的文章，非一日之功。纵观几年来的高考书面表达，我们可以看出，高考英语写作越来越重视情景的设置，要求考生总结自己的感受和见解，给出自己的观点。书面表达又是全面衡量学生英语综合水平的一种测试形式，因此，我们不得不重视。

第一步，写作的内容，要求做到两点— 内容完整、相关。这两点只要考生不粗心，基本都能做到。比如陕西考区的题目，要求写暑假的安排，是一篇正反观点类的议论文。必须注意题目的要求，第一要提出讨论话题，Recently there has been a heated discussion about what the students should do during the summer vacation.(这是一个经典的模版开篇句型)。第二要写出一方面的观点，然后是另一方面的观点，最后提出自己的看法，根据要求缺一不可，否则就会被扣掉相应的分数，这就是完整。再比如，2005年广东考区的成语寓言故事，不仅要描写整个守株待兔的过程，还应该根据要求点名寓意，否则也是不完整，这点只要在课堂上强调，学生是很容易做到的。所谓相关，也就是不要过多出现文中没有的信息，不能过分发挥，一般学生犯此类错误的较少。

第二步，写作中的语法。在阅卷中，一般三个小的语法错误会被扣掉一分，一个大的语法错误(关于谓语的错误)会被扣掉一分。所以，学生应该尽量避免犯语法错误。我在课堂中会强调，对于语法基础薄弱的同学，除了加强自己的语法功底外，就是去背诵我给出的50个最高频用到的句法结构。这些结构不仅正确，而且一定是高考中的有效得分点，即使语法偏弱，记住这些句子然后在考试中使用也能避免学生自己造句中的语法错误，一举两得。比如，倒装句在考试中就很少有同学主动启用，但是一旦正确启用就会收到意想不到的效果，所以我会给出四组倒装句，然后让学生加强运用和练习。这些句子包括：

1、Only when we realize the importance of environmental protection, can we solve the problem of pollution.

2、So precious is time that we can’t afford to waste it.

3、Diligent as he was, he failed in passing the exam.

4、By no means should teenagers get into the habit of smocking.

第三步，连接词的运用，使文章连贯、流畅。我把这些词分为8类，叫做“畅词”，往往学生由于中西方语言的差异，会忽视这一点，所以在授课中会通过大量的练习巩固和加强学生的印象。而且不仅要写，还写出高水平的畅词，因为高考是选拔性考试，要做到“人无我有,人有我优”。比如，“首先”这个表示次序的畅词，一般同学一定想到的是firstly 或者first of all。可是我建议学生启用to begin with, 或者initially (这个是建议水平较好的启用)。“然而”，绝大部分启用but, however，我建议学生采用on the contrary 或者oppositely。

第四步，也是整个课程的核心部分，要强化“复杂、高级”两个概念。为什么是核心呢?因为学生在这一部分没有正确的认识，在平时的学习中老师也没有有意识灌输和训练总结。大部分学生以为只要写出来、写正确就可以拿到高分，其实80-120个单词包括大概10个句子，如果全部是简单的词汇和句型没有办法达到最高档作文的要求。因此，我们强调高级的词汇和高级复杂的句型，不是说全部必须高级，而是必须出现一些才能符合高考作文大纲的要求。在这一步中，我总结的“高分词汇选择原则”、“简单句到复杂句的瞬间转换”、“高分句子写作策略”以及“钻石得分50句”，通过这些理论和实践结合的讲解，学生会感觉成绩的快速提升，效果明显。

小编整理了去北京的英语游记作文，快来看看吧。

英语范文一：

On summer holiday my parents took me to Beijing. We stayed at Huabei Hotel. On the first day, we went to the Great Wall. The Great Wall is very long and old. It has millions of bricks. Each brick is very big and heavy. Lots of people from different countries like climbing the Great Wall. We felt very tired when we climbed to the top of the Great Wall.

We also went to the Palace Museum. The Palace Museum has 9999 palaces. It has a very long history. I bought a lot of souvenirs of the Palace Museum. What nice palaces these are! I visited the Palace Museum and felt excited. If you want to know more about the Palace Museum, you can go to Beijing and have a look. The following days, we went to the Summer Palace, Tian Tan, North Lake and Xiang Hill. I now know more about the history of China. I also like modern Beijing. The 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing.

Later, I went back with my parents by train. I really enjoyed the trip to Beijing. I like this trip!

英语范文二：

From the great wall. Those made me feel that I was proud to be a Chinese. there were many antiques which we could espy the great culture ，.It was a wonderful trip，

We all had a great time，,it was a well-known wonder in the is made of big stones which was too heavy to bring even uesing it to buil a construction of ruggedization。!We went to see the Imperial Palace and the great wall 。.

The Imperial Palace noted the historyLast summer holiday I have been to Beijing with my friends for a travel。

Today, we live in the modern world, most things we do can use the machine. The technology brings so many convenience to us, it facilitates our life. As we are facing the new products all the time, the traditional things are fading away. Take the paper-cut for example. When I was very small, paper-cut was so popular in my grandma’s generation, most women could cut all kinds of interesting shapes.

While today when I went back to my hometown, I found that most of them had stopped cutting papers, because they could buy them at the very low price.

What’s more, the young people don’t learn such art, for the parents think it is not necessary for their children to learn the old-fashion thing. The tradition should not be abandoned, it is the reflection of our culture. Even facing the challenge, we need to inherit the tradition.

今天,我们生活在摩登时代,我们可以使用机器做大部分的事情。科技给我们带来了很多方便,它便利了我们的生活。我们每天都面对着新产品,传统的东西正在慢慢消失。以剪纸为例。在我很小的时候,在我祖母的那一代，剪纸很受欢迎,大多数女性可以剪出各种有趣的形状。现在当我回到家乡时,我发现他们中的大多数已经停止剪纸,因为他们可以以很低的价格购买。更重要的是,年轻人不了解这种艺术, 以为父母认为他们的孩子没有必要去学习这种不时髦的东西。传统不应该被放弃,这是我们文化的反映。甚至面临挑战,我们仍然需要继承传统。

[高中英语作文：传统文化的继承

一、根据衔接词本身在文章中起到的作用，主要分为以下四类，即“起”、“承”、“转”、“合”。

(一)表示“起”的词/词组：用于开篇引出扩展句。

at first 最初 for one thing?(for another)

at present 现在;当今 首先?(其次)?

currently 目前;最后 recently 最近

first(ly)第一 in general 一般说来

in the beginning 起初 one the one hand?(on the other hand)

to begin with 首先;第一 一方面?(另一方面)

first of all 首先;第一 generally speaking 一般地说

in the first place 首先;第一 on the whole 总起来说

lately 最近 to start with 首先;第一

presently 现在;此刻 now 现在

(二)有关“承”的常用词语：用来承接上文。

after/after that/afterwards此后 by this time 此时

after a few days 几天以后 certainly 无疑地;当然地

after a while过了一会儿 therefore 因此;结果

also/too 并且;又 for example 例如

at the same time 同时 for instance 例如

beside 此外 for this purpose 为了这个目的

Besides/what,s more 而且;此外 from now on 从此

in addition 此外 second 第二;第二点

in addition to? 除?之外 secondly 第二

in fact 事实上 similarly 同样地

in other words 换句话说 so 所以

in particular 特别(地) soon 不久

in the same way 同样地 still 仍然

by the way 顺便提一句 then 然后

indeed 的确 third 第三;第三点

meanwhile 与此同时 thirdly 第三

moreover 而且，此外 for another 其次

no doubt 无疑地 such as 正如

obviously 明显地 later 后来

of course当然 truly 事实上;真实地

particularly特别地 unlike ?不像??;和??不同

what is more 而且;此外

(三)有关“转”的常用词语：用来表示不同或相反的意见。

after all 毕竟 fortunately 幸运地

all the same 依然;照样 however 然而;无论如何

anyway 无论如何 in spite of 尽管??;虽然??

at the same time同时;然而 luckily 幸运地

but 但是 by this time 此时

though/although 尽管 no doubt 无疑地

in/by contrast 对比之下 on the contrary 相反地

even though即使 otherwise 否则

still 仍然 unfortunately 不幸地

in fact 事实上 unlike 不像??;和??不同

as a matter of fact 事实上 yet仍;然而;但是

especially 特别地

(四)有关“合”的常用词语：用于小结上文或结束本段落的内容。

above all 最重要的是 accordingly 于是

as a result结果 in sum 总之，简而言之

as has been noted 如前所述 in summary 简要地说

as I have said 如我所述 on the whole 总体来说;整个看来

at last 最后 therefore 因此

by and large 一般说来 thus 因此

briefly 简单扼要地 to speak frankly 坦白地说

by doing so 如此 to sum up 总而言之

eventually 最后 surely 无疑

finally 最后 to conclude 总而言之

in brief 简言之 no doubt 毫无疑问

in conclusion 总之，最后 undoubtedly 无疑

in short 简而言之 truly 的确

in a word 总之 so 所以

certainly 当然地;无疑地 obviously 显然

all in all 总之

二、根据衔接词本身的意思和文章连接所需要的逻辑意义，可分为以下14类。

(一)表示因果关系

as a result

He never studied hard, and as a result he failed in the last examination. as a result of

He is late for work as a result of traffic accident.

accordingly

He wanted to buy a radio for study English, and accordingly her mother bought it for him.

because(of)

We are delayed because of a traffic jam.

due to

His success is due to his excellent work.

owing to

Owing to his absence, our meeting is not held.

thanks to

Thanks to a good teacher, she passed the examination.

now that

Now that you have grown up, you must earn for yourself.

so long as

You could realize your dream so long as you try it again and again.

since

Since you are here now, you,d better give a hand.

in that

The policy is harmful in that it may encourage people to give up.

so that

The office speaks at the top of his voice so that every soldier could hear him. therefore

There is a calculating mistakes there, therefore, the answer is wrong.

(二)表示解释关系

as a matter of fact

I will go there this morning, as a matter of fact, I am only 10 minutes, drive from you.

as well

I will go there. My friend will go with me as well.

frankly speaking

Frankly speaking, I am not very satisfactory with your words.

in this case

In this case, I will go there as soon as possible.

(三)表示推理关系

or else

Hurry up, or else you,ll be late.

otherwise

You must carry this passport, otherwise you will be stopped by the guard. if so

If so, it will make a great difference.

一、散文

散文是泛指那些侧重于直接表达作者对生活的感受，注重于主观抒写的不讲究骈偶押韵的文体。按传统的说法，散文是与韵文、骈文相区别的散体文章，也可以这样说，除了诗、词、曲、赋以外，一切无韵无律的文章，诸如人物传记、回忆录、游记、寓言、神话及记事抒情一类文章，均可列入散文范畴。这是广义的散文。狭义的散文，专指用凝练、优美、生动的文学语言写成的叙事、记人、状物、写景的短小精悍的文章。

根据内容和表达方法的不同，散文可分为叙事、抒情、议论三类。叙事散文借叙述事件和描写人物来表达思想情感；抒情散文或托物言志，借景抒情，或直抒胸臆，慨叹山川人物，来激起读者的爱憎；议论散文以指点人、事的是非曲直来表明作者的观点、立场和态度。

古代，凡不押韵，不重排偶的散体文章，包括经传史书在内，概称散文。

1说:

古代议论说明一类文章的总称。它与"论"无多大异。所以后来统称说理辨析文为论说文。如《少年中国说》《马说》《黄生借书说》《师说》《捕蛇者说》。

2奏议:

古代臣属进呈帝王的奏章的统称。它包括奏、议、疏、表、对策等。疏，是分条陈述的意思。表，是陈述某种意见或事情。如诸葛亮的《出师表》。对策，古代的考试把问题写到策上，令参加考试的人回答叫策，考生回答的文章叫对策。如苏轼的《教战守策》。

3序跋:

序也作“叙”“引”，有如今天的“引言”“前言”。是说明书籍著述或出版意旨，编次体例和作者情况的文章。也可包括对作家作品的评论和对有关问题的研究阐发。“序”一般写在书籍或文章前面（也有写在后面的），写于书后的称为“跋”或“后记”。这类文章，按照不同的内容分别属于说明文或议论文，说明编写目的、简介编写体例和内容的，属于说明文，对作者作品进行评论或对问题进行阐发的属于议论文。如《〈呐喊〉自序》、《指南录后序》《伶官传序》。

4赠序：

文体名，古代送别各以诗文相赠。集而为之作序的，称为赠序。内容多推崇、赞许或勉励之辞。如《送东阳马生序》。

5铭：

古代刻在器物上用来警戒自己或称述功德的文字叫"铭"。刻在牌上，放在书案右边用以自警的铭文叫“座右铭”。如刘禹锡的《陋室铭》。刻在石碑上，叙述死者生平，加以颂扬追思的，叫“墓志铭”。如韩愈《柳子厚墓志铭》。

6祭文：

在告祭死者或天地山川等神时诵读的文章。体裁有韵文和散文两种。内容是追念死者生前的主要经历，颂扬他的品德和业绩，寄托哀思，激励生者。如韩愈的《祭十二郎文》。

7杂记：

包括：（1） 山川、景物、人事杂记。描写山川、景物和人事的，如《小石潭记》、《登泰山记》。（2）笔记文，以记事为主，它的特点是篇幅短小，长的千字左右；内容丰富，有历史掌故、遗文遗事、文艺随笔、人物短论、科学小说、文字考证、读书杂记等五花八门。《世说新语》、《梦溪笔谈》就是这类文体。（3）游记，游记是描写旅行见闻的一种散文形式。游记有带议论色彩的，如《岳阳楼记》、《游褒禅山记》；有带科学色彩的，如郦道元的《三峡》；有带抒情色彩的，如柳宗元的《小石潭记》。

8史传：

①本纪：传记的一种，专门记述帝王事迹。②世家：主要叙述诸侯和特殊人物的事迹。③列传：用于记述一般人臣和庶民的事迹，也有用来记载少数民族和其他国家历史的。

9报告文学：

散文中的一种新兴样式，是特写、文艺通讯等的总称。运用文学的表现手法，迅速及时的报道社会生活中人们关心的事物，具有新闻性、形象性和政论性的特点。被称为文艺战线上的“轻骑兵”。中国报告文学的三部里程碑作品《包身工》、《谁是最可爱的人》、《哥德巴赫猜想》。

二、小说

小说是以塑造人物形象为中心，通过完整的故事情节和具体的环境描写，展示人物的思想情感和性格特征，从而广泛而深刻地反映社会生活的一种文学体裁。

根据篇幅的长短，小说分为长篇、短篇、中篇和微型小说（或称“小小说”）；按照内容的不同，小说可分为言情小说、历史小说、科幻小说、武侠小说、谴责小说、心理小说等；按照体例格式，则可分为书信体小说、日记小说、章回体小说、系列小说等。情节、人物和环境是小说的三个要素。

中国小说渊源于古代神话传说，经历了六朝志怪、唐代传奇、宋元话本、明清章回小说和“五四”现代小说的发展过程。

1志怪志人小说：

指我国汉魏六朝的谈鬼神怪异的一种旧小说。起源于古代神话和传说。如《搜神记》、刘义庆的《世说新语》。

2传奇小说：

是一种情节多奇、神异的古典小说。一般指唐人创作的文言短篇小说。是元、明、清三代小说、戏剧作家汲取题材的宝库。其源出于六朝“志怪”。唐传奇的出现标志着我国古典小说的成熟。如李朝威的《柳毅传》。

3话本小说：

指宋元说话艺人所用的底本。后成为小说的一种样式，即话本小说。话本的出现是“小说史上一大变迁”，它对我国古代小说的发展产生了极为深远的影响。

4拟话本小说：

明代文人模仿话本体制、形式进行创作的小说，如《杜十娘怒沉百宝箱》。

5章回小说：

我国古代长篇小说的一种样式。是在讲史、话本的基础上发展起来的一种分章叙事的小说。特点是概括故事情节的发展和矛盾冲突的段落，划分为若干回，并多用对偶句式作回目，揭示本回内容。每回开头常有诗词。最先一段重提上回内容，以便衔接本回内容；每回结尾，多在情节高潮时戛然而止，留下悬念。

6谴责小说：

以揭露社会弊病，并对封建官场和社会的种种病态进行鞭笞与谴责的一类小说的总称。产生于辛亥革命前后。

7演义小说：

旧体长篇小说的一种，概括史书、传说，用近代口语铺叙成文。是由讲史话本发展而来的。

三、诗歌

我国最早出现的一种文学体裁，源于原始人的劳动呼声，是一种有声韵、有歌咏的文学。

古诗多四言，如《诗经》，东汉魏晋以后多五言、七言。唐代有古体和近体之分，“五四”有了新诗。

诗歌按时代分为古体诗、近体诗和新诗；按表达方式分为叙事诗和抒情诗；按内容分为田园诗、山水诗、科学诗和咏物诗四类；按形式分为格律诗、自由诗和散文诗；按来源分为民歌和文人作品。

1古体诗：

又称“古诗”“古风”，指唐以前（主要是汉魏）的诗歌和模仿唐以前的诗歌创作的作品。它由民歌发展而来，不求对仗、平仄，用韵自由。中唐的白居易、元稹用乐府的形式创新题，称新乐府，仍属古体诗的范围。

2近体诗：

与古体诗相对的一种诗歌样式，又称“今体诗”“格律诗”，句数、字数、平仄、用韵都有严格的规定。分律诗和绝句两类。

律诗：近体诗的一种体式，分五律和七律。它在音韵、平仄、句式、对仗上都有一定规格和要求。全诗八句，分为首联、颔联、颈联和尾联。

绝句：近体诗的一种体式，分五绝和七绝，四句一首，一般认为是“截律诗之半”而成。

3楚辞：

诗歌的一种体式，因产生于战国时期南方楚地而得名，以屈原《离骚》为代表，又称“骚体”，大量用“兮”字。主要代表是屈原和宋玉。

4新诗：

又称“现代诗”，指中国“五四”运动以来产生的新体诗歌。它在形式上打破了旧体诗歌格律的限制，采用了较为自由的形式和接近口语的白话，便于反映社会生活和表达思想感情。

5歌行体：

乐府民歌的一种体式。歌是总名，铺张本事而歌称行，与“吟”“曲”“引”“叹”“篇”“调”等均称“乐府歌行体”，其间无严格区别。以杂言为主，多口语化，通俗生动；音韵节奏上押韵比较自由，不讲平仄、对仗；表现手法除比兴外，多用排比铺陈，叙事曲折淋漓，长于对话和细节描写来刻画人物，塑造形象。如《茅屋为秋风所破歌》《箜篌引》。

6赋：

是我国古代的一种文体，它讲求文采，韵律，兼具诗歌和散文的性质。其特点是“铺采离文，体物写志”。侧重于写景，借景抒情。最早出现于诸子散文中，叫“短赋”；以屈原为代表的“骚体”是诗向赋的过渡，叫“骚赋”；汉代正式确立了赋的体例，成为“辞赋”；魏晋以后，日益向骈文方向发展，叫做“骈赋”；唐代又由骈体转入了律体叫“律赋”；宋代以散文形式写赋，成为“文赋”。但是，它有别于今天的散文标题的“赋”，已不是铺陈的字眼，而是“赞”“颂”意。

7骈文：

这种文体，起源于汉魏，形成于南北朝时期，盛行于隋唐。其以四字六句相间定句，世称“四六文”。骈文由于迁就于句式，堆砌辞藻，往往影响内容的表达，韩愈、柳宗元提倡古文运动之后，骈文就渐渐衰退。

8词：

又叫“曲子词”“长短句”“乐府”等。每首词都有一个表示音乐的调名，叫词牌，它规定了可供演唱的词的音乐，也规定了作为歌词的“词”的字数、句数、韵数、韵位等。大部分都分为片（段），“片”也叫“遍”或“阕”，是音乐唱完一遍的意思。词按乐调长短，分为小令、中调、长调（慢词）。词起于隋，晚唐定型，盛于宋朝。宋词词坛上有豪放和婉约两大派，其代表分别为苏轼、辛弃疾和李清照、姜夔。

四、戏剧

戏剧是一种综合性舞台艺术，是借助文学、音乐、舞蹈、美术、雕塑、建筑等艺术手段塑造舞台艺术形象，揭示社会矛盾，反映社会生活的。

在中国，戏剧是戏曲、话剧、歌剧的总称。也常专指话剧。在西方指话剧。

按结构及容量划分，有多幕剧、独幕剧、连续剧等； 按题材分，有现代剧、历史剧、神话剧等：按表演形式分，有戏曲、话剧、歌剧、舞剧、哑剧等； 按反映的冲突性质和感染作用分，有悲剧、喜剧、正剧等。

元曲包括散曲和杂剧：

1散曲

元代兴起的一种新形式的韵文，是在金“俗谣俚曲”的基础上发展成长起来的。分小令、套数二种。小令是一支单调的曲，简短精练，在格律上不像词那样严格，常用以写景抒情，如：元马致远［天净沙］《秋思》。套数是由两支以上的曲子按照一定的规则联缀起来的组曲，又叫“散套”“套曲”。全套必须属于同一宫调。套数可用于叙述较完整的情节、事迹或夹议论，如元睢景臣［般涉调·哨遍］《高祖还乡》。

2元杂剧：

是中国古典戏曲的一种形式，产生于金末元初，元代杂剧已形成了特定的体制，是我国戏曲史上完整而成熟的戏剧艺术。它的结构形式一般是四折戏加一楔子，每一折戏相当于现在的一幕，楔子是一个短场戏，放在全剧的开头或加在四折之间，起序幕或过场作用，不能放在末尾。元杂剧都用北曲，每一折戏用一套曲，即同一宫调内的套曲，押同一个韵脚。男女主角，分别由正末和正旦扮演，配角有副末、外末、小末、副旦、外旦、小旦等。此外还有净、丑、卜儿（扮老妇人）、孛老（扮老头）、?儿（扮小厮等）。同时还规定，每一本戏由一个演员主唱到底，配角只能说白。由正末主唱的戏，称“末本戏”，由正旦主唱的戏，称“旦本戏”。科白，科是指表演动作和舞台效果；白是道白，有定场白、背白、旁白等。

Favorite Spring Festival is the most important festival in China .Its to celebrate the lunar calendar s new year .

In the evening before the Spring Festival ,families get together and have a big meal .In many places people like to set off firecrackers .Dumplings are the most traditional food .

Children like the festival very much ,because they can have delicious food and wear new clothes .They can also get some money from their parents. This money is given to children for good luck .

People put New Year scrolls on the wall for good fortune .

The Spring Festival lasts about 15 days long .People visit relatives and friends with the words "Have all your wishes ". People enjoy the Spring Festival ,during this time they can have a good rest .

I believe whenwe were little babies, we were taught to learn to share with others. At first, Idon’t understand.

But now I can understand gradually.

Share happiness will makeme feel happier, while share my sadness with my friends will make me reduce sadness.When I told my friends I got the first praise in the recital contest, they allcongratulated to me and said many good words, which made me happier.

When I gotblame from my teacher, I told my friends, which made me felt comfortable. Besides,their comfort also helped me feel better.

What’s more, sharing my experiencewith others that help them lots can makes me feel satisfied.

Anyway, sharing my emotion and things withothers makes me feel awesome. You’d better try to learn to share, and then youwill understand.

我相信在我们还是小孩的时候，我们就被教导要学会与人分享。起初，我不是很明白。

但现在我慢慢地了解了。分享快乐会让我更加快乐，而和朋友分享我的悲伤也会减轻我的悲伤。

当我告诉我的朋友我在朗诵比赛上取得第一名的时候，他们都向我表示祝贺，并说了很多好话，这让我感到更开心。

当被老师责备时，我告诉我的朋友，说出来能让我感到舒服。此外，他们的安慰也能让我感到更舒适。

更重要的是，分享我的经验给他们，能够帮助他们使我感到很满足。不管怎么说，与别人分享我的情感，事情让我觉得很棒。你最好也努力尝试着分享，之后你就会明白了。

[高中英语作文：分享的意义

I have a sister Marry. She is 16 years old now.She is a beauty whose height is 163 cm.My sister has a round face and short BOB hair. She have a pair of big eyes and they look very beautiful.She has a small mouth with two thick and red lips. All of us see her will like her.

Now, she has many hobbies.For example,she like swimming and jogging.She is a senoir high shcool student .So she like study.She often says, knowlege makes her stronger.

My sister dreams to be a designer. I believe it will come ture.

Tourism in China

Recent years have seen a tendency in China that tourism is growing faster. According to a recent survey made by some experts, about 47% urban residents travel regularly, and 28% rural residents also make their tour across the country. The survey also shows that more people are interested in tourism, and will join the army in the future.

Facing this tendency, we can’t help exploring some underlying factors that are responsible. In the very first place, with the policy of reform and opening up, Chinese people’s living standard has been greatly improved, and therefore, most of them can afford to travel around. What’s more, it is believed that people now take a more positive attitude to tourism, and regard it as a life style. In addition, tourism facilities are becoming better and better. For example, transportation develops fast, and many scenic spots are available now.

中国旅游

最近几年，在中国的趋势，旅游业增长较快。根据最近的一项调查显示一些专家认为，约47%城镇居民定期作出旅行，28%的农村居民，也使他们的全国巡演。该调查还显示，更多的人在旅游有兴趣，并会在将来加入。

面对这一趋势，我们不能不说是负责任的开发一些潜在因素。在第一个地方，随着改革开放政策，对中国人民的生活水平有了很大提高，因此，他们大多数都不能周游。更重要的是，它相信，人们现在更积极的态度，旅游业，把它作为一种生活方式。此外，旅游设施正在变得越来越好。例如，交通运输发展迅速，许多景点都已经上市。

Recentlythe news that U.S attack on Chinas Internet is always exposed.And the question of how to stay online safely raises a lot of discussion in our country.As a resultin the era of rapid development of networkwe must take measures to protect our security of privacy and property effectively.

最近的新闻都揭示了美国对中国网络的攻击.如何安全地上网在我国引起了大量的讨论.结果是在网络飞速发展的时代我们必须要采取有效的措施来保护我们的隐私和财产安全.

From my perspectivein the first placewe should call attention to our personal information.Not only do we not offer them at random in some strange websitesbut we need to distinguish right from wrong among the numerous websites.Furthermoreit is inevitable that some secure anti-virus soft wares can be installed.And it will make it possible for that network can run more steadily.In addition to doing some work by ourselvesthe government needs to draw up some policies to preserve national cyber security.It involves probing for deeply rooted reasonsdevising creative solutionsdeveloping high-tech talents and strengthening the supervision.

从我的角度来看首先我们应该关注我们的个人信息.我们不仅不随随便便在一些奇怪的网站提供自己的信息而且我们需要在众多的网站之间明辨是非.此外安装一些安全的杀毒软件是必须的.这使得网络运行更加稳定.除了我们自己该做一些努力之外还需要政府制定相关政策来保护国家网络安全.这就涉及到探究深层次的原因想出有创造性的解决方案发展高新技术人才、加强监管.

Although scientists still cannot overcome the problem completelythey are studying a great deal about how to protect our national cyber security.Howeverconsciousness of cyber security should not decline.Only in this waywe just enjoy the convenience brought by the network.网络的好与坏高中英语作文

尽管科学家仍无法完全克服这个问题但是他们正在研究大量关于如何保护我们国家网络安全的办法.然而不应该放松网络安全意识.只有这样我们才能享受到网络带给我们的便利.

As is shown by the figure/percentage in the table /picture，____ has been on rise/ decrease， significantly/dramatically rising/decreasing from ____ in _____ to _____ in _____. From the sharp rise/decline in the chart， it goes without saying that _____.

There are at least two good reasons accounting for _____. In one hand， ____.In the other hand， _____ is due to the fact that ______.In addition， ______ is responsible for _____. Maybe there are some other reasons to show ______.But itis generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.

As far as I am concerned， I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.

Dear Chris,

How is everything going? I have good news to tell you. A volleyball match

is going to be held in a few weeks and our team will participate.

As for the detailed information of the match, there will be probably dozens

of teams which are going to make a revolving competition. Additionally, not only

can the top three teams each be awarded a medal but all the other teams taking

part in it will get a reward as well. What will be the most attractive is that

it will be a great honor for the top three teams to receive special volleyballs

that have the name of the most popular volleyball player on them. Therefore, we

must do enough preparations before the match, such as training as frequently as

we can.

So excited am I that I can’t wait to join in it.How about you? Looking

forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Hua

Its Sunday today. I got up early and did my homework on the table. All of a

sudden I remembered the mothers day, a picture of my mind, remembering a past

thing that moved me.

Thats the case. After coming home from school that afternoon, my mother came

back. I found that my mother was very tired, his eyes were squinting, and I

yawned. So she sent me to do my homework at home. But I felt very sad to see my

mother working so hard, so I decided to share the housework for my mother. I

began to pick up the stuff in my home, first fold the newspaper, and then the

glass was cleaned.

I put the glass on the pot filled with water, and then picked up the cloth, a

brush up. I found a little dirty in a cup, and I took some detergent to wash it.

Suddenly, the cup from the hand slipped, piercing sound startled me. I hastened

to pick up the pieces of glass on the floor. At this time, I found that my

mother was standing in front of me, and she said, "dont pick up the pieces with

your hands. Let me come." I stood up and bowed my head embarrassed and said,

"Im sorry, mom, Im too careless." I thought: this must be closed. Mother

walked over and touched my head and said, "kid, dont frighten you?" Let mommy

pack up, you go out and watch TV. " Mothers words are very gentle, but make me

more difficult, unwittingly I cry.

Looking back on this, I felt very warm. It told me that maternal love is

selfless and great, and I want to repay my mother on Mothers day.