高一英语期末作文题目汇集20篇

Topic one：Environment Protection(环境保护)

Water Pollution

With the development of industry, water pollution is becoming more serious now. The polluted water not only kills fish, it is also harmful to our health. Many people get sick because they drink the polluted water. In some rivers the water is so dirty that they can even kill plants.

We should fight against the pollution. We should stop using harmful things. I wish it is not a dream that in the near future we can have clean rivers again.

Environment Protection

Nowadays, peoples life has changed a lot with the development of modern technology and economy, which has put lots of negative effects on the environment.

Why this? Because, firstly, some factories are pouring wastes into rivers, lakes, seas and so forth; secondly, because of human activities, a great number of plants and animals are losing their lives; thirdly, using modern machines and chemicals is bad for the environment. Besides these, there are a lot of human activities which have done or are doing harm to our surroundings.

For this, I think, first, our government should make drastic measures to regulate human activities; second, we human beings should take pains-taking work to stop ourselves destroying the environment and try our best to protect our living space more.

Forest Pretention保护森林

Our country has a large area of forest. However, not until recently did the government begin to realize the importance of protecting the forest. As we may know from various sources, the government recently adopted a policy called "restore the farmland to the forest"(退耕还林).This has brought much hope to the forest of our country as well as the sustainable development of our country.

Pollution: a Social Problem

When we read newspapers, we often come across the word pollution. This word was not familiar to the people some decades ago. But now, it is a serious threat to usbecause. it means the poisoning of the air, seas, rivers and lands, which would do harm to our health.

There are many factories that bring pollution to us. We can not have fresh air in the morning. This is mainly because of the poisonous smoke coming from factories, especially chemical ones. In rivers, seas and oceans, there are industrial wastes. Some factories just throw their wastes into seas or let them flow into rivers. When people drink the water from such rivers, they get poisoned. Besides, there is rubbish from ships and when sometimes an accident occurs in an ocean, oil flows out from tankers.

On land, the accumulation of rubbish in the streets may dirty the city and ruin our health. This is mainly due to the improper disposal of rubbish by people.

If we do mot fight against pollution, surely one day all of us will be killed. Some people like to put the blame on the industrial revolutions. On the contrary, the pollution problem will be solved only with the help of modem science and technology.

When I was dreaming just now, my robot woke me up. Oh, it was nine o

clock. Now I get up. It s time to get up! This morning I will study science

lesson on the computer. I needn t go to school. There are fewer schools now. It

is a sunny day today. My parents work in the other city. They often ask me about

my lessons through the television. But I always want to play with my friends.

Now the robot is helping me clean my house and the garden. After that it will

stay with me till I go to bed. It will work out the problems of the computer and

cook meals for me.

One of the most memorable time I travel is to go to Ocean Park in shenzhen. As soon as I went in I jumped with joy, wow, a towering building, how so like a private house, I began to doubt. The house was full of praise for me.

We went to the aquarium, there is a ferocious shark, the lovely dolphins, timid sea turtles, Marine animals! Let me be during pick up, walk to the ocean theatre, dolphins, sea lions performance, clown diving is the most wonderful, funny, lovely clown, jumped into the water from the diving platform, all wet and there is a clown jump into the water, some threw a life buoy to another clown head,... .

We came to the seaside to swim, the water of the sea wave to wave to me, ah! So comfortable! Washed away by the sea water to the sand of the sea, the foot on the beach, soft, feel good!

We picked up a lot of shells on the seashore, different shape, big and small, triangular, 栯 round, color variety, beautiful!

After dinner, we again to the beach to catch crabs, found a small crab, I quickly caught it by hand. Ah! Is really a big harvest, we caught six crabs altogether. We went happily back to the hotel.

The tour that I learned many knowledge, also is my most happy one.

我最难忘的一次旅游就是去深圳海洋公园。我一进去就高兴得跳了起来，哇，一座高大的房屋,怎么这么像私人住宅,我开始疑问了。我对这间房屋赞不绝口。

我们来到海洋馆，里面有凶猛的鲨鱼、可爱的海豚、胆小的海龟，海洋动物真多!让我目不睱接，走着走着来到了海洋剧场，海豚表演、海狮表演，最精彩的是小丑跳水，滑稽、可爱的小丑，从跳水台上跳到水里，全身湿透了，有一个小丑跳着跳着掉到了水里，有的把救生圈丢到了另一个小丑的头上，......。

我们又来到海边游泳，海水一浪接一浪地扑到我身上，啊!真舒服!海水把海边的沙冲走了，脚踩在沙滩上，软绵绵的，感觉真好!

我们在海边捡了很多贝壳，形状各不相同，有大的、有小的、有三角形的、有栯圆形的，颜色多种多样，美丽极了!

吃过晚饭后，我们又到沙滩捉螃蟹，发现了一只小小的螃蟹，我迅速的用手把它捉住了。啊!真的是大收获，我们一共捉到六只螃蟹。 我们就高高兴兴地回到酒店了。

这次旅游使我学到了很多知识，也是我最高兴的一次。

In addition to tension, enrich the study life, I also have a relaxed, enjoyable holiday. The rich content, enriched my life, as well as childish students career added a few minutes of fun and carefree.

At ones go for a walk after dinner is my daily required course. Stroll near the village of flowers and plants, breathing the fresh air, and the bird companion, to enjoy a rich rose, lily of the noble and pure, strange flowers, dinner and beautiful magnolia, cannas brilliant, I will gently said to myself: "life is beautiful." I use the sincere feeling around colorful, with enthusiasm to appreciate the very beautiful flowers around us. I spontaneously from the heart: "I, belong to nature!"

More to the book, I will plunge into the ocean, breathing the smell of the fragrance of bookstores, libraries specific, experience the fun of walking books. Into the ocean of history, qin shi huang burying Confucian behavior and anger, would I be for farewell my sad tears, for the various ge is bright "teacher heel dead" untimely. Stroll the palace of literature, I gradually realize the treasure chai helpless, dai jade talent, experience of Marys stubbornness, colin weak, experience of the early morning rain listen "yu, qian zhongshus" fortress besieged "...

My summer vacation life, is a poem, a green leaf, a song...

除了紧张、充实的学习生活外，我还拥有轻松、愉快的假期生活。那丰富多采的内容，充实了我的人生，也为童稚的学生生涯增添了几分乐趣与悠然。

茶余饭后去散步是我每天的必修课。漫步在小区的花草旁，呼吸着清香的空气，与花鸟作伴，欣赏着玫瑰的浓郁，百合的高洁，晚饭花的奇特，还有玉兰的娇美，美人蕉的绚丽,我会轻轻地对自己说：“生活真是美的。”我用真诚感受身边的五颜六色，用热情欣赏周围的姹紫嫣红。我不由自主地从内心发出：“我，属于大自然!”

更多地，我会一头扎进书的海洋，呼吸着书店、图书馆特有的那种书香的气味，感受漫步书海的乐趣。钻进历史的海洋，我会为秦始皇焚书坑儒的举动而激愤，为霸王别姬的悲惨而落泪，为诸葛亮“出师未捷身先死”扼腕叹息;漫步文学的殿堂，我渐渐体会到宝钗的无奈、黛玉的才华，体会到玛丽的倔强、科林的孱弱，体会到余秋雨的“晨雨初听”、钱钟书的“围城”……

我的暑假生活，是一首诗，一片绿叶，一支歌……

A long time ago,there was an emperor who told his horseman that if he could ride on his horse and cover as much land area as he liked,then the emperor would give him the area of land he would have covered.

Sure enough,the horseman quickly jumped onto his horse and rode as fast as possible to cover as much land area as he could.He kept on riding and riding,whipping the horse to go as fast as possible.When he was hungry or tired,he did not stop because he wanted to cover as much area as possible.

Finally,the horseman came to a point when he had covered a substantial area but was exhausted and dying.He asked himself,"Why did I pushmyself so hard to cover so much land area?Now I am dying and I only need a very small area to bury myself."

The above strory is similar with the journey of our life.We push very hard everyday to make more money,to gain power and recognition.We neglect our health,time with our family and to appreciate the surrounding beauties and the hobbies we love.One day when we look back,we will realize that we dont really need that much,but then we cannot turn back time for what we have missed.

So,take it easy!Do what you want to do and appreciate nature.Life is fragile;life is short.Dont take life for granted.Live a balanced lifestyle and enjoy life!

When it comes to honesty, quite a lot of people believe it is essential to

a person’s character and success.

They base their idea on the following reasons: on one hand, successful

business owes much to mutual trust; on another hand, great people in history

such as Abraham Lincoln andGeorge Washington set us good examples of being

honest, they are great because they are honest.

Their reasons run as following: to begin with, cheating on exams is

becoming more and more popular; in addition, some singers and movie stars cheat

on taxes; last but not the least, if you are not careful enough, you’ll buy some

defective goods and fake products.

It is high time we emphasized and encouraged honesty. We can take effective

measures to restore it.

For example, kids should be taught to tell truth, strict rules and

regulations should be carried out to stop cheatings on exams and taxes, etc.

Mid-Autumn Festival The 15th day of the 8th lunar month The joyousMid-Autumn Festival was celebrated on the fifteenth day of the eighth moon， around the time of the autumn equinox（秋分）。 Many referred to it simply as the "Fifteenth of the Eighth Moon".This day was also considered as a harvest festival since fruits，vegetables and grain had been harvested by this time and food was abundant. Food offerings were placed on an altar set up in the courtyard. Apples， pears， peaches， grapes， pomegranates（石榴）， melons， oranges and pomelos（柚子） might be seen. Special foods for the festival included moon cakes， cooked taro（芋头）and water caltrope（菱角）， a type of water chestnut resembling black buffalo horns. Some people insisted that cooked taro beincluded because at the time of creation， taro was the first food discovered at night in the moonlight. Of all these foods， it could not be omitted from the Mid-Autumn Festival.l love Mid-autumn Festival very much！

[Mid-Autumn Festival高一年级中秋节英语作文

Parents are the people who care about us the most. But for a lot children,

they think it is necessary for parents to give them everything. As they grow up,

they start to realize their responsibility and feel grateful to their parents. I

was very naughty before. One day, I hanged out to play with my friends very

late, but I havent told my parents, because I thought they would not care. But

when I went home, I found my parents and uncle were sitting together, and they

looked very upset. When my parents saw me, they were angry to ask me why I went

home so late. I felt unhappy and shouted at them. Then my uncle told me that my

parents worried about me so much, and they had searched me for the whole street.

At this moment, I felt so touched, and felt their love.

There is a saying that every family has its trouble. Indeed, no one can go

on well all the time. My parents have found the good way to educate us. Thus,

when there is conflict happening between the relatives, we obey the rules and

know what to do. My parents have set up many rules for me and my sister, which

works to solve problems. The first rule is to say thank you when we get help.

Such as when someone open the door for us, we also need to show gratitude. I

find people feel happy when I say thank you to them. The second rule is to never

get angry for more than two days. So when I have disputes with my sister, we

wont be mad at each other for long time. The family rules make me a better

person.

Should students make friends on line ?Some people say yes .The internet helps make many friends .Chatting on line ,students can more freely express their feelings and opinions ,and even get help with their foreign language studies .

Others ,however, think students should not .They say making friends on line is a waste of time ,which should be spent more meaningfully on study .Besides ,some students get cheated on line.

It is my opinion that students should place their study ,health and safety before other things .As for friendship ,we can readily find it in our classmates and other people around us.

On the weekend I like to spend time in library. I like reading books. There

are many people in the library, but it is very quiet. Nobody talks in the room,

only the sound of page turning. I’m very interested in the space, so I read a

lot of books about space. Recently, I read the book Martian. It is about an

astronaut Mark left on the Mars alone, he did many things to keep himself alive.

After 549 solar days his crew mates came back to take him home. Mark is very

tough to survive in Mars, he is a big hero. In the library I can read so many

story and see the bigger world. I like library.

作文 (60分)

23、从下面两个题目中，任选一题作文。

文题一：青年时期的大仲马穷困潦倒，流浪到巴黎，期望父亲的朋友能帮自己找一份谋生的差事。父亲的朋友问他有何优点，大仲马只能摇头，似乎连丝毫的优点也找不出来。就在大仲马羞愧地写下自己的住址转身要走时，却被父亲的朋友叫住：“你的字写得很漂亮嘛，这就是你的优点啊。”把字写好也是一个人的优点!从此，大仲马以这为起点，勤奋写作，一步一步走进了大作家的行列。想不到，放大一个小小的优点竟会产生如此的影响!

朋友，也许你文化知识不扎实，但音乐或者体育能力突出;也许你不善于言辞，但动手能力很强;也许……朋友，放大你小小的优点吧。努力奋斗，成功将与你同行。

请以“放大优点”为话题，写一篇文章。

要求：①题目自拟;②文体自选;③不少于600字;④文中不得出现真实的人名、校名、地名。

文题二：请以“ 之乐”为题，写一篇文章。

要求：①题目自拟;②文体自选;③不少于600字。

We are always trying to find the way to success, which stands for power,

pride and glory. There have been strings of stories of success I was told since

I was a child. From then on, I have been fascinated with being successful.

Whatsuccess? Different people have different opinions towards this

question. To start with, some people, such as accountants, workers and so on,

are longing for being rich, which allows them buy what they want, and enjoy

luxury. They treat it as success. Furthermore, some contestants, such as boxers,

are always trying their best to defeat their rivals for success. And once they

win, they confirm that they are stronger than others. The last but not the

least, there are some other people who enjoy helping others. As a good saying

goes, the roses in her hand, the flavor in mine. With helping others, we can

also feel satisfactory.

As far as I am concerned, life is short, and we must achieve something

during our life. So I regard striving and working hard important. When comes to

we reap what we sow, it’s the time of success.

Last week, our teacher gave us a task. We needed to interview some people

and collect different opinions. At first, I felt it a difficult task, because I

was such a shy person that I dared not to talk to strangers. In order to finish

the task, I cooperated with my classmates. They helped me to ask people for a

second, then I started to talk with them in a comfortable way. I felt much eased

soon and no longer felt shy. Now I get over my fear and become stronger. This is

the good sign of growing up. I am so thankful to my classmates. Without their

help, I wont go that far.

书面表达历来是英语教学中一个难点，要想在限定的时间内写出一篇质量上乘的文章，非一日之功。纵观几年来的高考书面表达，我们可以看出，高考英语写作越来越重视情景的设置，要求考生总结自己的感受和见解，给出自己的观点。书面表达又是全面衡量学生英语综合水平的一种测试形式，因此，我们不得不重视。

第一步，写作的内容，要求做到两点— 内容完整、相关。这两点只要考生不粗心，基本都能做到。比如陕西考区的题目，要求写暑假的安排，是一篇正反观点类的议论文。必须注意题目的要求，第一要提出讨论话题，Recently there has been a heated discussion about what the students should do during the summer vacation.(这是一个经典的模版开篇句型)。第二要写出一方面的观点，然后是另一方面的观点，最后提出自己的看法，根据要求缺一不可，否则就会被扣掉相应的分数，这就是完整。再比如，2005年广东考区的成语寓言故事，不仅要描写整个守株待兔的过程，还应该根据要求点名寓意，否则也是不完整，这点只要在课堂上强调，学生是很容易做到的。所谓相关，也就是不要过多出现文中没有的信息，不能过分发挥，一般学生犯此类错误的较少。

第二步，写作中的语法。在阅卷中，一般三个小的语法错误会被扣掉一分，一个大的语法错误(关于谓语的错误)会被扣掉一分。所以，学生应该尽量避免犯语法错误。我在课堂中会强调，对于语法基础薄弱的同学，除了加强自己的语法功底外，就是去背诵我给出的50个最高频用到的句法结构。这些结构不仅正确，而且一定是高考中的有效得分点，即使语法偏弱，记住这些句子然后在考试中使用也能避免学生自己造句中的语法错误，一举两得。比如，倒装句在考试中就很少有同学主动启用，但是一旦正确启用就会收到意想不到的效果，所以我会给出四组倒装句，然后让学生加强运用和练习。这些句子包括：

1、Only when we realize the importance of environmental protection, can we solve the problem of pollution.

2、So precious is time that we can’t afford to waste it.

3、Diligent as he was, he failed in passing the exam.

4、By no means should teenagers get into the habit of smocking.

第三步，连接词的运用，使文章连贯、流畅。我把这些词分为8类，叫做“畅词”，往往学生由于中西方语言的差异，会忽视这一点，所以在授课中会通过大量的练习巩固和加强学生的印象。而且不仅要写，还写出高水平的畅词，因为高考是选拔性考试，要做到“人无我有,人有我优”。比如，“首先”这个表示次序的畅词，一般同学一定想到的是firstly 或者first of all。可是我建议学生启用to begin with, 或者initially (这个是建议水平较好的启用)。“然而”，绝大部分启用but, however，我建议学生采用on the contrary 或者oppositely。

第四步，也是整个课程的核心部分，要强化“复杂、高级”两个概念。为什么是核心呢?因为学生在这一部分没有正确的认识，在平时的学习中老师也没有有意识灌输和训练总结。大部分学生以为只要写出来、写正确就可以拿到高分，其实80-120个单词包括大概10个句子，如果全部是简单的词汇和句型没有办法达到最高档作文的要求。因此，我们强调高级的词汇和高级复杂的句型，不是说全部必须高级，而是必须出现一些才能符合高考作文大纲的要求。在这一步中，我总结的“高分词汇选择原则”、“简单句到复杂句的瞬间转换”、“高分句子写作策略”以及“钻石得分50句”，通过这些理论和实践结合的讲解，学生会感觉成绩的快速提升，效果明显。

On the Losing of Traditional Culture

1. 现在许多传统文化正慢慢消失

2. 传统文化消失的原?因

3. 我的看法

On the Losing of Traditional Culture

It is widely noted that lots of traditional culture is disappearing along with the development of technology. Many ancient architectures and traditional ways of living have been deserted. It seems that the traditional culture and craftsmanship will be replaced in this modern era.

The following reasons can account for the above phenomenon. Firstly, traditional technologies are always considered ineffective while the new sciences are always highly efficient. Secondly, it is costly to protect the traditional culture. If the fund used to protect the ancient culture was instead delivered to the poor, it will be helpful to the improvement of their living standard. Thirdly, modern science and technology facilitate both our daily and academic life a lot. For instance, college students always collect their thesis materials by surfing the Internet instead of borrowing books from the library.

In my opinion, although traditional culture is an ancient heritage, it couldn’t keep pace with the development of society. It is the tide of history that the traditional culture and technology will no doubt be eliminated in the end.

travel is a very good means of broadening a persons perspective。 it makes you come into contact with different cultures， meet people of different colors and go through peculiar rites and ceremonies。 travelling much， you will not only enrich your knowledge and eperiences， but also be aware of the vastness of nature。

travel may also relieve person of boredom and gloom。 travel brings you enjoyment and attraction。 it gives you a pleasant eperience， which will disperse your boredom and make you forget whatever annoys you。 travel broadens your mind and leaves you good memories。 later， you may go over these memories and enjoy your past eperiences， thus keeping a fresh and sunny mind。

the fields his study， nature was his book。

travelers can choose different modes of transportation which have advantages and disadvantages。 airplanes are the fastest but also the most epensive。 buses and trains are less epensive， but they soon make you feel cramped and uncomfortable。 ships provide you with comfort unless you get seasick。 most people can afford traveling by bicycle， which， although slow， can limber up your muscles and get you closer to nature。

8 August 2008

Jacques Rogge, President, International Olympic Committee

That was spectacular. Tonight, the world was able to join in a magnificent tribute to the athletes and the Olympic spirit. It was an unforgettable and moving ceremony that celebrated the imagination, originality and energy of the Beijing Games.

We saw 204 national delegations march into the beautiful new National Stadium in the age-old tradition of the Games. Millions of people around the world were able to experience the thrill of seeing their heroes in a sea of team colours and national flags.

We witnessed athletes from these 204 countries and territories united in peace in one place. And for the next 16 days, they will be a part of one of the most thrilling competitions in history. As an Olympian, I can tell you that they will carry this memory with them forever.

This iconic stadium is one of the worlds new wonders. It was a fitting setting for an amazing Opening Ceremony, I look forward to an equally exciting and unforgettable 16 days.

Hein Verbruggen, IOC Member and Chairman of the Coordination Commission for the Games of the XXIX Olympiad

Opening ceremonies have always been a way for host cities to welcome the world and for the world to gather and share the Olympic spirit. This ceremony to open the Beijing Olympic Games was a breathtaking culmination of seven years of planning and preparation. The world will remember this for a long time.

The Chinese character "fu" (meaning blessing or happiness) is a must. The character put on paper can be pasted normally or upside down, for in Chinese the "reversed fu" is homophonic with "fu comes", both being pronounced as "fudaole." Whats more, two big red lanterns can be raised on both sides of the front door. Red paper-cuttings can be seen on window glass and brightly colored New Year paintings with auspicious meanings may be put on the wall.

People attach great importance to Spring Festival Eve. At that time, all family members eat dinner together. The meal is more luxurious than usual. Dishes such as chicken, fish and bean curd cannot be excluded, for in Chinese, their pronunciations, respectively "ji", "yu" and "doufu," mean auspiciousness, abundance and richness. After the dinner, the whole family will sit together, chatting and watching TV. In recent years, the Spring Festival party broadcast on China Central Television Station (CCTV) is essential entertainment for the Chinese both at home and abroad. According to custom, each family will stay up to see the New Year in.

Morning, my mother and I rubbed his change to eyes, skid to sit up, turn on the TV to watch the news, the television was on sichuan earthquake situation, my mother and I just watched with rapt attention, the news says the death toll has more than 170 people, 6986 people were injured. The peoples liberation army uncles last night didnt sleep a wink last night, has been in the search and rescue, hope within 72 hours of gold rescue more people.

Among them forth county has an 11 year old girl named Huang Siyi, her parents work in the county, Huang Siyi with grandma and grandpa always live together, at the time of the earthquake, Huang Siyi run down from upstairs, on the way to be on fence. With the help of the neighbours, rescued out of grace. Injury is very serious, scarlett yi has accepted the right leg amputation, but still in a coma, can only rely on breathing machine help to breathe. The doctor said she suffered serious damage of liver and kidneys. Grace is huaxi hospital intensive care unit for emergency treatment. To see her mother tearfully when accepting a reporter to interview, sad, my in the mind very afflictive, sour nose, I pray for her, want her to wake up and get well soon. Yi, come on!

My heart trembling, and the terrible earthquake, damn, why didnt at the time of the earthquake precursor, why no one can predict? Before the typhoon weather here advised us that want us to do a good job of typhoon. Sincerely hope that we can anticipate this natural disaster.

早晨，我和妈妈揉了揉惺松的眼睛，一骨碌地坐起来，打开电视看新闻，电视上面正在直播四川地震情况，我和妈妈就全神贯注地看了起来，新闻上说死亡人数已经超过170多人，6986人受伤。解放军叔叔们昨晚上一晚上都没合眼，一直在搜救，希望在72小时的黄金时间内搜救出更多的人民。

其中芦山县有一位11岁女孩叫黄思怡，她父母在县城打工，黄思怡一直跟爷爷奶奶生活在一起，地震发生时，黄思怡从楼上往下跑，途中被围墙砸到。在邻居的帮助下，思怡被救出来。伤势很严重，思怡已经接受了右腿截肢手术，但依然昏迷不醒，只能靠呼吸机辅助呼吸。医生说她的肝、肾功能受到严重损害。思怡正在华西医院的重症监护室进行抢救。看到她妈妈接受记者采访的时候声泪俱下，伤心欲绝，我心里很难受，鼻子酸酸的，我为她祈祷，希望她快点醒过来，快点好起来。思怡，加油!

我心里直打哆嗦，这可怕的地震真可恶，地震发生时为什么都没有前兆呢，为什么没有人能预测呢?我们这里台风来临之前气象台都会通知，要我们做好防台工作。真心希望我们人类能够事先预测这种自然灾害。

五、写作(共两个写作任务.满分35分)

写作一(满分15分)

请结合材料，按要求用英文写作。

A mother said,”My son is always on the phone,sleeping, out with his friends.or in his room.

He never has time to talk to me.”

要求:(1)就此材料发表你的看法;

(2)紧扣材料，有明确的观点;

(3)词数不少于60;

(4)在答题卡上作答。

写作二(满分20分)

调查显示，中国长江江豚(finless porpoise)受人类活动影响而频临灭绝，目前总数不足1000只。

暇设你是李华，现请用英文给WWF(世界自然保护基金组织)写一封信，请他们关注这一状况并

提供帝助。内容应包括:

·说明写信目的

·简述江豚现状

·希望WWF如何帮助(比如：资助江豚保护项目等)

·表示感谢并期待回复

注意：(1)词数不少于80;

(2)在答题卡上作答

(3)书信格式及开头均已给出(不计入总词数)。

Dear Sir or Madam,

I’m a student from Chongqing,China.

___________________________________________

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua