伐檀诗经翻译【20篇】

The New Year begins, we as if in anything is very fresh. New clothes, books, new challenge! Do you want to know my new plan?

A, spend learning. Teacher often said that "everybody has frequently as the diameter, road to learning bitter for a ship", "book is the ladder of human progress." So, this year Im going to my "nest egg" to buy the readers digest "childrens literature". Change to buy some snacks to eat, and New Years money, I used to be tuition, buy stationery.

Second, challenge themselves, beyond the limit. Because of the arrogance of last semester, leading to the final exam a slip-up, confusion, pride, at that time careless, eventually "lost" Han gave the rain! So, Im going to in this semester, do your best to go beyond the rain Han. In addition, I served as the monitor in the class, so I will try to manage the class when the teacher good assistants and teachers and students between the Bridges.

Third, get rid of disadvantages, everyone together, make a sensible boy. Before I always always love lost his temper, at home, eat good, wear well, live a good, like a little princess, I dont know my parents in the mind of the bitter. From watching the TV series "warm spring", I was going to save money, help my mother do the housework, reduce the burden of parents.

Flowers are open, all is a bird to fly, is to smoke a leaf tree. Who doesnt want to be a general is not a good soldier. Today, I was involved in a winner; Tomorrow, I am a successful participants! In the New Year, we struggle for yourself!

新的一年开始了，我们仿佛对任何事物都很有新鲜感。新的衣服，新的书本，新的挑战!你想知道我的新计划吗?

一、花钱学问。老师常说“书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟”、“书是人类进步的阶梯”。所以，今年我打算吧我的“私房钱”用来买《读者》《儿童文学》。零钱来买一些零食吃，而压岁钱就用来当学费、买文具用品。

二、挑战自我，超越极限。因为上学期的骄傲自大，导致期末考试一时疏忽，一时糊涂，一时骄傲，一时马虎，最终“败”给了雨晗!所以，我打算在这个学期里，尽自己最大的努力超越雨晗。另外，我在班里担任班长，所以我也会尽量管理好班级，当老师的好助手和老师与同学之间的桥梁。

三、改掉缺点、大家团结，做个懂事的好孩子。以前的我总是动不动就爱发脾气，在家里，吃好的、穿好的、住好的，就像一个小公主，不知爸妈心里的苦。自从看了电视剧《暖春》，我便打算节约用钱，帮妈妈做家务，减轻爸妈的负担。

是花都要开放，是鸟都要飞翔，是树都要抽枝长叶。不想当将军的士兵就不是好兵。今天，我是参与成功者;明天， 我是成功的参与者!在新的一年里，我们为自己而奋斗吧!

In my heart, my father is a great man, he wakes up early and goes to work,

in the event, he goes home late. He is working so hard, all he does is for the

family and to support my education. Once I ask him if he is tired, he smiles and

says that I am his sweet burden. I feel so moved, his love for me is so

deep.

在我心里，我的爸爸是个伟大的人，他很早就起来上班，在晚上，他很晚才回家。他一直都很努力工作，他所做的一切都是为了家庭和支持我的教育。曾经我问他是否感到很累，他对我微笑，说我是他甜蜜的负担。我很感动，他对我的爱是如此的深。

俗话说：“书中自有黄金屋，书中自有颜如玉。”中国文化犹如滚滚黄河，川流不息，而《诗经》可以说是中国文化之源了。

老师、爸妈都这样对我说：“五年级了，你差不多要认识文言文了，探索、体会古人的思想了。”刚寒假，外公就领着我去新华书店，请来了她——中国文化之源《诗经》。

敞开书页，粗阅一番，倒觉得文言文并不那么单调、乏味、古板、难懂。它的字里行间渗透出来的魅力却是那么无穷。虽然书中也有注解，但是我倒觉得：毎个人必须自个儿去品读、去品味、去作出自己别样的解释。

或许，文言文就是“之乎者也”;就是一些念不出的生字拗词;就是突然发现，凸现在明星歌里、网络语中的成语出处;就是低语细声的“卫风”、“王风”、“大雅”、“小雅”的《诗经》格调;就是“窈窕淑女，君子好逑”、“七言加之，与子宜之，宜言饮酒，与子偕老。琴瑟在卸，莫不静好。”的古人含情脉脉的情感;就是赋比兴的手法、风雅颂的国风……简直目不暇接、爱不释手!《诗经》中，小雅调里的《黄鸟》是我最喜欢的诗韵，诗人述写黄鸟二次：头一次用直铺笔法劝黄鸟不要吃自己存下的食粮，让它飞回故乡问候亲人;其次借黄鸟处境比喻自己在异乡的遭遇，抒发一位异乡人不能在当地得到公正美好待遇而迸发出的怨恨，和思念故乡的心情。

细细品读《诗经》，书有散发出不仅思乡之情、爱慕之情、望子成龙、还有描写国政、家庭、友情、离别……众多喜怒哀乐、情感交织在一起，浇灌了读者的心田，牵引了读者的视线，薰陶了读者的情。

多多去翻翻老祖宗留下的瑰宝吧!去认识文言文，品味一下古人之情感，真的很快乐哩!

Food safety has been closely watched, because our everyday life simply can not do without food. Everyone knows this, but always some people again, lets worry about it, whether our food safety and health.

Recently of malachite green, Sudan red, and so on have been "destroyed" and are these hearts duck eggs, and havent been solved completely. But even if they now have to solve, but we also have to worry about "they" will not back not just in the future? Thought of here, I cant help but think constantly behind the scenes "make" the food of a few to endanger the safety of life. So I just sent a such doubts are these people for the sake of what? I want to or for a word - money, money is the devils bait. Because of the money, how many times this happened in the world of murder, robbery and theft? Who would have thought such a sum of money, is want to jail and the court criminal "supplier"?

Is because the money has arisen: artificial sweetener, saccharin sodium, cyclamate and preservatives (sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate), etc. The use of food additives. Therefore, I very want to some people dont understand, how many people did their "product" harm? There are a lot of people after eating these so-called "health and safe food" and diarrhea and vomiting, and even lost his life!

However, I think, in addition to criticise those who only know to make money and people who do not care about their health and safety, we also need to improve their awareness.

Such as: apple too shiny instructions may be played in a wax. White spot on the grapes too much may be excessive pesticide use.

These instructions, defense artificially added chemicals in food, some harmful substance is but with the naked eye or simple method of inspection.

We should pay attention to food safety, want to for the sake of our health and make great efforts, to strive for the sake of our civilization.

食品安全一直倍受关注，因为我们的日常生活根本离不开食品。所有人都知道这一点，但又总一些人，让我们担心，我们的食品是否安全，是否卫生。

最近的孔雀石绿、苏丹红等这些是已经被“消灭”了还有红心鸭蛋等还没完全被解决的。不过就算它们现在已经给解决了，可是我们还要担心“它们”还会不会在不就的将来卷土重来呢?想到这里，我就不禁想到了在幕后不断“制造”这一些危害人生安全的食品的人。于是我就发出了这样的疑惑这些人是为了什么?我想还是为了一个字——钱，钱是魔鬼得意的诱饵。因为钱，这世界上发生过多少次的谋杀、抢劫和盗窃?谁能想到这么一张张的钱币，竟是想监狱和法庭输送罪犯的“供应商”?

也就是因为了钱产生了：人工合成甜味剂(糖精钠、甜蜜素)和防腐剂(苯甲酸钠、山梨酸钾)等食品添加剂的使用情况。因此，我十分的想些人明不明白，他们的“产品”危害了多少人?有许多的人因为吃了这些所谓的“卫生、安全食品”而上吐下泻乃至丢了性命的!

不过，我想，除了批评那些只知道赚钱而不顾及他们身体健康、安全的人以外，我们还要提高自己的防范意识!

如：苹果过于的发亮说明苹果可能打过蜡。葡萄上的白斑过多可能就是农药使用过量。

这些说明，防御食品中人为的添加化学物质、有害物质有些是可是用肉眼或简单的方法检验出来的。

我们要关注食品安全，要为了我们的健康而努力，要为了我们的文明而努力。

I went to see a film in the cinema this evening. It was called Kong Fu

Panda. I love this film. It is funny but I also learned something from the film.

We should not give up things easily. We should have a good plan and make up our

mind to make our dream come true.

今天晚上我去电影院看了电影。影片教《工夫熊猫》。我爱好这部电影。很有趣可我也学到了一些东西。我们不应该轻易废弃。我们应该做个好规划，下定决心，实现梦想。

The end of the summer， should have a good rest! But my mother is very busy。 As the daughter of course I want to help my mother to do some。 Early in the morning I got up， washed the dishes， sweep the floor， cooking and so on， at noon， I tired， lying on the bed， fan fan， more fortable。翻译：最后放暑假了，就应好好歇歇了！但是妈妈很忙。作为女儿的我当然要帮妈妈分担些了。一大清早的我就起来了，帮妈妈洗碗，扫地，做饭等等，到了中午，我快累死了，往床上一躺，扇扇电风扇，舒服多了。

I am a shy boy.I speak less than other students in my class.“On the contrary”,my best friend is much more outgoing than me.He plays basketball better than many students in our class.He is one year older than me.We both like to watch Harry Potter.We often talks about Harry who has a more special life than other boy.I often imagine if  could have more magic than other people.My friend laughs at me.

我是一个比较害羞的男孩，我在我们班级里说话比较少的。相反的，我最好的朋友要比我外向很多，他打篮球比其他同学要好。他比我大一岁，我们都喜欢看哈利波特，我们经常讨论哈利是一个拥有特殊生活的男孩子。我常常会想，如果我也有会魔法就好了，我的朋友因此而笑我。

As the most important festival in China since ancient times， the Spring Festival is always being excepted by we kids。 Because we dont need to do any homework during this time very year。Its really a precious holiday for us。 And our parents are free from their work too。 We go to our grandparents to get together with them to enjoy the moment when the new year comes。

I will priciate if the holiday to be longer。

作为一直以来中国最重要的节日，春节总是带给我们这些小孩美好的期待。首先，在这春节期间我们不用写作业了。这对我们来说真是弥足珍贵的假日。我们的父母也放假，所以我们能一起去爷爷奶奶家欢度新年，一起享受新年钟声敲响时的快乐。

当然，如果这假期长一点的话我们会更开心的。

Summer holiday is coming. How excited! I havemade a plan for my summer holiday. First of all, I will go to Hong Kong tovisit my aunt. And then I will stay with her for a while. As Hong Kong is the shoppingparadise, of course, I will ask my aunt to go shopping with me . I will also eatthe delicious food there. And then I will go home. I know that study comesfirst. So I will finish my homework first. After that I will go out play withmy friends. And then I will take a good rest to prepare for my coming back toschool.

暑假即将来临。多么的兴奋啊！我已经为我的暑假制定了计划。首先，我会去香港拜访我的婶婶。之后我会和她呆一段时间。因为香港是购物天堂，当然我会叫我婶婶陪我一起去购物。我还要吃那里美味的食物。然后我就会回家。我知道学习是最重要的。所以回去之后我会先完成我的暑假作业。之后我就会和我的朋友出去玩。再之后我就会好好的休息来为回校做好准备。

1.(按照一定的程序和技术要求进行活动) operate; manipulate; handle

2.(所进行的若干连续生产活动的总合) operation; manipulation; handling; machining; processing

详细解释

◎ 操作 cāozuò

[labor] 劳动;劳作

◎ 操作 cāozuò

[operate;manipulate;handle;manage] 按规范和要领操纵动作

操作规程

需要细心的操作,以防冲垮

(1).劳动。《后汉书·梁鸿传》：“﹝ 孟光 ﹞乃更为椎髻，著布衣，操作而前。 鸿 大喜曰：‘此真 梁鸿 妻也。能奉我矣!’” 宋 李纲 《题》诗：“儿童玉立形骨清，挈笠携筐助操作。” 清 唐甄 《潜书·权实》：“匠之於器，日夜操作，则手与器相习而无不如意。” 清 周淑履 《述怀》诗：“轧轧机杼声，漠漠空天雪，操作入中宵，十指皆皴裂。”

(2).按照一定的程序和技术要求进行活动。 艾芜 《鞍钢啊，我回来了》：“有些操作，先前需要两三个人的，现在只消一个人按下电钮就行。” 靳以 《跟着老马转》：“你自己就违反了操作规程。”

Oh, the winter is coming! When the up in the morning, but I cant afford to linger in bed, at this moment, I knew - winter is coming; When I gradually added a few pieces of thick clothes, at this moment, I knew, if winter comes, Drifted down the light snow falling on that day, I knew - winter is coming... In winter, when we unconsciously quietly came to our side. In winter, it is how mysterious!

The north wind blowing, with blow to the face, like the prick of an acupuncture, pain unceasingly. The pedestrians on the road less and less, only people have wrapped themselves, like a big steamed stuffed bun. Some middle-aged women have also turned into "Arab women", leaving only a pair of complicated big eyes on his face. Green girl, however, that those who are not so, they wear skirt, standing on high heels, and gracefully walk the road, is really "want to grace, dont temperature". In the winter, how naughty!

Oh! If winter comes, even our warm suzhou snow began to fall. Look, look, it is to the world of a be dressed in white, and the beautiful snow covered everything with a beautiful clothes, everything is white, on the roof, the ground and the trees... Even the car is glistening snow, seems to be the whole world is surrounded by snow, the whole world was snow decorated whiteness. A warm winter day out, according to us warm. There is a lovely ah, winter!

Whether charactizing a fine spring, the summer the sun is shining, or her of the cool autumn, I still like to be dressed in white in the winter!

啊，冬天来了!当早上该起来的时候，我却还赖在被窝里不起，这时，我就知道——冬天来了;当我身上渐渐地又增加了几件厚厚的衣服，这时，我就知道——冬天来了;当天上飘下淅淅沥沥的小雪的时候，我就知道——冬天来了……冬天，在我们不知不觉的时候，悄悄地来到了我们身边。冬天，是多么神秘啊!

北风呼呼地吹着，吹到脸上，就如同被针刺了似的，疼痛不已。路上的行人越来越少了，仅有的人们也都把自己裹得严严实实的，像个大包子一样。一些中年女士也纷纷变成了“阿拉伯妇女”，脸上只留下了一双扑朔迷离的大眼睛。可是，那些青春少女们却不是这样，她们穿着裙子，踩着高跟鞋，及其优雅地走着路，可真是“要风度，不要温度”啊。冬天，是多么调皮呀!

呵!冬天来了，就连我们暖和的苏州也下起了鹅毛大雪。你瞧，放眼望去，简直是来到了一个银妆素裹的世界——美丽的雪花给万物披上了一件漂亮的衣裳，一切都是白茫茫的，屋顶上、地上、树梢上……就连车子上也都是白花花的雪，似乎整个世界都被皑皑白雪笼罩了，整个世界都被皑皑白雪装饰得洁白无暇。温暖的冬日也出来了，照得我们暖洋洋的。啊，冬天也有可爱的一面!

不管是鸟语花香的春天，艳阳高照的夏天，还是金凤送爽的秋天，我还是喜欢银妆素裹的冬天!

It is important to know our good and bad points because this knowledge will

help us to improve ourself. We should examine ourselves and learn who we

are.

对于我们来说，正确地认识自身的优缺点是很重要的，因为这个认识有助于我们自身的提高。我们应该检查自己并学着(认识)我们是谁。

Above all, we should recognize our strengths and weaknesses. For example, I

am healthy and fit, so I can work hard. Im also optimistic, humble and polite.

These are my strengths. However, I also have weaknesses. For one thing, Im

stubborn and a little impatient. Im sometimes lazy as well and can spent a

whole day just watching TV and eating junk food. Im not ashamed to admit these

bad pints. Knowing what they are lets me focus on improving myself.

首先，我们应该认识自己的优点和缺点。举个例子来说，我是个身体健康的人，所以我可以很努力的工作。我也是一个乐观、谦逊和有礼貌的人。这些是我的优点。可是，我也有缺点。首先，我是一个倔强和有点没有耐心的人。有时候我也很懒惰的，(我)可以花整天的时间看电视和吃垃圾食品。我没有对允许这些缺点(出现)而感到羞愧。了解这些优缺点使我(的注意力)聚焦在提高自身方面。

My name is Liu Xianyang, a small student of Baiyun, reading class six in grade three.

I have a round face, big eyes, red mouth. I have a pair of big ears, and I hear it very clearly. My hands are long, my feet are big, and I run fast.

I like to blow the gourd, it is a national musical instrument, the sound of blowing out sounds good. I will blow the music of the happy water splashing Festival, the catch swing, the reed Shaw love.

I love to laugh, love sports, like to make friends with others, and everyone comes to make friends with me.

Today is new years thirty home, bustling, the whole family is bursting with happiness, while busy looking forward to a side of the dinner on New Years Eve.

Morning, Grandpa and I went to the market to buy special purchases for the Spring Festival. I asked, &ldquo, Grandpa, what are we going to buy? ” grandpa said: “ ready to buy some fish. ” go to the fish market, fishmonger to us: “ yellow croaker, carp, Taihu fish, Spring Festival preferential sell. ” my grandfather picked up a Taihu fish, weighing pay, fishmonger agile cleaning the fish. My grandfather and I went to the vegetable market and bought a lot of vegetables. People are busy with the final purchase at the end of the year, ready to meet new years Eve and new years arrival.

On the street, alley occasionally bursts of firecrackers, add a festive holiday. I played outside with my children all afternoon, and I protested to eat a years dinner, when I thought about going home right away. At the door, my father and I put up a couplet, put a hang of firecrackers, the big rice will start! Mom for a sumptuous dinner, I just want to pick up the chopsticks a clip, grandma said: “ so, we guess, see who can say the name in four words. ” I preempted the answer: “ this is called the annual surplus (FISH), that is diligent (Qin) fast, red hot, plain sailing, … … ” once said a few idioms, Granny satisfied with the praise of me. The clink of blessing, we began to enjoy a delicious.

All the dishes in the Spring Festival have an auspicious idiom, which symbolizes the harvest, blessing and expectation of the year. It is very interesting. I cant help exclamation the rich and diverse traditional culture of our country.

今天是大年三十，家里热热闹闹、喜气洋洋的，全家人都边忙边期盼着香喷喷的年夜饭。

上午，我和爷爷去早市买年货。我问：“爷爷，咱们去买点什么呀？”爷爷说：“准备买点鱼。”走到鱼市，鱼贩向我们介绍：“黄花鱼、鲤鱼、太湖白鱼，过大年优惠卖了。”爷爷挑了一条太湖白鱼，过秤付钱，鱼贩利索的把鱼清理干净。我和爷爷又到菜市场采购了很多蔬菜，人们都在忙着年末最后的采购，准备迎接除夕和新年的到来

大街上、小巷里不时传来阵阵炮竹声，为节日增添了喜气。我在外面与小朋友玩了一下午，肚子提出抗议要吃年夜饭，这时我才想起马上回家。在家门口，我和爸爸贴好对联，放了一挂鞭炮，丰盛的年夜饭就要开始喽！妈妈摆好一桌丰盛的晚宴，性急的我拿起筷子刚要夹，奶奶说：“等等，我们来猜一猜，看谁能用四个字说出菜名。”我抢先答道：“这个叫年年有余（鱼），那个是勤勤（芹）快快、红红火火、一帆风顺……”一下说出了好几个成语，奶奶满意的直夸我。碰杯祝福之后，我们开始品尝一道道美味。

春节的菜肴都有一句吉祥的成语，象征着一年的收获、祝福与期盼，真是太有趣了。我禁不住感叹我们国家传统文化的丰富多样。

January 15 20xx

20xx年1月15日

It was the third day of our winter holiday. Today, there are many business in my mothers company. So my mother told me to help my uncle who is the manager of my mothers company. I sat in my mothers office and help her answer the telephone. While I was free, I was writing my homework. Although I also have a lot of time to do my homework, I still do it. Because in my mothers office, I had nothing to do. If I did nothing, I was wasting my time and my life. I cant do the foolish thing. We should take good use of our time.

这是我们的冬季假期的第三天。今天,有许多企业在我母亲的企业。因此,我的母亲告诉我,帮助我的叔叔谁是我母亲的企业的经理。我坐在母亲的办公室,帮她接电话。虽然我是自由的,我正在写我的家庭作业。虽然我也有很多时间做功课,我仍然这样做。因为在我母亲的办公室,我没有任何关系。如果我没做什么,我是在浪费我的时间和我的生命。我不能做的傻事。我们应该利用我们的时间充分利用。

有这么一种虫子，它的体长还不到一毫米，也许因为在电子显微镜下看起来像一头黑熊，所以人们叫它雄虫。它主要生活在淡水的沉渣，潮湿土壤以及苔藓植物的水膜中。最近日本冈山大学物理学家小野文久发现了一个惊人的现象：当20只小熊虫被放入密封的容器内，在实验室制造的7.5万个大气压下，20只熊虫只有两只死亡，其余的18只安然无恙。7.5万个大气压!它相当于每平方豪米要承受700多千克重物的压力，它足以上淀粉瞬间变性，生米顷刻为熟饭。自然条件下，地球上也只有180千米的地幔深处才拥有如此大的压力。

至今没有人能弄清楚熊虫为何如此能忍。不只是出于对这种超强生命力的尊重还是怀疑，有人叫它地狱之虫。一个长度不超过1毫米的微不足道的虫子，能承受命运给他如此的压力，相比较而言，我们这些自称是高级动物，智慧生命，万物之灵的人呢?在人的现实生活中，有多少小小的心结，小小的压力构成我们所谓的生存压力。在这样的压力下又有多少悲观失落之人将美好的人生称作地狱?现在一比才觉得，其实我们的压力就好比是真空，我饿美女的地狱就是天堂中的天堂。在那一刻，我在心里默默地鞠了一躬，不是为熊虫，而是感谢造物主没有把这样的压力降在人间。

亲爱的老师，就像那春天的细雨，滋润着我们的心田。教师节到了，小编为大家整理提供了教师节的英语作文，希望对你有帮助。

教师节的英语作文一：

We celebrate TeachersDay on the first Wednesday of September.The celebrations usually take place on Friday.All pupils show performances to teachers in the hall.Pupils present a lot of flowers to teachers.The most interesting thing is that teachers acting as pupils have a lesson with senior pupils acting as teachers.They teach,ask questions and play games as a usual lesson.Teachers usually behave badly,they are late,chew gum,talk to desk mates and have to be reprimanded and sent to the head teacher who is also a senior pupil.

我们庆祝教师节在九月的第一个星期三。庆祝活动通常发生在周五，全部学生进行展示表演，教师在大厅。小学生送给了老师大把大把的鲜花.最有趣的事情是，老师扮演学生，学生扮演老师。学校教高级学生一节课，问问题，玩游戏，通常在课堂上老师表现不好，他们迟到，咀嚼口香糖，不得不被训斥，老师也是一名资深的学生。

教师节的英语作文二：

It is Teachers‘ Day on September 10th every year. Teachers are the greatest people in the world, I think, because they teach us how to write and read. The most important is that they teach us how to be a real man. They are also kind to everybody and they don‘t want anyone to fall behind others. They always get on very well with their students, and they are our best friends. When students are in trouble, they can help them in time.‘ I will be a teacher when I grow up.

九月十日是教师节。我认为教师是世界上最伟大的人，因为他们教会我们读书写字，更重要的是他们教会我们如何做人。他们对每个学生都很好，不想让任何一个人掉队。他们和学生们关系融洽。他们是我们的好朋友。当学生有困难时，他们会及时帮助学生。等我长大了，我也要当一名教师。

教师节的英语作文三：

Teachers Day comes on September 10th every year. On the day we usually give our teachers cards to show our thanks. I thank them for helping me when I am in trouble, and I thank them for teaching me how to be a real man.

Of course they are very friendly to everyone. They always get on very well with their students. They are not only our teachers but also our friends. They love us very much and we love them,too.

每年的九月十日是教师节。在那天，我们通常送卡片采表示我们对老师的谢意。我感谢他们在我困难的时候帮助我，我感谢他们教会我怎样做人。

当然他们对所有的学生都很关心，他们与学生的关系非常融洽。他们不仅是我们的老师，而且还是我们的朋友。他们十分爱我们，而我们也非常敬爱他们。

一、基本方法：直译和意译。

文言文翻译的基本方法有直译和意译两种。 所谓直译，是指用现代汉语的词对原文进行逐字逐句地对应翻译，做到实词、虚词尽可能文意相对。直译的好处是字字落实；其不足之处是有时译句文意难懂，语言也不够通顺。

所谓意译，则是根据语句的意思进行翻译，做到尽量符合原文意思，语句尽可能照顾原文词义。意译有一定的灵活性，文字可增可减，词语的位置可以变化，句式也可以变化。意译的好处是文意连贯，译文符合现代语言的表达习惯，比较通顺、流畅、好懂。其不足之处是有时原文不能字字落实。 这两种翻译方法当以直译为主，意译为辅。

二、具体方法：留、删、补、换、调、变。

“留”，就是保留。凡是古今意义相同的词，以及古代的人名、地名、物名、官名、国号、年号、度量衡单位等，翻译时可保留不变。

“删”，就是删除。删掉无须译出的文言虚词。比如“沛公之参乘樊哙者也”——沛公的侍卫樊哙。“者也”是语尾助词，不译。

“补”，就是增补。（1）变单音词为双音词；（2）补出省略句中的省略成分；（3）补出省略了的语句。注意：补出省略的成分或语句，要加括号。

“换”，就是替换。用现代词汇替换古代词汇。如把“吾、余、予”等换成“我”，把“尔、汝”等换成“你”。

“调”就是调整。把古汉语倒装句调整为现代汉语句式。主谓倒装句、宾语前置句、介宾后置句、定语后置句等翻译时一般应调整语序，以便符合现代汉语表达习惯。

“变”，就是变通。在忠实于原文的基础上，活泽有关文字。如“波澜不惊”，可活泽成“（湖面）风平浪静”。

古文翻译口诀

古文翻译，自有顺序，首览全篇，掌握大意；

先明主题，搜集信息，由段到句，从句到词，

全都理解，连贯一起，对待难句，则需心细，

照顾前文，联系后句，仔细斟酌，揣摩语气，

力求做到，合情合理，词句之间，联系紧密。

若有省略，补出本意，加上括号，表示增益。

人名地名，不必翻译，人身称谓，依照贯例，

“吾”“余”为我，“尔”“汝”为你。省略倒装，都有规律。

实词虚词，随文释义，敏化语感，因句而异。

译完之后，还须仔细，逐句对照，体会语气，

句子流畅，再行搁笔。

典故大全之人物/将相

Dear Miss Jiang,

I am writing to share my ideas about our English class. Now, our main

material in the class is the textbook, which is reasonable. But I think we can

get some other resources, such as English magazines, songs, movies and so on. We

can learn the basic knowledge from out textbook, and get some more from other

materials. In addition, those materials are more authentic and practical, which

will be useful to our learning. Besides, by doing so, we can get more fun from

learning and develop our interest to English. Please take good consideration of

my advice. Thank you!

Sincerely yours

Bella

尊敬的蒋老师：

您好!我写信是想和你谈谈我对英语课的想法。现在我们上课用的主要材料是课本，这是合理的。但是我认为我们可以获取一些其他资源，比如英语杂志，歌曲，电影等等。我们可以从课本上学到基本的知识，同时从其他材料获取更多知识。另外，那些材料更真实和实用，这对于我们的学习会有好处的。此外，通过这样做我们可以从学习中获得更多乐趣从而培养我们对英语的兴趣。请您认真考虑我的建议，谢谢!

Dear Ms Wang,

I beg to apply for seven days’ leave /one week’s leave of absence from the 4th to 10th of this month. Because my father is seriously ill now, so I want to return home to see him.

To support my application, I enclose the fax my sister sent. Yours respectfully, Li Fei

亲爱的王小姐，

我请求请七天假/一个星期的假，从第四到第十本月。因为我的父亲病得很严重，所以我想回家看望他。

支持我的申请，我将传真我姐姐送。

谨启，

李菲

Remember the famous Russian writer gorky said: "responsible, is one of the most basic quality. If we give up the responsibility also is equal to give up the whole world."

Is ah! As long as we pay attention to, in every corner of the life it is the responsibility of the embodiment. When you are in the classroom clean, you clean responsible for class; When you put cans into the bin, you are in the responsibility for the society; When you will own pocket money to the environmental defense fund, you are a responsible for the entire earth. What we do every thing, seem to be all the responsibility. Therefore, be an upright person should have the sense of responsibility.

A successful person in the world but also has a high sense of responsibility. Chinese ancient famous doctor li shizhen in order to understand the effects of the "red fruits", actually oneself ate three times, nearly die, he was holding the responsibility of medical research work. Chemist after David found seven kinds of chemical elements, in line with the sense of responsibility for academic research, and repeatedly studied for two years, will be published. Lu xun, a high sense of responsibility, holding the revolution under the white terror custody, transfer the manuscripts for communists... These are not all goes to show how important responsibility of a person is?

However, if a person has no sense of responsibility, will bring social and personal misfortune. Just because some irresponsible, make a beautiful rainbow bridge instantly turned into a heap of rubbish; Just because some irresponsible, make zhanjiang customs smuggling "paradise", resulting in the loss of hundreds of millions of dollars to the country. How terrible thing it is irresponsible!

Famous educationist Mr CAI yuanpei said: "a person, must first." The people of the 21st century, let us take their own responsibility! So tomorrow will be better!

记得俄国著名作家高尔基说过：“负责任，是一个最基本的品质。如果我们放弃了责任也就等于放弃了整个世界。”

是呀!只要我们留心，在生活的每个角落都有责任的体现。当你在教室打扫卫生的时候，你为班级的清洁负有责任;当你将易拉罐投入垃圾箱时，你在为社会负着责任;当你将自己的零用钱捐给环保基金会的时候，你是在为整个地球负着责任。我们所做的每一件事，似乎都是在承担责任。由此可见，做人要有责任感。

世界上成功的人更是有着极高的责任感。我国古代著名医学家李时珍为了了解“红果”的药效，居然自己吃了三次，险些被毒死，他当时就是抱着对医学研究的责任而工作的。化学家戴维在发现了七种化学元素后，本着对学术研究的责任感，又反复研究了两年，才将成果发表。鲁迅先生，抱着对革命的高度责任感，在白色恐怖下为共产党人保管、转移文稿……这些不都说明了责任对一个人是多么重要吗?

然而一个人若没有责任感，便会给社会、个人带来不幸。正因为某些人的不负责任，使美丽的彩虹桥转瞬之间化为一堆垃圾;正因为某些人的不负责任，使湛江海关成为走私的“天堂”，使国家蒙受了上亿元的损失。不负责任是多么可怕的事啊!

著名教育家蔡元培先生说过：“做人，要先负责。”21世纪的人们，让我们负起自己的责任吧!这样明天将会更美好!