5篇关于中国文化的英语作文带译文(推荐20篇)

在今天，一提及中国传统礼仪，大多数人并没有什么清晰概念，甚至则一位这种传统礼仪人化是过时的东西。因此，中国礼仪文化正在遭受着史无前例的以往与不屑。

然而，中华民族传统礼仪文化是中国人民几千年来处理人际关系的实践结晶，是人与人之间行为规范的准则。

杨时与他的学友游酢为求的正确答案一起去老师家请教。时值隆冬，天寒地冻，来到程家时，适逢先生坐在路旁打坐养神，杨时二人不敢惊动老师，就恭恭敬敬立在门外，等候先生醒来，过来良久，程一觉醒来，从窗口发现侍立在风雪中的杨时，只见她遍身披雪。脚下雪已有一尺多后了。此后，“程门立雪”的故事就成了尊师重道的千古美谈。

礼仪是律己，进人是一种规范，是表现了对他人的尊重。古人云“不学礼，无以立”文明礼仪不仅是个人素质、教养的体现，也是个人道德和社会公德的体现。

东汉黄香仅仅九岁，就懂得尊老爱幼，孝顺父母。在冬天严寒之时，就用自己的身体将父母的被子温暖后，再请父母安寝;在夏日炎热之际，则用扇子给父母扇凉驱蚊，以侍奉父母安寝。黄香温席是在中国传统孝之礼仪，孝顺父母，从小事做起。

近百年来，由于种种原因，一些优秀的伦理道德遭到不同程度的破坏。如今的人们已经有了较之过去更为雄厚的经济基础来孝敬老人，心已经没了，孝敬父母不是有心无力，而是有力无心。

唐朝贞观年间，西城回纶国是大唐的藩国，一次，回纶国为了表示对大唐的友好，派使者带一批珍宝见唐王，其中最珍贵的是白天鹅。途中，白天鹅不谨飞走，使者只拔下几根鹅毛，却没能抓住白天鹅，使者在担心害怕之余吧鹅毛献给了唐太宗，唐代宗并没有怪罪他，反而觉得他忠诚老实，不辱使命，从此，“千里送鹅毛，礼轻情意重”的故事干为流传开来。

中国传统礼仪，应是体现精神价值的生活方式，传录它可以使我们的礼仪化发扬光大。

传统礼仪毕竟是中国传续了几千年的血脉，若血脉堵塞，中国只能被称为是一个现代国，而不能称其为中国了。中国传统礼仪文化博大精深，它足以使国人和海外人引来容耀和自豪，它是中华民族重要的凝聚力，没有它，国人将迷失自我;没有它，中国便只剩下一个空壳。

纵观古今中外各国发展，世上没有一个民族失否定自身传统礼仪的，没有任何一个民族会认为自己的优秀的传统礼仪是过时的，有害的。而传来中国传统礼仪文化。是每个华夏儿女的责任，只有这样，我们才能无愧地大声说：“我是中国人!”

剪纸

中国是个古老的国家，传统文化更是源远流长，丰富多彩。有民间工艺陶瓷，民族艺术戏剧，国画，风俗习惯端午节赛龙舟，元宵节闹花灯等等，不过最值得一提的就是民间艺术剪纸了。

剪纸是中国的民间艺术瑰宝，是民间艺术的一朵奇葩，看了让人羡慕不已，啧啧称赞。剪纸的内容包含着浓浓的生活气息。鸟，虫，鱼，兽，花草树木亭桥风景。这些人们熟悉而又热爱的自然景观成了人们剪纸的花样。每逢过年过节或喜事临门，人们都要剪一些“福”、“喜”、“寿”等贴在窗户上，门上来表示庆贺。

瞧，这幅剪纸作品多有趣呀。一只穿着彩衣的小老鼠拖着一条长长的尾巴，他的眼睛滴溜溜地搜索着四面八方，生怕被人发现它在偷灯油。可是老天像和他作对似的，葫芦里的灯油全流到地上了，小老鼠以最快的速度，从灯台上跳下来趴在地上，伸出那利剑似的舌头贪婪的舔着地上的灯油，那滑稽的样子真是逗人喜爱!

剪纸艺人剪得十二生肖也是栩栩如生，惟妙惟肖。就连外国人也啧啧称奇，竖起大拇指一个劲的来夸赞。十二生肖被印成邮票飞到世界各地，让全世界的人都来认识中国博大精深的剪纸文化。

太精美了!它体现了民间艺人的心灵手巧，他是劳动人民聪明才智的展示，是民间传统文化的结晶。我也想像民间艺人一样剪出一副精美绝伦的剪纸作品，送给外国的小朋友，让他们了解中国的剪纸艺术，让剪纸成为中外文化交流的桥梁。

中国传统文化博大精深，有舞狮子、风筝、中国织绣……但我喜欢的却是其中的陶瓷。陶瓷可以分好几种，如日用陶瓷、卫生陶瓷、艺术陶瓷等等。我通过网上了解了一些陶瓷的制作过程，现在让我向大家介绍一下吧。 一、练土将泥土中的空气挤压出来。泥土中的气泡会令作品在烧制时爆裂 ，前功尽弃。二、成形 用手捏或拉坯等各种方法，做出心目中的形状。 三、泥坯装饰 如果你要为你的作品进行上泥釉、化妆土、剔花等装饰程序，就要在泥坯呈皮革干时进行。 四、风干 完成的作品在架上自然风干。一般一星期左右可以完全干燥。 五、素烧  将作品先进行900度左右的素烧。 六、上釉 素烧后就可以为作品上釉。 七、釉烧  将作品进行最后一个步骤——釉烧。一般在1100--1260度左右。 还记得，有一次爸爸带我去南宋官窑博物馆玩。南宋官窑博物馆不仅让我知道了许多关于陶瓷的知识，看到许多古代出土的陶瓷品，还让我亲身体验了一下陶瓷制作过程中的其中一项，那就是——成形。首先，走来了一位叔叔，他的手上拿着一块干巴巴的泥巴，然后那位叔叔走到了我的身边，教了我一些让泥巴成形的玩法和方法。可看看容易，做做难啊！叔叔手里的泥巴可乖了，但一到我手里就不听话了，我让它宽，它窄，但当我让它窄时，它却又宽，真不知道泥巴的心里是怎么想的。 中国传统文化数也数不清，每一种传统文化都有着许多许多的属于它的故事呢！

尊敬的各位游客你们好，我是今天的导游__，你们可以叫我__，也可以叫我__。今天我们来到我们的首都北京，今天我们要游览的是颐和园。游览时请大家自觉保持它的清洁。

首先我们来到颐和园最有名的长廊。看，绿漆的柱子，红漆的栏杆，多美呀!这条长廊有七百多米长，共有273间，你们信吗?每一间的横槛上都画这美丽的画，而且几千幅画没有那两副是一模一样。

我们现在来到的是万寿山。看到那个耸立在半山腰的八角宝塔形的三建筑啦吗，那就是佛香阁。房顶上方闪闪发光的是琉璃瓦。下面一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿就是排云殿啦。

现在我们已经在万寿山山顶了，这里是观看颐和园的最佳位置。正前方就是昆明湖啦，游人常说想一面镜子，像一块碧玉，你们是否有同感呢?下面我们一起去看看吧。

看，昆明湖很大，看到湖中心的小岛啦吗?走过这座小桥就可以去小岛上玩啦。这座石桥叫十七孔桥，这座石桥有三多，1多是桥洞多，2多是石柱多，3多是狮子多。这座石桥有上百根柱子，每根柱子上都雕刻着小狮子，每个小狮子姿态不一，没有那两只是相同的。

好现在我就先介绍到这里，大家自己在转转吧，1小时后我们还在这里回合，请大家遵守时间。

Stendhals "the red", wrote the young French in the story. Julien is a talented, ambitious, have self-esteem, also have a conscience. Many evaluation in even said to be blindly upwardly ambitious. But as I am concerned, I think they are ignored, is in the conscience. Or ignore the standing behind the story of the author to the spirit of thinking.

Even is aspirant. In even the ambitious expansion process is the story the surface is also the most direct clues. In Germany. Reinard holidays, to even think: "I must get in the woman body," "so if one day I success stories, I catch a tutor was accused of such low-down profession, I can tell him, it was love that brought me to this position." But even as a philosopher, his thinking about life, think of Paris, in his mind now is when the hero like napoleon!

On the means of characterization, stendhal used beyond contemporary writer and psychological depth of mining. A profound and exquisite style shows the hero heart enough space, widely used in the monologue and free association were dug up and various artistic techniques in even deeper conscious activity, and created the "stream of consciousness novels" future generations "psychological novel". "Is a" spirit of philosophy and poetry.

The title for people also caused a dispute, usually, people think the "red" in the title is a symbol of the Napoleonic era uniforms; "Black" restoring ancient ways is wang s monks in black. There are also people who believe that red is the blood of DE, the lady, black is martell mourning; The red is a symbol of bets on the red dot, a symbol and roulette game of life, etc. I think red can also represent in the pursuit of the meaning of life, and the black is mixed in the society in its interests to try very hard to travel, but I do not understand the real meaning of our existence condition!!!!

司汤达的《红与黑》，写的是法国青年于连的故事。于连是一个有才华，有野心，有自尊，也有良心的人。许多评价把于连说成是一味向上爬的野心家。但我个人而言，我觉得他们都忽略了一点，就是于连良心的一面。或者说忽略了站在故事背后的作者进行的精神思考。

于连确实是野心家。于连的野心膨胀过程是故事最表面也是最直接的线索。在德。雷纳尔放假，于连想：“我一定要在这个女人身上得手，”“那样如果有一天我发迹了，有人指责我赶过家庭教师这样下等的职业，我就可以告诉他，是爱情把我抛到这个职位上的。”但是于连也像一个哲学家，他思考人生，思考巴黎，在他的脑中挥之不去的是当像拿破仑般的英雄。

在人物塑造的手段上，司汤达使用了超出同时代作家所能及的心理深度的挖掘。以深刻细腻的笔调充分展示了主人公心灵空间，广泛运用了独白和自由联想等多种艺术手法挖掘出了于连深层意识的活动，并开创了后世“意识流小说”“心理小说”的先河。是一首“灵魂的哲学与诗”。

对于书名人们也引起了一番争论，通常，人们认为书名中的“红”是象征拿破仑时代的军服;“黑”是王政复古年代的僧侣黑衣。也有人认为，红是德·瑞那夫人的鲜血，黑是玛特尔的丧服;红与黑是象征赌盘上的黑点红点，而轮盘则象征人生的游戏等。我认为红色还可以象征于连的追求人生意义，而黑色就代表社会中形形色色为了自己的利益而拼命奔波，却不理解自己存在真正意义的生存状态吧!

欢迎同学们来到了历史悠久的大足石刻，这里的文物很多，大家排好队，我们要出发了。

我们看见了一座吊桥，两边的石杆，上面挂着许多锁，有爱心锁、平安锁、发财所……

大家来到博物馆，这个黑黑的石头脑袋，就是当年喜欢钱的农民，在一个深山里面发现了石像想拿去卖，但是很大很容易被发现，就把石头脑袋给弄了下来，警方得知，大范围的搜查。一些村民也知道了，帮助警方在七天内找到文物，并抓住了偷文物的小偷。

大家看到的正是当年挖出的千手观音，大约有一千多只手，千手观音眼睛微闭，每个手上都有一个小眼睛，有的手上拿着菩萨的水瓶子，有的拿着二郎神的宝剑，有的……金光闪闪，眼花缭乱。

大家来的是睡佛旁，神话里还说，是因为守护了大地的巨人，被儿女施法沉睡，化成石像，他的一只手放在腰上，一只手放在头下，前面还有保护他的几个村民，上面是施法的仙女，栏外的是个池塘，这条龙吐出来的水漫流在这个圆池里，不知道谁要流那儿。

短暂的一天结束了，这次游览不是让我们吃喝玩，而是让我们多看多了解历史文化知识。

概况：长城是中国也是世界上修建时间最长、工程量最大的一项古代防御工程。自公元前七八世纪开始，延续不断修筑了2000多年，分布于中国北部和中部的广大土地上，总计长度达50000多千米，被称之为“上下两千多年，纵横十万余里”。如此浩大的工程不仅在中国就是在世界上，也是绝无仅有的，因而在几百年前就与罗马斗兽场、比萨斜塔等列为中古世界七大奇迹之一。

长城修筑的历史：长城修筑的历史可上溯到公元前9世纪的西周时期，周王朝为了防御北方游牧民族俨狁的袭击。曾筑连续排列的城堡“列城”以作防御。到了公元前七八世纪，春秋战国时期列国诸侯为了相互争霸，互相防守，根据各自的防守需要，在自己的边境上修筑起长城，最早建筑的是公元前7世纪的楚长城，其后齐、韩、魏、赵、燕、秦、中山等大小诸侯国家都相继修筑长城以自卫。这时长城的特点是东、南、西、北方向各不相同，长度较短、从几百千米到l000～2000千米不等。

为了与后来秦始皇所修万里长城区别，史家称之为“先秦长城”。

在中国，最深广的文化，莫过于年文化了。

鞭炮、春联、扫巡、元宵等，这些都是祖先流传下来的最宝贵的年文化。

贴春联、放鞭炮放鞭炮、贴春联的由来是因为一种叫“年”的怪物。传说这种怪物特别凶猛，严冬到来时候的，年就来抢夺过冬的食物，有时还伤人。人们在战斗中了解到了年的弱点：一怕红色，二怕火光，三怕声响。于是人们一到严冬家家户户就在门口挂个桃红色木板，烧起木柴，敲锣打鼓，把年驱赶到别的地方。后来，就演变成铁春联，放鞭炮了。现在，人们贴春联、放鞭炮，则是寄予一种对未来的美好向往。

扫巡，是莆田人的传统。据说我们祖先曾经以船为家，过水上生活。每年岁末人们都要把所住的船打扫洗涤一遍，名曰“扫船”。后来虽移居岸上，筑屋而住，这一习俗却遗传了下来。因为莆田方言“船”与“巡”同音，逐渐变成扫巡，其实就是扫除的意思。一年到头，的确该进行一次大扫除。

这些习俗是祖先们传承下来的，我们应当好好继承和发扬光大。而现在，年文化遭受到空前的猛烈冲击。现在，人们对闯入生活的外来文化更有兴趣，不愿再遵循传统的繁缛习俗，现代人的观念与年文化的传统含义格格不入，各种习俗从年的活动中“撤退”。有一种说法，过年只剩下吃合家饭，看春节联欢晚会和拜年三项内容了。

[关于中国文化的小学作文

你们知道为什么过年要发压岁钱吗?不知道的就随我来看看。

在一回过年，外婆和舅舅要发压岁钱给妹妹，妹妹以为这是过年达人给的礼物。收不收都没关系，所以就不收，我就问舅舅为什么要收压岁钱?

舅舅说：“在很久就以前，民间有一种怪物叫‘岁’，‘岁’每年的大年三十夜晚都回来和小孩玩，如果‘岁’高兴的话就只会让小孩生一场病，如果‘岁’不高兴的话就会让小孩死亡。有一对夫妇晚年得子，所以这对夫妇非常爱护这个孩子，大年三十的这天夜晚，这对夫妇怕‘岁’来伤害这个孩子，就一直守在孩子身旁，到了深夜，夫妇也累了，就拿着几枚铜钱给孩子玩，夫妇就睡着了，到了第二天早晨，这对夫妇醒了，他们一看，以为‘岁’没来过，后来才得知，‘岁’已经来过了，在当天晚上，这对夫妇睡后，‘岁’就来了，‘岁’看到小孩手中的铜钱后，便见钱眼开，不再逗小孩玩，拿着钱走了。到了后来，发压岁钱给小孩辟邪成了民间习俗。”

我和妹妹听了这个故事后，妹妹赶忙收下压岁钱生怕‘岁’来找她，而我则知道了压岁钱的来历。

你们知道了压岁钱的来历了吗?

故宫令我难以忘怀，因为它实在是太壮观了!

在远处看它，雄伟壮观的古代宫殿就出现在我们的眼前，宛若一名雄壮的史诗令人心潮澎湃。好个气派的建筑!

刚进故宫气势憓弦的午门，美轮美奂的景色就映入眼帘：宽阔庄严的广场气势磅礴;洁白的玉石栏杆坚固而精美;精致的青石衬托着那光艳夺目的朱墙黄瓦。这些屋檐高低起伏，错落有致。在每间房梁上，雕梁画栋，各式各样的神兽摆着奇特的姿势：有蹲着的凶猛无比的黄虎，有站着的威风凛凛的青狮，有正在跳跃的伶俐可爱的天马，也有卧着的淑女般的凤凰……每一个都独一无二。十多米高的红墙和柱子上，刻着两条回旋盘绕、栩栩如生的龙。我仿佛看见两条龙左一爪，右一咬，还发出凶猛的吼叫声。有一条龙被咬伤了，不服气，反扑过去，把对手的头按在爪下，紧紧咬住了它的脖子，顿时流出了殷红的血……

宫殿外的花园阳光明媚。地上草如茵，天上雾如烟。一棵棵青树像碧绿的翡翠，一朵朵白花像一块块白玉;千朵万多的桃花，舞动着绮丽的朝霞，随着风飘啊飘……

这样的景色，让我回忆起了一句诗：凤阁龙楼连霄汉，玉树琼枝作烟萝。我认为是最合适不过的了!

翻译、研究和传播从来都不是单方面的努力能够完成的。中国文化不仅属于中国人，中国文化的传播也不仅是中国人的事。

中国文化研究和传播平台陆续出现，国际化的研究团队也渐成为趋势，成为中国文化传播的有生力量。

中国出版科学研究所对欧美较有影响的中国主题图书作了一项调查,结果发现：这些中国主题图书的作者,多是外籍人士，这意味着，在西方传播中国文化的，其实往往并非中国人。

这不难理解。外国人的翻译、研究和介绍，更容易为其所在的社会所接受，产生广泛而深刻的影响，这不但得益于他们语言和文化优势，同样得益于他们的文化身份和话语公信力。

1937年卢沟桥事变发生后三个月，美国人埃德加·斯诺的《红星照耀中国》在英国出版，向全世界真实报道了中国和中国工农红军，让世界看到了这片古老而沉重的土地上蓬勃的生命力。斯诺的同胞费正清，其中国研究影响了西方学界乃至西方社会对中国的态度，成为西方社会的主流观念，从而深刻影响了美国对华政策的制定。

在中国文化的海外传播中，我们既需要呼吁培养像杨宪益那样大师级的文学翻译家，但是，又绝不能仅依赖于此，某种程度上说，汉学家可能更为重要。

然而，对于古老博大的中国文化而言，目前这样的汉学巨擘显得少之又少，中国文化的海外传播仍然显得有些局促和边缘。

汉学家越来越少了

在不久前的2009世界汉学大会上，会场里的一幕给记者留下了极深的印象：来自世界各地的70多位汉学家，白发苍髯者占了多数，年轻学者则屈指可数。

这种印象频频得到印证。在德国学习工作过多年的方维规教授感慨道，近年来，欧洲学汉语的人越来越多，但大部分人是想同中国做生意。研究中国文学和文化的人却越来越少，而研究中国现当代文化的学者则凤毛麟角。

眼看着同事纷纷转行，德国汉学家顾彬近年来深深地感到自己所在领域的冷清。在他开始写作《二十世纪中国文学史》的过程中，周围的很多人都劝他放弃，在这种情况下，他仍然主持编写了皇皇十卷本的《中国文学史》，有人甚至说，这也许是座学术“孤峰”。

瑞典汉学家施舟人对这种现象也颇有同感。他分析指出，“要达到一定的汉学水平，需要经过很多年的培训，如今西方的大学不再鼓励这种长期性的学术研究，甚至力图把它淘汰。即使是欧美的老牌大学，也尽量削减基础研究经费，转向时尚的管理与服务专业。这样，新的汉学传人很难造就，汉学这个规模不大但在世界文化交流中曾有过很大作用的专业也很难继续存在。但愿这个不幸的结果不至于出现，这是许多老一代汉学家的希望。”

国际化团队日益受重视

上个世纪七八十年代，中国学者饶宗颐在法国高等研究院做访问学者，恰逢法国政府出资筹备一个规模宏大的世界文化经典翻译项目。饶宗颐看到目录里的中国典籍只有《红楼梦》、《三国演义》时，年过六十的老人竟然落了泪：“我们完了，没有人知道我们的文化源头是‘五经’。”

这一幕触动了在场的施舟人。30多年后，施舟人成为中国国家汉办“‘五经’国际研究与翻译项目”的主持人，这个项目聘请了15个国家和地区的42位相关领域的杰出学者，计划在3 年半内首先推出英译本，其后将组织法语、德语、西班牙语、俄语、阿拉伯语等其他8 个语种的翻译。

与西方汉学研究的“釜底抽薪”形成鲜明对照的是，为了推动中国文化的海外传播，国际化的研究平台在中国得到越来越多的重视。北京师范大学文学院与美国俄克拉荷马大学孔子学院合作的“中国文学海外传播工程”最近获得立项。该项目将推出“今日中国文学”英译丛书，同时在美国出版《今日中国文学》英文学术杂志。在这个项目团队中，资深的美国翻译家将成为重要的成员，而热爱中国文化的美国青年学者也将勇挑重担。

对青年汉学家的培养和支持在中国得到越来越多的重视。北京大学、北京师范大学、福州大学等多所高校成立了青年汉学家研修基地、国际汉语推广中心和师资培训中心，而这些项目无疑为青年汉学家的学术成长和研究工作提供了更大的平台、更多的资源。

越来越多的中国人意识到，翻译、研究和传播从来都不是单方面的努力能够完成的，中国文化不仅属于中国人，中国文化的传播也不仅是中国人的事。中国文化研究和传播平台陆续出现，国际化的研究团队也渐成趋势，成为中国文化传播的有生力量。

文化高度决定传播效果

如何促成汉学传人的培养呢？

施舟人表示，世界各地学中文的人虽多，但中文教学主要强调会话，大多数人的中国知识水平还有限，尤其对文言文掌握不够。学习中国文化必须具备良好的古文基础，翻译中文典籍更是如此。

作为传播主体的汉学家，仅有优越的客观条件还远远不够，顾彬用他自己的经验说明了这个道理。如果不是在青年时代偶然读到庞德翻译的李白《送孟浩然之广陵》，他也许不会迷恋上中国文学，也就不会有现在的汉学家顾彬。“40年来，我把爱奉献给了中国文学。”在近著序言中，顾彬写道。这句话并非煽情：心中没有持久的爱，谁会四十年如一日地坐冷板凳，研究中国文学这一德国大学的冷门学问？

施舟人认为，西方人研究和传播中国文化，源于对中华文明的兴趣，是人文因素而非经济因素。同时，中国文化的传播也是世界文明的需要：“文化也如同生命物种，只有保存不同的文化基因，只有多重文化互相交流融合，才更有生命力，才能永远充满活力。”

一位中国专家表示，中国文化传播的效果不仅取决于传播的手段，它归根结底取决于我们文化自身所能达到的高度，取决于我们文化对于中国人乃至整个人类的价值，否则，我们的文化传播，就可能在“传播什么”上迷失。

[中国文化的传播优秀作文

American citizens emphasize on achievements and respect heroes.They have great sense in their hearts to praise success and heroes.Personal achievements are one of those with the highest value in Americans mind.Americans have very strong senses of success.Success is the pursuit of most Americans,it is their attractive future and the incentives for moving forward.They believe that ones personal value is equivalent to his achievements in his career.Some high achievers in their career such as entrepreneurs,scientists,artists and all kinds of super starts became modern heroes.The process and result of how they strived have become the frame of reference of social culture value and the real life text book for parents to educate their children.

plants seem to know which way is up and which way is down; besides, they seem to know right from left. if a cutting from a tree is kept alive, new shoots will grow from the end that grew in the highest part of the tree.

there is no noticeable difference between the top and the bottom of the living stick, even under a microscope. even so, the stick will not send out shoots from the end it regards as bottom even if this end happens to be on top!

scientists studying this subject further split their cuttings in the direction of length.

to their surprise, they made another new discovery. a good many more buds grew on the righthand side of the split surface than on the left. they split the sticks again and found that the buds again grew on the right side.

the results of the entire study showed a 60% choice for the right side, proving that growing plants are mostly "righthanded.”

植物似乎知道哪条路是向上的，而且它的方式是下降；此外，他们似乎知道从左。如果从一棵树上砍下一棵树，新的枝条将从生长在树的最高部分的末端生长。

即使在显微镜下，活杆的顶部和底部也没有明显的区别。即使如此，棍子也不会发出芽从年底它作为底部，即使这样的结局发生在顶部！

研究这个课题的科学家在长度方向上进一步分裂他们的岩屑。

让他们惊讶的是，他们发现了另一个新发现。一个好的许多芽长在剖分面右边比左边。他们又把树枝劈了，发现右边的芽又长了。

这项研究的结果表明，右侧为60%选择，证明了植物生长的大部分是“右手”。

百善孝为先，孝敬父母长辈是中华民族的传统美德。最近，我学习和观看了《二十四孝故事》。我被故事里孝子们的行为深深的感动了，其中《孝感动天》的故事更是给我留下了深刻的印象。《孝感动天》主要讲的内容是这样的。

古时候，有一个人叫舜，他的母亲很早的时候就去世了。父亲又给他娶了一个后母，后母生了一个儿子叫象。父亲一直听后母和象的话，经常打他、骂他，让他做很多的脏活、累活。但舜从无怨言。当时的皇上想要找继承人，问大臣们有没有好的人选。有位大臣向皇上推荐了舜，说他是一个有名的孝子。于是皇上召见了舜并把他的两个女儿嫁给了舜，还送给舜好多的粮食。舜回到家后，弟弟象很嫉妒他。就和父亲母亲商量想要杀了舜。舜的妻子听见了连忙告诉了舜。舜听了后说我会注意的。

有一天，父亲对舜说。我年纪大了，行动不方便。粮仓上面破了个洞，你上去修修吧。孝顺的舜二话不说就爬到粮仓上去修补。突然，舜感觉不对劲，一看粮仓着火了。他冷静的拿出两个斗笠，戴到胳膊上，从粮仓上跳了下来。原来，是他的弟弟象用火点燃了粮仓想要烧死他。还有一次，父亲让舜去挖井。等舜挖到很深的时候，父亲和象就往井里填土，想要把舜埋到井里。聪明的舜早有准备，从自己提前挖好的地道逃回了家。善良孝顺的舜并没有因此记恨和报复他的父母兄弟，而是默默地忍受下了这一切。他的行为连上天都被感动了，皇上也把皇位传给了舜。

在这个故事里我看到了舜的善良、机智、以孝为先的优良品德。也被他高尚的品德深深的打动和吸引。我要以舜为榜样，以后好好的孝敬父母长辈，做一个善良的人。

京剧是我国的国粹,是我国深厚文化底蕴的杰出代表,它大致分为“生、旦、净、丑”四大角色。

我和京剧结缘还有一段故事。

在一年级一个偶然的机会，我参加了学校京剧社，每个星期参加两次排练。一开始，我觉得学京剧有一点枯燥，总是反反复复练同一句话。这时有的同学也劝我不要学京剧，有空陪他们一起玩，于是我的心里打起了退堂鼓。爸爸知道这个情况后，劝我不要放弃，坚持好好地学下去。听了爸爸的话，我没有放弃，坚持参加排练。

经过自己的努力和京剧社老师的帮助及鼓励；我进步很快，唱京剧也更有信心了。如今我已经是学校京剧团的主要小演员啦，还经常代表学校参加各种演出。几年下来，我学会了很多京剧唱段如：霸王别姬、贵妃醉酒、花田错等；熟练掌握了京剧“舞长水袖”的动作要领；学会了“天女散花”“红灯记”等经典剧目。

京剧给我带来了快乐、自信。希望京剧伴我一起成长，更希望京剧在更多学校发扬广大，有更多的同学来唱京剧，来热爱京剧。

TheDragonBoatFestivaloccurs on the fifth day of the fifth moon of the lunar calendar(阴历). It is one of the three most important of the annual Chinese festivals. The other two are the Autumn Moon Festival and Chinese New Year.

The story of this colorful festival concerns a famous Chinese scholar-statesman(政治家) named Chu Yuan(屈原) who, some three centuries before the birth of Christ, served the King of Chu(楚怀王)during the Warring States period. As a loyal minister(大臣), Chu Yuan at first enjoyed the full confidence and respect of his sovereign(君主). Eventually, through the intrigues of his rivals, he was discredited(不足信的, 不名誉的).

Chu Yuan was never able to regain(恢复) the emperors favor and on the fifth day of the fifth moon in the year 295 B.C.(Before Christ), at the age of 37, Chu Yuan clasped a stone to his chest and plunged into the Milo River(汨罗江) in the Hunan Province(湖南省).

Respecting the minister as an upright(正直的) and honest man, the people who lived in the area jumped into their boats and rushed out in a vain search for him. This unsuccessful rescue attempt is a part of what the Dragon Boat Festival commemorates every year.

Probably the most exciting and interesting aspect of the festival is the racing of the Dragon Boats. These races not only symbolize the peoples attempt to save Chu Yuan, they also demonstrate the Chinese virtues(美德) of cooperation and teamwork.

Another activity of the Festival is the making and eating of a kind of dumpling called Tzungtzu (粽子). When it became known that Chu Yuan was gone forever, the people, living along the river, threw cooked rice into the water as a sacrifice(祭品) to their dead hero. They wrapped(包) rice in bamboo leaves(粽叶), and stuffed(填满) it with ham, beans, bean paste(豆沙), salted egg yokes, sausages, nuts, and/or vegetables.

To the Chinese the fifth lunar moon is more than just the Dragon Boat Festival. Since antiquity(古代), they have believed that this month is a pestilential and danger-fraught(瘟疫的及充满危险的) period. Children born in this month are said to be difficult to raise(抚养), and people tend to concentrate their efforts during this time attempting to protect their families from ills and misfortune. The day of the Dragon Boat Festival is customarily the time when cleaning and sanitation(卫生) are stressed(着重, 强调). Most families hang calamus(菖蒲) and artemisia(艾草) above their doors, both as a decoration and as a preventive against pestilence.

Ancient folk medicines(民间药物) such as realgar(雄黄酒)are added to the food eaten on the Festival day. This is believed to prevent disease and to promote a healthy digestive system(消化器官). The drinking of realgar in wine supposedly relieves(解除) the effects of poisons accumulated in human bodies.

The sachets (Hsiang Pao in Chinese香包) are very popular with children and they vie(竞争) with each other to collect as many as possible. Children are not the only ones who collect Hsiang Pao. Older people are often given them as a symbol of respect, and they are highly prized because of the intricate(复杂的) and beautiful embroidery(刺绣) that adorns(装饰) them.

The Dragon Boat Festival is an entertaining and enjoyable event. It gives the observer an opportunity to glimpse a part of the rich Chinese cultural heritage

1、Its Chinese name "Qing Ming" literally means "Clear Brightness," hinting at its importance as a celebration of Spring. Similar to the spring festivals of other cultures, Tomb Sweeping Day celebrates the rebirth of nature, while marking the beginning of the planting season and other

outdoor activities.

The Spring Festival is our Chinese nation from ancient to modern times, the

most cautious Chinese traditional festival, during the Spring Festival time,

always waiting for the one family reunion together, talking about the years

harvest, for the New Year filled the bright vision. The children enjoy the

tightened and joyful holidays.

Watch the Spring Festival is coming, this years mother had said but

antithetical couplet, let me down, a few family, it is not a "project" ah, ha

ha. Two days before the Spring Festival, I began to get busy, small

"calligrapher" to start the project, through my huihaopomo, less than half of

the martial arts, home with the red antithetical couplet, "by mountains and

rivers show signs, ushered in the" spring "; drop thousands of monforts million

flowers, Huan, script the script, a piece of art was born, watching the house

full of Spring Festival couplets, mom repeatedly praise not shut up.

Thirty in the morning, I and mom posted antithetical couplet window

Ronaldo, look at my work on the door, red, a new sub population; we took the

mother to the hometown of antithetical couplet posted on my hung Wen, see the

two father, repeatedly said good, a grandfather of the past grace. At that time

I grandfather calligraphy is quite a New Year couplets, all relatives, the house

is filled with grandpa wrote. The subsequent to the lady home, home to the lady

on the wall, see my work has been useless, I really felt flattered.

This year the Spring Festival, two aunt aunt, our three family members

accompany lady together; of the Spring Festival last year, we raised the glass,

not a firecracker loud, not a fireworks shine, but in the beautiful blessing of

new years day, the night is so calm and peaceful. 20---- I had a special spring

festival.

中国传统扇文化有着深厚的文化底蕴，是中华民族文化的一个集成部分，它与竹文化、道教文化、儒家文化有着密切关系。历来中国有"制扇王国"之称。

在夏天，热了就打开空调、吹风扇。使我想起了一年夏天，在参观故宫时满头大汗。我的心中产生了疑问，故宫中生活的皇帝和皇后怎么乘凉呢？

在“宫中好乘凉”的活动中，故宫老师为我们解答了一下。原来故宫四周有护城河，围绕着故宫四周。在古代他们会把窗户打开，让风吹进来叫做支窗，他们也会穿凉快的衣服，喝茶解暑……

让我印象最深的是：他们使用扇子扇风，有中国人发明的圆扇和团扇。也有古代少见的折扇，为什么在古代时期折扇很少呢？因为折扇是日本人发明的，起初先传到朝鲜，再传到中国。

说了这么多，终于到了激动人心的时刻，我们一起在圆扇上画兰花。大家画的兰花颜色各不同，有的画蓝色的、有的画红色的、而我我画的是粉色的花瓣，刚开始大家都在报纸上练习画兰花，练好画兰花后，大家都开始在自己的扇子上画兰花。

手里拿着自己亲自制作的扇子扇风，感觉好凉快！仿佛回到了古代，体会到了古代人在宫中乘凉好方法，扇子代表着古代的历史而且环保……

The difference between chinese and western culture

With the rapidly challging word, people throughout the world have found it increasingly necessary to minimize the rate of misunderstanding due to miscommunication in their contacts with another. In the oast most human beings were born, lived, and died within a limited geoographical area, never encountering people of other cultural backgrounds. It might be said that technological advances have been most effective in creating the borderless word, the global community. As our world shrinks and its inhabitants become interdependent, people from remot cultures increasingly come into contact on a daily basis. It is no longer hard to find situations in which membes of ince isolared groups of people. Now these people may live thousands of miles away or right next door to each other. So all the people are faced with the challenge of understand this world. So when the east meet west, there are many problems. Some problems are listed as follows.

First of all, the way of eating. All huaman beings have certain basic needs. Our fundamental needs for things that keep us alive. This is the physioligical need. All individuals must eat in order to survive. But what people eat, when they eat, and the manners in which they eat are all patterned by culture. No society views everything in its environment that is edible and might provide nurishment as food. Americans eat oysters but not snail. The French eat snails but not locusts. The Jews eat fish but not pork. The Hindus eat pork but not beef. The Russiand eat beef but not snake. We all have ideas about what kinds of food are good to eat. We also have ideas about what kinds of food are bad to eat. As a result, people from one culture often think the food that people from another culture eat are disgusting or nauseating. Dislike is not the only reason why some culture will not eat a certain food. In some clture, certain foods are taboo. Sometimes the food taboos may be so strong thrat just the thought of eating forbidden foods can cause an indivdual to feel ill. We can also find culture difference in way of bring up children treating the early, greeting each other, saying and spending money before other people do in everyday, but in some English-speaking countries, people do not agree with us. We chinese may enjoy something that is not usually consider as edible by the English-speaking people. Generally we perfer to have thing hot and much emphasis on the taste. We eat from one plate when we are eating with others, and we like to seat one by one, and in the shape of a round. On the opposite, some English-speaking contries, most of the people like to seat in two rows, two people face to face. They have their own plate. On the aspect of table manners, there are many differences between chinese and English-speaking people. For example, in some Englishi-speaking countries, Bread plates are to the left of the main plate, beverage glasses are to the right. Salad fork, knife and soup spoon are further from the

main plate than the main course knife, fork and spoon. When eating bread rolls, break off a piece before buttering. Use the knife only to butter the bread, not to cut it. They should not start eating before your host does or instructs to do so. At larger meals, it is considered okay to start eating once others have been served. When finished, place the knife and fork together at five o’clock with the fork on the left. It is considered rude to answer the telephone at the table. If need to take an urgent call, excuse self and go outside. Try to eat all the food you are served. But in China, the table manners are different. Chinese traditionally eat rice from a small bowl held in the left hand. The rice bowl is raised to the mouth and the rice pushed into the mouth using the chopsticks. Some Chinese find it offensive to scoop rice from the bowl using a spoon. If rice is served on a plate, as is more common in the West, it is acceptable and more practical to eat it with a fork or spoon. The thumb must always be above the edge of the bowl. The host should always make sure the guests drinks are sufficiently full. One should not pour for ones self, but should offer to pour for a neighbor. When your drink is being poured, you should say "thank you" and tap fingers on the table to show appreciation. When people wish to clink drinks together in the form of a cheer, it is important to observe that younger members should clink the edge of their drink below the edge of an elder to show respect.

Secondly, the way of communication. Form birth to death, communication plays an integral part in our life. There are some language problems, including the different styles of using language such as direct, indirect; expansive, succinct; argumentative, conciliatory; instrumental, harmonnizing; and so on. These different styles can lead to wrong interpretations of intent and evaluation of insincerity, aggreeiveness, deviousness, or arrogance, among other. The misinterpretation nonverbal signs and symbols such as gestures, postures, and other body movements. It is a definite communication barrier. But it is possible to learn the meanings of these observable message,usually in informal rather ways. It is more difficult to understand the less obvious unspoken codes of the other cultures. Language, as the carrier of culture, is created during the process of human beings’ productive labor and serves as the tool of communication to convey the message between people. However, it has been endowed with magic and power in particular language acts. As the old saying goes, troubles come out of the tongue. Superstitious people think that the language itself can bring about fortune or misfortune so that taboos to restrict the use of language are created. Anyone who violates them will get punishment, whereas those who faithfully obey the restrictions of language taboo will get protection. Furthermore, linguistic taboos change with the development of society .The paper firstly analyzes the evolution of linguistic taboo. It is indicated in the paper that linguistic taboo exists in almost every aspect of people’s life and is a universal social phenomenon in China and Britain. Both Chinese and

English cultures are in agreement about linguistic taboos such as pronunciation taboo, and vocabulary taboo. However, influenced by different cultural backgrounds, ideologies and the concepts of value, Chinese and English linguistic taboos also have differences, as is discussed in the paper from the aspects of taboo subjects, taboo numbers and names. At last, this paper puts forward two effective ways of avoiding taboo, that is, using euphemism and having a good knowledge of the taboo culture. And this discussion would help English learners improve their ability of cross-cultural communication and achieve better communicational effects. For example, During the feudal times, people were not equal to the rulers and were suppressed by their superiors. The distinction between the upper and the lower classes was also reflected in the evaluation of the language used by them respectively. The words of upper class used were considered good and elegant while those used by the lower class were regarded as vulgar and indecent and should be avoided in the speech of ladies and gentlemen. In modern society, as a result of the development of science and technology, many natural phenomena are no longer mysterious. Human beings not only constantly improve their abilities to exploit the world where they are living through their great wisdom and knowledge, but also make efforts to explore the extraterrestrial world. Science has much more say in today’s society. Thereby, the superstitious elements in linguistic taboos decrease while those reflecting spiritual civilization increase.

In short, by comparison, we can find that both Chinese and English communication reflect people’s psychology for good will, for safety and fortune and pleasantness. The Chinese and English people restrict their words and deeds through taboos, trying to keep a harmonious relationship between human and nature, or between people and society. They are a reflection of people’s pursuit of freedom and equality.

The most important, the different way of family structure, family values and family education. Family structure is the big difference between east and west, traditional chinese, amony many other Asians, repect their elders and feel a deep sense of duty toward them. Children repay their parents` sacrifices by being successful and supporting them in old age. This is accepted as a natural part of life in China. In contrast, taking care of aged parents is often viewed as a tremendous burden in the English-speaking countries, where aging and family support are not honored highly. In some English-speaking countries are still extrmely family-oriented. They are dedicated to helping their children and will sacrifice greatly for their children to get an edcuation. In turn, the children are devoted to their parents, who often live nearby. Grown children who go away and leave the country for the economic reasons typically send large parts of their salary home to their parents and the rest of the family. Or in some Asia, any decisions or actions are done from family consideration, not individual desires. Peope`s behavior is judged on whether it

brings shame or pride to the family. The children are trained to rely on their families, to honor elderly people, and to fear foreigners. And many of them think that their actions in this life will influence their status in the next life.

The way of family edcation is also the different. We all know the family education is the elementary education for children. Many serious problems have appeared in our education system in recent years. Almost everyone has realized the importance of solving these problems and many people have presented a lot of valuable suggestions. There are many types of family education in the world and each of them shows distinctive features and is closely responsive to its culture. And American family education is the most famous one among them. There are great differences in the concepts of education, methods of education and results of education between East family education and West family education. In some English-speaking countries, parents’ aims are to train their children to have the ability of adapting to environmental variety and the ability of living independently. Based on this concept, most American parents emphasize more to train their children’s ability of independence once they are born. They generally believe that children’s growth must rely on their own experiences, because they think that children should form a self-supporting will and the capacity to live independently since their childhood. And the capacity comes from the training in the early age. The so-called training contains many aspects, such as work, temper will, patience, the spirit of hard work, etc. However, the most fundamental training is the ability of adapting to hard conditions. Through the process of work, children will form the labor sense, learn some work skills and form a habit of labor. Besides, children can learn how to overcome difficulties, temper their willpower, develop their talents and skills, rich their knowledge, and form a habit of hard work and thrifty by working in hard conditions. It is just in the unconsciously process that children will obtain the independent survivability and take the responsibilities for the society. Compared with some English-speaking countries, Chinese parents have a very different concept of children’s education. Some parents in China only care about whether the children have a promising future, a good job, a good life or not. Based on these expectations, the majority of parents feel that their responsibility for their children is to create as good conditions as possible they can so that the children will not worry about anything in the future. Chinese parents would like to provide everything what they can for their children in the process of children’s growth. In short, they would like to sacrifice anything if their children can live better with their help. Therefore, in the process of children’s growth, the most important thing the parents concerning is to developing their children’s intellect, except for caring children’s daily life. In order to make their children have a good performance in study, become outstanding, or even become a famous person in the future, they would not let children do anything except studying. As for the children’s independence, civic awareness and their ability adapting to the

society in the future, they consider little or not at all. From these aspects we can find the obvious differences of family education between America and China.

When we faced with those difference between West and East, we should give some advice to solve these problems. According to the three big difference that pointed, we should find some way to deal with these problems.

We can study other languages and learn to expect in nonvwebal forms and other cultural aspects. We can train ourselves to meet intercultural encounters with more attention to situation details. We can use an investigative approach rather than stereotypes and preconceptions. We can gradually expose ourselves to differences so that they become less threatening. We can even learn to lower our tension level when needed to advoid triggering defensive reactions. The overall goal should be to achieve intercultural communication competence.

So the ideal solution to reduce the problems are to share knowledge with others in communication. This is why it is easiest to communicate with other members of the same group. This is why people so often gather together socially with others who are very much like them. Since intercultural communication is communication with members of different cultual groups, and therefore, because we do not share knowledge, assumptions, values, and forms of discourse with them, we must expect there to be problems of interpretation. We must look for these problems, anticipate where they will arise out of our differences, and then plan our aommunications to be as effective as possible.

However, we have to remember that, most of the time, the different ways that are the customs of dfferent cultures are neither right nor wrong. It is simply that different people do the same tings in different manners, even though we can not understand ,we should show the respect. I believe this is the best way to make our life become more comfortable and make the world more harmonious.

中华民族的悠久文化博大精深，文化的繁荣带动着经济的强盛。弘扬文化加以发扬光大，文化的复兴，将会是和谐社会，和谐世界。

慢慢长河，悠悠历史，不见了古罗马，不见了古埃及，不见了古印度，不见了许多让人向往的古代文明与文化，但中国文化的血脉却源远流长，中华民族以它亘古常青对着世人微笑，但与此同时，在日新月异的文化发展的同时，一些包装艳丽的伪文化也出现在了我们的眼前。

随着科技的发展，中西方文化交流日益密切，“黄色文化”也因为通过各种途径传播开来了，我们应在这个时候擦亮双眼，识别伪文化，并通过合法途径切除“黄色文化”的根本问题，青少年正处于身心发育期间，应正确对待这些问题。“扫黄”工作的大力开展，社会将更加和谐；乡村的迷信也渐渐成为一种文化，大家抱着“宁可信其有，不可信其无”的心态去相信那些所谓的“神医”，因此相信“神医”的旁门左道对健康也造成了很大的危害……我们应从自身做起，从根源上消除“伪文化”。

在识别“伪文化”的同时，也要弘扬“真文化”。杨万里曾说过“春风解恼诗人鼻，非叶非花自是香。”也知道苏轼的“何须魏帝一丸药，且尽卢仝大碗茶。”由此可见，茶文化的源远流长，也蕴含着深深的文化底蕴。同时茶对人的健康也是显而易见的，《神农本草经》记载，神农尝草，日遇七十毒，得茶而解。当然，茶文化不止这些，中国的文化剪纸、京剧脸谱、中国书法和中国结等等文化的发展，必将把中国推向繁荣，使中国文化更加深入人心，成为中华民族特有的符号。文化之于民族，就像水之于生命，蔚蓝之于大海一样！

作为中国文化的传承者，有义务好好继承和发扬本民族优秀的传统文化，对于那些并未了解的真文化，应丢弃戒备之心，接纳和吸收净胜，摒除“伪文化”，不让它玷污中国特色文化，让中国的文化不间断，一代一代的传承下去。

Given is a table which clearly illustrates the striking trend of aged population in China from 1990 to 2050. During the first 22 years, the number of people aged 60 and above ascended slightly from 97.19 to 136 million, and since 2012 it is predicted that this number will surge remarkably, reaching 410 million in 2050. Meanwhile, the proportion of aged citizens revealed and will reveal the similar trend, and it will reach 27.4% in total population.

Such a scenario can be naturally associated with various problems in aged society. For one thing, aged society is best characterized by the more burden for youngsters to support parents, which will enable younger generation to work harder. For another, compared with the past and today, the aged citizens will play a more important role in society. A case in point is their age for retiring will be extended. Therefore, a larger proportion of senior citizens have to take more responsibilities in work, family and society.

Accordingly, it is advisable for Chinese government to focus more eyesight on the coming challenges in the forthcoming future. Meanwhile, it is essential for China to work out comprehensive strategies to strengthen its social welfare to reduce young people’s stress.

Such a scenario can be naturally associated with various problems in aged society, but what resulted in this change above? For one thing, the past 30 years was best characterized by the policy of Family Plan in China, which enabled a host of families to have only one kid and enabled the proportion of youngsters to decline. For another, compared with the past, medical care and quality of life is and will be better; therefore, a larger proportion of people live longer. Consequently, the percentage of aged people showed and will show a trend of rise.