英语论文摘要格式规范标准【汇编20篇】

Halloween

Halloween is an autumn holiday that Americans celebrate every year. It means "holy evening," and it comes every October 31, the evening before All Saints Day. However, it is not really a church holiday, it is a holiday for children mainly.

Every autumn, when the vegetables are ready to eat, children pick large orange pumpkins. Then they cut faces in the pumpkins and put a burning candle inside. It looks as if there were a person looking out of the pumpkin! These lights are called jack-o-lanterns, which means "Jack of the lantern".

The children also put on strange masks and frightening costumes every Halloween. Some children paint their faces to look like monsters. Then they carry boxes or bags from house to house. Every time they come to a new house, they say,"Trick or treat! Money or eat!" The grown-ups put treat-money or candy in their bags.

Not only children, but most grown-ups also love Halloween and Halloween parties because on this day,they can disguise themselves as personages or ghost as their imaginations will lead them. This bring them the satisfaction of being young.

万圣节前夕

万圣节前夕是美国人年年都会庆祝的秋季节日。它的意思是“神圣的夜晚”，在每年的10月31日，也就是万圣节前夜。但实际上这不是一个真正的宗教节日，而主要是孩子们的节日。

每年秋天蔬菜成熟可以食用的时候，孩子们就会挑出大个儿的橙色南瓜。然后在南瓜上刻上一张脸，把一根点燃的蜡烛放在里面。看起来就好像有人在向南瓜外面张望。这些灯就叫做“iack-o-lantems”，意思也就是“杰克的灯”。

每年万圣节前夕孩子们还戴上奇怪的面具，穿上吓人的服装。有些孩子把脸刷成怪物。然后他们拿着盒子或袋子挨家挨户串门。每来到一个新房子他们就说：“不款待就捣乱!给钱还是吃的!”大人们就会把用来招待的钱或糖放在他们的袋子里了。

不仅孩子，许多成年人也喜欢万圣节前夕和万圣节前夕晚会。因为这一天他们可以根据自己的想象把自己装扮成名流或幽灵。这会带给他们年轻的快感。

When we are children, there are lots of people ask about our dreams, and

our answers most are doctors, policemen, teachers etc. But when we grow up, we

have to face the reality, not everyone would realize childhood dreams, and some

of these dreams even are unrealistic which will never be able to achieve.

Therefore, we need correctly treat the relationship between dream and

reality.

First of all, dream is the spiritual power to encourage people progress.

Napoleon once said: “He is a bad soldier who doesnt dream of becoming a

general”. In the process of growing up, we must want to give up our purpose when

encounter difficulties, and at the moment, dreams would be the power for us to

insist on.

Second, reality is a reflection of the real environment. Many people think

dream is heaven, and reality is hell, but in my opinion, reality is a

double-edged sword which makes us keep a sense of crisis. When young people

addicted to the unpractical dreams, reality would awaken them which would avoid

them make wrong judgment.

In my opinion, both dream and reality are important, young people cant

ignore one of them. The most critical thing in life is using positive attitude

to face the constantly changing society, and strive to cultivate interests,

which will be easier to succeed.

The new term is coming and I will be carefully . Because I will learn more

konwlege .

I will listen carefully in class . I will do more sports , such as running

, volleyball . Sports are really interesting . I will read more English books to

improve my English . I will solve more difficult maths problems and be

interested in them . English is important and I will spend more time on it . I

will get up early . I will read book loudly everyday .

Mothers Day is a celebration honoring mothers and celebrating

motherhood,maternal bonds and the influence of mothers in society.Its a day to

showthanks to mothers.This festival first appeared in ancient Greece and

modernMothers Day originated in the United States which usually falls on the

secondSunday of May each year.Mothers usually receive gifts on this day

andcarnation is regarded as the flower for mother.In China, the flower formother

is day lily，also known as Nepenthe(忘忧草).In addition, cleaning upthe room, doing

housework and a big dinner are considered to be the bestMothers Day gifts.

Some think we should try to help strangers. Helping others is a virtue，and

helping others is helping ourselves.We may come across some trouble and need

others help some day.If everyone isnt willing to help us just because we are

strangers to them，its hard to imagine what our world will be like.However，some

are afraid that helping others can sometimes bring us trouble.Sometimes we are

just misunderstood and even have to pay the cost of kindness.In my opinion，we

should try our best to help others when they are in need of help，but we should

also protect ourselves from getting into trouble.If everyone tries a little

kindness，our world will be full of love.

As it is known to us, Ping An was chosen to perform on the CCTV Spring

Festival Gala with his melodious and strong voice. Also, he had a great

achievement on this dream stage. Although he hadnt gain the popularity among

the audience at the beginning, he always kept his dream in mind and never gave

it up. It is his success that brings home to me the power of dream.

A life without a dream is a life without a sun. Therefore, in no

circumstances can we give up our dream. Unquestionably, dreams are of great

importance. For one thing, a person having a dream will be considered to be more

responsible and unswerving. For another, in pursuit of our dream, there is a

chance that good habits and positive attitudes can be formed, contributing to

our success.

As for our students, what we should do is to choose a healthy seed and

plant it on fertilized soil. Firstly, knowledge is the foundation of dream

realization, so we should spend much time in study to enrich ourselves.

Secondly, it also takes perseverance and confidence if we want to realize our

dreams. Last but not least, we should not be craven and timorous but brave when

we meeting obstacles.

There is no doubt that we all want to be successful. But what’s the main

concern of the way to success? From Abraham Lincoln’s famous remark, “Give me

six hours to chop down a tree, and I will spend the first four sharpening the

axe”, I learn that if we want to achieve success, we must make full preparation

for it.

Only if we are well prepared, can we catch the opportunity which occurs

once in a while. In our daily life, we have to expand our horizon and lay a

solid foundation for success. It will be a long way to be successful thus we

have to accumulate our knowledge day by day. And we can’t achieve success in one

or two days. It will help us solve problems more efficiently if we have a broad

horizon. What’s more, opportunities always occur out of our expectation so we

have to make ourselves well prepared. If we prepared, we will catch up with it

whenever it comes up.

Opportunities give priorities to the people who make preparation for them.

What’s more, success goes along with opportunities. We should develop the

ability to solve problems in different and efficient ways therefore we can make

our way to success more easily.

有一方净土，谓之华夏;有一种图腾，其名为龙。龙本含韵，千古永存。

龙，自古便为万兽之灵，承载着古人的祈福与憧憬，是平安与权贵的化身。传说将龙描摹得圣洁而神秘，在炎黄子孙的心里，留下了威严乃至不可亵渎的神圣身影。神通广大的龙，是实至名归的中华民族的象征。

龙有“九似”之身，相传诞生于黄帝“合符釜山”之时。集各部落图腾元素为一体的龙，由此逐渐被世人所熟知。在往日，它象征着各部落的结盟与统一，在今日，它更是华夏大地上中华儿女共同的信仰，是折射出56个民族团结互助共同进步的明镜。龙，早已在潜移默化里，一点点融入我们的日常生活，成为祖国历史上不可或缺的一部分。

放眼于全中华，在祖国广袤无垠的领土上，龙，无处不在。无论是服饰装饰还是日常饮食，更或为传统习俗，都无不彰显着华夏儿女对龙的敬仰与崇尚。

古时的龙，象征着无上的皇权，因而皇帝被尊称为龙子，皇帝之座椅即为龙椅，即便是连绵的山脉，也能以龙命名，称其为“龙脉”。而流传到今日，龙早已褪去权贵的浮华，成为了平安祥瑞的化身，悄然步入寻常百姓的家中，成为了服饰上精美的刺绣，在细致入微而毫无瑕疵的魅力中，透露出龙本便含有的深韵。

在祖国的饮食里同样能觅得龙的身影。在传统美食里的龙，成为了别出心裁的名称，成为了精妙绝伦的造型，饮食的方方面面里，无不反映着龙在百姓心中重要的地位。

从古至今，龙在传统习俗中一直占据着一袭之地，端午节在纪念壮士屈原的同时，也以赛龙舟这种独特的方式，反映着对历史的敬仰，对生活的热爱，而精雕细琢的龙舟，同样承载着人们对美好生活的向往与期盼。故曰之：龙本含韵，千古永存。

无人见真龙，龙自隐心中。传说里十全十美，无所不能的龙，也映射着中华传统美德的诞生与发展。中华民族始终秉持着的孝道，是全世界所为之敬佩的民族文化，而拾金不昧，互相谦让的传统美德，也无不彰显着中华民族身为“龙的传人”的风范。

历史长河漫漫，龙自炎黄时期诞生，见证了祖国元朝的疆域辽阔，唐朝的国力强盛;也目睹了清朝的腐败妥协，让往日世界赫赫有名的强国，像一只脆弱的羔羊任人宰割;它铭记着侵略者的残暴，它永不能忘中华民族所受的耻辱;它见证了“东亚病夫”的崛起，见证了被外国所嘲笑的祖国一步步强盛，一步步走向世界的前端……龙不灭亡，华夏不倒，即龙韵在时间长河里终是千古永存，中华，终会屹立于世界的东方!龙，不仅是一个图腾，更是传统文化的灵魂，中华民族的灵魂，乃至中华人民共和国的灵魂!

请铭记有一方净土，它的名字叫做华夏;请铭记有一个图腾，象征着中华民族之魂。龙本含韵，千古永存!

Nowadays,with the rapid development of our society,almost all the graduates

have to face a choice:to get a job first or to find the job you like first?As

far as I am concerned,the graduates should get a job first and then choose the

job they like.The reasons can be listed as follows:

First of all,for many students,even they themselves don’t know what kind of

job they want to choose.For these students,to get a job first can help them find

out their favorite job through trying different work.What’s more,the graduates

are all under great employment pressure.There are thousands of graduates need to

find their jobs every year.So if the graduates don’t get their jobs as soon as

they leave the school,they will miss the best chance to get a job.Last but not

least,one can accumulate experience and broaden horizons in his or her first

job.It’s certain that these experiences will contribute to future job.As the

famous saying goes “One should apply theory to practice.”,students should apply

what they have learned in class to their jobs,thus enhancing their working

skills.

Above all,nowadays under the greater employment pressure,the graduates

should get a job first and then to choose the job they like.Since students can

have a better understanding of what they like and gain experience in the first

job.

Nowadays it is common to encounter a scene when people want to see things

happen but can‘t make things happen for various reasons. The most important

reason is that they just refuse to create and innovate. With the accelerated

pace of our society,more and more people recognize the importance of creation

that is bound to make a difference in social productivity.

As far as I am concerned,we should all have the notion of being the

participants of supporting creation. First of all,creation is the most vital

factor to improve the inner competitiveness of our nation. For another,it is

certain that creation is so essential that enables many people to find their

positions in the company and careers in their lives.

Measures are also needed to encourage creation . First and foremost,the

government should establish certain rules to sweep up the obstacles of

invention. Some people have already complained much about complicated procedure

of patent applications or high fees to do experiments of inventions.

Additionally,high schools and universities can provide students with

scholarships or overseas learning opportunities,which will stimulate more

youngsters to join the group of invention and innovation.

The Great Wall of China is called the "Ten thousand Ii Great Wall" in

Chinese. In fact, it s more than 6 000 kilometres long. It winds its way from

west to east, across deserts, over mountains, through valleys till at last it

reaches the sea.It is one of the wonders of the world.The Great Wall has a history of over twenty centuries. The first part of it

was built during the Spring and Autumn Period.

During the Warring States Period, more walls were put up to defend the

borders of the different kingdoms.It was during the Qin Dynasty that the kingdom of Qin united the dif ferent

parts into one empire.

To keep the enemy out of his empire, Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all the

walls joined up. Thus, the Great Wall came into being.The Great Wall is wide enough at the top for five horses or ten men to walk

side by side.Along the wall are watchtowers, where soldiers used to keep watch.Fires were lit on the the towers as a warning when the enemy came.It was very difficult to build such a wall in the ancient days without any

modern machines.

All the work was done by hand. Thousands of men died and were buried under

the wall they built. The Great Wall was made not only of stone and earth, but of

the flesh and blood of millions of men.

Today the Great Wall has become a place of interest not only to the Chinese

but to people from all over the world. Many of them have come to know the famous

Chinese saying: "He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man."

Today is "March" Womens Day, I want to do several things to help his

mother, let her have a happy holiday. At noon, I came home and found the table

already filled with delicious food, but just could not see her mother. Suddenly,

I heard a sound of laundry to the laundry and saw the stage, my mother was

washing clothes. I said: "Mom, you go to eat, Ill wash. Because today is your

holiday, I want to make you happy." "Are you okay?" Mom asked, smiling. "OK," I

said. Mom went to eat doubtfully. I picked up the sleeves, took out a piece of

clothing, wet with blisters, and then cast soap, then rub hard. Yeah rub rub,

rub my hands are red, but there are still a little greasy clothes, do not rub

clean. I had to rinse with a brush, then rinse well with water and the clothes

clean. I washed some clothes, my mother came, looked at me hard to look like, my

mother smiles, so happy, so happy.

Evening, I rush to help her mother wash the dishes, I washed dishes placed

neatly. Mother looked, smiled and said: "So this is Yao Yao gave me holiday

gift!" Although I am more tired than usual today, but I am very happy because

I let my mother had a happy holiday season. Memorable day - dedicated to the

Womens Day Mom.

So many children take what their parents do for them for granted, they

haven’t realized the meaning of being grateful. So they always get angry with

their parents, because they don’t get what they want. According to the news that

a little girl went out of the house and refused to go home because her parents

did not give her enough pocket money. I was so shocked to hear it, I would never

ask much from my parents, because I knew they were not easy to make a living and

I am always feel so thankful for what they offer me. Even the one who gives me a

hand when I am in need, I would remember him and when I have the chance, I will

return. A grateful heart makes us a kind person and create a harmonious

environment.

Every day, we can see the figures of the volunteers. Actually, they have

formed a kind of scenery of the city. Some people hold that volunteering is

merely a waste of time, because the volunteers have no gains with pains.

However, I believe that doing voluntary is quite rewarding.

In the first place, we can put into practice what we have learnt before,

for instance, when we were asked by a foreigner about the way to some place, we

could practice our oral foreign language, it’s definitely a good opportunity to

express ourselves in a foreign language correctly and clearly.

In the second place, we could make a lot of new friends while we are

volunteering As a proverb says, “At home one relies on one’s parents and outside

on one’s friends”, so it is never a bad thing to have lots of friends.

Finally, helping others is a good way to make you feel happy and when you

help others solve a problem successful, you will feel fulfillment. In this

sense, we reap a bountiful spiritual harvest by doing voluntary work.

On the whole, we can benefit a lot by engaging ourselves in the voluntary

work. Therefore, I suggest those that have abundant spare time registering as

volunteers for the welfare for the public.

Science and technology have been bringing human beings tremendous benefits.

Thanks to science and technology, we now live comfortably and conveniently in

houses furnished with air conditioners, refrigerators, washing machines and

televisions etc. Thanks to science and technology, we can eat fresh vegetables

at the year round. Thanks to science and technology, we can travel long

distances in the fraction of a second on planes, trains and cars. Thanks to

science and technology, we wear clothes with synthetic materials which can not

easily be worn out.

However, science and technology have atso brought us a lot of disasters.

First, because of the many breakthroughs in the field of medicine, people are

now living much longer than they used to. As a result, the population of the

world is increasing, causing lots of problems. Second, because of the

development of industry, lots of the wastes from factories pour into the air and

rivers, causing pollution of all kinds. Third, some terrorists are using science

and technology against mankind. They use biological, chemical and unclear

weapons to threaten world peace...

So its urgent that we find ways to solve these problems. But we should not

stop the development of science and technology because of these disasters they

bring, just as we should not give up eating for fear of choking. In addition, we

should make some rules to regulate our actions. As long as we use science and

technology in a proper way, they may bring us even more benefits.

There is nothing complicated about eating a proper diet. For good health,

eat a variety of foods. Do not eat the same foods day after day! Foods should be

selected everyday from each of basic four. They are the four groups of food

essential to proper nutrition: the milk group, meat group, vegetable-fruit

group, and bread- cereal group, Your body will then be supplied with all the

nutrients it requires; they are water, minerals, carbohydrate, fats and oils,

proteins, and vitamins. A persons diet is determined by his attitudes, likes

and dislikes. If you eat foods from each of the basic four groups each day, you

will have a balanced diet.

It is widely accepted that to work independently has the obvious advantage

that it can prove one’s ability. However, I believe that teamwork is more

important in the modern society and teamwork sprit has become a required quality

by more and more companies.

In the first place, we are situated in a complicated society and we often

encounter tough problems that are beyond our ability. It is especially at this

moment that teamwork proves to be exceedingly important. With the help of the

team, these problems can be solved easily and quickly, which could improve work

efficiency.

In the second place, teamwork provides a chance to cooperate with workmate,

it will make a friendly and enjoyable work environment, which is an important

factor influencing employees’ belief in the company as a good workplace.

Finally, teamwork contributes to the prosperity of the companies. With all

workmates’ knowledge combined, the companies possess high work efficiency and an

ability to deal with whatever problems. As a result, the companies can make more

profits and develop more quickly.

In sum, teamwork is very important, no one could live individually, they

must rely on others in some way. Hence, work together could make life

easier.

dear bob,

i’m very glad to hear that you will come here to start your chinese lesson in september. i’ve found a flat, a 25-square-meter one, which includes a bedroom, a bathroom, and a kitchen for you with the rent 500 yuan per month. it is on the third floor. in the bedroom there is a chair, a desk, a bed and a sofa. by the way, the flat is on fangcao street, not far from jianxin chinese school. bus no.11 can take you there. what the most convenient is that it’s only one block between the school and your flat. if you come here, you will find it a good place for you to live in. what do you think of it? and it’s essential for me to know your earliest reply.

sincerely yours,

li hua

As the development of the society, people want to conquer the environment,

they use the high technology to change the environment, when people are

satisfied with what they did to the nature, the nature is starting to teach

human being a lesson. In the movie The Day After Tomorrow, people were in the

great disaster that caused by the greenhouse effect, it just like the end of the

world, there was no way for people to avoid such great disaster. The movie

reminds people of the result they did harm to the environment, it will revenge

people, people have to face the disaster. It is very important to protect the

environment, people should get along with the environment.

This weekend, there was an art festival in our school, it had been hold for

five years and the school insisted to make it become the feature. I was so

excited, this was the first time for me to join. Early in the morning, I saw

there were so many people coming to the campus, making the campus so lively. The

students dressed so well and gave the warm welcome to the guests. I walked

around and appreciated the painting, every work was drawn by the students, I was

so impressed by these works. There were also some handworks, which were so

creative, it reflected the students’ wisdom. Though we were busy with our

subjects most of the time, some students still kept on their hobbies and made it

their talent. I should learn from them and develop some interest.

【论文摘要】在高考英语试题中，写作是有效提高学生整体成绩的重要手段，写作是目的也是为了测试学生直接运用英语表达的能力而设置的，因此通常都会放在试卷的最后面作为压轴题出现。在高考英语写作要求中，明确提出要让考生运用所学知识进行书写，能组词成句、组句成文，语句符合英语语法和习惯。在写出的书面材料中，要求达到：切中题意，文理通顺，语言准确，得当。那么，怎样才能在高考英语写作中出类拔萃呢？这正是本文要探讨的内容。

一、有的放矢，了解高考英语写作要点

要对高考英语写作的题型及内容有所了解，才能把握好高考英语写作的考点，在此基础上才能找到行之有效的对策及方法。纵观近几年各省高考英语试题中，写作测试的命题思路，有一种从指导性写作逐步向半开放式写作过渡的趋势。半开放式写作，具体地说，就是给考生们提供一定的材料(包括图、文或图文结合)然后要求学生根据材料来进行书面表达，这样的考题形式，既限制了考生随心所欲的思维，又给予考生适当的发挥空间。这种命题方式能较好地考查考生的语言组织能力、书面表达能力以及思维能力。而在文体方面，记叙文、议论文、应用文及书信为最常见的写作题材。因此，我们可以做一个形象的比喻，写文章就像工厂里制造一台机器那样，首先要确定机器由几部分组成，然后对这几部分分别细化，形成初步的设计图；再根据要求对初步的设计图进行完善、补充、修改，随之形成最终的设计图；然后我们再按照图纸的设计，使用我们所掌握的零件去制造出机器；同样的道理，学生写作时可参照以下模式：

1．理解话题：学生在动笔前必须对指定的话题进行反复细读，认真思考，理解其真正的含义，了解出题者的意图，这是进行写作的第一步；

2．明确文体，确定人称时态：这一阶段的判断中，主要强调近十年高考最常见的两种文体：(1)说明文：必须按照事物的原貌加以说明、介绍、解释，常采用一般现在时，被动语态也常使用；(2)记叙文：通常采用第一人称，描述本人的经历或耳闻目睹之事；或用第三人称讲述他人的事情，如果是过去的事情，要用过去时。

3．初拟提纲，再理解话题：明确文体的基础上，草拟写作提纲；提纲是文章的骨架，可以是一句活，也可以是一个词组，由于考试时间所限，提纲内容不必面面俱到，但必须体现文章的整体结构和思路；目前绝大部分高中学生在英语写作时，还习惯于使用母语进行构思，然后将构思好的中文内容翻译成英文，这种情况是正常的；关键在于翻译过程中的语言表达必须符合英语语言的表达习惯

4．开始写作：提纲完成后，应根据提纲充实内容，如果说提纲是骨架的话，那么这时你必须将骨架填充血肉；具体的说就是要扩展要点，连词成句，适当地变换句型，组句谋篇成文；注意应简明扼要，层次分明、用词准确、语法概念清楚，使文章更具说服力，然后在写作完成后，还要对文章进行快速的检查，减少单词的拼写错误和句子表达的错误。

二、高考英语写作指导的具体策略

根据以上对历年高考英语写作试题的分析，我们可以从以下三个方面去指导学生进行写作：

1．细读材料，认真审题

仔细阅读书面表达题所给材料的全部内容，准确理解题目要求。需要认真审查的内容有：(1)文章的开头和结尾是否已给出；(2)用第几人称写作，书面表达要求中会明确指出使用第一人称还是第三人称；(3)提供的情景是图画、图表，还是提纲，如果是连环画，要注意故事情节的连贯性，确定合理的情节发展；(4)是否提供参考词汇，如果提供有参考词汇，写作中最好要用到；(5)采用什么文体，如果是议论文，要有论点、论据和结论三部分。如果是应用文，要注意其格式。如果是记叙文，要抓住六个要素：时间、地点、人物、事件、事情起因、事情的发展与结果。

2．恰当选择词语和句式

认真审题后，就可以列提纲了，将重点单词、短语、句型写在提纲里，关于选词切忌使用生僻词语，要求做到用词准确、得体、达意。选择句式时，尽量使用多种句式，如强调句、倒装句、各种名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句和固定句型等，长句和短句视情况交错使用，这样可以提高文章的档次，使文章生辉。

选词大多是在一组同义词或近义词之间进行。例如，我们要表达“好”这个意思，一般来说，大家会马上想起“good”，因为口语中我们经常说agoodfriend、goodluck、agoodpicture等。但是，在不同的短语中，可以选择不同的英语单词使表达更加准确、生动、形象。

3．多背常识性语句，扩大知识面

语言是有规律的，不同体裁的书面表达都有其常识性语句。如果同学们平时有大量的语句积累，在写作时就能把积累的东西调动起来。这些常识性语句既可增加文章的连贯性、逻辑性和可读性，同时还能提供地道的表达方式。写人物介绍时，应着重写人物的姓名、性别、年龄、职业、身高、健康状况、业余爱好、工作态度、与人相处和社会评价等语句。例如：lipingisagoodteacher，whoisthirtyyearsold．heis175centimetrestallandheishealthy．等。

【参考文献】

[1]韩金龙，秦秀白.体裁分析与体裁教学法.[j].外语界2000(1)

[2]韩金龙.英语写作教学:过程体裁教学法.[j].外语界.2001(4)

[3]何星.“过程写作法”较之“结果写作法”在高中英语写作教学中的

有效性研究.[d]华东师大专业硕士学位论文.2007